Slashdot Mirror


Social Media Is a New Vector For Mass Psychogenic Illness

Hugh Pickens DOT Com writes "There is an interesting read at the Atlantic where Laura Dimon writes that mass psychogenic illness, historically known as "mass hysteria"—is making a comeback and it appears that social media is a new vector for its spread. Mass hysteria such as the Salem Witch Trials of 1692-1693, the most widely recognized episode of mass hysteria in history, which ultimately saw the hanging deaths of 20 women, spreads through sight and sound, and historically, one person would have to be in the same room as somebody exhibiting symptoms to be at risk of 'catching' the illness. 'Not anymore,' says Robert Bartholomew, a sociologist who has studied over 600 cases of mass hysteria dating back to 1566, noting that social media — 'extensions of our eyes and ears' — speeds and extends the reach of mass hysteria. 'Epidemic hysterias that in earlier periods were self-limited in geography now have free and wide access to the globe in seconds,' says Bartholomew. 'It's a belief, that's the power here, and the technology just amplifies the belief, and helps it spread more readily.' In a recent case, nearly 20 students at a Western New York Junior-Senior High school began experiencing involuntary jerks and tics. Some believe that the Le Roy outbreak was a direct result of videos posted to YouTube by Lori Brownell, a girl with severe tics in Corinth, New York, 250 miles east of Le Roy. The story took off quickly, not just on the local and national news but on Facebook and autism blogs and sites devoted to mental health and environmental issues. Bartholomew warns that there is 'potential for a far greater or global episode, unless we quickly understand how social media is, for the first time, acting as the primary vector or agent of spread for conversion disorder.'"

52 of 373 comments (clear)

  1. In other news by J.J.+Dane · · Score: 5, Funny

    Psychiatrists identify social media as new source of revenue..

    1. Re:In other news by fredrated · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Non-snark version: Psychiatrists identify social media as new source of hysteria.

    2. Re:In other news by Seumas · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Truth may sound like, but not actually be, snark.

    3. Re:In other news by Garridan · · Score: 4, Funny

      Cynic version: government finds new justification to censor social media.

    4. Re:In other news by endus · · Score: 2

      My shrink told me she doesn't do social media because all her patients tell her how horrible it is. .......I had just finished telling her how horrible social media was.

    5. Re:In other news by NatasRevol · · Score: 2

      It's cues, facial cues!

      What kind of moron mixes those up! /s for those that didn't read the thread.

      --
      There are two types of people in the world: Those who crave closure
    6. Re:In other news by epyT-R · · Score: 2

      There might be a correlation there because of society's increasing intolerance to blunt truth, preferring the protection of feelings instead. Sarcasm/snarkiness is the natural response to the 'face saving' and other passive aggressive tactics used to defend feelings from truth.

    7. Re:In other news by NatasRevol · · Score: 4, Funny

      Both of which are unavailable on the internet.

      Thanks, though, for the communication etiquette lesson. I really appreciated it.

      --
      There are two types of people in the world: Those who crave closure
    8. Re:In other news by Quirkz · · Score: 2

      This is new? I've been seeing hysteria in various forms on FaceBook since I started using it 7 or 8 years ago. Hysteria about vaccines, about GMO, about diet sodas, about election results. Most of that is just an extension of the general internet mass-circulated hysteria Snopes was created to combat, but it's been there for a while.

      I admit passing along physical tics like some sort of physical meme is a new one, but the hysteria vector has been there for a long time.

    9. Re:In other news by Seumas · · Score: 2

      Except when bukkake is involved. Bukkake requires facial queues.

  2. People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Truisms aside, this reminds me of the fact that they're still trying to redefine "delusions" in the DSM, because the Internet invalidated the old criteria, which went something like "Things believed by the individual, not supported by observation, and not shared with their social groups."

    The internet made an avenue for crazy people to find similar crazy people, and form social connections with them, in a way that reinforced their own delusions quite directly. I don't think anyone has found a satisfactory conclusion to that problem, because they really don't want something that will classify people's religions as delusions.

