I'm currently POSTing this from a host whose IP has been banned from/. The only crime I committed was inheriting somebody else's cable modem IP (they're semi-dynamic, just as in the story). Sure, I've emailed banned@slashdot.org, but I can't say I'm surprised that they never replied.
In the meanwhile, I browse/. through a proxy at my university, just as the submitter is told to relay SMTP. IP addresses are a horrible method of access control that is easily circumventable* and yet leads to false-positives. Repeat after me: there is no correspondance between IP addresses and machines; any system that assumes otherwise is a bandaid.
Ultimately, if you actually care where packets came from, you should force the sender to digitally sign them.
* If I had done something bad to/., I'd still be doing it through a mixmaster proxy or spoofing my IP.
You do realise that you're drawing an arbitrary line, right? Genetic modification is only a difference in degree from selective breeding. Terminator crops are just a higher-tech version of corn or seedless fruit. If a plant or animal naturally lived on your land then you wouldn't have had to introduce it, would you?
Our continuing lives rely on much more of our technology than just the ability to genetically modify seeds. Chances are, any disaster great enough to remove the entire world's ability to reproduce Terminators would leave the world in such a different state that people like you and me wouldn't be able to survive in it even with pockets full of heritage seeds.
We accepted thousands of years ago that humans would control and eventually replace "Nature", it's way too late to go back now. The only arbitrary point to draw a line on our use of technology is where other technology suggests that it is dangerous now, not in some anarcho-environmentalist fantasy.
Without Gnome, Solaris would still be using the unbelievably bad CDE desktop environment. Until I heard about Gnome on Solaris I was prepared to recommend to my boss that we install Debian on all the SPARC workstations because the users couldn't bare CDE (don't get me started on the administrative problems). So basically Sun's options were to make a desktop environment from scratch or use an open source one -- they couldn't stick with what they have. Obviously it was way cheaper to adopt Gnome. Then should we be impressed when they throw in a few manhours and dollars so their pet features get implemented?
Monster's Salary Centre has data, but they don't tell you how old it is or where it comes from and it's a pain in the ass to figure out exactly what job title to look at.
Any engineer worth his salt would rather design it right rather than get it done with these kiddie building blocks.
Ah, but what if you didn't need an engineer? What if municipalities or factories or whatever could get their janitors and repairers and other semi-skilled labourers to make these? Engineers should only be used for creating something that is unlike every else ever made*, the kinds of devices these might replace should currently be made by technologists, eBlock-type technology will simply bring the task down to the level of technicians or below.
* No two bridges are alike. The kinds of things which may at first appear to have an engineer because they're important rather than unique are actually just unique.
I have a Palm IIIe that doesn't boot up anymore (even after changing the batteries, etc.) -- it suffered serious instability before it died, so I assume its CMOS started leaking or something. Anyway, it's not even worth anything on eBay, but I'd love to have something fun to do with the screen. Any suggestions?
You're right, the means of a corporation is to make money for investors. So the question is: is offshoring causing investors to make more money? I'm particularly interested in the idea that many people belong to more than one of the three stake-holder classes, this leads to questions like:
If pension funds own so much stock, why aren't they capable of curtailing offshoring?
Does being replaced by an offshored worker make consumers more conscious of where the things they purchase are being made?
Are investor-consumers getting a double-benefit because they have more money to buy cheaper goods?
Set them up with a DynDNS address. This way you can connect to them remotely using VNC when necessary to do administrative tasks.
Setup regular user accounts for them. Or better - setup limited user accounts so they can't even install any software themselves. Tell them to come up with lists of things they need installed and to call you. Then you can VNC in, fire up the admin account and install them in a few minutes.
Eventually, this kind of scheme would make for a good business model. Already some of the big PC companies are bundling remote admin tools for when you call-in, it's only a matter of time before ma&pop does it too. The next step is to make the administration pro-active, and then finally to start taking the consumer's power to screw things up away. The problem is that such a service needs to be cheaper than just buying a new computer whenever the old one gets too screwed up -- will price fall as fast as spyware evolves?
Don't confuse using monads with understanding monads. Every imperative programmer is using monads (at least as much as they are "using" functions), because semantically every imperative program is monadic. Most Haskell tutorials teach Monadic I/O before they explain Monads, and I suspect that one could write many useful programs in Haskell without. The point of Monads is that they are an embedding of imperativeness in a purely functional language and therefore you have access to the imperative innards (to add things like exception handling).
