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Goldman Suspends 4 Senior Tech Specialists After Trading Glitch

First time accepted submitter sbjornda writes "A glitch in an internal system led to erroneous trades on some funds whose listings begin with the letters H through L. Goldman Sachs has put four Senior Technology Specialists on administrative leave as a result. From the article: 'The system, called a "trading axis," monitors the Wall Street bank's inventory to determine whether it should be a more aggressive buyer or seller in the market. But a technical error misinterpreted non-binding indications of interest, or IOIs, as firm bids and offers, leading to some trades that were vastly out of line with where market prices were, Reuters reported previously, citing a source familiar with the matter.'"

140 comments

  1. Let me get this straight by Noxal · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Some high profile companies/people fucked up and lost money, so the market shut down.

    Why didn't it shut down when I lost money in the stock market? Oh right, $1500 isn't enough for me to matter.

    I'm sure I'm wrong on this. Someone correct me!

    1. Re:Let me get this straight by olsmeister · · Score: 5, Informative

      This didn't cause the market to shut down. It may have caused GS to lose some money.

    2. Re:Let me get this straight by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Some high profile companies/people fucked up and lost money, so the market shut down.

      Why didn't it shut down when I lost money in the stock market? Oh right, $1500 isn't enough for me to matter.

      I'm sure I'm wrong on this. Someone correct me!

      When your loss can trigger a sell wave, they'll shut the market down to investigate. The market wasn't shut down because GS lost money, but because something was obviously systematically wrong, and they wanted to figure out what it was before allowing more trades. Once they found out what it was, they could have brought everything back up, as it was just a bad algorithm used by a single (large) trader.

      it's kind of like if you get hit with a pebble vs hearing a loud rumbling sound and getting pelted with pebbles -- you're more likely to vacate the area and then investigate in the second instance, even if it's the same monkey hitting you with multiple pebbles.

    3. Re:Let me get this straight by localman57 · · Score: 4, Funny

      In the grand scheme of things, though, it isn't that much money. Their plan to blow up a nursing home, for instance, won't be affected by the loss.

    4. Re:Let me get this straight by erroneus · · Score: 0

      Wait'll you see what Las Vegas does when I go there and lose a butt-load of money!

      They just give it all back and then some for making me wait for so long.

    5. Re:Let me get this straight by Jayfar · · Score: 5, Informative

      Some high profile companies/people fucked up and lost money, so the market shut down.

      Er no, this was an unrelated glitch with Goldman 2 days *before* last weeks Nasdaq shutdown.

    6. Re:Let me get this straight by sjames · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And it just happens that it provides a great way for the 1% to remain the 1% while bleeding everyone else dry.

      It's a good argument for not allowing any legal fiction to be too big to fail (or jail).

    7. Re:Let me get this straight by geekoid · · Score: 1

      No. Their was a software glitch that halted trading.

      I mean, they're out to get YOU, man.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    8. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're confusing the Nasdaq shut down with the Goldman loss. They were unrelated and occurred on different days.

    9. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Err... NO. If Goldman had a computer glitch that caused erroneous trades, that's their fault and they should lose money for that and the market SHOULD go down, and trigger sell waves or whatever. Nobody else gets do-overs, neither should Goldman.

    10. Re:Let me get this straight by TWiTfan · · Score: 1

      Why was this modded flamebait?

      --
      The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
    11. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because Slashdot's moderation system is ineffective.

    12. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why was this modded flamebait?

      because the moderation won't correct itself until someone posts this question.

      I've been meaning to experiment and see what happens to my comments if I post this in reply to comments that score low but aren't actually modded flamebait....

    13. Re:Let me get this straight by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 2

      Err... NO. If Goldman had a computer glitch that caused erroneous trades, that's their fault and they should lose money for that and the market SHOULD go down, and trigger sell waves or whatever. Nobody else gets do-overs, neither should Goldman.

      There's no do-over here; the system was halted, it wasn't reversed. All those trades went through, and can't be reverted. But they didn't know what caused it until they investigated, and they aren't going to let people continue trading when something fishy might be going on.

      This is the way it's designed* to work

      *albeit designed by those who profit from the system -- a circular thing, as anyone who profits under the current system becomes one of the "big guys" and has a vested interest in perpetuating the system that makes them money.

    14. Re:Let me get this straight by slick7 · · Score: 1

      That's easy, someone other than Goldman Sachs profited from the glitch and there was no way possible for them to recoup their losses through taxpayer money approved by their bought dog CONgressMEN.

      --
      The mind conceives, the body achieves, the spirit manifests.
    15. Re:Let me get this straight by lgw · · Score: 4, Informative

      Goldman Sacks should never be confused with 1%ers They're the 0.000001%ers. The regulators that are supposed to regulate GS? Mostly former or future GS employees (or both). If the people who decided to suspend trading weren't GS employees once, they will be soon.

      The 1% is doctors, lawyers, and successful small business owners, who have just as much power here as you do. It's a bad term if you want to discuss the one company that owns more of the government than anyone else!

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    16. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The market wasn't shut down because GS lost money, but because something was obviously systematically wrong.

      What system went wrong? Not the exchange's systems. The systems within individual houses. That is their own fault. They deserve to take huge losses. They set up automatic systems with no human intervention. They rake in trillions by being able to respond faster than mere humans who can't afford such systems. Nobody stops the trading when those systems make a million dollars in a single hour. They should be allowed to lose money, too. You shouldn't have it only one way.

    17. Re:Let me get this straight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      When your loss can trigger a sell wave, they'll shut the market down to investigate.

      Because a sell wave could *never, ever, ever* be a valid market correction.

