The study doesn't talk about biological differences being a factor. It looked specifically at anxiety over ability in maths and socio-economic reasons why boys have less of it.
Interestingly some of the countries where the participation in STEM is uneven are also the ones where girls tend to out-perform boys in maths. There is this disconnect between their actual ability and the amount they worry about not being good at it.
In China the traditional gender roles are much stronger than they are in more progressive western countries. A lot of men in particular are very conservative about working with women who are their equals or superiors, and find it hard to get past the traditional ideas they were brought up with.
It's not just men either, a lot of women feel the same way. The younger ones are more progressive, as always.
That's classic conservatism, resistance to change and a preference for the existing way of doing things.
Note that it doesn't support the conclusion to draw.
Based on previous work they attribute lack of participation in STEM to be strongly related to anxiety over ability in maths. They note that despite girls often out-performing boys in maths at school, they experience a lot more anxiety. In more developed countries there is less economic motivation to overcome those worries.
The study concludes not that girls are inherently less interesting in STEM, but that they are actually getting less encouragement to overcome their anxiety about maths in more progressive countries. So the incorrect assumption that "girls suck at maths" is still there, it just needs a different technique to overcome it because merely having parents and teachers give equal encouragement is not enough.
According to your own link she had received a similar jail sentence to the accused, and much larger fines. Since the accused's conviction is still pending revocation then presumably this is not the end of the compensation he will receive (I don't know about Finland but in the UK there is compensation for wrongful imprisonment, loss of earnings, consequential losses etc. from the state).
Presumably there will also be a review to determine what went wrong and to prevent it happening again. Those involved may be sanctioned. This is far from over.
Look, mistakes are going to be made in any criminal justice system. It's impossible to have a 100% perfect system. A single anecdote is worthless though, what we need to see is data showing how often this happens. It's also important to look at how the situation is corrected, so it might be useful to know how quickly his conviction will be removed and what the total amount of compensation will be.
Ever heard of false rape accusations where the female accusers almost never get punished?
This seems to be a common misconception.
In a rape case it is often very hard to prove what happened. There is often little or no evidence and witnesses. The standard for criminal convictions is "beyond a reasonable doubt" in most places and it can be quite hard to reach that bar.
But that also means that if the accused is found not guilty, it doesn't necessarily mean that the accuser lied, and even if they did it would have to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt for them to be punished. Since most of these cases are just two opposing accounts of events being tested through questioning, it is rare for there to be provable lies that cannot be accounted for as poor memory or stress under questioning.
So the very same rules that are there to protect the accused also protect the accuser, even if the allegation is false.
Prosecutions for fake allegations, "perverting the course of justice" as it is known in the UK, and purgery do happen. But the bar for conviction has to be high, and has to be the same for everyone. Ironically you seem to be feeling the same frustration that rape victims often do, i.e. that it is so hard to prove and get a conviction.
It's telling that people are still trying to cover up the GamerGate harassment campaign like this. As a movement it's long dead, but the vindictive campaign never ends for some people. Even now, years later, they want to hurt those people.
It seems that there is also a men's rights activist/anti-feminist aspect to it, as evidenced by the bogus "men are always guilty" claim. Maybe that is why this lie endures.
Contempt of court is when you do something that might jeopardize the trial. As such the media is very careful when reporting on on-going trials.
When the trial concludes it can be reported without this issue. Robinson seems to have got the date wrong and claims to have thought it was a sentencing hearing, but it was actually the trial itself.
For example, black people are far more likely to convicted over very minor drug offenses. White people are much more likely to be let off, sometimes by the cop choosing to ignore it or deal with it out of court. If it does get to court then the white person is like to get a much more lenient punishment.
The algorithm comes into this system as it is, full of existing systemic bias. If the algorithm wants to be fair and avoid perpetrating that bias, it is going to have to examine each case in great detail. At the moment it doesn't take race as an input at all, but perhaps it should.
"Prior convictions" and "future convictions" are too simplistic.
For example, getting a minor drug possession conviction is rather different to one for murder. And the system is known to be far more likely to give young black men convictions for minor drug offenses than it is to give them to older white guys, even when the crime and circumstances are identical.
So we have a situation where the algorithm would need to understand the severity of each conviction, the circumstances in which it was given, and the bias that already exists which we have a desire to correct. That's something humans find difficult, let alone a relatively simplistic algorithm.
Or maybe it's just a tool to assist the teacher when they have to deal with a large class of kids. I'm not saying it isn't Orwellian, merely that perhaps it's not designed to force the kids to pay attention but rather to help the teacher notice where they need to focus their attention. Managing 30 kids who have to do boring work is hard.
