The terrorists staying in Laurel, Maryland, ate at the Pizza Time restaraunt.
After September 11, the company I worked for decided to cut costs and replaced Pappa Johns with Pizza Time for "pizza meetings." I wonder if we're all on a list now...
Gold's "Hot Deep Biosphere" theory is just a theory, and a highly dubious one.
It is only dubious because the other leading theory has big holes. If someone can take living matter and make what passes for crude oil and coal out of it using heat/pressure/etc., that would be different.
Another oilfield refilling article, this one not an editorial.
The fact that the refilling is with light gas and oil speaks to Thomas Gold's hypothesis that typical oil we see is the result of metabloism of pre-planetary hyrdocarbons by specialized bacteria. We know that some kinds of tube worms metabolize hydrocarbons.
Indeed, it is looking like "fossil fuels" are really "fuels you occasionally find fossils in".
I think China has bigger problems ahead - like the transition from autocracy to democracy, socialism to free markets. Remember the Russian space program? Now it is more capitalist than ours, going for money-making things like LEO space tourism, not nutty things like moonbases.
First of all, the "federal surplus" was only a surplus when you counter Social Security taxes, which really should be accounted for separately...especially since it involves significant future unfunded liabilities.
Second, there is this whole recession thing that flatlined Federal tax revenues at the $1.9 trillion level from FY 2000 to FY 2001, and may do the same thing for FY 2002. Previously, tax revenues were rising very quickly.
Imagine there was no AM or FM radio, just ubiquitous wireless networking. Moreover, within an area the size of a city, there was multicasting capability over the network. What would most people tune in to? Bittney Spears, regardless of city.
That is why there is Clear Channel. They have a significant economy of scale in operating multiple multicast (i.e. FM broadcast) operations in multiple cities.
Now if we really had that ubiquitous wireless networking, perhaps small stations playing more "interesting" music could integrate listeners from multiple metropolitan areas (around the world) into a large enough audience to be useful. But in any particular city on its own, they would be unable to break even because of the small size of their audience.
Anyway, I'm not too bothered about the monopolization of the FM broadcast band, because there is always XM, which does provide "interesting" music because they have a nation-wide signal, and a different business model.
That low you don't have enough cycles to work with to encode more than 300-600bps or so
In the AM band, the total allowable channel is about 30 khz wide. The total area outside typical analog broadcasts is 20 khz, but IBOC also adds digital signals in the analog area as well. Using QAM, that gives you 120 kbps. In this day and age, a static-less pop-less 30-40 kbps audio sounds pretty sweet.
BTW, Digital AM and FM are coming very soon, using Ibiquity's IBOC system:
IBOC technology makes use of the existing AM and FM band (In-Band) by adding digital carriers to a radio station's analog signal, allowing broadcasters to transmit digitally on their existing channel assignments (On-Channel). A station will convert to iBiquity Digital's IBOC technology and begin transmitting a simultaneous analog and digital signal, known as the "Hybrid Mode".
While it is true that the signal-processing capability has expanded to the point where it is technically feasible to pack the spectrum more tightly, the premise fails to address either the economic or political feasibility
Two words: software radios.
For instance, at NAB, KLAS-DTV was sending out a 1 Mbps Windows Media Stream multiplexed & encapsulated in their ATSC MPEG-2 stream. Think about that...while we're pretty set on MPEG-2 video codecs for digital television, the truth is that once you go digital and have a programmable receiver, you can send anything.
Corallary: expect DTV stations to look for a wide range of interesting datacasting revenue alternatives to mux in with advertising supported unecnrypted MPEG-2 video.
bandwith by dividing a channel into accesses* on some other dimension (code-division, time-division, etc, spatial-division, etc). But those divisions are limited within their own scope in ways similar to the bandwidth limits of radio-frequency division, and should be regulated in exactly the same way to prevent overlap and interference.