    18. Re:Let me get this straight by sjames · · Score: 1

      For the most part, doctors and lawyers don't make the cut, nor does Joe the Plumber. They have the income for it, but they have debt and future obligations rather than accumulated wealth. The GOP would like you to THINK Joe the plumber would be the one to suffer under "tax the rich", but he's not. His income would fall below the threshold.

      The term itself is probably not quite on the mark anymore since wealth disparity has continued to grow since it was coined.

    19. Re:Let me get this straight by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      It may have caused GS to lose some money.

      Which doesn't happen. Every day is an up-day for Goldman, but they don't control the markets...

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    20. Re:Let me get this straight by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 1

      The market wasn't shut down because GS lost money, but because something was obviously systematically wrong.

      What system went wrong? Not the exchange's systems. The systems within individual houses. That is their own fault. They deserve to take huge losses. They set up automatic systems with no human intervention. They rake in trillions by being able to respond faster than mere humans who can't afford such systems. Nobody stops the trading when those systems make a million dollars in a single hour. They should be allowed to lose money, too. You shouldn't have it only one way.

      I already explained this earlier in the thread... no system went wrong... but the overall system behaviour looked odd, like something *might* have gone wrong. As I stated before, once they realized what it was, they should have brought everything back up, as it wasn't a glitch in the exchange's systems.

      I can only think of a few reasons why they didn't, the predominant one being that trading had already closed for the day once they'd zeroed in on the abnormality, another being the "too big to fail" excuse.

    21. Re:Let me get this straight by lgw · · Score: 1

      Do you mean 1% by income, or by wealth? Most people in America care about income, not wealth - it's such a part of our culture that many people actually say "rich" or "wealthy" when they mean "high income". I think you just did.

      1% income is about $300k. Many small business owners will pass that - for a few years, after many spent putting all the business income beck into growing the business. Dentists, doctors, and lawyers with their own practices often do. You probably won't as a "one truck" plumber, but if you have a small fleet of trucks you likely do, and so on.

      1% wealth is less that $1.2M, last I checked. Only 4 times 1% income. That's both a sign of how poorly we educate people about how money works, and of how few years most people spend in the 1% of income in their lives.

      In every time and culture, wealth has concentrated under the smartest operators. Modern western culture has 2 big advantages in that regard: wealth scatters well when the wealthiest die, and the source of wealth is almost never military might.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    22. Re:Let me get this straight by sjames · · Score: 1

      ...but they have debt and future obligations rather than accumulated wealth.

    23. Re:Let me get this straight by coolsnowmen · · Score: 1
    24. Re:Let me get this straight by lgw · · Score: 1

      OK, but you can still be a 1%er by income despite these things, and that's what most people mean by 1%er.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
  2. Tokens. by Seumas · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The disgusting criminals at the top sacrificing a few pawns.

    1. Re:Tokens. by You're+All+Wrong · · Score: 3, Informative

      Have some respect, that's your government you're insulting! http://geke.us/GS.html

      (OT - And incidentally, in case anyone interprets my .sig as being anti-Obama, I first set it while Bush was in power, and just never got round to changing it. For obvious reasons.)

      --
      Your head of state is a corrupt weasel, I hope you're happy.
    2. Re:Tokens. by Billly+Gates · · Score: 5, Informative

      Look the CEO's and senior traders who play games of golf and have 2 hour elaborate lunches at the best NYC restaurants create all this value through their handwork.

      They do not need to be distracted by the mundane details of actually trading and need to just think of ideas all day instead. Distractions need to be minimized as do work. ... now these IT guys who program the computers that earn them the flash trading? They are greedy COST CENTERS. They have no value! Lazy! Can be replaced by H1B1 visas faster than you can say campaign contribution. Fire them as they do not create value at all.

      By playing golf and thinking mysterious powers are telepathically entered into the HFT systems and money is just generated out of thin air. I think these guys need a big bonus for being so smart for this? Don't you?

    3. Re:Tokens. by sycodon · · Score: 1

      Manager: Are those changes going to be ready by Monday?
      Specialists: We don't think so. We still want to test more.
      Manager: Did it pass the unit tests?
      Specialists: Yes, but we still are not comfortable enough to go to production. It needs more testing.
      Manager: You guys are just overly cautious. Put it in.
      Specialists:ummmm...
      Giant System Crash
      Manager: Dammit! Why didn't you test??? Yer Fired!

      --
      When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    4. Re:Tokens. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hm, do you know what Lloyd's schedule actually looks like? He works like 80 hours a week. Sure, some of that is client lunches / dinners, but it's still work. Not much golfing.

      You should read up on Lloyd Blankfein, he's actually a pretty inspiring story. Born poor, worked his way up.

  3. Correction by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Trading Axis of Evil"

  4. Where Wall Street meets IT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Jobs becoming exponentially more complex and exponentially more time-critical, with exponentially-rising penalties for human error, all for the benefit of the exponentially-more lazy money club.

    1. Re:Where Wall Street meets IT by GameboyRMH · · Score: 1

      Rising penalties? I just came in to say they got off easy. Administrative leave, OH NOES! They were making money deep into the 6-figures annually and caused a major fuckup that could have cost millions, if it didn't.

      A friend of mine used to work at a bakery. Someone there got fired because they forgot to put the lid back on a drum of flour for a few minutes.

      --
      "When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
    2. Re: Where Wall Street meets IT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ptf; everyone knows that bakers are rolling in dough.

    3. Re:Where Wall Street meets IT by Talderas · · Score: 1

      Because that has absolutely nothing do with the fact that some flour begins to ferment after left exposed and that by doing so you started to create a health hazard? That couldn't possibly be the answer. Nope. Not at all.

      --
      "Lack of speed can be overcome. In the worst case by patience." --Znork
  5. Quality software engineering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Our Excel sheet made a booboo.

  6. HFT by spacefight · · Score: 1

    I wonder how they could cancel their mistrades that fast while crunching out those huge numbers of HFT orders every second...

