No, there's no casting going on, because "2" in that context isn't an int, it's a member of the "Num" typeclass; you didn't specify a type for "2", so the compiler infers an appropriate one.
Prelude>:t 2 2:: forall t. (Num t) => t Prelude>:t 3.0 3.0:: forall t. (Fractional t) => t Prelude>:t 2 + 3.0 2 + 3.0:: forall a. (Fractional a) => a
Now try this:
Prelude> let x = 2 in x + 3.0 5.0 Prelude> let x = 2:: Int in x + 3.0
<interactive>:1:
No instance for (Fractional Int)
arising from the literal `3.0' at <interactive>:1
In the second argument of `(+)', namely `3.0'
In the definition of `it': it = let x = 2:: Int in x + 3.0
The point of the article, though, was that you'd then get fired if the movie made less bank than "Titanic", because "everybody in the industry knew that movie was crap".
TOKYO - jAPan PLans to sPenD aBOUt 1 BillIOn YEn (Us$8.3 MIllioN) funDiNg AsIAN sOFtwAre DeVeLOpERs Working oN tHE oPen-SoURCE LiNux (newS - wEb SItES) oPeRaTInG SYStem FOR ConSuMer eLECtrOnICS GOodS, An oFFiCiAl SaId WEDnEsdaY. mInIStrY OF ecONOmy, trADe And INDustrY offIciAL SHUICHi tASHIRO sAID tHe suBSIDiEs Will bE dOleD OUt Next FISCAl yEar, whIcH bEGins AprIL 1. JAPAN is beTtiNg ThaT the nEXt-GEnErAtIoN OF HIGH-TecH pRoDucTs anD cOmputEr nETWORkS wIlL ReLy on opeN-soUrce sOFTWaRE, In WhICH ThE UndERLYING Code Is pubLiC ANd OpEN FOr ModIFICaTIon, uNlIKE MicRoSoFt'S prOprIeTARy SofTWare. TOkYo Has alReAdy budgetED 50 MiLlIOn Yen (uS$416,000) fOr NeXt fISCal YEaR To sTuDY The PossiBiLitY OF SWiTcHING GovERNMENt COmPuters To an Open-sourcE OPeraTiNg syStEM. liKe comPuterS, mosT hIGh-TeCH eleCTRoniCs PRoducTS SucH AS dIGitAl CAmERAS, ReFriGeRAtOrS aND aiR cONDitioneRS rEQUIRe BuilT-IN soFTwaRE to CoNtROl ThEiR FUnCTiONs. U.S. coMputeR GIanT ibm has ThROwn ITs COnSIdERaBle WEIgHT BeHInD open-soURcE soFtWArE, and sOmE jaPanESe CompanIeS ARe joinIng iN. iN dEceMBeR, soNY cOrP (nEws - wEB siteS). ANd matSusHiTa eleCTric indUsTriaL cO., both MAjOr JaPanEsE ElECtRONics maKeRs, sAiD tHeY wIll JoIntlY deVelOP a LinuX-Based SyStEm FOR dIGitAl COnSumeR ElectRONiCs.
Every day the factory whistle bellowed forth its shrill, roaring, trembling noises into the smoke-begrimed and greasy atmosphere of the workingmen's suburb; and obedient to the summons of the power of steam, people poured out of little gray houses into the street. With somber faces they hastened forward like frightened roaches, their muscles stiff from insufficient sleep. In the chill morning twilight they walked through the narrow, unpaved street to the tall stone cage that waited for them with cold assurance, illumining their muddy road with scores of greasy, yellow, square eyes. The mud plashed under their feet as if in mocking commiseration. Hoarse exclamations of sleepy voices were heard; irritated, peevish, abusive language rent the air with malice; and, to welcome the people, deafening sounds floated about--the heavy whir of machinery, the dissatisfied snort of steam. Stern and somber, the black chimneys stretched their huge, thick sticks high above the village.
In the evening, when the sun was setting, and red rays languidly glimmered upon the windows of the houses, the factory ejected its people like burned-out ashes, and again they walked through the streets, with black, smoke-covered faces, radiating the sticky odor of machine oil, and showing the gleam of hungry teeth. But now there was animation in their voices, and even gladness. The servitude of hard toil was over for the day. Supper awaited them at home, and respite.
The day was swallowed up by the factory; the machine sucked out of men's muscles as much vigor as it needed. The day was blotted out from life, not a trace of it left. Man made another imperceptible step toward his grave; but he saw close before him the delights of rest, the joys of the odorous tavern, and he was satisfied.
On holidays the workers slept until about ten o'clock. Then the staid and married people dressed themselves in their best clothes and, after duly scolding the young folks for their indifference to church, went to hear mass. When they returned from church, they ate pirogs, the Russian national pastry, and again lay down to sleep until the evening. The accumulated exhaustion of years had robbed them of their appetites, and to be able to eat they drank, long and deep, goading on their feeble stomachs with the biting, burning lash of vodka.
In the evening they amused themselves idly on the street; and those who had overshoes put them on, even if it was dry, and those who had umbrellas carried them, even if the sun was shining. Not everybody has overshoes and an umbrella, but everybody desires in some way, however small, to appear more important than his neighbor.
Meeting one another they spoke about the factory and the machines, had their fling against their foreman, conversed and thought only of matters closely and manifestly connected with their work. Only rarely, and then but faintly, did solitary sparks of impotent thought glimmer in the wearisome monotony of their talk. Returning home they quarreled with their wives, and often beat them, unsparing of their fists. The young people sat in the taverns, or enjoyed evening parties at one another's houses, played the accordion, sang vulgar songs devoid of beauty, danced, talked ribaldry, and drank.
Exhausted with toil, men drank swiftly, and in every heart there awoke and grew an incomprehensible, sickly irritation. It demanded an outlet. Clutching tenaciously at every pretext for unloading themselves of this disquieting sensation, they fell on one another for mere trifles, with the spiteful ferocity of beasts, breaking into bloody quarrels which sometimes ended in serious injury and on rare occasions even in murder.
This lurking malice steadily increased, inveterate as the incurable weariness in their muscles. They were born with this disease of the soul inherited from their fathers. Like a black shadow it accompanied them to their graves, spurring on their lives to crime, hideous in its aimless cruelty and brutality.
On holidays the young people came home late at night, dirty and dusty, their clothes torn, their faces bruised, boasting maliciously of the blows they had struck their companions, or the insults they had inflicted upon them; enraged or in tears over the indignities they themselves had suffered; drunken and piteous, unfortunate and repulsive. Sometimes the boys would be brought home by the mother or the father, who had picked them up in the street or in a tavern, drunk to insensibility. The parents scolded and swore at them peevishly, and beat their spongelike bodies, soaked with liquor; then more or less systematically put them to bed, in order to rouse them to work early next morning, when the bellow of the whistle should sullenly course through the air.
They scolded and beat the children soundly, notwithstanding the fact that drunkenness and brawls among young folk appeared perfectly legitimate to the old people. When they were young they, too, had drunk and fought; they, too, had been beaten by their mothers and fathers. Life had always been like that. It flowed on monotonously and slowly somewhere down the muddy, turbid stream, year after year; and it was all bound up in strong ancient customs and habits that led them to do one and the same thing day in and day out. None of them, it seemed, had either the time or the desire to attempt to change this state of life.
Once in a long while a stranger would come to the village. At first he attracted attention merely because he was a stranger. Then he aroused a light, superficial interest by the stories of the places where he had worked. Afterwards the novelty wore off, the people got used to him, and he remained unnoticed. From his stories it was clear that the life of the workingmen was the same everywhere. And if so, then what was there to talk about?
Occasionally, however, some stranger spoke curious things never heard of in the suburb. The men did not argue with him, but listened to his odd speeches with incredulity. His words aroused blind irritation in some, perplexed alarm in others, while still others were disturbed by a feeble, shadowy glimmer of the hope of something, they knew not what. And they all began to drink more in order to drive away the unnecessary, meddlesome excitement.
Noticing in the stranger something unusual, the villagers cherished it long against him and treated the man who was not like them with unaccountable apprehension. It was as if they feared he would throw something into their life which would disturb its straight, dismal course. Sad and difficult, it was yet even in its tenor. People were accustomed to the fact that life always oppressed them with the same power. Unhopeful of any turn for the better, they regarded every change as capable only of increasing their burden.
And the workingmen of the suburb tacitly avoided people who spoke unusual things to them. Then these people disappeared again, going off elsewhere, and those who remained in the factory lived apart, if they could not blend and make one whole with the monotonous mass in the village.
Living a life like that for some fifty years, a workman died.
Thus also lived Michael Vlasov, a gloomy, sullen man, with little eyes which looked at everybody from under his thick eyebrows suspiciously, with a mistrustful, evil smile. He was the best locksmith in the factory, and the strongest man in the village. But he was insolent and disrespectful toward the foreman and the superintendent, and therefore earned little; every holiday he beat somebody, and everyone disliked and feared him.
More than one attempt was made to beat him in turn, but without success. When Vlasov found himself threatened with attack, he caught a stone in his hand, or a piece of wood or iron, and spreading out his legs stood waiting in silence for the enemy. His face overgrown with a dark beard from his eyes to his neck, and his hands thickly covered with woolly hair, inspired everybody with fear. People were especially afraid of his eyes. Small and keen, they seemed to bore through a man like steel gimlets, and everyone who met their gaze felt he was confronting a beast, a savage power, inaccessible to fear, ready to strike unmercifully.
"Well, pack off, dirty vermin!" he said gruffly. His coarse, yellow teeth glistened terribly through the thick hair on his face. The men walked off uttering coward abuse.
"Dirty vermin!" he snapped at them, and his eyes gleamed with a smile sharp as an awl. Then holding his head in an attitude of direct challenge, with a short, thick pipe between his teeth, he walked behind them, and now and then called out: "Well, who wants death?"
No one wanted it.
He spoke little, and "dirty vermin" was his favorite expression. It was the name he used for the authorities of the factory, and the police, and it was the epithet with which he addressed his wife: "Look, you dirty vermin, don't you see my clothes are torn?"
When Pavel, his son, was a boy of fourteen, Vlasov was one day seized with the desire to pull him by the hair once more. But Pavel grasped a heavy hammer, and said curtly:
"Don't touch me!"
"What!" demanded his father, bending over the tall, slender figure of his son like a shadow on a birch tree.
"Enough!" said Pavel. "I am not going to give myself up any more."
And opening his dark eyes wide, he waved the hammer in the air.
His father looked at him, folded his shaggy hands on his back, and, smiling, said:
"All right." Then he drew a heavy breath and added: "Ah, you dirty vermin!"
Shortly after this he said to his wife:
"Don't ask me for money any more. Pasha will feed you now."
"And you will drink up everything?" she ventured to ask.
"None of your business, dirty vermin!" From that time, for three years, until his death, he did not notice, and did not speak to his son.
Vlasov had a dog as big and shaggy as himself. She accompanied him to the factory every morning, and every evening she waited for him at the gate. On holidays Vlasov started off on his round of the taverns. He walked in silence, and stared into people's faces as if looking for somebody. His dog trotted after him the whole day long. Returning home drunk he sat down to supper, and gave his dog to eat from his own bowl. He never beat her, never scolded, and never petted her. After supper he flung the dishes from the table--if his wife was not quick enough to remove them in time--put a bottle of whisky before him, and leaning his back against the wall, began in a hoarse voice that spread anguish about him to bawl a song, his mouth wide open and his eyes closed. The doleful sounds got entangled in his mustache, knocking off the crumbs of bread. He smoothed down the hair of his beard and mustache with his thick fingers and sang-- sang unintelligible words, long drawn out. The melody recalled the wintry howl of wolves. He sang as long as there was whisky in the bottle, then he dropped on his side upon the bench, or let his head sink on the table, and slept in this way until the whistle began to blow. The dog lay at his side.
When he died, he died hard. For five days, turned all black, he rolled in his bed, gnashing his teeth, his eyes tightly closed. Sometimes he would say to his wife: "Give me arsenic. Poison me."
She called a physician. He ordered hot poultices, but said an operation was necessary and the patient must be taken at once to the hospital.
"Go to the devil! I will die by myself, dirty vermin!" said Michael.
And when the physician had left, and his wife with tears in her eyes began to insist on an operation, he clenched his fists and announced threateningly:
"Don't you dare! It will be worse for you if I get well."
He died in the morning at the moment when the whistle called the men to work. He lay in the coffin with open mouth, his eyebrows knit as if in a scowl. He was buried by his wife, his son, the dog, an old drunkard and thief, Daniel Vyesovshchikov, a discharged smelter, and a few beggars of the suburb. His wife wept a little and quietly; Pavel did not weep at all. The villagers who met the funeral in the street stopped, crossed themselves, and said to one another: "Guess Pelagueya is glad he died!" And some corrected: "He didn't die; he rotted away like a beast."
When the body was put in the ground, the people went away, but the dog remained for a long time, and sitting silently on the fresh soil, she sniffed at the grave.
"Putting the honey in honeynet since '98." Introduction: Several months ago, GOBBLES Security was recruited by the RIAA (riaa.org) to invent, create, and finally deploy the future of antipiracy tools. We focused on creating virii/worm hybrids to infect and spread over p2p nets. Until we became RIAA contracters, the best they could do was to passively monitor traffic. Our contributions to the RIAA have given them the power to actively control the majority of hosts using these networks. We focused our research on vulnerabilities in audio and video players. The idea was to come up with holes in various programs, so that we could spread malicious media through the p2p networks, and gain access to the host when the media was viewed. During our research, we auditted and developed our hydra for the following media tools: mplayer (www.mplayerhq.org) WinAMP (www.winamp.com) Windows Media Player (www.microsoft.com) xine (xine.sourceforge.net) mpg123 (www.mpg123.de) xmms (www.xmms.org) After developing robust exploits for each, we presented this first part of our research to the RIAA. They were pleased, and approved us to continue to phase two of the project -- development of the mechanism by which the infection will spread. It took us about a month to develop the complex hydra, and another month to bring it up to the standards of excellence that the RIAA demanded of us. In the end, we submitted them what is perhaps the most sophisticated tool for compromising millions of computers in moments. Our system works by first infecting a single host. It then fingerprints a connecting host on the p2p network via passive traffic analysis, and determines what the best possible method of infection for that host would be. Then, the proper search results are sent back to the "victim" (not the hard-working artists who p2p technology rapes, and the RIAA protects). The user will then (hopefully) download the infected media file off the RIAA server, and later play it on their own machine. When the player is exploited, a few things happen. First, all p2p-serving software on the machine is infected, which will allow it to infect other hosts on the p2p network. Next, all media on the machine is cataloged, and the full list is sent back to the RIAA headquarters (through specially crafted requests over the p2p networks), where it is added to their records and stored until a later time, when it can be used as evidence in criminal proceedings against those criminals who think it's OK to break the law. Our software worked better than even we hoped, and current reports indicate that nearly 95% of all p2p-participating hosts are now infected with the software that we developed for the RIAA. Things to keep in mind: 1) If you participate in illegal file-sharing networks, your computer now belongs to the RIAA. 2) Your BlackIce Defender(tm) firewall will not help you. 3) Snort, RealSecure, Dragon, NFR, and all that other crap cannot detect this attack, or this type of attack. 4) Don't fuck with the RIAA again, scriptkids. 5) We have our own private version of this hydra actively infecting p2p users, and building one giant ddosnet. Due to our NDA with the RIAA, we are unable to give out any other details concerning the technology that we developed for them, or the details on any of the bugs that are exploited in our hydra. However, as a demonstration of how this system works, we're providing the academic security community with a single example exploit, for a mpg123 bug that was found independantly of our work for the RIAA, and is not covered under our agreement with the establishment. Affected Software: mpg123 (pre0.59s) http://www.mpg123.de Problem Type: Local && Remote Vendor Notification Status: The professional staff of GOBBLES Security believe that by releasing our advisories without vendor notification of any sort is cute and humorous, so this is also the first time the vendor has been made aware of this problem. We hope that you're as amused with our maturity as we are.;PpPppPpPpPPPpP Exploit Available: Yes, attached below. Technical Description of Problem: Read the source. Credits: Special thanks to stran9er@openwall.com for the ethnic-cleansing shellcode.
"will be derived from the needs of your digital workflow"
"the requirements of my digital workflow are continually subject to change" "one workflow requirement always remains the same: I need speed" "It also represents a significant bottleneck in any workflow" "If the processing of RAW photos in particular is where your workflow hangs up"
Is there any better way to proclaim your fag-dom than by not only using a word as fucking gay as "workflow", but using it over.... and over.... and over again?
And to preempt the obvious reply, let me say that I mean "other than by being a half-assed crapflooder on/."?
This BoOK IS a GreAT eXAmple oF tHAT. IT cOMes CoMplEte wITh THrEe cds COnTaiNINg rED haT lInuX (WHIch, I asSumE, arE thE sAMe as or vErY SImILAr To the THreE THat COME wITh RED HAT's OWN sHRINk-wRAPPed pRoduCt) aNd it THEreFOre StaRts witH InSTallIng rEd HaT lInUx. hOwevER, soMe ThoUsaNd Or So pAGES latEr, tHE sAME BooK IS tAlKInG aBOUt soME rEallY quitE aDVaNcEd SYsTEmS AdmInistRaTIon tAsks. I'M rEAlLy NOT SUrE thAT thE SaMe AudIence wiLl nEeD bOth of thosE eNdS of The SPEcTRUm.
lET's TaKE A lOOk AT The contENTs IN MORE dEtAiL:
Chapter 1 gIVEs A UseFul ReViEW OF reD hat LiNUx. It prEttY Much ASsuMes thaT the rEadER kNowS NoTHING aBoUT liNUx And GOES inTo SOME DEtAIL aboUT WhAT liNUx iS And WheRe iT COMeS frOM. IT eVen TaKEs tImE OuT at onE POiNT tO ExpLAiN WHaT an opERaTiNg sYSTeM iS. tHe BoOk dOes sCore A feW eArly PoiNTS fOR KNOwInG tHe DIFFEreNcE BETwEEN "hackerS" And "cRackERs" and USing thE TERMs COrrEctlY. tHIS cHapter enDs WiTh a mORE DeTaILED lOok aT rEd HAT LiNUx aNd SOMe of ThE cHaNgeS thaT WEre INtrOdUCed WiTh vERsIOn 8.0. cHaPTER 2 covERS THe inSTallATION Of rED hAt linuX. It DOEs A gOOD JOB OF ExplAiNinG THiS in a wAY ThAt WOuld Be CleaR to sOMeOnE WItH No PrEViOus knOWledge oF how TO dO ThIs.
CHApTeR 3 iS tHe sTaRT OF tHe SeCOnd MajOr SEctIon Of The BoOk wHICh INTrODuCeS THe daY-TO-Day uSe OF rED hat lINUX. IN ChaPTer 3 WE lOok at loGGINg intO the systEm AND Get An inTroDucTIOn TO UsIng uniX FrOM the cOMMaNd lIne. cHapteR 4 GOes INTo A similAr LEVel Of DETAIl On uSING THe TwO dOminAnt GUI envIRONmentS -- GnOMe AND kDE. FoR a BEgiNNER, IT may HAVe MaDE mOrE sENse tO HAve THEsE CHaPteRS thE OtheR Way ROuND aS moST rEd HAT InstallATioNs wIlL Boot STRAIGHT InTO a guI enVIRONMENT anD ONe of REd HAT's changES for VErSioN 8.0 wAs TO mAKE iT FAr hARDeR tO wOrK ouT hoW To geT a sHELL wiNDow Open.
