If only you understoof how flawed intellectual property was. It is one of humanities biggest mistakes. It causes more problems than any other law that exists today. If you want a better economy, better education, cheaper education, more freedom, less corruption, less poverty, then you would start by eliminating intellectual property laws. Until you've done some reading on the subject, I suggest you keep your opinions to yourself. Just because it sounds good to "own and control" what you've thought up, does not make it right.
Take away the copyright idea, seriously. Now kick out all the millionaire's (or get them to take on the task of creating this new system). Create new companies (or convert old ones) that can be mediators between the public and the artists. These companies would help the artist produce, CD's and merchandise, and work on setting up concerts and shows, etc. (Isn't this sort of what the music companies now do?) I guarantee CD's would both fall in price dramatically, but at the same time sales of CD's would far exceed what it is today. (I think people have been saying this for a long time now) Sure, many would trade mp3's, ogg's, CD's. (Just as they already do) Yet the only artists this new system would hurt are the extremely rich ones. Imagine that, more equality among artists, wider selection of music, and simply more music.
How ignorant and greedy people are. Some very well known people over the years have made predictions and many more will. Out of all of those predictions, most were too optimistic. Do some research. Or just wait another 10 years and you'll see. It is far more likely what he has predicted is not going to happen as soon as he says it will.
And for those that have an opinion on my views. An opinion is just that, it does not make it fact. My thoughts on patents are not just opinions. There is far too much truth about the evil of patents. Again I say, if you don't do some research on the subject, I don't want to hear from you.
A lot of what he said is farther down the road, unfortunately due to patents and companies fighting with each other over this and that many technologies will not come about and others will be far too expensive. As much as I'd like all this great new technology to get here in the next decade, it won't. Just look at all our currently promising technology. It is unbelievable how much the companies try and squeeze out of their "patented" products. Patents are the worst idea to progress ever. Do some research. I don't want to hear from you if haven't done atleast a few hours of reading on the subject of patents.
Yes. Since it is the smart ones who also make things easy to use and write documentation. Therefore, as long as the project includes people that are aware of making the software user friendly, it can become mainstream. Linux is heading toward that direction. Computers used to be mainstream only in government, then by hobbiests, then businesses, and now finally consumers. This is similar to Linux, except it never began with the government. It is only a matter of time.
The question we have to ask ourselves is where is the software? For sometime programmers needed better hardware to fill their needs for the processor hungry software they wanted to make. The industry sort of lost track. We use our computers mostly to do a few things. There isn't enough software to take advantage of the hardware. Games are as far as you get in the consumer market. This is not to blame on the hardware or software industry, but society. The processor intensive hardware lies in the hands of companies, organizations, and private individuals who can afford it. It is somewhat like the rich get richer poor get poorer phrase. The rich use this great tool to find better ways of making/designing old and new products, ways of marketing to the consumers, and computing environmental, physical, natural phenomona. When was the last time you used your computer to calculate weather patterns? or find places where oil might be found?
I keep seeing people say that because they make a lot of money on one product and lose on the others that it doesn't make them a monopoly. That is true, but just step back a little and ask yourself why they do it. They slowly cripple all the smaller businesses around them that are trying to compete against these underpriced products. When that happens, they begin to gain more and more of the market until they pretty much have little to no competition left. When this happens you have serious abuse of a monopoly. It has already happened with the Windows OS and Office. Now they will slowly begin to gain control of other markets they seek to take control of. Once you have the money pouring in from a product that you can price however you like, then there is no problem undercutting the competition with your other products. The entire Microsoft strategy is genius and also very evil. It will ruin many industries. The economy may only get worse with Microsoft having so much power and control. Bash the Microsoft bashers all you want, but they are the ones atleast slowing the beast down.
Everyone is talking about teaching English. What if you can not speak the other language, how do you teach it to them? I've heard a few people mention that you do not have to know the other language. How is this possible?
I didn't do to well going through my own comment. I could have made it 20 times longer if I really watched every word I said. Your right, but don't forget that trade is not what it seems.
The truth is that those countries are overpopulated based on their own resources and require outside assistance from countries like the US.
