Right, but that determines the frequency of the current pulses through the CPU and other chips. A higher frequency generates more energy, which creates more heat.
You're correct about the direct frequency heat relationship, but the above statement isnt very very clear.
In current semiconductors, a device (eg transistor) wastes very little energy in the ON (conducting) or OFF (non-conducting) states. Power = V * I, and in the conducting state, the voltage accross the junction is very low. In the non-conducting state, the current is very low.
Now, when you switch a semiconductor, there is a brief moment during transition when both the voltage and current are at intermediate values. The power consumption during this part of the transition spikes.
Faster clock speeds = more transitions = more power spikes and higher average power consumptions. It's that simple.
It follows that you can lower the consumtion by reducing the voltage, or making the transitions shorter (smaller, faster switching devices).
And where are you going to get energy for that beam producing satellite? If it were that easy, they'd just heat a propellant directly and do away with the sail.
This is the basis of ion engines and similar (eg nuclear) engines - using either heat or electricity to get a propellant to very high velocities. The problem is getting enough power to supply them.
Rotating your orbital plane 90-degrees, for example, requires that you reduce your vector velocity in one axis to zero, while raising the vector velocity in the perpendicular axis to the original amount. So, how much energy did it take to get your original vector velocity? That's right, the whole launch amount. So to turn 90 degrees, you'll need two complete launches worth of fuel and expendibles
Are you sure?
A body in orbit allready has the required velociity. In order to achieve that velocity you need to turn the potential enercy of the rocket fuel into the kinetic energy of the spacecraft. I think we both agree on this.
By changing the direction (velocity vector) by 90 degrees, there is no change in kinetic energy. The situation is actually a change in momentum - you shoot propellant out in one direction (sideways), and there is an equivalent reaction on the spacecraft in order to satisfy conservation of momentum.
Unlike kinetic energy (mass times the square of the velocity), momentum is a linear function - mass times velocity. At the high velocities involved in orbits, this turns out to be a truly massive differnce.
More to the point, you only get decompression sickness when you experience a large, rapid depressurisation. Nitrogen cant dissipate fast enough and you get bubbles in your tissue. For SCUBA purposes, this is pretty unlikely if you're less than 2atm (10m depth).
If you're going from 1atm in the habitat/station to 1 atm in the suit, I wouldnt think the change is severe enough.
My concern is that the induced eddy currents in any conductive component will cause heating. In order to avoid this, the power levels would be quite low - so charging would be slow.
Floppy drives maybe, but not hard drives. From what i've read, the magnetic flux densities you'd need to wipe a hard drive from a distance (greater than millimetres) would tear the drive apart. I doubt the pad would be that strong.
Do you really want to strap strong or high frequency oscillating magnetic fields to your head in order to recharge?
Stong magnetic fields have been know to do some strange thing to brain tissue. They use it instead of electrotherapy these days (though it may be orders of magnitude more powerfull).
Interestingly, there's one aspect of TV's that any moron can understand - the visual quility. If the TV's are side by side in the store, the consumner can compare visual quality and decide the appropriate price point.
Most people dont "need" to know what the underlying technology is as long as they are made aware of any associated problems (eg bulb cost, screen life etc).
I have mod points, but I see you've allready atracted a few.
I agree completely, it's the wrong kind metric for that type of measurement. What would be more interesting is a max distance using some standard or class limit power level.
Im involved in Community Wireless Networking, and in australia we have a max EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) of 4W. The dig deal is to see how far you can go on that max power limit (which usually involves low TX power and high gain antennas). 40 and 50km is not unheard of, and I think the record is around 60 or 80km.
The problem with backhoes is thery are: 1) Worked so hard and long (due to fiancial pressures) that their joins develop slop 2) The hydraulic valves only have a limited amount of proportional control
With a well maintained machine and good proportinal control valves, hydraulic force can be applied very smoothly and controllably. The power/size radio is incredible and is really required for something like this.
There's no need for user input. I do work for several large organisation and as part of their security measures, logging in remotely requires an RSA secureID (little key fob thing).
Basically this thing generates a number on it's LCD screen every 60 seconds, and that is time synchronised to the customer's authentication servers. When you combine your username, 4 digit pin number and this RSA secureID number, it is very secure.
I cant see this being particularly difficult/expensive for banks to implement when you consider the costs of phishing.
That's a ridiculous assumption to make. It's most likely got so many wheels because it needs serious traction for such acceleration. If you look at racing vehicles that have incredible acceleration, you see absolutely HUGE rear wheels. Increasing the number of standard wheels is a more practical way to get the increased traction needed.
Personally i would have assumed that the number of wheels was to provide enough power without requiring a mechanical trasmission - 8 smaller motors coupled directly to each wheel (or built inside each wheel).