CHapTeR 5 staRTs tO LoOk AT at lINUx apPLicaTIONS. It BEGIns WiTh A Table Of COmMON WInDOws aPPliCATioNs and tHEir LinUx COUnTErPARtS. iT tHeN gOes On TO dIScuss FiNdIng, DOwnlOaDIng AND InstaLLing nEw aPPlICaTIOnS wHere, TO mY MiND, IT WOULd have BEeN moRe sensibLE to FIRST LoOK At uSiNG SOMe of tHe pRE-InsTallED APpLiCatIONs. THe CHaPTEr ALso InCludeS DEtaiLs On usInG thE Red hAT PaCkAger MaNAgEr (RpM) aND running WIndows applICaTionS UsiNg WInE.
CHaPTERS 6 To 9 eaCH Look at a SePARAte apPliCATion AREa AND PREseNT A verY briEf OVERvIew Of ThE applICAtIOnS AVailaBle IN ThAt Area. chapteR 6 IS AboUT pRodUcINg doCumEntS, chaptER 7 abOut GAMES, chAPtEr 8 ABOut MulTIMedia aNd chaPTeR 9 AbOut tHE InTErnEt. IN all of thesE chapTERS thE OVERvieWS ArE NecEssaRilY vErY sHort and It's hArd tO sEE HoW AnYONe cOuLd gEt MUCh useFUl WOrK DONE AFTeR REadInG ThEm. It would bE BETTEr If the ChapTeRs ContaInEd rEfERENCes to fuRTher ReadiNG, bUt They doN'T evEN MENTIoN the MaN PAges.
ChapTEr 10 StARtS THe NExT SectIon of The bOoK, WhiCH iS aboUT sYsTeM aDminIsTratiOn. IT CONtAInS a USefUl OveRVIeW oF a nuMbeR of ThE moST cOmMon ADMiNiSTrativE TaSks lIKe MOuntInG DISk drIVEs, mONIToRinG systeM UsagE oR SETtiNG The DAtE aNd TimE. chApTer 11 Is ABoUT aDmINISteRING userS. ChApTEr 12 looKs at aUTomaTiNG sysTem TasKS. it IncLUdeS aN InTRoduCTIon tO SHell scRiptiNG anD a uSEful DEsCRIPtIon OF the sTarT-uP ANd SHUTDOwn cYcLe. ChaPter 13 covErs baCKiNG Up and ResToRing fILeS. ChAptEr 14 IS PosSIblY tHE mOst uSeFUL CHapTER IN tHe bOOK fOr thE coMPLeTe linUx bEGInner As it cOnTAInS an overVIEw oF SecurItY ISsUEs. THIs is PArTicuLarlY importanT with thE iNcREaSE IN THE nuMBER oF PeOpLE WHo LEaVE tHeir coMpUtErS pERmanentlY aTtAChED to ThEIr brOAdBAnd ConneCtions.
tHE FoRtH And fINAL SeCTioN lOokS aT NEtWorkINg, wItH chapTErs on SetTINg Up A laN, a pRINt SErveR, A fILe servEr, A maIl seRVEr aND MAnY OtHEr SHarEd rESOURcEs. THIS sectiON AlSO INClUdES a cHaptEr On getTInG your NeTWork CONNeCtEd TO THE inTErNeT. As wITh MucH OF THe reST of ThE BooK, spaCE cOnStRAInts PREveNt tHEse cHAPtERS frOM gOING INTO gREAt dePTH, AND tHErE ARE VeRy few ReFeRencEs To OTHeR mAtErIAL.
so what DiD i thINk OVerAll? wELL, aS i sAiD, IT'S too BIG. buT oN tHe OtheR HAnd IT's tOO sMAll. iT'S too BIG IN tHaT IT coVeRS suCH a wiDe RanGE oF TOpICs ThAt vErY few peOPLe ArE likELy To Be IntEresTed IN aLL Of it. IT'S toO Small IN THAT It jUST DoeSN'T HAvE THe spaCE To Go Into GREAt dEPTh aBoUT mOST oF The TopiCS IS COverS. I THInK ThAt It WOulD BE fAr mORe USefUL iF WAs tHREE boOkS: ReD hAT 8 linuX uSERS BiBLe, rED HaT 8 LInUX aDmiN bible and Red hAT 8 nETwOrkiNG BiblE. EacH OF tHEM cOUld BE SmaLlER thAn THIs VOLUMe, but Still CoVER the mATErIAl IN moRE deTaiL.
hAViNG Said that, tHE MatErIaL ALl Seems acCuraTe. tHe fEw TImeS I nOtIceD SomEtHING ThAt i thoUGHt wAS WrONG, oN cHEcKiNG I FOUnd tHAT I wAs MISTAKeN. SO IF WaNt you ReaLlY WAnt iS a Broad (bUT iN pLACEs SHaLLow) OVeRViEw OF rED hAt linUx tHen thIs cOulD Well be tHe bOOk FOr yOU.
and it'S Also cHeaPER thaN thE "OFfICIAl" REd HAt lINux PROduCTs.
Cedell Davis was born Ellis Davis on June 9, 1927, in Helena, then a booming river town on the Arkansas bank of the Mississippi. He grew up there and in the upper Mississippi Delta around eight miles south of Tunica, on the E.M. Hood plantation, where his brother lived. Together with one of his childhood friends, Isaiah Ross (future Sun recording artist Dr. Ross the Harmonica Boss), Cedell began playing blues, first harmonica, then some guitar.
Then tragedy struck -- during his ninth and tenth years he grappled with severe polio. He returned to Helena, to his mother, who was locally renowned as a healer, though she worked as a cook, and there he began the painful process of relearning, in fact rethinking the guitar, which he could no longer play in the conventional manner. "It took me about three years," he recalls. "I was right- handed, but I couldn't use my right hand, so I had to turn the guitar around; I play left-handed now. But I still needed something to slide with, and my mother had these knives, a set of silverware, and I kinda swiped one of 'em."
This was the beginning of a guitar style that is utterly unique, in or out of blues. The knife-handle on the strings produces uneven pressure, which results in a welter of metal-stress harmonic transients and a singular tonal plasticity. Some people who hear CeDell's playing for the first time think it's out of tune, but it would be more accurate to say he plays in an alternative tuning. Because the way he hears and plays intervals and chords is consistent and systematic.
Cedell began playing around the Delta as a young man, and over the years he continued to work in some of the world's most dangerous dives. Somehow he learned to project a kind of presence that defuses violence, keeping him miraculously whole amid raging chaos. There is something Buddah-like about that presence, a sense of having learned to deal with a physically violent world with his mind. It also enables him to compose and sequence verses for new songs on the spot and hold them in his memory for as long as necessary.
Over the years Cedell has played in Southern juke joints with a number of other musicians. His most significant and longest-lasting association was with the great Robert Nighthawk, who was considered the Delta's finest slide guitarist by no less an authority than Muddy Waters. They worked together for ten years straight, roughly 1953-'63, trading off "bassing" and lead duties song by song. During the early part of his time with Nighthawk, Cedell was based in St. Louis, where he got to know Big Joe Williams, Charlie Jordan, J.D. "Jelly Jaw" Short, and other leading lights. But during the last part of 1957, he was badly injured in a St. Louis tavern, when an apparent police raid caused a massive stampede. Before that, CeDell could at least walk on crutches. But his legs were broken in so many places during the stampede that he has been largely confined to a wheelchair ever since.
On June 5, 1961, he "came back home to play." At first he was based in Helena, but after he secured a regular gig with Nighthawk at the Jack Rabbit (later the Jungle Hut) in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, he settled there, and there he remains. Pine Bluff's other claims to fame include a massive U.S. Government chemical and biological warfare research and storage facility, located nearby; and according to CeDell's song, "If You Like Fat Women," there are "more fat women there than any place I ever saw."
Many listeners find CeDell difficult: his sense of time, his sense of structure, that timing--not to mention his lyrics. CeDell is a remarkable communicator, and quite possible the greatest hard core vocalist around.
COLiN fAhey'S J2Me cElL phOnE EXPErIenCe figure: MOtORoLA t720 cELlUlAr PhoNE, clOsED. INtROductIon ThIS pAgE DESCribes how i sUCCEssfULly cREATEd AND DoWloADED MY oWN Program To my CeLL PHOnE, oVEr tHE AIr (Ota), THroUgH MY owN wwW sItE, wITHOUT PAYIng fOr aNYtHING MoRe thAn "aIR Time" And "daTa TRansfEr" (bOth MonTHlY flAt RATeS). you CAN SKIp THe LOnG diSCusSIon SECTIOnS ANd go dIrecTlY tO The PROceduRE. FiguRE: mOtOROla t720 CEllULAr phonE, fliPpEd oPEN. bACkgroUnD In LAtE OcTober, 2002, I purchAsED MY firSt cELluLAR PhonE: thE moToROla T720, With a 120x160 cOlOr scrEeN, PolYPhOniC rING TONEs, WEb BROWseR, aNd THE aBIlitY to DOwNLOad anD run appLiCATionS. i hAdn't Given MuCH thOuGHT tO oWNinG a CeLL PHoNE BEforE MOVInG To A new apARtmEnt RecentlY And tHINkInG abOUT THE HASsle oF acqUIRInG A nEw LAND lINe. onLY AfTer GeTTInG thE celL PhoNe, HoWeveR, dID i realiZE THE AMazing fReEdoM Of BEinG AbLe to CaLL oR bE CALLED ANywHeRE aT aNY Time. wheN I pUrchASEd tHIS aDvANCED pHOne, aS OPpoSeD To A phOnE WITH idENtiCAl PHONe qUalITY BUt fEWER mULtImEDIA ANd inTERnET capaBIliTIES, i wAS MotivaTED by THe PromisE of Being AbLe TO creATe MY OWn comPuTER PROGRAms FOR thE PhonE. i havE nO PRacTiCaL rEaSon FoR WanTIng tO do tHIS; i JUst liKe fUN diVerSIOnS To DIsTRAcT Me FroM poNderiNg deeper qUESTioNs about lIfe. pHONe mOdeLS, CArriErS, andProgRaMMiNg ENvirOnmEnts a giVen pHoNE MoDEL (E.g., moTOrOLA t720,... ) for a GivEN CarriEr (e.G., at&t, vERiZoN,... ) ExECUTeS A SInGLE tyPe of CodE (e.g., j2me, Brew,... ). iF You GEt A conTraCt WiTh VERiZoN, and YOu chOosE The moTOroLA T720, thE pHonE ExecutES Brew ONly. if YOu Get a Contract with aT&T, and YOU chOosE ThE MOTOROla t720, The pHOne EXeCUTes J2mE Only. IT's critICAl to NotE ThAt iF YoU get tHe sAME MoDEl phone WITH A DiFferEnT CARriER, It maY FuNDameNTally eXecUTe A dIFferEnt kIND Of codE. THE tWo MajOR PlaTFOrMS Are: J2me anD BReW. BRew IS a dISasTerFOR CoNsuMeRS AnD dEVeloPERs brEw Is "BinArY RUNtimE enVIroNMent FOr wirelESs", a pROPriETARy plATform DEVeLopEd BY QUAlComM. to LearN MorE aBOuT breW, vISIt theiR wWw SIte: HtTp://WwW.QUaLCOMm.CoM/BrEw THE bREw VerSION of THe aRm comPILeR reQUIred tO dEveloP CODe For YOuR oWN PHOne COsTS $1,500. nO APpLICatIon (EveN thOse YoU doWnLoAd youRSelF viA A DatA cablE) CaN survIVe On Your PHoNE FOR MOrE ThAN ThRee MonThS, AT whICH TimE yOu NEED A neW "SIgNaTUre" FRoM quALCoMm. if You aRE dEVEloPInG AN AppLicatIoN fOr a bRew pHoNe, YoU MUsT sUbMit aLL SOurcE CODe, oRIginaL AnD cOmPIled ArT ASseTS, aNd DocumENtATiOn To QuAlcoMm JUST To gEt a "sIGNaTurE". oNcE you devEloP an APpLiCaTiON OR EvEn sIMpLe REsOuRcES LIkE "DesktoP WalLpApER" OR "rInGEr TuNes", YOu neEd a CLoSEd teChNoLoGY CaLlEd "GEt iT NOw" (A sERvice Of QUaLCoMM, Not tHe cArRieR) FOr PEOplE To DoWnlOaD YOur CREatIOns (FOr a fee). aLL pHonEs WITh VErIzon CoNTrAcTS use bREW. a PErsON wHO worKed At a coMPaNY thaT dOES BREw DEvELOpMEnt tOLD me THAT the FaCT thAt bREW wAS A cLoSED PlaTfoRm (VeRy COStLy to ACquIRE cOMPILER, veRY cOstlY to shArE YoUR CrEaTioNS wiTh OTHerS, HArD To acquiRe TEMPOrary "SiGNatUres") ResulTs in hiGher QUaLITY proDuCts iN tHE marKeT. bUt FoR THE CONsuMeR the siTUaTIoN is aCtUaLlY veRY BAD, sInCE This ClOSed sYStEm PreTTY muCH GUarANTEeS THAT AnYTHINg you cAN pOssIblY DOWNLoaD is GoING tO CoST MONey! eVeN IF i WANteD to gIve aWay mY COoL RiNGeR souNDs or dESkTOp wAlLpapEr, i tHiNK i'D neeD an eLabORaTe PaRtNERshiP wiTH quALCOmm Just to LEt YOU DOWNlOad my CrEaTIOnS VIA "get iT now". bREw DEsTRoyS thE ValUe of AN OTHErwise ADvaNCed PhOnE (e.g., mOTOrOlA t720). When I PuRchaSEd the Phone i had dREAMS oF UplOadiNg cooL PiCTuRes for MY DEsKtoP, AnD plAyiNg SOUND clIPs fROM MOvIes And viDEo GamES WhEnEvER The phoNE "RIngs". WOULdn'T it Be cool tO Have your PhOnE DO A rEn & stimPy vOIcE ("yOU EEE-diOT!") OR mS. cLeo ("OH MY gOOdNEss!"), or aNY sAmplE you COUld FIND? wELl, UNLeSS yOu're wiLlinG TO PAY A third PartY SOmE MONey, you cAN't do aNY of tHiS WiTh a BrEw-BasEd PhONe. i RetUrNed mY phONe and cAncelLed MY cONTRACT (withIn 15-daY TRIaL PERIOD) to geT THe ExAcT same PHoNe (moTOrOla T720) wITh A CaRrieR thAT CHOSe j2mE For THEIR phOnEs (e.G., aT&t). j2Me IS GreAt FOr cONSumersanD dEveLoPeRs J2mE IS "jAvA 2 PLATfoRM, miCRO EDitIoN", A "hIGhLY oPtIMIzED" JAVA RUnTiME eNVIronMENt. tO Learn MORE AboUt j2mE, VIsIt SuN's WWw siTE: HttP://JaVA.Sun.Com/j2mE chanCEs ArE thAt You havE alrEadY donE soMe JAVA pRograMMING IN yoUR LiFe! I WaS vERy suRpRiSEd To LeArN tHat j2Me REalLY DoeS have A LoT Of Java funCTiONAlItY! YoU CAN creaTe THrEAdS, soCKETS, ETC, verY easILY. yOu Can diStrIBuTE thE.jar aNd.Jad FiLES. jaVa, bUT IT IS Free anD weLl-docUMentED, anD milLions Of PEoPLe HAVE deVeLopeD COde fOR JaVa. i'M Sure THEre ARe lotS oF DIsCUSSIOn FOruMs fOr J2ME. (coNtrAsT alL Of ThIs WiTH THe BReW sITuATioN!) iN fIFTEEN mInUtES Of Www SurfiNG i FOUNd ToNs OF cOoL appLIcations, imAGEs, and sOUND EFfects foR tHE MOtorola t720 J2ME VErsIon ALl frEe. PeOPle WrOTe sOME crazy aPpLIcatIOns foR tHEir PHOneS, lIKE wWW sErVERS aNd DATaBASES! I'm TOlD ThaT ThE gAminG or MuLTipLAyer EXpeRIeNCE WOn't bE reAL-tIme foR YEARS (SinCe PhoNEs doN't RecOGnize mULTIplE SimUltANeOUs ButTon PrEssInG, aNd tHERE's A lOt of LatENcy in nETwORK tRAffIC), BUt I Am VeRY excIted By BeiNG abLe tO TAke fUlL AdVantagE Of tHe MuLtIMEdia aSPeCTS oF MY PrOpERTy (pHOnE) WITHout HaviNG THiRD PaRtIEs (quAlComM, veRIzON, mIcRoSoft msn) INvADIng MY PrivAcy and exTORTINg MOnEY fROm mE wheN tHey MADe nO coNtribUTIOn To My pRoDuCt. GeNeRal suMMarY oF PLaTfORMs WHEn I Learned ThAt i COuldn't eVEn sEt My "DesktoP WAllpAPeR" On MY neW mOtoROLa T720 PHone wiThout PAYing verIzon / QUaLcOMm, anD UPLoADing my personAL IMagES tO A StRaNGeR's seRVer, I was stUNNED And dePrESsED. I wONdeREd HOw "tHe Man" WaS aBle To GEt ThIs FAR IN A FReE mARKET. NOW I kNOW, frOM EXPERIeNCe, ThAT it'S jUst THe iGNOraNce oF tHE consUmEr; i just WaSn't AWarE How rADICalLY DIFfeRENT THE pHOne eXperIEnce COUld Be, juST bAseD On pArtNeRSHiP DECIsIONS oF tHe carRIeR. bUSInEsS AnD devElOpmeNT moDELS likE Brew / "geT iT noW", aNd infOrmATION GATHerINg StrATeGiES likE ".net PASSport", "rEal one PlAYer", "mICRoSOFt WINDoWS MEDIa pLAyer", EtC, hAVe GREaTLy hELd BAcK tHE ProMiSE of tecHNoLOGy bY sEttInG up BArrieRS anD TelLinG ThE COnsumER (by actIoNS, noT By pRoMIseS tO the coNTRaRy) ThAT hiS OR HER PrIvACY has NO valUE WhaTSOEveR. hOw CaN evEn thE mOST fORgIviNG PErsoNality AvoID BEcomInG cYNICAL wheN gIanT CoRPOratIOns, whICh CoulD cOmFORTABLy GrOW wiTHOuT UpLoaDInG eVeRy CD TRACk tItlE and WWw SItE uRL THAT YOU VisIt, do IT ANYwAy jusT tO deRivE marGInaLLY mORE CASH fRom yOU? I HopE DEVeloPerS wiLL noT GET suckEred iN tO THe BrEw PaRAdIGm. aNd, UlTIMATeLY, I THINK cOnSuMeRS WiLL dISCOVEr aND CHOosE the oPeN pARADiGm (e.g., j2me). iT MAy Be true THAT bREw / "Get it NOW" Is sUfficieNtly ClosED To TuRN MoRE dOWnlOads IN To CAsh fOR tHE dEVeLopeR bUT THe ClOSED NATurE May bE The eXaCT reaSon THe eNtirE mArKEt shIfts tO sOmETHING LIkE J2me. aLsO, A sMall J2Me developEr Can gEt 100% Of ThE PUrcHaSE PrICe OF AnY itEM, anD devELoPEMEnT TooLs aRE FRee. DevelopINg ThE APpLIcaTIOn I ConSULTED the RefErEncEs lIstEd AT THe END of thiS SECTion. i DESCRiBe THe sTEPS I folLOweD herE, BuT YOU MAY WaNT tO rEad tHe RefereNCEs afTer rEADiNg The DETAIls of my PaRTicuLAR EXPeriEnCE. REQuiRed dOWnloADS: (1) YOu NeEd JDk 1.2 Or LaTER:
THiS Means you nEED THe cONvENtioNAl JAVa 2 sdk from sUN. I DoWNlOADeD
AnD useD VeRsION 1.4 Via the follOWing LiNk:
HTtP://jAVA.Sun.Com/J2Se/1.4/dOWnlOAd.HtmL
herE'S wHAt THe dOWnLoad Web PAgE LoOKS lIke:
(2) YoU NeED THe CoNnecTeD lImITed DeVIcE cOnfIGuRATiOn (CLDC):
-
I Won't PReteND tO know whAT tHiS IS, but I sIMpLy DOwnlOADEd it fRoM tHE
sUN weB sItE. oNly 1.0.3 WAs AvaiLAble aT the tImE I vISITEd. IN
OrdER TO DOWNLoad tHIS, I nEeDed tO REgISTER WItH sUN weB sitE. i crEaTed
The FolLoWinG pRofile: usErnAmE: ANONaNon pAssWOrD: NoplEAsE fAVOriTe
Color: BlUE full naMe: PrOf. aNon NOpleAsE (Note: I'm NOt goiNg tO teLl
yOu EvERYThinG!) I DOWnlOADeD tHe FOLlOWIng FiLe:
J2me_cldC-1_0_3-FcS-SRc-b17-wiNuNIX-14_Sep_2001.Zi p i unzIpPeD To thE
fOLlowiNg DIRecTORy:
C:\j2mE i rEnameD THe "cLdC-1_0_3-FcS" dIrectOry To sIMPly:
Cldc (I.e., fulL PATh Is c:\j2me\cLDC) (3) you nEeD THe Mobile
infoRMaTion DeVIcE pROFILe (mIdP):
i wOn'T PreteND tO Know whaT ThiS IS eIthEr, but I siMpLy dOWnlOADED it
fROM The sUn web siTE.