    1. Re:HFT by zlives · · Score: 1

      probably some one in IT caught it... they will be beaten for it later

    2. Re:HFT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Goldman doesn't do HFT, all algo trading is not high frequency.

    3. Re:HFT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I Know, NYSE had to bust something like 18000 trades after EOD. What is interesting to me is how big firms can get away with this.

    4. Re:HFT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I wonder how they could cancel their mistrades that fast while crunching out those huge numbers of HFT orders every second...

      This the great thing about harbor freight tools you can return parts to your local store if you order the wrong parts online.

    5. Re:HFT by lgw · · Score: 1

      I think Goldman also does HFT, but in a different division unrelated to these guys.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
  7. Quick Catch - No Peer Review by tiberus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I'm surprised to hear new about 'suspects (my word)' so soon after the glitch occurred. It makes me wonder how a company, with the technical expertise to find the supposed root cause of the problem in a recent software update so quickly, failed to catch the error prior to the software being installed ?!?

    1. Re:Quick Catch - No Peer Review by msobkow · · Score: 2

      The four are probably the whole team responsible for that subsystem. So once the subsystem was identified, it was easy to point fingers.

      Mistakes happen, though. That's something these HFT systems don't really allow for: there *will* be screwups in the code from time to time.

      One would think they'd do a statistical analysis of the risk of touching an HFT module at least before rolling it out, and see if it's worth the gamble.

      Silly me. Thinking instead of playing golf and "doing lunch" with the powers that be.

      --
      I do not fail; I succeed at finding out what does not work.
    2. Re:Quick Catch - No Peer Review by antifoidulus · · Score: 1

      These systems are in a constant state of flux, there is immense pressure to get new algos installed and pushed out ASAP, with little chance for review and thorough testing. Something like this will happen again, it's not a question of but of when.

    3. Re:Quick Catch - No Peer Review by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      of course they tested it.

      1. Does it compile?
      2. Ship it.

  8. administrative leave? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Do these guys have contracts or something? Most of us are at-will hires. We don't get administrative leave, we get fired. Could also be that they have specialized knowledge and they are going to give them cash when they leave in exchange for transferring knowledge. The only time I have heard of 'administrative leave' is with government/union people. With at-will employment, you can be fired just because management feels like it.

    1. Re:administrative leave? by Billly+Gates · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Do these guys have contracts or something? Most of us are at-will hires. We don't get administrative leave, we get fired. Could also be that they have specialized knowledge and they are going to give them cash when they leave in exchange for transferring knowledge. The only time I have heard of 'administrative leave' is with government/union people. With at-will employment, you can be fired just because management feels like it.

      As much as we love to bash big banking for looking at anyone not a pyschopath trader as a cost center, they need top talent.

      Basically other slashdotters who work on these systems are on demands to change whole algorithms of the system within the hour by the traders whim with no QA, GET IT OUT FAST, but whoa if has a bug! You can't negotiate with these kinds of people who in their opinion generate real money and view themselves as supperior.

      But they are not stupid and realize such great demands require a 6 figure salary, plus a bonus, plus being selective on a contract that the programmer will find more favorable. If they all said $12/hr take it or leave it and fire at will they will get crappy talent that could sink them fast. So the programmers here know the drill and the lack of job security so they negotiate it in a contract.

      If you are in a job where your employer treats you like this then you are not valuable. Not to mean to insult as we all started out this way until we had to prove ourselves and or get a skill that made us more rare. Go find another employer who values your skills more if you have the experience by now or go do something about your skillset? Capitalism 101, both buyers and sellers will always take advantage of a weakness. If there are 10 folks begigng your job then your employer can do whatever the fuck he wants. If there are 10 jobs and you are the only one qualified, then you exploit the employers by walking if they do not offer you 6 figure salary, bonuses, own office etc.

  9. Blame the IT guy by Compaqt · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Just another example of "blame the IT guy".

    If it breaks, you don't fire the trader, the lawyer, CEO, VP, whoever. If you lose a billion dollars you don't jail Jon Corzine. If you gamble people's money, you get a golden parachute.

    But if you're an IT guy, everything better be perfect, otherwise you'll get fired (lucky) or sent to jail (unlucky).

    --
    I'm not a lawyer, but I play one on the Internet. Blog
    1. Re:Blame the IT guy by kiwimate · · Score: 2

      I suggest you read the article. It talks about a specific subset of trades that were affected due to a problem resulting from an upgrade. It further discusses the impact in a company which prides itself on risk management.

      That would seem to imply that it is thought possible an IT upgrade was performed without adequate backout provisions or due diligence.

    2. Re:Blame the IT guy by Remus+Shepherd · · Score: 2

      This is why I didn't go into computer engineering as a young lad. I recognized that computers were tools, and the people trained to maintain and program them were going to end up as essentially service personnel. The high-level managers consider sysadmins to be one notch above a janitor. Shameful, but true. I realized this quite young.

      Instead, I went into physics. I'm not appreciably higher in the corporate architecture, but what I do is so arcane nobody believes that I'm easily replaced. If sysadmins are treated like janitors, a scientist is treated like a skilled seamstress -- I'm still 'labor', but it costs so much to find someone who can do my job they're willing to cut me a little slack.

      --
      Genocide Man -- Life is funny. Death is funnier. Mass murder can be hilarious.
    3. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And your post is just another example of how the IT guy never thinks it's his fault... can't possibly be something wrong with HIS systems. It MUST be someone else. Users are the stupid ones, right?

      IT people need to stop the elitist attitudes. Half the time I call our IT department to report a problem they tell me "No all our systems are working fine, there's no problem at all" and all the while I can hear them furiously typing as they're fixing whatever the issue is so that when I try again it's fixed and then I look like the idiot.