You can use GhostWriter (based on ghostscript) to print to PDF from any windows application (inluding MS Office). I run it on my work XP laptop and it is very easy to use.
I tried to find a link for GhostWriter but couldnt see anything obvious. It is related to GhostView\GSView so it's a good start.
In Australia, many Eucalyptus species (Gum Trees) require fire to germinate their seeds. The fire is good because it eliminates competitors, and leaves a fertile ash for the seed to grow in.
Even though they are extemently energetic, they tend to do very little harm since:
1) The charged particle component of cosmic rays is sheilded by the Earth's magnetic field 2) The uncharged (neutron) component of cosmic rays does not interact with matter very much - it is very penetrating simpley because it passes through most matter without colliding with anything. 3) Gamma rays, like neutrons, tend to pass though quite a bit of matter without actually interacting with it.
Or more simply, we are transparent to alot of the radiation that does reach us.
You're correct in thinking that water is just used for the transport of heat. It allows you to situate a much larger, heavier radiator/fan away from the CPU.
You cant use a long piece of metal because it is not conductive enough....however there is an alternative. Heatpipes are 1000 times more conductive than copper of the same diameter, so they are a perfect solution. Many compact cases now use this method.
fan is still a fan, and my 120mm fans even on low rpms are loud...especially when placed outside of the case. but another thing to consider is the pump...that's a small fan or fan wheel that's at a VERY high rpm in order to move the appropriate ammount of water through the system.
I disagree.
I run a watercooled system, and my homemade case has mesh sides which do nothing to stop the noise. From my personal experience (as opposed to speculation):
* My Ehiem pump is virtually silent (seriously) * The 2 x 120mm AC fans are quite quiet, and have a low frequency wooshing sound which is gentle on the ears. * The cooling system is quieter than the HDD * The whole system is quieter than the 60mm stock fan on my wife's PC.
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The solar tower can exploit temerature changes that occur at both day and night.
Then the solution is simple!
All nuclear reactors should grind up their waste and send it up a stack. The NIMBY freaks have been fine with that method for ages!
How about the construction of 100's of thousands of kilometers of power lines? The telephone system? Intercontinental communications links?
Just a few ideas - no evidence as to their cost but they would be pretty significant.
And a coal/nuclear powerstation is differnt how?
Right, but that determines the frequency of the current pulses through the CPU and other chips. A higher frequency generates more energy, which creates more heat.
You're correct about the direct frequency heat relationship, but the above statement isnt very very clear.
In current semiconductors, a device (eg transistor) wastes very little energy in the ON (conducting) or OFF (non-conducting) states. Power = V * I, and in the conducting state, the voltage accross the junction is very low. In the non-conducting state, the current is very low.
Now, when you switch a semiconductor, there is a brief moment during transition when both the voltage and current are at intermediate values. The power consumption during this part of the transition spikes.
Faster clock speeds = more transitions = more power spikes and higher average power consumptions. It's that simple.
It follows that you can lower the consumtion by reducing the voltage, or making the transitions shorter (smaller, faster switching devices).
And where are you going to get energy for that beam producing satellite? If it were that easy, they'd just heat a propellant directly and do away with the sail.
This is the basis of ion engines and similar (eg nuclear) engines - using either heat or electricity to get a propellant to very high velocities. The problem is getting enough power to supply them.
Rotating your orbital plane 90-degrees, for example, requires that you reduce your vector velocity in one axis to zero, while raising the vector velocity in the perpendicular axis to the original amount. So, how much energy did it take to get your original vector velocity? That's right, the whole launch amount. So to turn 90 degrees, you'll need two complete launches worth of fuel and expendibles
Are you sure?
A body in orbit allready has the required velociity. In order to achieve that velocity you need to turn the potential enercy of the rocket fuel into the kinetic energy of the spacecraft. I think we both agree on this.
By changing the direction (velocity vector) by 90 degrees, there is no change in kinetic energy. The situation is actually a change in momentum - you shoot propellant out in one direction (sideways), and there is an equivalent reaction on the spacecraft in order to satisfy conservation of momentum.
Unlike kinetic energy (mass times the square of the velocity), momentum is a linear function - mass times velocity. At the high velocities involved in orbits, this turns out to be a truly massive differnce.
More to the point, you only get decompression sickness when you experience a large, rapid depressurisation. Nitrogen cant dissipate fast enough and you get bubbles in your tissue.
For SCUBA purposes, this is pretty unlikely if you're less than 2atm (10m depth).
If you're going from 1atm in the habitat/station to 1 atm in the suit, I wouldnt think the change is severe enough.
Your blood won't boil? Bullshit.