    1. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by schlachter · · Score: 5, Informative

      interesting. its like how religious people are not delusional because they have other people that believe what they believe. by all other standards, they would be considered delusional.

      --
      My God can beat up your God. Just kidding...don't take offense. I know there's no God.
    2. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by bagboy · · Score: 3, Funny

      The internet made an avenue for crazy people to find similar crazy people, and form social connections with them, in a way that reinforced their own delusions quite directly.

      Umm... the birth of Slashdot?

    3. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Except, by no valid standards would they be considered delusional. Dawkins pejorative book-naming choices, and the collection of parrots regurgitating that, is not a serious scientific decision.

      The DSM provides us with a scientific one, perfectly suitable, and it only being challenged because atheists have a fixation on not retracting their clearly-false usage. If a belief is consistent with one's widespread cultural norms (and a "culture" requires more than a handful of people congregating on the Internet), they are no delusional. Period.

      On many given issues, either Republicans or Democrats are factually incorrect. Their beliefs are false. However, neither are not delusional. Stop trying to special-case religion out of all other like circumstances of indeterminate human knowledge because of your personal axe you have to grind.

    4. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I'm an atheist myself, but "everyone is wrong about something" is an important mantra to keep in mind. The wrong is more important to human understanding than the right, because it gives you extra lenses with which to examine and expand what you already know. Free speech exists for a reason.

    5. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Valdrax · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It seems to fit well with Wikipedia's definition, "a belief held with strong conviction despite superior evidence to the contrary."

      Merely being "wrong" isn't sufficient to be a delusion. The sticking detail is "superior evidence to the contrary."

      The problem with religion is that there isn't a lot of evidence one way or the other about the core questions of religion -- the origin of the universe and of life, what purpose we have in life, and what awaits us after death. Specific details of creation stories or certain mythical events in the past have been knocked out in many cases, but religion will not go away so long as those questions are essentially unanswerable with any degree of solid proof.

      --
      If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
    6. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Because parent to child is a standard kind of learning, and most religion is learned that way. Learned beliefs are seriously distinct from delusional beliefs in nature.

      That wasn't hard.

    7. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I like how you Capitalize Groups you disagree with, in order to make them seem like a Cohesive Group.

    8. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by phantomfive · · Score: 2

      Why?

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    9. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      A delusional parent can't teach their child their delusion?

    10. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by HornWumpus · · Score: 4, Informative

      When you grow up, you will realize that your favorite musician is not 'objectively good', he or she is 'subjectively good'. In other words 'there is no accounting for taste'.

      You might even stop arguing about who's the best band...It was 'The Sex Pistols'.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    11. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by HornWumpus · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That gets most Religious people out of being delusional.

      It does not get 'fundamentalists' out. Their is plenty of 'superior evidence to the contrary' regarding the Genesis creation myth for example. Bats are not birds. Pi is not 3. Jonah was not swallowed by a whale. Mohamed did not travel from Medan to Jerusalem in one night. The mountain did not come to Mohammed. The Emperor of Japan is not descended from gods. etc etc etc

      Fundies are delusional.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    12. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by gagol · · Score: 4, Informative

      Slashdot is a sane place compared to, say, abovetopsecret.com.

      --
      Tomorrow is another day...
    13. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Hatta · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Merely being "wrong" isn't sufficient to be a delusion. The sticking detail is "superior evidence to the contrary."

      The problem with religion is that there isn't a lot of evidence one way or the other about the core questions of religion

      The delusion isn't that "there is life after death". The delusion is that any living being knows what comes after death. The delusion is that revelation is a valid form of evidence. The delusion is that the beliefs you were indoctrinated with as a child are correct, simply because you were indoctrinated that way.

      religion will not go away so long as those questions are essentially unanswerable with any degree of solid proof.

      The delusion is that those questions are answerable.

      --
      Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
    14. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Kaenneth · · Score: 4, Funny

      Everyone know that bats are actually bugs.

    15. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 2

      No, cults tend to have a stronger socio-pathic center that engages in knowing manipulation. Religions tend to have the ability to self-sustain in the absence of the cult leaders. And misusing the word delusion to mean "thing you believe that's untrue" does you no service; it only serves to cloud your statement in rhetoric.