      So, yeah, I say blame the IT guy. If it's really not their fault, they should be able to show that easily enough and then everyone moves on to finding the real cause... or maybe they'll find that it IS actually their fault and it'll knock them down a peg. Fuck knows they need it sometimes.

    4. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      More than likely an IT upgrade was forced through by an MBA trying to get his quarterly bonus. Or maybe the testing phase was abbreviated because they weren't funded for a proper testing and QA environment. (Remember, IT is a cost, not a profit center)

      It's not like IT gets to decide when it does things - IT management owns that responsibility. And if you'd ever worked with IT managers, you'd know that some of them can be as dumb as the sales guys when it comes to technological best practices.

    5. Re:Blame the IT guy by jedidiah · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I had an uncle that tried to do that. Turned out that his physics degree was so esoteric that he had trouble finding a job.

      He ended up being a produce clerk.

      --
      A Pirate and a Puritan look the same on a balance sheet.
    6. Re:Blame the IT guy by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      I suggest you read the article. It talks about a specific subset of trades that were affected due to a problem resulting from an upgrade. It further discusses the impact in a company which prides itself on risk management.

      That would seem to imply that it is thought possible an IT upgrade was performed without adequate backout provisions or due diligence.

      I have read other comments from HFT programmers on slashdot and their bosses do not care about risk management. They want rewrites by the hour 100% bugfree 100% of the time so they can earn their money and beat the other HFT systems FIRST.

      Perhaps one can comment, but I distrust officials from Wall Street claiming this as their actions dictate otherwise with unreasonable demands as their only performance metric is how much growth per hour.

    7. Re:Blame the IT guy by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      This is why I didn't go into computer engineering as a young lad. I recognized that computers were tools, and the people trained to maintain and program them were going to end up as essentially service personnel. The high-level managers consider sysadmins to be one notch above a janitor. Shameful, but true. I realized this quite young.

      Instead, I went into physics. I'm not appreciably higher in the corporate architecture, but what I do is so arcane nobody believes that I'm easily replaced. If sysadmins are treated like janitors, a scientist is treated like a skilled seamstress -- I'm still 'labor', but it costs so much to find someone who can do my job they're willing to cut me a little slack.

      Until your boss realizes he can get scientists in China and India with no plumbing who would happily work for peanuts.

      Unless a job needs to be done physically here you will be viewed as a cost. I notice a rise in people becoming teachers recently. It is because those jobs are not considered valuable where as before the great recession no one would dare think this unless they had a passion for it or were moms and wanted the same days off as their kids. But it is a job that needs to be here and can't be outsourced.

    8. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I am sure the quality of their IT staff will vastly improve as a result of their recent strategy to underpay them and then aggressively press for federal crime charges if they decide to leave.

    9. Re:Blame the IT guy by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      I had an uncle that tried to do that. Turned out that his physics degree was so esoteric that he had trouble finding a job.

      He ended up being a produce clerk.

      Well worse case scenario he can apply to be a science teacher. Not a glamour job but almost anything fucking pays better and would give benefits than being a produce clerk.

      Same states even have programs for non teaching majors to enter the field. Yes you have rotten kids but at least you do not have to pay for healthcare and cost actually teach science and have a somewhat middle class salary.

    10. Re:Blame the IT guy by swb · · Score: 1

      "I suggest you read the article. It talks about a specific subset of trades that were affected due to a problem resulting from an upgrade. It further discusses the impact in a company which prides itself on lobbying, cronyism and legalistic obfuscation."

      There, I fixed the spelling error you had..

    11. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is why I didn't go into computer engineering as a young lad. I recognized that computers were tools, and the people trained to maintain and program them were going to end up as essentially service personnel. The high-level managers consider sysadmins to be one notch above a janitor. Shameful, but true. I realized this quite young.

      The fact that you don't understand the difference between a computer engineer and a I.T. technician indicates that you made the right decision.

    12. Re:Blame the IT guy by Nethead · · Score: 1

      Tell me about it. At our 200 person aerospace company the facilities and IT are one two-man department. Our trouble ticket system tracks both bad keyboards and toilet issues.

      The call I hate to get starts off with, "do you know where a plunger is?" I know what the next question is going to be.

      --
      -- I have a private email server in my basement.
    13. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I suggest you read the summary instead. There is nothing more in TA.

    14. Re:Blame the IT guy by drnb · · Score: 1

      I had an uncle that tried to do that. Turned out that his physics degree was so esoteric that he had trouble finding a job. He ended up being a produce clerk.

      Well worse case scenario he can apply to be a science teacher. Not a glamour job but almost anything fucking pays better and would give benefits than being a produce clerk. Same states even have programs for non teaching majors to enter the field. Yes you have rotten kids but at least you do not have to pay for healthcare and cost actually teach science and have a somewhat middle class salary.

      It depends on the timeframe. Grocery store jobs used to pay quite well and have generous benefits. It may have been a better job than school teacher.

    15. Re:Blame the IT guy by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      Walmart quickly changed that. I dated a girl who did that and she got paid minimum wage with no benefits and she has worked there for 5 years.

      If anyone can do it included an undocumented worker then it pays to pay the least amount of money possible.

    16. Re:Blame the IT guy by TWiTfan · · Score: 2

      It's tough to get a job as a teacher unless you got your education certification while you were getting your undergrad degree. As you point out there are some programs that make some VERY LIMITED exceptions. But even with those, you're always treated as a second-class teacher if you don't have certification. And it's hard to advance your career, get raises, or even keep your job until you get it.

      You can't just walk into most primary/secondary schools in the U.S. and say "Hey, I'm a Ph.D. in physics and I'd like a job, please" and get it. You're not in the fraternity if you didn't go through the proper pledgeship.

