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Data Storage That Could Outlast the Human Race

Nerval's Lobster writes "Just in case you haven't been keeping up with the latest in five-dimensional digital data storage using femtocell-laser inscription, here's an update: it works. A team of researchers at the University of Southampton have demonstrated a way to record and retrieve as much as 360 terabytes of digital data onto a single disk of quartz glass in a way that can withstand temperatures of up to 1000 C and should keep the data stable and readable for up to a million years. 'It is thrilling to think that we have created the first document which will likely survive the human race,' said Peter Kazansky, professor of physical optoelectronics at the Univ. of Southampton's Optical Research Centre. 'This technology can secure the last evidence of civilization: all we've learnt will not be forgotten.' Leaving aside the question of how many Twitter posts and Facebook updates really need to be preserved longer than the human species, the technology appears to have tremendous potential for low-cost, long-term, high-volume archiving of enormous databanks. The quartz-glass technique relies on lasers pulsing one quadrillion times per second though a modulator that splits each pulse into 256 beams, generating a holographic image that is recorded on self-assembled nanostructures within a disk of fused-quartz glass. The data are stored in a five-dimensional matrix—the size and directional orientation of each nanostructured dot becomes dimensions four and five, in addition to the usual X, Y and Z axes that describe physical location. Files are written in three layers of dots, separated by five micrometers within a disk of quartz glass nicknamed 'Superman memory crystal' by researchers. (Hitachi has also been researching something similar.)"

44 of 231 comments (clear)

  1. Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by gweihir · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Or rather completely irrelevant. Nothing to see here except a few people that want attention. The issue with long-term storage is _not_ how to preserve the bits. It is how to preserve Reading equipment and, even more difficult, software that can read the data stored and transform it into something the user can read.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    1. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Wescotte · · Score: 3, Funny

      Dude, did you not read the article?! It's 5D!!!

    2. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Exactly. The concept of a post-apocalypse tribal society restoring mankinds' knowledge with femtocell lasers is hilarious.

    3. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by vikingpower · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Ah, you must be a data storage specialist, Sir. Probably you even have your own research lab doing R & D in exactly the direction these talented people work in, and you know all the relevant literature, went to the important conferences. Otherwise you would not, I trust, have emitted such a peremptory yet wise judgment ?

      --
      Religous speak to God. Insane are spoken to by God. When all shut up, one can finally hear Shostakovich in peace
    4. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Freshly+Exhumed · · Score: 2

      A post-apocalypse society of autodidactic polymaths with eidetic mentation would make short work of figuring it out.

      --
      I deny that I have not avoided attaining the opposite of that which I do not want.
    5. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by maroberts · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm happy with DD (2D?), but prefer C myself.

      --

      Donte Alistair Anderson Roberts - hi son!
      Karma: Chameleon

    6. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by shia84 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Who cares about a post-apocalypse tribal society on a pre-modern tech stage trying to restore mankinds' knowledge?
      Give them 10k more years and they'll manage to do it with femtocell lasers just fine. Or 50k years, it really doesn't matter, it simply shrinks compared to the idea that some cataclysm just wiped out all books accessible in the world, all professional knowledge, reading skills, parents-teaching-offspring, dozens of other information carrying media types (respectively it's usage knowledge) that would be around anyway etc. which could allow them to get up and running more quickly... but somehow left a few humans alive.

      This storage type is not meant for a post-apocalypse tribal society restoring mankinds' knowledge. But some of us would be happy if the now often unreadable magnetic records from 70 years ago would have been stored on something more durable.

    7. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Thanshin · · Score: 4, Funny

      The concept of a post-apocalypse tribal society restoring mankinds' knowledge with femtocell lasers is hilarious.

      Femtocell Sharks.

    8. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by DFurno2003 · · Score: 5, Funny

      He does have a 5 Digit id.

    9. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Alef · · Score: 2

      It is how to preserve Reading equipment and, even more difficult, software that can read the data stored and transform it into something the user can read.

