The clock, in the case of computing, can be considered akin to a metrognome in music.
Each process takes a finite number of "ticks" of the system clock.
A synchronus system means that ALL processes within the system are timed by the same physical clock, meaning that they are all basically synchronized!
An asynchronus system means that different parts of the system run off different clocks, which may run at different frequencies (well, they will always run at slightly different frequencies" or different phases, which simplistically means that we have to store data in a buffer until the "reading" clock catches up with the "writing" clock...
How do you test software for EVERY eventuality, on every system, with every other piece of software running?
Now, copy a dozen paragraphs, by hand, out of a newspaper into a wordprocessor. How many mistakes did you make? Your spell checker will pick up some of them, but others slip through the tools.
Why does it need enforcing? It's a opt-in system.
If you want loads of spam, then go ahead, use the old method or devise your own protocol.
Then, you won't be able to communicate with those of us who have opted to use the micropayment protocol and reduce our spam levels.
In general, I think it's a great concept, as long as I can build up some level of credit to cover my emails when I'm broke (i.e. after using the protocol for a while, my trust rating goes up and I can send emails based on that - still virtually charge me, but don't cause me to have real bank overdrafts).
I also know that Firefox has a pretty good spam filter, but I still spend a good proportion of my time traiing it to deal with new spam email and I can't help but think that after a while the micropayment protocol will be more efficient than others because the signal to noise ratio improves...
Ummmm, This is 2005 and in America you preach about so-called freedom, yet you have very little.
Here is a simple guide:
*The company dislikes tats - don't work for them *The company dislikes piercings - don't work for them * The company only likes natural hair color - Don't work for them
You have a choice and while I think that if you have a customer-facing job, you should dress appropriately, you should not be a slave to the system in an everyday cube-based job. Does your appearance affect your productivity? In most cases, no.
I don't do drugs (apart from beer), but I still refuse to piss in a cup for any employer. I can't trust someone who doesn't trust me.
It's your choice - be a slave to corporate America, or work for a decent company - hell, Google, will even let you bring your pets to work...
I would imagine that the memory is like FLASH in that it's fully erasable, so no security worries there. I also would imagine that the battery life is like 30 minutes or something and that gets replaced if they do refurbish the units for the next user...
yes.
But the paper was/is devoted to finding out how best to kill a lab rat while leaving it's body intact. You can shoot the thing because you'll have no body to test. You can't poison the rat because that will upset the endocrine system and possibly the nervous system of the rat.
So they decided to literally place the rat between a waveguide and bombard it with 2.4GHz @ 2W...
1.8GHz and 900MHz were also pretty good - hmmmm, I wonder what uses those frequencies?
Yes only 2W!!
Don't you ever wonder why when they looked at cell phone and bluetooth frequencies, there were these astonishing gaps in the spectrum that weren't being used for anything?
A normal (non-wireless) headset will simply act as an antenna and the radiation will be strongest at the tip of the antenna, which is now IN your ear rather than just next to it.
Bluetooth uses 2.4GHz frequencies, which according to a 1980's IEEE paper (I have a hardcopy around here sonewhere) is the PERFECT frequency to kill a lab rat, whilst leaving it's body intact.
Now, the radiation conforms to the inverse-square rule, so getting the equipment away from your head is the best way to avoid exposure, but it annoys the hell out of everyone else who has to listen to your conversations...
Just gotta be a geek and point out the humor in your sig.
This joke appeared in the 2nd edition of K&R. If you look up "recursion" in the index, you get pointed to page 269 (how geeky am I for remembering the page number?), which, of course, is the page on which the index reference to recursion is printed...
Well, OK, your company dropped it.
I work for a large FPGA company and being US based, we primarily write in Verilog - however, the RoW seems to ask for VHDL an awful lot...
I disagree on the "more difficult to learn" comment. It may be more difficult for a SW engineer, but for a HW engineer it makes much more sense. Actually, most of the SW folks I know will agree that VHDL will not let you hang yourself in the same manner as Verilog.
(And without being nasty, read your sig - you should practice what you preach:-)
1. Verilog is by far the worst of the two languages (In a similar history to Betamax video, the worst standard won the fight, mainly as it was adopted by the US military contractors such as Raetheon and Harris)
2. It may be industry standard here in the US, but the rest of the world uses VHDL
Ahhh, which brings me to one of the geekiest (and my favorite) "Easter Eggs"...