i DOWNlOaDeD THe followING File:
J2Me_mIdp-1_0_3-fcS-sRC-B26-WIN-19_SEP_2001.zip i uNziPPEd tO the
fOLLoWIng DirECToRy: C:\J2Me i rEnamEd ThE "mIdP-1_0_3-fcS" DiRECtORy to
sIMPlY: MIDP (i.E., fULL PaTH IS C:\J2me\MiDp) ReqUIRed seT-up: ADD
the FOlloWing lINes tO You aUToeXec.BAt file: reM JaVA SUPPOrt SET
mIDP_homEc:\J2me\mIDp SEt PAtH%pAth%;c:\J2sdK1.4.0_03\Bin;
PAtHc:\WiNDowS;C:\WIndOws\comMAnd;C:\j2SDK1.4.0_03 \bIN;C:\J2me\miDp\BIn;%PATH%
then fOrCE tHeSE VARiAbLes To be ReLoaDED By rUNNIng THE BAtCh FilE: c:\>
AUToexEc.BAT you CAn aLSO SEt up thESE same VARiABLEs UsING THE WINdOWS
ENVIRoNment vARIabLE CONtroL PAnel, BUT DOn'T asK mE hoW! NOtiCE tHaT i
juSt haRd-cOdEd tHe PAtH TO MY jAVa 2 sdK versION. IF I upGRADe, i'M
SCrEwEd, In sO fAr As I haVE tO mODIFY autoexEc.baT ANyWay. tRy uSIng the
Java 2 sdK BinARIEs: once tHe SETtinGs aBove takE EFfECT, YoU ShOULd Be
ABle To RuN the jAVa utILitIEs FROM ThE COMmaNd LiNE WIThOuT SPEcifYing
tHE cOMPleTE pATH to tHe exeCuTablES. trY ruNNinG thE PHone EMUlaToR:
C:\> MiDp herE is WhAt i sAw:
tYpE iN a simplE program: usIng aNy TeXT eDiTOR, YOU Can tYPe iN coDE, likE tHis "helLOMiDleT.JAva" soUrce fILe: HEre iT iS aGAiN, In plAin tEXt FORM SO yOu CaN cUt AND PasTE: fILE: helLoMidLEt.JAVA (FIlE BoDy is bETwEEn DASHED lINEs) - IMpoRT JAVAX.MIcroedition.MIdLeT.; iMpORT javax.micrOEditiOn.lCdui.; PubLiC ClASS HEllomiDLet ExTendS MIDleT ImpLEMEntS coMMANdLISTEnEr { PrivATe COmmAND exiTCOMmAnD; PRiVAtE DIsPLAY DiSPlAY; PriVATe TEXtBoX t NULL; PuBliC hELlomidLet() { DiSPLAY dISplAy.GEtDiSpLAy(thiS); EXItcOMManD nEw CoMmAnd("exit", ComManD.EXIT, 2); t nEW TExtbOx("HELLo midlEt", "TEsT STRinG", 256, 0); T.aDDCoMmanD(EXiTcoMMAnD); t.SetcOMmANdliSTENER(THiS); }
PuBliC VOiD sTARtApp() { disPlAY.SeTCURrenT(T); } pUblIc Void PAUSEApp() { }
pUBlIC VoId DestRoYapP(bOOlEaN uncONdiTiOnAL) { } PUblIC vOID
cOmMAndACtIOn(cOMMAnD c, DISpLAyABLE S) { if (C exiTCommaNd) {
DEstRoyapp(FALse); NoTIFydESTROYeD(); } } } - comPilE.jAvA TO.CLaSs: c:\> cD HELloMiDleT
CAuTION: the follOWing cOMMAnd mUST BE on A sInGLe lINe, BUt haS been
EXpandED to SeveRAL LiNeS for CLariTY.
noTE: THe "-taRGEt 1.1" Is neCEsSAry to avOid An eRRor IN thE fUtuRE
"PREvERiFY" STage. apparEnTlY THIS Has SOmeTHiNG to Do WiTh a PrOBLEM WIth
miDP 1.0.3 SUPpOrT In jdk 1.4.
PreVerify to GENErATe new.CLASs filE: C:\heLLOMIDLet> preverIfy -cLAssPath c:\J2ME\MidP\CLasseS;. HELLOmIDlET thIS GeNerAteS a new.cLasS fIle In A nEw Sub-DIrEctORY CALLed "ouTPut" (By defaUlt). tEST OUt The NeW.cLAsS FIlE: c:\HelLOmIDLET> MIdP -claSSpATH C:\j2mE\MIDP\ClASSeS;.\OUTPUt HeLloMIdleT THis LOoKs to the new "OUTPuT" dirECTorY fOR thE NeCeSsaRy.cLasS FIle, AnD ExEcUtes THe apPLICAtioN iN A PhoNe emuLAtOr. HeRe IS whAT I saW:
crEate A nEw Text FILE "MaNifEst.MF" anD eDit: a ManIFEsT file is esSentIAL TO geTtInG An acTUaL cElL pHonE to coMpREhEND YoUr.Jar fiLE. If yOu do NOT haVe a pRopeR maNIfest FIlE INCluDEd In your.jAR filE, tHEN tHE PHonE WIlL doWNloAD YoUR.JAR FIle JUst FInE, BUt WilL barF JuST beFore EXeCuTIOn, sayING: "UNSUpportEd cOnTEnt typE". here IS A ManIFEst File tHAt I cReaTEd: HerE IS tHat mANIFEst fIle IN PLaiN TeXT fOrm, FOR cOnVENiEnt cUT-ANd-PaStE Use: filE: maNiFeST.mf (file bOdY Is BEtweEN DAsheD LiNES) - midLeT-1: My_desCrIPTion,, HEllomidlET midlet-nAme: my_midLET_SuITe mIDLEt-VenDoR: COlIn fAhEY, INc. MIdLeT-verSiOn: 1.0 MiCrOediTIOn-cONfiGuraTION: CLdC-1.0 MicroedItION-PRofiLe: miDp-1.0 - NoTICE ThaT tHe CLDC aNd MIdp VErSIONS are SPeCiFied In thIS filE. PUT THE MANiFEst And ThE.class FILe iN TO a.jAr fiLE: ThE FoLlOWinG cOmmANd lINe creATes a.jaR FiLe, iNseRtIng THE MANifest.mF File anD thE.CLASs FILE fouNd iN ThE SpecifIeD pAtH. C:\hEllomIDlet> JAR cfM hi.JAr maniFest.mf -c.\oUTpuT heLlOMIdlet.ClaSS cReaTe anD ediT A new.jAD file: A.jad FiLE is NeceSsaRy sO ThaT tHe ceLl PHoNe caN deSCrIBe YouR appLiCAtIoN tO ThE uSeR BEfoRe DOwNlOAdInG. tHe.jAD filE alSO proVIdES sOme iNdirECtIoN FrOm thE.jAR itself, iF thAT's aNY uSe to yOu. figure: aN examPlE.jAD FiLE desCrIBing A.jAR fIle. hErE IS THE EXaMpLe.jaD fIle In PlaIN teXt Form So THAt yoU cAn cut-and-PaSte THE BoDy: FIlE: hi.JaD (FILe bOdy iS bEtweEN daSHED lINEs) - MIdLet-1: mY_dEScRIPTiOn,, helLOmIdlET midlET-jAr-SiZE: 1283 mIdLeT-jar-UrL: HTtP://wwW.COLInfAHEy.CoM/HI.jaR mIdLEt-NAmE: MY_MIDleT_suItE MiDlet-vendOR: coliN fAheY, InC. MidleT-verSIon: 1.0 - TESt THe.Jar and.JaD fIlES By eXeCuTing: tHe fOLLOwIng eXEcUTeS thE CLAss fOUnD in thE.jaR FIlE, describeD BY tHE.jad File. c:\heLlOMIdLet> midp -cLASSpAtH C:\j2mE\MIdp\clAsses;.\hi.jAr -DEsCRIPtor HI.JAd reFeRENcES FOR J2me, MIDP, ClDC dEVelOPmEnT: http://wIReleSS.JaVA.Sun.COm/miDp/ar TIcLeS/gETsTAR t HTTP://WIRELeSs.jaVa.sUn.cOM/mIDp/ARTIcleS/SETu P dEPLoYMENT Of thE APPLiCAtION MAke sure tHe WWW sERVEr KNOws JAr/JAd mIme tyPEs: iF yOU hAVE an ApachE Web servEr, YoU NEED tO creaTE AN ".HTACCess" FILE FOR YOuR weB paGE RoOt direCtory. tHIs file alLows You tO oVErRIde The APAcHE conFIgURaTioN, SUch aS AdDiNG oR oVeRriDINg mime TyPeS. YOu mUST ADD tHe JAR and jad TYpES, As ShOWn in tHE folLOWiNg TEXT filE: FiGure: mY CUSTOM ".HTACCEss" FIle For The APACHe WwW Server. (Note: UNdeR WInDoWS tHIs file wAs CALLEd ".htaCCESs.tXT" FoR eDiTINg pURPoseS, but yoU muSt CHaNgE THE NAme tO juSt ".htaccesS" oNCE ThE fILE is tranSFeRRED to the WwW seRVeR.) aPParENTLy, crEATInG oR mOdIFYing THis FilE RESuLTS In An IMmeDiate cHANGe of seRveR BeHavIoR. i guesS THE SErver cHEcKS if the ".htaCCeSs" fILe moDIFIcATiON date ANd tiMe hAs CHaNgEd BEFore PRocESSing EaCH TrAnsaCtiON. iF you haVE ANoThER Kind oF WEB sERVer, yOU must DetErmiNe hOW TO SPECiFy Mime types anD mAke SUrE jaR AnD jaD aRe spEcIfIED just as THeY ARE aBOVe. oPTiOnalLY prOvidE LINKS tO yOUR.JAD FILE: with THe MOtOROla t720 J2Me PhoNe With AT&t, i am aBLe To TyPE in tHe URL Of tHe.Jad fiLe DiRECtLy, and THe apPlIcation dOWnloADs aNd INSTAlls. ThIS mAy HoLD for OTHEr PHoNes aND caRRieRS. buT yoU mAy WAnt tO Have LInKs TO tHe.jAd FILes iN YoUR html Or Wml (wAP) PAGEs: fIGuRe: a sImPlE html PAge witH a lInk TO THe.jAd file. figure: A sIMple WmL (Wap) PagE WIth a linK to the.Jad fiLe. dOWnlOaDiNg ApPlIcaTiOn "over tHe aIR" (OTa) thE fOLLOwinG imAges ShOW the eXAcT seqUENCe i TOok tO DOWNlOAd aNd ExeCUTE The MIdleT DEvElOPED aND dePloyed as DEScribeD In the PrEVioUS SectIons AbovE. i toOk DIGITAl photO'S oF my cELL PhONe aS I NAVIGATed menus.
[1] deSkToP: whEN YOU OpEN the PhoNe YoU seE THe "DESkTop". pRess thE CENTer keY TO go tO thE mAIn MEnU. [2] mAin MENU: MOvE dowN To tHe Item "WEBAcCESs". [3] weBacceSS: mOVe DoWN TO THe item "Go To UrL".
[4] entEr URl: tyPE IN the Url oF YOUR.jaD File. (NOtE:...or THe HtMl Or wmL pAgE.) [5] dETaIls: thiS INfOrMATIoN wAs pARSEd FroM ThE.jAD filE. PReSs downlD TO DOWnload ThE.JAr fiLe. [6] doWnload complEte: SImpLY WAIt for tHis mesSAGE TO gO aWay.
[7] insTallING: siMply Wait FOR thiS message to go AwAY. [8] XxxX BYTEs tRaNSferreD: SIMPly wait fOR tHiS MEsSAgE tO gO AwAY. [9] iNsTAlled: sIMPLY WaiT foR this MessaGE To go awAy. WhEN You appeAr bacK IN THE wEBACcess MENU, Just exIT ALl thE WAy BaCk to THE DeskTop sCREeN.
[10] dESkTOP: whEn YoU oPEn tHE PhONe yoU SEE thE "deSktoP". aCCeSs "gaMEs & APPS" (MAin mENU or icon). [11] java pOwered: WaiT For this splasH sCreEN to gO awaY. [12] gaMES & aPPs: MoVE TO HiGhligHt yOuR nEW APpLICatioN! (Yay!) [13] SuccESSFul exeCuTIOn of MIDLEt. (coMPARE tHe aPpEARAnCe OF this MIDLeT on THE CEll pHOnE WiTh the "mIDp" pHOnE EMuLatOr appEaRAnce SHOwn EaRlIeR. It LooKs vERY sIMiLAr.) rEFErENcEs AnD REsouRces [a] mOtoROla J2Me. 3.0 sdK MotOrolA HAs An SdK that incLuDeS An eMULAtOR CApabLE Of EmUlaTiNg many mOtoroLa PHoNes, InCludIng the T720. You can Get tHIs sdK fOr free, AnD yOU dO NOt NEeD CoDeWARrior TO use the PHOne eMULator InClUded WIth THe sDK, DESPitE all tHE mEnTIoN oF cODewarrioR on THE MOTorolA weB SiTe. aLso, in GENErAl I thINk YoU can GET by WITHout cOdEWArRiOR OR mOtoROla'S Sdk EvEN if yOU ArE dOinG PrOfESsIOnAl dEVelOPmEnt fOR The t720 but DON'T sUe mE iF i'M wROnG! NoTE: you MUST reGistER with MOtOroLa TO Even lEArn aBOUT tHEIr j2me sdk, lEt ALoNe dOWNloAD iT. Here'S A qUOTe FroM motoRoLA'S weB SITe RegArdINg THeIR sdK: - thE MotoROLa softwArE DevELOpMENt kIT (sdK) for tHE J2mE. plATFoRm is A TOoL UsED foR dEVeLOPIng anD testiNg progRamS wRIttEN in tHE jAVA PRoGRAMMinG LAnGuaGe. THe SdK iNcLUdES aPpLicAtIoNs thaT makE IT eASY to LAunCh miDLETS (j2Me. pROGRAMs) USiNG thE MotOROLA j2mE. DeVIce emulatOR. togetHER THESe TOOLs aLlOW YoU tO DeveloP aND debUG yOuR j2mE. ProGRAms in emulAtIOn beforE dOWNLoADinG Them tO a tARget devICE. tHE motOrOla SDK can Be iNtEGRaTeD InTO MeTrowErks' codEwArrIOr. WIRelEsS sTuDio, prOfeSsIonAL edItion, vERSioN 7. ThIS VersioN of THE sDk inClUDEs nUMeROuS eNHaNcEmeNtS foR PErforMAnce aNd STABIlity. aLL Of The fuNCtiOnalitY of the pRevIoUS VeRSion iS suPpORTeD, wITh thEse new feAtUrEs: neW hANDseTs SUppOrTed By this VErSioN: A830 new fuNctIoNality SuppoRTEd bY this VErSiON: a830 - gAMing aPi, SERiAl pORT cOnnECtiviTy, hTTPS prOtocol sUPporT. ALl DEVIces - IMpROved GRaPHicS PerfORmANCe tHE SDk SuppoRTs tHe fOlLOwiNg devICes: mOTOrOla aCCoMpLi (008/6288 aND 388). motorOlA t280I motOROLA T720 mOToRola V60i MOToRolA v66I MoTorola IdeN i1000 mOToRolA Iden PlATFOrm MoTorOLa staRTAc. MotORoLa i85s For DOwNloAd cLiCK hErE: mOTOROla J2Me. 3.0 sdK [B] RanDoM FoRum PosTiNG: thE Jad ANd jaR fiLeS Are The OnlY FIlES nEEdeD to Run AN aPPlicatION on A PhonE aND, DEPENDiNG ON THe pHOne aND tHE MeTHoD you are tRaNsFErRiNG The app to ThE pHonE, yOU May Only Need ThE jAR. IF THe apPlICaTIons arE TO bE SENT OVER tHe aiR (OtA), i.e. vIA A web urL, YOU wiLl Need TO CreaTe A Link on A PagE READAble bY THE phOne (e.g. wML, chtml, chTMl) TO THe jAd FIlE. FOr ota doWNlOADS yOU WIll also Need TO seT UP yOur WEB sErvER tO hAndlE JaR And Jad fILE tYPeS. in aPAcHe YOU need TO Add the fOlLowiNG LInES To thE HTtPD.Conf fiLE: AddtYPE TEXT/VnD.sUN.J2Me.APp-dEsCriptor JAd adDtypE aPplicAtion/jAvA-arcHive Jar ALSO, you WilL NeEd to mAkE SuRe thAT tHe UrL FoR THe JaR FILE IS THE url For thE Jar FIlE ON thE seRveR, not tHE lOcal UrL iF on thE OTHer HAND you wanT to TranSFer VIa Ir, bLUetOoth Or A cAbLe you juSt nEED To tRaNSFER THe Files tO ThE phonE, inSTALL And RUN. tHE jad FilE Is GeNeRAlLy uSeD sPecIfICaLly TO pROViDe tHE PhONe INFoRMAtion nEEDED fOr oTA downloads and aS sUch, the NOkia 7650 aND soME OTHer mODElS YOU oNlY nEEd to tRaNSFeR tHe jar FILE FoR noN-OTa tRAnsFErS. [c] HtTP://wiREleSS.java.SUN.Com/miDp/QuesTIONs/s ar/ : saR (or wtp-sar) Stands FOr segmeNTaTion ANd REAssEMBlY. It's An OpTiOnAl FEatUre of THe WIRELESs TRaNsAcTION PROtOCol (WTP) WItHIn Wap. sar defINEs A MetHOD FOR a WAp GAtEwaY TO BReaK a LArGe MEssAGe (a JAR FilE YOu're DOwNlOadinG, fOR iNStAnCE) IntO SMAll cHunKS (The segMEnTAtiOn) And fOR ThE phOnE TO PiecE iT baCk ToGeTHer (THE REASSEmbLy). nOt aLl PHONES UsE Sar, bUt MOSt WiLL acceSS wEB serVerS ThROugh a Wap gatEWAy. nOKiA USeS sAR, whIlE MotoROlA Uses fEaTures Of httP 1.1 TO ReTriEve sMAll CHUNKS oF a FIle ONe at a Time aNd THeN rEaSsEMbLe iT. one pROBLEM THAt arISeS WIth WaP GaTewayS CONCeRNs MiME Types rETuRNEd by the WEB SerVER. iF a USeR REQueSTS A JAd Or JAR File AnD ThE seRVEr REturNs tHe WRoNG miME tYpe, THE gAtEWAY anD sUbSeQuENtLY THE PHONE wiLl HaNdLe The TRAnsfER INCOrRECtlY. tO ensure prOPeR dOwnLOading OF MIdlEtS, Use THe foLLOWING MIME TyPES: TeXT/Vnd.sUN.j2ME.App-descRIptOR jAd aPpliCATIOn/jAva-aRcHIVe Jar [D] RanDom foruM POstinG: YOU HAVe TO hAvE CoRrEct MImE sETtinGs on thE SERVeR ThaT stoRes.Jad/.JAr fILeS. AFtEr ThAT YoU'll bE AbLe tO DOWnLOad apps To YouR dEVice. plEasE KEEP iN mInd THat: - thIs proCESs is rAThER DeVice SpeCIFIc (NOT NeCeSSaRIlY USIng wa pRotocol) - yOu'd betTer haVe ABsOlUte PAThs tO.Jad aND.jAr seT (i.e.
