For a PhD student to conduct research it takes not only the students salary and the associated overhead (i.e. health ins. Etc...) but also the associated professors time and his salary (and overhead) plus the equipment required to conduct the research (facility, power, computers, connections, etc...). No PhD student creates a substantial piece of work flying "solo", as you put it. There are a lot of people, infrastructure, etc.. involved to put the student in a position to conduct the research.
Using students in a study is certainly effective but the article stated that some of the best known professionals in the field were part of this report (i.e. not students). I'm not opposed to using students for research. I employ PhD students every year for exactly this reason as they can do the job for less money that I can.
The only point here is that 1 million spread over 10 years is nothing at all. It's way less than 1 person/year on average. Sure you could get a student to pump out his/her impression of the issue or you could outsource it to drop the costs.
Perhaps I took your last comment wrong:
"when funding is being appropriated, watch the researchers and scientists all line up and say how necessary and important it is:
That is exactly how researchers and scientists get funded. If you cannot make a case that the study you want do to is "necessary and important" than you don't have a job. I happen to think that Solar Physics is "necessary and important" but there are certainly folks who think this is a waste of money. You bet... If a funding source is applicable I'll line up and make my case.
So 100K/year. This seems to have been dispersed to a number of institutions, each with it's own overhead. Lets just say for arguments sake that the average overhead is 30% which leaves 70K/year for salary. TFA stated that there were a number of people involved in the study, again for arguments sake say 5 people = 14K/year. Say the average income for those involved is 100K/year this study represents perhaps 14% of their time or just over 1 month/year.
And people don't understand why it took 10 years? With that level of funding I'm surprised it was published at all. I'm not going to go read the report but assuming that it's competent a 200+ page report with that level of funding sounds like a pretty good deal.
IF it was needed is an entirely different question.
There are missions in preparation to land on a comet. We have already landed on an asteroid and a comet is no different (just as long as you choose the right one). There are good scientific reasons for both (slamming/drilling) techniques. The drilling would be more accurate for composition (assuming that NASA properly funds the experiments) and the slamming will be giving more information on the "geology" of the body. Both are valuable sources of information on these interesting occupants of our solar system.
I'm a physicist. I do what I want. Sure my boss asks me to look into this or that from time to time but the vast majority of the time I'm pursuing things that I find interesting.
The physicist case is a little different as if the projects that I work on don't produce enough results I simply wont get any funding in the future and am therefore out of a job...oh wait a minute... perhaps they are not that different after all.
Finally, a/. Question that I'm qualified to answer.
Non-gyrotropic gradient anisotropy
Anisotropy: exhibiting properties with different values when measured in different directions.
Gradient: change in the value of a quantity
Non-gyrotropic: A distribution that is not axially-symmetric
You must now replace your tin-foil hat with a space-physics hat for the following discussion.
There are many types of energetic particle distributions measured in space physics. The non-gyrotropic gradient anisotropies are frequently observed upstream from the Earth's bow shock, in the upstream region of an interplanetary shock, various other places as well. Large magnetic structures can modify the distribution of charged particles that propagate through them. Observations of these distributions give insight into the type of structure, it's strength, and it's direction of propagation.
I Get $10.06 but thats not the point (I was using M$ calculator and we know M$ always inflates the price).
But seriously if it takes up 1.9% of the screen and one uses the screen 100% of their time/year (yea I know it's sick but stay with me) then if I make say 100K/year (humor me you dick-head) then this "thing" cost $1900 dollars/year to my employer.
So in a Co. such as my own with 5K employees this "thing" would cost around 9.5M/year.
"eye take it for granite that my speling is rong and m-eye gramer sucs"
"it's my right as a citizen... to do so, You don't have a right to stop it"
I completely agree. If you want to view bang-the-dead-whore.com then go ahead and do so. I support your right to view any information that you want. Your post is a rant about your rights to view information of your choice. I'm in full support of that.
It's also my right to select a service that may block such sites. Weather these sites are blocked by a piece of software that I put on my box or if this is a service that I select from my ISP is nothing more than an implementation detail.
Go ahead and continue to view hairy-male-domination.com at your convenience but please give "me" the same freedoms that you are demanding.
"You are missing that it is not your ISP duty to censor internet for you."
Who is talking about a "duty" here? It's a service that one may choose or not.
"What if they censor too much or too little maybe?"
I agree. But there are a lot of people that would choose to take a default censorship knowing full well that there may be some sites that would be blocked that my be totally appropriate. But that is there choice.
