Why Run Linux On Macs?
jones_supa writes Apple has always had attractive and stylish hardware, but there are always some customers opting to run Linux instead of OS X on their Macs. But why? One might think that a polished commercial desktop offering designed for that specific lineup of computers might have less rough edges than a free open source one. Actually there's plenty of motivations to choose otherwise. A redditor asked about this trend and got some very interesting answers. What are your reasons?
Why run a mac at all if your goal is to use Linux? PCs are a ton cheaper and in most cases just as good.
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My company buys apple hardware for everybody and I have been working on GNU/Linux for 15 years. I use the operating system where I'm most productive, which is GNU/Linux. Also, nowadays OSX seems to be more prone to problems that were reserved for windows users in the past, like unexplicable slugginesh, tons of crap loading at startup, etc. No thanks.
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Why run linux on mac hardware? To get systemd, of course.
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No offense, ninnle linux, but mklinux is pretty good. It's linux on top of the mach microkernel. (Think of it as a "fuck you" to gnu/hurd, though that's not why it exists :-). Since it's sponsored by Apple, it works better on Apple hardware than the stock linux kernel. Maybe now that Linux is using OS X and Sublime Text for linux development, we'll get better Macintosh support in the mainline kernel? Anyhow, mklinux is pretty cool.
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.. and completely happy. Works like a charm with long battery endurance and a rugged aluminum body. mm.
You know that hackers are always attacking mainstream OS. Use an obscure one and everyone leaves you alone.
A recent employer issued me a new 15" MacBook Pro. I really liked the weight, battery life, screen quality, and the feel of the keyboard. But the non-PC keyboard layout drove me nuts. I.e., the absence of stand-alone keys like home, end, page-up, alt, etc.
If I was using only native Mac apps, I would have been okay enough. But I was accessing Linux GUI apps within a VM, and linux console apps via SSH. It was a real challenge to get decent Mac-to-PC key bindings. I also had real finger-memory issues as I'd switch between driving Mac and Linux programs from the same keyboard.
If I could get a laptop that's just like a MacBook Pro, except it had a PC keyboard layout and a 17" screen, I'd be all over it for my Linux work. But barring that, I'll choose a non-Apple laptop.
Power Mac G4: Debian 8 runs like a champ. The latest Mac OS won't even install.
...or have other specialized needs. Apple hardware has an unparalleled build quality; no one disputes that. The only question on that front is whether you find it worthwhile to pay for that quality. My Apple Laptop is dual-boot; Windows at work and OSX at home. Both work perfectly. My home system previously also had a Linux boot volume; that worked well too. However, for MY purposes, it did nothing that other Unix variant, OSX, did not - and it was trickier to install and maintain.
So the answer is, specific needs (like my absolute IE9 requirement at work) or just like to play with the OS.
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whilst i find the practices of apple absolutely deplorable - forcing people to sign up for an ID in order to use hardware products that they have paid for, taking so much information that even *banks* won't work with them - bizarrely the amount of money that people pay them is sufficient for apple to spend considerable resources on high-quality components and design.
i have bought a stack of laptops in the past (and always installed Debian on them - see http://lkcl.net/reports/) and have found them to be okay, but always within 2 to 3 years they are showing their age or in some cases completely falling apart. the 2nd Acer TravelMate C112 i bought i actually wore a hole through the left shift key with my fingernail after 2 years of use. hard drives died, screen backlights failed, an HP laptop had such bad design on the power socket that it shorted out one day and almost caught fire. i had to scramble for a good few seconds to pull the battery out, smoke pouring out of the machine as the PMICs glowed.
about 6 years ago my partner had the opportunity to buy both an 18in and a 24in iMac at discounted prices. i immediately installed Debian on it: it took 4 days because grub2-efi was highly undocumented and experimental at the time. so i had a huge 1920x1200 24in screen (which over the next few years actually damaged my eyes because i was too close: my eyesight is now "prism" - i've documented this here on slashdot in the past), a lovely dual-core XEON, 2gb of RAM and it was *quiet*. there is a huge heatsink in the back, and the design uses passive cooling (vertical air convection).
