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IBM Creates World's Fastest Semiconductor Circuits

Todd Heidesch writes: "'IBM announced it has created the world's fastest semiconductor circuit, operating at speeds of over 110 GigaHertz (GHz) and processing an electrical signal in 4.3 trillionths of a second.' IBM expects the new technology to be pumping out 100 gigabit/sec network switching chips by the end of the year (on an optimistic schedule, I presume)." dr_zeus contributes a link to this Reuters article running on Wired (also fairly thin) on the release, writing: "Granted, this isn't a PC chip, but one wonders how long it will be before we hear 'dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!'"

240 comments

  1. Can you immagine... by TheJesusCandle · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    A beouwolf cluster of these things! hehe sorry yall i've just always wanted to post that.

    1. Re:Can you immagine... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Too weird, how is this flamebait?....

  2. 10 years by blair1q · · Score: 2

    100 GHz computing should hit in about 10 years.

    --Blair

    1. Re:10 years by ralian · · Score: 1

      Is this based on any reasonable estimate (Murphy's Law, etc.?), or is it just your own wild guess?

      --

      -raph

    2. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      let's see. 2.5*(2^(x/1.5))==100
      => x = log2(40)*1.5 = 7,98 years. pretty close.

    3. Re:10 years by Joe+U · · Score: 1

      Murphy's Law is:

      "If anything can go wrong, it will"

      I don't think it applies here.

      (No, wait a sec, I think it does...)

    4. Re:10 years by Ford+Fulkerson · · Score: 2, Funny

      Hopefully Steven won't be around for the occasion.

      --

      Somewhere in the heavens... they are waiting.
    5. Re:10 years by VoiceOfRaisin · · Score: 1

      at the current rate its been going at. itll be 128ghz in 9 years

    6. Re:10 years by loz · · Score: 1

      taking Moore's law 100GHz computing should be mainstream in 2007, i.e. 5 years from now.

      we might bump into singularity before that time though.

      loz

    7. Re:10 years by MaxVlast · · Score: 1

      Steven's hot.

      --
      There should be a moratorium on the use of the apostrophe.
      Max V.
      NeXTMail/MIME Mail welcome
    8. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      no duh, don't you know that dell goes for the sex appeal? look at us, we have the hot kid selling products, YOU MUST OBEY AND BUY. lol.

    9. Re:10 years by F34nor · · Score: 1

      6 years.

      110 GHz in 72 months or 6 years
      55 GHz in 60 months or 5 years
      27.5 GHz in 48 months or 4 years
      13.75 GHz in 36 months or 3 years
      6.875 GHz in 24 months or 2 years
      3.44 GHZ in 12 months or 1 year.

      Yeah math!

    10. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sigularty is at Jan 2012. Check the "great mountain of time." *snicker.

    11. Re:10 years by KDENCE · · Score: 0

      Of course that is relying on current silicon junk. Optical is the future, you just wait!

    12. Re:10 years by jaavaaguru · · Score: 2

      Someone's already said something similar here, but I know that people just sit and wait on their own comments being replied to sometimes, so I'll say it. Moore's law is the one that talks about the speed of advances in computing power. You can read all about it on Moore's web page. If we were going by Moore's law (assuming that the speed of a processor can increase uniformly with the amount of transistors we can fit onto it) it would be 5 or 6 years until we hit 100GHz. Unfortunately it will be more difficult to get the required amount of transistors for a processor running at 100GHz that it is to make a NIC run at that speed. Also since Moore talks about the amount of transistors that can be used, who says we're not going to find a way to make it faster with less transistors before 10 years has passed? it's all just speculation.

    13. Re:10 years by jaavaaguru · · Score: 2

      Wow, female geek detected i think :-) Can I... urm... get your... screen name? ;-)

    14. Re:10 years by jaavaaguru · · Score: 2

      Who say's Moore's law isn't just for Intel chips, after all he does work for intel.

    15. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Work for Intel? He co-founded the company! Of course Grove and Shockley like to cover that bit up.

    16. Re:10 years by MaxVlast · · Score: 1

      How many women do you know named Max? Okay, dumb question, names these days are bizarre. I'm not female :)

      --
      There should be a moratorium on the use of the apostrophe.
      Max V.
      NeXTMail/MIME Mail welcome
    17. Re:10 years by ralian · · Score: 1

      Oops, Moore's law, my mistake (that was a perfect example of Murphy's law in action actually ;)

      --

      -raph

    18. Re:10 years by lucius · · Score: 1

      Or Gallium Arsenide. Pity the fab plants cost so much to build.

    19. Re:10 years by IpalindromeI · · Score: 1

      Actually what you're referring to is Finagle's Law.

      Murphy's Law states:
      If there are two or more ways to do something, and one of those ways can result in a catastrophe, then someone will do it.

      --

      --
      Promoting critical thinking since 1994.
    20. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Intel will make the first 100Ghz CPU and it will be two times as fast as a 10Ghz Pentium 8!

      It will be called Pentium XX!

    21. Re:10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Uh, loads. Maxine? Max for blokes is just a short form anyway.

  3. Dude you got a MilliHz Javastation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    yeah! Java 4EVA!

  4. '110 GHz Dell' by ralian · · Score: 1, Troll

    Dude, no Dell - I want a Beowulf cluster of those!! :)

    --

    -raph

    1. Re:'110 GHz Dell' by jaavaaguru · · Score: 2

      ... or a 110GHz IBM?

    2. Re:'110 GHz Dell' by Shanep · · Score: 2

      Dude, no Dell - I want a Beowulf cluster of those!! :)

      Imagine a Beowulf cluster of 110GHz IBM's all interconnected with some IBM 110GHz switches!!

      Yikes.

      I think I better upgrade my key length a bit or 1024.

      --
      War crimes, torture, lies, illegal spying... Would someone give Bush a blowjob, already, so he can be impeached?
  5. booyah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You know for whom this post is, don't you?
    (That's right, Jessica Alba!)

    1. Re:booyah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      You know for whom this post is, don't you?

      That, sir, is the sort of English up with which I will not put!

  6. Dell? Don't think so ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    But imagine the fun Steve Jobs will have at Macworld 2005 .... :-)

    -Baka!

    1. Re:Dell? Don't think so ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah... running with a 100MHz FSB using PC-100 memory too probably, and if the chip doesn't have its own L2 cache, the machine won't have one either =p

  7. That's incredible! by Emad+el-Haraty · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Combine this technology with the recent advent of the broadband laser, and we will be seeing some fast networking, indeed.

    My partner, Sean, worked at Cisco for a while, before the economic implosion, and heard some things about 100Gbit networking projects in the works. It'll be really sweet to see this hit the market in a couple of years.

    1. Re:That's incredible! by Havokmon · · Score: 2
      That's great for backbone switches.. But can the new windows versions actually get up to 100Mbps yet?

      --
      "I can't give you a brain, so I'll give you a diploma" - The Great Oz (blatently stolen sig)
    2. Re:That's incredible! by Fulcrum+of+Evil · · Score: 1

      But can the new windows versions actually get up to 100Mbps yet?

      Sure 100Mbit, but most PCs can't handle 100Gbit - that's 2 orders of magnitude faster that standard PCI.

      --
      "We returned the General to El Salvador, or maybe Guatemala, it's difficult to tell from 10,000 feet"
    3. Re:That's incredible! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If John Wayne were alive, he'd kick your ass for sayin' that.

      FILL YOUR HAND, YOU SUMBITCH!

    4. Re:That's incredible! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      which is why ethernet is replaceing pci and parallel hard drive technology is being replace with serial =) ( this any yo mama's rs232, dat's fo sho )

    5. Re:That's incredible! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "broadband laser"

      Is that anything like fiber optics?

  8. Power Consumption by Zo0ok · · Score: 5, Funny

    Dude, your 110GHz Dell consumes 450kW, and requires its own diesel generator...

    1. Re:Power Consumption by weird+mehgny · · Score: 2, Funny

      Not really. Lead all the heat it generates into a steam engine and it'll generate enough energy to power the whole comp.

    2. Re:Power Consumption by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      p2p is stealing, Dude, You're going to HELL!

    3. Re:Power Consumption by syzxys · · Score: 1

      Lead all the heat it generates into a steam engine and it'll generate enough energy to power the whole comp.

      You mean the whole house, right?. :-)

      ---
      Windows 2000/XP stable? safe? secure? 5 lines of simple C code say otherwise!
    4. Re:Power Consumption by llamalicious · · Score: 2

      ...and your next door neighbor is complaining about the brownout when you startup RtCW.

    5. Re:Power Consumption by suso · · Score: 4, Funny

      Dude, your Dell has a gas pedal!