      Oh, really? Well, in that case the equipment part must be trivial. Or what exactly do you think would be so difficult about reverse engineering a file format, in particular one that has been designed to be reverse engineered in the first place?

    10. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by SuricouRaven · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Software is no issue, you can just store a description of the algorithms in ASCII. Even if the ASCII standard is lost, a little frequency counting will be enough to rediscover it.

      A greater issue is keeping it readable to humans: In ten thousand years, English will probably be about as commonly-spoken as linear-A.

    11. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by gweihir · · Score: 2

      Ah, it is so nice to be appreciated and understood! Thank you!

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    12. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Kjella · · Score: 3, Funny

      Fucking A! (or is that illegal these days)

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    13. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Aboroth · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Researchers are used to overselling their discoveries all the time, to continue or get more funding. While they might be doing boring materials science, they have to come up with lots of pie-in-the-sky ideas about what their research could potentially be used for, if somebody can ever get enough engineers together to figure out the pesky implementation details. Geeks around here have heard promise after promise about revolutionary storage technology that goes nowhere precisely because of this drastic overselling to grab research money. It would be nice if the research system didn't force people to do this, but you can't be surprised by the skeptics of this given the nature of the beast.

      So no, I don't expect that the people who did this research care about the feasibility of the reading technology lasting as long as the data. Well, they probably care a little, but they did something and are going to brag about it as much as possible without focusing on the downsides or unfinished parts too much. It isn't their problem, they just do the research and sell it with hype, to get more money to do more research. The implementation and feasibility studies aren't their problem, that is, unless somebody gives them more money to do those things.

    14. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by UltraZelda64 · · Score: 2

      I don't think there are any laws against fucking up the ass, but you might want to check with your local government to make sure...

    15. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by somersault · · Score: 4, Funny

      This is Slashdot. Please trim the redundant branches from your joke code in future to aid readability:


      meme = find_matching_meme(post)

      if (meme && meme.category == funny_meme)
              return funny
      else
              return not_funny

      --
      which is totally what she said
    16. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by jythie · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Oh no! Not scientific research! How dare it not have immediate marketing applications!

    17. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by pantaril · · Score: 2

      The issue with long-term storage is _not_ how to preserve the bits

      This is wrong. For example with my collection of optical disks my problem is precisly how to preserve the bits. Reading equipment is non-issue.

    18. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Smallpond · · Score: 4, Funny

      But some of us would be happy if the now often unreadable magnetic records from 70 years ago would have been stored on something more durable.

      Because those TPS reports will make great reading?

    19. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      While they might be doing boring materials science, they have to come up with lots of pie-in-the-sky ideas about what their research could potentially be used for, if somebody can ever get enough engineers together to figure out the pesky implementation details. Geeks around here have heard promise after promise about revolutionary storage technology that goes nowhere precisely because of this drastic overselling to grab research money.

      We have gone from having a 3.5" surface that holds on average 1.4 million bytes or at most 2.8 million bytes - to a time where that same 3.5" of surface now holds upwards of 3 trillion bytes.

      That is hardly "goes no where"

      I for one am pretty thankful for our cheap and no less reliable 3 TB drives compared to the floppy disks of days past.

      I remember starting out with 5.25" floppies that were still actually floppy on the outside, holding 80 KB per side (140 KB if you flip the thing over manually), as a technology replacing audio tape cassette with seek times that are in many ways laughable today.
      There are others here who have lived with even older technologies and grew up very familiar with the storage problem on hardware I suspect you might not believe was ever as limited as it was.

      Just because some scientists never realized their ideas does not mean the entire storage field has gone no where over the years or that no scientist ever has.

    20. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by dywolf · · Score: 2

      Give them 10k more years and they'll manage to do it with femtocell lasers just fine. Or 50k years, it really doesn't matter,

      Assuming they even know to look in the first place, or even want to.
      It's not just the ability to restore the knowledge, it's also the inclination to even do so, and the benefit of doing so.

