My point is, at the molecular level the kinetic energy of an atom is heat. What would make it an engine is taking a bunch of atoms with an average kinetic energy of zero (they cancel out), and create some sort of positive kinetic energy. On the smallest scale, this would involve two atoms traveling in opposite directions, suddenly both traveling in the same direction.
Heat and kinetic energy are both energies. Factoring out material properties like mass and specific heat means temperature is more analogous to the velocity of the particles.
The reason water absorbs heat at 100C and doesn't increase in temperature is because the kinetic energy of some of the water molecules become high enough that they escape the pot in the form of steam.
I think the part that creates nano-sized cone of electromagnetic radiation counts as part of the engine.
I question it being called a heat engine at all. The energy source is a laser. A laser is a highly organized beam of radiation. Heat is disorganized. This seems to have more in common with a photoelectric effect. The big difference from the photoelectric effect being the fact this system creates mechanical work instead of electric current.
My understanding of heat is it's the kinetic energy of molecules. What makes an engine is the ability to get all of the molecules to exert their energy in the same direction to do work. I like to think of the fish in the net from Finding Nemo.
If you only have a single molecule, that basically means you have a heat engine. There must be some different definition of heat than I use. Perhaps they are demonstrating radiation heating?
The SuperDraco thrusters on the Dragon 2 may have the capability to escape the Moon's weak gravitational pull. If that's true, SpaceX just needs two Dragons to land on the Moon.
I once heard that the US spends all of it's resources on Mars because the Soviets had put a lander on Venus. The US wanted to prove its superiority, so it chose to explore the more distant and inhospitable Mars.
There is also some talk of making Enlightenment and Cinnamon officially supported.
They need Cinnamon, end of story. They could have 100 different desktop environments, it doesn't matter if none are as good as Cinnamon. I just switched from Ubuntu to Mint (despite the security breach). Cinnamon is what a desktop environment on a PC should look like.
Religion is willfully pushing people to do things known to be harmful to themselves or other around for a perceived payoff in some unproven state that comes after known life, which is why it is called faith.
The spread of ignorance happening right here on Slashdot!
You may not be a religious person, but please inform yourself before you spout off about it. As a religious person, I would say religion itself is a common victim of the phenomenon in TFA. Once you know the truth, you realize religion and science are not at odds.
Wow, they should of asked for more. They would of had to pay 10 times, at least, that in any sort of legal battle.
Cellebrite will likely reap 100 times that much in new business from the publicity this generates. It's not always about making a quick buck, but about making millions of bucks over the longer term.
I priced out the services I have now. I would save $2/month ordering through Amazon. The thing is, I had to call and argue with customer service to get the rate I have now. They wanted to charge me $50/month more if I didn't call and threaten to cancel. If I don't have to deal with that frustration anymore, this service is priceless.
I remember Ubuntu Studio being a thing years ago. I haven't been active in the Ubuntu community for a while know. I don't know what happened to the project. It had a real time kernel that seemed interesting.
I am just a computer nerd, but perhaps they need to rethink the valve all together to achieve a cam-less engine. Maybe an electronic trap door that slides open and closed really fast would work better. It wouldn't need a rod to push it along the Z-axis and there's no longer a valve seat to even worry about!
The beauty of the poppet valve is that it seals tighter the higher the pressure is across it. Other valve designs have been tried, but there are always sealing and friction problems.
One of the big limiting issues in this field (BTDT) is energy consumption by the actuators and associated circuit components. Valve are heavy relative to the accelerations needed by the motion profiles. This results in ferocious energy use and dissipation.
Also opening the exhaust valves requires considerable force as there is still significant pressure in the cylinder. During the peak of development around the year 2000, most systems went with a mix of electronic and hydraulic actuators. The power consumption of a pure electronic actuator was immense, and resulted in many of those systems overheating.
Camshafts don't control when cylinders should fire, that's an already replaced component called the distributor.
