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How Oakland Is Turning Into an Art and Maker Mecca

First time accepted submitter Kevin Lee writes "The maker scene is taking off in Oakland with towering industrial art, that at times stands 70 feet high, and DIY business that made locally created goods by hand. But while this is a flourishing creative environment is popping off with new ideas, there's a battle in Oakland that could pave over this rich community with new residential housing. The Oakland Makers is a new initiative by artists and makers that hopes revitalize Oakland as a new advanced manufacturing hub and city that thrives on the making culture."

75 of 109 comments (clear)

  1. Oakland by puddingebola · · Score: 1

    Maybe they can make some affordable housing, seem to be alot of accusations of gentrification when I read about Oakland.

    1. Re:Oakland by bad-badtz-maru · · Score: 1

      Or, in most cases - moving in better-funded targets for the thugs, who are displaced 2 blocks away.

    2. Re:Oakland by Darinbob · · Score: 1

      There are spots in SF where they are opposed to street sweeping as it's a gateway to gentrification.

    3. Re:Oakland by triffid_98 · · Score: 1

      We had affordable housing in this country for a couple years. Everybody BITCHED about it! Fucking idiots. "STOP FORECLOSURES"??? You fucking dummies. You should have started foreclosures. Instead of keeping granny in her overinflated box paying the existing mortgage, help her walk away and get a new mortgage on some other house that was also foreclosed. But NooooO. You played right into the bankers hands, helped keep houses off the market, helped keep prices high, helped keep her higher debt slavery.

      Certainly Not I. I bitched that they bailed out the banks holding the mortgage loans on all of those houses. If they hadn't, banks would have had to immediately sell the foreclosed homes at CURRENT MARKET VALUE.

      As it was we had the worst of both worlds, banksters get a free pass for destroying the economy (since they could then hold on to those properties until prices improved, thanks in no small part to 0% government loans) and all the 'little people' still lose their homes (since they couldn't refinance to those loan rates due to being heavily underwater and/or they lost their jobs during the ensuing meltdown and jobless recovery)

  2. Wow, Oakland must have changed by TWiTfan · · Score: 1, Funny

    The last time I was there, there was a rich community of wannabe rap artists, con artists, and pimping artists.

    --
    The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
    1. Re:Wow, Oakland must have changed by hoboroadie · · Score: 1

      I haven't been around in years but the artists I knew weren't exactly wannabes. Or rich I once saw a friend polishing a big metal bean that looked weirdly artistic.

      --
      They feared that it could be used to suppress protest or support unpopular rule.
    2. Re:Wow, Oakland must have changed by MalleusEBHC · · Score: 1

      In short, it has. The article briefly touches on this, and it was also discussed here a few weeks ago. All these people are getting pushed out of SF because of the rising cost of living, and that's having a smaller gentrification effect on Oakland. It's by no means completely changed, but I fully expect to be reading stories in a few years that are basically copy/pasted with s/San Francisco/Oakland.

  3. Hey, help us out here. by catfood · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There are quite a few cities named Oakland and the references to steel sculptures made suburban Pittsburgh sound reasonable.

    It's about seven paragraphs in that they tell us which Oakland they're talking about: "Oakland is also more affordable than San Francisco, its bigger, more glamorous sibling across the Bay."

    Oh. Thanks.

    1. Re:Hey, help us out here. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      Summary should have just said "The one where you'll get shot for your sneakers".

    2. Re:Hey, help us out here. by h4rr4r · · Score: 2

      It is by far the most famous one.
      Unless you live in Pittsburgh no one would ever think of that one.

    3. Re:Hey, help us out here. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Actually, most of what outsiders think of when they think about Pittsburgh (aside from the sports teams) is in Oakland. While it's not the hub of the city it certainly is one of the best neighborhoods. And it is known for being the art community of Pittsburgh if you can consider any place in Pittsburgh to have an art community. But you know, unless you live in Pittsburgh you'd never even think twice about the community unless you're one of the thousands of students that graduate from Pitt or CMU... both of whom are also housed in Oakland.

      And while the Oakland you speak of is more famous it is reasonable to think that someone would point out what state it's in. It's really not asking a lot.

    4. Re:Hey, help us out here. by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 2

      I live in the same state as Pittsburgh, have numerous friends and co-workers from there. My brother attended Carnegie Mellon where I visited him on more than one occasion. And I have never heard of this Oakland of which you speak. None of which is an attempt to say that it does not exist, merely that no one outside of the Pittsburgh area is familiar with it.