Interference is not noise (it is another signal). That is one of the keys to understanding that the transport capacity of wireless networks increases with the number of nodes, and can get very close to O(nodes). Check out this paper.
Mind you, we're not talking about the old school single-transmitter multiple receiver model, but a wireless network of transmitting/receiving nodes.
Saying that wireless bandwidth is limited is like saying that the total bandwidth of the Internet was 1.544 Mbps when no one used links faster than T-1's. But is is actually more than that when you realize that interference is not noise.
Multicast keeps going. There are now many multicast connected IPV4 networks exchanging MBGP routes, but yes, very few networks multicast down to the end-user.
I've asked a few Internet2 people about multicast, and while the backbone certainly is, the "last mile" to users often is not.
I was recently working for a company that was delivering multicast webcasts from major streaming providers over satellite to ISPs. But most of us were laid off, I don't know what is going on now.
There are a few companies to help you get going with multicast such as Multicast Technologies. Also the GEANT network in Europe is multicast capable. And here is a list of active SDR listings, kind of a "tv guide" for multicast.
But really, I was a resistor in a small branch of a large parallel circuit. Plenty of people die or get very weird injuries from lighting, I'm just lucky.
Maybe that's why I wanted to become an electrical engineer...
Fission weapons are generally two pieces of fissionable material brought together rapidly. Their total mass and orientation must be one where more enough neutrons stay in the material to fission it rather than leave the surface of the material in order to achieve an exponentially increasing rate of fission...i.e. critical mass.
As they approach, neutrons released from spontaneous fissioning begins to fission other atoms, releasing neutrons, chain reaction + heat, etc. If they are brought together too slowly, the fissionable material will simply blow itself apart and no longer be at critical mass, thus not releasing the full possible energy. Thus, the use of explosives for rapid assembly of the critical mass.
In plutonium fission weapons, a shell of material is imploded upon a center core which actually deforms and compresses. This is because the achievement of the non-critical vs. critical mass is a bit touchier than with uranium weapons. (The other side of critical mass is keeping the two masses non-critical until initiation). Uranium weapons are usually "gun type" where a projectile is fired into a stationary target.
In all fission weapons, there is a neutron generator made up of polonium and beryllium that, when crushed at the moment of impact of the two fissionable masses, generates plenty of neutrons to ensure that the fissioning process gets going, otherwise again the two masses may pass by/through each other without achieving optimal criticality.
The new VW cars will not allow you to leave your headlights on (which can occasionally be a problem if you are using them to light up something at night, but I can deal with that), and it also is quite difficult (impossible?) to lock yourself out of the car.
Those are real signals picked up by other microphones. It might be difficult to DSP that.
I can't understand what the guy is asking about, but if this is the problem, the true answer is to use directional mics pointed at people's heads, and put a noise gate on EACH MICROPHONE. Infact, if you really want to do good recording, you should have a noise gate and compressor (and perhaps an expander) on each microphone BEFORE it goes into the mixer. Yes, it costs a lot, but you can get an eight channel block of compressor/gates for $2000 or so.
Alternatively, you can use an automatic mic mixer which picks the loudest mic automagically, but these are really only appropriate for use in a live speach situation, not recording. They tend to sound a bit clunky.
Because if you have 520 ms latency which is the standard for SAT you cannot get more than this speed. TCP window cannot grow more. It is inherent feature of the protocol.
Ah, grasshopper, satellite services may tweak TCP protocol to achieve better throughput, see RFC 1106, RFC 2488, RFC 2760, and there are also proprietary solutions as well.
At the end of the day, all media must be decrypted to plaintext to allow human beings to experience the media.
This plaintext can ALWAYS be intercepted and copied.
Digital technology does not assure that exact duplicate copies can be made of encrypted media...it does mean that reasonble quality copies of the decoded plaintext (decoded in a crypto and compression sense) can be distributed and reproduced in an unlimited fashion without any FURTHER quality degradation.