Your view on "assistance" and "resources" is vague. The U.S. including many other nations exploit these poorer nations. The aid that these nations receive depends on the nation, but can include anything such as food, water, medicine, clothing, etc. Yet, you have to ask yourself where the U.S. and other nations get all their resources. A lot of resources these more developed nations get are from these poorer countries. Also, how many Ethiopians are driving around in vehicles, using washers, dryers, dishwashers, vacuums, electronics, etc.? How many of them are building these items, which happen to require resources? Next time, please think about the problem before posting a comment. I hate reading through all the garbage on/.
I do not understand how people still believe patents have a place in our society after all the proof of how much damage they do. All the hiding and/or prohibiting of technologies is causing more problems than it will ever, theoretically, solve. For those of you that still believe patents still have a place in our world, do you think changing protocols like this benefits society? does it benefit the company? does it benefit anyone at all? Does making a technology/invention/idea proprietary help any person or company? There are many myths to patents, and all the arguments for patents have already been shot down. Do a search for "Brian Martin Intellectualy Property" and you'll find some good papers by him. His papers contain many references pertaining to intellectual property. Mod me down if you wish, it is not Off-topic even though it does sound like it though. Thank you for your time.
So you pay for 128 you say? Is that 128 kilobits per second. Funny, if you convert that to kilobytes per second you get 16. Is that not about what you get? Learn about the difference between bit and byte. In Europe they count gasoline volume by liters and not gallons (so, NO, their gas is not cheaper). Sure the numbers look good, but it all depends on the units.
"In this CNET news article, it talks about how Microsoft's new license that will allow competing companies to read-over software code for their products does not allow software covered under the GPL/LGPL licensing agreement (such as Linux, SAMBA, and Mozilla)."
WTF, is it just me or is this sentence gramatically wrong? After reading it about five times, I just can't figure it out, the d^@n thing doesn't even make sense.
Very well said. I also think that this could help lead to more hydrogen combustion engine cars. With more hackers having access to engine, exhaust, fuel, etc. data, combustion engines can be modified to run on hydrogen with little modification. Hydrogen can be produced from water (not electrolysis which generally uses more power to produce the gas, but other methods which use less power to produce the gas than the power the gas produces) and power our cars cleanly. It would actually be safer, cleaner, and even give more power to engines. Go ahead, do some research. Car hacking is just the beginning. Hacking is where all great ideas begin.
giving nothing at all to the artist is morally better than buying the music and giving something
So giving "most" of the profit to these large music companies is morally right? Giving them the power to make a few artists rich, while many smaller artists get hurt in the process is right? Giving the music industry the power to make decisions about the music artists make, and the music that consumers listen to to is right? If to support an artist you have to pay the company many more times what the artist makes, the I give no support. That would be like dumping two gallons of oil into the ocean to clean up one gallon of oil.
They should give up all patents and help fight against patents. Then stop screwing with the judiciary system. Stop using tactics that break antitrust laws. Nothing more I can think of at the moment. The world of programming and electronics is already screwed due to MS, patents, and corrupt software/electronic laws. The software/electronic industry will end up like the medical and oil industries. It is a very sad thought, but most likely true unless the open source and free software movement continues to get stronger.
Maybe laptop and desktop prices will drop, and we will finally be able to buy them without an OS installed or Linux installed. I considered buying a laptop from Dell, but I won't simply because Windows is installed. MS must be severely punished for such acts. Also for all there previous actions too. Justice!
Unfortunately the MPAA, RIAA, and all those intelligent Record/Movie companies just keep shelling out money to stop piracy. The MPAA and RIAA scare the companies about piracy.
Just imagine if Mc Donalds, Burger King, Checkers, etc had there own Association, BurgerAA. Now come these little burger joints that copy their recipes. So the BAA goes after the small time burger joints and the prices go up on Mc D's, BK's, etc burgers. So of course small time burger joints will keep popping up. They fill that gap where people that can't or don't want to pay so much for a burger. In the end, it isn't about the product, but the service and how much it costs. Enforcement is a waste of time and money, it is not a solution. If movies and music costed as much as it took to produce, distribute, and still make a fair profit, people would buy more and all of a sudden pirating would become a thing of the past because it would cost them more time and money to make copies than it would for companies.
The biggest problem is that our politicians do not understand the problem nor the solution. They, like the companies, are brought to fear piracy by organizations like the MPAA and RIAA.
Hilary Rosen, head of RIAA, said that the copy protection is "a measured response to a very serious problem facing the music industry today."