awesome... except not very portable. and no spying or registration of confidential data with some arbitrary company that you *KNOW* is providing your details to the NSA, otherwise there's this conversation which begins "y'know it's *real* hard to get that export license for your products, if you know what i mean, mr CEO".
so, when i moved to holland i had to leave the 24in iMac behind - apart from anything, 2gb of RAM was just not enough. i leave firefox open for 4-7 days (basically until it crashes), opening over 150 sometimes even as many as 250 tabs in a single window. it gets to about 4gb of RAM and starts to become a problem: that's when i kill it. on the iMac, it was consuming most of the resident RAM. i compile programs: 2gb of RAM is barely enough for the linker phase of applications like webkit (which requires 1.6gb of RESIDENT memory in order to complete within a reasonable amount of time). i run VMs with OSes for study.
so i was used to the 1900x1200 screen now, where i could get *five* xterms across a single window. i run fvwm2 with a 6x4 virtual screen, and run over 30 xterms in different places, 3 different web browsers; as i am now developing hardware i run CAD programs in one fvwm2 virtual screen, PDFs in the ones next to it, i run Blender in one virtual screen, OpenSCAD in another, firefox in another, chromium in yet another, then i have to view and manage client machines so i use rdesktop to connect to those (move over to a free virtual window area to do it) - the list goes on and on.
so i figured, "hmmm laptop... but with good screen. must have lots of RAM too, minimum 8gb, must have decent processor". i then began investigating, and found the Lenovo Ideapad. great! let's buy it! .... except their web site crashed. so i then - reluctantly - began investigating iMac laptops. 2560x1600 LCD, 8gb of RAM, dual-core dual-threaded processor: $USD 1500 and *in the UK*, with a U.S. keyboard so nobody was buying it. researched it, saw the success reports of people installing debian on it, knew it could be done: sold, instantly.
so now i am extremely happy with this machine - not with apple themselves - but with the hardware that i have. it's light, it's fast, it's a sturdy aluminum case, the fan only comes on if i swish large OpenSCAD models around in 3D (or if firefox gets overbloated as usual).
the only downsi
Apple still has one thing going for it: Predictable hardware. Even after 15 years or so of OS X, the range of devces is fairly overseeable. If a crew gets Linux to run on a mac, they've like also gotten the drivers and all the extras to run halfway properly.
But that's about the only reason to get a mac to run linux. Besides, I'd pick up this device these days. Awesome project - deserves every support they can get.
Bottom line:
You buy a mac for the awesome hard- and software integration and their sleek product design. Using a mac without its OS isn't that smart, IMHO.
We suffer more in our imagination than in reality. - Seneca
I've run OS X since Tigar..I got this MacBookAir around the Snow Leopard/Lion days. OS X isn't an operating system anymore...it's Apple's sales platform now...BookStore..iTunes Store...AppStore...all about selling, not about a good OS. So Linux is now on this MBA...it runs sweet, less resource intensive, and doesn't phone home to anywhere when I turn it on (capture the traffic for a Mavericks/Yosemite bootup...it's ridculous...even on a clean install with nothing else installed).
OS X does a good job on my 2012 MacBook Pro, yet I have noticed that it becomes very unresponsive at times. It appears to be due to memory management issues, and switching to Linux is a far less expensive upgrade route than bumping up the memory. The other consideration is my ability to maintain the system. While OS X does make certain things easier, Linux is easier to maintain over the long-term.
From a hardware perspective, Apple devices rock. If one disregards the "walled garden" aspect, most of their equipment is well thought, with great usability and clever solutions for some annoying PC problems. That said, there are some problems:
- because they are so good, they also manage to create planned obsolescence with greater competence; other makers, while generally producing worse products, can now and then make a product that lasts forever (in the "Volkswagen Bug" sense); because of the "walled garden", these superb devices won't work with Apple things...
