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Chu's Final Breakthrough Before Taking Office

KentuckyFC writes "While preparing for the job of US Secretary of Energy in the incoming Obama administration (and being director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a Nobel Prize winner to boot), Steven Chu has somehow found time to make a major breakthrough in the world of atom interferometry. One measure of an interferometer's sensitivity is the area that its arms enclose. Chu and colleagues have found a way to increase this area by a factor of 2,500 by canceling out the noise introduced by lasers, which work as beam splitters sending atoms down different arms (abstract). One thing this makes possible is the use of different types of atoms in the same interferometer, allowing a new generation of tests of the equivalence principle. (This is the assumption that the m in F=ma and the m's in F= Gm1.m2/r^2 are the same thing). Let's hope he's got equally impressive breakthroughs planned for his encore as US Secretary of Energy."

63 of 233 comments (clear)

  1. I know, right? by Shaitan+Apistos · · Score: 5, Funny

    (This is the assumption that the m in F=ma and the m's in F= Gm1.m2/r^2 are the same thing).

    That's what she said.

    1. Re:I know, right? by im_thatoneguy · · Score: 5, Funny

      (This is the assumption that the m in F=ma and the m's in F= Gm1.m2/r^2 are the same thing)

      Bah! Just another example of More-of-the-Same! Where's the change we were promised from the Obama Administration!

      Just another example of an Obama appointee trying to maintain a status quo!

  2. Not "final" by Eravnrekaree · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The title seems to imply he wont make any more breakthroughs after taking office. Yet I hope and I think that he should continue to due science work even after taking office and there is no reason why he couldnt.

    1. Re:Not "final" by im_thatoneguy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Chu's Final Breakthrough Before Taking Office

      Keith Dawson wrongly titles yet another article. Surprise surprise.

      (I'm going to assume the title hasn't changed since you wrote that.)

      Unless Chu has another breakthrough he's going to unleash before... Tuesday I would say it's a pretty accurate title. I doubt he'll make another breakthrough in 24 hours.

    2. Re:Not "final" by Rei · · Score: 4, Funny

      I'd just love to hear him use the phrase, "Look at me, still talking while there's science to do."

      --
      Tonight's Special: Leg of Salmon
    3. Re:Not "final" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      I want to hear him testify before congress and use the phrase "Science... it works, bitches."

    4. Re:Not "final" by hcdejong · · Score: 4, Insightful

      he should continue to due science work even after taking office and there is no reason why he couldnt.

      Right, because as Secretary of Energy he'll have oodles of spare time. It's not as if the nation needs governing or anything.

    5. Re:Not "final" by TheLink · · Score: 3, Funny

      The uranium cake was a lie!

      --
  3. Interferowhatsjiggy? by gravos · · Score: 5, Informative

    In case you're an idiot like me, you might appreciate to know that interferometry is about studying the properties of two or more waves by looking at the pattern of interference created by their superposition. The instrument used to interfere the waves together is called an interferometer.

    What, you don't remember this stuff from Physics 101? Shame on you...

    1. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      And seriously, who here in /. does _not_ know what it is.

      People with mod points.

    2. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What was the point of your post? If you are, as you say, too stupid to know what interferobolloxs is then why would you make a post to explain it to us? And seriously, who here in /. does _not_ know what it is.

      The point is, intelligent people with a better-than-average knowledge of physics may not be familiar with atom interferometry. He didn't know what it was, researched it, and provided a definition for the benefit of others. That's being informative. Whining about how stupid it is to provide information because you're, admittedly, unfamiliar with the subject is flaming.

    3. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by fermion · · Score: 5, Informative
      An interferometer is a cool device. By splitting a single beam of light into two, we end up with two identical waves which can then be made to interfere to create patterns that can be observed with the unaided eye. The cool thing is that microscopic changes in path length result in macroscopic changes in the pattern.