Serious? In what way? Last thing I remember is that the music industry was making much more than expected during the days of Napster. So where exactly is the problem? I believe it to be the music industry itself. People do not need a music industry. Music is not an industry (unless your talking about the genre called industry) it is a culture, a hobby, entertainment, and most important, a way for musicians to make a living. Now how can small time musicians make a living when the big time record companies take all that money from the people to pay, well, themselves?
Duh, what should we expect? Of course this was going to happen. Just make a wild guess what will happen this year. They will make more. Now how much more all depends on what they decide to do about piracy. If they attack piracy, their profits will not grow much, if they allow piracy to continue, then profits will increase substantially. Go ahead MPAA, take on the pirates and see what I mean. No amount of number crunching by your bean heads will prove anything. There is more to this whole thing than you'll ever understand.
All he did was say that the guy was "taking the piss" and listed some predictions that he believes no one will take seriously.
Thought the dates are probably wrong, the predictions aren't completely stupid.
Orgasmatron: Why not? Not possible?
Matrix: All depends on what he means by "The Matrix"
Full Direct Brain Link: Now why would this come before "The Matrix"? If I am correct he means "The Matrix" in some close sense of the movie. Now if that is true, then it is electronic. Our brains are not as easy to read or manipulate as electronics are.
Possible Rise of global machine dictator: I don't understsnd "machine dictator" ?
Political correctness creates new dark age: Again, why not? How can it not be taken seriously? Have you read your history books?
Whole generation effectively unable to read, write, think and work: It sure is possible. If you think hard enough, you can imagine all sorts of possibilities that could cause that.
Time travel: I agree. Won't happen.
Faster than light travel: Hmm, it could happen.
He did make a lot of other outrageous predictions though. At the same time, some sound quite real and scary for that matter. The future isn't really that hard to predict if you make vague predictions. Setting specific dates and details is the hard part. For the most part, human history is not a very difficult thing to understand. In many ways, so much is very predictable. Some that understand it want to promote one change and hinder another. Some learn to live with it and do their best to live a happy life, while the rest just get swept along doing the best they can with the little they know.
The biggest problem is that Microsoft continues with no major obtacles in its way. Microsoft has the money to do what it wants to do. What can stop something this large, only a large population. Do people not learn anything in history class? Does anyone remember big steel and oil? Why can we not stop it before it gets completely out of control? Why are no changes being made to prevent such evil? Does it take a revolution to make changes? It seems to me that most of the changes I see being made in government and corporations are to benefit the wealthy and powerful. Sure, you can just sit there and flame away at me and say I'm a crazy radical or even call me a communist like some of my friends. Communism is flawed, Socialism is flawed, dictatorship is flawed, and yes, even capitalism is flawed. Microsoft won't stop until some other large player sees an advantage to taking them on. The middle and poor class has nothing to lose when Microsoft loses, but they unfortunately do not know any better. Most do not even know about these tactics that Microsoft pulls. Should they get away with it, no, will they, it all depends on everyone.
It makes me sick when I hear someone praise Microsoft for anything they do, even if it is good. No matter what they do good, the harm they do outweighs the good. There is no excuse for it. Yes, I Microsoft bash, just like I bash anyone and everyone who is wealthy and/or powerful that abuse their power. Most important, I bash the systems, because that is the underlying problem. Microsoft is a corrupt organization, so bash away without feeling guilty about it.
You can do it for a lot cheaper than $5k. About 8 hard drives at 160 GB will only cost about $2,100; that makes a little over a TB of storage. Four drives can be put into one computer, so you need two basic computers, no need for sound, video, periphials, or any other extras. They will only be for file storage so you can easily get those two computers for less then $300 a piece. Just hook up the video so that you can install the needed software. So the price of 1 TB storage should only cost about
$2,700 wow, almost twice as less. If you have more to spare add another four drives and one more computer and you have almost 2 TB for only about $4,140
I think that educational institutions don't face this problem as much as the commercial interests. It's obvious that in business, the managers, the CEO's, the investors, and so forth do not understand how important it is to share information. Their main focus is profit, not science. I think this is just more proof that intellectual property should not exist. There are too many myths about intellectual property. The fact that it affects those in the scientific community this way is very sad.