- some problems arose out of philosophical stances: the double-click, for instance, out of a then prevailing notion that mouses should have one button (double-click IMHO being one of the greatest turn-offs in a GUI).
From a software standpoint, one might consider Linux better than "Applesoft", because Apple software is aimed at a certain target public, which aims at not really using the PC. There's a lot of defaults and "unique better ways" of doing things. In real life, a developer or a power user might want to have a more equipped tool belt. Linux (IMHO) is more faithful to the Unix idea than OS X. Ultimately, perhaps one could install a better shell (or even Bash) and use OS X' BSD roots -- but like one considers *BSD, Linux stands stands out as a wilder frontier. Some people like that, just not the usual Apple clients.
From a human point-of-view, I was once asked whether using Linux would give any advantage over using Windows. I took into consideration the context and the nature of the one who asked... and concluded in that case it was better to stay in Windows. That was in 2003 or 2004. Fast forward to 2015 and it's becoming clear M$ is not a long term option anymore. Human attitudes change slowly, so perhaps I failed in my reply: I should have recommended Linux use, just for the technical prowess gains. Same thing with Linux versus OS X.
(I'm not an Apple fanboy, I think. Of the 8 computers in my house, only two are Apple hardware, and one of them is > 5 years old.) The rest are either Acer or System76.
A lot of people buy Apple hardware because it's a known quality and (relatively) easy to get fixed. You (probably) know you're going to pay a little extra, but you know the build quality is generally consistently good and if there are hardware issues you can take it into an Apple Store and get it fixed fairly quickly.
It's fine for people that buy PC hardware all the time to say that a particular brand or model is good price and excellent quality. Most people don't want to do that much research for a laptop or desktop. And many have burnt themselves with buying something expensive and had it go bad in a couple years or need to be troubleshooted over the phone or mailed back due to some obscure issue. Better to drag it to the local Apple Store for many.
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I've got a 2009 era MacBook Pro. Originally it ran Snow Leopard but since then I have upgraded OS's as they came out and now I'm on Yosemite. One thing I have noticed is that memory requirements have steadily gone up. At the moment I'm running an email client, Skype, Chrome and a password manager and it's using over 6GB of RAM. The same thing on Windows 8 uses less than 4GB of RAM. On Linux it's about 2.5GB of RAM.
The MacBook is pegged at 8GB of RAM - I can't add any more than that. So just a very basic load, like above, and I'm almost maxed out on RAM on OSX. That is unacceptable to me - almost unusable.
Ubuntu or Mint on the MacBook runs flawlessly. Faster, smoother, way less system load. Multi finger gestures work perfectly out of the box. The Mac trackpad, incidentally, is a major reason to run Linux on a Mac rather than a commodity PC. PC trackpads suck. Running Linux gives you infinite configurability, whereas on the Mac it is limited in that regard.
So for me on an older Mac, Linux (or even Windows 8) is a better option. The hardware still performs flawlessly (have to hand it to Apple there) and a new OS just breathes new life into it.
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Back in 2008 I bought a refurbished 2007 MBP. The machine was great, I ended up replacing the battery after 2 years. After a couple of years of use, eventually it got too old, the second battery crapped out completely. Fast forward to about 3 months ago. I began the process of ripping all 250+ CD my wife and I own. I didn't want to tie up my Linux laptop or desktop with ripping. I decided to see if the MBP would still boot on AC power, which it did. OSX was hopelessly outdated and nothing would install any new software without a progressive Apple upgrade (costing $$$), which on old hardware was not worth it.
I tried installing Mint but the installer couldn't handle the graphics card and simply initialize. I ended up getting Ubuntu to install, but it didn't like the graphics card much either. After messing with Grub I was able to get it to boot and load Unity (don't even get me started on that crap) but the software rendering was PAINFUL! I installed Gnome 2 and fiddled around with X drivers a bit to get a working machine. It runs pretty good still and is used for playing all music to my stereo. Video playback is troublesome as I suspect it's still using software rendering.