http://www.FoOSErveR.cOM/RePoSITory/JoeDoeaPp.JaD) [E] RAnDom forum pOsTINg:
at LEasT IN The sIeMENS DEVicES, yoU HAvE A SPECIfiC CONFiGUratioN FOr JAvA,
wHICh iS dIffeREnt FroM ThaT oF waP aND gPrs. yOu mAY naVIGATE ThROuGh WAp,
bUt WHeN a MIdLEt iS FOUnd, A DiFfEREnt sETUp Is aUTOMaTicaLLy CHANGEd To
aCcOmpLisH THE dowNlOaD. In the m50 HaNdy, You HAVE To SET THE jAva ProFILEs
acCORdiNG TO thE PARAmeTErs Of yOUr pRoVIDER; iN thE c55 HANDY, tHe SaMe seT
is cALLED "HTtp PROfIle" ANd it IS uSed ALsO FOR other Kinds oF dOWNLOAd
(e.G., HTTP conneCTioNs in thE MIdlEt). [f] mISc. iNtEREstInG lINK On
ADVAnced miDLEt sIgnINg stuFF: HTTp://WIreLESsSOFtware.INfO/MiDp_2.0/
JaVAx/mICrOeDitioN/MIdleT/dOC-FIlES/PkiapPENdIx.Ht mL [g] vEry cOOL MIDlet
pROGrAMMiNg iNTRODUctIOn: hTTp://WiReLeSS.jaVA.sUN.COm/mIDP/ArTiCLeS/getstar t
[H] hTTP://wiREleSs.jaVa.SuN.CoM/Midp/ARtIClES/DEPloy/ tO DepLoy Your
wireless aPPLiCAtIonS RemotELy: UpLoAD yoUR aPPLICATIon FILes (JaD AnD JaR)
To a REmOte wEB serVER. IF YOuR PrOjECt is nAMed GAMEs, FOr insTAnCE, UpLOAd
tHE fiLEs: Games.Jad aNd GaMeS.jAr frOM thE bIn DIrEcTOry OF yOUR Project
home (fOR ExAMplE,/appS/GaMes/BiN). NotE thAT thE tWo FileS MuST End uP IN
ThE same dIReCtOrY oN THe SErVeR. ReConfiGuRE THE Web SeRveR So THaT iT
rEcoGnizes jAD anD jAr FileS: FOR thE jad fiLe tyPE, SEt The FIle EXtENSiON
tO.jAd AnD tHE MIme TYPE to TEXT/VnD.sUn.J2me.APP-DEscRIPtoR. foR thE jaR
File TyPE, SEt ThE file ExTensioN To.JaR anD ThE mIme tYpE to
apPlIcatIOn/JAVa-arChive. HoW yOU cONfigure tHe WeB seRVER dEPENDs on WHIch
OnE yOu'Re UsiNg. For ExaMple, if yOU'rE uSINg TOmcaT, MaKE SuRE YOUr weB.XMl
filE iNClUDEs thE foLLoWInG lInes: JaD Text/vNd.SUN.J2me.apP-descRIPTOR JaR
apPLICAtiOn/JAva-aRcHive CHAnGe YoUr jad fiLe's miDLET-JAR-URL PropERtY TO
SPeCiFY ThE URL of yoUR jar FIlE. FOr ExAMpLE, In THe CopY Of gAmeS.jAD you
UPlOAdEd tO THE SerVeR, cHaNge... mIdlET-jar-url: gAmEs.Jar...To...
midLET-jar-uRL: HTtP://YOURWebsErVeRADdreSs:poRT/pAtHTO/gamEs.jAR [I] RAnDoM
LiNks: HtTP://WWW.microjaVa.coM/ARtiCles/tEChtalk/mIdP?pA geno3
HtTP://WWw.cOrEj2ME.com/devElopERReSoUrCEs/sOUrCec ode/gENEraL/mUltipLemIDLets/InDEX.sHtml
coNCLUSiON don't contact me WIth QUESTIOns aBoUT cell PhONe dEveLopmeNT,
beCAuSe I dON't know anYTHIng mOre tHan whaT I PResEntED hERe! i juST DID
aLl of This foR bRIEf RECreatION. I Have ABSOlUTELY No exPERiENce In ThIs
Field. i hope tHiS prEsENtATIOn PROMOtEs j2mE phoNeS aNd SPREAds ThE word
ABOuT HOW brEW Is A ReAL DisasTer FOr deveLOPERs AND COnSUmERS. peOPLe WHo
sABotAGe ThE pROmiSE OF THE fUtUrE, aND ReTard PrOGrESs aNd the aDVAncEMeNt
OF the QualitY OF lIfE, By ProMoTING bACKwArDS PRoPRIEtARY teChNOlogy OR bY
FindIng OthEr WAYs TO cREAtE mORe BaRRIerS To USinG OtHeRwiSE VErY BasIC
stAndards, aRE a CURsE TO HUmaNITy. iF You woRK fOr A cOmPAnY tHat ReLIeS On
sECReTS, partNershipS, And monOPOliZIng diStRIbUTioN, iNStEAd Of relyiNg on
cOOPeRATion, ContiNuoUs InnOvatION, ANd expaNDInG parTICIPATiOn, THEN REFLECT
On hOW thIS jUsT drAgS us alL doWn. you CaN mAKe a DifFerENce AT ANy leVEL. - cOlIn p. FaHEY CPFahEy@EARTHliNK.neT
7.14. 'ET' Command This command causes the screen to be refreshed. 7.14.1. With No Arguments This is the only legal form of the command. This command is not normally required during most interactive editing, since the screen is automatically refreshed at the end of each keystroke anyway. However, during iterations and macro executions, many commands are executed, but the screen is only refreshed after all the commands are complete. By inserting the ET command into an iteration or macro, the user can see the state of the file as the commands execute. For example, if the user typed the following command:
$$
all occurrences of string1 would be replaced with string2. However, the user would normally see only the first replacement occur. Then, as he closed the iteration and typed two escapes, the iteration would run to completion before the screen would be updated. This is often the desirable behavior. The user gets to see the first time through the iteration, giving him a chance to be sure that things are working the way he wants, then the editor continues the iteration as fast as possible, until it is complete. Suppose, however, that the user is worried that some unintended strings might get mistakenly replaced by this command. Rather than have to issue one FS command after another, he could just issue:
$$
This would cause the screen to be repainted each time a string is replaced, giving him a chance to see each string replacement occur.
7.14.2. With One Argument Illegal. 7.14.3. With Two Arguments Illegal. 7.15. 'EV' Command The EV command is used to select an edit buffer for editing. It is identical to the EB command, except that if a new edit buffer is created, it is created readonly. Readonly edit buffers are flagged by the word READONLY on the status line. Edit buffers created this way cannot be written out. There are two forms of the command: 7.15.1. With No Arguments This form of the command takes one string argument which is the name of the disk file to be viewed. A readonly edit buffer is created with the same name as the disk file, and this edit buffer becomes the current edit buffer. If the edit buffer already exists when the command is issued, Video TECO simply makes it the current edit buffer without having any effect on it's readonly status. EVfilename.ext$
Edit buffers created in this manner are numbered with sequential positive integers.
7.15.2. With One Argument If the EV command is specified with one argument, it is an immediate execute command to switch to a pre-existing edit buffer. An error occurs if the argument specifies a non-existent edit buffer. Edit buffers with positive numbers contains user files. Edit buffers with negative numbers are TECO Q-registers. Edit buffer zero is a special buffer which lists all the current edit buffers.
Since this form of the command requires that the buffer already exist, it will not create a readonly buffer. Thus this form of the command is identical to this form of the EB command in every respect.
7.15.3. With Two Arguments Illegal. 7.16. 'EW' Command This command is used to the write the current contents of an edit buffer to the disk. The command is not immediate execute, so it requires two escapes to be issued before it will execute. 7.16.1. With No Arguments This is the only legal form of the command. The command expects a trailing string argument to be specified. If the string is null, the file which is written is written to the same name as that of the edit buffer. Otherwise, the string specifies the name of the file to be written: EWfilename.ext$$
This command clears the modified status of an edit buffer.
7.16.2. With One Argument Illegal. 7.16.3. With Two Arguments Illegal.
The principle of capitalism is the idea that people manage to make money by producing things and thereby are encouraged to do what is useful, automatically, so to speak. But that doesn't work when it comes to owning knowledge. They are encouraged to do not really what's useful, and what really is useful is not encouraged. I think it is important to say that information is different from material objects like cars and loaves of bread because people can copy it and share it on their own and, if nobody attempts to stop them, they can change it and make it better for themselves. That is a useful thing for people to do. This isn't true of loaves of bread. If you have one loaf of bread and you want another, you can't just put your loaf of bread into a bread copier. you can't make another one except by going through all the steps that were used to make the first one. It therefore is irrelevant whether people are permitted to copy it--it's impossible.
Books were printed only on printing presses until recently. It was possible to make a copy yourself by hand, but it wasn't practical because it took so much more work than using a printing press. And it produced something so much less attractive that, for all intents and purposes, you could act as if it were impossible to make books except by mass producing them. And therefore copyright didn't really take any freedom away from the reading public. There wasn't anything that a book purchaser could do that was forbidden by copyright.
But this isn't true for computer programs. It's also not true for tape cassettes. It's partly false now for books, but it is still true that for most books it is more expensive and certainly a lot more work to Xerox them than to buy a copy, and the result is still less attractive. Right now we are in a period where the situation that made copyright harmless and acceptable is changing to a situation where copyright will become destructive and intolerable. So the people who are slandered as "pirates" are in fact the people who are trying to do something useful that they have been forbidden to do. The copyright laws are entirely designed to help people take complete control over the use of some information for their own good. But they aren't designed to help people who want to make sure that the information is accessible to the public and stop others from depriving the public. I think that the law should recognize a class of works that are owned by the public, which is different from public domain in the same sense that a public park is different from something found in a garbage can. It's not there for anybody to take away, it's there for everyone to use but for no one to impede. Anybody in the public who finds himself being deprived of the derivative work of something owned by the public should be able to sue about it.
TONY StanCo, host oF THe MOST ReceNT EGovOs MeeTinG is PUtTinG togETHeR aNYone. I'VE InCLuDED tHe SalIENt iNFORmATIon bE LOw - bUt oNE ThiNg of NOTe Is tHaT iT'S GOING tO Be aN oPPortUnITY foR oPeN souRCe vENDors to hOOk UP WITh thE GOveRnME nT. in oTHEr conFerENcE NEwS, I'VE Got MY pLANE tICKet fOr CALU - WOOhOO!
ThE ceNtER FOr OPeN sourCE in GovERnmeNT [WwW.egoVOs.OrG], alONg WiTH The CYbEr SECUrItY pOliCy AnD ResEaRCh InSTiTUTE ( cSpRI) oF THe GEORGe WAShInGtON unIvERsITY ANd oTHERS, iS pRoUd TO preSENt THeIR SECOnD oPEn SOURCe in gOVErnmENT CONFER ence cALLeD "OpEN souRce foR NaTIOnaL and LOcal eGOvERnMEnt PROgRAms IN tHE u.s. ANd eu" TO BE Held In WaShInGton, dc, U Sa, MarCh 17 - 19, 2003.
This CONfErenCe iS desigNed To DIscUSs besT prAcTiCES, RaIse awArEnEsS aNd share exPERIENCeS aMoNG PolIcy mAkERs ANd sen ioR it OFfICiAlS FrOm tHe U.s. AND EurOPE. ThE COnFErEnCe wIll dRAW paRTICIpAntS FrOM LoCAl, natIOnAL ANd iNTErNatIONal oRganizaTiONS FrOM ThE PUBLIC, pRIvate aNd acaDemiC sEctOrS.
wE sTROngly ENCourAgE OpeN sOUrce COmpanIeS To sUbmiT PRopOsals, SinCE goVerNMeNT oFFiCIAlS AT THe LAsT cONferENce WerE paRticulaRlY inTEReStED IN THe opEn soURce COMPAnieS, ZOpE AnD DeVIS, bECAUsE tHEy ProVided ExaMPlES Of oPEn souRcE SOLu tIonS ThAt THe GOvERnmenT CoUlD buy.
To FaCILiTAte tHe orGAniZaTiON Of TOpicS aND eVEnts AT THe coNfEReNCe, YOU ArE iNviteD TO sUBMIT sPeAKING And demONStrAT iON proPOSALs.
SuggestED toPiCs InClUde, BuT arE NoT LImiTEd TO, thE FoLLOwing:
cItIzeN-CENtrIc EGOVeRNmEnT OPeN sOUrce xmL sOlUTIonS opEn sOurce And opEn STaNDards oPeN sOUrCE aNd EnTERPRISe ArchiTectUrE sTaTe / lOcAl gOvERnment UsiNg opEn SoURCE ThE ROLe OF oPeN source iN gOVeRNMENt dEMonstratIONs of open soUrCe Projects OpeN SoUrCE AnD sEcURITy OPEn soURcE aND tHE cRITICaL INFoRmaTion iNfRAstRuctuRe NIAp/COmmON criTeRia EvaLUAtions And oPEn SoUrCE oPen soUrCE IN The miLiTARy OPen SOuRCe, Pki And staNdaRDS-bASEd AuThENTICaTION open soUrce IN HIGher EDUCAtioN oPEn Source iN Health cARe AND bIoINformaTicS oPEN sOUrce IN TrAiniNG it comPuteR SCIenCe sTUDEnTs bUsiNesS cASEs: opeN soUrce sOftwaRe and ToTal cOST of oWneRsHiP OPEn souRce EmpoWERInG PEoPle WitH dISAbilItIEs oPEn SoUrce AND SecTIoN 508 OPEn SouRCe lICeNsEs and othER lEgaL ISSUes
dATeS to ReMEMber:
DeADLInE for SPeaKInG PRopOSALs: JAnuaRY 10, 2003 NoTIficATioN Of acCePtAnce: jAnuaRy 20, 2003 FINAl SUBmISSiOnS dUe: JANUArY 31, 2003 CONFereNce: MaRch 17-19, 2003
thE CoNferEnCe wEBsIte Can BE fOunD AT hTtp://wwW.EgOVoS.OrG.
seven stAtEs dRoppEd out of the aNTitrust LAWSuIt AGAInSt microsOFT cOrp., LEaViNg oNly MAssaChuSEtTS and PoSsIbly weSt VIRGInia tO apPeal a lANdmark SETTLEMEnt bETWEEn THE coMpUter soFTWARE GiaNT aND thE federal GOVernMENT.
MASSaChuSETTs on fRIDaY aPpEALeD A u.S. JUDgE's DecisIOn AccepTiNg THe seTtLEmeNT, WhiCh iTs atTORNEY GenerAL crITICIZed AS A "lOOPHOlE-fIlLeD DEaL" ThaT wON't AFfeCt The SOftwaRe Maker'S AggrEssIve pracTicEs.
"WE ARe prEparEd tO Go iT ALonE," MAsSaChUseTTs attORNEy gEnErAL toM REILLy sAid At a neWs cOnfeRenCe.
sEVen OTHeR stATEs plus the DiStRICT OF cOLuMbia PlAN NO Court actIOn, SAid Iowa'S ATTORney GEneRal, tOM miLlEr, whO HaS beEN cOoRdInATiNG tHe ANtItruST fIgHT SINce thE bush ADMInisTRaTIon negOTiAtED thE SetTlEmEnt LasT yEaR.
ofFiCIalS IN WEsT VirGiNiA inDicatEd they Will dECide MOnDaY wHeTheR To jOin ThE APpEal.
otHer sTAteS hAvE BEEN NEGOtIaTInG WITh miCrOSoft FoR wEeKS OVer REImBUrseMEnT Of AtTORneYs' fEEs, WHICh is REQUiRed UNder u.s. ANTItrUsT lAWS.
U.s. DiSTriCT judGE CollEEN kOllar-kotEllY earlIer ThIs MONth accepTEd nEArly all THE PRoviSiOns of the sEtTLeMEnt WITH mICrOsOFt.
in doING So, she RebufFEd ArgumeNTS BY NINe sTAtES aND ThE DiStRICt OF COlumBiA tHAt ToUghEr sanctiOns wErE eSsentiaL tO rEStorE COmpetItioN IN THE coMPuTEr INDUstry. ShE cONcLUDEd ThAt soMe pEnALTiES prOPosEd BY tHOSe sTATES wOuLd chiEfLY beNefiT thE COmPANy's RiVaLS.
"TheRe WAs NOtHInG IN THE DEaL wiTH JUSTICE ThAt WILL CHAnGE MIcrosoFT's BUsINeSs PrACTIces in any sUbSTAntIaL Way," rEILLY sAiD.
bUT CalIfoRNia ATtORnEY gEneral BILl loCKyEr isSued A sTatemENt fRiDaY, SAYing The stAtE WOUld noT appeAL The decReE aNd wOuLd inSTEAd "FocUs ON EnfORcEment To ENSuRe ThAT thE sofTwARe gIANT abIDEs By FaIr CoMpeTItIOn rulEs."
"WhILE noT CoMpleTEly SatiSFying, tHE CoURt DecREE cLOSED ENFORCemEnt LooPhOLes, KEePs COmPlianCe wiTH ThE remEDiES squarElY BefOrE THe courT aNd alLOWs US nOw tO TUrn aTtENTIoN TO mAkINg SuRe THAT micROsoFt COMpeTES fAIrLy IN tHe mARkETPlacE," He SaiD.
locKYeR said thE aNtItRuSt case "ExPOSEd tHE COMPANy'S iLlegaL pRaCtices" AnD pROVeD gooD foR CoMPETItiON And ConSUmers.
conNeCTIcuT aTTorneY gENERAL riCHArD bLUMentHAL saiD the DECisIoN "dEMonStrATes bOth reSolve ANd ReSourCes -- EacH esseNtIAL To EnfoRcE HARd-wOn reMEDIeS aGAINsT Any REcurRENcE OF microSoFT's Anti-ConsumeR lawBreakiNG."