    6. Re:Power Consumption by Drachemorder · · Score: 1

      Wait... power the computer using just the heat generated by the processor? Aha! So THAT'S how those guys who claimed to have invented perpetual-motion free-energy generators do it!

    7. Re:Power Consumption by MaxVlast · · Score: 4, Funny

      Awooga, awooga! Thermodynamics police here. Please present license, patent, and all plans for all perpetual motion devices at once.

      --
      There should be a moratorium on the use of the apostrophe.
      Max V.
      NeXTMail/MIME Mail welcome
    8. Re:Power Consumption by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude,

      The "dude" reference refers to the "dude" in the Dell TV commercials that always says "DUDE".

      Chill.

    9. Re:Power Consumption by crystalplague · · Score: 1

      uhh, no. thats called perpetuality and it is a big no-no in physics.

    10. Re:Power Consumption by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      In my best dell guy voice:

      Dude! You're getting a perpetual motion machine.

    11. Re:Power Consumption by sharkey · · Score: 2

      Dude, that's auxillary power!

      --

      --
      "Outlook not so good." That magic 8-ball knows everything! I'll ask about Exchange Server next.
    12. Re:Power Consumption by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But this is the INTARWEBNET - i.e. us damn foreigners have access to what's written on Slashdot, and we have never seen those Dell commercials of which you speak.

    13. Re:Power Consumption by IdleTime · · Score: 1

      Aheemmm... These baby's are supplied with an internal cold fusion powergenerator, which supplies the required 2 Tw needed to run the crap^H^H^H^Hnotebook. Don't show this baby to any environmentalists...

      --
      If you mod me down, I *will* introduce you to my sister!
  9. Overclocking? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Something for www.tweakers.net? ;-)

  10. I have an old copy of PC World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    The cover has 3 desktop machines 'burning rubber' and racing towards a finish line. The title is something like "Breaking the speed barrier, Intel 386 33MHz!"

    It's a neverending journey, this technology trap we find ourselves in.

  11. It wouldn't be in a Dell by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I really wonder what architecture a chip with semiconductors like this has. I garantee that this won't be in a Wintel type machine since IBM supports the PowerPC and RISC architecture. This won't make it into any desktop computing applications anytime soon, but it is a good glimpse into the future technology behind computing.

    1. Re:It wouldn't be in a Dell by Drakula · · Score: 1

      Most likely IBM will try to liscence the technology to other chip makers. By the time that is ready to happen who knows what Dell, etc. will put in their machines.

      --
      "It's comin' back around again..." -RATM
  12. ARGGHHH!!! by cavemanf16 · · Score: 1
    I swear if I see that Dell commercial with that dipstick kid in it again I'm going to throw my shoe thru the tube!!!

    As to the super-fast network speeds, that's great, but will it ever make TW's RR service quit letting rooted Win2crap boxes probe my ports 24/7?

    1. Re:ARGGHHH!!! by gnu-sucks · · Score: 1

      Actually, the fact that they allow your ports to be probed is a tribute to the freedom of your ISP. With many other broadband ISP's most of your ports are blocked, so you cannot use your speed for, say a quake server or something.

      I believe AT&T does this.

      Not that I'm a TW/AOL fan, but rr is a kick ass isp.

    2. Re:ARGGHHH!!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oooh yeah - gotta hate the Mazda kid. Little guido deserves to get hit by that crappy Mazda SUV.

    3. Re:ARGGHHH!!! by servanya · · Score: 1

      Hmm....I have at&t - and my co-workers do tech support for them. So, with that said:
      1. They block no ports.
      2. If you know someone who does their tech support, you can get your cable uncapped. I currently have 3meg down and 512 up - for $30/month :-)

  13. 110GHz Dell by syzxys · · Score: 1

    dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!

    Sure, but what with Dell's "we'll only sell Intel chips" license agreements, it'll probably be running a Pentium 7 with a 1000-instruction pipeline and "predictive stalling," it'll cost $10,000 just for the processor, and it'll be slower than my Duron 750. :-)

    ---
    Windows 2000/XP stable? safe? secure? 5 lines of simple C code say otherwise!
  14. Hitting the Physical Limits by mikeplokta · · Score: 4, Informative

    At 110GHz, light travels less than 3mm in one clock cycle -- less than the width of the processor, I presume. And if it's accessing memory from a RAM chip 10cm away, it'll be waiting close to a hundred clock cycles to get anything back.

    1. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      At 110GHz, light travels less than 3mm in one clock cycle -- less than the width of the processor, I presume. And if it's accessing memory from a RAM chip 10cm away, it'll be waiting close to a hundred clock cycles to get anything back.
      That's okay - the CPU justs plays Solitaire until the RAM gets back to it. (A little eensy weensy microscopic solitaire game.)

    2. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by taniwha · · Score: 5, Informative
      actually on cu/si waveguides (ie normal wires on a die) it's way slower than that.



      Even at today's high-end speeds (2GHz) 100 cycles (50nS) is fast for dram access. This is why keeping fast chips stoked these days requires heavy caching (L1/2/even 3 on-chip is a must and heading for 50% plus of die area)

    3. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Steveftoth · · Score: 1

      a hundred? more like tens of thousands. For a variety of reasons ( checking caches, signal propagation for electricity is less then light , signaling time ) Already processors can wait hundreds of clocks for memory access.

    4. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by SuiteSisterMary · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Almost makes you wonder if we'll move away from the 'big CPU, big whack of RAM' model to the 'bunch of little bitty CPUs, each with their own whack of RAM, and they do their own thing' model.

      --
      Vintage computer games and RPG books available. Email me if you're interested.
    5. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 2
      Maybe with speeds like this, they could bring back a concept from the 1950's: the 1-bit serial computer. IIRC, these were popular for scientific computing because the there was no native word size, and the numbers could be as large or small as needed.

      It seems like you could put together a CPU with performance rivaling current high-end chips using a tiny fraction of today's transistor count if all data paths are only 1 bit wide. The die size could be miniscule.

    6. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by pslam · · Score: 2
      Almost makes you wonder if we'll move away from the 'big CPU, big whack of RAM' model to the 'bunch of little bitty CPUs, each with their own whack of RAM, and they do their own thing' model.

      Yeah, I've been wondering how long it'll take before increase in frequency becomes so difficult that people finally realise that fine grained parallelism is the only way to go. The vast majority of time consuming tasks could be made parallel. It's not as if parallel algorithms are a black art or anything - there's a lot of material on the subject available.

      It's a shame dual processor systems cost so much more - otherwise people like me would grab one to try out ideas and write some parallel code. But because there's hardly any parallel code out there, nobody buys dual processor systems, and so no parallel code gets written :)

      Maybe I'll save up some more...

    7. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Fulcrum+of+Evil · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I've been wondering how long it'll take before increase in frequency becomes so difficult that people finally realise that fine grained parallelism is the only way to go

      It'll be a while. Not only is there a lack of demand for that level of power (at least in the mass market), but massively parallel programming is a bitch and a half.

      --
      "We returned the General to El Salvador, or maybe Guatemala, it's difficult to tell from 10,000 feet"
    8. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by pmz · · Score: 1

      'bunch of little bitty CPUs, each with their own whack of RAM, and they do their own thing'

      I remember hearing some grad students talking about this. This is real technology that is the subject of at least some research, but it seems to be distant from becoming mainstream.

      Also, on a larger scale, this is how some supercomputers are set up (beowulf, for example).

    9. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Steveftoth · · Score: 2

      Why do you need 2 procs to do parallel programming? That's what threads and preemptive multitasking are for. I know it's not 'true' multithreaded. Since only one thread is being executed at once, but it fairly close.

      BTW, try programming a compiler that can take your code and make it run in parallel (procs/threads/whatever) it's really hard to do. All programs share data, the level of which determines their parallelness.

      Try out the fourth engine that was mentioned awhile ago, it supposed to be blisteringly fast, but requires you to write a bunch of parallel programs for it to work.

    10. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by linatux · · Score: 0

      I remember hearing years ago, that somewhere around 6 or 7 pico-seconds was where things started to get a bit wierd. This is getting close to that limit!

    11. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Courageous · · Score: 2

      It's not as if parallel algorithms are a black art or anything - there's a lot of material on the subject available.

      True. And very simple patterns like Worker Pool / Job patterns make it quite accessible. It's just an issue of exposure. As soon as on-die multiple cpu machines are mainstream, multithreaded programming soon follow.

      C//

    12. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by dumpster_d · · Score: 1

      The speed of light [or in this case, the electron-impulse] in a typical IC is about 50% of c in a vacuum.

      This is quite amazing, since that means about 1.4mm per cycle and the [I don't know what to call it so I'll say: ] mean path through the circuit must be many times that distance.

      How the hell do you deal with that?