If I were your professor, I would have failed you.
...well there was an infinitesimally small chance that the power could go at just the right time...
See, there's this thing some databases have been able to do for a while called "transactions", you might remember the acronym "ACID" from some of those lectures that obviously went straight over your head?
With a team of 10 people, the whole thing could be designed, implemented, tested and documented in 6 months.
That includes auditing the compiler, operating system, and hardware? Oh wait, but if you're using Java you [probably] can't even get the source code for the compiler; and as far as I know there are no hardware platforms that are entirely open. So the question you've got to ask yourself is: is Australia an important enough country to warrant the kind of conspiracy necessary to rig one of these underlying subsystems? In comparison: nuclear power station software systems are important enough to be verified by formal methods.
And these are just the problems with the actual voting. Centralised results compilation is a whole other kettle of fish, as is managing voter lists. In conclusion: you have no idea what you're talking about.
It's a Mirage: Dinosaurs Don't Do Software
on
Linux in Canada
·
· Score: 1
From what I gather, Alberta has become business-oriented by slashing corporate and income tax rates (because the oil brings in basically enough money to run the province). Since Calgary has the second-highest number of company HQs in Canada (after Toronto), there are a fair number of tech people developing internally-used software and doing IT. Also, for reasons I'm unsure of, the University of Alberta has very strong Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Depts.
However, Alberta's per-capita spending on R&D is below all the other "have" provinces -- I'd guess because alcoholic politicians and oil tycoons don't care about science. Alberta also has very low venture capital activity (there's a reason the TSX Venture Exchange used to be in Vancouver). As a result, there are way less pure-software companies than Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, and Ottawa.
I like the proposal that minimum wage and welfare should be replaced by a guaranteed minimum income -- so the government ensures that every citizen makes at least $x/year, where x is sustenance level. This removes the burden placed on businesses of paying their employees minimum wage, instead they will likely have to ensure that positions are interesting if they don't pay well (studies have found that people placed on GMI only slightly decrease the hours they work with no other significant changes). It also significantly reduces the amount of bureaucracy in government if they don't need to decided who gets social support. Finally, imagine the benefits to society if artists, researchers, and open source coders didn't have to worry about getting funding or a day job!
The great thing about the Nigerian email scams is that there are no innocent victims: the money being offered is obviously bloodmoney or at least embezzeled tax dollars and the amounts are such that the only people to fall for it are outrageously greedy. And as I understand it, the people running these scams usually are genuinely in Africa, which, as a continent, could certainly use the money.
So these scams are effectively a tax to increase foreign aid. But unlike most taxes, who punish those who are smart and hard working (and born into lucky circumstances, of course), this tax specifically targets people who are greedy and immoral. And we can be sure that the foreign aid isn't "accidentally" going to corrupt government officials, because they're too busy scamming the IMF and their own citizens to bother with email.
In fact, now that I get to thinking about it, I'd support my government's foreign aid service switching from handing out tax dollars to providing scam training to entrepreneurs of the Third World. Wouldn't you?
Morality, rather than ethics, transcends cultural norms. Therefore, in order to be moral you need to be conscious, or at least able to think. Corporations, as entities, have no minds. The shareholders, represented by the board of directors, act as the homunculus for corporations. It is the shareholders who decided to offshore, or at least gave the executives the order to maximise profits and the free rein to do that by offshoring if need be.
Do you own stock? When was the last time you went to a shareholders meeting? You have no one to blame for offshoring but yourself.
Isn't that Pareto Optimal from a systems perspective (ie: if the employees are considered interchangable)? The total utility in the system has increased, therefore, to a utilitarian, the right thing has been done. Since the owner lives in a country with a higher standard-of-living than the new employee, they need the money more.
More than half of American households own stock, therefore it is often the case that the employees being laid off are the very same shareholders that are benefiting from the outsourcing. According to the 200 census, there are 105 million households in the US with an average net worth of $55k; if every citizen liquidated their assets and invested them at a 5% rate of return, their interest would be $990/year: more than double the average income in India and nearly three times what the UN says is required to support life. And no American would ever have to work again.