If only you understoof how flawed intellectual property was. It is one of humanities biggest mistakes. It causes more problems than any other law that exists today. If you want a better economy, better education, cheaper education, more freedom, less corruption, less poverty, then you would start by eliminating intellectual property laws. Until you've done some reading on the subject, I suggest you keep your opinions to yourself. Just because it sounds good to "own and control" what you've thought up, does not make it right.
Villian of Progress Award!
Take away the copyright idea, seriously. Now kick out all the millionaire's (or get them to take on the task of creating this new system). Create new companies (or convert old ones) that can be mediators between the public and the artists. These companies would help the artist produce, CD's and merchandise, and work on setting up concerts and shows, etc. (Isn't this sort of what the music companies now do?) I guarantee CD's would both fall in price dramatically, but at the same time sales of CD's would far exceed what it is today. (I think people have been saying this for a long time now) Sure, many would trade mp3's, ogg's, CD's. (Just as they already do) Yet the only artists this new system would hurt are the extremely rich ones. Imagine that, more equality among artists, wider selection of music, and simply more music.
How ignorant and greedy people are. Some very well known people over the years have made predictions and many more will. Out of all of those predictions, most were too optimistic. Do some research. Or just wait another 10 years and you'll see. It is far more likely what he has predicted is not going to happen as soon as he says it will.
And for those that have an opinion on my views. An opinion is just that, it does not make it fact. My thoughts on patents are not just opinions. There is far too much truth about the evil of patents. Again I say, if you don't do some research on the subject, I don't want to hear from you.
A lot of what he said is farther down the road, unfortunately due to patents and companies fighting with each other over this and that many technologies will not come about and others will be far too expensive. As much as I'd like all this great new technology to get here in the next decade, it won't. Just look at all our currently promising technology. It is unbelievable how much the companies try and squeeze out of their "patented" products. Patents are the worst idea to progress ever. Do some research. I don't want to hear from you if haven't done atleast a few hours of reading on the subject of patents.
Yes. Since it is the smart ones who also make things easy to use and write documentation. Therefore, as long as the project includes people that are aware of making the software user friendly, it can become mainstream. Linux is heading toward that direction. Computers used to be mainstream only in government, then by hobbiests, then businesses, and now finally consumers. This is similar to Linux, except it never began with the government. It is only a matter of time.
The question we have to ask ourselves is where is the software? For sometime programmers needed better hardware to fill their needs for the processor hungry software they wanted to make. The industry sort of lost track. We use our computers mostly to do a few things. There isn't enough software to take advantage of the hardware. Games are as far as you get in the consumer market. This is not to blame on the hardware or software industry, but society. The processor intensive hardware lies in the hands of companies, organizations, and private individuals who can afford it. It is somewhat like the rich get richer poor get poorer phrase. The rich use this great tool to find better ways of making/designing old and new products, ways of marketing to the consumers, and computing environmental, physical, natural phenomona. When was the last time you used your computer to calculate weather patterns? or find places where oil might be found?
I keep seeing people say that because they make a lot of money on one product and lose on the others that it doesn't make them a monopoly. That is true, but just step back a little and ask yourself why they do it. They slowly cripple all the smaller businesses around them that are trying to compete against these underpriced products. When that happens, they begin to gain more and more of the market until they pretty much have little to no competition left. When this happens you have serious abuse of a monopoly. It has already happened with the Windows OS and Office. Now they will slowly begin to gain control of other markets they seek to take control of. Once you have the money pouring in from a product that you can price however you like, then there is no problem undercutting the competition with your other products. The entire Microsoft strategy is genius and also very evil. It will ruin many industries. The economy may only get worse with Microsoft having so much power and control. Bash the Microsoft bashers all you want, but they are the ones atleast slowing the beast down.
Everyone is talking about teaching English. What if you can not speak the other language, how do you teach it to them? I've heard a few people mention that you do not have to know the other language. How is this possible?
They need to ban military aircraft too. Don't they go over 5.6 G's? Then you have NASA. How about drag racing, do they go over 5.6 G's?
I didn't do to well going through my own comment. I could have made it 20 times longer if I really watched every word I said. Your right, but don't forget that trade is not what it seems.
The truth is that those countries are overpopulated based on their own resources and require outside assistance from countries like the US.
/.