      One of the neatest applications of this is the Michaelson Morely experiment. A the time of this work, theory was going back and forth between light as a wave and light as particle, and at the time light was a classical wave, which meant it needed a medium to travel, like sound needs air or water waves. It was theorized that the universe was saturated with an aether to carry the light. IIRC, it was theorized that as the Earth moved through the aether, there would be differences in the speed of light based on direction the light is going. In this work, a light beam was split, made to travel in perpendicular direction, and the difference in speed measured.

      No difference was measured. this implied that no aether existed. this implies that the waves traveled without a medium. This was quite a surprising result, and was the beginning of the end for classical mechanics. 10 years later we had quantized energy, 15 years later we had the photoelectric effect tell us light was a particle, and a few years after that we have matrix and wave mechanics.

      --
      "She's a scientist and a lesbian. She's not going to let it slide." Orphan Black
    4. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by HiVizDiver · · Score: 5, Funny

      And seriously, who here in /. does _not_ know what it is.

      *raises hand*

      Some of us don't have time to learn EVERYTHING, since we do go outside every once in a while. That's that bright place between your folks' basement and the D&D store, btw.

    5. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by symbolset · · Score: 5, Informative

      I wonder if the noise this breakthrough removed was the same noise observed there or a ddifferent kind?

      Neither. The world-as-you-know it is imaginary. The rest of us are really not here. All of this stimulus is being fed directly into your brain by a computer. You're in a coma, and not likely to recover. Sorry, dude. We'll make it look as close to real as we can. (Roll cheerleader porn).

      --
      Help stamp out iliturcy.
    6. Re:Interferowhatsjiggy? by Smauler · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Thirded. Outside was a difficult concept to me too before I read the GP's explanation. Wait a minute....

  4. Re:Any relation to Alex Chu? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Chu is a popular name, you insensitive clod.

  5. Obviously... by overzero · · Score: 5, Funny

    Obviously this is just an attempt by the democrats to distract from the nation's problems as Obama takes office. They should be ashamed of themselves for exploiting the public's interest in atom interferometry this way.

  6. Nice Change by zwekiel · · Score: 3, Interesting

    It's a nice change from the previous high level government officials of the Bush Administration, who were appointed not based on their knowledge and experience in a given field, but their willingness to bend the truth according to the Bush administration dogma.

    1. Re:Nice Change by Jah-Wren+Ryel · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's a nice change from the previous high level government officials of the Bush Administration, who were appointed not based on their knowledge and experience in a given field, but their willingness to bend the truth according to the Bush administration dogma.

      That was my initial reaction. But at that level of responsibility I much prefer someone being appointed for their competency to manage well rather than their ability to do technical work. I have no idea if Chu is a good manager or not, just saying that the Peter Principle is something to be avoided.

      --
      When information is power, privacy is freedom.
    2. Re:Nice Change by overzero · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think this is even truer than it sounds. A lot of people Obama's tagged have very little incentive to take the position other than if they feel they might be able to get stuff done. All the good scientists I know mostly just want to work on cool and interesting things and see administration and bureaucracy as a necessary evil, making the aspects of these jobs which can be exploited for monetary gain less attractive than getting back to a lab. Furthermore, any career politicians in their positions would be ruined by going around the administration, whereas it's not like Steven Chu will ever struggle to find a job he wants. The upshot is that these guys have little to lose by being forced to resign, whereas it'd look horrible for Obama if they go off in a huff because he won't listen to them. Obama's been accused of talking change without having any substance, but I think he just hit the point of no return on following good science. It'll certainly be nice to see Nobel Prizes having more weight than Magic 8-Balls.

    3. Re:Nice Change by overzero · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Two things:

      First, someone as generally intelligent as Chu should be able to figure his job out no matter what. We're not talking about idiot savants here, we're talking about people who are incredibly good learners.

      Second, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory

    4. Re:Nice Change by jo42 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      What makes you think Bush appointees where good managers? Or where even close to being competent for the position they where appointed to?

    5. Re:Nice Change by i.of.the.storm · · Score: 2, Informative

      Err, he is the director of LBNL, so I would assume he would be a good manager as well as a good scientist.