"If you are worried about your children then there are programs made especially for that. Use them instead."
I can handle that but you know full well that 90% of the users would not know how to start with that. Hell, they don't even know how to install firefox as if that takes any instruction. If it is a service that one can choose or not then I really don't see this as a big deal
I CAN block it because I'm a nerd. But most people don't know how. They need these types of services because they don't know how.
"That is this thing known as "Freedom"."
Which is exactly the point. If my ISP were to offer a service that would allow me to block some ditto-head-dis-approved-site then I should be "free" to choose such a service. It's not being forced on anyone (that would be a completely different situation), it's a service that is being offered that I can choose or not.
very "insightful" that you decide what is and is not right for people. While I generally agree with your comments they are hypocritical as well. I'm as liberal as the next/.er but what gives me the right to decide what a person can or cannot be exposed to.
One could make the case that because M$ is taking over the world that our children need to run M$ products or they will be left behind. Of course you do not have the "right" to block this type of information as your children need this, after all the M$ information society told us so (not so far-fetched is it and I predict this as a future/. Thread)
If I'm paying for a service I should have the right to block or allow anything I want to, regardless of if it fits within "someone's" technological/religious/scientific/etc... framework.
P.S. Would my I.S.P. please block spam as this is something that I don't wish to receive.
And this is somehow bad?
We rate our movies
we rate our TV
we rate our Vidio games
so what is so different about a web site?
Why would toss-the-salad.com have a problem
with stating that they are an X rated
web site?
your company certainly has the right to block
you from spending 6 hours a day at
sportsline.com running your fantasy baseball
league. Why should I not as a parent
have the right to say "please block
all X rated sites"?
I understand that there is a lot of grey
area here and perhaps that is the
problem. My kids are not old enough
yet to worry about but in 5 years I am
thinking that slap-the-bitch.com might be
a sight I would want blocked.
Germans are smart. Grammar can be dealt with (even if you slaughter it), and I've found most Germans very versatile in dealing with grammatical issues, vocabulary however is essential. The number 1 essential resource that you need to have is a good English to German dictionary. Keep it with you at all times while in Germany. While many Germans speak excellent English there are significant numbers that do not. With a good dictionary in your pocket you can pretty much get the services you require.
If you really want to learn good German grammatical skills I would highly suggest a German text. The best place for a non-English speaking person to develop a skill at the language is to look at English text books (not some corporate view of how it should be done). I have used Schuler-duden-Grammatik a lot but that may be a bit advanced for a beginner. Get an elementary school text book to begin and work your way up.
Nearly every thread contains posts about dupe-this and dupe-that... and it's getting worse every month. I don't understand why people don't just move-along if they find a posted article uninteresting.
Hey/. Please provide me with a "dupe" filter so I don't have to wade through all of the dupe-pissing-posts.
It's the first and only mission to ever orbit over the poles of the Sun! How is that not "unique"? How is that not the same "Historical class"?
While it would be great to see Ulysses taking data 40 years from now sadly the RTG's are nearing the end and soon there will not be enough power to continue. Currently there are a number of instruments turned off to save power. It's got a few years left at best. I say get what you can out of this once in a lifetime mission until the bitter end, and it's nearing that end with or without the politics.
We have done it, and we will do it again. A while back ESA launched the two HELIOS probes into orbits getting as close as ~ 0.3 AU. Excellent missions and a lot of very important data was obtained. There are numerous proposals in the works to launch spacecraft well within the Earth's orbit. The main post was a space-weather related issue and from that perspective 1 AU is fine. But if you really want to understand the physics going in you have to get in there and measure it.
It kind of depends on what you want to look at. If all you are interested in is a qualitative indication that a big event might hit the earth then the 1 AU orbit is sufficient. If you are interested in the physics then there are lots of reasons to send spacecraft within 1 AU.
Um yea, we do. It's called Ice core samples. Look it up. The science is fairly transparent. Well, it's a measurement of solar radiation, not necessarily of ozone, but the point is that we do know that the last number of decades of solar activity have been quite modest.
Slashdot Mirror
A few points to consider
For a PhD student to conduct research it takes not only the students salary and the associated overhead (i.e. health ins. Etc...) but also the associated professors time and his salary (and overhead) plus the equipment required to conduct the research (facility, power, computers, connections, etc...). No PhD student creates a substantial piece of work flying "solo", as you put it. There are a lot of people, infrastructure, etc.. involved to put the student in a position to conduct the research.