There is a technology called Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI for short), that has the capability of running a gasoline engine without a spark. It's like The Holy Grail of combustion. That technology requires variable valve lift, timing, and duration. Cam-less technology would be an enabler.
rumor is the hydraulics used a ton of power. The thing was much less efficient than a traditional cam driven engine. Sure, the valve timing and lift was perfect, but it was otherwise a nightmare.
Ever break a timing belt on an interference engine? Very bad.
1) Nobody RTFM when they buy a new car
2) Nobody RTFM when the rent a car
The industry had standard, and Chrysler deviated from the standard. The benefit to deviating from the standard is nonexistent. The drawback is a safety concern.
It reminds me of push button start. Once you get over the "Gee Whiz" factor, it's a safety concern.
I see no mention of the energy put into the process vs the methanol output. Unless they are close, this would make no sense.
TFA mentions lower temperatures than other processes. That suggests the new process is more energy efficient than the old one.
Obviously, the laws of thermodynamics prevent this technology from being anything more than a way to store energy. However, it seems like they have made the process more efficient by discovering a new type of catalyst.
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what they've actually created is a single atom piston with insanely complex machinery to drive the piston.
Great analogy! When you factor in all of the equipment involved, this "engine" has perhaps the worst power density in the world.
My point is, at the molecular level the kinetic energy of an atom is heat. What would make it an engine is taking a bunch of atoms with an average kinetic energy of zero (they cancel out), and create some sort of positive kinetic energy. On the smallest scale, this would involve two atoms traveling in opposite directions, suddenly both traveling in the same direction.
Heat and kinetic energy are both energies. Factoring out material properties like mass and specific heat means temperature is more analogous to the velocity of the particles.
The reason water absorbs heat at 100C and doesn't increase in temperature is because the kinetic energy of some of the water molecules become high enough that they escape the pot in the form of steam.
I think the part that creates nano-sized cone of electromagnetic radiation counts as part of the engine.
I question it being called a heat engine at all. The energy source is a laser. A laser is a highly organized beam of radiation. Heat is disorganized. This seems to have more in common with a photoelectric effect. The big difference from the photoelectric effect being the fact this system creates mechanical work instead of electric current.
My understanding of heat is it's the kinetic energy of molecules. What makes an engine is the ability to get all of the molecules to exert their energy in the same direction to do work. I like to think of the fish in the net from Finding Nemo.
If you only have a single molecule, that basically means you have a heat engine. There must be some different definition of heat than I use. Perhaps they are demonstrating radiation heating?
everyday facebook becomes more an more like AOL circa 95-99
I hear their next project involves simulating a busy signal for 80% of the customer base when they try to log in.
The SuperDraco thrusters on the Dragon 2 may have the capability to escape the Moon's weak gravitational pull. If that's true, SpaceX just needs two Dragons to land on the Moon.
Meh, everyone has their own goals. I personally wish we'd be focusing toward a colony in Venus's cloudtops (the most Earthlike place in the solar system).
But Mars gets all the money.
I once heard that the US spends all of it's resources on Mars because the Soviets had put a lander on Venus. The US wanted to prove its superiority, so it chose to explore the more distant and inhospitable Mars.
Call me a Luddite, but my Seiko 5 keeps perfect time. The best part? I never have to charge it. Just wear it on my wrist.
I bought my wife a Citizen Ecodrive. She doesn't even have to wear it. It will be running long after we're all dead.
Smart watches are just needless complexity.
There is a not-officially-supported Ubuntu ISO which is preinstalled with Cinnamon: http://www.cubuntu.fr/
Thanks, but that sounds like a recipe for trouble.
There is also some talk of making Enlightenment and Cinnamon officially supported.
They need Cinnamon, end of story. They could have 100 different desktop environments, it doesn't matter if none are as good as Cinnamon. I just switched from Ubuntu to Mint (despite the security breach). Cinnamon is what a desktop environment on a PC should look like.