Homebrew is a decent enough package manager for my purposes.
I am a software developer and my main OS is OS X but I have VMs that I use with various flavors of Windows and Linux. OS X comes with a lot of OSS stuff built in like perl, Postgres, PHP, Python, and Apache. The problem is that they're not always the version you want and haven't necessarily been compiled with the options you need. It was especially rough early during the transition from 32 to 64 bits.
Personally I like OS X enough to deal with some minor hassles but I can see why other people might prefer to install Windows or Linux. Having choices is good.
I prefer Linux and the software ecosystem, and want a laptop with good specs, battery life, features, and build quality. So I got a Mac and run Linux. I tried OS X but don't like the interface. They kept switching up the file manager on each OS revision, hiding folders I wanted to see, and it was hard to get apps I like working properly on the OS such as Inkscape. It is just not ideal for what I want to do.
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Here's the deal. I am not a fan of Apple. If I weren't recommending a laptop to someone I would never recommend an Apple product. BUT! When it comes to laptops, Apple is really the only option. Why? Because you can walk down to the apple store and someone will fix any hardware problems for you. You can't get that with any PC maker. Heck, the best rated PC maker for customer support took a month to repair something for me, and that's after it took me weeks to get them to even look at it. If you think your laptop hardware is ever going to break or die within the timeframe of a warranty (hint: they almost always do), then Apple is really the only option.
Precisely the opposite of my experience (albeit on MB Air).
To summarize what is explained below with more details, when I bought MB Air and installed Ubuntu, I consented to:
* some configuration tweaking in the beginning (wifi, brightness bug, etc)
* occasional packet loss on Wifi (reboot resolves the issue)
* some SATA controller errors in syslog
* occasional problems with hibernation (if that happens, it succeeds if I reopen and close the lid again)
* having to hold down alt key on every reboot to boot Ubuntu (I consider this a feature as it hides my OS)
Benefits:
* quality hardware,
* longer battery life (even surpassing OS X),
* way more usable OS (personal opinion),
Longer explanation:
I was a Linux (Ubuntu mostly) user before and I did not own any MB before Air. General experience with laptops+linux was: it generally works well, except for exotic components and 3/4 of battery life compared to Windows.
I must note here that Ubuntu satisfies my computing requirements very well (sysadm work, Linux systems mostly) and having multiple workspaces and being able to quickly switch from one to another really aids mental context switch when I get the call about something unrelated to my current task.
So, when I got MBAir, I really tried (honestly, I really did) to use OS X as my primary OS. However after a couple of days of frustration (with the final nail in the OSX coffin being requirement to pay around 20$ to get workspaces in two rows!) I gave in and installed 14.04. I try to think of myself as NOT retarded for computing-related stuff, but if after a couple of days OS still feels weird (or better, if going from Ubuntu to MacOSX feels like step back), I do not believe "the most intuitive OS" any more.
Hardware wise, what surprised me was that battery life was even better than if I run OS X (15h vs 12h). Note that nothing cpu-intensive is done on this machine - it is generally a lightweight terminal to servers that do the heavy lifting.
I learned to live with glitches that come with running Ubuntu on this HW. If I had to do it all over again, I would do it all over again (except for those days of OS X frustration).
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I install all sorts of open source packages on OS X and have for years-- I just got a new MacBook with Mavericks on it, and stuff installs just fine. For things like perl and ruby I've been using perlbrew and rvm so I can have any versions I need. For most libraries, I typically install them from source rather than the package managers because there often ends up being some issue with other stuff I want to use if I do the package manager versions. It's usually pretty quick and painless.
That said, I also have VMware installed so I can do stuff in windows or linux when I need to, and it's very convenient. Plus, Yosemite is bad enough that I'm finally interested in looking at linux as a long term option to get away from the increasing number of bad decisions and serious bugs that apple has been making lately.