      --
      All your base are belong to Wii.
    6. Re:Nice Change by Yvanhoe · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I continue to find it strange that so many people think that competence in the core field of a department is second to management skills. What makes management so special that you can rely on a collaborator to have the core competency but not the management skills ?

      Of course, I'd rather have one with both but, well, is it really preferable to have a good manager with poor scientific skills at the head of what is mainly a technology department rather than a scientist with poor managerial skills (which, some clues indicate, Chu is not) ?

      --
      The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
    7. Re:Nice Change by Improv · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I don't know a lot about Chu, but over the years I've worked at a University, I've come to the conclusion that people skills and scientific skills are largely orthoganal - some people have both, but a number of researchers are either extraordinarily shy and nonconfrontational or egomaniacs, neither of which make good leaders. I hope that Chu is of the sort that's good at both.

      --
      For every problem, there is at least one solution that is simple, neat, and wrong.
    8. Re:Nice Change by mako1138 · · Score: 2, Informative

      I work at LBL (as a guest, not an employee) and Steven Chu is very well-liked around here. He does have a rather disturbing laugh though.

    9. Re:Nice Change by TheLink · · Score: 4, Funny

      Scientist with a disturbing laugh?

      Does he have a habit of laughing while doing an experiment in the lab in the middle of the night during a thunderstorm?

      --
  7. For the Record... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    From http://arXiv.org/auth/show-endorsers/0901.1819 :

    Holger Müller: Is registered as an author of this paper.

    Sven Herrmann, Sheng-wey Chiow and Steven Chu are not registered as owners of this paper.

    Sure, it doesn't nail down who did what exactly, but if I had a question about the paper, I'm asking Holger first.

    1. Re:For the Record... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      According to http://arxiv.org/help/not-registered.html, Steven Chu may not be a registered owner for as simple a reason as not having a user account with that website.

      That said, Mueller is listed as final author of the paper and Steven Chu is listed second to last, which pretty much throws all assumptions based on position out the window. (See http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=562 for a comedic but sadly true primer).

      Mueller served as a postdoc under Chu but both are professors. Based on Mueller's other publications (http://www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/faculty/mueller.html) and Chu's second-to-last position, I'd say the other two names are postdocs in his lab. Really, I'd ask those two if you want to know the specifics on this experiment. Blind guess at Chu's role, but probably functionally a PI - more of an adviser role.

    2. Re:For the Record... by artor3 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Chu is a big name, so its hard to tell whether he was the driving force behind this research, or tossed on the list of authors to get funding. Muller is an Assistant Professor. Chiow is a post-doc.

      Herrman, I can't find a position for via a quick google search, but it looks like he's been putting out papers under Muller for 5 years, which means he's been working under him even longer. The only way you'd work under one person for that long without having a larger internet presence is as a meek and lowly grad student.

      Therefore, my guess is this - Muller or Chu comes up with idea. Chu gets funding. Muller does the over-arching theory behind the idea (probably with help from Chu). Chiow leads in actual lab work, while Herrman does the grunt work. But hey, at least its better than being an undergrad. Those poor saps probably got jobs like "write down the number on this display every ten minutes for the next four hours", and they don't even end up getting listed.

    3. Re:For the Record... by nairolF · · Score: 3, Informative

      From http://arxiv.org/auth/show-endorsers/0901.1819 :

      Holger Müller: Is registered as an author of this paper.

      This means that Holger Müller is the guy who logged onto arXiv and uploaded the paper. It has nothing to do with who actually contributed how much to the research.

      --
      "...Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!"
  8. So Let me get this straight by voss · · Score: 5, Funny

    Our incoming president reads spiderman comics and his secretary of energy is some incredible nobel prize winning genius who ran a program called "Bio-X", can we possibly get more nerdy?

    1. Re:So Let me get this straight by MrMista_B · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Our incoming president reads spiderman comics and his secretary of energy is some incredible nobel prize winning genius who ran a program called "Bio-X", can we possibly get more *AWESOME*?

      There, fixed that for you.

