Yes, Microsoft puts the drivers right in the kernel, but other OS's end up with similar results anyway.
For example, Linux does have kernel level drivers(DRI) for most common graphics cards nowadays simply to increase performance and to allow for features User space cannot perform. Plus, there is a growing wave of frame buffer kernel drivers which give users space a blank frame buffer to work with, so that programs like X, gnomefb, kembedded don't have to worry about writing to every hardware platform, just the abstract one that the kernel produces, pretty much the same as what windows uses.
This may not be or ever be a standard in all UNIX's, but anything that needs performance out of graphics, or any non-core perpheral, they will be going into the kernel, or they will have special hardware.
That means you have to whois opensrs's whois database revealing:
Registrant:
Sony Computer Entertainment America
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
Domain Name: PLAYSTATION2-LINUX.COM
Administrative Contact:
Department, Legal domainadmin@scea.com
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
650 655 8000
Technical Contact:
Hostmaster, SCEA hostmaster@scea.com
10075 Barnes Canyon Rd.
San Diego, CA 92121
US
858-824-5500
Billing Contact:
Department, Legal domainadmin@scea.com
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
650 655 8000
Registration Service Provider:
The Discount Domain Registry - Register your domain for only $14.99!, support@discountdomainregistry.com
(801) 991-5540
http://DiscountDomainRegistry.com
Record last updated on 11-Feb-2002.
Record expires on 17-Dec-2002.
Record Created on 17-Dec-2001.
Domain servers in listed order:
NS1.SCEA.COM 208.236.12.69
NS2.SCEA.COM 208.236.12.67
hehe it is harder, I will give you that, but Java is not infoulable. I have had java many a time crash out without an explaination. Mind you, it was the JVM's fault, but none the less, a core is a core if it is your fault or not.
Sorry for no definitive examples. Also, java reduces the number of crashes generated because of the sand-box layer between the OS. Where a write-to-null error would probably core a normal app, Java just throws exceptions, softening the severity to the bug. This "could" lead people to write sloppy code leaving the compiler to fudge it through, but that will happen always, on every compiler on the planet, so you can't blame java for the programer's shortcomings.
What most people mena when they are saying "garbage collection" is "Automatic runtime Garbage Collection", so having a thread / process running in the background getting rid of excess memory and objects that are no longer referenced.
You can crash your compouter if there are a miniumum number of primitives which you keep allocating and never drop. You can limit your computer by taking up 15000x your available memory, or trying anyway;-0
Coredumps don't happen when you use too much mempery, they happen(by in large) when you access memory that you don't have access to, like 0x00000000.
So theoretically, not having garbae collection would actually reduce the risk of coredumps by reducing the chances of writing to an area of memory not under the programs control. Now, if you want to talk about memory growth throughout the lifetime of a program,that is a different story. But, as long as you pair your constructors / destructors and always have a sane error handling system, you shouldn't have to worry abou this either.
Yeah, even VB allows you to deallocate variables whenever you want;-)
dim a(LOTS_OF_THEM) as something_wasting_memory
a = nothing (aka delete [] a)
Garbage collection is a lazy solution for getting bulletproof code. If you need the performance or have limited resources, don't use garbage collection. If you need code that is less prone to errors, Garbage collection is probably a reasonable solution.
So that said, why not make garbage collection as an "optional" module onto a project, like a proprocessor defined module that is only activated when multithreaded and wanted, or something like that. Now that 9I think about it, that would be a really sexy addon to C++.
Yeah, so C++ doesn't have garbage collection, that means that you can actually use pointers without the risk of them disappearing. I know the language is a more natural fit toward Java, but it also lacks some of the requirements found in C++.
So in conclusion, Make a hybrid middlelayer between C++ and java. Create the core Java classes that use the garbage collector and then wrap them in an operator overloaded shell to actually process the object interactions.. *chills*
Doesn't support multiple inheritance, only interface polymophism. The GUI isn't as intuitive and straight forward as one would hope, but at least a tool like Jbuilder can reduce this somewhat.
Java or C++ is probably the best fit for the job, especially when portability is a concern.
Tux is in the kernel optionally and under the experimental tag. Yes, it can cause angst in your system. Being what it is, to run it, you have to take the risk of the server being in the kernel to get the massive improvement in static pages that it does.
Mind you, these are only static pages, so there isn't too much to break, but still...
I am saying in a proper firewall conifguration, a hacker can never get to user space without going through the kernel, which is pointless, because if you have kernel access, who the hell cares about the userspace at all?