No way around this, period. If a person can see or hear it, a computer can as well. It will be on gnutella, etc.
Nor do I think there is any watermark that cannot be removed, but this is a theoretical issue currently.
You can build your own ATSC compliant MPEG transport stream recorder/playback with a PC and this PCI card. It even has a DTV tuner as well, so you just hook it up to an antenna.
That said, there is plenty of DTV content out there already. Most major networks have HD primetime programming, and simulcast their analog broadcasts on their digital channel in SD. There are even special HD content producers such as HDNet (backed by Mark Cuban of Broadcast.Com fame)
The web is still dominated by 18-35 males, just because you own AOL and TW doesn't warrant extra revenue spending on overly broad demos.
I don't think you know much about the ad market. 18-35 is the PRIME demo, these people are actually very difficult to snag. Broadcast trends very old (40-60), cable a bit younger (30-50).
But I have bad news - the Net does not trend 18-35 either. It is much older. The young people are busy having a life...present company excepted, of course!;)
Someone should write a P2P file exchanger using Digital Founain over multicast. I'm going to make the assumption that a lot of P2P is multiple people downloading the same file.
Moreover, if you are bothered by the NNTP, you can get a full (20-30 Mbps) news feed via satellite for just a few hundred per month.
Re:Cloudy Days? =No Power?
on
Lunar Power
·
· Score: 2
Whay happens when there's a cloudy day on earth - which is more often than not...
They are talking about 12cm microwaves, no cloud fade (or much rain fade) problem there. You're thinking of higher frequencies such as Ku or Ka where a little water absorbs a lot.
Slashdot Mirror
Most areas of this country can not get broadband
Look for Dial-up acceleration using DTV signals.
BTW, what cable deregulation? Most localities (counties, cities) still only allow a single cable provider.
Plus, think local quality service. A friend of mine is going to shortly offer local broadband to his city.
Hey, the tops of those telephone poles aren't being used - maybe we could use those. Go Global Irradiation!!
Uh, Ricochet units are already on poletops in some areas...but mostly turned off now.
The terrorists staying in Laurel, Maryland, ate at the Pizza Time restaraunt.
After September 11, the company I worked for decided to cut costs and replaced Pappa Johns with Pizza Time for "pizza meetings." I wonder if we're all on a list now...
Gold's "Hot Deep Biosphere" theory is just a theory, and a highly dubious one.
It is only dubious because the other leading theory has big holes. If someone can take living matter and make what passes for crude oil and coal out of it using heat/pressure/etc., that would be different.
But no one can...we can make diamonds, however.
Another oilfield refilling article, this one not an editorial.
The fact that the refilling is with light gas and oil speaks to Thomas Gold's hypothesis that typical oil we see is the result of metabloism of pre-planetary hyrdocarbons by specialized bacteria. We know that some kinds of tube worms metabolize hydrocarbons.
Indeed, it is looking like "fossil fuels" are really "fuels you occasionally find fossils in".
Oh yeah, what about using VNC on Palm V over CDPD wireless from an Amtrak train to diagnose an ailing NT box ;)
I think China has bigger problems ahead - like the transition from autocracy to democracy, socialism to free markets. Remember the Russian space program? Now it is more capitalist than ours, going for money-making things like LEO space tourism, not nutty things like moonbases.
First of all, the "federal surplus" was only a surplus when you counter Social Security taxes, which really should be accounted for separately...especially since it involves significant future unfunded liabilities.
Second, there is this whole recession thing that flatlined Federal tax revenues at the $1.9 trillion level from FY 2000 to FY 2001, and may do the same thing for FY 2002. Previously, tax revenues were rising very quickly.
Imagine there was no AM or FM radio, just ubiquitous wireless networking. Moreover, within an area the size of a city, there was multicasting capability over the network. What would most people tune in to? Bittney Spears, regardless of city.