If you refer to the New Testament, and look in the index for "Recursion", the last reference points you to page 269.
Erm, well not really. It it true that fully synchronous networks, such as SONET, use very accurate clocks.
The Cesium clocks used provide a reference which is standardized as Stratum 1, which means that it has less than 1x10^-11 errors in frequency at any time.
The Stratum 1 clocks are used as the Gateway/Backbone timing clocks with "lesser" clocks being used as the network moves toward the customer premises (Stratum 3E clocks have less than 1x10^-8 errors per day).
However, the accuracy of the clocks does not affect the top speed of the medium used to transmit the signals.
Having said that, the accuracy of the clock can affect the jitter, wander etc. and therefore lead to bit errors between sender and receiver thus reducing the total "throughput" of the system. So reducing errors by having greater accuracy clocks theoretically increases the system throughput, but I don't think that this is what you meant in your question.
Also, you'd have to weigh the cost of the new clock against the throughput increase to see if it was worth the trouble - I'm guessing probably not...
Slashdot Mirror
Really bad explanation by the parent!
The clock, in the case of computing, can be considered akin to a metrognome in music.
Each process takes a finite number of "ticks" of the system clock.
A synchronus system means that ALL processes within the system are timed by the same physical clock, meaning that they are all basically synchronized!
An asynchronus system means that different parts of the system run off different clocks, which may run at different frequencies (well, they will always run at slightly different frequencies" or different phases, which simplistically means that we have to store data in a buffer until the "reading" clock catches up with the "writing" clock...
How do you test software for EVERY eventuality, on every system, with every other piece of software running?
Now, copy a dozen paragraphs, by hand, out of a newspaper into a wordprocessor. How many mistakes did you make? Your spell checker will pick up some of them, but others slip through the tools.
See? QED
You still use 'phones with lines?
Tsk. That's Sooooo 1980's...
Why does it need enforcing? It's a opt-in system. If you want loads of spam, then go ahead, use the old method or devise your own protocol.
Then, you won't be able to communicate with those of us who have opted to use the micropayment protocol and reduce our spam levels.
In general, I think it's a great concept, as long as I can build up some level of credit to cover my emails when I'm broke (i.e. after using the protocol for a while, my trust rating goes up and I can send emails based on that - still virtually charge me, but don't cause me to have real bank overdrafts).
I also know that Firefox has a pretty good spam filter, but I still spend a good proportion of my time traiing it to deal with new spam email and I can't help but think that after a while the micropayment protocol will be more efficient than others because the signal to noise ratio improves...
Ummmm, This is 2005 and in America you preach about so-called freedom, yet you have very little.
Here is a simple guide:
*The company dislikes tats - don't work for them
*The company dislikes piercings - don't work for them
* The company only likes natural hair color - Don't work for them
You have a choice and while I think that if you have a customer-facing job, you should dress appropriately, you should not be a slave to the system in an everyday cube-based job. Does your appearance affect your productivity? In most cases, no.
I don't do drugs (apart from beer), but I still refuse to piss in a cup for any employer. I can't trust someone who doesn't trust me.
It's your choice - be a slave to corporate America, or work for a decent company - hell, Google, will even let you bring your pets to work...
Paris? Is that you?
I would imagine that the memory is like FLASH in that it's fully erasable, so no security worries there. I also would imagine that the battery life is like 30 minutes or something and that gets replaced if they do refurbish the units for the next user...
...back in the '70's we used to laugh and ridicule the Russians for having to carry around their "papers" for inspection at anytime...
Conversely, remember when the USA had a War on Drugs and now because of that you can't buy drugs anymore?
yes. But the paper was/is devoted to finding out how best to kill a lab rat while leaving it's body intact. You can shoot the thing because you'll have no body to test. You can't poison the rat because that will upset the endocrine system and possibly the nervous system of the rat. So they decided to literally place the rat between a waveguide and bombard it with 2.4GHz @ 2W... 1.8GHz and 900MHz were also pretty good - hmmmm, I wonder what uses those frequencies? Yes only 2W!! Don't you ever wonder why when they looked at cell phone and bluetooth frequencies, there were these astonishing gaps in the spectrum that weren't being used for anything?