Using students in a study is certainly effective but the article stated that some of the best known professionals in the field were part of this report (i.e. not students). I'm not opposed to using students for research. I employ PhD students every year for exactly this reason as they can do the job for less money that I can.
The only point here is that 1 million spread over 10 years is nothing at all. It's way less than 1 person/year on average. Sure you could get a student to pump out his/her impression of the issue or you could outsource it to drop the costs.
Perhaps I took your last comment wrong:
"when funding is being appropriated, watch the researchers and scientists all line up and say how necessary and important it is:
That is exactly how researchers and scientists get funded. If you cannot make a case that the study you want do to is "necessary and important" than you don't have a job. I happen to think that Solar Physics is "necessary and important" but there are certainly folks who think this is a waste of money. You bet... If a funding source is applicable I'll line up and make my case.
So 100K/year. This seems to have been dispersed to a number of institutions, each with it's own overhead. Lets just say for arguments sake that the average overhead is 30% which leaves 70K/year for salary. TFA stated that there were a number of people involved in the study, again for arguments sake say 5 people = 14K/year. Say the average income for those involved is 100K/year this study represents perhaps 14% of their time or just over 1 month/year.
And people don't understand why it took 10 years? With that level of funding I'm surprised it was published at all. I'm not going to go read the report but assuming that it's competent a 200+ page report with that level of funding sounds like a pretty good deal.
IF it was needed is an entirely different question.
"By all means use a spell checker but if you've spend days/weeks/months writing a paper"
Isn't that "spent"
god/allah/your-diety... I'm a hypocrite... I've corrected someone's spelling
There are missions in preparation to land on a comet. We have already landed on an asteroid and a comet is no different (just as long as you choose the right one). There are good scientific reasons for both (slamming/drilling) techniques. The drilling would be more accurate for composition (assuming that NASA properly funds the experiments) and the slamming will be giving more information on the "geology" of the body. Both are valuable sources of information on these interesting occupants of our solar system.
I agree.
I'm a physicist. I do what I want. Sure my boss asks me to look into this or that from time to time but the vast majority of the time I'm pursuing things that I find interesting.
The physicist case is a little different as if the projects that I work on don't produce enough results I simply wont get any funding in the future and am therefore out of a job...oh wait a minute... perhaps they are not that different after all.
Finally, a /. Question that I'm qualified to answer.
Non-gyrotropic gradient anisotropy
Anisotropy: exhibiting properties with different values when measured in different directions.
Gradient: change in the value of a quantity
Non-gyrotropic: A distribution that is not axially-symmetric
You must now replace your tin-foil hat with a space-physics hat for the following discussion.
There are many types of energetic particle distributions measured in space physics. The non-gyrotropic gradient anisotropies are frequently observed upstream from the Earth's bow shock, in the upstream region of an interplanetary shock, various other places as well. Large magnetic structures can modify the distribution of charged particles that propagate through them. Observations of these distributions give insight into the type of structure, it's strength, and it's direction of propagation.
I Get $10.06 but thats not the point (I was using M$ calculator and we know M$ always inflates the price).
But seriously if it takes up 1.9% of the screen and one uses the screen 100% of their time/year (yea I know it's sick but stay with me) then if I make say 100K/year (humor me you dick-head) then this "thing" cost $1900 dollars/year to my employer.
So in a Co. such as my own with 5K employees this "thing" would cost around 9.5M/year.
"eye take it for granite that my speling is rong and m-eye gramer sucs"
Thanks for that irrelevant insight. When you want to learn about non-gyrotropic gradient anisotropies feel free to give me a call.
I agree with you. This should not be a law but a service that ISP's offer for those that deem it appropriate.
"it's my right as a citizen ... to do so, You don't have a right to stop it"
I completely agree. If you want to view bang-the-dead-whore.com then go ahead and do so. I support your right to view any information that you want. Your post is a rant about your rights to view information of your choice. I'm in full support of that.
It's also my right to select a service that may block such sites. Weather these sites are blocked by a piece of software that I put on my box or if this is a service that I select from my ISP is nothing more than an implementation detail.
Go ahead and continue to view hairy-male-domination.com at your convenience but please give "me" the same freedoms that you are demanding.
"You are missing that it is not your ISP duty to censor internet for you."
Who is talking about a "duty" here? It's a service that one may choose or not.
"What if they censor too much or too little maybe?"