As I understand it, ERP systems are a hybrid of your two approachs. Basically made-to-measure rather than bespoke or ready-to-wear: ERP systems typically are an infrastructure requiring customisation for each enterprise. Since customisation is simpler and in a higher-level language than creating a system from scratch, the cost of the ERP software plus customising developers should be cheaper. (Many made-to-measure and even bespoke tailors are offshoring the stitching today.)
Of course many small businesses can barely afford the ready-to-wear software, so they're still stuck with a bad fit. Once I can figure out exactly how to provide them with cheap made-to-measure (probably built on open source ERP), I'm going to be rich!
Statistics Canada has also started thinking in terms of metro regions, although that is even more important in Canada because we have a higher percentage of our population in urban areas.
Does the book speculate on what impact this economic reconfiguration will have on the political boundaries of the future? For example, a few years ago Vancouver and Seattle wanted to submit a joint bid for the Olympics, but the IOC wouldn't allow it because they needed to be able to lay blame on a single country. And Douglas Coupland has speculated that the Vancouver region will become a city state in the future when nation states cease to exist.
For the present, it certainly doesn't make sense that the people in South New Hampshire have no representation in Boston's municipal or state governments -- is there any precedent for reorganising state lines in the US?
We all know that email attachments are an ad-hoc kludge of an extension and being able to search through binary attachments adds no value, therefore GMail should forbid attachments. Such functionality could be offered by a parallel network or even protocol for file transfers. After all, if ISPs don't need to host email text anymore they'll have space freed up to host files.
Such a policy would not only alleviate many potential problems with GMail, but save the world from email worms overnight.
It's shocking to me that the towns hosting universities don't engineer and demand programs to increase retention. That is usually why towns want new universities so much, isn't it? It's supposed to lift the whole town economically and culturally, not just the few locals hired as university staff.
A particularly sad example is my alma matter: Trent University from tiny (~70k) Peterborough, Ontario. The town is economically depressed because of industrial closures over the last decade, so there are very few summer and post-grad jobs to go around. Instead of trying to create opportunities to make the university students into citizens, the Powers That Be lobby for low-skilled labour like call centres and try and appease their middle class by zoning big-block stores in the suburbs. So the science and business students (who spent all their school years in the empty downtown core) take one look around after grad and quickly run off to nearby Toronto. Some of the arts students figure the'll get more bang for their McBuck and stay around. As a result, the town has an abnormally active arts community, but no home-grown industry to speak of.
I guess that's the problem with small towns: everyone who could put the town on a growth trajectory has already moved away.
I don't know if this is a personal quirk of mine or if other people share similar cognitive function, but I remember colours better than anything else. No matter what else I remember about a webpage, I always remember its background colour. Therefore the thumbnails would be invaluable to me when I'm trying to find that page I saw with a white background and a big pic that was pinkish-white (Caucasian skintone) with a red dot in the middle.
Seems to me like these sites are more useful for managing your social network than building one. Like I imagine you were getting plenty of projects before you joined LinkedIn, it just improved what you were getting.
I'm graduating in a few months and planning on moving to a city where no one I know lives. I'm sure I know some people who know some people who know some people there, but I can't navigate the network casually enough. And without the network, it'll be much harder for me to be so lucky as to have a job lined by by the time I step off the plane. So it'd be really nice if I could just punch all my immediate contacts into LinkedIn or whatever and they'd all do the same, except...I don't think any of them would bother.
So I think these tools are probably awesome if a whole company plugs in, or even a fairly distinct, tech-savvy group (like most of the contractors in a city), but they're not just going to work for anyone. It certainly doesn't help that LinkedIn and all the similar business-oriented sites I've looked at are planning on charging money any day now and don't offer fine-grained locations outside the US (there's a big difference between Halifax and Vancouver, you know).
I am not a Debian developer, but I play one on TV:
maintainers are overwhelmed with the complications of actually running an install and uninstall
They should be using file tracking tools to help them. Scold them.
documentation lags
Yes, this is a common problem; but it's also an easy thing to submit bug reports on. Chances are, if it's in the bugs DB, it'll get updated by the next pkg release.
updated features are extremely delayed
apt-get --target-release unstable install foo (this will also update all the dependencies -- if you can't handle the instability that comes from doing that, there's still a good chance you can build the unstable package against stable build-deps)
troubleshooting difficulties. When I have a problem, I can't always determine
Yeah, this is a bitch. I've taken to trying upstream first, although every Debian developer I've ever submitted a bug to has been nice about submitting it to upstream if I misattribute the bug. It would be nice if the Debian bug database were more integrated with other bug databases (even with links to the appropriate sites as they're sometimes non-trivial to find).