Ummm... Those newfangled switches are just as insecure as a tight firewall. Instead of hacking a PC firewall, you are just hacking an embeded-whatever firewall.
All of these assumptions have been that "if a user hacks in", but doesn't really delve on the issue.
They get in from a program misconfigured / bugged, or a kernel bug.
Theoretically, if you want a secure firewall, you won't be running services off it. Seems logical enough. I run ssh, and I still concider that safe enough for my needs, but oh well.
Now, if there are no programs running, which would also be the case of the poster's comments, it still will not protect the machine from kernel attacks. Whatever technique they use, they will find a way in eventually.
So, with a kernel exploit, the hacker can insert code into the kernel directly, hence having higher-than-root access to the machine. They have to be smart enough to write kernel code that actually does something, but if they are smart enough to exploit kernel bugs, then they should be smart enough to do whatever they want from the kernel.
So in effect, the proposed solution, although "safer", is effectively useless, pointless, a waste of my time;-)
One, this is totally off topic, but I cannot resist the urge to "comment" on DAOC love. I Played DAOC after being away from AC for about 4 months, bought it the second batch out.
Items in AC are like EQ, but most of their positive attributes are based on your skill, hence, level.
As to the second part, I like in-game economies like this. It is a very definitive MMORPG feature that I would never live without. It can be restricted, but I would quit if they took it away. It is too boring trading things that you just macro-basket-weave anyway.
In AC, you drop a few of you most valuable items(to be re-looted), and your skills are temporarily lowered until you make more xp. I quit DAOC because I just couldn't level past 11. I didn't put as much patience into it as I could have, but at least it made me apprecite what AC did right from the beginning. So much so, that I went back to AC.
AC doesn't have horses. They have portals to help get around. There may be "zones" in AC technically, but you will never know the diverence. It is an evercontinuous landscape, and the only cut is when entering dungeons. Also, there are like hundreds of places for you to explore. Many are a waste of to the bottom line, xp, items, and money, but they are really fun to explore.
Just decided to throw another game into the mix. It is too often ignored, but a really fun game most of the time.
Not preceived ecommomic value, but real ecomomic value. I know what you are getting at though, and I think that if we trod too deeply down this road, the genre MMORPG should be replaced with MMORLE Massive Multiplayer Online Real Life Extension, buecause it boils down to pathetic geeks (which we are) too afraid to live in the real world. I don't want that to happen. When I play a game, I play to escape the real world, not to extend it.
Second point, the the one who makes the nails has to declair how much that nail was sold for. Theoretically, this could be judged as the monthly subscription fee, or is it judged by the current number of gold coins produced to the world, or it could be a hundred other variables that all exist in Virtual Reality. There only one constant, in that Mythic charges money to "play" their game. There was no negotiation to re-sell the service, and I am pretty sure selling your account is basically a no-no... Ugh this is pointless I will stop now. If people don't get it ro don't want to get it, I am not going to change your mind.
And if any of these games were free markets, then that would be alright, but the point is that they aren't. They are closed and tariffed to death.
Imagine needing to fill out an employment contract with Mythic before playing their game. If you are making money from Mythic, someone is going to get taxed.
All major MMORPG's are in the states, and do think that if they actually pushed to have out-of-game rewards that someone wouldn't have to pay taxes? Bull, and you know that Mythic isn't going to flip the bill, so that is why In-game equity has no real world value, and should be banned by the makers of the games.
If someone wants to break the law and sell thier virtual properties, then that is the individual's choice.
It was brought up when the EQ post came up, but let me repeat my point with some flavor added in to support,
It is just a game. You have no rights to sell a virtual entity which is owned by Mythic without their permission.
I can't believe this community is so outraged in NO having Intelectual property over the characters and items that they creat.. Ironic, you bet.
About the word example, you could only sell it because word allows you unlimited access. Some Compilers don't give you 100% freedom over your code, like Kylix Open Edition. Your code must be GPL. Are you fighting Borland tooth and nail to MAKE them release it under totally free distribution? No.
If you really want ot think about it in a cold work oriented way, You are paying Mythic for the right to use their intellectial property under the restrictions of their EULA.
Personally, I don't care if someone sells items on a web site, or in-game. As long as the financial benefits to the average player are not raised to a viable level, there shouldn't be a disruption in the game itself. People in AC sanctioned or not, have been trading stuff for years out-of-game, and I haven't found any in-game problems related to it. Mind you, EQ and DAOC are more economy based, so I suppose that there might be issues with them.
