PS : I was searching to find if someone else considered "On the uses..." to be their "most depressing" story. It was a toss-up for me between "On the uses..." and "In the Barn".
Pro Tip: don't search for Anthonology (...) on Google's Play store.
What is wrong with re-reading the dead-tree version that you've already got?
Just because it's the most depressing story you're ever read, doesn't mean that it's not something you keep around for the future. If only, so you can think "I haven't read that story recently ; and I feel better for it!"
SF (or SciFi, or whichever dog you back in that almost-meaningless poo-flinging contest) as a genre between 70 and 100 years old, depending on your particular cup of tea, so on average, random samples from the history of the genre are going to be 35 to 50 years old. well into dead tree format.
Or are you one of these people who give away / sell / throw away books once you've read them and found them entertaining? I don't think I've ever met one of those - people either don't read, or keep the books they enjoy.
Even in the socialist paradise of Europe, the police are serving their corporate masters (protecting their exclusive WiFi and McDonalds and other monopolies) not the people. It's corporatism run amuck.
What socialist paradise do you come from where the police were set up for some reason other than to protect their corporate masters?
No, seriously? What were the police set up for in your country? To protect those without property from exploitation by those with property, or to protect those with property from having it taken by those without (or with less) property?
BTW, FYI in English, it's "run amok" ; English is your third language? or fourth? It sounds like "run amuck", but that's a thing that we put into the language (the homophone) to help foreigners feel appropriately apologetic (for being foreigners).
Therefore using pen and paper is completely inadequate. Human anatomy and physiology has changed so completely in the dozen years since then, that techniques which used to work are hopelessly outdated. Why, I believe that before the Millennium, people only had one head each!
As for physiology ; well, we don't use that stinking oxygen stuff any more, do we? As Captain Jack says, the twenty-first century is when everything changes.
Is Gray's Anatomy actually wrong, in any way that would be noticeable to anyone with less than 20 years on the awake end of a scalpel?
OK, I'll cede that more lecturers may use computer-drawn slides etc and have access to printing/ photocopying budgets. Or even have the students print them out. But until you get on up into doing research, then you're pretty unlikely to be encountering anything that previous generations were not capable of handling with a sharp pencil and a notepad. Two sharp pencils, if the lecturer spoke fast.
So, rather than worrying about what appears optimal, simply use the process that you're most familiar with. Otherwise you'll waste half of your expensive lecture (and tutorial) time with the people you're paying to teach you, just learning how to use whatever system you buy / cobble together / code for yourself.
I mean, here I am in Britain, with all these Olympics on the telly for free, and I am heartily looking forward to when the shit-fest is ended and back in it's coffin for then next 4 years.
Oh, bollocks - there's going to be a Winter Olymshits too, isn't there. Or did we have that and I didn't notice?
Will someone just get their finger out and nuke the bastards and get it over and done with. Who won the 457kev javlin catch? The third greasy stain on the wall from the left. Next question?
... do people in the civilized world (of countries with a border on less than two coasts of {Atlantic ; Pacific} need to worry about the difference between neighbourhood laws and effective national laws?
Sorry to Canada, Mexico, Guatemala and Panama (arguably) ; it's not you , it's the company you keep.
Who, in the civilized world, gives a shit about the "average American?"
In the civilized world, we worry about the carefully selected sub-set of "my country right or wrong" Americans who get to put their fingers on the launch buttons for *our* nuclear death.
Which is why we want our own, non-American nukes.
Goose, sauce, gander, for ; rearrange, with a few adverbs.
Now try pretending that you think Jesus will magic you into heaven Real Soon Now. Because that's exactly what the end-times fundie Christians are about.
That is precisely why such delusional lunatics (religionists in general, not Xtians in particular) need to be caged and confined to an isolated island with the "people" (I use the word in an anatomical sense) who share their delusions.
Just use napalm and machine-guns at the borders, to destroy escapees. The truly faithful will survive the hecatomb ; the contingently faithful will become fertilizer ; the world will be better for their extirpation. Give it ten generations.
Continue (or accelerate) the process of shooting the failures in the front of the head. The failures will be, ultimately, unimportant ; the survivors will be the only significant people.
Next week, while we're all watching NBC, a nuclear-powered, MINI-Cooper-sized super rover will land on Mars.