"oUR AnTITrUST LawsuiT has ALwaYs BeeN ABouT PROteCtiNg ConSuMeRs And busiNesSes AnD sTOppING mICRoSoft from ilLEgaLlY STiFLiNg InnOVAtIon AnD STRaNgLIng COmPeTiTion," he sAID. "coNsumeR InTErESTS Are noW bEst SERvEd By tUrNiNG oUR fOcus to enforcement."
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Slashdot Mirror
Won't somebody think of the script kiddies!
Who wrote this? It's pretty good.
The point of the article, though, was that you'd then get fired if the movie made less bank than "Titanic", because "everybody in the industry knew that movie was crap".
"We've been talking about doing this for some time, so we just decided to drive off the cliff."
need lovin', too.
Wed feb 5, 8:38 AM ET
TOKYO - jAPan PLans to sPenD aBOUt 1 BillIOn YEn (Us$8.3 MIllioN) funDiNg AsIAN sOFtwAre DeVeLOpERs Working oN tHE oPen-SoURCE LiNux (newS - wEb SItES) oPeRaTInG SYStem FOR ConSuMer eLECtrOnICS GOodS, An oFFiCiAl SaId WEDnEsdaY.
mInIStrY OF ecONOmy, trADe And INDustrY offIciAL SHUICHi tASHIRO sAID tHe suBSIDiEs Will bE dOleD OUt Next FISCAl yEar, whIcH bEGins AprIL 1.
JAPAN is beTtiNg ThaT the nEXt-GEnErAtIoN OF HIGH-TecH pRoDucTs anD cOmputEr nETWORkS wIlL ReLy on opeN-soUrce sOFTWaRE, In WhICH ThE UndERLYING Code Is pubLiC ANd OpEN FOr ModIFICaTIon, uNlIKE MicRoSoFt'S prOprIeTARy SofTWare.
TOkYo Has alReAdy budgetED 50 MiLlIOn Yen (uS$416,000) fOr NeXt fISCal YEaR To sTuDY The PossiBiLitY OF SWiTcHING GovERNMENt COmPuters To an Open-sourcE OPeraTiNg syStEM.
liKe comPuterS, mosT hIGh-TeCH eleCTRoniCs PRoducTS SucH AS dIGitAl CAmERAS, ReFriGeRAtOrS aND aiR cONDitioneRS rEQUIRe BuilT-IN soFTwaRE to CoNtROl ThEiR FUnCTiONs.
U.S. coMputeR GIanT ibm has ThROwn ITs COnSIdERaBle WEIgHT BeHInD open-soURcE soFtWArE, and sOmE jaPanESe CompanIeS ARe joinIng iN.
iN dEceMBeR, soNY cOrP (nEws - wEB siteS). ANd matSusHiTa eleCTric indUsTriaL cO., both MAjOr JaPanEsE ElECtRONics maKeRs, sAiD tHeY wIll JoIntlY deVelOP a LinuX-Based SyStEm FOR dIGitAl COnSumeR ElectRONiCs.
Every day the factory whistle bellowed forth its shrill, roaring,
trembling noises into the smoke-begrimed and greasy atmosphere of
the workingmen's suburb; and obedient to the summons of the power of
steam, people poured out of little gray houses into the street.
With somber faces they hastened forward like frightened roaches,
their muscles stiff from insufficient sleep. In the chill morning
twilight they walked through the narrow, unpaved street to the tall
stone cage that waited for them with cold assurance, illumining
their muddy road with scores of greasy, yellow, square eyes. The
mud plashed under their feet as if in mocking commiseration. Hoarse
exclamations of sleepy voices were heard; irritated, peevish,
abusive language rent the air with malice; and, to welcome the
people, deafening sounds floated about--the heavy whir of machinery,
the dissatisfied snort of steam. Stern and somber, the black
chimneys stretched their huge, thick sticks high above the village.
In the evening, when the sun was setting, and red rays languidly
glimmered upon the windows of the houses, the factory ejected its
people like burned-out ashes, and again they walked through the
streets, with black, smoke-covered faces, radiating the sticky odor
of machine oil, and showing the gleam of hungry teeth. But now
there was animation in their voices, and even gladness. The
servitude of hard toil was over for the day. Supper awaited them
at home, and respite.
The day was swallowed up by the factory; the machine sucked out of
men's muscles as much vigor as it needed. The day was blotted out
from life, not a trace of it left. Man made another imperceptible
step toward his grave; but he saw close before him the delights of
rest, the joys of the odorous tavern, and he was satisfied.
On holidays the workers slept until about ten o'clock. Then the
staid and married people dressed themselves in their best clothes
and, after duly scolding the young folks for their indifference to
church, went to hear mass. When they returned from church, they
ate pirogs, the Russian national pastry, and again lay down to
sleep until the evening. The accumulated exhaustion of years had
robbed them of their appetites, and to be able to eat they drank,
long and deep, goading on their feeble stomachs with the biting,
burning lash of vodka.
In the evening they amused themselves idly on the street; and those
who had overshoes put them on, even if it was dry, and those who had
umbrellas carried them, even if the sun was shining. Not everybody
has overshoes and an umbrella, but everybody desires in some way,
however small, to appear more important than his neighbor.
Meeting one another they spoke about the factory and the machines,
had their fling against their foreman, conversed and thought only of
matters closely and manifestly connected with their work. Only
rarely, and then but faintly, did solitary sparks of impotent
thought glimmer in the wearisome monotony of their talk. Returning
home they quarreled with their wives, and often beat them, unsparing
of their fists. The young people sat in the taverns, or enjoyed
evening parties at one another's houses, played the accordion, sang
vulgar songs devoid of beauty, danced, talked ribaldry, and drank.
Exhausted with toil, men drank swiftly, and in every heart there
awoke and grew an incomprehensible, sickly irritation. It demanded
an outlet. Clutching tenaciously at every pretext for unloading
themselves of this disquieting sensation, they fell on one another
for mere trifles, with the spiteful ferocity of beasts, breaking
into bloody quarrels which sometimes ended in serious injury and on
rare occasions even in murder.
This lurking malice steadily increased, inveterate as the incurable
weariness in their muscles. They were born with this disease of the
soul inherited from their fathers. Like a black shadow it
accompanied them to their graves, spurring on their lives to crime,
hideous in its aimless cruelty and brutality.
On holidays the young people came home late at night, dirty and
dusty, their clothes torn, their faces bruised, boasting maliciously
of the blows they had struck their companions, or the insults they
had inflicted upon them; enraged or in tears over the indignities
they themselves had suffered; drunken and piteous, unfortunate and
repulsive. Sometimes the boys would be brought home by the mother
or the father, who had picked them up in the street or in a tavern,
drunk to insensibility. The parents scolded and swore at them
peevishly, and beat their spongelike bodies, soaked with liquor;
then more or less systematically put them to bed, in order to rouse
them to work early next morning, when the bellow of the whistle
should sullenly course through the air.
They scolded and beat the children soundly, notwithstanding the fact
that drunkenness and brawls among young folk appeared perfectly
legitimate to the old people. When they were young they, too, had
drunk and fought; they, too, had been beaten by their mothers and
fathers. Life had always been like that. It flowed on monotonously
and slowly somewhere down the muddy, turbid stream, year after year;
and it was all bound up in strong ancient customs and habits that
led them to do one and the same thing day in and day out. None of
them, it seemed, had either the time or the desire to attempt to
change this state of life.
Once in a long while a stranger would come to the village. At first
he attracted attention merely because he was a stranger. Then he
aroused a light, superficial interest by the stories of the places
where he had worked. Afterwards the novelty wore off, the people
got used to him, and he remained unnoticed. From his stories it was
clear that the life of the workingmen was the same everywhere. And
if so, then what was there to talk about?
Occasionally, however, some stranger spoke curious things never
heard of in the suburb. The men did not argue with him, but
listened to his odd speeches with incredulity. His words aroused
blind irritation in some, perplexed alarm in others, while still
others were disturbed by a feeble, shadowy glimmer of the hope of
something, they knew not what. And they all began to drink more in
order to drive away the unnecessary, meddlesome excitement.
Noticing in the stranger something unusual, the villagers cherished
it long against him and treated the man who was not like them with
unaccountable apprehension. It was as if they feared he would throw
something into their life which would disturb its straight, dismal
course. Sad and difficult, it was yet even in its tenor. People
were accustomed to the fact that life always oppressed them with the
same power. Unhopeful of any turn for the better, they regarded
every change as capable only of increasing their burden.
And the workingmen of the suburb tacitly avoided people who spoke
unusual things to them. Then these people disappeared again, going
off elsewhere, and those who remained in the factory lived apart, if
they could not blend and make one whole with the monotonous mass in
the village.
Living a life like that for some fifty years, a workman died.
Thus also lived Michael Vlasov, a gloomy, sullen man, with little
eyes which looked at everybody from under his thick eyebrows
suspiciously, with a mistrustful, evil smile. He was the best
locksmith in the factory, and the strongest man in the village. But
he was insolent and disrespectful toward the foreman and the
superintendent, and therefore earned little; every holiday he beat
somebody, and everyone disliked and feared him.
More than one attempt was made to beat him in turn, but without
success. When Vlasov found himself threatened with attack, he
caught a stone in his hand, or a piece of wood or iron, and
spreading out his legs stood waiting in silence for the enemy. His
face overgrown with a dark beard from his eyes to his neck, and his
hands thickly covered with woolly hair, inspired everybody with
fear. People were especially afraid of his eyes. Small and keen,
they seemed to bore through a man like steel gimlets, and everyone
who met their gaze felt he was confronting a beast, a savage power,
inaccessible to fear, ready to strike unmercifully.
"Well, pack off, dirty vermin!" he said gruffly. His coarse, yellow
teeth glistened terribly through the thick hair on his face. The
men walked off uttering coward abuse.
"Dirty vermin!" he snapped at them, and his eyes gleamed with a smile
sharp as an awl. Then holding his head in an attitude of direct
challenge, with a short, thick pipe between his teeth, he walked
behind them, and now and then called out: "Well, who wants death?"
No one wanted it.
He spoke little, and "dirty vermin" was his favorite expression.
It was the name he used for the authorities of the factory, and
the police, and it was the epithet with which he addressed his wife:
"Look, you dirty vermin, don't you see my clothes are torn?"
When Pavel, his son, was a boy of fourteen, Vlasov was one day
seized with the desire to pull him by the hair once more. But Pavel
grasped a heavy hammer, and said curtly:
"Don't touch me!"
"What!" demanded his father, bending over the tall, slender figure
of his son like a shadow on a birch tree.
"Enough!" said Pavel. "I am not going to give myself up any more."
And opening his dark eyes wide, he waved the hammer in the air.
His father looked at him, folded his shaggy hands on his back, and,
smiling, said:
"All right." Then he drew a heavy breath and added: "Ah, you
dirty vermin!"
Shortly after this he said to his wife:
"Don't ask me for money any more. Pasha will feed you now."
"And you will drink up everything?" she ventured to ask.
"None of your business, dirty vermin!" From that time, for three
years, until his death, he did not notice, and did not speak to his son.
Vlasov had a dog as big and shaggy as himself. She accompanied him
to the factory every morning, and every evening she waited for him
at the gate. On holidays Vlasov started off on his round of the
taverns. He walked in silence, and stared into people's faces as if
looking for somebody. His dog trotted after him the whole day long.
Returning home drunk he sat down to supper, and gave his dog to eat
from his own bowl. He never beat her, never scolded, and never
petted her. After supper he flung the dishes from the table--if his
wife was not quick enough to remove them in time--put a bottle of
whisky before him, and leaning his back against the wall, began in a
hoarse voice that spread anguish about him to bawl a song, his mouth
wide open and his eyes closed. The doleful sounds got entangled in
his mustache, knocking off the crumbs of bread. He smoothed down
the hair of his beard and mustache with his thick fingers and sang--
sang unintelligible words, long drawn out. The melody recalled the
wintry howl of wolves. He sang as long as there was whisky in the
bottle, then he dropped on his side upon the bench, or let his head
sink on the table, and slept in this way until the whistle began to
blow. The dog lay at his side.
When he died, he died hard. For five days, turned all black, he
rolled in his bed, gnashing his teeth, his eyes tightly closed.
Sometimes he would say to his wife: "Give me arsenic. Poison me."
She called a physician. He ordered hot poultices, but said an
operation was necessary and the patient must be taken at once to
the hospital.
"Go to the devil! I will die by myself, dirty vermin!" said Michael.
And when the physician had left, and his wife with tears in her
eyes began to insist on an operation, he clenched his fists and
announced threateningly:
"Don't you dare! It will be worse for you if I get well."
He died in the morning at the moment when the whistle called the
men to work. He lay in the coffin with open mouth, his eyebrows
knit as if in a scowl. He was buried by his wife, his son, the dog,
an old drunkard and thief, Daniel Vyesovshchikov, a discharged
smelter, and a few beggars of the suburb. His wife wept a little
and quietly; Pavel did not weep at all. The villagers who met the
funeral in the street stopped, crossed themselves, and said to one
another: "Guess Pelagueya is glad he died!" And some corrected:
"He didn't die; he rotted away like a beast."
When the body was put in the ground, the people went away, but the
dog remained for a long time, and sitting silently on the fresh
soil, she sniffed at the grave.
"Putting the honey in honeynet since '98." ;PpPppPpPpPPPpP
Introduction:
Several months ago, GOBBLES Security was recruited by the RIAA (riaa.org)
to invent, create, and finally deploy the future of antipiracy tools. We
focused on creating virii/worm hybrids to infect and spread over p2p nets.
Until we became RIAA contracters, the best they could do was to passively
monitor traffic. Our contributions to the RIAA have given them the power
to actively control the majority of hosts using these networks.
We focused our research on vulnerabilities in audio and video players.
The idea was to come up with holes in various programs, so that we could
spread malicious media through the p2p networks, and gain access to the
host when the media was viewed.
During our research, we auditted and developed our hydra for the following
media tools:
mplayer (www.mplayerhq.org)
WinAMP (www.winamp.com)
Windows Media Player (www.microsoft.com)
xine (xine.sourceforge.net)
mpg123 (www.mpg123.de)
xmms (www.xmms.org)
After developing robust exploits for each, we presented this first part of
our research to the RIAA. They were pleased, and approved us to continue
to phase two of the project -- development of the mechanism by which the
infection will spread.
It took us about a month to develop the complex hydra, and another month to
bring it up to the standards of excellence that the RIAA demanded of us. In
the end, we submitted them what is perhaps the most sophisticated tool for
compromising millions of computers in moments.
Our system works by first infecting a single host. It then fingerprints a
connecting host on the p2p network via passive traffic analysis, and
determines what the best possible method of infection for that host would
be. Then, the proper search results are sent back to the "victim" (not the
hard-working artists who p2p technology rapes, and the RIAA protects). The
user will then (hopefully) download the infected media file off the RIAA
server, and later play it on their own machine.
When the player is exploited, a few things happen. First, all p2p-serving
software on the machine is infected, which will allow it to infect other
hosts on the p2p network. Next, all media on the machine is cataloged, and
the full list is sent back to the RIAA headquarters (through specially
crafted requests over the p2p networks), where it is added to their records
and stored until a later time, when it can be used as evidence in criminal
proceedings against those criminals who think it's OK to break the law.
Our software worked better than even we hoped, and current reports indicate
that nearly 95% of all p2p-participating hosts are now infected with the
software that we developed for the RIAA.
Things to keep in mind:
1) If you participate in illegal file-sharing networks, your
computer now belongs to the RIAA.
2) Your BlackIce Defender(tm) firewall will not help you.
3) Snort, RealSecure, Dragon, NFR, and all that other crap
cannot detect this attack, or this type of attack.
4) Don't fuck with the RIAA again, scriptkids.
5) We have our own private version of this hydra actively
infecting p2p users, and building one giant ddosnet.
Due to our NDA with the RIAA, we are unable to give out any other details
concerning the technology that we developed for them, or the details on any
of the bugs that are exploited in our hydra.
However, as a demonstration of how this system works, we're providing the
academic security community with a single example exploit, for a mpg123 bug
that was found independantly of our work for the RIAA, and is not covered
under our agreement with the establishment.
Affected Software:
mpg123 (pre0.59s)
http://www.mpg123.de
Problem Type:
Local && Remote
Vendor Notification Status:
The professional staff of GOBBLES Security believe that by releasing our
advisories without vendor notification of any sort is cute and humorous, so
this is also the first time the vendor has been made aware of this problem.
We hope that you're as amused with our maturity as we are.
Exploit Available:
Yes, attached below.
Technical Description of Problem:
Read the source.
Credits:
Special thanks to stran9er@openwall.com for the ethnic-cleansing shellcode.
Is there any better way to proclaim your fag-dom than by not only using a word as fucking gay as "workflow", but using it over.... and over.... and over again?
And to preempt the obvious reply, let me say that I mean "other than by being a half-assed crapflooder on
That looks like complete ass. You would LOVE linux!
There's nothing synthetic about chopped-up hog cocks.
This BoOK IS a GreAT eXAmple oF tHAT. IT cOMes CoMplEte wITh THrEe cds COnTaiNINg rED haT lInuX (WHIch, I asSumE, arE thE sAMe as or vErY SImILAr To the THreE THat COME wITh RED HAT's OWN sHRINk-wRAPPed pRoduCt) aNd it THEreFOre StaRts witH InSTallIng rEd HaT lInUx. hOwevER, soMe ThoUsaNd Or So pAGES latEr, tHE sAME BooK IS tAlKInG aBOUt soME rEallY quitE aDVaNcEd SYsTEmS AdmInistRaTIon tAsks. I'M rEAlLy NOT SUrE thAT thE SaMe AudIence wiLl nEeD bOth of thosE eNdS of The SPEcTRUm.
lET's TaKE A lOOk AT The contENTs IN MORE dEtAiL:
Chapter 1 gIVEs A UseFul ReViEW OF reD hat LiNUx. It prEttY Much ASsuMes thaT the rEadER kNowS NoTHING aBoUT liNUx And GOES inTo SOME DEtAIL aboUT WhAT liNUx iS And WheRe iT COMeS frOM. IT eVen TaKEs tImE OuT at onE POiNT tO ExpLAiN WHaT an opERaTiNg sYSTeM iS. tHe BoOk dOes sCore A feW eArly PoiNTS fOR KNOwInG tHe DIFFEreNcE BETwEEN "hackerS" And "cRackERs" and USing thE TERMs COrrEctlY. tHIS cHapter enDs WiTh a mORE DeTaILED lOok aT rEd HAT LiNUx aNd SOMe of ThE cHaNgeS thaT WEre INtrOdUCed WiTh vERsIOn 8.0. cHaPTER 2 covERS THe inSTallATION Of rED hAt linuX. It DOEs A gOOD JOB OF ExplAiNinG THiS in a wAY ThAt WOuld Be CleaR to sOMeOnE WItH No PrEViOus knOWledge oF how TO dO ThIs.