    16. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by i+kan+reed · · Score: 2

      Psychology isn't medically diagnostic in nature.

    17. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by vux984 · · Score: 2

      Any definition of delusion that depends on the subject (i.e. WHO is doing the believing) is marred, in my opinion.

      The definition hinges on "why you beleive" not "who you are", which makes perfect sense.

      Beleiving something an authority figure told you is quite different than a belief with a spontaneous genesis.

      If I spontaneously and without evidence believe my neighbor lady is in witness protection because she used to do hits for the mob, and is now an informant to the FBI that's delusional.

      If I believe precisely the same thing, because a trusted family member in the FBI told me so. Then at worst I'm gullible, but not delusional.

    18. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Valdrax · · Score: 2

      I would argue that solid direct proof isn't necessary to make an informed judgment about some probability if related / circumstantial evidence is there in abundance.

      The problem is that the circumstantial evidence is of the "absence of evidence" form. I have yet to see anything persuasive that argues for a purely materialistic universe over a mostly hands-off "watchmaker" universe or a subtle, "works in mysterious way" interpretation.

      [Religions are] always built not on logic or observation, but instead on emotional needs and fantasy. [...] What's wrong with just saying we don't know yet? Must people automatically assign religion/ghosts/superstition as our default answer to things we can't yet explain?

      There's absolutely nothing wrong with saying, "I don't know." In my opinion, it's the most logical answer. It's not my answer, but it's at least one I hold a strong intellectual respect for. However, I assert that it's not unreasonable in the absence of an objective answer to rely upon a subjective one.

      Many people I know feel a strong, personal connection with God. There's no way to objectively prove from the outside whether this is a real thing or just some weird misfiring of the brain, and to those who experience it, it seems very real. So, if there is no way to prove of disprove a subjective experience, is it more logical to assume it's not real or to treat it as real? (I don't know that there is a "right" answer to that, but I'm sure many philosophers have spilled a lot of ink on both sides of that debate.)

      Religion as you say, does fulfill an emotional need, and that should not be dismissed lightly as a sense of purpose and a foundation for deciding right and wrong are important to human psychological health and happiness. Some people can find those answers without religion, but not all or most even. And those that do don't always do so for rational reasons nor behave rationally as a result.

      See, it's not religion itself that's really the cause of the social ills it gets blame for. Wars of dogma, intolerance and smug, judgmental treatment of others, purges of the unbelievers, and the abandonment of critical thinking all happen in anti-religious societies too. Witness the Soviet Union, China, and Cambodia. The terrible cult of personality surrounding Stalin, Mao, and Pol Pot led to untold suffering at the hands of zealots out to destroy the old, religious ways as competitors to their belief system.

      The problem is that humans are pack animals, rigged by evolution to support people close to them (e.g. tribes, clans, families, etc.) and to treat everyone else as competitors to be destroyed. We seek means of identifying who is "one of us" and who is "one of them," and religious intolerance is just a symptom, not the true causa causans.

      --
      If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
    19. Re:People are dumb panicky animals by Sardaukar86 · · Score: 2

      You can't reason with the bottom 10% of skeptics like that. [snip] They're a lost cause. You can't make them think.

      I agree completely. It's embarrassing for the rest of us who consider Religion a serious problem that needs to be addressed.

      Using empty-headed, evidence-free arguments is usually the domain of the God-botherers. Anyone considering themselves a sceptic should damn well know better.

      --
      ..Mullah or Pope, Preacher or Poet, who was it wrote: "Give any one species too much rope and they'll fuck it up"?
    20. Re: People are dumb panicky animals by vux984 · · Score: 2

      What if someone trusted (your parent, maybe) told you that his car turns into a dog when no one is looking and roams the neighbourhood stealing sausages, which it then turns into gasoline, and you believe it?

      Suppose my father confirmed your story? And my grandmother? And my school teacher. And the neighbor. And the pastor at the church. And the mayor of my city. And the president of the united states? They all confirm it.

      Yes, at that point, in the absence of good direct evidence that it WASN'T true then it would be rational to believe it.