      First "Benefit": If they have to wait til they have the same tech we do now, then there isn't even any benefit, because they ALREADY have the same tech we do now. Thus there is no gain, there is no "knowledge to restore" becaue they already have the same knowledge. This is a fundamental problem with using the highest of the high tech to store the knowledge of some arbitrary "today". All they "gain" is a history book, and proof we existed, but OUR knowledge provides no actual benefit. Compared to finding a book or computer, or other "old tech", storing our knowledge that would allow leapfrogging of natural technological progress. Note that "they" will decode our knowledge regardless, because of the chance we knight speed their develpoment; but it's up to us to ensure that our recorded knowledge actually allows it to happen.

      Second, Inclination: This ties into the basis of the benefit concept: if they have to wait til they have the same leading edge tech as us, how will they even know that this oddly shaded glass discs are anything more than frisbees, or dinner plates, or art, let alone the sum of our civilization's knowledge? How will they even know to look? (Philisophically, how would we even know to look ourselves, at crystals buried in "rock" hundreds of thousands of years old or more?) This is largely a engineering/design problem, and somewhat easily surmountable, but still something to consider. Superman quartz crystals just look like bigger than average quartz crystals, and we can't garuntee the why or how of such a thing would be found. So it needs to really stick out and scream "I am special".

      So this tech is good (not saying its not): unlike books (exmaple) it doesnt require a lot of special precuations to survive a really long time. But, it's still not the end of the story. And if we keep developing better and better long term storage, always upgrading to the "best of the best" to store our knowledge wont necessarily provide a net benefit to the future society, by allowing the hypotehtical future society to easily leapfrog their natural technological developement.

      --
      The guy who said the election was rigged won the presidency with the second-most votes.
    21. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by shadowrat · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There is more to back up than technical knowledge. We've bypassed the technology of the mayans and other ancient supercultures (assuming you aren't buying into the ideas that they had alien tech and stuff), but we still have an interest in learning about them. I know slashdot is a crowd obsessed with tech over culture, but cultural knowledge is valuable. TFS jokes about it, but honestly, backing up facebook would probably be incredibly interesting to a future civilization.

    22. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

      Ql'kNe[sound-that-cannot-be-produced-by-puny-human-mouths]35 What've you found there? It's kinda pretty.

      zW`[sound-that-cannot-be-heard-by-puny-human-ears]&3Ü12 Don't know, but it picks up the reflections off my scales really well. I might make it into cufflinks.

      Ql'kNe[sound-that-cannot-be-produced-by-puny-human-mouths]35 Bah, don't talk to me about cufflinks. I get a triad from my metaspouse every hatching orbital position commemoration. He-she's got no bloody imagination in either head.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    23. Re:Another "magic" storage tech. BS, as usual. by grantspassalan · · Score: 2

      You forgot step 4, that is to include the equivalent of a Rosetta Stone to help those in the distant future derive meaning from all that stored data. The Babylonians and ancient Egyptians came up with data storage that is quite durable and does not need any special equipment in order to read it.

      --
      A sufficiently advanced simulation is indistinguishable from reality.
  2. Rosetta Stone by blackicye · · Score: 3, Insightful

    They could also deeply engrave rocks and stone tablets and for really important messages mountains and other large surfaces.

    Worked pretty well for the ancients.

    1. Re:Rosetta Stone by RivenAleem · · Score: 2

      Yeah, but that only lasts a few thousand years, and it also suffers the same problems that we have now, in that interpreting that data is the job of specialists, not the common person.

    2. Re:Rosetta Stone by mythix · · Score: 2

      The quartz-glass technique relies on lasers pulsing one quadrillion times per second though a modulator that splits each pulse into 256 beams, generating a holographic image that is recorded on self-assembled nanostructures within a disk of fused-quartz glass.

      now THAT is something the common person will be able to read!