      --
      The cow says "Moo." The dog says "Woof." The Timothy says "Thanks, valued customer. We appreciate your input."
    17. Re:Blame the IT guy by Zeromous · · Score: 1

      I joke that I'm a janitor all the time, but someone must've watched Fight Club, because I at least get treated with respect by my 'superiors'.

      Honestly, some days I do feel like a janitor, but a janitor *wishes* he could replace himself with a very small shell-script (that thankfully only he would understand).

      --
      ---Up Up Down Down Left Right Left Right B A START
    18. Re: Blame the IT guy by tedleaf · · Score: 1

      so what are the differences between the two then?

    19. Re:Blame the IT guy by drnb · · Score: 1

      Walmart quickly changed that. I dated a girl who did that and she got paid minimum wage with no benefits and she has worked there for 5 years. If anyone can do it included an undocumented worker then it pays to pay the least amount of money possible.

      Yes and no. Tech has also changed things. Not so long ago a couple of major supermarket chains in my area went on strike. Within a couple of months my local supermarket converted 2 of 12 checkouts to self serve. You scan the bar codes yourself, swipe your debit/credit card, and RFID scanners make sure all of your items were scanned.

      Self serve can not be used by everyone. It only handles packaged goods, no self bagged veggies for example. Well, most packaged goods, booze is an exception.

    20. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Being a janitor that makes a six figure salary is fine by me.

    21. Re:Blame the IT guy by lgw · · Score: 1

      More than likely an IT upgrade was forced through by an MBA trying to get his quarterly bonus. Or maybe the testing phase was abbreviated because they weren't funded for a proper testing and QA environment. (Remember, IT is a cost, not a profit center)

      Also trading is definitely a profit center. These guys are traders, of a sort. But anyhow, I suspect the chance that it might have been an MBA that rushed the change to production is why these guys weren't fired immediately. GS is many shades of evil, but they are never stupid.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    22. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep with No Child Left Behind they need to be enrolled in an alternative credential program. Most states will let you teach for a year or two while you enroll to pass the big national educators exam.

      But still many principals view them as inferiors like the programmers who think only a CS degree can make a decent LAN admin or programmer. After all they use math so they know better than anyone. After finishing this and a few recommendations that view starts to change.

      Like the other person down below said if you are not a democrat life is difficult. I oppose unions and do not favor indoctrinating children. It is not your job unless you teach history or government. If you teach math your job is just to teach math and nothing else.

    23. Re:Blame the IT guy by Talderas · · Score: 1

      Our self scans can handle self-bagged veggies. There's 6 self-checkouts maintained by a single human, who is there mostly for liquor sales or if there's the odd problem. It's still frustrating to see people use them and take longer than if they had gone through a regular checkout.

      Seriously. I can have a whole cart of groceries (say around 30 items) and be in and out faster than some people with 5 items.

      --
      "Lack of speed can be overcome. In the worst case by patience." --Znork
    24. Re: Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Computer Engineer designs chipsets and hardware.
      The Software Engineer designs/writes software.
      The IT technician builds and maintains a system from the component parts created by the computer and software engineers.

    25. Re:Blame the IT guy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Self serve can handle self-bagged veggies; it does so here in Australia; you just pick from the menu what you've got. There's a risk of theft, but obviously its worth the staffing cost savings.

      In one chain of supermarkets in Germany you had to put a label on the self-bagged veggies before you went to the manual checkouts; to put the label on, a video camera would attempt to guess what you had, and at least narrow down the options so you couldn't call garlic carrots.

  10. Punishment Fits the Crime by cookYourDog · · Score: 5, Funny

    Wreck a few trades: Suspension! Wreck the global economy: Free federal loans and an even greater share of aggregate wealth!

  11. Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The disgusting criminals at the top sacrificing a few pawns.

    Are they pawns or are they the developers responsible for the bug? Given the extremely high salaries devs working for wall street receive, didn't you think that there was a catch. i.e. if there is a bug that causes significant embarrassment or a significant loss of money you get fired.

    If so the proceeding would seem fair. You want to name your price then your performance better be damn near flawless.

    1. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "developers responsible for the bug?"

      What about the product designers? The project managers? Or the QA analysts? Or user acceptance testers? Executive Management? It is a team game... don't go blaming ONLY the developers...

      That said, it is a very common thing to see this type of blame game play out against the people putting in the hours to actually write this stuff.

    2. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by RabidReindeer · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The disgusting criminals at the top sacrificing a few pawns.

      Are they pawns or are they the developers responsible for the bug? Given the extremely high salaries devs working for wall street receive, didn't you think that there was a catch. i.e. if there is a bug that causes significant embarrassment or a significant loss of money you get fired.

      If so the proceeding would seem fair. You want to name your price then your performance better be damn near flawless.

      If you're a CEO and you get fired, they'll often pay you more to go away than most people will make in their entire lifetime. For example, Mattel had a loser CEO who managed to make their stock worth half of what it had been. His punishment? Well, he got fired. And paid $25million.

      This whole idea that the C-level guys are somehow "earning" those massive benefits by being superhuman beings needs to die, be decapitated, have a stake driven through it, burned and scattered to the winds.

      A good worker is valuable, no question. But there's an old management aphorism about what you're supposed to do to irreplaceable people. The reason they get away with it has less to do with the scarcity of their talents than it does with the fact that they have one of the tightest unions around.

    3. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by pipatron · · Score: 1

      Do you think that the product designers specified that trades beginning with the letter H to L should be buggy?

      --
      c++; /* this makes c bigger but returns the old value */
    4. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by Seumas · · Score: 1

      Dude . . . it's Goldman Sachs.

    5. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Do you think that the product designers specified that trades beginning with the letter H to L should be buggy?

      Yes, by omission when they say "AIG to GoldMan go first, as does Merryl through Zeta".