    2. Re:So Let me get this straight by KNicolson · · Score: 2

      My (well, not mine really, as I can't vote) Prime Minister reads manga and his ex-Defense Minister builds plastic models of battleships and fighter planes, but they are far, far, far from *AWESOME*!

  9. Re:Any relation to Alex Chu? by MrMista_B · · Score: 2, Funny

    Just because it's a popular last name doesn't mean that everyone with the last name 'Chu' is sterile, you insensitie clod.

  10. Re:Unfortunately... by joocemann · · Score: 5, Informative

    ...the article didn't say who did the work.

    Just the politician whose name is attached to it.

    unfortunately.. you don't understand whats going on.... the man being selected for the DOE position is a scientist, not a politician. And while preparing to become a politician, he still made progress as a scientist.

    It says who did the work. Steven Chu. He will soon become a politician who has actually done something in life.

  11. Re:practical use? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    ^-- I'm with stupid

  12. Re:Unfortunately... by Maxmin · · Score: 3, Insightful

    ...I didn't read the article, so I don't know who did the work.

    There, fixed that for you.

    --
    O lord, bless this thy holy hand grenade, that with it thou mayest blow thine enemies to tiny bits, in thy mercy.
  13. Re:practical use? by im_thatoneguy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yeah it's a shame Joe Sixpack hasn't been able to enjoy any of the techno-elitist discoveries of the last 2,000 years (or as he used to be called Joe Sixmule).

    What we need to do is elect more people without any experience or education in the area they've been tapped to administer so that government can concentrate on failing to provide any service what so ever.

  14. Dammit Steve Chu by JoshuaZ · · Score: 2, Funny
    He's gone and made us all have to feel inferior again. Seriously, does the man just exist to make the rest of us feel like we're idiots who can't get anything accomplished in life? I have to ask myself what Steve Chu could do to be more impressive and at this point the list is pretty short:

    1. Prove the Riemann Hypothesis.

    2. Bring peace to the Mid-East.

    3. Turn out that to have made an amazingly human AI in his free time that escaped and now calls itself Randall Munroe and writes xkcd.

    1. Re:Dammit Steve Chu by bsDaemon · · Score: 4, Funny

      No, he'll bring Linux to the desktop, cure cancer, and get Adobe to release 64-bit Photoshop for the Mac... in that order.

  15. Re:great researcher not a great manager make by WindBourne · · Score: 5, Insightful

    You are right. Many researchers would not make a good manager. OTH, Dr. Chu is ALREADY director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and doing a good job. I am guessing that he will do a bang up job as nation director. Far too often politicians bring in more politicians because they LIKE the person, not because the person is qualified to lead. In this case, Chu is not likely to be BSed.
    In light of the idiots that we have had directing the science world for the last 8 years (and to be honest even in Clinton and reagans terms), this is refreshing.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  16. Re:Wrong experience ? by artor3 · · Score: 5, Informative

    He's the director of a research institute with over four thousand employees and a half billion dollar budget. I think he can handle the managerial stuff just fine.

  17. Re:Qualifications by Anpheus · · Score: 5, Informative

    As has been pointed out many, many, ... many times before.

    He's the director, as in, head honcho, manager type, of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, a Department of Energy funded facility. He's undoubtedly familiar with the rules and regulations of the DoE. In addition, he directs a staff over -over- four thousand scientists and management, and commands a budget -over- five hundred million dollars annually.

    How is he not qualified, again?

  18. Re:Unfortunately... by Hooya · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I seriously hope that this new administration will end the era where willful ignorance was a virtue.

  19. Re:Unfortunately... by Maxmin · · Score: 5, Informative

    He will soon become a politician who has actually done something in life.

    What's more, he's replacing a typical D.C. corporate revolving-door appointment, Samuel Bodman. The man sat on his thumbs while energy prices trebled during Bush's time. He came from Wall Street ferchrisakes, and he'll probably head back to the corporate world, where I'm sure he'll be heartily welcomed for taking up the business agenda while at DOE.