Your view on "assistance" and "resources" is vague. The U.S. including many other nations exploit these poorer nations. The aid that these nations receive depends on the nation, but can include anything such as food, water, medicine, clothing, etc. Yet, you have to ask yourself where the U.S. and other nations get all their resources. A lot of resources these more developed nations get are from these poorer countries. Also, how many Ethiopians are driving around in vehicles, using washers, dryers, dishwashers, vacuums, electronics, etc.? How many of them are building these items, which happen to require resources? Next time, please think about the problem before posting a comment. I hate reading through all the garbage on
rzbx
I do not understand how people still believe patents have a place in our society after all the proof of how much damage they do. All the hiding and/or prohibiting of technologies is causing more problems than it will ever, theoretically, solve. For those of you that still believe patents still have a place in our world, do you think changing protocols like this benefits society? does it benefit the company? does it benefit anyone at all? Does making a technology/invention/idea proprietary help any person or company? There are many myths to patents, and all the arguments for patents have already been shot down. Do a search for "Brian Martin Intellectualy Property" and you'll find some good papers by him. His papers contain many references pertaining to intellectual property. Mod me down if you wish, it is not Off-topic even though it does sound like it though. Thank you for your time.
So you pay for 128 you say? Is that 128 kilobits per second. Funny, if you convert that to kilobytes per second you get 16. Is that not about what you get? Learn about the difference between bit and byte. In Europe they count gasoline volume by liters and not gallons (so, NO, their gas is not cheaper). Sure the numbers look good, but it all depends on the units.
"In this CNET news article, it talks about how Microsoft's new license that will allow competing companies to read-over software code for their products does not allow software covered under the GPL/LGPL licensing agreement (such as Linux, SAMBA, and Mozilla)."
WTF, is it just me or is this sentence gramatically wrong? After reading it about five times, I just can't figure it out, the d^@n thing doesn't even make sense.
Very well said. I also think that this could help lead to more hydrogen combustion engine cars. With more hackers having access to engine, exhaust, fuel, etc. data, combustion engines can be modified to run on hydrogen with little modification.
Hydrogen can be produced from water (not electrolysis which generally uses more power to produce the gas, but other methods which use less power to produce the gas than the power the gas produces) and power our cars cleanly. It would actually be safer, cleaner, and even give more power to engines. Go ahead, do some research.
Car hacking is just the beginning. Hacking is where all great ideas begin.
giving nothing at all to the artist is morally better than buying the music and giving something
So giving "most" of the profit to these large music companies is morally right? Giving them the power to make a few artists rich, while many smaller artists get hurt in the process is right? Giving the music industry the power to make decisions about the music artists make, and the music that consumers listen to to is right? If to support an artist you have to pay the company many more times what the artist makes, the I give no support. That would be like dumping two gallons of oil into the ocean to clean up one gallon of oil.
They should give up all patents and help fight against patents. Then stop screwing with the judiciary system. Stop using tactics that break antitrust laws. Nothing more I can think of at the moment. The world of programming and electronics is already screwed due to MS, patents, and corrupt software/electronic laws. The software/electronic industry will end up like the medical and oil industries. It is a very sad thought, but most likely true unless the open source and free software movement continues to get stronger.
Maybe laptop and desktop prices will drop, and we will finally be able to buy them without an OS installed or Linux installed. I considered buying a laptop from Dell, but I won't simply because Windows is installed. MS must be severely punished for such acts. Also for all there previous actions too. Justice!
Unfortunately the MPAA, RIAA, and all those intelligent Record/Movie companies just keep shelling out money to stop piracy. The MPAA and RIAA scare the companies about piracy.
Just imagine if Mc Donalds, Burger King, Checkers, etc had there own Association, BurgerAA. Now come these little burger joints that copy their recipes. So the BAA goes after the small time burger joints and the prices go up on Mc D's, BK's, etc burgers. So of course small time burger joints will keep popping up. They fill that gap where people that can't or don't want to pay so much for a burger. In the end, it isn't about the product, but the service and how much it costs. Enforcement is a waste of time and money, it is not a solution. If movies and music costed as much as it took to produce, distribute, and still make a fair profit, people would buy more and all of a sudden pirating would become a thing of the past because it would cost them more time and money to make copies than it would for companies.
The biggest problem is that our politicians do not understand the problem nor the solution. They, like the companies, are brought to fear piracy by organizations like the MPAA and RIAA.