    6. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by lgw · · Score: 3, Insightful

      A CEO of large corporation is a professional entertainer. And just like a professional athlete, rock star, or top-billing Hollywood star, they get paid absurd amounts (actually, about the same as those) because people compete to hire them. Hollywood stars are probably the best comparison: few people can do the job, but still plenty more than there are jobs. But stars have followings, and their names bring credibility that helps projects get funding.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    7. Re:Are they pawns or are they the devs behind bug? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Goldman Sachs does not have a parachute for their CEO! They're actually pretty good in this regard compared to other companies. Bet you didn't know that before you wrote your accusatory post anyway.

  12. Those guys were already laid off from GS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    But they kept getting their paychecks - until they fixed the glitch.

  13. Surprised Goldman didn't sic the FBI after them by JoeyRox · · Score: 4, Funny

    Losing money for Goldman is a federal crime, punishable by a 10 year sentence with no trial.

    1. Re:Surprised Goldman didn't sic the FBI after them by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Its early yet.

  14. It may be the IT guy this time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just another example of "blame the IT guy".

    It may be the IT guy this time. It sounds as if it was either software doing the trading or at least software feeding bogus quotes to human traders.

  15. why are we calling it this? by nimbius · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Administrative leave is a temporary leave from a job assignment, with pay and benefits intact. Generally, the term is reserved for employees of non-business institutions such as schools, police, and hospitals.

    this is an investment firm, with at-will employment. While im certain the glitch was of great concern to "investor confidence" this just feels like an absurd move to stifle any possibility of a negative market reaction, imaginary or concrete. If i were the IT guy being awarded this transition in employment, it would be difficult not to offer an ultimatum. That if, as its implied by the administrative leave, you in fact value me so much as a team member and employee, perhaps you should judge me by my past works and not by your board of directors insipid demand for job reassignment routinely applied to a police officer after she kills a suspect.
    id also be more inclined to check across the street and see if any other investment firms might care to hire a coder.

    --
    Good people go to bed earlier.
    1. Re:why are we calling it this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      GS would have those guys loaded up with non-competes stacked 6 feet high so they have them completely and they know they can't just walk to the next firm.

    2. Re:why are we calling it this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It could also be the case of ``I take full responsibility.'' without actually being personally responsible for the glitch. Plenty of senior tech folks oversee many projects, some of them may screw up from time to time... the senior dude with the balls might just step up and say ``this was my team and my responsibility'' so that the little guys under him doesn't get a much harsher treatment.

    3. Re:why are we calling it this? by Cederic · · Score: 1

      I very strongly get the impression that's not the culture or type of person that works there.

    4. Re:why are we calling it this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually it is. How many Goldman people do you know? The culture of accountability is one reason why why GS is such a successful company compared to its peers.

  16. If you have read the Vanity Fair articles by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    If you've read the Vanity Fair articles you know that the problem is not the IT, it's the senior management at Goldman that patches together spaghetti code and STEALS OPEN SOURCE CODE by slicing off the headers from the code they stole.

    Nothing good ever came from Goldman.

    Ever.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    1. Re:If you have read the Vanity Fair articles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you've read the Vanity Fair articles you know that the problem is not the IT, it's the senior management at Goldman that patches together spaghetti code and STEALS OPEN SOURCE CODE by slicing off the headers from the code they stole.

      Would it be so hard to link the article. If even two people read your post, it saves time to provide a link. It's silly to write something you don't expect to be read, especially when you seem to want us to read the unlinked article, which says:

      At Sergeâ(TM)s trial Kevin Marino, his lawyer, flashed two pages of computer code: the original, with its open-source license on top, and a replica, with the open-source license stripped off and replaced by the Goldman Sachs license.

    2. Re:If you have read the Vanity Fair articles by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      Or, since it's the current issue, you could just use this thing called google ...

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    3. Re:If you have read the Vanity Fair articles by wiredlogic · · Score: 1

      STEALS OPEN SOURCE CODE by slicing off the headers from the code they stole.

      While that is an abhorrent practice, open source licenses recognize concept of the company as an individual (implicitly if not explicitly). It is a legal necessity for copy-left to work with the existing framework of copyright law. Because of this, it is legally okay for a company to use modified open source code internally without public disclosure of modifications because that doesn't count as redistribution under the law.

      The AGPL's extra requirements for software as a service are the only real impediment to this in the realm of open source licenses. Even that only takes effect if you are using modified code for an externally accessible network service.

      --
      I am becoming gerund, destroyer of verbs.
  17. Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by drnb · · Score: 1

    If you lose a billion dollars you don't jail Jon Corzine.

    John Corzine was a special case. He was a close political ally of President Obama.

    "Former New Jersey governor and U.S. Sen. Jon Corzine, whom President Obama once hailed as an “honorable man” and one of his “best partners” in the White House, has been subpoenaed to testify before Congress about his role in the collapse of the investment firm MF Global."
    http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/12/jon-corzine-obama-partner-and-campaign-financier-subpoenaed-on-mf-global-collapse/

    1. Re:Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by geekoid · · Score: 1

      Because no one in Congress wants to get Obama?

      are you high?

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    2. Re:Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Because no one in Congress wants to get Obama?

      No, not really. Sure, they'll make a big show, pontificating on the virtues of their party platform whilst simultaneously demonizing the opposing extreme ideologues, but truth be told the TLA's (who operate outside the Constitution and thus, above the federal government) have enough dirt scraped up by now to bury each and every one of those motherfuckers in a mountain of their own shit, Commander-in-Chief included.

      Truth be told, they're all in the same sinking dinghy. The 'he said, she said' back and forth is purely for show.

      are you high?

      I wish - 'twould make this sort of knowledge a lot easier to cope with.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    3. Re:Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by drnb · · Score: 1

      Because no one in Congress wants to get Obama?