  3. In the distant future... by BeerCat · · Score: 4, Funny

    Archeologists find one of these pieces of quartz, and then (through a lifetime's study) work out that they are not just pretty baubles, but are actually data storage devices. The excitement builds. Whole teams of researchers devote their life to the task of decoding the message - after all, the Rosetta Stone gave a lot of incite into the ancients - and then finally, the day comes when someone has worked it all out:

    99 crystals contain cat pictures

    1 of them contains the instructions on how to build the reader

    And, tucked into one small segment of one of the crystals, almost as an afterthought, the digitised Bodlean Library, and the Library of Congress. Pity that bit was a bit chipped...

    --
    "She's furniture with a pulse"
    1. Re:In the distant future... by Issarlk · · Score: 4, Funny

      You forgot the crystal containing the FBI warnings about piracy.

  4. One Million Years Later by Arancaytar · · Score: 4, Funny

    "It has not been discovered what these disc-shaped glass objects were intended to symbolize, but it is now believed that they served either as ceremonial ornaments or a crude form of currency."

    1. Re:One Million Years Later by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Other experts opinionated that since it's round it obviously represents a solar symbol or a related deity.
      The disc was probably worn on the priest head or served as a mirror in certain rituals. The carvings on the box in which it was found clearly show a ray of light hitting the surface of the disc and the writings on the same box must also carry some sort of numerologist significance.

      Pseudo-scientists claim that the level of machine work needed to produce such discs is close to our current space-age technology but independent experts have been unable to find proof for this, really fine sand seems to have been used.

  5. Storing bits and ways to read them by GeekWithAKnife · · Score: 2


    So I don't know about this latest and greatest storage tech but I have a few ideas of my own...Rock. Rock can last a long time. Of course chiseling information into rock is not really a viable option for gigabyte scale information storage, let alone the petabytes required...

    I propose storing the data in whatever medium is most likely to be preserved & the instructions on how to read the media be chiseled into rock. Those same instructions could be used to decompress a small subset of information to give further instructions on how to create a device that can read the rest of the data.

    I suggest rock because it's cheap and durable...of course there are other, more durable materials out there...

    --
    A 'singular oddity' is an event that cannot be explained and only happens when you are alone.
  6. Oblig. Men in Black quote by shikaisi · · Score: 2

    Guess I'll have to buy the White Album again...

    --
    No left turn unstoned.
  7. Halfway there by Arancaytar · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Now we just need to build a license server that will operate for a million years, so the DRM-encrypted data will still be readable.

  8. Re:But is it... by lxs · · Score: 2

    They could never keep up their schedule of yearly security breaches for millions of years.

  9. Double your storage capacity! by clickety6 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Apparently if you chip out a small square of quartz from the top edge, you can flip the disk over and store another 360 Terrabytes on the other side. The manaufacturers don't want you knowing this, of course, as they want to sell 720 TB stroage at a premium price.

    --
    ----------------------------------- My Other Sig Is Hilarious -----------------------------------
  10. Re:Really? by Sockatume · · Score: 3, Funny

    came to the conclusion that permanence doesn't exist in the world. [...] informed Western and Eastern thought to this very day

    Yeah, no permanence there.

    --
    No kidding!!! What do you say at this point?
  11. Wow, that's amazing! by VortexCortex · · Score: 3, Insightful

    A millions years from now, the first new sentient evolutionary forms that discover the fallen towers of we the ancient gods will proudly hold these precious disks up to the light. Holograms dense with data will dance within the crystalline structures before their eyes. In their grasp will be the records of our progress -- all our science and forewarnings of its power, high definition videos of escapades among the stars, and the description of a state machine to decode it. They will have in their possession an invaluable source for goodness guiding a maddening leap from their understanding to ours that they may forge a society greater still than our own...
    And they'll make down right amazing discoveries day after day in necklace design from each and every one.