Although I am just battling semantecs since I am against the law to begin with, but the destrtuctive power of a bomb, or bombs may be mroe powerful than a rifle, but it is surly less powerful than nukes, stealth plains, guided missiles, napalem, and other nasties that the US military has now. If one is to follow the sentiment of the law, then one's populace could overthrow a corruct regeim, etc.. They can't do this fighting rifles agains bombers. Example: Afganistan.
I agree. One side note, wasn't the right to bear arms a right given for comman man the ability to overthrow a corrupt government? I think it needs modernization if to keep up with the times.
Every citizen should have their own A bomb, ok, maybe two;-)
I can't say that I agree with the principle of the law in this day in age though. When one had just won their indepnedence from the British, it made perfect sense to have the law, since freedom, and self empowerment were big issues then. Nowadays, everyhting is government regulated one way or another. The government has abandoned the point of the law without throwing it out all together. I think there is conservative NRA type forces keeping anti-gun legislations throughout.
If one really wanted to make the "right to bear arms" modern, one would be allowed to build bombs and the such without government regulation at all.
Hey, Hollywood will keep them in business just to make cool looking computers to put in hacker movies, plus they can actually do work on the for the movie. Sometimes in the same shot!
You also get the benefit of using a system many companies target thier products for. You don't see many cad/cam, animation, or 3d programs coming to Apple. Yeah, they are expensive, but they are also highly tuned for their niche
They removed 2k Support last year. Good riddance. I just wish that they would put more heat toward their Linux support. Their open source web site is at: http://oss.sgi.com/ and http://www.sgi.com/linux/
Honestly, I don't have a problem with selling game property, but if it is in the COC not to do it, don't get upset. It isn't like a bad employer holding your cheque back becuase they felt like it or anything. You are not supposed to make money off it, so any proceeds must be concidered a windfall, not a right.
Slashdot Mirror
Erm, that is not exactly true.
Yes, Microsoft puts the drivers right in the kernel, but other OS's end up with similar results anyway.
For example, Linux does have kernel level drivers(DRI) for most common graphics cards nowadays simply to increase performance and to allow for features User space cannot perform. Plus, there is a growing wave of frame buffer kernel drivers which give users space a blank frame buffer to work with, so that programs like X, gnomefb, kembedded don't have to worry about writing to every hardware platform, just the abstract one that the kernel produces, pretty much the same as what windows uses.
This may not be or ever be a standard in all UNIX's, but anything that needs performance out of graphics, or any non-core perpheral, they will be going into the kernel, or they will have special hardware.
Done.
That means you have to whois opensrs's whois database revealing:
Registrant:
Sony Computer Entertainment America
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
Domain Name: PLAYSTATION2-LINUX.COM
Administrative Contact:
Department, Legal domainadmin@scea.com
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
650 655 8000
Technical Contact:
Hostmaster, SCEA hostmaster@scea.com
10075 Barnes Canyon Rd.
San Diego, CA 92121
US
858-824-5500
Billing Contact:
Department, Legal domainadmin@scea.com
919 East Hillsdale Blvd.
2nd Floor
Foster City, CA 94404
US
650 655 8000
Registration Service Provider:
The Discount Domain Registry - Register your domain for only $14.99!, support@discountdomainregistry.com
(801) 991-5540
http://DiscountDomainRegistry.com
Record last updated on 11-Feb-2002.
Record expires on 17-Dec-2002.
Record Created on 17-Dec-2001.
Domain servers in listed order:
NS1.SCEA.COM 208.236.12.69
NS2.SCEA.COM 208.236.12.67
hehe it is harder, I will give you that, but Java is not infoulable. I have had java many a time crash out without an explaination. Mind you, it was the JVM's fault, but none the less, a core is a core if it is your fault or not.
Sorry for no definitive examples. Also, java reduces the number of crashes generated because of the sand-box layer between the OS. Where a write-to-null error would probably core a normal app, Java just throws exceptions, softening the severity to the bug. This "could" lead people to write sloppy code leaving the compiler to fudge it through, but that will happen always, on every compiler on the planet, so you can't blame java for the programer's shortcomings.
What most people mena when they are saying "garbage collection" is "Automatic runtime Garbage Collection", so having a thread / process running in the background getting rid of excess memory and objects that are no longer referenced.
;-0
You can crash your compouter if there are a miniumum number of primitives which you keep allocating and never drop. You can limit your computer by taking up 15000x your available memory, or trying anyway
Coredumps don't happen when you use too much mempery, they happen(by in large) when you access memory that you don't have access to, like 0x00000000.