I'm currently POSTing this from a host whose IP has been banned from /. The only crime I committed was inheriting somebody else's cable modem IP (they're semi-dynamic, just as in the story). Sure, I've emailed banned@slashdot.org, but I can't say I'm surprised that they never replied.
/. through a proxy at my university, just as the submitter is told to relay SMTP. IP addresses are a horrible method of access control that is easily circumventable* and yet leads to false-positives. Repeat after me: there is no correspondance between IP addresses and machines; any system that assumes otherwise is a bandaid.
/., I'd still be doing it through a mixmaster proxy or spoofing my IP.
In the meanwhile, I browse
Ultimately, if you actually care where packets came from, you should force the sender to digitally sign them.
* If I had done something bad to
You do realise that you're drawing an arbitrary line, right? Genetic modification is only a difference in degree from selective breeding. Terminator crops are just a higher-tech version of corn or seedless fruit. If a plant or animal naturally lived on your land then you wouldn't have had to introduce it, would you?
Our continuing lives rely on much more of our technology than just the ability to genetically modify seeds. Chances are, any disaster great enough to remove the entire world's ability to reproduce Terminators would leave the world in such a different state that people like you and me wouldn't be able to survive in it even with pockets full of heritage seeds.
We accepted thousands of years ago that humans would control and eventually replace "Nature", it's way too late to go back now. The only arbitrary point to draw a line on our use of technology is where other technology suggests that it is dangerous now, not in some anarcho-environmentalist fantasy.
Preferably Debian, and then `apt-get install popularity-contest` so we never have to endure a story as stupid as this one ever again.
Without Gnome, Solaris would still be using the unbelievably bad CDE desktop environment. Until I heard about Gnome on Solaris I was prepared to recommend to my boss that we install Debian on all the SPARC workstations because the users couldn't bare CDE (don't get me started on the administrative problems). So basically Sun's options were to make a desktop environment from scratch or use an open source one -- they couldn't stick with what they have. Obviously it was way cheaper to adopt Gnome. Then should we be impressed when they throw in a few manhours and dollars so their pet features get implemented?
Monster's Salary Centre has data, but they don't tell you how old it is or where it comes from and it's a pain in the ass to figure out exactly what job title to look at.
Ah, but what if you didn't need an engineer? What if municipalities or factories or whatever could get their janitors and repairers and other semi-skilled labourers to make these? Engineers should only be used for creating something that is unlike every else ever made*, the kinds of devices these might replace should currently be made by technologists, eBlock-type technology will simply bring the task down to the level of technicians or below.
* No two bridges are alike. The kinds of things which may at first appear to have an engineer because they're important rather than unique are actually just unique.
I have a Palm IIIe that doesn't boot up anymore (even after changing the batteries, etc.) -- it suffered serious instability before it died, so I assume its CMOS started leaking or something. Anyway, it's not even worth anything on eBay, but I'd love to have something fun to do with the screen. Any suggestions?
Eventually, this kind of scheme would make for a good business model. Already some of the big PC companies are bundling remote admin tools for when you call-in, it's only a matter of time before ma&pop does it too. The next step is to make the administration pro-active, and then finally to start taking the consumer's power to screw things up away. The problem is that such a service needs to be cheaper than just buying a new computer whenever the old one gets too screwed up -- will price fall as fast as spyware evolves?
Don't confuse using monads with understanding monads. Every imperative programmer is using monads (at least as much as they are "using" functions), because semantically every imperative program is monadic. Most Haskell tutorials teach Monadic I/O before they explain Monads, and I suspect that one could write many useful programs in Haskell without. The point of Monads is that they are an embedding of imperativeness in a purely functional language and therefore you have access to the imperative innards (to add things like exception handling).
If I were your professor, I would have failed you.
See, there's this thing some databases have been able to do for a while called "transactions", you might remember the acronym "ACID" from some of those lectures that obviously went straight over your head?