YouTube made him more than just another shitty club DJ, and stealing content via "remixing" and "sampling" is how he "made" music in the first place.
Dude literally has an album of the same song remixed six different times.
Religion is willfully pushing people to do things known to be harmful to themselves or other around for a perceived payoff in some unproven state that comes after known life, which is why it is called faith.
The spread of ignorance happening right here on Slashdot!
You may not be a religious person, but please inform yourself before you spout off about it. As a religious person, I would say religion itself is a common victim of the phenomenon in TFA. Once you know the truth, you realize religion and science are not at odds.
Wow, they should of asked for more. They would of had to pay 10 times, at least, that in any sort of legal battle.
Cellebrite will likely reap 100 times that much in new business from the publicity this generates. It's not always about making a quick buck, but about making millions of bucks over the longer term.
I priced out the services I have now. I would save $2/month ordering through Amazon. The thing is, I had to call and argue with customer service to get the rate I have now. They wanted to charge me $50/month more if I didn't call and threaten to cancel. If I don't have to deal with that frustration anymore, this service is priceless.
My money's on the NSA.
But whoever it is, I believe they knew they had this option all along.
They had the best experts in the world telling them that it could be broken, but they pursued the matter in the courts instead.
Richard A. Clarke has stated so publicly.
Besides the fact the article is lacking in its method to rank the schools, they forgot about Wheaton College.
I remember Ubuntu Studio being a thing years ago. I haven't been active in the Ubuntu community for a while know. I don't know what happened to the project. It had a real time kernel that seemed interesting.
That means that the content on anyone's phone can be stolen. Not just anyone's phone, but the phone of every politician in the world.
If politicians want to put a back door on our phones, those politicians need to use those same phones.
Which brings up another point. The US Federal Government can hack the German Chancellor's Iphone, but not the Iphone of some nut in California?
I am just a computer nerd, but perhaps they need to rethink the valve all together to achieve a cam-less engine. Maybe an electronic trap door that slides open and closed really fast would work better. It wouldn't need a rod to push it along the Z-axis and there's no longer a valve seat to even worry about!
The beauty of the poppet valve is that it seals tighter the higher the pressure is across it. Other valve designs have been tried, but there are always sealing and friction problems.
One of the big limiting issues in this field (BTDT) is energy consumption by the actuators and associated circuit components. Valve are heavy relative to the accelerations needed by the motion profiles. This results in ferocious energy use and dissipation.
Also opening the exhaust valves requires considerable force as there is still significant pressure in the cylinder. During the peak of development around the year 2000, most systems went with a mix of electronic and hydraulic actuators. The power consumption of a pure electronic actuator was immense, and resulted in many of those systems overheating.
Camshafts don't control when cylinders should fire, that's an already replaced component called the distributor.
There is a technology called Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI for short), that has the capability of running a gasoline engine without a spark. It's like The Holy Grail of combustion. That technology requires variable valve lift, timing, and duration. Cam-less technology would be an enabler.
rumor is the hydraulics used a ton of power. The thing was much less efficient than a traditional cam driven engine. Sure, the valve timing and lift was perfect, but it was otherwise a nightmare.
Ever break a timing belt on an interference engine? Very bad.
1) Nobody RTFM when they buy a new car
2) Nobody RTFM when the rent a car
The industry had standard, and Chrysler deviated from the standard. The benefit to deviating from the standard is nonexistent. The drawback is a safety concern.
It reminds me of push button start. Once you get over the "Gee Whiz" factor, it's a safety concern.
I see no mention of the energy put into the process vs the methanol output. Unless they are close, this would make no sense.
TFA mentions lower temperatures than other processes. That suggests the new process is more energy efficient than the old one.
Obviously, the laws of thermodynamics prevent this technology from being anything more than a way to store energy. However, it seems like they have made the process more efficient by discovering a new type of catalyst.