      Note though that your particular example has lots of tests. Is the neighborhood really losing sausages? Will my neighbors corroborate the story? Have they seen the dog, lost sausages, or even heard of this phenomena. If I leave sausages in the garage will they be there in the morning. If I watch my parents (and anyone else who habitually uses it) continually for a week, but not the car itself, does it have more gas in it the next day? One can rapidly become skeptical of this claim for a myriad of reasons. The main claims religion makes, in contrast, are not so easily testable --

      Come to think of it... your sausage devouring car story has a lot of similarities to the story many of us believed as young children about a magical rabbit that tours the world in a single night producing and hiding chocolate eggs for them to find. Lots of young kids believe this, based on the word of their parents, other adults around them, and the sometimes elaborate hoax that is played on them. Why do we stop believing in the bunny? Because a we accumulate evidence that its not true, and as we grow up we learn the adults around us don't believe it either, and the hoax is admitted etc.

      But religion? It avoids evidence like shadows avoid the sun, and unlike the easter bunny, the president still proclaims his belief in God and attends church... so while we can discard the bunny between the age of 5 and 10 religion's got a much better hold.

    21. Re: People are dumb panicky animals by vux984 · · Score: 2

      With science...

      I'm not suggesting one should put religion in the same category as science in terms of how rational it is to believe in it.

      But with religion, there is no expectation that any of it was based on evidence.

      Exactly. So its perfectly rational not to believe in it. We both agree on that I'm sure.

      However, belief in a religion is not a "delusion" just because its rational not to believe in it.

      Lets take young earth creationism... at this stage of the game I consider that pretty delusional. The only way I could see anyone could rationally believe in it is if their education was badly lacking, their critical thinking skills were badly lacking, and they were surrounded by other people who believed it and who pressured them to believe it.

      Unfortunately those people exist.

      Now lets look back at your reasoned analysis of why belief in science was inherently on a much better foundation. And then start knocking the pillars out... lets take away some of your eduction so you don't really understand the scientific method, the implications of theory - prediction - experimentation - reproducibility. Then lets impair your logic and critical thinking skills a bit. Better still lets also indoctrinate you from birth to distrust scientists and those pushing 'science'.

      Not only would you unable to formulate why science is better grounded than religion, but you'd be hostile and closed minded to anyone who tried.

      You aren't "delusional" for believing young earth creationism, you are still a rational product of your upbringing.... but you are trapped by that upbringing and your circumstances.

  3. Error in summary by dkleinsc · · Score: 5, Informative

    Actually, 6 of the 20 people executed in Salem MA were men. And one of them (Giles Corey) wasn't even convicted, he just refused to plead and at the time torturing to force a plea was legal.

    --
    I am officially gone from /. Long live http://www.soylentnews.com/
    1. Re:Error in summary by Valdrax · · Score: 4, Informative

      That would be Giles Corey.

      Honestly, by all accounts, he was kind of a stubborn asshole, though his final spiteful triumph has led to him being lionized. It's worth remembering though that he was fined for beating one of his indentured servants to death over a petty theft and is said to have tangled with the law several times afterwards. He was described as "a powerful brute of a man and feared by many in the village." He also attempted to throw his wife under the bus first.

      His irascible personality and conflict with the Putnams is probably the main reason he was fingered as a witch in the first place. Probably any excuse to get rid of the miserable old coot.

      --
      If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
  4. This is hardly Facebook's fault by SirGarlon · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I blame Facebook for a lot, but I think they deserve a pass for this. "Mass hysteria" looks to me like a real phenomenon, but that doesn't mean the "victims" aren't doing in on purpose.

    For example, from one of the stories linked in the summary:

    "... At last all the nuns meowed together every day at a certain time for several hours together." The meowing went on until neighbors complained and soldiers were called, threatening to whip the nuns until they stopped meowing.

    If they can stop whenever they want, then I have a hard time calling it a "disease." It sounds more like "being an asshole." (See also, Salem witch trials.)