That includes auditing the compiler, operating system, and hardware? Oh wait, but if you're using Java you [probably] can't even get the source code for the compiler; and as far as I know there are no hardware platforms that are entirely open. So the question you've got to ask yourself is: is Australia an important enough country to warrant the kind of conspiracy necessary to rig one of these underlying subsystems? In comparison: nuclear power station software systems are important enough to be verified by formal methods.
And these are just the problems with the actual voting. Centralised results compilation is a whole other kettle of fish, as is managing voter lists. In conclusion: you have no idea what you're talking about.
From what I gather, Alberta has become business-oriented by slashing corporate and income tax rates (because the oil brings in basically enough money to run the province). Since Calgary has the second-highest number of company HQs in Canada (after Toronto), there are a fair number of tech people developing internally-used software and doing IT. Also, for reasons I'm unsure of, the University of Alberta has very strong Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Depts.
However, Alberta's per-capita spending on R&D is below all the other "have" provinces -- I'd guess because alcoholic politicians and oil tycoons don't care about science. Alberta also has very low venture capital activity (there's a reason the TSX Venture Exchange used to be in Vancouver). As a result, there are way less pure-software companies than Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, and Ottawa.
- Someone from the dev team
- "Bailey" is British slang for "swimsuit", therefore the whole thing is "just in swimsuit"
- One of many random sequences that just happen to fit the format of the code except this one has a recognisable name
The swimsuit one sounds the most reasonable, but Google doesn't seem to think it's true. Does anyone have a reputable theory?I like the proposal that minimum wage and welfare should be replaced by a guaranteed minimum income -- so the government ensures that every citizen makes at least $x/year, where x is sustenance level. This removes the burden placed on businesses of paying their employees minimum wage, instead they will likely have to ensure that positions are interesting if they don't pay well (studies have found that people placed on GMI only slightly decrease the hours they work with no other significant changes). It also significantly reduces the amount of bureaucracy in government if they don't need to decided who gets social support. Finally, imagine the benefits to society if artists, researchers, and open source coders didn't have to worry about getting funding or a day job!
The great thing about the Nigerian email scams is that there are no innocent victims: the money being offered is obviously bloodmoney or at least embezzeled tax dollars and the amounts are such that the only people to fall for it are outrageously greedy. And as I understand it, the people running these scams usually are genuinely in Africa, which, as a continent, could certainly use the money.
So these scams are effectively a tax to increase foreign aid. But unlike most taxes, who punish those who are smart and hard working (and born into lucky circumstances, of course), this tax specifically targets people who are greedy and immoral. And we can be sure that the foreign aid isn't "accidentally" going to corrupt government officials, because they're too busy scamming the IMF and their own citizens to bother with email.
In fact, now that I get to thinking about it, I'd support my government's foreign aid service switching from handing out tax dollars to providing scam training to entrepreneurs of the Third World. Wouldn't you?
Morality, rather than ethics, transcends cultural norms. Therefore, in order to be moral you need to be conscious, or at least able to think. Corporations, as entities, have no minds. The shareholders, represented by the board of directors, act as the homunculus for corporations. It is the shareholders who decided to offshore, or at least gave the executives the order to maximise profits and the free rein to do that by offshoring if need be.
Do you own stock? When was the last time you went to a shareholders meeting? You have no one to blame for offshoring but yourself.
Isn't that Pareto Optimal from a systems perspective (ie: if the employees are considered interchangable)? The total utility in the system has increased, therefore, to a utilitarian, the right thing has been done. Since the owner lives in a country with a higher standard-of-living than the new employee, they need the money more.
More than half of American households own stock, therefore it is often the case that the employees being laid off are the very same shareholders that are benefiting from the outsourcing. According to the 200 census, there are 105 million households in the US with an average net worth of $55k; if every citizen liquidated their assets and invested them at a 5% rate of return, their interest would be $990/year: more than double the average income in India and nearly three times what the UN says is required to support life. And no American would ever have to work again.
As I understand it, ERP systems are a hybrid of your two approachs. Basically made-to-measure rather than bespoke or ready-to-wear: ERP systems typically are an infrastructure requiring customisation for each enterprise. Since customisation is simpler and in a higher-level language than creating a system from scratch, the cost of the ERP software plus customising developers should be cheaper. (Many made-to-measure and even bespoke tailors are offshoring the stitching today.)