    With Chu, there's a pretty good chance he'll point DOE in a new direction, towards funded research for actual energy alternatives.

    Good riddance to the Bush robber barons.

    --
    O lord, bless this thy holy hand grenade, that with it thou mayest blow thine enemies to tiny bits, in thy mercy.
  20. Re:practical use? by TubeSteak · · Score: 3, Insightful

    What we need to do is elect more people without any experience or education in the area they've been tapped to administer so that government can concentrate on failing to provide any service what so ever.

    There's two schools of thought when it comes to management:

    1. Managers should have experience in the field so they can make informed decisions based on their background knowledge.
    2. Managers should know how to manage and can rely on advisers to provide the technical information upon which they base their decisions

    And the thing is, neither school of thought is inherently right or wrong.
    It is totally dependent on the position to be filled and many can go either way.

    For example, Obama picked the 1st type of manager to be Sec of Energy, yet he picked the 2nd type to head the CIA.

    --
    [Fuck Beta]
    o0t!
  21. Re:Wrong experience ? by gardyloo · · Score: 2, Funny

    The last thing you want is someone so hands on in a high level position.

    Worked for Monika Lewinsky.

  22. Re:Wrong experience ? by gardyloo · · Score: 2, Funny

    Worked for Monika Lewinsky.

    Lewinski? Don't want to stain that good name. Might get a dressing-down.

  23. Re:Unfortunately... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 2, Funny

    You here that? That's the noise hell makes as it flash freezes.

  24. Re:Wrong experience ? by gardyloo · · Score: 2, Funny

    Lewinski?

    Close, but no cigar.

  25. After his first 100 days in office... by wrecked · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ... I'll bet Chu will be thinking that physics is a piece of cake compared to governing the US.

  26. Re:Experience? by plasmacutter · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It's great and all that he's so smart, but how will his experience translate into change in our nation's energy policy? We get most of our power from coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro, so how does his research have any bearing on those sources?

    well, as a physicist he would know from examination of the energy alternatives being debated whether energy lobbyists are blowing smoke or voicing genuine concerns.

    --
    VLC FOR MAC IS DYING! IF YOU DEVELOP, PLEASE SAVE IT!!
  27. Paper shuffling is not a good job by symbolset · · Score: 2, Interesting

    At least it should not be a national goal to take the people who are expanding the realm of human knowledge and chain them to a desk managing federal middle managers. It's cruel. It's wasteful.

    Kudos to the incoming administration for being able to figure out who the thinkers in their country are. That's a refreshing change from the previous administration. Now please - for the sake of us all - when you identify them, leave them in place and appoint administrators to get stuff out of their way. For all our sakes, don't take them from their honest work and make lobbyists out of them. I'd rather you set money on fire. Really.

    --
    Help stamp out iliturcy.
  28. Oh really? by symbolset · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The highest IQ guy I've ever met (that I know about) drove a car for a living and aspired to not work any harder than he had to. His greatest aspiration was to get laid today if he could. He seldom met this goal. His IQ was measured at 165. He was interesting to talk to. Most people aren't.

    His hero was Groo the Wanderer.

    What did this experience teach me about intelligence? Exactly nothing. Which is what I gained from your post. But at least you didn't puke in my shoes like he did.

    --
    Help stamp out iliturcy.
  29. Re:more than that. by MadKeithV · · Score: 3, Funny

    ... more than lazzis faire.

    Yeah. Damn lazy fairies.

  30. Re:I'm not a physicist but that is a terrible summ by novakyu · · Score: 2, Informative

    Lasers work as beams splitters ?

    Sending atoms ?

    Um, yeah, right.

    I'm not familiar with the details, but at first sight, I don't see a problem with those statements.

    Remember, this is an atom interferometry. The "beam" refers to a beam of atoms. It's the wavefunction of the atoms that are being used to produce the signal, not the laser (which is the more garden-variety interferometry like one used in LIGO). From the description I get in the abstract, it sounds like they first laser-cool the atoms in a trap (probably magnetic, as the atoms used are frequently paramagnetic and can be trapped), then release the trap letting the atoms drop.