That is why there is Clear Channel. They have a significant economy of scale in operating multiple multicast (i.e. FM broadcast) operations in multiple cities.
Now if we really had that ubiquitous wireless networking, perhaps small stations playing more "interesting" music could integrate listeners from multiple metropolitan areas (around the world) into a large enough audience to be useful. But in any particular city on its own, they would be unable to break even because of the small size of their audience.
Anyway, I'm not too bothered about the monopolization of the FM broadcast band, because there is always XM, which does provide "interesting" music because they have a nation-wide signal, and a different business model.
That low you don't have enough cycles to work with to encode more than 300-600bps or so
In the AM band, the total allowable channel is about 30 khz wide. The total area outside typical analog broadcasts is 20 khz, but IBOC also adds digital signals in the analog area as well. Using QAM, that gives you 120 kbps. In this day and age, a static-less pop-less 30-40 kbps audio sounds pretty sweet.
BTW, Digital AM and FM are coming very soon, using Ibiquity's IBOC system:
IBOC technology makes use of the existing AM and FM band (In-Band) by adding digital carriers to a radio station's analog signal, allowing broadcasters to transmit digitally on their existing channel assignments (On-Channel). A station will convert to iBiquity Digital's IBOC technology and begin transmitting a simultaneous analog and digital signal, known as the "Hybrid Mode".
AM will soon sound like FM.
While it is true that the signal-processing capability has expanded to the point where it is technically feasible to pack the spectrum more tightly, the premise fails to address either the economic or political feasibility
Two words: software radios.
For instance, at NAB, KLAS-DTV was sending out a 1 Mbps Windows Media Stream multiplexed & encapsulated in their ATSC MPEG-2 stream. Think about that...while we're pretty set on MPEG-2 video codecs for digital television, the truth is that once you go digital and have a programmable receiver, you can send anything.
Corallary: expect DTV stations to look for a wide range of interesting datacasting revenue alternatives to mux in with advertising supported unecnrypted MPEG-2 video.
bandwith by dividing a channel into accesses* on some other dimension (code-division, time-division, etc, spatial-division, etc). But those divisions are limited within their own scope in ways similar to the bandwidth limits of radio-frequency division, and should be regulated in exactly the same way to prevent overlap and interference.
Interference is not noise (it is another signal). That is one of the keys to understanding that the transport capacity of wireless networks increases with the number of nodes, and can get very close to O(nodes). Check out this paper.
Mind you, we're not talking about the old school single-transmitter multiple receiver model, but a wireless network of transmitting/receiving nodes.
Saying that wireless bandwidth is limited is like saying that the total bandwidth of the Internet was 1.544 Mbps when no one used links faster than T-1's. But is is actually more than that when you realize that interference is not noise.
Multicast keeps going. There are now many multicast connected IPV4 networks exchanging MBGP routes, but yes, very few networks multicast down to the end-user.
I've asked a few Internet2 people about multicast, and while the backbone certainly is, the "last mile" to users often is not.
I was recently working for a company that was delivering multicast webcasts from major streaming providers over satellite to ISPs. But most of us were laid off, I don't know what is going on now.
There are a few companies to help you get going with multicast such as Multicast Technologies. Also the GEANT network in Europe is multicast capable. And here is a list of active SDR listings, kind of a "tv guide" for multicast.
I was struck by lightning...not too bad ;)
But really, I was a resistor in a small branch of a large parallel circuit. Plenty of people die or get very weird injuries from lighting, I'm just lucky.
Maybe that's why I wanted to become an electrical engineer...
Fission weapons are generally two pieces of fissionable material brought together rapidly. Their total mass and orientation must be one where more enough neutrons stay in the material to fission it rather than leave the surface of the material in order to achieve an exponentially increasing rate of fission...i.e. critical mass.