CHApTeR 3 iS tHe sTaRT OF tHe SeCOnd MajOr SEctIon Of The BoOk wHICh INTrODuCeS THe daY-TO-Day uSe OF rED hat lINUX. IN ChaPTer 3 WE lOok at loGGINg intO the systEm AND Get An inTroDucTIOn TO UsIng uniX FrOM the cOMMaNd lIne. cHapteR 4 GOes INTo A similAr LEVel Of DETAIl On uSING THe TwO dOminAnt GUI envIRONmentS -- GnOMe AND kDE. FoR a BEgiNNER, IT may HAVe MaDE mOrE sENse tO HAve THEsE CHaPteRS thE OtheR Way ROuND aS moST rEd HAT InstallATioNs wIlL Boot STRAIGHT InTO a guI enVIRONMENT anD ONe of REd HAT's changES for VErSioN 8.0 wAs TO mAKE iT FAr hARDeR tO wOrK ouT hoW To geT a sHELL wiNDow Open.
CHapTeR 5 staRTs tO LoOk AT at lINUx apPLicaTIONS. It BEGIns WiTh A Table Of COmMON WInDOws aPPliCATioNs and tHEir LinUx COUnTErPARtS. iT tHeN gOes On TO dIScuss FiNdIng, DOwnlOaDIng AND InstaLLing nEw aPPlICaTIOnS wHere, TO mY MiND, IT WOULd have BEeN moRe sensibLE to FIRST LoOK At uSiNG SOMe of tHe pRE-InsTallED APpLiCatIONs. THe CHaPTEr ALso InCludeS DEtaiLs On usInG thE Red hAT PaCkAger MaNAgEr (RpM) aND running WIndows applICaTionS UsiNg WInE.
CHaPTERS 6 To 9 eaCH Look at a SePARAte apPliCATion AREa AND PREseNT A verY briEf OVERvIew Of ThE applICAtIOnS AVailaBle IN ThAt Area. chapteR 6 IS AboUT pRodUcINg doCumEntS, chaptER 7 abOut GAMES, chAPtEr 8 ABOut MulTIMedia aNd chaPTeR 9 AbOut tHE InTErnEt. IN all of thesE chapTERS thE OVERvieWS ArE NecEssaRilY vErY sHort and It's hArd tO sEE HoW AnYONe cOuLd gEt MUCh useFUl WOrK DONE AFTeR REadInG ThEm. It would bE BETTEr If the ChapTeRs ContaInEd rEfERENCes to fuRTher ReadiNG, bUt They doN'T evEN MENTIoN the MaN PAges.
ChapTEr 10 StARtS THe NExT SectIon of The bOoK, WhiCH iS aboUT sYsTeM aDminIsTratiOn. IT CONtAInS a USefUl OveRVIeW oF a nuMbeR of ThE moST cOmMon ADMiNiSTrativE TaSks lIKe MOuntInG DISk drIVEs, mONIToRinG systeM UsagE oR SETtiNG The DAtE aNd TimE. chApTer 11 Is ABoUT aDmINISteRING userS. ChApTEr 12 looKs at aUTomaTiNG sysTem TasKS. it IncLUdeS aN InTRoduCTIon tO SHell scRiptiNG anD a uSEful DEsCRIPtIon OF the sTarT-uP ANd SHUTDOwn cYcLe. ChaPter 13 covErs baCKiNG Up and ResToRing fILeS. ChAptEr 14 IS PosSIblY tHE mOst uSeFUL CHapTER IN tHe bOOK fOr thE coMPLeTe linUx bEGInner As it cOnTAInS an overVIEw oF SecurItY ISsUEs. THIs is PArTicuLarlY importanT with thE iNcREaSE IN THE nuMBER oF PeOpLE WHo LEaVE tHeir coMpUtErS pERmanentlY aTtAChED to ThEIr brOAdBAnd ConneCtions.
tHE FoRtH And fINAL SeCTioN lOokS aT NEtWorkINg, wItH chapTErs on SetTINg Up A laN, a pRINt SErveR, A fILe servEr, A maIl seRVEr aND MAnY OtHEr SHarEd rESOURcEs. THIS sectiON AlSO INClUdES a cHaptEr On getTInG your NeTWork CONNeCtEd TO THE inTErNeT. As wITh MucH OF THe reST of ThE BooK, spaCE cOnStRAInts PREveNt tHEse cHAPtERS frOM gOING INTO gREAt dePTH, AND tHErE ARE VeRy few ReFeRencEs To OTHeR mAtErIAL.
so what DiD i thINk OVerAll? wELL, aS i sAiD, IT'S too BIG. buT oN tHe OtheR HAnd IT's tOO sMAll. iT'S too BIG IN tHaT IT coVeRS suCH a wiDe RanGE oF TOpICs ThAt vErY few peOPLe ArE likELy To Be IntEresTed IN aLL Of it. IT'S toO Small IN THAT It jUST DoeSN'T HAvE THe spaCE To Go Into GREAt dEPTh aBoUT mOST oF The TopiCS IS COverS. I THInK ThAt It WOulD BE fAr mORe USefUL iF WAs tHREE boOkS: ReD hAT 8 linuX uSERS BiBLe, rED HaT 8 LInUX aDmiN bible and Red hAT 8 nETwOrkiNG BiblE. EacH OF tHEM cOUld BE SmaLlER thAn THIs VOLUMe, but Still CoVER the mATErIAl IN moRE deTaiL.
hAViNG Said that, tHE MatErIaL ALl Seems acCuraTe. tHe fEw TImeS I nOtIceD SomEtHING ThAt i thoUGHt wAS WrONG, oN cHEcKiNG I FOUnd tHAT I wAs MISTAKeN. SO IF WaNt you ReaLlY WAnt iS a Broad (bUT iN pLACEs SHaLLow) OVeRViEw OF rED hAt linUx tHen thIs cOulD Well be tHe bOOk FOr yOU.
and it'S Also cHeaPER thaN thE "OFfICIAl" REd HAt lINux PROduCTs.
Cedell Davis was born Ellis Davis on June 9, 1927, in Helena, then a booming river town on the Arkansas bank of the Mississippi. He grew up there and in the upper Mississippi Delta around eight miles south of Tunica, on the E.M. Hood plantation, where his brother lived. Together with one of his childhood friends, Isaiah Ross (future Sun recording artist Dr. Ross the Harmonica Boss), Cedell began playing blues, first harmonica, then some guitar.
Then tragedy struck -- during his ninth and tenth years he grappled with severe polio. He returned to Helena, to his mother, who was locally renowned as a healer, though she worked as a cook, and there he began the painful process of relearning, in fact rethinking the guitar, which he could no longer play in the conventional manner. "It took me about three years," he recalls. "I was right- handed, but I couldn't use my right hand, so I had to turn the guitar around; I play left-handed now. But I still needed something to slide with, and my mother had these knives, a set of silverware, and I kinda swiped one of 'em."
This was the beginning of a guitar style that is utterly unique, in or out of blues. The knife-handle on the strings produces uneven pressure, which results in a welter of metal-stress harmonic transients and a singular tonal plasticity. Some people who hear CeDell's playing for the first time think it's out of tune, but it would be more accurate to say he plays in an alternative tuning. Because the way he hears and plays intervals and chords is consistent and systematic.
Cedell began playing around the Delta as a young man, and over the years he continued to work in some of the world's most dangerous dives. Somehow he learned to project a kind of presence that defuses violence, keeping him miraculously whole amid raging chaos. There is something Buddah-like about that presence, a sense of having learned to deal with a physically violent world with his mind. It also enables him to compose and sequence verses for new songs on the spot and hold them in his memory for as long as necessary.
Over the years Cedell has played in Southern juke joints with a number of other musicians. His most significant and longest-lasting association was with the great Robert Nighthawk, who was considered the Delta's finest slide guitarist by no less an authority than Muddy Waters. They worked together for ten years straight, roughly 1953-'63, trading off "bassing" and lead duties song by song. During the early part of his time with Nighthawk, Cedell was based in St. Louis, where he got to know Big Joe Williams, Charlie Jordan, J.D. "Jelly Jaw" Short, and other leading lights. But during the last part of 1957, he was badly injured in a St. Louis tavern, when an apparent police raid caused a massive stampede. Before that, CeDell could at least walk on crutches. But his legs were broken in so many places during the stampede that he has been largely confined to a wheelchair ever since.
On June 5, 1961, he "came back home to play." At first he was based in Helena, but after he secured a regular gig with Nighthawk at the Jack Rabbit (later the Jungle Hut) in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, he settled there, and there he remains. Pine Bluff's other claims to fame include a massive U.S. Government chemical and biological warfare research and storage facility, located nearby; and according to CeDell's song, "If You Like Fat Women," there are "more fat women there than any place I ever saw."
Many listeners find CeDell difficult: his sense of time, his sense of structure, that timing--not to mention his lyrics. CeDell is a remarkable communicator, and quite possible the greatest hard core vocalist around.
COLiN fAhey'S J2Me cElL phOnE EXPErIenCe figure: MOtORoLA t720 cELlUlAr PhoNE,
clOsED. INtROductIon ThIS pAgE DESCribes how i sUCCEssfULly cREATEd AND
DoWloADED MY oWN Program To my CeLL PHOnE, oVEr tHE AIr (Ota), THroUgH MY owN
wwW sItE, wITHOUT PAYIng fOr aNYtHING MoRe thAn "aIR Time" And "daTa TRansfEr"
(bOth MonTHlY flAt RATeS). you CAN SKIp THe LOnG diSCusSIon SECTIOnS ANd go
dIrecTlY tO The PROceduRE. FiguRE: mOtOROla t720 CEllULAr phonE, fliPpEd oPEN.
bACkgroUnD In LAtE OcTober, 2002, I purchAsED MY firSt cELluLAR PhonE: thE
moToROla T720, With a 120x160 cOlOr scrEeN, PolYPhOniC rING TONEs, WEb BROWseR,
aNd THE aBIlitY to DOwNLOad anD run appLiCATionS. i hAdn't Given MuCH thOuGHT
tO oWNinG a CeLL PHoNE BEforE MOVInG To A new apARtmEnt RecentlY And tHINkInG
abOUT THE HASsle oF acqUIRInG A nEw LAND lINe. onLY AfTer GeTTInG thE celL
PhoNe, HoWeveR, dID i realiZE THE AMazing fReEdoM Of BEinG AbLe to CaLL oR bE
CALLED ANywHeRE aT aNY Time. wheN I pUrchASEd tHIS aDvANCED pHOne, aS OPpoSeD
To A phOnE WITH idENtiCAl PHONe qUalITY BUt fEWER mULtImEDIA ANd inTERnET
capaBIliTIES, i wAS MotivaTED by THe PromisE of Being AbLe TO creATe MY OWn
comPuTER PROGRAms FOR thE PhonE. i havE nO PRacTiCaL rEaSon FoR WanTIng tO do
tHIS; i JUst liKe fUN diVerSIOnS To DIsTRAcT Me FroM poNderiNg deeper qUESTioNs
about lIfe. pHONe mOdeLS, CArriErS, andProgRaMMiNg ENvirOnmEnts a giVen pHoNE
MoDEL (E.g., moTOrOLA t720,
) ExECUTeS A SInGLE tyPe of CodE (e.g., j2me, Brew,
conTraCt WiTh VERiZoN, and YOu chOosE The moTOroLA T720, thE pHonE ExecutES
Brew ONly. if YOu Get a Contract with aT&T, and YOU chOosE ThE MOTOROla t720,
The pHOne EXeCUTes J2mE Only. IT's critICAl to NotE ThAt iF YoU get tHe sAME
MoDEl phone WITH A DiFferEnT CARriER, It maY FuNDameNTally eXecUTe A dIFferEnt
kIND Of codE. THE tWo MajOR PlaTFOrMS Are: J2me anD BReW. BRew IS a
dISasTerFOR CoNsuMeRS AnD dEVeloPERs brEw Is "BinArY RUNtimE enVIroNMent FOr
wirelESs", a pROPriETARy plATform DEVeLopEd BY QUAlComM. to LearN MorE aBOuT
breW, vISIt theiR wWw SIte: HtTp://WwW.QUaLCOMm.CoM/BrEw THE bREw VerSION of
THe aRm comPILeR reQUIred tO dEveloP CODe For YOuR oWN PHOne COsTS $1,500. nO
APpLICatIon (EveN thOse YoU doWnLoAd youRSelF viA A DatA cablE) CaN survIVe On
Your PHoNE FOR MOrE ThAN ThRee MonThS, AT whICH TimE yOu NEED A neW "SIgNaTUre"
FRoM quALCoMm. if You aRE dEVEloPInG AN AppLicatIoN fOr a bRew pHoNe, YoU MUsT
sUbMit aLL SOurcE CODe, oRIginaL AnD cOmPIled ArT ASseTS, aNd DocumENtATiOn To
QuAlcoMm JUST To gEt a "sIGNaTurE". oNcE you devEloP an APpLiCaTiON OR EvEn
sIMpLe REsOuRcES LIkE "DesktoP WalLpApER" OR "rInGEr TuNes", YOu neEd a CLoSEd
teChNoLoGY CaLlEd "GEt iT NOw" (A sERvice Of QUaLCoMM, Not tHe cArRieR) FOr
PEOplE To DoWnlOaD YOur CREatIOns (FOr a fee). aLL pHonEs WITh VErIzon
CoNTrAcTS use bREW. a PErsON wHO worKed At a coMPaNY thaT dOES BREw
DEvELOpMEnt tOLD me THAT the FaCT thAt bREW wAS A cLoSED PlaTfoRm (VeRy COStLy
to ACquIRE cOMPILER, veRY cOstlY to shArE YoUR CrEaTioNS wiTh OTHerS, HArD To
acquiRe TEMPOrary "SiGNatUres") ResulTs in hiGher QUaLITY proDuCts iN tHE
marKeT. bUt FoR THE CONsuMeR the siTUaTIoN is aCtUaLlY veRY BAD, sInCE This
ClOSed sYStEm PreTTY muCH GUarANTEeS THAT AnYTHINg you cAN pOssIblY DOWNLoaD is
GoING tO CoST MONey! eVeN IF i WANteD to gIve aWay mY COoL RiNGeR souNDs or
dESkTOp wAlLpapEr, i tHiNK i'D neeD an eLabORaTe PaRtNERshiP wiTH quALCOmm Just
to LEt YOU DOWNlOad my CrEaTIOnS VIA "get iT now". bREw DEsTRoyS thE ValUe of
AN OTHErwise ADvaNCed PhOnE (e.g., mOTOrOlA t720). When I PuRchaSEd the Phone
i had dREAMS oF UplOadiNg cooL PiCTuRes for MY DEsKtoP, AnD plAyiNg SOUND clIPs
fROM MOvIes And viDEo GamES WhEnEvER The phoNE "RIngs". WOULdn'T it Be cool tO
Have your PhOnE DO A rEn & stimPy vOIcE ("yOU EEE-diOT!") OR mS. cLeo ("OH MY
gOOdNEss!"), or aNY sAmplE you COUld FIND? wELl, UNLeSS yOu're wiLlinG TO PAY
A third PartY SOmE MONey, you cAN't do aNY of tHiS WiTh a BrEw-BasEd PhONe. i
RetUrNed mY phONe and cAncelLed MY cONTRACT (withIn 15-daY TRIaL PERIOD) to geT
THe ExAcT same PHoNe (moTOrOla T720) wITh A CaRrieR thAT CHOSe j2mE For THEIR
phOnEs (e.G., aT&t). j2Me IS GreAt FOr cONSumersanD dEveLoPeRs J2mE IS "jAvA 2
PLATfoRM, miCRO EDitIoN", A "hIGhLY oPtIMIzED" JAVA RUnTiME eNVIronMENt. tO
Learn MORE AboUt j2mE, VIsIt SuN's WWw siTE: HttP://JaVA.Sun.Com/j2mE chanCEs
ArE thAt You havE alrEadY donE soMe JAVA pRograMMING IN yoUR LiFe! I WaS vERy
suRpRiSEd To LeArN tHat j2Me REalLY DoeS have A LoT Of Java funCTiONAlItY! YoU
CAN creaTe THrEAdS, soCKETS, ETC, verY easILY. yOu Can diStrIBuTE thE
HAVE deVeLopeD COde fOR JaVa. i'M Sure THEre ARe lotS oF DIsCUSSIOn FOruMs fOr
J2ME. (coNtrAsT alL Of ThIs WiTH THe BReW sITuATioN!) iN fIFTEEN mInUtES Of
Www SurfiNG i FOUNd ToNs OF cOoL appLIcations, imAGEs, and sOUND EFfects foR
tHE MOtorola t720 J2ME VErsIon ALl frEe. PeOPle WrOTe sOME crazy aPpLIcatIOns
foR tHEir PHOneS, lIKE wWW sErVERS aNd DATaBASES! I'm TOlD ThaT ThE gAminG or
MuLTipLAyer EXpeRIeNCE WOn't bE reAL-tIme foR YEARS (SinCe PhoNEs doN't
RecOGnize mULTIplE SimUltANeOUs ButTon PrEssInG, aNd tHERE's A lOt of LatENcy
in nETwORK tRAffIC), BUt I Am VeRY excIted By BeiNG abLe tO TAke fUlL AdVantagE
Of tHe MuLtIMEdia aSPeCTS oF MY PrOpERTy (pHOnE) WITHout HaviNG THiRD PaRtIEs
(quAlComM, veRIzON, mIcRoSoft msn) INvADIng MY PrivAcy and exTORTINg MOnEY fROm
mE wheN tHey MADe nO coNtribUTIOn To My pRoDuCt. GeNeRal suMMarY oF PLaTfORMs
WHEn I Learned ThAt i COuldn't eVEn sEt My "DesktoP WAllpAPeR" On MY neW
mOtoROLa T720 PHone wiThout PAYing verIzon / QUaLcOMm, anD UPLoADing my
personAL IMagES tO A StRaNGeR's seRVer, I was stUNNED And dePrESsED. I
wONdeREd HOw "tHe Man" WaS aBle To GEt ThIs FAR IN A FReE mARKET. NOW I kNOW,
frOM EXPERIeNCe, ThAT it'S jUst THe iGNOraNce oF tHE consUmEr; i just WaSn't
AWarE How rADICalLY DIFfeRENT THE pHOne eXperIEnce COUld Be, juST bAseD On
pArtNeRSHiP DECIsIONS oF tHe carRIeR. bUSInEsS AnD devElOpmeNT moDELS likE
Brew / "geT iT noW", aNd infOrmATION GATHerINg StrATeGiES likE ".net PASSport",
"rEal one PlAYer", "mICRoSOFt WINDoWS MEDIa pLAyer", EtC, hAVe GREaTLy hELd
BAcK tHE ProMiSE of tecHNoLOGy bY sEttInG up BArrieRS anD TelLinG ThE COnsumER
(by actIoNS, noT By pRoMIseS tO the coNTRaRy) ThAT hiS OR HER PrIvACY has NO
valUE WhaTSOEveR. hOw CaN evEn thE mOST fORgIviNG PErsoNality AvoID BEcomInG
cYNICAL wheN gIanT CoRPOratIOns, whICh CoulD cOmFORTABLy GrOW wiTHOuT UpLoaDInG
eVeRy CD TRACk tItlE and WWw SItE uRL THAT YOU VisIt, do IT ANYwAy jusT tO
deRivE marGInaLLY mORE CASH fRom yOU? I HopE DEVeloPerS wiLL noT GET suckEred
iN tO THe BrEw PaRAdIGm. aNd, UlTIMATeLY, I THINK cOnSuMeRS WiLL dISCOVEr aND
CHOosE the oPeN pARADiGm (e.g., j2me). iT MAy Be true THAT bREw / "Get it NOW"
Is sUfficieNtly ClosED To TuRN MoRE dOWnlOads IN To CAsh fOR tHE dEVeLopeR bUT
THe ClOSED NATurE May bE The eXaCT reaSon THe eNtirE mArKEt shIfts tO sOmETHING
LIkE J2me. aLsO, A sMall J2Me developEr Can gEt 100% Of ThE PUrcHaSE PrICe OF
AnY itEM, anD devELoPEMEnT TooLs aRE FRee. DevelopINg ThE APpLIcaTIOn I
ConSULTED the RefErEncEs lIstEd AT THe END of thiS SECTion. i DESCRiBe THe
sTEPS I folLOweD herE, BuT YOU MAY WaNT tO rEad tHe RefereNCEs afTer rEADiNg
The DETAIls of my PaRTicuLAR EXPeriEnCE. REQuiRed dOWnloADS: (1) YOu NeEd JDk
1.2 Or LaTER:
THiS Means you nEED THe cONvENtioNAl JAVa 2 sdk from sUN. I DoWNlOADeD
AnD useD VeRsION 1.4 Via the follOWing LiNk:
HTtP://jAVA.Sun.Com/J2Se/1.4/dOWnlOAd.HtmL
herE'S wHAt THe dOWnLoad Web PAgE LoOKS lIke:
(2) YoU NeED THe CoNnecTeD lImITed DeVIcE cOnfIGuRATiOn (CLDC):
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I Won't PReteND tO know whAT tHiS IS, but I sIMpLy DOwnlOADEd it fRoM tHE
sUN weB sItE. oNly 1.0.3 WAs AvaiLAble aT the tImE I vISITEd. IN
OrdER TO DOWNLoad tHIS, I nEeDed tO REgISTER WItH sUN weB sitE. i crEaTed
The FolLoWinG pRofile: usErnAmE: ANONaNon pAssWOrD: NoplEAsE fAVOriTe
Color: BlUE full naMe: PrOf. aNon NOpleAsE (Note: I'm NOt goiNg tO teLl
yOu EvERYThinG!) I DOWnlOADeD tHe FOLlOWIng FiLe:
J2me_cldC-1_0_3-FcS-SRc-b17-wiNuNIX-14_Sep_2001.Z
fOLlowiNg DIRecTORy:
C:\j2mE i rEnameD THe "cLdC-1_0_3-FcS" dIrectOry To sIMPly:
Cldc (I.e., fulL PATh Is c:\j2me\cLDC) (3) you nEeD THe Mobile
infoRMaTion DeVIcE pROFILe (mIdP):
i wOn'T PreteND tO Know whaT ThiS IS eIthEr, but I siMpLy dOWnlOADED it
fROM The sUn web siTE.