The few GNU/Linux users do it for idealistic reasons, or because they're developers, or because they like the latest OS on very old cheap hardware and don't mind to deal with whatever this entails.
The more interesting question is really if freedom exists when you never make use of it. (Do you actually hack the kernel or fix somebody's proprietary binary-only drivers as a GNU/Linux user?)
EFI updates. On Mac hardware, they can only be delivered by a Mac OS update. Run Linux exclusively, and you will not get firmware updates.
I'm as Mac a fanboy as one can be - but if you want to run Linux, build yourself a nice PC - far less pain that way.
I switched from Debian to OS X in 2004, then from OS X to Ubuntu in 2014. The story of the switch back is told in full here. That meant that the cheapest route for me was to install a distro on my MacBook, because I already owned it :). And it really is good hardware, so I'm happy with the amount I paid for a high-quality laptop that fulfils my needs.
The interesting part of the switch for me is the question "why not use OS X"? There are all sorts of bugs in OS X and its applications, just as there are in Linux, GNU and their applications. The difference is that I'm allowed to fix the bugs in GNU, and other people can take advantage of those fixes. So I've been learning about GTK+ and Vala, as well as getting back up to speed with GNUstep, so that when I find a bug I can contribute a fix back.
Plenty of other posters have discussed that there are cheaper GNU/Linux-compatible laptop choices, and indeed had I not already owned a MacBook I probably would've considered some of those. But "cheapest" is a non-goal for me, or at least far down the chain below reliable wifi, good battery, solid construction and (to the extent that this is at all an option on any laptop) decent keys.
So I can experience the joys of systemd and everything that comes with it, of course! You can't run all that software perfection from God's own coders on BSD.
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So I can dual boot two actually useful operating systems.
Mac OS X for video editing, Linux for development - and nearly everything else, really.
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What I meant is that you need a Mac Pro to get specs similar to a $800 PC. Just put two hard drives in RAID1 or a good video card and the iMac doesn't make it anymore. Since you have no other option, you have to go to the Mac Pro. Also I am not saying that a $800 PC is equivalent to a Mac Pro. Only that to get similar or better specs to a $800 PC, you have no other option than the Mac Pro, since the iMac will have some inferior specs.
I dislike the malls too, but truthfully - I consider the Apple retail stores a net positive, and another reason to keep buying Macs instead of something else.
If I don't want to visit a "Genius Bar", I don't have to, and neither do you. Apple has a toll free number you can call for service and support, which I've used several times before. They'll even overnight you a postage paid return mailer box to pack up your machine in, to go back to them for service, if needed. (This is identical to the service procedure I've gone through in the past with Toshiba -- except Apple is much quicker to answer their phone, vs. leaving you on hold for 45 minutes first.)
The GPU problem you're complaining about on your 2011 model of Macbook? That was a WELL known issue, across the board, with just about ALL notebook manufacturers who used those GPUs. So it's not even fair to use that as a reason you feel Macs lack quality or reliability. By contrast, I've got a 17" Macbook Pro that's from early 2010 which I leave on 24 hours/7 days (typically in a Henge dock on my office desk these days) and it's never needed service at all. It's my main work computer, and with a 512GB SSD I put in it a while back, it still feels pretty fast too. 5 years of daily use isn't bad at all for a portable, no matter what the brand.
I agree that Dell, arguably, does Apple one better in the area of service by sending out on-site technicians. BUT, I've worked for years in places that used exclusively Dell so I'm very familiar with that whole process too. Especially in more recent years, those techs are notorious for not showing up when they're scheduled, or bringing out an incorrect repair part, causing you the inconvenience of waiting around for them to show a second time.
For what it's worth, too.... Apple does have a couple of different programs you can join if you're a business user of their machines, to make the repair process a lot easier. They don't advertise these as well as I think they should, but they do exist. With one of them, you can get your own employees certified as Apple technicians so they can troubleshoot problems themselves and call Apple to get repair pairs overnighted to them under the warranty.
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