    --
    [Sir Garlon] is the marvellest knight that is now living, for he destroyeth many good knights, for he goeth invisible.
  5. State of (Dis)belief by tiberus · · Score: 3, Funny

    Guy: Where did you hear that?
    Girl: The Internet.
    Guy: And you believed it?
    Girl: Yeah. They can't put anything on the Internet that isn't true.
    Guy: Where did you hear that?
    Girl: The Internet.
    Girl: Oh Look, here comes my date. I met him on the internet. He's a french model.
    French Guy: Bonjour.

    Me:

    1. Re:State of (Dis)belief by Valdrax · · Score: 3, Funny

      You know, the punchline from the commercial just doesn't work if you don't give some indication that the supposed French model isn't saying "bon jour" correctly (and isn't attractive).

      --
      If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
  6. Hey man... by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Insightful

    'Wanna try some snow crash?'

  7. Social Media isn't a Vector.... by Geste · · Score: 5, Interesting

    ... it is mass hysteria.

  8. Great. A Clinical / Medical Excuse for Censorship by ClassicASP · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I can see it happening. The NSA is relatively new, so next comes the NMHPA (National Mass Hysteria Prevention Agency). They'll censor the internet systematically with advanced technology solutions and and say "No, we're not oppressing people's right to free speech. We're preventing panic caused by mass hysteria".

  9. Indeed it is by smooth+wombat · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The belief that your photos and comments are somehow important to anyone else on the planet.

    --
    We will bankrupt ourselves in the vain search for absolute security. -- Dwight D. Eisenhower
  10. Re:absolutely agree... by minstrelmike · · Score: 5, Interesting

    in defense of the religions, people weren't actually killed _because_ of the delusions. Every homo sapiens social group that operates has a belief system of some sort and probably every single one of those is incorrect in serious ways.
    And since every single social group has also killed and attacked other social groups, you don't get to blame their over-arching religion or philosophy, most of which are at odds with each other and even with themselves (being internally inconsistent). Every group has those. It's one of the ways any specific -group- is defined.

    I know most folks like to blame history on socio-political issues but they are incorrect. Every group has a religion and philosophy just as every human has a spleen, a gall bladder and ligaments. Without ligaments, nothing gets done but we don't say ligaments _cause_ individual human actions.

    Belief in a Creator God is a delusion but belief that religion causes the wars fought in its name is also a delusion.

  11. also known as the mommy sixth sense by alen · · Score: 2

    both my kids had all kinds of conditions and diseases because my wife read all kinds of crap on the mommy and parent blogs and the kids fit most of the symptoms

  12. The only thing... by argStyopa · · Score: 2

    ...the only thing that would make this even better is if these 'diseases' were fatal.

    Any disease spreadable to the special snowflakes that could catch such 'diseases' over social media could ONLY be a win for Darwin generally.

    --
    -Styopa
  13. Re:Typical psychological mambo jambo. by poity · · Score: 3, Informative

    While I think that's true for real disease in the biological sense, strange disease-like phenomena can arise from a confluence of seemingly unrelated factors.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_Plague_of_1518
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_mania

    And it raises the question if these phenomena spread like disease and harm like disease, should they be viewed any differently?

    --
    your thin skin doesn't make me a troll
  14. Re:Typical psychological mambo jambo. by Kal+Zekdor · · Score: 5, Funny

    Where once were daemon and angles...

    Exactly what sort of angles are we talking about here, accute, obtuse, right?

    Didn't you read TFS? Acute hysteria among obtuse individuals.

  15. Peanut and Gluten allergies? by Dimwit · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Not that peanut and gluten allergies don't exist, but in the past few years I've gone from knowing no one with either to running into people everywhere with one or the other. Seriously, I work with three people with gluten allergies, one guy with a peanut allergy, and the waitress who served me at a restaurant last night told me she'd never had the sandwiches there because she had a gluten allergy. Menus are popping up everywhere with gluten free options.