Hilary Rosen, head of RIAA, said that the copy protection is "a measured response to a very serious problem facing the music industry today."
Serious? In what way? Last thing I remember is that the music industry was making much more than expected during the days of Napster. So where exactly is the problem? I believe it to be the music industry itself. People do not need a music industry. Music is not an industry (unless your talking about the genre called industry) it is a culture, a hobby, entertainment, and most important, a way for musicians to make a living. Now how can small time musicians make a living when the big time record companies take all that money from the people to pay, well, themselves?
Duh, what should we expect? Of course this was going to happen. Just make a wild guess what will happen this year. They will make more. Now how much more all depends on what they decide to do about piracy. If they attack piracy, their profits will not grow much, if they allow piracy to continue, then profits will increase substantially. Go ahead MPAA, take on the pirates and see what I mean. No amount of number crunching by your bean heads will prove anything. There is more to this whole thing than you'll ever understand.
All he did was say that the guy was "taking the piss" and listed some predictions that he believes no one will take seriously.
Thought the dates are probably wrong, the predictions aren't completely stupid.
Orgasmatron: Why not? Not possible?
Matrix: All depends on what he means by "The Matrix"
Full Direct Brain Link: Now why would this come before "The Matrix"? If I am correct he means "The Matrix" in some close sense of the movie. Now if that is true, then it is electronic. Our brains are not as easy to read or manipulate as electronics are.
Possible Rise of global machine dictator: I don't understsnd "machine dictator" ?
Political correctness creates new dark age: Again, why not? How can it not be taken seriously? Have you read your history books?
Whole generation effectively unable to read, write, think and work: It sure is possible. If you think hard enough, you can imagine all sorts of possibilities that could cause that.
Time travel: I agree. Won't happen.
Faster than light travel: Hmm, it could happen.
He did make a lot of other outrageous predictions though. At the same time, some sound quite real and scary for that matter. The future isn't really that hard to predict if you make vague predictions. Setting specific dates and details is the hard part. For the most part, human history is not a very difficult thing to understand. In many ways, so much is very predictable. Some that understand it want to promote one change and hinder another. Some learn to live with it and do their best to live a happy life, while the rest just get swept along doing the best they can with the little they know.
The biggest problem is that Microsoft continues with no major obtacles in its way. Microsoft has the money to do what it wants to do. What can stop something this large, only a large population. Do people not learn anything in history class? Does anyone remember big steel and oil? Why can we not stop it before it gets completely out of control? Why are no changes being made to prevent such evil? Does it take a revolution to make changes? It seems to me that most of the changes I see being made in government and corporations are to benefit the wealthy and powerful. Sure, you can just sit there and flame away at me and say I'm a crazy radical or even call me a communist like some of my friends. Communism is flawed, Socialism is flawed, dictatorship is flawed, and yes, even capitalism is flawed. Microsoft won't stop until some other large player sees an advantage to taking them on. The middle and poor class has nothing to lose when Microsoft loses, but they unfortunately do not know any better. Most do not even know about these tactics that Microsoft pulls. Should they get away with it, no, will they, it all depends on everyone.
It makes me sick when I hear someone praise Microsoft for anything they do, even if it is good. No matter what they do good, the harm they do outweighs the good. There is no excuse for it. Yes, I Microsoft bash, just like I bash anyone and everyone who is wealthy and/or powerful that abuse their power. Most important, I bash the systems, because that is the underlying problem. Microsoft is a corrupt organization, so bash away without feeling guilty about it.
You can do it for a lot cheaper than $5k. About 8 hard drives at 160 GB will only cost about $2,100; that makes a little over a TB of storage. Four drives can be put into one computer, so you need two basic computers, no need for sound, video, periphials, or any other extras. They will only be for file storage so you can easily get those two computers for less then $300 a piece. Just hook up the video so that you can install the needed software. So the price of 1 TB storage should only cost about
$2,700 wow, almost twice as less. If you have more to spare add another four drives and one more computer and you have almost 2 TB for only about $4,140
I think that educational institutions don't face this problem as much as the commercial interests. It's obvious that in business, the managers, the CEO's, the investors, and so forth do not understand how important it is to share information. Their main focus is profit, not science. I think this is just more proof that intellectual property should not exist. There are too many myths about intellectual property. The fact that it affects those in the scientific community this way is very sad.