I know quite well enough about the Mars rover - the drivers-to-be have been blogging and tweeting excitedly about it for months.
But why are you having to put on NBC suits? Have you had some chemical leak or something? Does that mean the Mars rovers will be our final remaining legacy?
But still, this man has the ego the size of a medieval castle and thought he was above the law. He himself lent the bad guys the weapons they used to destroy him. A pity, but a self inflicted pity.
"I gave them a sword... and they stuck it into me"
Allegedly by "Tricky Dicky", one of the more obviously corrupt American politicians of the last century.
I'm not sure about the weights of the American cars or trucks you're comparing, but I just looked up the numbers for my car (VW, Polo Match, 3dr 1.2litre 60PS engine, 2011 model) and got 1067kg kerbside weight ; say 1100 kg with the tank full, the "heart-start" machine in the boot and the usual bits and pieces floating around in the back. That's... pretty close to your 2k5 pounds.
Of course, that's with a 3-cylinder economy-optimised engine. We're getting around 11 miles per litre (50-something miles per UK gallon ; I forget the conversion factor for US gallons. Are US miles the same as UK miles?)
It costs very little and takes very little to refine and smelt for. Lithium is a magnitude more intensive to mine due to its rarity and density within the ground; a lot more ore must be smelted to acquire a similar volume of metal - never mind weight.
Oh, a geology question! I'm qualified to answer those. Yes, lithium ores are fewer and further between than lead ores ; but lead itself is pretty rare too. In terms of total amounts available... 1.1ppm for lithium ; 0.23ppm for lead (averaged over the whole Earth). 4 times as much lithium as lead. The difference is that lead is less "compatible" than lithium so is separated out from silicate minerals during magmatic processes and concentrated significantly into ore bodies. The lithium instead remains well distributed through a variety of silicate mineral structures, and only rarely concentrates to form an economically viable ore body. Off the top of my head I can only think of one mineral that has a significant lithium concentration (a mica) but there are dozens of well-characterised lead minerals - I've got a number in my rock pile.
It was news to me, but no surprise, that an increasing amount of lithium production is from processing of brines. So ultimately the processing could go down to processing seawater, if the concentrations are high enough. "Smart mining" becomes quite credible, for example a suitably tailored ion-exchange resin could pull lithium out at pretty low concentrations, requiring little more technology than a coastline and a pump. Or a suitable reverse osmosis membrane as part of a desalination plant. No pits ; no miners ; no hassles.
Lithium is roughly a 30th as dense as lead.
S.G. Li = 0.53 ; S.G. Pb = 11.34 ; ratio 21.
It is massively more expensive because of the necessity to perform all reclamation operations at -330F.
What?
I see one recycler saying that the first step of their process is to freeze the batteries in liquid nitrogen, then shred and crush them. The frozen batteries would be much more brittle than at room temperature, so you can get a finer grain size more quickly. After that... they don't go into details, but separating by density (air current, or water current?) would be pretty high on my list of suspects. Magnetic separation too - if there's any structural iron in the powder.
The same site (there's not a lot of detail about how recycling is done) gives the cost of battery recycling as $1000 to 2000/ton (without specifying the battery chemistry), with an aspiration of $300/ton. Which is not a zero cost. But no-one I've heard has been claiming that recycling is a zero-cost option (the claims are that recycling is less expensive than dumping followed by remediation ; remediation is extremely expensive).
And as a gas, it passes freely through any known material at room temperature because hydrogen2 molecules are as small as molecules get.
Helium is a smaller (monatomic) molecule. And harder to plumb for. Not impossible to plumb for, just harder.
Plumbing to handle hydrogen or helium is a bitch. It can be done, but it is a bitch to get right.
I used to work with a guy who was a good, skilled car mechanic. It took him several years in the job before he really did learn that his lazy habits acquired working on fuel systems in cars were not good enough for the gas systems, and that he really did have to do everything "by the book" : torque the fittings using a torque wrench, not by "feel" ; don't mix steel and brass inappropriately ; always use sealant, and do let it go tacky before assembly.
In the event of a "hydrogen economy" tomorrow, I predict people will die (re-)learning these lessons. Slowly. It's not enough to prevent the adoption of hydrogen, but it is a new set of skills that people will have to learn.