i DOWNlOaDeD THe followING File:
J2Me_mIdp-1_0_3-fcS-sRC-B26-WIN-19_SEP_2001.zip i uNziPPEd tO the
fOLLoWIng DirECToRy: C:\J2Me i rEnamEd ThE "mIdP-1_0_3-fcS" DiRECtORy to
sIMPlY: MIDP (i.E., fULL PaTH IS C:\J2me\MiDp) ReqUIRed seT-up: ADD
the FOlloWing lINes tO You aUToeXec.BAt file: reM JaVA SUPPOrt SET
mIDP_homEc:\J2me\mIDp SEt PAtH%pAth%;c:\J2sdK1.4.0_03\Bin;
PAtHc:\WiNDowS;C:\WIndOws\comMAnd;C:\j2SDK1.4.0_0
then fOrCE tHeSE VARiAbLes To be ReLoaDED By rUNNIng THE BAtCh FilE: c:\>
AUToexEc.BAT you CAn aLSO SEt up thESE same VARiABLEs UsING THE WINdOWS
ENVIRoNment vARIabLE CONtroL PAnel, BUT DOn'T asK mE hoW! NOtiCE tHaT i
juSt haRd-cOdEd tHe PAtH TO MY jAVa 2 sdK versION. IF I upGRADe, i'M
SCrEwEd, In sO fAr As I haVE tO mODIFY autoexEc.baT ANyWay. tRy uSIng the
Java 2 sdK BinARIEs: once tHe SETtinGs aBove takE EFfECT, YoU ShOULd Be
ABle To RuN the jAVa utILitIEs FROM ThE COMmaNd LiNE WIThOuT SPEcifYing
tHE cOMPleTE pATH to tHe exeCuTablES. trY ruNNinG thE PHone EMUlaToR:
C:\> MiDp herE is WhAt i sAw:
tYpE iN a simplE program: usIng aNy TeXT eDiTOR, YOU Can tYPe iN coDE, likE
tHis "helLOMiDleT.JAva" soUrce fILe: HEre iT iS aGAiN, In plAin tEXt FORM SO
yOu CaN cUt AND PasTE: fILE: helLoMidLEt.JAVA (FIlE BoDy is bETwEEn DASHED
lINEs)
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IMpoRT JAVAX.MIcroedition.MIdLeT.; iMpORT javax.micrOEditiOn.lCdui.; PubLiC
ClASS HEllomiDLet ExTendS MIDleT ImpLEMEntS coMMANdLISTEnEr { PrivATe COmmAND
exiTCOMmAnD; PRiVAtE DIsPLAY DiSPlAY; PriVATe TEXtBoX t NULL; PuBliC
hELlomidLet() { DiSPLAY dISplAy.GEtDiSpLAy(thiS); EXItcOMManD nEw
CoMmAnd("exit", ComManD.EXIT, 2); t nEW TExtbOx("HELLo midlEt", "TEsT STRinG",
256, 0); T.aDDCoMmanD(EXiTcoMMAnD); t.SetcOMmANdliSTENER(THiS); }
PuBliC VOiD sTARtApp() { disPlAY.SeTCURrenT(T); } pUblIc Void PAUSEApp() { }
pUBlIC VoId DestRoYapP(bOOlEaN uncONdiTiOnAL) { } PUblIC vOID
cOmMAndACtIOn(cOMMAnD c, DISpLAyABLE S) { if (C exiTCommaNd) {
DEstRoyapp(FALse); NoTIFydESTROYeD(); } } }
-
comPilE
CAuTION: the follOWing cOMMAnd mUST BE on A sInGLe lINe, BUt haS been
EXpandED to SeveRAL LiNeS for CLariTY.
C:\hElLOmIDLet> javac -targEt 1.1 -D
heLloMiDlET.jaVA
noTE: THe "-taRGEt 1.1" Is neCEsSAry to avOid An eRRor IN thE fUtuRE
"PREvERiFY" STage. apparEnTlY THIS Has SOmeTHiNG to Do WiTh a PrOBLEM WIth
miDP 1.0.3 SUPpOrT In jdk 1.4.
PreVerify to GENErATe new
c:\J2ME\MidP\CLasseS;. HELLOmIDlET thIS GeNerAteS a new
Sub-DIrEctORY CALLed "ouTPut" (By defaUlt). tEST OUt The NeW
c:\HelLOmIDLET> MIdP -claSSpATH C:\j2mE\MIDP\ClASSeS;.\OUTPUt HeLloMIdleT THis
LOoKs to the new "OUTPuT" dirECTorY fOR thE NeCeSsaRy
THe apPLICAtioN iN A PhoNe emuLAtOr. HeRe IS whAT I saW:
crEate A nEw Text FILE "MaNifEst.MF" anD eDit: a ManIFEsT file is esSentIAL TO
geTtInG An acTUaL cElL pHonE to coMpREhEND YoUr
a pRopeR maNIfest FIlE INCluDEd In your
YoUR
"UNSUpportEd cOnTEnt typE". here IS A ManIFEst File tHAt I cReaTEd: HerE IS
tHat mANIFEst fIle IN PLaiN TeXT fOrm, FOR cOnVENiEnt cUT-ANd-PaStE Use: filE:
maNiFeST.mf (file bOdY Is BEtweEN DAsheD LiNES)
-
midLeT-1: My_desCrIPTion,, HEllomidlET midlet-nAme: my_midLET_SuITe
mIDLEt-VenDoR: COlIn fAhEY, INc. MIdLeT-verSiOn: 1.0
MiCrOediTIOn-cONfiGuraTION: CLdC-1.0 MicroedItION-PRofiLe: miDp-1.0
-
NoTICE ThaT tHe CLDC aNd MIdp VErSIONS are SPeCiFied In thIS filE. PUT THE
MANiFEst And ThE
creATes a
iN ThE SpecifIeD pAtH. C:\hEllomIDlet> JAR cfM hi.JAr maniFest.mf -c
NeceSsaRy sO ThaT tHe ceLl PHoNe caN deSCrIBe YouR appLiCAtIoN tO ThE uSeR
BEfoRe DOwNlOAdInG. tHe
itself, iF thAT's aNY uSe to yOu. figure: aN examPlE
cut-and-PaSte THE BoDy: FIlE: hi.JaD (FILe bOdy iS bEtweEN daSHED lINEs)
-
MIdLet-1: mY_dEScRIPTiOn,, helLOmIdlET midlET-jAr-SiZE: 1283 mIdLeT-jar-UrL:
HTtP://wwW.COLInfAHEy.CoM/HI.jaR mIdLEt-NAmE: MY_MIDleT_suItE MiDlet-vendOR:
coliN fAheY, InC. MidleT-verSIon: 1.0
-
TESt THe
fOUnD in thE
-cLASSpAtH C:\j2mE\MIdp\clAsses;.\hi.jAr -DEsCRIPtor HI.JAd reFeRENcES FOR
J2me, MIDP, ClDC dEVelOPmEnT:
http://wIReleSS.JaVA.Sun.COm/miDp/a
HTTP://WIRELeSs.jaVa.sUn.cOM/mIDp/ARTIcleS/SET
MAke sure tHe WWW sERVEr KNOws JAr/JAd mIme tyPEs: iF yOU hAVE an ApachE Web
servEr, YoU NEED tO creaTE AN ".HTACCess" FILE FOR YOuR weB paGE RoOt
direCtory. tHIs file alLows You tO oVErRIde The APAcHE conFIgURaTioN, SUch aS
AdDiNG oR oVeRriDINg mime TyPeS. YOu mUST ADD tHe JAR and jad TYpES, As ShOWn
in tHE folLOWiNg TEXT filE: FiGure: mY CUSTOM ".HTACCEss" FIle For The APACHe
WwW Server. (Note: UNdeR WInDoWS tHIs file wAs CALLEd ".htaCCESs.tXT" FoR
eDiTINg pURPoseS, but yoU muSt CHaNgE THE NAme tO juSt ".htaccesS" oNCE ThE
fILE is tranSFeRRED to the WwW seRVeR.) aPParENTLy, crEATInG oR mOdIFYing THis
FilE RESuLTS In An IMmeDiate cHANGe of seRveR BeHavIoR. i guesS THE SErver
cHEcKS if the ".htaCCeSs" fILe moDIFIcATiON date ANd tiMe hAs CHaNgEd BEFore
PRocESSing EaCH TrAnsaCtiON. iF you haVE ANoThER Kind oF WEB sERVer, yOU must
DetErmiNe hOW TO SPECiFy Mime types anD mAke SUrE jaR AnD jaD aRe spEcIfIED
just as THeY ARE aBOVe. oPTiOnalLY prOvidE LINKS tO yOUR
MOtOROla t720 J2Me PhoNe With AT&t, i am aBLe To TyPE in tHe URL Of tHe
fiLe DiRECtLy, and THe apPlIcation dOWnloADs aNd INSTAlls. ThIS mAy HoLD for
OTHEr PHoNes aND caRRieRS. buT yoU mAy WAnt tO Have LInKs TO tHe
YoUR html Or Wml (wAP) PAGEs: fIGuRe: a sImPlE html PAge witH a lInk TO THe
dOWnlOaDiNg ApPlIcaTiOn "over tHe aIR" (OTa) thE fOLLOwinG imAges ShOW the
eXAcT seqUENCe i TOok tO DOWNlOAd aNd ExeCUTE The MIdleT DEvElOPED aND dePloyed
as DEScribeD In the PrEVioUS SectIons AbovE. i toOk DIGITAl photO'S oF my cELL
PhONe aS I NAVIGATed menus.
[1] deSkToP: whEN YOU OpEN the PhoNe YoU seE THe "DESkTop". pRess thE CENTer
keY TO go tO thE mAIn MEnU. [2] mAin MENU: MOvE dowN To tHe Item "WEBAcCESs".
[3] weBacceSS: mOVe DoWN TO THe item "Go To UrL".
[4] entEr URl: tyPE IN the Url oF YOUR
pAgE.) [5] dETaIls: thiS INfOrMATIoN wAs pARSEd FroM ThE
downlD TO DOWnload ThE
mesSAGE TO gO aWay.
[7] insTallING: siMply Wait FOR thiS message to go AwAY. [8] XxxX
BYTEs tRaNSferreD: SIMPly wait fOR tHiS MEsSAgE tO gO AwAY. [9] iNsTAlled:
sIMPLY WaiT foR this MessaGE To go awAy. WhEN You appeAr bacK IN THE wEBACcess
MENU, Just exIT ALl thE WAy BaCk to THE DeskTop sCREeN.
[10] dESkTOP: whEn YoU oPEn tHE PhONe yoU SEE thE "deSktoP". aCCeSs "gaMEs &
APPS" (MAin mENU or icon). [11] java pOwered: WaiT For this splasH sCreEN to
gO awaY. [12] gaMES & aPPs: MoVE TO HiGhligHt yOuR nEW APpLICatioN! (Yay!)
[13] SuccESSFul exeCuTIOn of MIDLEt. (coMPARE tHe aPpEARAnCe OF this MIDLeT on
THE CEll pHOnE WiTh the "mIDp" pHOnE EMuLatOr appEaRAnce SHOwn EaRlIeR. It
LooKs vERY sIMiLAr.) rEFErENcEs AnD REsouRces [a] mOtoROla J2Me. 3.0 sdK
MotOrolA HAs An SdK that incLuDeS An eMULAtOR CApabLE Of EmUlaTiNg many
mOtoroLa PHoNes, InCludIng the T720. You can Get tHIs sdK fOr free, AnD yOU dO
NOt NEeD CoDeWARrior TO use the PHOne eMULator InClUded WIth THe sDK, DESPitE
all tHE mEnTIoN oF cODewarrioR on THE MOTorolA weB SiTe. aLso, in GENErAl I
thINk YoU can GET by WITHout cOdEWArRiOR OR mOtoROla'S Sdk EvEN if yOU ArE
dOinG PrOfESsIOnAl dEVelOPmEnt fOR The t720 but DON'T sUe mE iF i'M wROnG!
NoTE: you MUST reGistER with MOtOroLa TO Even lEArn aBOUT tHEIr j2me sdk, lEt
ALoNe dOWNloAD iT. Here'S A qUOTe FroM motoRoLA'S weB SITe RegArdINg THeIR
sdK:
-
thE MotoROLa softwArE DevELOpMENt kIT (sdK) for tHE J2mE. plATFoRm is A TOoL
UsED foR dEVeLOPIng anD testiNg progRamS wRIttEN in tHE jAVA PRoGRAMMinG
LAnGuaGe. THe SdK iNcLUdES aPpLicAtIoNs thaT makE IT eASY to LAunCh miDLETS
(j2Me. pROGRAMs) USiNG thE MotOROLA j2mE. DeVIce emulatOR. togetHER THESe
TOOLs aLlOW YoU tO DeveloP aND debUG yOuR j2mE. ProGRAms in emulAtIOn beforE
dOWNLoADinG Them tO a tARget devICE. tHE motOrOla SDK can Be iNtEGRaTeD InTO
MeTrowErks' codEwArrIOr. WIRelEsS sTuDio, prOfeSsIonAL edItion, vERSioN 7.
ThIS VersioN of THE sDk inClUDEs nUMeROuS eNHaNcEmeNtS foR PErforMAnce aNd
STABIlity. aLL Of The fuNCtiOnalitY of the pRevIoUS VeRSion iS suPpORTeD, wITh
thEse new feAtUrEs: neW hANDseTs SUppOrTed By this VErSioN: A830 new
fuNctIoNality SuppoRTEd bY this VErSiON: a830 - gAMing aPi, SERiAl pORT
cOnnECtiviTy, hTTPS prOtocol sUPporT. ALl DEVIces - IMpROved GRaPHicS
PerfORmANCe tHE SDk SuppoRTs tHe fOlLOwiNg devICes: mOTOrOla aCCoMpLi (008/6288
aND 388). motorOlA t280I motOROLA T720 mOToRola V60i MOToRolA v66I MoTorola
IdeN i1000 mOToRolA Iden PlATFOrm MoTorOLa staRTAc. MotORoLa i85s For DOwNloAd
cLiCK hErE: mOTOROla J2Me. 3.0 sdK [B] RanDoM FoRum PosTiNG: thE Jad ANd jaR
fiLeS Are The OnlY FIlES nEEdeD to Run AN aPPlicatION on A PhonE aND, DEPENDiNG
ON THe pHOne aND tHE MeTHoD you are tRaNsFErRiNG The app to ThE pHonE, yOU May
Only Need ThE jAR. IF THe apPlICaTIons arE TO bE SENT OVER tHe aiR (OtA), i.e.