    13. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by pb_rea · · Score: 1

      Internal Beowulf? Multi processors on one die with their own L1/2/3 cache on a crossbar fabric?

      Might need a new fab process to get the size down but it could be interesting. Drop a processor and keep on going as the OS rearranges itself around the fault.

      --
      I need a sig?
    14. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Xenographic · · Score: 1

      Maybe if we sent the beowolf cluster trolls over to Intel or something, they'd get moving on some sort of on-chip clustering just so the trolls would get their cluster & shut up? :)

      It's worth a shot...

    15. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by pslam · · Score: 1
      Why do you need 2 procs to do parallel programming? That's what threads and preemptive multitasking are for. I know it's not 'true' multithreaded. Since only one thread is being executed at once, but it fairly close.

      It's the "fairly close" bit which doesn't work. Take a parallel algorithm running on two threads on a single processor. It may take almost the same execution time as a sequential one. However, it's very difficult to tell whether it'll actually be any good on two processors.

      Programming the compiler to automatically generate parallel code is a slightly questionable thing to do, seeing as it'll have to analyse your code on an algorithmic level to work out whether it's worth it. Sections of code would have to be rather small to work out inter-dependencies, which would then make the parallelism too fine grained to be efficient. Still, I've seen a few passable attempts at it - but most fail to get any increase in performance because of overhead associated with communication.

      I'd advocate a "function level parallism" approach. Statement level is too fine grained and hence has too much overhead. Program level (forking/threading) splits execution very asymmetrically (e.g - one thread decodes mp3, one handles mouse movement). But writing whole functions in a parallel manner is "just right" in terms of processing symmetry, and matches all those algorithms in your text book.

    16. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by pslam · · Score: 1
      It'll be a while. Not only is there a lack of demand for that level of power (at least in the mass market), but massively parallel programming is a bitch and a half.

      There's always a demand for a higher level of power than before (insert 640k remark). Massively parallel programming is a bitch to program. Symmetric small scale parallel programming isn't a bitch to program. By symmetric I mean having an even load across processors, probably running the same section of algorithm. By small scale I mean 2-16 way or something.

      CPU designers are already pushing for more complexity at programming or compile time because quite frankly there's far more improvement that can be done there than in the silicon. The advantage of symmetric multi-processors is that all (I say naively) the chip designer has to do is make a copy of the entire core. To the programmer, the architecture and means of optimization are very obvious. This is unlike the recently mentioned SMT where and architecture and hence optimization route isn't obvious at all.

    17. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You don't sit there and spin while you are waiting for the data you requested to come back. CPUs have dealt with this for ages. It's why pipelines were invented. You'd just have 100-1000 instructions in your pipeline instead of 5-20 .. and your pipeline's orientation to the ALU and whatnot would physically need to be oriented according to the input lines of the ALU and the input lines of the Bus. This might make layout on new cpus painful and less space-effiecent.

    18. Re:Hitting the Physical Limits by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually there are supercomputers that do this. Look towards the end of Bamford's new book on the NSA, they've got stuff along these lines.

  15. The real power of these chips by Steveftoth · · Score: 4, Informative

    is in their ability to save power. From what IBM is saying, is that their chips can be run at say only 20 - 40 ghz and consume a hundred times less power then a chip built with todays processes. So you'll be able to get the same or more processing power out of these chips for less enegry.
    At 110 ghz, a PHOTON only moves 2.7mm so figure that the actual signal propagation is like 2/3 the speed of that and you see that the signal can only travel 1.8mm in a clock. So, these chips are not going to be all that great for CPUs at 110 Ghz. Much better for signal processing likein routers or something.

    1. Re:The real power of these chips by Steveftoth · · Score: 2, Insightful

      One thing that they don't mention is how many transistors they have been able to put on a chip. I mean so what if you can run @ 110ghz if you can only put a hundred transistors on a chip.

    2. Re:The real power of these chips by gnu-sucks · · Score: 1

      And that is at C. Light travles at probably .88C inside a processor.

    3. Re:The real power of these chips by NoMoreNicksLeft · · Score: 2, Funny

      Wouldn't mind having a 110ghz DSP coprocessor on my system, though. The thing could probably do visual recognition at that rate. Then again, I'm not sure I want the computer to see me in my underwear at 1am.

    4. Re:The real power of these chips by nerdbert · · Score: 1

      It isn't the number of transistors that's a problem (when I was there we could easily do tens of thousands). The real problem is getting power into and out of the circuits. The size of the wires to get that much current into BJTs that small is disproportionate and that's the real integration limiter.

  16. Wow, that's hot by essiescreet · · Score: 4, Funny

    Now I can get rid of my pot-bellied stove and start using my PC, lower emissions, more heat, and a space saver!

    1. Re:Wow, that's hot by llamalicious · · Score: 2

      and you can microwave your tv dinners by placing them perpendicular to the horizontal plane of your processor!

    2. Re:Wow, that's hot by chfleming · · Score: 1

      "and you can microwave your tv dinners by placing them perpendicular to the horizontal plane of your processor!"

      HAH! that's rediculous.

      Everyone knows that you place the tv dinner parallel or the food may drip onto the processor!

  17. 4.3 x 10-12 sec by crumbz · · Score: 4, Informative

    That means ~1.29mm at C (speed of light), so about 0.9mm in reality. Wow, those better be some short circuit traces!

  18. 110 Ghz Dell by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 5, Funny

    And Steve Jobs will still claim that his 2 Ghz G6 is "twice as fast" on some obscure benchmark.

    --
    Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
    1. Re:110 Ghz Dell by norwoodites · · Score: 1

      Actually Steve Jobs will say forget what we have been telling you about the Hz Myth because the Myth is actually true.

      Steve Jobs will show off a 110GHz G6 and say that.

    2. Re:110 Ghz Dell by jellomizer · · Score: 2

      Well probably not a 2 GH Power Mac but Probably a 50Ghz Power Mac. The Power PC is generally 1/2 the clock speed of the Intell chip. But remember MHZ are only one componet to speed. And it depends on the Application and how it uses the processor/memory. If there is a program that uses a ton of Harddrive usuage. You can have a 110 Thz computer and it will run just as fast on a 2Ghz becuase it is just waiting for the Harddrive.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    3. Re:110 Ghz Dell by fitten · · Score: 1

      All computers wait at the same speed(rate)...

    4. Re:110 Ghz Dell by sharkey · · Score: 5, Funny

      ...some obscure benchmark

      Probably the number of Bunny People ignited per second.

      --

      --
      "Outlook not so good." That magic 8-ball knows everything! I'll ask about Exchange Server next.
    5. Re:110 Ghz Dell by cosmo7 · · Score: 4, Funny

      why buy a vaporware mac when you can build a pc from parts that haven't been invented for less money that you haven't earned yet?

    6. Re:110 Ghz Dell by crayz · · Score: 1

      His point is that if Macs have better(faster) components(such as RAM, HD, video card) than PCs with faster processors, then the Macs may still be faster.

      The problem is, Macs don't. Apple needs to get it's act together, stop using PC133, stop using ATA/66, and get some better processors too.

    7. Re:110 Ghz Dell by sean23007 · · Score: 2

      Infinitely faster.

      With Jobs' 2GHz G6, Aqua in OS X can render the minimize/maximize window genie effect in .0006 seconds, whereas it takes the 110Ghz PC running Windows an indefinite amount of time to do it.*

      Fine print: Windows lacks the genie effect, proving the PPC's superiority over the Pentium.

      --

      Lack of eloquence does not denote lack of intelligence, though they often coincide.
    8. Re:110 Ghz Dell by ChronoZ · · Score: 1

      CPU speed won't matter squat if bus speeds remain as slow as they are today.

    9. Re:110 Ghz Dell by cappadocius · · Score: 1
      And Steve Jobs will still claim that his 2 Ghz G6 is "twice as fast" on some obscure benchmark.

      naw, by then Apple will have to be using some completely different processing model just so that it will further obfuscate any comparison between brands.

      --

      omnia tua castra sunt nobis

  19. power concerns by zzyzx · · Score: 1

    Now maybe I'm completely wrong here - if I am please correct me - but I got the impression that the higher the mega/gigahertz that your processor is running, the more power it needs. Would a 110 gigahertz computer send my electric bills sky high, or would this be a trivial concern?

    1. Re:power concerns by Breakfast+Pants · · Score: 1

      You aren't completly wrong.. You are thinking of overclocking where you raise the voltage and get more hertz as a result. When a new chip is introduced however it is made on a smaller process, while the chip often ends up being the same size it also uses the same ammount of power and is faster. With this new chip you could run it at a lower voltage and then acheive the same speed as the old chip at lower power levels. So obviously they aren't just taking current chips and overclocking them to 110ghz as that would take a shitload ofpower and give off a shitload of heat.