I actually know some Chinese kids, and I've seen their school... It wasn't some kind of Party Loyalty factory, it was just a normal school full of normal kids but with more of a focus on rote learning than we have in the west.
They used to do something similar to parts of of the UK, but I don't know if they still do. I think satellite coverage fixed most of it.
These days communal broadband is more common. Laying in fibre optic connections because British Telecom wants silly money to do it. Using wifi for some of the gaps and last mile stuff.
That's not how depression works. You can't just snap out of it by avoiding negative news or observing people who are in a worse situation than yourself.
Millennials are the first generation for a very long time to be poorer than their parents. Homes are less affordable for them. The free/cheap education their parents enjoyed has been replaced by massive debts.
Yes, modern cars are better, but boomers benefited from cheap oil and being free to pollute the world. They feathered their nests and passed the debt on to their children.
Now they are retiring at 65 with decent pensions. Millennials are looking at working to 70+ and then being poor. The social contract has been broken.
Boomers broke the planet, never mind just the US. The global economic crisis, unaffordable housing, climate change, student debt, the pensions crisis... Many countries are suffering from their mistakes.
That's not too only malice, although it is frustrating that there is so little willingness to fix things now. Us gen X are in the middle, struggling a bit but also aware of how much more screwed millennials are.
When we reach a point where disconnecting from the grid becomes feasible things will get interesting. Neighbors interconnecting, building micro grids with a single connection to the national one, and only wanting to pay one service fee for the whole group.
Slashdot Mirror
The study doesn't talk about biological differences being a factor. It looked specifically at anxiety over ability in maths and socio-economic reasons why boys have less of it.
Interestingly some of the countries where the participation in STEM is uneven are also the ones where girls tend to out-perform boys in maths. There is this disconnect between their actual ability and the amount they worry about not being good at it.
In China the traditional gender roles are much stronger than they are in more progressive western countries. A lot of men in particular are very conservative about working with women who are their equals or superiors, and find it hard to get past the traditional ideas they were brought up with.
It's not just men either, a lot of women feel the same way. The younger ones are more progressive, as always.
That's classic conservatism, resistance to change and a preference for the existing way of doing things.
This is a perennial problem for us all, and not just with cryptocurrencies. I have old backup archives I can't open due to forgetting the password.
A password manager really helps.
I'd like to remind everyone that the claim about sexual favours in exchange for positive reviews or coverage is a long debunked lie.
The paper that article is based on can be read for free here: http://journals.plos.org/ploso...
Note that it doesn't support the conclusion to draw.
Based on previous work they attribute lack of participation in STEM to be strongly related to anxiety over ability in maths. They note that despite girls often out-performing boys in maths at school, they experience a lot more anxiety. In more developed countries there is less economic motivation to overcome those worries.
The study concludes not that girls are inherently less interesting in STEM, but that they are actually getting less encouragement to overcome their anxiety about maths in more progressive countries. So the incorrect assumption that "girls suck at maths" is still there, it just needs a different technique to overcome it because merely having parents and teachers give equal encouragement is not enough.
According to your own link she had received a similar jail sentence to the accused, and much larger fines. Since the accused's conviction is still pending revocation then presumably this is not the end of the compensation he will receive (I don't know about Finland but in the UK there is compensation for wrongful imprisonment, loss of earnings, consequential losses etc. from the state).
Presumably there will also be a review to determine what went wrong and to prevent it happening again. Those involved may be sanctioned. This is far from over.
Look, mistakes are going to be made in any criminal justice system. It's impossible to have a 100% perfect system. A single anecdote is worthless though, what we need to see is data showing how often this happens. It's also important to look at how the situation is corrected, so it might be useful to know how quickly his conviction will be removed and what the total amount of compensation will be.
Ever heard of false rape accusations where the female accusers almost never get punished?
This seems to be a common misconception.
In a rape case it is often very hard to prove what happened. There is often little or no evidence and witnesses. The standard for criminal convictions is "beyond a reasonable doubt" in most places and it can be quite hard to reach that bar.
But that also means that if the accused is found not guilty, it doesn't necessarily mean that the accuser lied, and even if they did it would have to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt for them to be punished. Since most of these cases are just two opposing accounts of events being tested through questioning, it is rare for there to be provable lies that cannot be accounted for as poor memory or stress under questioning.
So the very same rules that are there to protect the accused also protect the accuser, even if the allegation is false.