      --
      The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted. James Madison
    5. Re:Hey, help us out here. by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      You're not asking a lot, you're just asking a lot more than is necessary.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    6. Re:Hey, help us out here. by catfood · · Score: 1

      Pittsburgh is a pretty solid arts town, and considering how prominently steel sculpture figures into the story? The writer and editors forgot their national and global audience. They need to get out more.

    7. Re:Hey, help us out here. by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

      I lived in PA for years. I have never until today known of this Oakland you are writing about. I bet basically no one who lives outside Pittsburgh knows it exists.

      Do you really expect all articles to be written for those who live in your city?

    8. Re:Hey, help us out here. by catfood · · Score: 1

      Apparently clear writing is considered "a lot more than is necessary" these days.

      Why be ambiguous when clarity requires one more word?

    9. Re:Hey, help us out here. by invid · · Score: 1

      When I hear Oakland I think of O-fries.

      --
      The Moore-Murphy Law: The number of things that will go wrong will double every 2 years.
    10. Re:Hey, help us out here. by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

      If you can't figure out that when someone mentions a city without a state it is most likely the most famous one you can't be helped.

      When I say Paris, do you think of the one in France or the one in Texas? When I say London do you think Ontario or England? It is normal to not include the state/province/nation when referencing the most famous city to bear a name.

    11. Re:Hey, help us out here. by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

      Oh bullshit.
      No one outside Philly knows it exists, just like no one outside Buffalo knows where West Seneca, Depew, or Orchard Park are. They are the Buffalo Bills, not the Orchard Park Bills.

    12. Re:Hey, help us out here. by Yebyen · · Score: 1

      Lancaster, Cheektowaga, 716 represent!

      --
      Restating the obvious since nineteen aught five.
    13. Re:Hey, help us out here. by pspahn · · Score: 3, Interesting

      In The Rebels of Oakland (a great documentary by the way) Tom Hanks has a wonderful quote about the city that I can only paraphrase:

      You can go anywhere in the world and tell someone you're from Oakland, and people will respond by saying "oh, you mean where the Raiders play"... Yes... That's exactly where Oakland is. It's where the Raiders play.

      Nobody knows about Oakland, PA in the same sense that nobody knows about Pittsburg, CA.

      --
      Someone flopped a steamer in the gene pool.
    14. Re:Hey, help us out here. by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 1

      Lancaster, Cheektowaga, 716 represent!

      SaaLUTE!

    15. Re:Hey, help us out here. by MightyYar · · Score: 1

      The fact that you supposedly visited one of the most remarkable colleges in the United States and you have never head of the neighbor that it is wholly housed in speaks more about what kind of person you are than what kind of neighborhood Oakland is.

      Carnegie Mellon is in Squirrel Hill North.

      --
      W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
    16. Re:Hey, help us out here. by rgmoore · · Score: 1

      You're being unreasonable. An unqualified reference to Oakland made to a general audience is almost always to the one in California, just as an unqualified reference to Paris is the capital of France, and an unqualified reference to Manhattan is the one in New York.

      --

      There's no point in questioning authority if you aren't going to listen to the answers.

    17. Re:Hey, help us out here. by GoatCheez · · Score: 1

      Today I Learned that there is an Oakland near Pittsburgh.

    18. Re:Hey, help us out here. by pspahn · · Score: 1
      --
      Someone flopped a steamer in the gene pool.
  4. "Maker" isn't a thing by Gothmolly · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "Maker" is a non-concept. "Locally created goods by hand" is what people have done since the cavemen. Just because you build something, but you blog about it or post instagram pictures about it, doesn't make this anything new, or interesting. You're not a "maker" if you build a table or a bicycle or a RaspberriPi-powered toaster, you're just a guy who builds tables or bicycles or toasters.

    --
    I want to delete my account but Slashdot doesn't allow it.
    1. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by somersault · · Score: 3, Informative

      The majority of people are pure consumers these days, so I don't see that big of a deal in coining a word for hobbyists who like to build things.

      --
      which is totally what she said
    2. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by h4rr4r · · Score: 2

      The idea is that these folks are not simply consumers and would like to be grouped. The group maker includes guy who makes bicycles and guy who makes toasters, but neither of those includes the other.

    3. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Oligonicella · · Score: 3, Interesting

      To correct your view a touch: the majority of *urban* people are pure consumers. Out here in the boons, it's still the standard way of life. Everyone welds, constructs, fixes and "makes".

    4. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Oligonicella · · Score: 1

      It's an offshoot of the concept that ***the process*** is what's important in art, not the resultant quality. I agree, "maker" is a general and too vague to be worthwhile title title in and of itself.