    If you have a laser in the atom's path, by appropriately tuning the laser you can produce repulsive force on the atoms (I forget whether this has to be blue-shifted or red-shifted from the transition, but either way it can be done), so much like a rod in a stream, it will force the atoms to take one path or another as it drops under gravity.

    The actual scheme in the experiment is probably way more complicated than this (they do claim factor of 2500 increase in the area covered, so the atoms must travel longer somehow), but it's nothing ridiculous. Maybe a little too technical for someone who's not an atomic physicist to grasp immediately.

  31. Re:Unfortunately... by Dhalka226 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I sincerely hope that too. I have no idea where "[presidential candidate] is an average person like me" suddenly became a virtue, but it's disheartening. I won't speak for anybody else, but I don't want the president or other high-ranking officials to be average or as smart as me. I want them to be brilliant. I want them to be so brilliant that no matter how smart I am, I feel like an idiot every time he speaks.

    Obviously there are other qualities that are important. Being brilliant is essentially meaningless if it also means indecisive. But yes, I want politicians who hear all sides of arguments, consider all sides of arguments--UNDERSTAND all sides of arguments. Then make whatever choice they think is the best based on their intelligence and the knowledge they've just gained. I have no idea why we would settle for less, but we consistently do. There are certainly many others on both sides of the isle, but Bush would have to be the poster child for people with mediocre minds and no concern for expert opinion doing whatever they please without hearing from anybody who disagrees.

  32. Re:Any relation to Alex Chu? by Eponymous+Bastard · · Score: 2, Funny

    Just because it's a popular last name doesn't mean that everyone with the last name 'Chu' is sterile, you insensitie clod.

    Quite the opposite, I would think.

  33. Here is the difference by RazorSharp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    . . . between Obama and Bush. Bush appointed a professional politician (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Abraham) and then someone slightly more qualified, (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_W._Bodman), a venture capitalist who had attended MIT. Abraham had nothing to do with energy Bodman has done nothing but executive positions for the last thirty years. Obama chose someone who's really qualified and isn't financially tied to our current energy industries. Considering that the inauguration is tomorrow and this man is still hard at working trying to provide energy solutions only confirms what an excellent choice he is.

    The ineptitude of the Bush administration isn't just in the man himself, it was the slew of yes-men appointed to important positions that has made our government ineffective for the last eight years.

    --
    "From the depths of my skeptical and rationalist soul, I ask the Lord to protect me from California touchie-feeliedom."
  34. On a serious note... by volpe · · Score: 2, Insightful

    (This is the assumption that the m in F=ma and the m's in F= Gm1.m2/r^2 are the same thing).

    How can they *not* be the same? Aren't they sort of defined to be equal via the fudge-factor "G" in the second equation? If the m's were different, the value of G would just be adjusted to make them the same again, no?

    1. Re:On a serious note... by gargletheape · · Score: 2, Informative

      Fudge factor G: to say that m_inertial = G m_gravitational is to say that there's a linear relationship between them (and normally you think of G as the coupling constant and say m_i = m_g). A priori, there's no reason there had to be any sort of relationship between them, much less a polynomial or a linear one. Take for instance electric charge, where the analogue of m_gravitational is q_electric, which can be anything whatsoever, independent of m_inertial. It's the fact that there's a relationship at all - and that it's such a simple one - that is so bizarre, and which has led scientists from Galileo on to test the equality, made Newton confess he hadn't the foggiest why it might be true, and led Einstein to his Equivalence principle.

  35. not REALLY steve's work.... by opypod · · Score: 2, Informative

    i have to break it to y'all ... but this isn't really steve's work. of course he's a genius, but no one (including the press) has mentioned that the last author is Holger Mueller. in the (physical and biological) sciences there's a fairly well established protocol that the first author is the one who did the actual work and the last author is the leader of the project. of course, there's exceptions to the rule and these are always stated in the footnotes. i think this is an example of the press just trying to use someones name to get more attention.... as usual.