I agree. But there are a lot of people that would choose to take a default censorship knowing full well that there may be some sites that would be blocked that my be totally appropriate. But that is there choice.
"If you are worried about your children then there are programs made especially for that. Use them instead."
I can handle that but you know full well that 90% of the users would not know how to start with that. Hell, they don't even know how to install firefox as if that takes any instruction. If it is a service that one can choose or not then I really don't see this as a big deal
I CAN block it because I'm a nerd. But most people don't know how. They need these types of services because they don't know how.
"That is this thing known as "Freedom"."
Which is exactly the point. If my ISP were to offer a service that would allow me to block some ditto-head-dis-approved-site then I should be "free" to choose such a service. It's not being forced on anyone (that would be a completely different situation), it's a service that is being offered that I can choose or not.
very "insightful" that you decide what is and is not right for people. While I generally agree with your comments they are hypocritical as well. I'm as liberal as the next /.er but what gives me the right to decide what a person can or cannot be exposed to.
/. Thread)
One could make the case that because M$ is taking over the world that our children need to run M$ products or they will be left behind. Of course you do not have the "right" to block this type of information as your children need this, after all the M$ information society told us so (not so far-fetched is it and I predict this as a future
If I'm paying for a service I should have the right to block or allow anything I want to, regardless of if it fits within "someone's" technological/religious/scientific/etc... framework.
P.S. Would my I.S.P. please block spam as this is something that I don't wish to receive.
And this is somehow bad? We rate our movies we rate our TV we rate our Vidio games so what is so different about a web site? Why would toss-the-salad.com have a problem with stating that they are an X rated web site? your company certainly has the right to block you from spending 6 hours a day at sportsline.com running your fantasy baseball league. Why should I not as a parent have the right to say "please block all X rated sites"? I understand that there is a lot of grey area here and perhaps that is the problem. My kids are not old enough yet to worry about but in 5 years I am thinking that slap-the-bitch.com might be a sight I would want blocked.
Is usually the distribution chain for these flix right? I have never expected my local 48-gazillion chain to show these flix
Germans are smart. Grammar can be dealt with (even if you slaughter it), and I've found most Germans very versatile in dealing with grammatical issues, vocabulary however is essential. The number 1 essential resource that you need to have is a good English to German dictionary. Keep it with you at all times while in Germany. While many Germans speak excellent English there are significant numbers that do not. With a good dictionary in your pocket you can pretty much get the services you require.
If you really want to learn good German grammatical skills I would highly suggest a German text. The best place for a non-English speaking person to develop a skill at the language is to look at English text books (not some corporate view of how it should be done). I have used Schuler-duden-Grammatik a lot but that may be a bit advanced for a beginner. Get an elementary school text book to begin and work your way up.
Go ahead and mod me -1 Flame
/. Please provide me with a "dupe" filter so I don't have to wade through all of the dupe-pissing-posts.
Nearly every thread contains posts about dupe-this and dupe-that... and it's getting worse every month. I don't understand why people don't just move-along if they find a posted article uninteresting.
Hey
My grammar sucks because I didn't know that
Mod parent up for funny sig
Mod Parent Up !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
The article was excellent. Best read of the day.
It's darker
Ulysses not in the same historical class?
It's the first and only mission to ever orbit over the poles of the Sun! How is that not "unique"? How is that not the same "Historical class"?
While it would be great to see Ulysses taking data 40 years from now sadly the RTG's are nearing the end and soon there will not be enough power to continue. Currently there are a number of instruments turned off to save power. It's got a few years left at best. I say get what you can out of this once in a lifetime mission until the bitter end, and it's nearing that end with or without the politics.
We have done it, and we will do it again. A while back ESA launched the two HELIOS probes into orbits getting as close as ~ 0.3 AU. Excellent missions and a lot of very important data was obtained. There are numerous proposals in the works to launch spacecraft well within the Earth's orbit. The main post was a space-weather related issue and from that perspective 1 AU is fine. But if you really want to understand the physics going in you have to get in there and measure it.
It kind of depends on what you want to look at. If all you are interested in is a qualitative indication that a big event might hit the earth then the 1 AU orbit is sufficient. If you are interested in the physics then there are lots of reasons to send spacecraft within 1 AU.
Um yea, we do. It's called Ice core samples. Look it up. The science is fairly transparent. Well, it's a measurement of solar radiation, not necessarily of ozone, but the point is that we do know that the last number of decades of solar activity have been quite modest.