As they approach, neutrons released from spontaneous fissioning begins to fission other atoms, releasing neutrons, chain reaction + heat, etc. If they are brought together too slowly, the fissionable material will simply blow itself apart and no longer be at critical mass, thus not releasing the full possible energy. Thus, the use of explosives for rapid assembly of the critical mass.
In plutonium fission weapons, a shell of material is imploded upon a center core which actually deforms and compresses. This is because the achievement of the non-critical vs. critical mass is a bit touchier than with uranium weapons. (The other side of critical mass is keeping the two masses non-critical until initiation). Uranium weapons are usually "gun type" where a projectile is fired into a stationary target.
In all fission weapons, there is a neutron generator made up of polonium and beryllium that, when crushed at the moment of impact of the two fissionable masses, generates plenty of neutrons to ensure that the fissioning process gets going, otherwise again the two masses may pass by/through each other without achieving optimal criticality.
The new VW cars will not allow you to leave your headlights on (which can occasionally be a problem if you are using them to light up something at night, but I can deal with that), and it also is quite difficult (impossible?) to lock yourself out of the car.
Those are real signals picked up by other microphones. It might be difficult to DSP that.
I can't understand what the guy is asking about, but if this is the problem, the true answer is to use directional mics pointed at people's heads, and put a noise gate on EACH MICROPHONE. Infact, if you really want to do good recording, you should have a noise gate and compressor (and perhaps an expander) on each microphone BEFORE it goes into the mixer. Yes, it costs a lot, but you can get an eight channel block of compressor/gates for $2000 or so.
Alternatively, you can use an automatic mic mixer which picks the loudest mic automagically, but these are really only appropriate for use in a live speach situation, not recording. They tend to sound a bit clunky.
...and FreeBSD/Dummynet is just a LITTLE CHEAPER than Packeteer...
Because if you have 520 ms latency which is the standard for SAT you cannot get more than this speed. TCP window cannot grow more. It is inherent feature of the protocol.
Ah, grasshopper, satellite services may tweak TCP protocol to achieve better throughput, see RFC 1106, RFC 2488, RFC 2760, and there are also proprietary solutions as well.
At the end of the day, all media must be decrypted to plaintext to allow human beings to experience the media.
This plaintext can ALWAYS be intercepted and copied.
Digital technology does not assure that exact duplicate copies can be made of encrypted media...it does mean that reasonble quality copies of the decoded plaintext (decoded in a crypto and compression sense) can be distributed and reproduced in an unlimited fashion without any FURTHER quality degradation.
No way around this, period. If a person can see or hear it, a computer can as well. It will be on gnutella, etc.
Nor do I think there is any watermark that cannot be removed, but this is a theoretical issue currently.
You can build your own ATSC compliant MPEG transport stream recorder/playback with a PC and this PCI card. It even has a DTV tuner as well, so you just hook it up to an antenna.
That said, there is plenty of DTV content out there already. Most major networks have HD primetime programming, and simulcast their analog broadcasts on their digital channel in SD. There are even special HD content producers such as HDNet (backed by Mark Cuban of Broadcast.Com fame)
The web is still dominated by 18-35 males, just because you own AOL and TW doesn't warrant extra revenue spending on overly broad demos.
;)
I don't think you know much about the ad market. 18-35 is the PRIME demo, these people are actually very difficult to snag. Broadcast trends very old (40-60), cable a bit younger (30-50).
But I have bad news - the Net does not trend 18-35 either. It is much older. The young people are busy having a life...present company excepted, of course!
Someone should write a P2P file exchanger using Digital Founain over multicast. I'm going to make the assumption that a lot of P2P is multiple people downloading the same file.
Moreover, if you are bothered by the NNTP, you can get a full (20-30 Mbps) news feed via satellite for just a few hundred per month.
Whay happens when there's a cloudy day on earth - which is more often than not...
They are talking about 12cm microwaves, no cloud fade (or much rain fade) problem there. You're thinking of higher frequencies such as Ku or Ka where a little water absorbs a lot.