,that is a different story. But, as long as you pair your constructors / destructors and always have a sane error handling system, you shouldn't have to worry abou this either.
So theoretically, not having garbae collection would actually reduce the risk of coredumps by reducing the chances of writing to an area of memory not under the programs control. Now, if you want to talk about memory growth throughout the lifetime of a program
Yeah, even VB allows you to deallocate variables whenever you want ;-)
dim a(LOTS_OF_THEM) as something_wasting_memory
a = nothing (aka delete [] a)
Garbage collection is a lazy solution for getting bulletproof code. If you need the performance or have limited resources, don't use garbage collection. If you need code that is less prone to errors, Garbage collection is probably a reasonable solution.
So that said, why not make garbage collection as an "optional" module onto a project, like a proprocessor defined module that is only activated when multithreaded and wanted, or something like that. Now that 9I think about it, that would be a really sexy addon to C++.
hehe Garbage Collection == atexit()
*lol*
Yeah, so C++ doesn't have garbage collection, that means that you can actually use pointers without the risk of them disappearing. I know the language is a more natural fit toward Java, but it also lacks some of the requirements found in C++.
So in conclusion, Make a hybrid middlelayer between C++ and java. Create the core Java classes that use the garbage collector and then wrap them in an operator overloaded shell to actually process the object interactions.. *chills*
Why?
It does meet the requirements as laid out just as well as the others. Please give some meat if you're not trying to troll.
Doesn't support multiple inheritance, only interface polymophism. The GUI isn't as intuitive and straight forward as one would hope, but at least a tool like Jbuilder can reduce this somewhat.
Java or C++ is probably the best fit for the job, especially when portability is a concern.
Tux is in the kernel optionally and under the experimental tag. Yes, it can cause angst in your system. Being what it is, to run it, you have to take the risk of the server being in the kernel to get the massive improvement in static pages that it does.
Mind you, these are only static pages, so there isn't too much to break, but still...
Your analogy is uselessly misrepresentative.
I am saying in a proper firewall conifguration, a hacker can never get to user space without going through the kernel, which is pointless, because if you have kernel access, who the hell cares about the userspace at all?
Invisible or not, your kernel is still interpreting the packets through the kernel just as before. All you are stopping is:
A. Bad services from being exposed externally, which shouldn't be the role of the firewall anyway.
B. Stops bugs in a NAT server from happening (potentially).
The idea of an invisible firewall may "seem" like a "cool" idea, but in reality, if you see the bow you are hacking or not, it is still there.
Can someone please tell me another difference between an "invisible firewall", and a host with no services and ICMP externally?
PS: How do Invisible Firewalls have PMTU lookups, or is it "assumed" that it will never be a problem?
Hosting services from the kernel is just as insecure as in userspace, but they now have full kernel access. Does ANYONE else see a problem with this??
Ummm... Those newfangled switches are just as insecure as a tight firewall. Instead of hacking a PC firewall, you are just hacking an embeded-whatever firewall.
All of these assumptions have been that "if a user hacks in", but doesn't really delve on the issue.
;-)
They get in from a program misconfigured / bugged, or a kernel bug.
Theoretically, if you want a secure firewall, you won't be running services off it. Seems logical enough. I run ssh, and I still concider that safe enough for my needs, but oh well.
Now, if there are no programs running, which would also be the case of the poster's comments, it still will not protect the machine from kernel attacks. Whatever technique they use, they will find a way in eventually.
So, with a kernel exploit, the hacker can insert code into the kernel directly, hence having higher-than-root access to the machine. They have to be smart enough to write kernel code that actually does something, but if they are smart enough to exploit kernel bugs, then they should be smart enough to do whatever they want from the kernel.
So in effect, the proposed solution, although "safer", is effectively useless, pointless, a waste of my time
One, this is totally off topic, but I cannot resist the urge to "comment" on DAOC love. I Played DAOC after being away from AC for about 4 months, bought it the second batch out.
Items in AC are like EQ, but most of their positive attributes are based on your skill, hence, level.
As to the second part, I like in-game economies like this. It is a very definitive MMORPG feature that I would never live without. It can be restricted, but I would quit if they took it away. It is too boring trading things that you just macro-basket-weave anyway.
In AC, you drop a few of you most valuable items(to be re-looted), and your skills are temporarily lowered until you make more xp. I quit DAOC because I just couldn't level past 11. I didn't put as much patience into it as I could have, but at least it made me apprecite what AC did right from the beginning. So much so, that I went back to AC.