      --

      --

      WHO ATE MY BREAKFAST PANTS?
    2. Re:power concerns by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0


      or would this be a trivial concern?

      Yep, it's a trivial concern. If you can afford to buy one of these, when they're available, your power bill isn't even a consideration!

  20. How Long to Market by ackthpt · · Score: 2, Insightful
    "Granted, this isn't a PC chip, but one wonders how long it will be before we hear 'dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!'

    What's the standard IBM response? 10 years to market, IIRC. Taken the time to fully develop the technology to manufacture more than one transistor in a lab, and distribute it as part of a chip.

    --

    A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
    1. Re:How Long to Market by nerdbert · · Score: 1

      Careful. Read the article. It won't be a part of most computers anytime soon but people are presently designing with the technology. Without any serious delays you should products coming out in less than a couple of years. It's not much of tweak over SiGe7HP so the real question is if there will be enough of a demand for SiGe8HP. My guess is that there will some demand in the optical communications branch (OC768 and 40 Gb/s communications aren't too far off) and some in low power RF ICs but those aren't huge markets and the price of SiGe8HP may be too high for much acceptance, at least if IBM's history is factored into this.

  21. 100 Gigabit Bad-Boy by rirugrat · · Score: 0, Offtopic
    IBM expects the new technology to be pumping out 100 gigabit/sec network switching chips by the end of the year

    100 Gigabit network?!?! Soon I'll be able to download my big-boy smut from the newsgroups in no time at all!!!!

    Ahhh...progress!

    Chris

  22. Hook it up to center of consciousness by Jeremy+Gallow · · Score: 0

    Hook up such a chip to the center of consciousness for a powerful being. Please reply.

    --
    -- Hexadecimal.
  23. How long?? by psxndc · · Score: 0, Troll
    but one wonders how long it will be before we hear 'dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!'

    Hopefully after Steve's voice deepens and they have to find a more intelligent spokesperson.

    psxndc

    --

    The emacs religion: to be saved, control excess.

  24. Stupid question by dexter1 · · Score: 1

    Call me stupid, but why can't they use the same material in PCs to increase the chip speed? Are there some limitations/incompatibilities other than the comparitively slow speeds of memory and I/O (I guess we can all see why I never got very far in that EE major...)

    1. Re:Stupid question by NerveGas · · Score: 1

      As others have stated, the size of the circuit plays a very large role in the upper limits of the chip's frequency. It's one thing to make a single IC with very little circuitry that runs at 100+ GHz, but it's entirely another to build a CPU with tens of millions of transistors that will run at the same speed....

      So, right now, it's the same as always happens. A manufacturer (usually IBM) will find a new way of getting a chip to do more, then it will take the long road of trying to move from laboratory and test-circuits to real-word manufacturing lines. It's generally at least a year or two before any of the announced develoments make it into real-world chips. If you look at the announcement, IBM has been making SiGe chips for a good while now, and it still hasn't (yet) made it into mainstream production. Once the kinks are worked out, and the few initial purchasers pay for the R&D, then you'll see it go mainstream.

      steve

      --
      Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
    2. Re:Stupid question by Cougar1 · · Score: 3, Informative

      Call me stupid, but why can't they use the same material in PCs to increase the chip speed? Are there some limitations/incompatibilities other than the comparitively slow speeds of memory and I/O (I guess we can all see why I never got very far in that EE major...)

      First of all, the IBM transistors are not MOSFETs, the tiny switches used in CPU's and other logic-based circuitry. They are instead heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). HBTs are lightning fast and can be used as low-noise amplifiers for high frequency signals, which makes them great for wireless and Gigabit optical communication applications, but they are relatively large compared to MOSFETs and so are not really suitable for making CPU's. (Notice that the IBM press release never mentions CPU applications, but instead focuses on 100 Gigabit optical communications networks).

      Now, you may wonder why SiGe can't be used to make super-fast MOSFETs. The main problem is that MOSFETs require a dielectric, such as SiO2 to act as an insulating layer between the "gate" and the channel. However, attempting to grow a layer of SiO2 on SiGe results in separation of the Ge from the Si, ultimately causing device failure. Currently, people are trying to find ways to deposit new dielectrics with higher dielectric constants, such as ZrO2, to replace the SiO2. Once this is acheived it may be possible to put such a material onto SiGe to allow creation of a MOSFET using this technology. However, development of such high-k dielectric technology is probably 3-4 years away and adaptation of this to SiGe will be a few more years beyond that, so don't expect SiGe-based CPU's anytime soon.

      One last thing. I don't understand why IBM gets all the press. Motorola announced 110 GHz HBTs last October. IBM is really not as far ahead of the curve as they would like you to believe.

    3. Re:Stupid question by Derkec · · Score: 2

      IBM gets the press because they have the massive funds to advertise. And yes, getting impressively worded information to journalists is advertising. That's mostly a guess, but I suspect it's closer to the truth than we'd like to admit.

  25. how soong before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    they have pda's powered by these things?

    xnesteax

  26. AMD's Response by DeadBugs · · Score: 1, Troll

    Gigahertz don't matter!
    Look for AMD 110000+ XP Processors

    --
    http://www.kubuntu.org/
  27. What about the quantum barier? by Edmund+Blackadder · · Score: 5, Interesting


    When in engineering school (a couple of years ago) my professor declared that we are moving towards the end of the speed and size improvements of microchips, because soon the assumptions aboout newtonian physics, on which circuit design is based on, will stop being reliable.

    Usually you dont have to worry about quantumn effects (electrons tunneling and such things), because there are enough electrons to statisticaly average out the quantumn effects into the classical model.

    But when you increase frequency you usually have to decrease the size of the components (so transistors switch faster). But if you decrease size too much you will not have enough electrons passing trough your circuit, to ensure the signal follows classical laws.

    Well I guess the quantumn barrier was a lot further than i thought it was.

    Or maybe IBM are not decreasing the size of their transistors but increasing voltages to make circuits switch faster.

    1. Re:What about the quantum barier? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But if you decrease size too much you will not have enough electrons passing trough your circuit, to ensure the signal follows classical laws

      You are absolutely right. This means we will have to change the laws.

    2. Re:What about the quantum barier? by NerveGas · · Score: 3, Interesting

      >When in engineering school (a couple of years ago) my professor declared that we are moving towards the end of the speed and size improvements of microchips, because soon the assumptions aboout newtonian physics, on which circuit design is based on, will stop being reliable.

      And they've been saying that for over ten years.... and so far, it just hasn't happened.

      >Well I guess the quantumn barrier was a lot further than i thought it was.

      That's the problem with those pundits - when they make those statements, they assume that no more technological advancements will be found. And even if that were right, there's still a lot of the current CPU-manufacturing process that can be tweaked and milked.

      Look at some of the recent technological findings - like copper interconnects and SOI. It took a couple of years before they even began to see introductory usage, and SOI is still far from being mainstream. And then again, a lot of chips are still being made on the 0.17 micron process. And to top it off, 0.10 and even 0.07-micron processes are in the works. Even without any new technological discoveries, the move to 0.07 micron SOI chips has the potential to last us through several more 18-month generations!

      So what about other technologies? There's another manufacturing trick that's being refined right now that allows the crevisces between transisters to be made deeper than they are wide, which will allow us to pack even more transistors on a chip. And why stop with aluminum interconnects? Find a way to use silver. And there was a recent announcement about using stressed lattices to get even faster propagation. There are a lot of developments in the works. Yes, eventually we will hit a quantum limit - but I'm confident that it won't happen any time soon.

      steve

      --
      Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
    3. Re:What about the quantum barier? by p3d0 · · Score: 1

      Um, I think this has already happened.

      --
      Patrick Doyle
      I mod down every jackass who puts his moderation policy in his sig. Oh, wait a sec....
    4. Re:What about the quantum barier? by jmichaelg · · Score: 2
      Fact is, the limit du jour has been overcome repeatedly in the past. Years ago, diffraction was perceived as a fundamental limit. We were never going to see sub micron technology because the optics couldn't image without diffracting. The industry has not only passed sub-micron, it's now looking to go below .1 micron.

      Your prof is in good company when attempting to forecast the future...Rutherford didn't think anything would ever come of atomic energy.

    5. Re:What about the quantum barier? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dammit, since predictions about the future are always wrong, your prediction ensures that we will hit the barrier any day now :(

    6. Re:What about the quantum barier? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      As shown by this article about genetic algorithms on FPGAs, even normal low-tech circuits are subject to quantum effects. (In essense, FPGA configuration evolved that inlcuded completely disjoint gates. Remove those seperate parts, and the actualy circuit suddenly failed to operate properly. Somehow, the one was influencing the other.)