      And when has Attorney General Eric Holder shown any care about what Congress thinks regarding his administrative and prosecutorial decisions? When has Holder shown any reluctance to take the political heat in order to shield the President?

      And frankly that is his job, albeit to stay with the Constitution and the law while doing so. Once confirmed by the Senate an Attorney General couldn't care less about the Congress.

    4. Re:Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Basically my hope at this point is that Snowden included the files on all congresscritters and their staff, federal judges and their staff, the entire executive branch for the last six administrations, the entire staff (for twenty years) of GoldmanSachs and all members of all 50 state governments in his insurance file.

      Having that come out would make me smile like very little else could.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    5. Re:Corzine is a special case, close ally of Obama by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Having that come out would make me smile like very little else could.

      I second that emotion.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
  18. Point the finger by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The programmers are pointing to the specs and saying it did what it was supposed to.

    The analysts are pointing to the business requirements and user acceptance tests and saying that it did what asked us for.

    The business is pointing to IT and saying it was a computer glitch.

    Sound about right?

  19. Some are more equal than others. by boorack · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Still, most of GS bad trades have been DK'ed. You see, for Goldman Sachs this is 'Heads we win, tails we win' kind of market. They're above the law in every respect. I'm curious what will happen to those tech folks. Will Goldman jail them in retaliation like they did with Aleynikov ? As much as they can call puppet US government to overturn their bad trades, they also can call govt to jail anyone they wish ...

    1. Re:Some are more equal than others. by timeOday · · Score: 5, Informative
      Oh boy, you're right! Quoting the Wall Street Journal:

      After sifting through each trade, exchanges canceled or adjusted many of the trades.

      Their actions stanched what would have been an even more costly mistake. People familiar with the matter last week estimated that Goldman's losses could have reached hundreds of millions of dollars.

      ...

      At NYSE Amex, the exchange will cancel trades in most cases of obvious error, unless the traders on both sides are market makers, or exchange members who facilitate the trading in a given stock's options to ensure fair and orderly markets. Goldman has a market-making unit, but in this case, NYSE Amex classified the orders as coming from a broker-dealer firm.

    2. Re:Some are more equal than others. by adolf · · Score: 3, Informative

      It is thus proven: GS is both too big to fail, and too big to make mistakes.

    3. Re:Some are more equal than others. by quetzyg · · Score: 2

      Oh boy, you're right! Quoting the Wall Street Journal:

      After sifting through each trade, exchanges canceled or adjusted many of the trades.

      Their actions stanched what would have been an even more costly mistake. People familiar with the matter last week estimated that Goldman's losses could have reached hundreds of millions of dollars.

      ...

      At NYSE Amex, the exchange will cancel trades in most cases of obvious error, unless the traders on both sides are market makers, or exchange members who facilitate the trading in a given stock's options to ensure fair and orderly markets. Goldman has a market-making unit, but in this case, NYSE Amex classified the orders as coming from a broker-dealer firm.

      Looks like someone at GS read yesterday's news about the The Greatest Keyboard Shortcut Ever and did a CTRL+Z on the trades.

    4. Re:Some are more equal than others. by similar_name · · Score: 2

      It was CTRL+SHIFT+T. The T is for Trades. Control Shifty Trades.

    5. Re: Some are more equal than others. by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      mod parent up, as we all have suspected, when the big boys lose it, then it is now called 'errorneous trade' and the exchange cancels that.

      So start a competing exchange without HFT, without do-overs for the banksters, without trading floor hours. I'm sure the SEC won't make it impossible!

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    6. Re:Some are more equal than others. by rtb61 · · Score: 1

      In this case the reality is. If you are so stupid as to let computers do the trading of stocks and options without supervision, then you deserve to loose the money, end of story. Instead, corruption on display. As for blaming the coders. Sorry again, what did you miss about being stupid enough to allow computer systems to do automatic trades. You computer systems should only recommend trades, with a supervising officer allowing them to finally pass through if and only if they make sense.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
  20. You should fire manamgment by geekoid · · Score: 1

    for not have a redundant system to test on.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    1. Re:You should fire manamgment by Nimey · · Score: 1

      Always mount a scratch monkey.

      --
      Hail Eris, full of mischief...

      E pluribus sanguinem
  21. High speed low quality. by jellomizer · · Score: 1

    Suspending the techs for a Mistake is kinda stupid.
    Financial Systems are all about speed. To get that sort of speed,you need to drop as many checks as possible.
    You don't check to see if the String sent is an int, you just process and hope for the best. You may be creating a bunch of duplicate records and messes, but you don't have time to check, it goes it and it goes out as fast as possible.

    The reason why OS's and programs are so bloated today compared to 20 years ago, is because we have the power for the most part to put checks in the system. Most languages now have a Try and Catch exceptions, so we don't need to blow up when something goes wrong. We have robust classes that process information much more carefully. That is why your Windows 3.1 BSOD when you looked at it the wrong way, and your never seen a Windows 7 BSOD unless you were really doing something stupid. Or your Xwindows session in Linux use to cause lockups where you needed to telnet in from an other system to fix it, vs now where that rarely ever happens. More solid code comes at a cost of performance.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    1. Re:High speed low quality. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      When I worked there, they used to say no-one ever got fired for making a mistake, just for covering it up. Not that anyone believed it.

  22. OT? by NotQuiteReal · · Score: 1

    If enough little guys get together they can be stopped by the big boys too. (Article is on how some 401(k) members were banned from trading, in their own 401(k), based on newsletter information.)

    --
    This issue is a bit more complicated than you think.
    1. Re:OT? by lightknight · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "When large numbers of investors trade mutual funds in lockstep, it can force fund managers to buy and sell securities at inopportune times. They may have to find securities to buy in a hurry if the pack invests all at once, and may have to sell quickly to pay off sellers who cash out together."