Having said that, for so many things these days maintenance contracts are becoming mandatory, and I don't see that tendency slowing. So quite plausibly, by the time that hydrogen is in common use as a fuel, it'll be a criminal offence to run a vehicle on the public roads which has had maintenance done by an unlicensed mechanic (and enforcement will be by ANPR on the public roads). Similarly, it is already obligatory (here) for annual inspection of gas-fired heating systems in properties made available for rental.
I don't think that we've got a PC in the house which is less than two years old. OTOH, it's probably over five years since I built a desktop and had to even think about video cards. Then again, my games collection consists of ~1989 Civilisation, ~1993 UFO, and a Doom-a-like, which I gather are hardly cutting edge.
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PS : I was searching to find if someone else considered "On the uses..." to be their "most depressing" story. It was a toss-up for me between "On the uses ..." and "In the Barn".
What is wrong with re-reading the dead-tree version that you've already got?
Just because it's the most depressing story you're ever read, doesn't mean that it's not something you keep around for the future. If only, so you can think "I haven't read that story recently ; and I feel better for it!"
SF (or SciFi, or whichever dog you back in that almost-meaningless poo-flinging contest) as a genre between 70 and 100 years old, depending on your particular cup of tea, so on average, random samples from the history of the genre are going to be 35 to 50 years old. well into dead tree format.
Or are you one of these people who give away / sell / throw away books once you've read them and found them entertaining? I don't think I've ever met one of those - people either don't read, or keep the books they enjoy.
Does she at least have big tits, or suck well?
What socialist paradise do you come from where the police were set up for some reason other than to protect their corporate masters?
No, seriously? What were the police set up for in your country? To protect those without property from exploitation by those with property, or to protect those with property from having it taken by those without (or with less) property?
BTW, FYI in English, it's "run amok" ; English is your third language? or fourth? It sounds like "run amuck", but that's a thing that we put into the language (the homophone) to help foreigners feel appropriately apologetic (for being foreigners).
As for physiology ; well, we don't use that stinking oxygen stuff any more, do we? As Captain Jack says, the twenty-first century is when everything changes.
Is Gray's Anatomy actually wrong, in any way that would be noticeable to anyone with less than 20 years on the awake end of a scalpel?
OK, I'll cede that more lecturers may use computer-drawn slides etc and have access to printing/ photocopying budgets. Or even have the students print them out. But until you get on up into doing research, then you're pretty unlikely to be encountering anything that previous generations were not capable of handling with a sharp pencil and a notepad. Two sharp pencils, if the lecturer spoke fast.
So, rather than worrying about what appears optimal, simply use the process that you're most familiar with. Otherwise you'll waste half of your expensive lecture (and tutorial) time with the people you're paying to teach you, just learning how to use whatever system you buy / cobble together / code for yourself.
Oh, bollocks - there's going to be a Winter Olymshits too, isn't there. Or did we have that and I didn't notice?
Will someone just get their finger out and nuke the bastards and get it over and done with. Who won the 457kev javlin catch? The third greasy stain on the wall from the left. Next question?
Which limb?
Or, more precisely :
Which limb, first?
Sorry to Canada, Mexico, Guatemala and Panama (arguably) ; it's not you , it's the company you keep.
Not one of the above given.
Will my 1996 Hotmail address continue to collect spam?
Will the 'integration' work with my domestic Linux machines?
Then everyone will be safe from disquieting questions.
Who, in the civilized world, gives a shit about the "average American?"
In the civilized world, we worry about the carefully selected sub-set of "my country right or wrong" Americans who get to put their fingers on the launch buttons for *our* nuclear death.
Which is why we want our own, non-American nukes.
Goose, sauce, gander, for ; rearrange, with a few adverbs.
That is precisely why such delusional lunatics (religionists in general, not Xtians in particular) need to be caged and confined to an isolated island with the "people" (I use the word in an anatomical sense) who share their delusions.
Just use napalm and machine-guns at the borders, to destroy escapees. The truly faithful will survive the hecatomb ; the contingently faithful will become fertilizer ; the world will be better for their extirpation.
Give it ten generations.
Continue (or accelerate) the process of shooting the failures in the front of the head. The failures will be, ultimately, unimportant ; the survivors will be the only significant people.
You're confusing the funders with the people doing the research.
I know quite well enough about the Mars rover - the drivers-to-be have been blogging and tweeting excitedly about it for months.