    7. Re:What about the quantum barier? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's most likely an electromagnetic effect rather than a quantum effect. The gates are not isolated electrically. That causes analog behaviors to emerge in a digital computation. The gates are almost certainly isolated enough that quantum effects are too weak to influence the results.

    8. Re:What about the quantum barier? by NexusJedi · · Score: 1

      predictions about the future are always wrong

      "All generalizations are false."

    9. Re:What about the quantum barier? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      a lot of chips are still being made on the 0.17 micron process

      micron has been deprecated since the 1960s, and it seems some people are taking a while to catch up. The correct term is micrometre (m).

  28. murphy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    bet you were wrong intentionally to provide some irony and appear intelligent.

  29. 110 GHz Dell? by i+am+nude · · Score: 1

    I don't know what you're smoking, but i want the Dual 110 GHz board overclocked to Dual 150 GHz =)

    1. Re:110 GHz Dell? by Jaysyn · · Score: 1

      I hope you have a Halon system in your house..

      Jaysyn

      --
      There is a war going on for your mind.
  30. Judging from Moore's law... by Daniel+Wood · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Which I believe states that transister count doubles every 18 months, and I have noticed that MHz count on Intel CPUs tend to follow the same line, we should be ready for this speed CPU(Given Intel's trend) in our desktops in another 8.25 years, better known as Q3 2010.

  31. Reminds me of a Dilbert cartoon... by Jucius+Maximus · · Score: 2, Funny

    Dogbert was hired as a consultant to name the company's brand new product. He said that he had a computer combine the best words from astronomy and technology. The result? "Uranus-Hertz." It was banned from at least one newspaper.

    1. Re:Reminds me of a Dilbert cartoon... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  32. PowerPC 100 Ghz by bigpat · · Score: 1

    can't be far behind?

    1. Re:PowerPC 100 Ghz by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If only Motorola hasn't gone tits up before then...

  33. SiGe-Bipolar-CML by RichMan · · Score: 2, Informative

    A SiGe process is an fudge to a bipolar technology process which is an addition to a more standard digital process. This means the devices are not your standard digital logic FET devices. The devices are most likely NPN vertical bipolar junction transistors, with the SiGe implant. The logic gates would then be standard complementary logic (CML) structures. Technology Description

    1. Re:SiGe-Bipolar-CML by RichMan · · Score: 2, Informative

      Here is a link to IBM's technology description. http://www-3.ibm.com/chips/bluelogic/showcase/sige /

  34. There are no stupid questions by Edmund+Blackadder · · Score: 2, Insightful

    First of all I suspect that this technology is simply too expensive for consumer chips. Even if it could be done cheap, I think they would need completely new fabrication facilities to make those chips, because the technology is based on a different compound. Fabrication facilities are not cheap and companies like to use the current ones enough to make them profitable before jumping ionto new ones. I also suspect that these chips might need a lot of power. That may make them unusable for home computers.

    1. Re:There are no stupid questions by Cougar1 · · Score: 1

      Actually, one of the advantages of SiGe is that it is compatible with conventional Si-based technology. All that is required is the addition of a CVD reactor for depositing epitaxial SiGe films. However, as I state in a later post, at the moment SiGe can't be used for making MOSFETs, so it's not really suitable for CPUs. However, it can be used for making low-noise high-frequency amplifiers, such as are needed for 100 Gigabit optical networks. The fact that it can be integrated with conventional silicon processing gives it an edge over GaAs or other more exotic materials.

  35. Re:Booyah!!! by Overd0g · · Score: 1

    Boy those communists are long winded. No wonder they have been relegated to the past (forever hopefully).

  36. Wires by vlad_petric · · Score: 5, Informative
    Well, don't expect a Pentium 110GHz yet ... The problem with microprocessor design is more and more the time it takes the signal to propagate through wires than the time to propagate through gates.

    Did you know that P4 has a couple of pipeline stages that do nothing but propagate signal? (yes, they pipelined the wire ...)

    The Raven

    --

    The Raven

  37. Bad Physics... by omarKhayyam · · Score: 2

    While I can't say what the actual physical limits will be on a 110 GHz electron based chip, I do know that calculations such as this are flawed. While the maximum speed of an electron may be the speed of light, the maximum speed of an electron through a circuit in a single direction is nowhere near that fast. Because of the voltage difference applied electrons have slight preference for one direction of travel, however 99% of their motion is still completely random. Electrons never shoot down a circuit in one direction at the speed of light.

    -Adam

    1. Re:Bad Physics... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Partly true. The average ("drift") velocity of a physical electron in a circuit is much less than 1 m/s. Fortunately, it's not the electrons that have to move fast, but rather the voltage wavefront. Think of a tank of water, where a wave moves from one side to another - the wave crossed the tank, but the individual water molecules did not.

    2. Re:Bad Physics... by cheese_wallet · · Score: 1

      Yeah, you are technically right, it takes forever and a day for a single particular electron to travel from one end of a 1 inch wire to the other. It is on the order of centimeters per second.

      But that doesn't matter. The whole wire is chock full of electrons. You shove one in one end, and another at the other end is forced out because there isn't any "room".

      Think of those great inelastic collision demos in highschool. Or one of those clacking pendulums.

      This effect happens at great speed. And the electrons, for present day purposes, are indistinguishable. (although I suppose they have different spins and what not on a quantum level). This effect simulates the electron traveling from one end to the other at great speed. Not all that far off from the speed of light. I forget what the estimate would be. Maybe like 1/3 c or something like that. It is still pretty quick.

      --Scott

  38. Moore's law? by J'raxis · · Score: 1

    whooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooshhh....

  39. I seriously doubt it! by AB3A · · Score: 1
    ...Because you won't be using clocks by then. At 110 GHz the size of the chip die becomes a significant factor.

    More likely, you'll see it used in ansynchronous computing --and that will take some time.

    --
    Nearly fifty percent of all graduates come from the bottom half of the class!
  40. 110GHZ circuit != 110GHz chip by MobyDisk · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The article does not clarify what is exactly running at 110GHz - it says a "circuit". Is it a single transistor? Or a series of transistors? Does that include wiring? It is a common misconception that a 110GHz transistor produces a 110GHz chip. A 110GHz transistor would likely produce a 1GHz chip.

    1. Re:110GHZ circuit != 110GHz chip by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A 110GHz transistor would likely produce a 1GHz chip.

      Can't you at least TRY and not posting something so obviously stupid?

      A. This 110Ghz circuit is apparently newsworthy (i.e., very fast)
      B. You can walk down to Fry's and buy a 2 Ghz processor

      Therefore, a 110 Ghz transister does not produce only a 1 Ghz chip.

      What a fucking moron.

    2. Re:110GHZ circuit != 110GHz chip by dhovis · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It is more than a transistor. The article at the NYTimes (I'm too lazy to link right now), said that IBM had previously anounced a transistor which could switch at 260 GHz and this anouncement is simply the next step, an entire circuit, but probably not a whole CPU.

      --

      --
      The internet is the greatest source of biased information in the history of mankind.

    3. Re:110GHZ circuit != 110GHz chip by Fred2 · · Score: 1

      >> A 110GHz transistor would likely produce a >> 1GHz chip. >> >> Can't you at least TRY and not posting >> something so obviously stupid? Maybe he grossly underestimated, but its not too far off. The chip's definitely not gonna be able to run at speeds which would be comparably 110GHz. More likely, the chips would be top of the line, but won't create a tremendous leap in computer speeds due to the fact that many bottlenecks in performance comes from things other than processor (RAM speed, antiquated interfaces[serial and parallel anyone?], size of cache to the chip, even the OS's). A. This 110Ghz circuit is apparently newsworthy (i.e., very fast) And just because its on slashdot, its obviously amazing? Take a look at many older posts and see stuff which many people would never look at twice... >> B. You can walk down to Fry's and buy a 2 Ghz >> processor. See Above.

    4. Re:110GHZ circuit != 110GHz chip by Doug+Merritt · · Score: 2
      It said the circuit was a ring counter, which is basically the fastest circuit you can build that actually does something. It's almost always the first circuit built with new process technology for exactly that reason.

      On the other hand, more complex circuits nearly always run significantly slower than ring counters. So if their ring counters are running at 110Ghz, then some simple communication circuit might run at 30Ghz. Depending on details.

      Moral: as usual, never just blithely believe these press releases are implying what they seem to imply.

      --
      Professional Wild-Eyed Visionary
  41. I'm surprised no one has said... by Ryu2 · · Score: 1, Redundant

    Imagine a Beowulf cluster of these chips!

