How loud it is in the headphones depends on the output of the amplifier, which depends on how loud the volume is turned up as well as the efficiency of the phones, and a lot of other things as well.
I find a lot of the music I have on my phone is barely audible at the volume limit that requires me to press a button to OK it in case I go deaf. My headphones have good sound quality but presumably are not very sensitive, but the volume of the original recordings clearly varies by over 20dB.
There is clearly no international standard for how many millivolts produces how many dB, and never will be, because it is a stupid idea. However, not as stupid as the report that led to this article. If you need a plan for how to cope with the stupid children of stupid parents this is NOT it! I am pretty sure that very few headphones are as loud as the London Underground trains, but children regularly travel by train.
Disclaimer: I have spent the last week measuring the noise in the server room.
This is not really true. The type of polution from engines is heavily influenced by politics. And politics determined that minimising CO2 was more important than the consequences for NOx. Diesel engines used to run without making ANY NOx. However, because of the political need to reduce CO2, they were modified to minimise CO2 regardless of the consequences for NOx.
Totally separately, if you don't have a particulate filter, the particulates are pretty bad. The type of filter that has been widely used depends on burning off the particulates. It is quite easy to design other kinds, but, AFAIK, this type is mandated by law. And it has major problems.
Petrol (Gasoline) engines are significantly worse with regard to all types of emissions but the clean-up solutions in use work a bit better.
Banning diesels will not turn out well. Banning older diesels instead of fitting them with an effective particulate filter is what has caused the current problems. But there is no way the world's politicians will admit they caused the disaster when they can blame the auto industry. And no way America will admit gasoline is worse than diesel.
A real thin client deployment should have full management backing and a concrete criteria for establishing "need" for a thick PC
Way to go - sabotage the volume sales of PCs - that will help the prices a lot.
I'll give up my desktop just as soon as I can have a 32inch 4K screen, full size hardware keyboard and an internal 1/2" tape drive on my phone. I have an A3 duplex colour printer and my current UPS weighs 40kg - OK, so its not very portable. I work at a desk, and then I stop working and go somewhere else. You may want to work 24 hours a day. I don't.
So, for a backup to really help, it has to carefully separate code and data
You don't backup the code anyway - its much faster to reinstall from source. I can reinstall OpenBSD and the relevant packages in under an hour. (Yes, I have tried). It helps to keep a script to reinstall all required packages. A tape restore would take 2 1/2 hours. Of course, you may need to do that anyway if the data is compromised. (I assume the disk backups are compromised - if not, obviously it would be quicker, and less data lost to restore them).
These attacks need to be stopped before they happen, not recovered from.
I say Redmond should be nuked from high orbit - its the only way to be sure!
If I had the time and money, I could make a pneumatic version of the PDP8 in a garage (live in London, and cannot currently afford a garage). It would be about the same size as a PDP8/S and might even go as fast! (Using 8E architecture). Read/write paper tape only - no pneumatic TU56's!
PDP8 architecture was open source. I think the PDP11/20 was too. I believe Sparc is also open source, even Sparc64, although actual processors like Sun/Oracle/Fujitsu's are not because there is a lot of extra stuff (glue, peripherals) that are not.
I had several PDP11s, at least one of which I used as a personal computer, and they all came with schematics. In fact, DEC supplied complete details of how they worked. I think it was probably necessary before LSI, and people expected it long after.
I had PC schematics, and BIOS listings. I am fairly sure I had Schematics for the Intel 8080 development system, two different 6502 development systems, and a 16 bit National Semis development system which we used as a word processor.
Bill Gates is personally responsible for ending the distribution of schematics.
I don't think you have ever used an 18 bit computer! Bytes are not part of the plot!
There is a possibility of storing 3 six-bit chars in the 18-bits, but they sure are not bytes.
If you did process bytes with this kind of machine, you probably stored one per word - cos there
was no easy means to pack and unpack the bytes. More likely, the machine was designed before the byte was invented (it started with the IBM system 360).