      Right...because when an average investor buys and sell securities at an inopportune time, it's totally cool, but when a fund manager has to do it....well, we can't have that.

      Love this world to death: it has so many laws, so many rules, for so many different peoples, and they're all different! No two people abide by the same set of rules. God Himself would be proud.

      --
      I am John Hurt.
    2. Re:OT? by fishbonz · · Score: 0

      No body is forcing you to stay in this country

    3. Re:OT? by tragedy · · Score: 1

      What country? The poster you're replying to said "Love this world...", not country.

    4. Re:OT? by slick7 · · Score: 1

      If enough little guys get together

      You mean like the BRICS nations?

      --
      The mind conceives, the body achieves, the spirit manifests.
    5. Re:OT? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Why do you believe this to be a valid retort? Do you have no complaints about the country? Do you accept every law and every politician without critique? And as someone else mentioned, he said world, not country. I mean wow. You must have fully supported Obama as well as Bush. Democrats, Republicans, love 'em or leave the country. I'm so baffled. Would you say the same thing for any other argument? Complaints about Obamacare, well no one is forcing you to stay. Complaints about deregulation, ditto.

      Ok, I got that out. I understand that you have a bias. If people don't agree with you on certain topics you feel they should just leave. If you don't have a better argument, you really should say nothing. Telling someone to leave the country because they disagree about a subject is very un-American.

    6. Re:OT? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      bonehead

    7. Re:OT? by lightknight · · Score: 1

      Thank you. My critics are non-thinking automatons; even my errors, made during nights of drunken debauchery and zero later recollection, show more thought that many of these precanned responses.

      --
      I am John Hurt.
    8. Re:OT? by lightknight · · Score: 1

      Edit: than* (switch with that).

      Seriously need to get a better prescription for these glasses.

      --
      I am John Hurt.
  23. So, speculations about the bug? by pipatron · · Score: 1

    Frankly, I'm disappointed having read so many comments in this thread and not one talks about the most important for a geek site like slashdot: How do manage to get a bug like this?

    Nothing is very special with HIJKL that makes them stick out or warrant exceptional handling.

    --
    c++; /* this makes c bigger but returns the old value */
    1. Re: So, speculations about the bug? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They're probably the symbols handled by the particular instance of software. They had likely "upgraded" only this instance, instead of the entire universe of symbols at once. Had they pushed the software to all production servers, it probably would have been much worse...

  24. Machine trading by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Read 'Dark Pools' by scott patterson.

  25. Military officers fast tracked to teaching ... by drnb · · Score: 1

    It's tough to get a job as a teacher unless you got your education certification while you were getting your undergrad degree. As you point out there are some programs that make some VERY LIMITED exceptions.

    When I received my MS CS I was told that California has an exception to the education certification requirement for people with an Master's. Of course I never looked into it so I can't say if this is 100% accurate.

    But even with those, you're always treated as a second-class teacher if you don't have certification. And it's hard to advance your career, get raises, or even keep your job until you get it.

    Yes and no. A few teacher of the year awards can change that.

    I read an article about a government program where retiring military officers were somehow fast tracked into teaching positions. A retiring Army Colonel became a HS math teacher and as you describe the existing teachers were angry. One exceptionally ignorant teacher literally asked the retired Colonel what he could possibly know about teaching teenagers. The retired Colonel politely explained that he has been teaching and leading teenagers for over 20 years. After a few years at the school, where he received a few awards, most of the teaching staff became converts and accepted him. The few who didn't made arguments that seemed more political than teaching related.

    1. Re:Military officers fast tracked to teaching ... by pspahn · · Score: 1

      The few who didn't made arguments that seemed more political than teaching related.

      The education industry in a nutshell. I worked with a teacher who was ex-military. His indoctrination went pretty smoothly once he got his Master's, but people still felt like he was kind of a dick. He was, but he was a damn good teacher despite that.

      Education can pretty harsh to outsiders, especially those with a political belief system that clashes (anti-union, anti-federal control, free textbooks, etc). I've seen an entire school dismantled and the principal ousted simply because he was a conservative and was on the "shit-list" of state administrators (this particular school served students other districts refused to take, and had the highest transition rate back to their home district than any other in the state). It was not long afterward that the school failed completely, as nearly the entire staff left in support of the boss.

      --
      Someone flopped a steamer in the gene pool.
  26. From TFA by Registered+Coward+v2 · · Score: 1
    Reporting by Krithika Krishnamurthy in Bangalore; Editing by Chris Gallagher

    So is the the IT outsourced or just the reporting?

    --
    I'm a consultant - I convert gibberish into cash-flow.
  27. yet fraud continues by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    in regards to their aluminum warehousing purposely slowing down shipments by rerouting them to other warehouses and then betting against it through their financial divisions. sickening. i wish someone would react with violence for once.

  28. Testing? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So there are 4 hot shot programmers get the ax, my question is - didn't GS has a software SQA/QA team to test the software out ? or do companies just trust developers?

  29. Ulrich? by zdzichu · · Score: 1

    The article doesn't have any names. Did they make Drepper go?

    --
    :wq
  30. Hah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Had this bug caused them to make money instead of losing it, what are the chances that the trades would have still been cancelled..

  31. STEALS OPEN SOURCE CODE by fauzsp · · Score: 1

    When your reduction can induce a offer trend, they'll closed the industry down to examine. The industry wasn't closed down because GS missing cash, but because something was obviously consistently incorrect, and they desired to determine what it was before enabling more deals. Once they discovered out what it was, they could have introduced everything returning up, as it was just a bad criteria used by only one investor. They're above the law in every regard. I'm interested what will occur to those tech. The experts are directing to the company specifications and customer approval assessments and saying that it did what requested us for. Cheap Hajj Packages | Cheap flights To Dar es salaam