    --
    There's 10 types of people in this world, those who understand binary and those who don't.
  42. Bad physics again by bigmouth_strikes · · Score: 1

    Well, you may be right in that the electron speeds are low and random in direction. That is not the point, however. The electric field and therefore the electrical signal still moves at near speed of light.

    --
    Oh, I can't help quoting you because everything that you said rings true
  43. technology singularity is a lie by kiwipeso · · Score: 0

    This chip proves that conventional computing can continue to reach at least 110 GHz, which should be enough to run MicroSoft Farsite when it's released in 2012.

    By 2012, quantum computing should be well established, effectively giving computing at the speed of light.

    --
    - Kaos games and encryption systems developer
  44. Of course there are quantum effects by hokanomono · · Score: 1

    What did you think how modern semiconductor devices work? They use quantum effects. Newton did not know too much about the details of electric conduction. Of course things get more complicated when the scale gets smaller.

    --
    This sig is a true statement, but I cannot prove it.
  45. 110GHz PowerMac by kiwipeso · · Score: 1, Funny

    I'll buy a Dual G6 110 GHz powermac, you'll be left with the Dell Pentium 7.

    The Pentium 7 6.9 GHz has 1000 instructions in it's pipeline and also features "predictive stallman" to cope with the microsoft software ban.
    Ever since microsoft lost it's source code rights, RMS has had windows under GPL. Stallman has now got a hardware function in the Pentium 7 which checks for GPL licenses in the binaries.
    This has led to millions of professional windows users switching to Mac OS XI to avoid the limitations of a GPL system.
    Not even President Al Gore can convince america in the benefits of windows GPL, intel is dying and nobody gives a damn anymore.

    --
    - Kaos games and encryption systems developer
  46. 110 Ghz... That's unpossible by swordboy · · Score: 3, Funny

    OK...

    Correct me if I am wrong but aren't we limited by the speed of electrons at some point in the near future. How far can an electron travel in one second? How does this affect die size?

    Sure, anyone can shake a stick 110 billion times per second but this doesn't mean that the stick will do anything productive.

    As a side note, I think that it would be ironic and appropriate that Intel name their 4.7Ghz chip the "PentiumXT" as a funny play on the AthlonXP and the 1000 fold improvement over the 4.7Mhz XT processors of yore.

    --

    Life is the leading cause of death in America.
  47. HA! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Granted, this isn't a PC chip, but one wonders how long it will be before we hear 'dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!'"

    damn straight it ain't no beaten-horse, antique architecture (CISC) peecee chip... IBM is a PPC house.

    word to yer mum, i know that by "PC" that person did not mean "PC" as in Mac or wintel... still the fact remains that IBM makes PPC chips and damn good ones too... with architecture and technology that IBM invented and brought to the market first, like copper (not aluminum, BAH!) and SOI, etc. etc... did i hear anyone say SIMD?

    "and dood, you've got a DULL peecee computer"

    mwah ha ha.

  48. Real EEs please enlighten us by Bobba+Mos+Fet · · Score: 3, Insightful

    This article is crap. If you're a real EE who knows about this stuff, please enlighten the rest of us by answering some questions: 1. I'm a little confused. Did IBM demonstrate a networking chip that runs at 110 GHz? Or did they merely demonstrate a ring oscillator type circuit? 2. I was under the impression that, to reach such high speeds, you need something like an HBT. Am I right? Is this circuit based on HBTs? 3. If this circuit is based on HBTs, then why are people talking about Pentiums and Athlons? No way in hell you could implement a VLSI (or rather an ULSI) circuit with HBTs. Am I missing something?

    1. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by F34nor · · Score: 1

      Like IBM annoucement when they got the 1st 2GHz chip? They had to program it externally by placing wires on the pin-in/outs.

    2. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Epi-man · · Score: 1

      1: They demonstrated a ring oscillator, as stated in the article.

      2: It sounds to me like this is a SiGe HBT although it is not specifically stated as such.

      3: Because that is all that people on /. seem to know. The article talks about wireless communication and networking switches, the realm of bipolar transistors, not FETs. The problem is, the readers of /. seem to only know the CPU realm, so that is what they comment on.

      Hope that helped.

    3. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Cougar1 · · Score: 1

      I'm a ChemE, not an EE, but I do work in SiGe technology. I'm fairly certain the mentioned IBM circuit is based on HBTs, since Bernard Meyer (mentioned in the press release) is IBM's big SiGe HBT guy. Also, the article itself doesn't mention CPU applications, but only focusses on wireless and networking applications.

      Just reading from the two articles, it seems like they have only demonstrated a ring oscillator type circuit, although they plan to release a chip that runs at 110GHz by the end of the year. They currently seem to have an 80 GHz chip. Of course these are for networking and wireless applications and are not CPUs.

      As for why people are talking about Pentiums and Athlons, a little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

      Finally, my question is whether this is really the fastest semiconductor circuit ever demonstrated? My understanding is that GaAs can provide faster circuits than SiGe. The main advantage of SiGe is that it can be integrated into a conventional Si production line and so is much less expensive than GaAs (also it can be integrated with Si logic circuits). Since GaAs should be faster than SiGe, I'm skeptical about the title of the article. Though I might be persuaded to believe it is the fastest Si-based circuit.

    4. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by dmlb · · Score: 4, Informative

      Okay, so I'm a real EE who design in IBM SiGe processes 5HP and 6HP.

      1) IBM did demonstrate a ring oscillator.

      2) These are IBMs latest SiGe HBT transistors, targetted for the "8HP" process. At present, 5HP and 6HP are in production and producing ICs - a lot of GSM cell phones will have IBM silicon in them. 7HP is coming on line.

      3) Yup - these process are not directly for PC processors. The processes are targetted at RF, electro-optical, high speed data etc. They have SiGe transistors and CMOS. The SiGe is typcially used as a front-end, e.g. 10gigabit mutliplexers and laser driver/demultiplexors and diode detectors for optical links and the CMOS does the back end processing - e.g. line equalization etc.

      In addition, this is not the fastest semiconductor circuit. For many years people have been using semiconductors at tera-Hz for microwave stuff (granted maybe not ring oscillators but certainly parametric-active amplifiers). I worked on 94GHz radar systems over 10yrs ago that used active semiconductors (IMPATT and Gunn GaAs oscillators).

    5. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Cougar1 · · Score: 1

      Correction: Replace Bernard Meyer with Bernard Meyerson in the previous post (I guess my fingers were slower than my brain).

    6. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Bobba+Mos+Fet · · Score: 1

      Yeah, that did help. thanks.

    7. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Bobba+Mos+Fet · · Score: 1

      Thanks for the info. I think, from the material point of view, GaAs is better than SiGe. And theoretically, there are materials that are even better than GaAs. But manufacturability is the key here. IBM is actually able to comercially produce these things. Regarding ring oscillators, if they demonstrated one that works at 110 GHz I don't think they can demonstrate a useful digital logic circuit running at this frequency. But I suppose it can come close.

    8. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Bobba+Mos+Fet · · Score: 1

      That's cool stuff. Thanks a lot.

    9. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by Cougar1 · · Score: 1

      Actually, I don't think it's so much manufacturability as cost. I'm fairly certain people are making GaAs devices commercially(and more exotic variants InGaAs, AlGaAs, etc...), but these are quite expensive compared to Si. SiGe on the other hand is only marginally more expensive than Si and essentially uses the same manufacturing techniques. One other advantage is that SiGe devices can be put on the same chip as conventional Si logic devices. Thus SiGe allows for a 1-chip solution, where GaAs may require a 2-chip solution.

    10. Re:Real EEs please enlighten us by chrysrobyn · · Score: 2

      3. If this circuit is based on HBTs, then why are people talking about Pentiums and Athlons? No way in hell you could implement a VLSI (or rather an ULSI) circuit with HBTs. Am I missing something? Somebody needs to tell These guys that you can't do a VLSI design in HBTs. Google fails to find me the Exponential 705, a PowerPC using bipolar current mode logic (CML). Didn't quite make it to market because the manufacturers couldn't bring the defect density down fast enough before IBM and Moto came in with the 750/740. Maybe the X705 proves your point? Are you stating that the VLSI in HBTs is not cheaply manufacturable? My personal opinion is that CMOS will not see us to the end of time. We may need to go BiCMOS, bipolar, or something else new and different. 2GHz CMOS processors are never in the DC state where CMOS saves power, they're 100% in the AC state charging and discharging capacitive loads, and leaking current like seives. If we went to bipolar CML, we'd see current like a 1.5GHz CMOS processor, whether we operated it at 500MHz or 5GHz.

  49. Let's be realistic by VPN3000 · · Score: 1

    I get that funny feeling every time I see a headline about a CPU running amazingly fast. Now that they have the hi-speed CPU, what sort of RAM and power supply (4000+ watt?!) are they planning on using?