      You can make a table out of a piece of plywood and four posts, but that doesn't make you a furniture maker. "Maker" seems (like in art) just a way to sidestep the term craft.

    5. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by TWiTfan · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but then how would the hipsters distinguish themselves from the boring old guys who don't shop in exclusive used clothing stores to make it look like they're not trying to be hip?

      --
      The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
    6. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by h4rr4r · · Score: 4, Funny

      Bullshit. I have lived in the boonies, they just drive to the nearest wal-mart.

    7. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by somersault · · Score: 1

      I wouldn't say the majority of people in the countryside are all good mechanics either. More than in the city, but not the majority. At least, not here in the UK.

      --
      which is totally what she said
    8. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by mcmonkey · · Score: 1

      It's this generation of precious snowflakes. Everything they do is "special".

      This story reminds me of the link (it was either or on fark) to a web log entry someone had written about putting tea bags and water in a glass jar and leaving it in the sun to brew. Apparently the same people who will complain about a system that takes an old idea and adds "web" or "mobile" and treats it as new have no problem with taking an old idea and putting it in a "blog" and treating it as new. I guess for some people something doesn't exist until there's a blog about it.

      You're not a "maker" if you build a table or a bicycle or a RaspberriPi-powered toaster, you're just a guy who builds tables or bicycles or toasters.

      QFT.

    9. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by pspahn · · Score: 1

      To correct your view a touch: The majority of *sub-urban* people are pure consumers. Here in the city, it's still the standard way of life. Everyone buys stuff from thrift stores, has a community vegetable garden, and rides a bike to work.

      --
      Someone flopped a steamer in the gene pool.
    10. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by NJRoadfan · · Score: 2

      The boring old guys distinguish themselves from the hipsters by having a job and responsibilities.

    11. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by DerekLyons · · Score: 2

      Spot on. But 'Maker' is the current buzzword de jour.

      But for the most part, it seems what these folks are creating isn't handmade goods in the traditional sense, but art pieces. So really, this article seems to mostly be a song-and-dance I've heard a hundred times before, all across the country - "keep cheap rent and rundown buildings and somehow magic will happen and the artists will bring honor and glory and gold to the city".

      I can't recall offhand a single case in which this has turned out to be true.

    12. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by xaxa · · Score: 1

      I wouldn't say the majority of people in the countryside are all good mechanics either. More than in the city, but not the majority. At least, not here in the UK.

      That just depends on the city. London and NYC are full of people who skim money while moving bits of paper around, but that's not because they're cities.

      I reckon Birmingham UK (or Detroit USA) have more good mechanics than average.

    13. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by timeOday · · Score: 1

      It's this generation of precious snowflakes. Everything they do is "special".

      That cliche is at least two generations old.

    14. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Princeofcups · · Score: 1

      "Maker" is a non-concept.

      "Maker" and "cloud" are two words that make me cringe whenever I read/hear them. Don't get me started on "meme."

      --
      The only thing worse than a Democrat is a Republican.
    15. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Sir_Eptishous · · Score: 1

      Out here in the boons, it's still the standard way of life. Everyone welds, constructs, fixes and "makes".

      I've lived in the boons also, and what you describe is HOW IT USED TO BE. With the advent of ubiquitous gaming, computers and digital entertainments of all forms, less and less of the younger generation "make" anymore, and an others comment about going to Wal-Mart is right on the money. Just because you live in a small town doesn't mean you can "make" anything.

      You're more likely to "build" a Facebook profile...

      --
      We play the game with the bravery of being out of range
    16. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Sir_Eptishous · · Score: 1

      Yep.

      It started with youth sports where "everyone is a winner", then was amplified ad infinitum via our Lord and Savior The Internet.
      Now get the fuck off my lawn.

      --
      We play the game with the bravery of being out of range
    17. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Sir_Eptishous · · Score: 1

      It's analogous to the current "ubran homesteading" hype. I've been growing gardens in my backyards for years, but now it's all of a sudden trendy and hip to grow a garden.

      --
      We play the game with the bravery of being out of range
    18. Re:"Maker" isn't a thing by Darinbob · · Score: 1

      It's easier to get more retweets if you use #maker hashtag.

  5. Bad summary by DogDude · · Score: 1

    The article is not about "a new advanced manufacturing hub". It's about a bunch of artists.

    --
    I don't respond to AC's.
    1. Re:Bad summary by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      Artists? Ponces.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  6. Re:West Oakland by hoboroadie · · Score: 1

    I don't know about this gentrification you speak of, but the air coming in through the Golden Gate is pretty damn sweet, if you're not downwind of the sewage treatment plant or some derelict bum.
    You talking about Rockridge or something? All of the wealthy areas I can think of have always been wealthy. Seriously wealthy in some of my favorite places.