I recall reading that your skin is able to support the vapor pressure, enough to stop your blood from boiling. The problem is when you have cuts etc.
My concern is that the induced eddy currents in any conductive component will cause heating. In order to avoid this, the power levels would be quite low - so charging would be slow.
Floppy drives maybe, but not hard drives. From what i've read, the magnetic flux densities you'd need to wipe a hard drive from a distance (greater than millimetres) would tear the drive apart. I doubt the pad would be that strong.
Do you really want to strap strong or high frequency oscillating magnetic fields to your head in order to recharge?
Stong magnetic fields have been know to do some strange thing to brain tissue. They use it instead of electrotherapy these days (though it may be orders of magnitude more powerfull).
Interestingly, there's one aspect of TV's that any moron can understand - the visual quility. If the TV's are side by side in the store, the consumner can compare visual quality and decide the appropriate price point.
Most people dont "need" to know what the underlying technology is as long as they are made aware of any associated problems (eg bulb cost, screen life etc).
I have mod points, but I see you've allready atracted a few.
I agree completely, it's the wrong kind metric for that type of measurement. What would be more interesting is a max distance using some standard or class limit power level.
Im involved in Community Wireless Networking, and in australia we have a max EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) of 4W. The dig deal is to see how far you can go on that max power limit (which usually involves low TX power and high gain antennas). 40 and 50km is not unheard of, and I think the record is around 60 or 80km.
The problem with backhoes is thery are:
1) Worked so hard and long (due to fiancial pressures) that their joins develop slop
2) The hydraulic valves only have a limited amount of proportional control
With a well maintained machine and good proportinal control valves, hydraulic force can be applied very smoothly and controllably. The power/size radio is incredible and is really required for something like this.
Spot on, that's what I do.
There's no need for user input. I do work for several large organisation and as part of their security measures, logging in remotely requires an RSA secureID (little key fob thing).
Basically this thing generates a number on it's LCD screen every 60 seconds, and that is time synchronised to the customer's authentication servers. When you combine your username, 4 digit pin number and this RSA secureID number, it is very secure.
I cant see this being particularly difficult/expensive for banks to implement when you consider the costs of phishing.
Hope no-one is left handed, or wears a watch on their right arm, or has any metal jewelery. Nasty!
That's a ridiculous assumption to make. It's most likely got so many wheels because it needs serious traction for such acceleration. If you look at racing vehicles that have incredible acceleration, you see absolutely HUGE rear wheels. Increasing the number of standard wheels is a more practical way to get the increased traction needed.
Personally i would have assumed that the number of wheels was to provide enough power without requiring a mechanical trasmission - 8 smaller motors coupled directly to each wheel (or built inside each wheel).
You can use GhostWriter (based on ghostscript) to print to PDF from any windows application (inluding MS Office). I run it on my work XP laptop and it is very easy to use.
I tried to find a link for GhostWriter but couldnt see anything obvious. It is related to GhostView\GSView so it's a good start.
Dont be so sure...
In Australia, many Eucalyptus species (Gum Trees) require fire to germinate their seeds. The fire is good because it eliminates competitors, and leaves a fertile ash for the seed to grow in.
Even though they are extemently energetic, they tend to do very little harm since:
1) The charged particle component of cosmic rays is sheilded by the Earth's magnetic field
2) The uncharged (neutron) component of cosmic rays does not interact with matter very much - it is very penetrating simpley because it passes through most matter without colliding with anything.
3) Gamma rays, like neutrons, tend to pass though quite a bit of matter without actually interacting with it.
Or more simply, we are transparent to alot of the radiation that does reach us.
Hey mister cranky pants, maybe you should back off the coffee a bit and learn to see the humour in this.
Close...
You're correct in thinking that water is just used for the transport of heat. It allows you to situate a much larger, heavier radiator/fan away from the CPU.
You cant use a long piece of metal because it is not conductive enough....however there is an alternative. Heatpipes are 1000 times more conductive than copper of the same diameter, so they are a perfect solution. Many compact cases now use this method.
fan is still a fan, and my 120mm fans even on low rpms are loud...especially when placed outside of the case. but another thing to consider is the pump...that's a small fan or fan wheel that's at a VERY high rpm in order to move the appropriate ammount of water through the system.
I disagree.
I run a watercooled system, and my homemade case has mesh sides which do nothing to stop the noise. From my personal experience (as opposed to speculation):
* My Ehiem pump is virtually silent (seriously)
* The 2 x 120mm AC fans are quite quiet, and have a low frequency wooshing sound which is gentle on the ears.
* The cooling system is quieter than the HDD
* The whole system is quieter than the 60mm stock fan on my wife's PC.