    I see nothing about what else is required, or planned for in the deployment of this chip. Until we see such figures, I am assuming this is FUD. Especially when they are making claims of having this out on the market by 2003.

    If anyone else finds links to articles other than the ones in the headline, please post them for the rest of us. Especially if they have decent technical information and not just marketing hype.

    Victor

    1. Re:Let's be realistic by Graymalkin · · Score: 2

      I think you need to have the local gas company come out to check your utilities because I think your house is fucking filled with carbon monoxide. The headline SPECIFICALLY tells that this is not a new processor but merely a semiconductor circuit that can switch at 110GHz. The primary use of fast circuits like this is not in CPUs but in switching fabrics and telecom equipment. There's nothing saying this is going to be in the next Pentium XX chip released in 2003. Considering the information FUD based on a lack of technical information is also ridiculous because FUD is corporate propoganda used to undermine the market for competing services or products. A lack of technical documentation or physical prototypes is known as vapour.

      --
      I'm a loner Dottie, a Rebel.
    2. Re:Let's be realistic by borat · · Score: 0

      here's a link that goes into more detail on meking you computor fatser: http://www.overclockercafe.com/Articles/Case_Mod/ i have a frend who did this a computor and said that his it ran faster than befor but when it turned on it make the lites in his house go less brite so i deceded to not do it to mine! but mabey you will lern some thing!

    3. Re:Let's be realistic by VPN3000 · · Score: 1

      Well now, let's mod up the old-timer and smear the slashdot newbies. From the article, I quote: "The first chips built with the technology are expected to appear later this year."

      Anyone who mods up a flamer has issues. Victor

    4. Re:Let's be realistic by borat · · Score: 0

      OK, time for a quik teaching. gas companys don't send carben menoxide to houses. carben menoxide is a biproduck of chemecal(sp?) factorys. what the gas company where i live does is send a kind of gas that burns in your stove or water header. So befor you go around telling other people that they are rong you should check your facts first.

    5. Re:Let's be realistic by Graymalkin · · Score: 2

      Do they not specifically mention those chips will be in switching fabric and not in microprocessors? Man that was fucking difficult.

      --
      I'm a loner Dottie, a Rebel.
    6. Re:Let's be realistic by Graymalkin · · Score: 2

      A blown pilot light or dirty range causes carbon monoxide buildup in residences which is the job of the local gas utility to come out and fix. You don't think the gas being piped to your house is pure do you? Before YOU go around telling people they are rong you should check your facts first.

      --
      I'm a loner Dottie, a Rebel.
  50. And in follow up versions... by tandr · · Score: 2, Funny

    they will remove circuit that allow to overclock these babies! Just as Intel and AMD did! Can imagine what THG or Anand will say...

    Seriously people, methinks it some sort of error there, somebody put too many zeroes.

  51. Diary of a 110GHz Dell Computer by MavEtJu · · Score: 5, Funny

    Dear Diary,

    Life can be hard if you're a 110GHz computer. It wasn't until my 3.168x10E15th clockcycle that there was a movement on the mouse and I had to present a password-requestor on the screen. That might look nice, but I had to wait several million of clockcycles before I got all the needed information from the memory. Memory is sooo slow these days, I recall stories from previous generations that you could have the data the next clockcycle after you had set the address! The downfall started when but right now it's waiting waiting waiting.

    Fortunatly the password typed was wrong, so I had the fun of producing a beep for 44 billion clockcycles. It sounds an impressive length of time, but I got bored after about twenty million clockcycli and I changed the tone-height a hertz or two. That'll teach them to make these stupid mistakes!

    Yeah... life is as good as you make of it. Hmm... an interrupt. Hold on. Back. Well, 80 clockcycles for that... Stupid optimized code. How much more before we get another timer-interrupt? Aaargh, still more than 80 billion clockcycles...

    --
    bash$ :(){ :|:&};:
    1. Re:Diary of a 110GHz Dell Computer by istartedi · · Score: 4, Funny

      Let me guess. The chip's name is Marvin.

      --
      For all intensive purposes, "whom" is no longer a word. That begs the question, "who cares"?
  52. ...wonders how long it will be ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    um 6 years. 18 mo per doubling. 2-110 figure it out.

  53. Massively OT by Rupert · · Score: 2

    Sure, anyone can shake a stick 110 billion times per second

    Wow. I knew /.ers were a bunch of wankers, but I didn't realise the level of accomplishment.

    --

    --
    E_NOSIG
  54. Check your calendar. by dinotrac · · Score: 3, Funny

    I see lots of EE types checking in. I'm no EE, not even an E, though I've got a serious affection for DD's anytime I see them and my feet are EEEE wide.

    You guys who are saying this is impossible or impractical are in for some real egg on your face, though it's hard to say when.

    I managed to spirit one of these out of the IBM labs and they are fast! In fact, they're so fast that you've got to start them up tomorrow in order to do something today, which is ok, because, once they crank, they start delivering yesterday.

    Very cool. I just had Isaac Newton help me with a couple of things. By tomorrow, I should be looking up da Vinci, unless I get careless and work my way all the way back to Pythagoras.

    Of course, it's tricky staying one step behind the IBM guys. They came by for me yesterday, but I hadn't started up yet. They almost got me last month, but I gave 'em the slip the year before.

  55. Re:110 Ghz... That's unpossible by NerveGas · · Score: 3, Informative

    You're not limitted by how fast an electron can move, exactly. In fact, electrons move VERY slowly in common situations - the drift velocity in home wiring can be several feet per *second*.

    When you shove a few extra electrons in one end of a wire, the charge pushes a few electrons that were already IN the wire down a little. And they push some down a little, and they push some down a little. Just like standing in a tight line at the movies, and shoving the guy in front of you - it takes a little bit of time to propagate all the way down.

    So the real question is "If I shove an electron in this end of the conductor, how long before I get one out the other end?" The two things that determine that are (1) the nature of the conductor, and (2) the length of the conductor. By keeping the amount of circuitry on the IC very, very small (which they assuredly did), the propagation time from one end to the other drops proportionately.

    However, even beyond just making the die smaller, they are working on making materials propagate the electrical charge more quickly - recently, someone (probably IBM) showed that by using a stressed crystalline lattice, they could significantly decrease the amount of time it took to propagate from one end to the other.

    steve

    --
    Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
  56. DDR22000000 by corren · · Score: 2, Funny

    I'm so looking forward to upgrading my memory again...DDR 22000000 here we come!

  57. SiGe 8HP by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What, does it take an 8 horsepower to power each functional unit? ;-)

  58. Not that far fetched by F.O.Dobbs · · Score: 2, Interesting

    According to Moore's Law we should hit 100 ghz in about 9 years (assuming 2ghz*2^6).

  59. Processor fabrics by ka9dgx · · Score: 3, Informative
    I had this idea back in 1982 when I was in college, and keep waiting for someone to actually do it. If you could have a 1024x1024 array of 1 bit processors (state machines, actually), you could pipe data through at the clock rate of the chip, which back then I thought could be 10 Mhz, using CMOS.

    I'd still like to have even that modest potential, which would allow MAC (Multiply ACcumulate) operations at 10MSPS, for digital radio projects, etc. If you decided you need a different feature, just reprogram the fabric.

    With today's technology, I don't see why you couldn't have a 4096x4096 grid with 4 way interconnects, running with at least a 1 GHz clock. This could do real time FFT, etc, straight from RF to anything. You could implement a crossbar switch in software for at least 32 streams (being conservative) at the clock rate, in software, with plenty of capacity to spare.

    Processor fabric is a powerful concept, but Intel will never implement it, it's too much of a threat to them and their Von Neuman architecture. Someone else has to do it.

    --Mike--

    1. Re:Processor fabrics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Congratulations, you've rediscovered systolic computing! And the reason systolic designs aren't used? They're too hard to program and don't scale well.

    2. Re:Processor fabrics by Doug+Merritt · · Score: 2

      1024x1024 array of 1 bit processors

      That's what Thinking Machines did in the 1980s, roughly. They eventually moved away from bit-serial processors to more conventional bit-parallel processors.

      The main reason why highly parallel machines have never gotten really popular is that, even aside from cost, they need special programming by humans. Parallel programming is a black art compared with serial programming. Compilers can't parallelize C worth a damn.

      --
      Professional Wild-Eyed Visionary
  60. 110 GHz boxes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Imagine a Beowolf Cluster of THESE!!!

  61. Re:First post? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    AC's are kewl.

    We are one btw.