    Schools are setting themselves up as peanut free areas and banning all peanut products even though the number of severe food reactions in a country of 310,000,000 is less than 2000 a year, with fewer than 150 deaths from all food allergies in all age groups combined. More than ten times as many people die falling down the stairs every year, but we're not mandating that schools be single-story. The rate of deaths by firearm for school-aged children is far far higher (second most likely cause of death for high-school aged children after car accidents), but we don't ban guns from homes with school-aged children or prevent school-aged from going to friends' houses where there are guns.

    So, don't get me wrong - peanut allergies and gluten allergies most certainly exist, but the response in lots of places has been all out of proportion to the risk involved. I wonder if part of it has to do with the easy accessiblity of compatriots via social media. We as a species like to panic about things. I'm not immune: when my son was born preterm (he's fine now) my wife and I went into what could only be described as folie a deux about his health.

    --
    ...but it's being eaten...by some...Linux or something...
    1. Re:Peanut and Gluten allergies? by thoromyr · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Part of the problem is the science of allergies. Or, rather, the lack thereof. Combine this with a growing awareness of allergies and a burgeoning market in telling people what they are allergic to and you get the current state of affairs. This is complicated because no one seems to have even the slightest interest in the science of the field.

      An allergy, at least when I was growing up, was a reaction that ultimately resulted in anaphylactic shock. In principle, an allergy can kill you.

      People are complex biological organisms that are very poorly understood. There are allergies to various environmental factors (dust mites, certain plants, etc.) and to foods (peanuts and soy are perhaps the most common). But there are other ways/reasons for a body to react poorly to environmental factors or foods. I react poorly to (something in) eggs. I have an issue with casein (which is what makes cheese good, and fake cheese lacking it bad). I'm not allergic to eggs, nor do I have a milk allergy. Nevertheless, my body functions better when I consume neither.

      Allergy testing is like something out of medieval medicine. There's a common sensical understanding of it, but apparently no actual science. And if you want to make an "allergy doctor" dance, suggest that you get closely repeated testing. They don't like to admit it, but the reproducibility of allergy testing is almost non-existent and having a reasonable time interval allows insertion of vague claims such as "your body has changed". They have fluid ideas about the subject and are more interested in running tests, administering "innoculation" witch's brews, and generally making money off of the fad than actually studying the subject.

  16. Facts don't always help. by Valdrax · · Score: 2

    Actually, presenting facts to people opposed to them only seems to harden their opinion further in that direction. People are so invested in being right that they dig in deeper when their beliefs are "under attack" by facts that don't agree with what they believe.

    Amusingly, you know what makes partisanship disappear? Money. If you give a financial incentive for correct answers or for admitting ignorance, people of different political strips start giving much more similar answers rather than just spouting off whatever sound bite they've heard from their own party members.

    --
    If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
  17. Re:Hysteria by neo-mkrey · · Score: 2

    Please do not use the words 'woman' and 'women' as they contain the words 'man' and 'men', respectively.

  18. Conspiracy by psychologists? by Metathran0 · · Score: 3

    Okay, seriously? If so many people are going to hate on a field, at least have the decency to hate on the right one.

    I'm tired of so many people taking this as evidence that psychology/psychiatry is wrong or over-reactive and therefore we must never pay any attention to it. First, the article's main expert is a sociologist, not a psychologist or psychiatrist. Granted, there's some overlap in the fields, but not enough that I'd trust the guy to start diagnosing or treating people. Second, as the article goes on, the other 'experts' referenced are in order: a nurse (LPN), a neurologist, another neurologist, and whatever the hell you call someone with a PhD in the history of medicine.

    You'd think that if this were some sort of conspiracy by psychologists/psychiatrists to drum up legitimacy/business/interest for their field, they'd have the decency to at least provide an expert on their behalf.

    Oh, not that this is entirely relevant, but just for the record, psychiatrists are MDs who specialize in mental disorders. Psychologists are PhDs who specialize in mental disorders and human behaviour. Psychologists cannot prescribe medications; so all the complaints about how psychologists are people who do nothing but a front for drug companies and push pills all the live long day? You're thinking of psychiatrists (and in my experience, there are a great many psychologists who would agree with you).

  19. A book recommendation.... by tacokill · · Score: 2

    Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, by Charles Mackay

    Not only relevant but a must-read for any educated person....