Of course many small businesses can barely afford the ready-to-wear software, so they're still stuck with a bad fit. Once I can figure out exactly how to provide them with cheap made-to-measure (probably built on open source ERP), I'm going to be rich!
This isn't the content you're looking for.
Statistics Canada has also started thinking in terms of metro regions, although that is even more important in Canada because we have a higher percentage of our population in urban areas.
Does the book speculate on what impact this economic reconfiguration will have on the political boundaries of the future? For example, a few years ago Vancouver and Seattle wanted to submit a joint bid for the Olympics, but the IOC wouldn't allow it because they needed to be able to lay blame on a single country. And Douglas Coupland has speculated that the Vancouver region will become a city state in the future when nation states cease to exist.
For the present, it certainly doesn't make sense that the people in South New Hampshire have no representation in Boston's municipal or state governments -- is there any precedent for reorganising state lines in the US?
We all know that email attachments are an ad-hoc kludge of an extension and being able to search through binary attachments adds no value, therefore GMail should forbid attachments. Such functionality could be offered by a parallel network or even protocol for file transfers. After all, if ISPs don't need to host email text anymore they'll have space freed up to host files.
Such a policy would not only alleviate many potential problems with GMail, but save the world from email worms overnight.
It's shocking to me that the towns hosting universities don't engineer and demand programs to increase retention. That is usually why towns want new universities so much, isn't it? It's supposed to lift the whole town economically and culturally, not just the few locals hired as university staff.
A particularly sad example is my alma matter: Trent University from tiny (~70k) Peterborough, Ontario. The town is economically depressed because of industrial closures over the last decade, so there are very few summer and post-grad jobs to go around. Instead of trying to create opportunities to make the university students into citizens, the Powers That Be lobby for low-skilled labour like call centres and try and appease their middle class by zoning big-block stores in the suburbs. So the science and business students (who spent all their school years in the empty downtown core) take one look around after grad and quickly run off to nearby Toronto. Some of the arts students figure the'll get more bang for their McBuck and stay around. As a result, the town has an abnormally active arts community, but no home-grown industry to speak of.
I guess that's the problem with small towns: everyone who could put the town on a growth trajectory has already moved away.
I don't know if this is a personal quirk of mine or if other people share similar cognitive function, but I remember colours better than anything else. No matter what else I remember about a webpage, I always remember its background colour. Therefore the thumbnails would be invaluable to me when I'm trying to find that page I saw with a white background and a big pic that was pinkish-white (Caucasian skintone) with a red dot in the middle.
Seems to me like these sites are more useful for managing your social network than building one. Like I imagine you were getting plenty of projects before you joined LinkedIn, it just improved what you were getting.
I'm graduating in a few months and planning on moving to a city where no one I know lives. I'm sure I know some people who know some people who know some people there, but I can't navigate the network casually enough. And without the network, it'll be much harder for me to be so lucky as to have a job lined by by the time I step off the plane. So it'd be really nice if I could just punch all my immediate contacts into LinkedIn or whatever and they'd all do the same, except...I don't think any of them would bother.
So I think these tools are probably awesome if a whole company plugs in, or even a fairly distinct, tech-savvy group (like most of the contractors in a city), but they're not just going to work for anyone. It certainly doesn't help that LinkedIn and all the similar business-oriented sites I've looked at are planning on charging money any day now and don't offer fine-grained locations outside the US (there's a big difference between Halifax and Vancouver, you know).
I am not a Debian developer, but I play one on TV:
maintainers are overwhelmed with the complications of actually running an install and uninstall
They should be using file tracking tools to help them. Scold them.
documentation lags
Yes, this is a common problem; but it's also an easy thing to submit bug reports on. Chances are, if it's in the bugs DB, it'll get updated by the next pkg release.
updated features are extremely delayed
apt-get --target-release unstable install foo (this will also update all the dependencies -- if you can't handle the instability that comes from doing that, there's still a good chance you can build the unstable package against stable build-deps)
troubleshooting difficulties. When I have a problem, I can't always determine
Yeah, this is a bitch. I've taken to trying upstream first, although every Debian developer I've ever submitted a bug to has been nice about submitting it to upstream if I misattribute the bug. It would be nice if the Debian bug database were more integrated with other bug databases (even with links to the appropriate sites as they're sometimes non-trivial to find).