For many people the base-cost of living: the rent, the energy bills, the property taxes, the children - those will all continue at the same levels as before
However, for people in the UK, the cost of food (which is already taking up 30% of the income of many families) will likely double over the next 2 years - we import 3/4 of our food and we have just demolished our means of paying for imports, and the credibility of our currency.
Rent may not go up, or it may, but since houses are already unaffordable (average income is £20,000. Average house costs £450,000) this is a non issue. Twice in the last week I have been in the presence of politicians saying how "1/3 of new housing is going to be affordable" and they have looked baffled when I explain that this means 2/3 of it will be unaffordable.
The problem is not that he/she can't learn. Its that he has zero confidence that "retraining" (to do something he already knows how to do) will get him a job when the actual problem is ageism.
I have learned to do several new jobs after the age of 50. The jobs are either unobtainable due to ageism, or the rate of pay has collapsed. (I am still doing another course - but expecting to work for myself this time).
Sixteen four bit registers is not what you think...
That holds ONE sixteen digit decimal number - or, marginally more usefully, two eight digit ones (unsigned, of course). The instructions were 8-bits wide. That is what you call RISC!
If you really want to experience the true horrors of an early 4-bit micro, you can probably still get the National Semiconductors COP range. I used the high end parts to implement ASCII pagers, an ECG, and several selective calling radios (a kind of primitive cellphone) - including a software modem for the pagers.
And all with about 16k bytes of code. I dont know what you young whipper-snappers are doing with megabytes of code, but I think you should probably stop it right away!
I doubt it. It was made for a specific product, for which it was inadequate. It was barely able to implement a four function calculator, and needed a lot of support logic to do that.
Slashdot Mirror
I find a lot of the music I have on my phone is barely audible at the volume limit that requires me to press a button to OK it in case I go deaf. My headphones have good sound quality but presumably are not very sensitive, but the volume of the original recordings clearly varies by over 20dB.
There is clearly no international standard for how many millivolts produces how many dB, and never will be, because it is a stupid idea. However, not as stupid as the report that led to this article. If you need a plan for how to cope with the stupid children of stupid parents this is NOT it! I am pretty sure that very few headphones are as loud as the London Underground trains, but children regularly travel by train.
Disclaimer: I have spent the last week measuring the noise in the server room.
we should go back to using ASCII ;-}
For those who need pictograms, there is Kanji - well tried and tested, and stable for over 3,000 years.
Disney fans may need emojis. A lot of others probably need literacy.
This, a thousand times, this.
but you forgot to add self-important politicians - times 10,000.
This is not really true. The type of polution from engines is heavily influenced by politics. And politics determined that minimising CO2 was more important than the consequences for NOx. Diesel engines used to run without making ANY NOx. However, because of the political need to reduce CO2, they were modified to minimise CO2 regardless of the consequences for NOx.
Totally separately, if you don't have a particulate filter, the particulates are pretty bad. The type of filter that has been widely used depends on burning off the particulates. It is quite easy to design other kinds, but, AFAIK, this type is mandated by law. And it has major problems.
Petrol (Gasoline) engines are significantly worse with regard to all types of emissions but the clean-up solutions in use work a bit better.
Banning diesels will not turn out well. Banning older diesels instead of fitting them with an effective particulate filter is what has caused the current problems. But there is no way the world's politicians will admit they caused the disaster when they can blame the auto industry. And no way America will admit gasoline is worse than diesel.
I am bitterly disappointed. I was hoping we could be moved somewhere near Hawaii. Bali. Or anywhere warmer, with better food, and further from France.
Way to go - sabotage the volume sales of PCs - that will help the prices a lot.