Well, it doesn't matter where you put YOUR cell phone, because it's only 1 phone ;-)
However, the point you were trying to make is if you has a room full of people using cell phones...
Remember - this is inverse square law - it's asymptotic...
Using a headset is not the answer IMHO...
A normal (non-wireless) headset will simply act as an antenna and the radiation will be strongest at the tip of the antenna, which is now IN your ear rather than just next to it.
Bluetooth uses 2.4GHz frequencies, which according to a 1980's IEEE paper (I have a hardcopy around here sonewhere) is the PERFECT frequency to kill a lab rat, whilst leaving it's body intact.
Now, the radiation conforms to the inverse-square rule, so getting the equipment away from your head is the best way to avoid exposure, but it annoys the hell out of everyone else who has to listen to your conversations...
I HATE those damn Nextel walkie-talkie's!!!
Just gotta be a geek and point out the humor in your sig.
This joke appeared in the 2nd edition of K&R. If you look up "recursion" in the index, you get pointed to page 269 (how geeky am I for remembering the page number?), which, of course, is the page on which the index reference to recursion is printed...
Brilliant!
Now you know why they're called "Boobytraps"
Hey, hey, hey!
Microsoft DID release another product that didn't suck...
It was a vacuum cleaner...
Well, OK, your company dropped it. I work for a large FPGA company and being US based, we primarily write in Verilog - however, the RoW seems to ask for VHDL an awful lot... I disagree on the "more difficult to learn" comment. It may be more difficult for a SW engineer, but for a HW engineer it makes much more sense. Actually, most of the SW folks I know will agree that VHDL will not let you hang yourself in the same manner as Verilog. (And without being nasty, read your sig - you should practice what you preach :-)
I'd also recommend checking out the usenet group comp.arch.fpga . Most folks on there are a helpful bunch.
:-)
Of course, I also wouldn't recommend Xilinx, but I'm biased - I work for their competition
1. Verilog is by far the worst of the two languages (In a similar history to Betamax video, the worst standard won the fight, mainly as it was adopted by the US military contractors such as Raetheon and Harris) 2. It may be industry standard here in the US, but the rest of the world uses VHDL
Ahhh, which brings me to one of the geekiest (and my favorite) "Easter Eggs"...
If you refer to the New Testament, and look in the index for "Recursion", the last reference points you to page 269.
Guess which page you are on?
Brilliant!
Note: It doesn't occur in the Old Testament.
Yes, but million-to-one chances prove correct 99% of the time....
Thanks, but the original www.iarchitects.com is *not* back online per se. It's some portal with "sponored links" to crap...
Alas, this site is no longer updated, but it still serves as my very favorite "UI Hell" page...
e ring/iarchitect/index-1.htm
http://digilander.libero.it/chiediloapippo/Engine
Check out the hall of shame section, it's hilarious!
PS - this link is a mirror of the original site
Erm, No...It works just fine for me
Crashed once when I visted MSN's newsbot...
BUt otherwise, it's great...
Erm, well not really.
It it true that fully synchronous networks, such as SONET, use very accurate clocks.
The Cesium clocks used provide a reference which is standardized as Stratum 1, which means that it has less than 1x10^-11 errors in frequency at any time.
The Stratum 1 clocks are used as the Gateway/Backbone timing clocks with "lesser" clocks being used as the network moves toward the customer premises (Stratum 3E clocks have less than 1x10^-8 errors per day).
However, the accuracy of the clocks does not affect the top speed of the medium used to transmit the signals.
Having said that, the accuracy of the clock can affect the jitter, wander etc. and therefore lead to bit errors between sender and receiver thus reducing the total "throughput" of the system. So reducing errors by having greater accuracy clocks theoretically increases the system throughput, but I don't think that this is what you meant in your question.
Also, you'd have to weigh the cost of the new clock against the throughput increase to see if it was worth the trouble - I'm guessing probably not...
I've never had a problem rendering Slashdot in Firefox.
I just fired it up in both IE and Firefox and they look exactly the same...
What's a library?