    --
    They feared that it could be used to suppress protest or support unpopular rule.
  7. Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by Virtucon · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I say there's more fertile ground for change in Detroit where they could really use the boost.

    1) Housing is cheap, dirt cheap.
    2) The government would welcome anything at this point to bring in new sources of industry and technology. Flight out of Greater Detroit has left a vacuum of fresh ideas and people.
    3) There's a willing labor force who would jump at any opportunity.

    Oakland is fine but we also need to stop concentrating on areas that are already prosperous and assist other areas that can use our help.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  8. Maker scene by rossdee · · Score: 4, Funny

    I thought that a Maker was a term used by Fremen to refer to the giant sandworms of Arrakis

    1. Re:Maker scene by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      No, Maker is a title and the word recognized by Fremen when used by Outfreyn exploiting the work of the Missionaria Protectiva. Shai-hulud is the term Fremen use.

      So, when they start talking about the Shai-hulud of Oakland, then I'll pay attention.

      (And that's why I'll never get laid....)

  9. Re:stop posting art student crap please /. by TWiTfan · · Score: 1

    You wouldn't post stories about a coding 101 project or something would you?

    Unfortunately, yeah they have.

    --
    The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
  10. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by TWiTfan · · Score: 2

    But would I have to live in Detroit?

    --
    The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
  11. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

    1) How much of it is not in ruins?
    2) They can't even afford enough dog catchers, how would they deal with new citizens?

  12. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    Life is full of compromises.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  13. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    1) They bulldoze down most of the ruins. There are huge tracts of land already available with streets and utilities at hand. Think of it as a blank canvas.
    2) Detroit had millions of people in it, they can handle a few hundred or a few thousand. They have access to transportation infrastructure: Air, Rail, Sea and Michigan has a huge workforce development program. I think if you were going to do small scale manufacturing the labor costs and economic incentives would be hard to resist.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  14. Re:Hipster central... by Megane · · Score: 1

    Nah, then they'd just use the radiation to make the whole neighborhood glow in the dark.

    --
    #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
  15. Maker Culture Killed by Start Up Culture by Koreantoast · · Score: 1

    There is an irony that this thriving maker culture is being threatened by its cousin, the Silicon Valley start up culture, which is driving the massive spike in cost of living across the region.

    1. Re:Maker Culture Killed by Start Up Culture by Darinbob · · Score: 1

      No, SF is much much more expensive than silicon valley, and there's not that many start ups in the city itself except for some low tech media oriented stuff like twitter. "Start ups" are also not rich, the vast majority of them go bust and no one makes money at them unless they remembered to ask for a salary instead of stock options. SF is a big legal and financial hub which is which drives a lot of the money that's floating around.

  16. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by DerekLyons · · Score: 1

    Detroit's climate sucks, and it isn't as "cool" as California.

  17. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    You mean not as many hippies and reprobates as in California? I was talking about the state and local government, not the people.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  18. Whatever you do... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    ...don't come to Oakland. It's terrible here. There is no good food or good bars. There is no good place to see live shows. The weather is terrible. All this space and open parking is just too much for normal city people. Also, with San Francisco right next door you should really just go there because it's a great city with so much to offer. Besides..you'll probably get shot if you come to Oakland..right? That's what the headlines say...and you should really trust what the media says.

    But seriously..don't come here...I like it the way it is and don't want everyone messing it up with their bad attitudes.

    1. Re:Whatever you do... by PCM2 · · Score: 1

      But seriously..don't come here...I like it the way it is and don't want everyone messing it up with their bad attitudes.

      Oh, the irony.

      How about this one: All these people who have been fleeing San Francisco because of the ridiculously high rents are just doing to Oakland what they've been bitching about "rich yuppies" doing to San Francisco for years. Meanwhile, Oakland is a city with a long history, was a pivotal hub of the civil rights movement, has traditionally been home to generations of families (mostly black), and now all of the people who have called the East Bay their home for decades are being pushed out because all of these young, affluent white twentysomethings are moving there and pushing the locals out. Many of them just moved here a few years ago and have no real connection to Oakland or the Bay Area in general (other than writing articles and blog posts about how AMAZING the Oakland arts scene is) and their so-called cultural renaissance is really just classic market-driven gentrification, displacing the culture that was already there in favor of something totally manufactured and transient. The New Oaklanders will all move away eventually, leaving nothing behind but a bunch of rusty steel sculptures and higher rents. But call me cynical.