I'll give up my desktop just as soon as I can have a 32inch 4K screen, full size hardware keyboard and an internal 1/2" tape drive on my phone. I have an A3 duplex colour printer and my current UPS weighs 40kg - OK, so its not very portable. I work at a desk, and then I stop working and go somewhere else. You may want to work 24 hours a day. I don't.
FTFY
Yet.
You don't backup the code anyway - its much faster to reinstall from source. I can reinstall OpenBSD and the relevant packages in under an hour. (Yes, I have tried). It helps to keep a script to reinstall all required packages. A tape restore would take 2 1/2 hours. Of course, you may need to do that anyway if the data is compromised. (I assume the disk backups are compromised - if not, obviously it would be quicker, and less data lost to restore them).
These attacks need to be stopped before they happen, not recovered from.
I say Redmond should be nuked from high orbit - its the only way to be sure!
Maybe not on your planet, but on mine ....
If I had the time and money, I could make a pneumatic version of the PDP8 in a garage (live in London, and cannot currently afford a garage). It would be about the same size as a PDP8/S and might even go as fast! (Using 8E architecture). Read/write paper tape only - no pneumatic TU56's!
PDP8 architecture was open source. I think the PDP11/20 was too. I believe Sparc is also open source, even Sparc64, although actual processors like Sun/Oracle/Fujitsu's are not because there is a lot of extra stuff (glue, peripherals) that are not.
I had PC schematics, and BIOS listings. I am fairly sure I had Schematics for the Intel 8080 development system, two different 6502 development systems, and a 16 bit National Semis development system which we used as a word processor.
Bill Gates is personally responsible for ending the distribution of schematics.
The other half probably tried it, and decided it was not good for their privacy.
There is a possibility of storing 3 six-bit chars in the 18-bits, but they sure are not bytes.
If you did process bytes with this kind of machine, you probably stored one per word - cos there was no easy means to pack and unpack the bytes. More likely, the machine was designed before the byte was invented (it started with the IBM system 360).
Intel style needed 7 clocks per instruction. Motorola (6800, 6502) required 1 or two clocks depending on the instruction.
I would fire anyone working for me that ordered a Microsoft product. (I would shoot them if they ordered Oracle software).
Those are GBP, not Australian pounds or Angstrom units. Slashdot clearly has a vacancy for a robot that can do web design.
However, for people in the UK, the cost of food (which is already taking up 30% of the income of many families) will likely double over the next 2 years - we import 3/4 of our food and we have just demolished our means of paying for imports, and the credibility of our currency.
Rent may not go up, or it may, but since houses are already unaffordable (average income is £20,000. Average house costs £450,000) this is a non issue. Twice in the last week I have been in the presence of politicians saying how "1/3 of new housing is going to be affordable" and they have looked baffled when I explain that this means 2/3 of it will be unaffordable.
The problem is not that he/she can't learn. Its that he has zero confidence that "retraining" (to do something he already knows how to do) will get him a job when the actual problem is ageism.
I have learned to do several new jobs after the age of 50. The jobs are either unobtainable due to ageism, or the rate of pay has collapsed. (I am still doing another course - but expecting to work for myself this time).
Run Linux? Not even Baudot. It can't handle a keyboard with more than 16 keys.
That holds ONE sixteen digit decimal number - or, marginally more usefully, two eight digit ones (unsigned, of course). The instructions were 8-bits wide. That is what you call RISC!
If you really want to experience the true horrors of an early 4-bit micro, you can probably still get the National Semiconductors COP range. I used the high end parts to implement ASCII pagers, an ECG, and several selective calling radios (a kind of primitive cellphone) - including a software modem for the pagers.
And all with about 16k bytes of code. I dont know what you young whipper-snappers are doing with megabytes of code, but I think you should probably stop it right away!
I doubt it. It was made for a specific product, for which it was inadequate. It was barely able to implement a four function calculator, and needed a lot of support logic to do that.
FTFY
Well, not till Trump is in the White House, anyway!
Supercomputer? I, for one, claim it is a Celeron.