AC doesn't have horses. They have portals to help get around. There may be "zones" in AC technically, but you will never know the diverence. It is an evercontinuous landscape, and the only cut is when entering dungeons. Also, there are like hundreds of places for you to explore. Many are a waste of to the bottom line, xp, items, and money, but they are really fun to explore.
Just decided to throw another game into the mix. It is too often ignored, but a really fun game most of the time.
Not preceived ecommomic value, but real ecomomic value. I know what you are getting at though, and I think that if we trod too deeply down this road, the genre MMORPG should be replaced with MMORLE Massive Multiplayer Online Real Life Extension, buecause it boils down to pathetic geeks (which we are) too afraid to live in the real world. I don't want that to happen. When I play a game, I play to escape the real world, not to extend it.
Second point, the the one who makes the nails has to declair how much that nail was sold for. Theoretically, this could be judged as the monthly subscription fee, or is it judged by the current number of gold coins produced to the world, or it could be a hundred other variables that all exist in Virtual Reality. There only one constant, in that Mythic charges money to "play" their game. There was no negotiation to re-sell the service, and I am pretty sure selling your account is basically a no-no... Ugh this is pointless I will stop now. If people don't get it ro don't want to get it, I am not going to change your mind.
And if any of these games were free markets, then that would be alright, but the point is that they aren't. They are closed and tariffed to death.
Imagine needing to fill out an employment contract with Mythic before playing their game. If you are making money from Mythic, someone is going to get taxed.
All major MMORPG's are in the states, and do think that if they actually pushed to have out-of-game rewards that someone wouldn't have to pay taxes? Bull, and you know that Mythic isn't going to flip the bill, so that is why In-game equity has no real world value, and should be banned by the makers of the games.
If someone wants to break the law and sell thier virtual properties, then that is the individual's choice.
It was brought up when the EQ post came up, but let me repeat my point with some flavor added in to support,
It is just a game. You have no rights to sell a virtual entity which is owned by Mythic without their permission.
I can't believe this community is so outraged in NO having Intelectual property over the characters and items that they creat.. Ironic, you bet.
About the word example, you could only sell it because word allows you unlimited access. Some Compilers don't give you 100% freedom over your code, like Kylix Open Edition. Your code must be GPL. Are you fighting Borland tooth and nail to MAKE them release it under totally free distribution? No.
If you really want ot think about it in a cold work oriented way, You are paying Mythic for the right to use their intellectial property under the restrictions of their EULA.
Personally, I don't care if someone sells items on a web site, or in-game. As long as the financial benefits to the average player are not raised to a viable level, there shouldn't be a disruption in the game itself. People in AC sanctioned or not, have been trading stuff for years out-of-game, and I haven't found any in-game problems related to it. Mind you, EQ and DAOC are more economy based, so I suppose that there might be issues with them.
Although I am just battling semantecs since I am against the law to begin with, but the destrtuctive power of a bomb, or bombs may be mroe powerful than a rifle, but it is surly less powerful than nukes, stealth plains, guided missiles, napalem, and other nasties that the US military has now. If one is to follow the sentiment of the law, then one's populace could overthrow a corruct regeim, etc.. They can't do this fighting rifles agains bombers. Example: Afganistan.
I agree. One side note, wasn't the right to bear arms a right given for comman man the ability to overthrow a corrupt government? I think it needs modernization if to keep up with the times.
;-)
Every citizen should have their own A bomb, ok, maybe two
I can't say that I agree with the principle of the law in this day in age though. When one had just won their indepnedence from the British, it made perfect sense to have the law, since freedom, and self empowerment were big issues then. Nowadays, everyhting is government regulated one way or another. The government has abandoned the point of the law without throwing it out all together. I think there is conservative NRA type forces keeping anti-gun legislations throughout.
If one really wanted to make the "right to bear arms" modern, one would be allowed to build bombs and the such without government regulation at all.
Hey, Hollywood will keep them in business just to make cool looking computers to put in hacker movies, plus they can actually do work on the for the movie. Sometimes in the same shot!
You also get the benefit of using a system many companies target thier products for. You don't see many cad/cam, animation, or 3d programs coming to Apple. Yeah, they are expensive, but they are also highly tuned for their niche
They removed 2k Support last year. Good riddance. I just wish that they would put more heat toward their Linux support. Their open source web site is at: http://oss.sgi.com/ and http://www.sgi.com/linux/
Honestly, I don't have a problem with selling game property, but if it is in the COC not to do it, don't get upset. It isn't like a bad employer holding your cheque back becuase they felt like it or anything. You are not supposed to make money off it, so any proceeds must be concidered a windfall, not a right.