  12. Rosetta Disk by handy_vandal · · Score: 4, Informative
    See also Rosetta Disk:

    The Rosetta Disk is the physical companion of the Rosetta Digital Language Archive, and a prototype of one facet of The Long Now Foundation's 10,000-Year Library. The Rosetta Disk is intended to be a durable archive of human languages, as well as an aesthetic object that suggests a journey of the imagination across culture and history. We have attempted to create a unique physical artifact which evokes the great diversity of human experience as well as the incredible variety of symbolic systems we have constructed to understand and communicate that experience.

    The Disk surface shown here, meant to be a guide to the contents, is etched with a central image of the earth and a message written in eight major world languages: “Languages of the World: This is an archive of over 1,500 human languages assembled in the year 02008 C.E. Magnify 1,000 times to find over 13,000 pages of language documentation.” The text begins at eye-readable scale and spirals down to nano-scale. This tapered ring of languages is intended to maximize the number of people that will be able to read something immediately upon picking up the Disk, as well as implying the directions for using it—‘get a magnifier and there is more.’

    On the reverse side of the disk from the globe graphic are over 13,000 microetched pages of language documentation. Since each page is a physical rather than digital image, there is no platform or format dependency. Reading the Disk requires only optical magnification. Each page is .019 inches, or half a millimeter, across. This is about equal in width to 5 human hairs, and can be read with a 650X microscope (individual pages are clearly visible with 100X magnification).

    The 13,000 pages in the collection contain documentation on over 1500 languages gathered from archives around the world. For each language we have several categories of data—descriptions of the speech community, maps of their location(s), and information on writing systems and literacy. We also collect grammatical information including descriptions of the sounds of the language, how words and larger linguistic structures like sentences are formed, a basic vocabulary list (known as a “Swadesh List”), and whenever possible, texts. Many of our texts are transcribed oral narratives. Others are translations such as the beginning chapters of the Book of Genesis or the UN Declaration of Human Rights.

    Source: The Rosetta Project

    --
    -kgj
  13. Re:five-dimensional ? by Superdarion · · Score: 2

    It's 3 spatial dimensions + Size and Orientation of the molecules, all of which they can measure. They could have avoided ambiguity by using "Degrees of Freedom" instead of "dimensions" but 5D is quite catchy.

  14. Thinking outside the box... by Richard+Kirk · · Score: 2

    Simple way to achieve this with conventional media. Destroy mankind!

  15. 3.5D by tom17 · · Score: 2

    I'd still be inclined to call this 2.5D or 3D at a stretch. Use of the terminology 'dimension' usually implies the ability to make use of that dimension an arbitrary amount. So X & Y can be as big as you can make the surface. That is your 2 true dimensions.

    The Z, in this case, is only '3 layers'. Maybe in the future that can be an arbitrary size, but for now it's just 3 layers. Not really a full 'dimension'. Once they can go arbitrarily large in Z, then you can call it 3D.

    As for 4 & 5 (size and orientation), there can only be a certain number of sizes and orientations that each bit could represent. Really this is just changing the storage from Base 2 (Or Base 10 to be /. pedantic) to Base N where N = number of orientations * number of sizes. Certainly a good idea, but it should, in my opinion, not be called a dimension. We could have really big values of N, but then it would be more analogous to analogue storage. I guess you could consider it as a dimension at that point, possibly, maybe.

    Bah it's all just marketing anyway, right?

    I will make one with dot colour as a factor. SIX DEE STORAGE!!!!

  16. Re:ummm ... showing your ignorance by Holi · · Score: 2

    etch it in stone, it worked for the Egyptians.

    --
    Sorry, teleporters just kill you and then make a copy. A perfect, soul-less copy.
  17. Re:Longer than the human race? by Teresita · · Score: 2

    A million years from now lawyers for SCO will claim the quartz crystal contains their precious proprietary code from Unix and demand a 700 credit per seat license from the archaologists plus their signature on a non-disclosure agreement.