But why are you having to put on NBC suits? Have you had some chemical leak or something? Does that mean the Mars rovers will be our final remaining legacy?
They're the ones to watch out for, the harmless seeming ones. When was the last time you saw a axe murderer that looked like an axe murderer?
Which reminds me, I need a new axe. Or a billhook. Chainsaws are so tasteless.
Backup early.
Backup often.
And you'll be back up soon.
Does the US constitution apply to non-Americans?
Probably not, judging by this example.
"I gave them a sword ... and they stuck it into me"
Allegedly by "Tricky Dicky", one of the more obviously corrupt American politicians of the last century.
Of course, that's with a 3-cylinder economy-optimised engine. We're getting around 11 miles per litre (50-something miles per UK gallon ; I forget the conversion factor for US gallons. Are US miles the same as UK miles?)
Oh, a geology question! I'm qualified to answer those. Yes, lithium ores are fewer and further between than lead ores ; but lead itself is pretty rare too. In terms of total amounts available ... 1.1ppm for lithium ; 0.23ppm for lead (averaged over the whole Earth). 4 times as much lithium as lead. The difference is that lead is less "compatible" than lithium so is separated out from silicate minerals during magmatic processes and concentrated significantly into ore bodies. The lithium instead remains well distributed through a variety of silicate mineral structures, and only rarely concentrates to form an economically viable ore body. Off the top of my head I can only think of one mineral that has a significant lithium concentration (a mica) but there are dozens of well-characterised lead minerals - I've got a number in my rock pile.
It was news to me, but no surprise, that an increasing amount of lithium production is from processing of brines. So ultimately the processing could go down to processing seawater, if the concentrations are high enough. "Smart mining" becomes quite credible, for example a suitably tailored ion-exchange resin could pull lithium out at pretty low concentrations, requiring little more technology than a coastline and a pump. Or a suitable reverse osmosis membrane as part of a desalination plant. No pits ; no miners ; no hassles.
S.G. Li = 0.53 ; S.G. Pb = 11.34 ; ratio 21.
What?
I see one recycler saying that the first step of their process is to freeze the batteries in liquid nitrogen, then shred and crush them. The frozen batteries would be much more brittle than at room temperature, so you can get a finer grain size more quickly. After that ... they don't go into details, but separating by density (air current, or water current?) would be pretty high on my list of suspects. Magnetic separation too - if there's any structural iron in the powder.
The same site (there's not a lot of detail about how recycling is done) gives the cost of battery recycling as $1000 to 2000/ton (without specifying the battery chemistry), with an aspiration of $300/ton. Which is not a zero cost. But no-one I've heard has been claiming that recycling is a zero-cost option (the claims are that recycling is less expensive than dumping followed by remediation ; remediation is extremely expensive).
Helium is a smaller (monatomic) molecule. And harder to plumb for. Not impossible to plumb for, just harder.
Plumbing to handle hydrogen or helium is a bitch. It can be done, but it is a bitch to get right.
I used to work with a guy who was a good, skilled car mechanic. It took him several years in the job before he really did learn that his lazy habits acquired working on fuel systems in cars were not good enough for the gas systems, and that he really did have to do everything "by the book" : torque the fittings using a torque wrench, not by "feel" ; don't mix steel and brass inappropriately ; always use sealant, and do let it go tacky before assembly.
In the event of a "hydrogen economy" tomorrow, I predict people will die (re-)learning these lessons. Slowly. It's not enough to prevent the adoption of hydrogen, but it is a new set of skills that people will have to learn.
Having said that, for so many things these days maintenance contracts are becoming mandatory, and I don't see that tendency slowing. So quite plausibly, by the time that hydrogen is in common use as a fuel, it'll be a criminal offence to run a vehicle on the public roads which has had maintenance done by an unlicensed mechanic (and enforcement will be by ANPR on the public roads). Similarly, it is already obligatory (here) for annual inspection of gas-fired heating systems in properties made available for rental.
Don't worry ; if we had "free energy" (impossible, I know) we'd get there.
Ha ha. But serious.
I don't think that we've got a PC in the house which is less than two years old. OTOH, it's probably over five years since I built a desktop and had to even think about video cards. Then again, my games collection consists of ~1989 Civilisation, ~1993 UFO, and a Doom-a-like, which I gather are hardly cutting edge.
Getting started young, eh? Well done that man!