Prosecutions for fake allegations, "perverting the course of justice" as it is known in the UK, and purgery do happen. But the bar for conviction has to be high, and has to be the same for everyone. Ironically you seem to be feeling the same frustration that rape victims often do, i.e. that it is so hard to prove and get a conviction.
It's telling that people are still trying to cover up the GamerGate harassment campaign like this. As a movement it's long dead, but the vindictive campaign never ends for some people. Even now, years later, they want to hurt those people.
It seems that there is also a men's rights activist/anti-feminist aspect to it, as evidenced by the bogus "men are always guilty" claim. Maybe that is why this lie endures.
Nappies seem like a good candidate for low quality recycled paper.
Washlet toilets / bidets safe a lot of toilet paper and chemical water treatment too, as well as being much nicer in general.
Contempt of court is when you do something that might jeopardize the trial. As such the media is very careful when reporting on on-going trials.
When the trial concludes it can be reported without this issue. Robinson seems to have got the date wrong and claims to have thought it was a sentencing hearing, but it was actually the trial itself.
I've noticed in the past few years that I get metal cutlery on flights. The knives have blunt tips.
Wow, what a waste. The UK doesn't have much fibre at all, or dial up any more. Anyone with a phone line can at least get 250kb ADSL.
He is not trouble for contemt of court. He already has a suspended sentence for it. It's like he wants to go to prison.
And while I don't agree with it, the do lock Muslims up for hate speech. Quite a few actually.
For example, black people are far more likely to convicted over very minor drug offenses. White people are much more likely to be let off, sometimes by the cop choosing to ignore it or deal with it out of court. If it does get to court then the white person is like to get a much more lenient punishment.
The algorithm comes into this system as it is, full of existing systemic bias. If the algorithm wants to be fair and avoid perpetrating that bias, it is going to have to examine each case in great detail. At the moment it doesn't take race as an input at all, but perhaps it should.
"Prior convictions" and "future convictions" are too simplistic.
For example, getting a minor drug possession conviction is rather different to one for murder. And the system is known to be far more likely to give young black men convictions for minor drug offenses than it is to give them to older white guys, even when the crime and circumstances are identical.
So we have a situation where the algorithm would need to understand the severity of each conviction, the circumstances in which it was given, and the bias that already exists which we have a desire to correct. That's something humans find difficult, let alone a relatively simplistic algorithm.
Or maybe it's just a tool to assist the teacher when they have to deal with a large class of kids. I'm not saying it isn't Orwellian, merely that perhaps it's not designed to force the kids to pay attention but rather to help the teacher notice where they need to focus their attention. Managing 30 kids who have to do boring work is hard.
I actually know some Chinese kids, and I've seen their school... It wasn't some kind of Party Loyalty factory, it was just a normal school full of normal kids but with more of a focus on rote learning than we have in the west.
They used to do something similar to parts of of the UK, but I don't know if they still do. I think satellite coverage fixed most of it.
These days communal broadband is more common. Laying in fibre optic connections because British Telecom wants silly money to do it. Using wifi for some of the gaps and last mile stuff.
That's not how depression works. You can't just snap out of it by avoiding negative news or observing people who are in a worse situation than yourself.
If only it were that easy.
Millennials are the first generation for a very long time to be poorer than their parents. Homes are less affordable for them. The free/cheap education their parents enjoyed has been replaced by massive debts.
Yes, modern cars are better, but boomers benefited from cheap oil and being free to pollute the world. They feathered their nests and passed the debt on to their children.
Now they are retiring at 65 with decent pensions. Millennials are looking at working to 70+ and then being poor. The social contract has been broken.
Boomers broke the planet, never mind just the US. The global economic crisis, unaffordable housing, climate change, student debt, the pensions crisis... Many countries are suffering from their mistakes.
That's not too only malice, although it is frustrating that there is so little willingness to fix things now. Us gen X are in the middle, struggling a bit but also aware of how much more screwed millennials are.
It's classic Dunning-Kruger. Everything looks hard until you just wade in, and find you can scrape Twitter really easily.
When we reach a point where disconnecting from the grid becomes feasible things will get interesting. Neighbors interconnecting, building micro grids with a single connection to the national one, and only wanting to pay one service fee for the whole group.
Maybe it depends where you go. In Guangzhou they were available, but not in Fuzhou.
I was in China recently and 501s were on sale in big chain shops at normal prices.
I have a Xiaomi TV box (Android) and it's great. In fact it's one of the few that does YouTube 1080p60 and Netflix 4k, and it's cheap too.