      --
      Breakfast served all day!
    2. Re:Whatever you do... by Sir_Eptishous · · Score: 1

      Many of them just moved here a few years ago and have no real connection to Oakland or the Bay Area in general (other than writing articles and blog posts about how AMAZING the Oakland arts scene is) and their so-called cultural renaissance is really just classic market-driven gentrification, displacing the culture that was already there in favor of something totally manufactured and transient.

      Bingo...

      My dad was born in Oakland, raised in The City. My dads side of the family left SF years ago because of the cost of living, etc; Many of them don't even live in the BA anymore...
      Almost no one who live in SF is from there, let alone California.

      --
      We play the game with the bravery of being out of range
    3. Re:Whatever you do... by xevioso · · Score: 1

      I won't go there. I live across the bay in SF, and I know better. What the above article doesn't mention is the fact that Oakland is #1 in the nation for robberies. #1. Now that is saying something,

      http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_23191895/oakland-robbery-capital-america?source=pkg

      Oaklanders endured one robbery for every 91 residents last year. That not only was the city's highest robbery rate in two decades, it was the highest of any major American city since 2000.

      You have a complete idiot for a mayor, who doesn't know anything about how to manage and police a large city, and businesses are leaving in droves because of it. And your criminals BART over into the city and cause mayhem here out in my neighborhood, and then go back.

      But you have a few nice bars downtown. And the Paramount and Fox theaters are nice.

  19. Re:Oakland? Nope, Detroit would be better. by triffid_98 · · Score: 1

    Is Detroit really all that different from Oakland, other than the weather?

    They're both virtually bankrupt cities full of rampant crime and poor people. One has just gone from virtually bankrupt to actually bankrupt.

  20. Affrordable housing by kpoole55 · · Score: 2

    Best pay attention to that "affordable housing" philosophy happening in Oakland. We're suffering the same process here in Vancouver, Canada. Whole neighbourhoods of single family homes are planned to be demolished to make room for 8 story and higher apartment towers. The main problem is that when you're planning to rebuild whole neighbourhoods, it's not sufficient to just build as lots become available by buying out the owners or as the older owners die or move into seniors care. We've already had some properties expropriated from their owners to make their land available to the developers building the new apartments. Make sure this is clear, this is not expropriation for projects for the common good but expropriation to help a developer make money under the guise of "sustainable and affordable" development.

    Look up ICLEI, and how it's directing the community planning policies in your area. If you're in one of the brighter areas that have withdrawn from ICLEI, make sure your by-laws and zoning policies have been cleared of the ICLEI influence.

    1. Re:Affrordable housing by HungWeiLo · · Score: 1

      Vancouver's real estate market is nuts.

      A friend of mine owns a single family home 2 houses from a fire station, on a major 4-lane boulevard, under the Sky Train, and in a neighborhood known for break-ins.

      He just sold for $950,000 to a condo developer.

      --
      There are a huge number of yeast infections in this county. Probably because we're downriver from the bread factory.
  21. Nope by ThatsNotPudding · · Score: 1

    I thought that a Maker was a term used by Fremen to refer to the giant sandworms of Arrakis.

    Nope. It's a reference to the top diety in the Centauri belief system.

    1. Re:Nope by neminem · · Score: 1

      No, it's a term used by American frontiersmen to refer to people with skills particularly suited to fighting against the god of entropy, The Unmaker.

  22. Yeah, Detroit, Too! by Baldrson · · Score: 1

    Snark.

  23. Only if they're sports fans. by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 1

    You can go anywhere in the world and tell someone you're from Oakland, and people will respond by saying "oh, you mean where the Raiders play"

    You couldn't do that where I grew up unless you happened to be talking to a rabid professional sports fan. "Oakland" was Oakland MI, a large, and often newsworthy, suburb of Detroit.

    --
    Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  24. Re:stop posting art student crap please /. by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

    Sure. There's something about Windows 8 or Gnome 3 almost every day.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  25. Re:War on * by hoboroadie · · Score: 1

    The Job Creators have got our Fearless Leaders hard on the job to prevent any sort of remedy, but keep voting, as if it mattered. I'd mod you up, if I hadn't already posted, but you nailed it. (One little slice of it, anyway.) This is the unintended result of democracy, with the cheaters securely on top.

    --
    They feared that it could be used to suppress protest or support unpopular rule.
  26. God help us by hoboroadie · · Score: 1

    In extremis we can RTFA?

    --
    They feared that it could be used to suppress protest or support unpopular rule.