vIA A web urL, YOU wiLl Need TO CreaTe A Link on A PagE READAble bY THE phOne
(e.g. wML, chtml, chTMl) TO THe jAd FIlE. FOr ota doWNlOADS yOU WIll also Need
TO seT UP yOur WEB sErvER tO hAndlE JaR And Jad fILE tYPeS. in aPAcHe YOU need
TO Add the fOlLowiNG LInES To thE HTtPD.Conf fiLE: AddtYPE
TEXT/VnD.sUN.J2Me.APp-dEsCriptor JAd adDtypE aPplicAtion/jAvA-arcHive Jar ALSO,
you WilL NeEd to mAkE SuRe thAT tHe UrL FoR THe JaR FILE IS THE url For thE Jar
FIlE ON thE seRveR, not tHE lOcal UrL iF on thE OTHer HAND you wanT to TranSFer
VIa Ir, bLUetOoth Or A cAbLe you juSt nEED To tRaNSFER THe Files tO ThE phonE,
inSTALL And RUN. tHE jad FilE Is GeNeRAlLy uSeD sPecIfICaLly TO pROViDe tHE
PhONe INFoRMAtion nEEDED fOr oTA downloads and aS sUch, the NOkia 7650 aND soME
OTHer mODElS YOU oNlY nEEd to tRaNSFeR tHe jar FILE FoR noN-OTa tRAnsFErS. [c]
HtTP://wiREleSS.java.SUN.Com/miDp/QuesTIONs/
segmeNTaTion ANd REAssEMBlY. It's An OpTiOnAl FEatUre of THe WIRELESs
TRaNsAcTION PROtOCol (WTP) WItHIn Wap. sar defINEs A MetHOD FOR a WAp GAtEwaY
TO BReaK a LArGe MEssAGe (a JAR FilE YOu're DOwNlOadinG, fOR iNStAnCE) IntO
SMAll cHunKS (The segMEnTAtiOn) And fOR ThE phOnE TO PiecE iT baCk ToGeTHer
(THE REASSEmbLy). nOt aLl PHONES UsE Sar, bUt MOSt WiLL acceSS wEB serVerS
ThROugh a Wap gatEWAy. nOKiA USeS sAR, whIlE MotoROlA Uses fEaTures Of httP 1.1
TO ReTriEve sMAll CHUNKS oF a FIle ONe at a Time aNd THeN rEaSsEMbLe iT. one
pROBLEM THAt arISeS WIth WaP GaTewayS CONCeRNs MiME Types rETuRNEd by the WEB
SerVER. iF a USeR REQueSTS A JAd Or JAR File AnD ThE seRVEr REturNs tHe WRoNG
miME tYpe, THE gAtEWAY anD sUbSeQuENtLY THE PHONE wiLl HaNdLe The TRAnsfER
INCOrRECtlY. tO ensure prOPeR dOwnLOading OF MIdlEtS, Use THe foLLOWING MIME
TyPES: TeXT/Vnd.sUN.j2ME.App-descRIptOR jAd aPpliCATIOn/jAva-aRcHIVe
Jar [D] RanDom foruM POstinG: YOU HAVe TO hAvE CoRrEct MImE sETtinGs on thE
SERVeR ThaT stoRes
To YouR dEVice. plEasE KEEP iN mInd THat:
- thIs proCESs is rAThER DeVice SpeCIFIc (NOT NeCeSSaRIlY USIng wa pRotocol)
- yOu'd betTer haVe ABsOlUte PAThs tO
http://www.FoOSErveR.cOM/RePoSITory/JoeDoeaPp.JaD
at LEasT IN The sIeMENS DEVicES, yoU HAvE A SPECIfiC CONFiGUratioN FOr JAvA,
wHICh iS dIffeREnt FroM ThaT oF waP aND gPrs. yOu mAY naVIGATE ThROuGh WAp,
bUt WHeN a MIdLEt iS FOUnd, A DiFfEREnt sETUp Is aUTOMaTicaLLy CHANGEd To
aCcOmpLisH THE dowNlOaD. In the m50 HaNdy, You HAVE To SET THE jAva ProFILEs
acCORdiNG TO thE PARAmeTErs Of yOUr pRoVIDER; iN thE c55 HANDY, tHe SaMe seT
is cALLED "HTtp PROfIle" ANd it IS uSed ALsO FOR other Kinds oF dOWNLOAd
(e.G., HTTP conneCTioNs in thE MIdlEt). [f] mISc. iNtEREstInG lINK On
ADVAnced miDLEt sIgnINg stuFF: HTTp://WIreLESsSOFtware.INfO/MiDp_2.0/
JaVAx/mICrOeDitioN/MIdleT/dOC-FIlES/PkiapPENdIx.H
pROGrAMMiNg iNTRODUctIOn: hTTp://WiReLeSS.jaVA.sUN.COm/mIDP/ArTiCLeS/getsta
[H] hTTP://wiREleSs.jaVa.SuN.CoM/Midp/ARtIClES/DEPloy
wireless aPPLiCAtIonS RemotELy: UpLoAD yoUR aPPLICATIon FILes (JaD AnD JaR)
To a REmOte wEB serVER. IF YOuR PrOjECt is nAMed GAMEs, FOr insTAnCE, UpLOAd
tHE fiLEs: Games.Jad aNd GaMeS.jAr frOM thE bIn DIrEcTOry OF yOUR Project
home (fOR ExAMplE,
ThE same dIReCtOrY oN THe SErVeR. ReConfiGuRE THE Web SeRveR So THaT iT
rEcoGnizes jAD anD jAr FileS: FOR thE jad fiLe tyPE, SEt The FIle EXtENSiON
tO
File TyPE, SEt ThE file ExTensioN To
apPlIcatIOn/JAVa-arChive. HoW yOU cONfigure tHe WeB seRVER dEPENDs on WHIch
OnE yOu'Re UsiNg. For ExaMple, if yOU'rE uSINg TOmcaT, MaKE SuRE YOUr weB.XMl
filE iNClUDEs thE foLLoWInG lInes: JaD Text/vNd.SUN.J2me.apP-descRIPTOR JaR
apPLICAtiOn/JAva-aRcHive CHAnGe YoUr jad fiLe's miDLET-JAR-URL PropERtY TO
SPeCiFY ThE URL of yoUR jar FIlE. FOr ExAMpLE, In THe CopY Of gAmeS.jAD you
UPlOAdEd tO THE SerVeR, cHaNge... mIdlET-jar-url: gAmEs.Jar
midLET-jar-uRL: HTtP://YOURWebsErVeRADdreSs:poRT/pAtHTO/gamEs.jAR [I] RAnDoM
LiNks: HtTP://WWW.microjaVa.coM/ARtiCles/tEChtalk/mIdP?p
HtTP://WWw.cOrEj2ME.com/devElopERReSoUrCEs/sOUrCe
coNCLUSiON don't contact me WIth QUESTIOns aBoUT cell PhONe dEveLopmeNT,
beCAuSe I dON't know anYTHIng mOre tHan whaT I PResEntED hERe! i juST DID
aLl of This foR bRIEf RECreatION. I Have ABSOlUTELY No exPERiENce In ThIs
Field. i hope tHiS prEsENtATIOn PROMOtEs j2mE phoNeS aNd SPREAds ThE word
ABOuT HOW brEW Is A ReAL DisasTer FOr deveLOPERs AND COnSUmERS. peOPLe WHo
sABotAGe ThE pROmiSE OF THE fUtUrE, aND ReTard PrOGrESs aNd the aDVAncEMeNt
OF the QualitY OF lIfE, By ProMoTING bACKwArDS PRoPRIEtARY teChNOlogy OR bY
FindIng OthEr WAYs TO cREAtE mORe BaRRIerS To USinG OtHeRwiSE VErY BasIC
stAndards, aRE a CURsE TO HUmaNITy. iF You woRK fOr A cOmPAnY tHat ReLIeS On
sECReTS, partNershipS, And monOPOliZIng diStRIbUTioN, iNStEAd Of relyiNg on
cOOPeRATion, ContiNuoUs InnOvatION, ANd expaNDInG parTICIPATiOn, THEN REFLECT
On hOW thIS jUsT drAgS us alL doWn. you CaN mAKe a DifFerENce AT ANy leVEL.
- cOlIn p. FaHEY CPFahEy@EARTHliNK.neT
the chair!
7.14. 'ET' Command
This command causes the screen to be refreshed.
7.14.1. With No Arguments
This is the only legal form of the command. This command is not normally required during most interactive editing, since the screen is automatically refreshed at the end of each keystroke anyway. However, during iterations and macro executions, many commands are executed, but the screen is only refreshed after all the commands are complete. By inserting the ET command into an iteration or macro, the user can see the state of the file as the commands execute.
For example, if the user typed the following command:
$$
all occurrences of string1 would be replaced with string2. However, the user would normally see only the first replacement occur. Then, as he closed the iteration and typed two escapes, the iteration would run to completion before the screen would be updated. This is often the desirable behavior. The user gets to see the first time through the iteration, giving him a chance to be sure that things are working the way he wants, then the editor continues the iteration as fast as possible, until it is complete. Suppose, however, that the user is worried that some unintended strings might get mistakenly replaced by this command. Rather than have to issue one FS command after another, he could just issue:
$$
This would cause the screen to be repainted each time a string is replaced, giving him a chance to see each string replacement occur.
7.14.2. With One Argument
Illegal.
7.14.3. With Two Arguments
Illegal.
7.15. 'EV' Command
The EV command is used to select an edit buffer for editing. It is identical to the EB command, except that if a new edit buffer is created, it is created readonly. Readonly edit buffers are flagged by the word READONLY on the status line. Edit buffers created this way cannot be written out. There are two forms of the command:
7.15.1. With No Arguments
This form of the command takes one string argument which is the name of the disk file to be viewed. A readonly edit buffer is created with the same name as the disk file, and this edit buffer becomes the current edit buffer. If the edit buffer already exists when the command is issued, Video TECO simply makes it the current edit buffer without having any effect on it's readonly status.
EVfilename.ext$
Edit buffers created in this manner are numbered with sequential positive integers.
7.15.2. With One Argument
If the EV command is specified with one argument, it is an immediate execute command to switch to a pre-existing edit buffer. An error occurs if the argument specifies a non-existent edit buffer.
Edit buffers with positive numbers contains user files. Edit buffers with negative numbers are TECO Q-registers. Edit buffer zero is a special buffer which lists all the current edit buffers.
Since this form of the command requires that the buffer already exist, it will not create a readonly buffer. Thus this form of the command is identical to this form of the EB command in every respect.
7.15.3. With Two Arguments
Illegal.
7.16. 'EW' Command
This command is used to the write the current contents of an edit buffer to the disk. The command is not immediate execute, so it requires two escapes to be issued before it will execute.
7.16.1. With No Arguments
This is the only legal form of the command. The command expects a trailing string argument to be specified. If the string is null, the file which is written is written to the same name as that of the edit buffer. Otherwise, the string specifies the name of the file to be written:
EWfilename.ext$$
This command clears the modified status of an edit buffer.
7.16.2. With One Argument
Illegal.
7.16.3. With Two Arguments
Illegal.
The principle of capitalism is the idea that people manage to make money by
producing things and thereby are encouraged to do what is useful,
automatically, so to speak. But that doesn't work when it comes to owning
knowledge. They are encouraged to do not really what's useful, and what
really is useful is not encouraged. I think it is important to say that
information is different from material objects like cars and loaves of
bread because people can copy it and share it on their own and, if nobody
attempts to stop them, they can change it and make it better for
themselves. That is a useful thing for people to do. This isn't true of
loaves of bread. If you have one loaf of bread and you want another, you
can't just put your loaf of bread into a bread copier. you can't make
another one except by going through all the steps that were used to make
the first one. It therefore is irrelevant whether people are permitted to
copy it--it's impossible.
Books were printed only on printing presses until recently. It was
possible to make a copy yourself by hand, but it wasn't practical because
it took so much more work than using a printing press. And it produced
something so much less attractive that, for all intents and purposes, you
could act as if it were impossible to make books except by mass producing
them. And therefore copyright didn't really take any freedom away from the
reading public. There wasn't anything that a book purchaser could do that
was forbidden by copyright.
But this isn't true for computer programs. It's also not true for tape
cassettes. It's partly false now for books, but it is still true that for
most books it is more expensive and certainly a lot more work to Xerox them
than to buy a copy, and the result is still less attractive. Right now we
are in a period where the situation that made copyright harmless and
acceptable is changing to a situation where copyright will become
destructive and intolerable. So the people who are slandered as "pirates"
are in fact the people who are trying to do something useful that they have
been forbidden to do. The copyright laws are entirely designed to help
people take complete control over the use of some information for their own
good. But they aren't designed to help people who want to make sure that
the information is accessible to the public and stop others from depriving
the public. I think that the law should recognize a class of works that are
owned by the public, which is different from public domain in the same
sense that a public park is different from something found in a garbage
can. It's not there for anybody to take away, it's there for everyone to
use but for no one to impede. Anybody in the public who finds himself being
deprived of the derivative work of something owned by the public should be
able to sue about it.
TONY StanCo, host oF THe MOST ReceNT EGovOs MeeTinG is PUtTinG togETHeR aNYone. I'VE InCLuDED tHe SalIENt iNFORmATIon bE
LOw - bUt oNE ThiNg of NOTe Is tHaT iT'S GOING tO Be aN oPPortUnITY foR oPeN souRCe vENDors to hOOk UP WITh thE GOveRnME
nT. in oTHEr conFerENcE NEwS, I'VE Got MY pLANE tICKet fOr CALU - WOOhOO!
ThE ceNtER FOr OPeN sourCE in GovERnmeNT [WwW.egoVOs.OrG], alONg WiTH The CYbEr SECUrItY pOliCy AnD ResEaRCh InSTiTUTE (
cSpRI) oF THe GEORGe WAShInGtON unIvERsITY ANd oTHERS, iS pRoUd TO preSENt THeIR SECOnD oPEn SOURCe in gOVErnmENT CONFER
ence cALLeD "OpEN souRce foR NaTIOnaL and LOcal eGOvERnMEnt PROgRAms IN tHE u.s. ANd eu" TO BE Held In WaShInGton, dc, U
Sa, MarCh 17 - 19, 2003.
This CONfErenCe iS desigNed To DIscUSs besT prAcTiCES, RaIse awArEnEsS aNd share exPERIENCeS aMoNG PolIcy mAkERs ANd sen
ioR it OFfICiAlS FrOm tHe U.s. AND EurOPE. ThE COnFErEnCe wIll dRAW paRTICIpAntS FrOM LoCAl, natIOnAL ANd iNTErNatIONal
oRganizaTiONS FrOM ThE PUBLIC, pRIvate aNd acaDemiC sEctOrS.
wE sTROngly ENCourAgE OpeN sOUrce COmpanIeS To sUbmiT PRopOsals, SinCE goVerNMeNT oFFiCIAlS AT THe LAsT cONferENce WerE
paRticulaRlY inTEReStED IN THe opEn soURce COMPAnieS, ZOpE AnD DeVIS, bECAUsE tHEy ProVided ExaMPlES Of oPEn souRcE SOLu
tIonS ThAt THe GOvERnmenT CoUlD buy.
To FaCILiTAte tHe orGAniZaTiON Of TOpicS aND eVEnts AT THe coNfEReNCe, YOU ArE iNviteD TO sUBMIT sPeAKING And demONStrAT
iON proPOSALs.
SuggestED toPiCs InClUde, BuT arE NoT LImiTEd TO, thE FoLLOwing:
cItIzeN-CENtrIc EGOVeRNmEnT
OPeN sOUrce xmL sOlUTIonS
opEn sOurce And opEn STaNDards
oPeN sOUrCE aNd EnTERPRISe ArchiTectUrE
sTaTe / lOcAl gOvERnment UsiNg opEn SoURCE
ThE ROLe OF oPeN source iN gOVeRNMENt
dEMonstratIONs of open soUrCe Projects
OpeN SoUrCE AnD sEcURITy
OPEn soURcE aND tHE cRITICaL INFoRmaTion iNfRAstRuctuRe
NIAp/COmmON criTeRia EvaLUAtions And oPEn SoUrCE
oPen soUrCE IN The miLiTARy
OPen SOuRCe, Pki And staNdaRDS-bASEd AuThENTICaTION
open soUrce IN HIGher EDUCAtioN
oPEn Source iN Health cARe AND bIoINformaTicS
oPEN sOUrce IN TrAiniNG it comPuteR SCIenCe sTUDEnTs
bUsiNesS cASEs: opeN soUrce sOftwaRe and ToTal
cOST of oWneRsHiP
OPEn souRce EmpoWERInG PEoPle WitH dISAbilItIEs
oPEn SoUrce AND SecTIoN 508
OPEn SouRCe lICeNsEs and othER lEgaL ISSUes
dATeS to ReMEMber:
DeADLInE for SPeaKInG PRopOSALs: JAnuaRY 10, 2003
NoTIficATioN Of acCePtAnce: jAnuaRy 20, 2003
FINAl SUBmISSiOnS dUe: JANUArY 31, 2003
CONFereNce: MaRch 17-19, 2003
thE CoNferEnCe wEBsIte Can BE fOunD AT hTtp://wwW.EgOVoS.OrG.
"a real corporation like Andover.net"
Indeed.
seven stAtEs dRoppEd out of the aNTitrust LAWSuIt AGAInSt microsOFT cOrp., LEaViNg oNly MAssaChuSEtTS and PoSsIbly weSt VIRGInia tO apPeal a lANdmark SETTLEMEnt bETWEEn THE coMpUter soFTWARE GiaNT aND thE federal GOVernMENT.
MASSaChuSETTs on fRIDaY aPpEALeD A u.S. JUDgE's DecisIOn AccepTiNg THe seTtLEmeNT, WhiCh iTs atTORNEY GenerAL crITICIZed AS A "lOOPHOlE-fIlLeD DEaL" ThaT wON't AFfeCt The SOftwaRe Maker'S AggrEssIve pracTicEs.
"WE ARe prEparEd tO Go iT ALonE," MAsSaChUseTTs attORNEy gEnErAL toM REILLy sAid At a neWs cOnfeRenCe.
sEVen OTHeR stATEs plus the DiStRICT OF cOLuMbia PlAN NO Court actIOn, SAid Iowa'S ATTORney GEneRal, tOM miLlEr, whO HaS beEN cOoRdInATiNG tHe ANtItruST fIgHT SINce thE bush ADMInisTRaTIon negOTiAtED thE SetTlEmEnt LasT yEaR.
ofFiCIalS IN WEsT VirGiNiA inDicatEd they Will dECide MOnDaY wHeTheR To jOin ThE APpEal.
otHer sTAteS hAvE BEEN NEGOtIaTInG WITh miCrOSoft FoR wEeKS OVer REImBUrseMEnT Of AtTORneYs' fEEs, WHICh is REQUiRed UNder u.s. ANTItrUsT lAWS.
U.s. DiSTriCT judGE CollEEN kOllar-kotEllY earlIer ThIs MONth accepTEd nEArly all THE PRoviSiOns of the sEtTLeMEnt WITH mICrOsOFt.
in doING So, she RebufFEd ArgumeNTS BY NINe sTAtES aND ThE DiStRICt OF COlumBiA tHAt ToUghEr sanctiOns wErE eSsentiaL tO rEStorE COmpetItioN IN THE coMPuTEr INDUstry. ShE cONcLUDEd ThAt soMe pEnALTiES prOPosEd BY tHOSe sTATES wOuLd chiEfLY beNefiT thE COmPANy's RiVaLS.
"TheRe WAs NOtHInG IN THE DEaL wiTH JUSTICE ThAt WILL CHAnGE MIcrosoFT's BUsINeSs PrACTIces in any sUbSTAntIaL Way," rEILLY sAiD.
bUT CalIfoRNia ATtORnEY gEneral BILl loCKyEr isSued A sTatemENt fRiDaY, SAYing The stAtE WOUld noT appeAL The decReE aNd wOuLd inSTEAd "FocUs ON EnfORcEment To ENSuRe ThAT thE sofTwARe gIANT abIDEs By FaIr CoMpeTItIOn rulEs."
"WhILE noT CoMpleTEly SatiSFying, tHE CoURt DecREE cLOSED ENFORCemEnt LooPhOLes, KEePs COmPlianCe wiTH ThE remEDiES squarElY BefOrE THe courT aNd alLOWs US nOw tO TUrn aTtENTIoN TO mAkINg SuRe THAT micROsoFt COMpeTES fAIrLy IN tHe mARkETPlacE," He SaiD.
locKYeR said thE aNtItRuSt case "ExPOSEd tHE COMPANy'S iLlegaL pRaCtices" AnD pROVeD gooD foR CoMPETItiON And ConSUmers.
conNeCTIcuT aTTorneY gENERAL riCHArD bLUMentHAL saiD the DECisIoN "dEMonStrATes bOth reSolve ANd ReSourCes -- EacH esseNtIAL To EnfoRcE HARd-wOn reMEDIeS aGAINsT Any REcurRENcE OF microSoFT's Anti-ConsumeR lawBreakiNG."
"oUR AnTITrUST LawsuiT has ALwaYs BeeN ABouT PROteCtiNg ConSuMeRs And busiNesSes AnD sTOppING mICRoSoft from ilLEgaLlY STiFLiNg InnOVAtIon AnD STRaNgLIng COmPeTiTion," he sAID. "coNsumeR InTErESTS Are noW bEst SERvEd By tUrNiNG oUR fOcus to enforcement."
there are certain obsticals in the way of my understanding this story.
for the dead. Thanks.
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Be a better name for a porn actor.