  62. Re:Wow, that's hot... No its not by Lawrence_Bird · · Score: 1

    Did you even read the press release? They seem to think the main benefit of this chip is not the speed but the reduced power usage.

    from the wire service release:

    Mr. Myerson says that one of the most important features of the new chip is that it uses much less power at slightly slower speeds. Power consumption is becoming important because, "Surprisingly, power has become a limitation," on making faster devices, he notes. The new chips will be able to handle 40 billion bits of information a second, making them suitable for the latest standard high-speed rate of data transmission, and use the same power as chips handling the current 10-billion-bit standard. Achim Hill, chief executive officer of Sierra Monolithics Inc., a Redondo Beach, Calif., maker of telecommunications components, says that using the IBM-designed chips will help Sierra cut costs and "give common carriers the incentive they need to make capital expenditures." He said carriers find as much as 30% of their operating expenses are buying power, so the low power features are likely to be appealing.

  63. Re:yeah right by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "BAT-SHIT NUTTINESS"...

    I nearly split a gut laughing over that comment. It clearly shows that induhviduals who log in on slashdot are intellectually superior to AC's.

    PS You really want to buy more swampland? I can sell you Georgia but after that I'm tapped out.

  64. When will all of this technology trickle down? by LM741N · · Score: 2

    Sure, companies can produce these superfast chips for unbelievably high data transfer rates. But when will even a tiny fraction of this bandwidth ever reach into the ordinary home or small business? My understanding is that there now is enough fiber in the country that everyone could be wired for 100Mb/s ethernet, if we could somehow bridge the few miles.

  65. Re:110 Ghz... That's unpossible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Electrons only need to go from one stage of a pipeline to the next in a clock cycle. That's the whole point of a pipeline...

  66. Good Article by soap.xml · · Score: 1

    Check out the article over at zdnet. It has a bit more content that the Rueters article...

  67. If a Processor hit 110 GHz... by Gavitron_zero · · Score: 1
    ...you would probably see little difference in performance. Every time we get a nice new line of processors, we also get a lovely new amount of bloat code in our operating systems.

    "Now that we have a 110Ghz Chip, we can use it to link directly to your brain and blah blah..."

    Faster hardware seems to be food for lazy coders.

    1. Re:If a Processor hit 110 GHz... by filtersweep · · Score: 1

      We are drifting off topic here, but oh well....

      I don't know if I entirely agree with you... although I can't argue that code is ever-expanding...

      Bus speeds (and bandwidth) don't seem to keep up with processor speeds, memory latency remains an issue, and hard drive speeds are actually almost slower (if you consider how much data they can cram onto a platter)... let's not forget the snail's pace the internet operates at (compared to the hardware accessing it)- or how slow an ink jet prints.

      I actually believe code bloat has more to do with cheap ram and cheap mass storage than processor speed... but that is a separate issue.

      There are so many bottlenecks due to marketing issues: people want large cheap hard drives/tons of RAM- AND they want to brag how fast their current CPU is. Look how many new PCs are still built with SDRAM- these may not be the high end of the product line, but I think it makes the point that people choose the CPU over any other component.

      I really believe with CPUs and graphics cards, we have been following the BRUTE FORCE path for far too long. I appreciate the backwards compatibility of this approach, but there has never been a unified design strategy involved with PC components... they are still the sum of a bunch of parts.

      --


      Those that suggest you "dance like no one is watching" really want to see you make a complete fool of yourself.
  68. A more reasonable prediction... by NerveGas · · Score: 2
    At the Intel developper forum, Craig Barrett of Intel gave his predictions for what will happen with real-world CPU's in the next 15 years. Intel has historically come pretty close to fulfilling their "predictions", so I have at least a little confidence in this. The details are at the bottom of this page, but here are some tidbits:

    • 2 billion transistors
    • 30GHz clock frequencies
    • 10nm (0.01-micron) transistors
    • Processing power of 1 trillion instructions per second
    • Built on 300nm (12") wafers eventually moving to 18" wafers and beyond


    steve
    --
    Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
  69. ooh quantum computers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    How long until some putz here mentions quantum computers. arghhhhhh

  70. Nah by Pope · · Score: 1

    distributed.net client, burnt into the wafer!

    --
    It doesn't mean much now, it's built for the future.
  71. Ho ho ho! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Does this mean that Hyperchip, the useless bottomless cash black hole, is dead before the race even begins!? I sure hope so!

  72. Marketing Hype!!!! by pagercam2 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Intel and IBM and others gain headlines every few weeks with these new mirical technologies, and evryone (who isn't technical enough), assumes that means that 100GHz pentiums (or put yor favorite processor here) will be out by Xmas. Transistors need to be atleast 10-100 times faster as a ring oscilator as they can be for a reliable gate (AND, XOR, NOT ....). Oscillations are sine waves, digital gates require sharp transitions so you need to be a minimum of 10 slower to get reliable timing characteristics. There is also a world of difference between getting one transistor to work in the lab in nice quiet conditions and getting 400 million transistors working together on a chip (ALU, MMU, L1 cache, L2 cache ......) by the time you factor all those and having balanced timing across a chip, means that a simple circuit at 100GHz yields a produces a 10GHz processor. Intell supposedly has P4 at 3GHz already so just to stay competitive 10GHz will be required in a couple of years no big deal, but certainly it will be a couple more years before 100GHz chips surface. The problem has been and continues to be logic is getting faster, but memory is only inching ahead, its like having a dragster that can hit 300MPH, but not having any roads without curves.

  73. Speed of light not the limit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It seems the speed of limit is no longer the limit.

    Amazingly, this is happening. Last year, researchers shot pulses of laser light through a cell of cesium gas and found that the pulses would exit the cell before they entered, moving up to 310 times faster than light.

    How is this possible? No one quite agrees. But some researchers argue that pulses of light in a cesium cell don't actually violate Einsteinian physics. In reality, they're performing a sophisticated information trick.


    ROB Article

  74. And the future gets worse .... by taniwha · · Score: 3, Informative
    yup - the basic problem is very simple - propagation is proportional to RC (the resistance times the capacitance) - you have to charge up the capacitance of the wire (wrt ground and other wires around) as well as the target gate(s) before you can measure the signal at the other end.



    That's why copper wires were important - they reduced R. C on the other hand is a different matter - for years and years (untill about 3-4 years ago) no-one cared about the capacitance of wires - because they were usually small compared with the capacitance of gates and the ratios tended to scale down as device features scaled down - everything got faster together ... then as wires started to get really thin something called the 'edge effect' started to kick in - basicly the wire is a flat plate and the capacitance is proportional to it's area (for fixed width wires that also means proportional to it's length) plus the edge effect which is proportional to it's perimiter. The edge effect was always there but small, it changes roughly linearly when a chip is scaled while area changes with the square of the area - the area component has been getting smaller a lot faster than the edge-effect one which now often dominates.



    To make matters worse many of our CAD tools have untill quite recently made statistical guesses about wire capacitance which worked OK during things like synthesis (compiling to gates) when the wire capacitance was a small part of the equation, now it does matter and means the the whole structure of synthesis tools will have to change to perform combined synthesis and layout operations in order to create optimal circuits

  75. Not So Good Article by Cougar1 · · Score: 1

    Actually, the zdnet article is a bit misleading, since it tries to spin the IBM announcement about a communications chip into a competition between Intel and IBM over semiconductor processing superiority. However, the IBM chip is based on heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), rather than MOSFETs. Intel doesn't make HBTs and probably never will, since their strength is in logic circuitry (ie. MOSFETs).

    HBTs are primarily used for communications applications as low-noise, high-frequency amplifiers. Intel isn't in this market and as far as I know has no plans to enter it. Intel is trying to make inroads into the DSP portion of the communications market, but that's a different topic altogether. So, basically the zdnet article takes a bunch of unrelated information and tries to spin it together into single story and does a rather poor job.

  76. It isn't a 110GHz P4... by bdaehlie · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    I think he meant: "dude, you've got a 110GHz G5"!

  77. Here's what this is really for... by Richthofen80 · · Score: 1

    now i know the article says circuit, not chip, and its like about 10+ years before we could see this, but a lot of slashdotters are wondering what we'd use this processing power for, if it did become available on a processor.

    The best answer i can think of it is aerospace. I think once CPUs can do a decent amount of work in ultrasmall time slices, the idea of moving at .25C+ in some sort of space vehicle. Sure, propulsion systems are way lagging behind... but the processing power is almost there... realitistcally, you can't move at speeds even close to light because you're moving so fast you can't take the time to look to see if a little piece of debris is in the way....

    --
    Reason, free market capitalism, and individualism
  78. Hot Hot Hot!!! by bigfatlamer · · Score: 1

    Granted, this isn't a PC chip, but one wonders how long it will be before we hear 'dude, you've got a 110GHz Dell!'

    Dude...your 110 GHz Dell melted through your desk 55 times faster than my my 2Ghz Dell did. Coo!

    --
    There's one thing computing teaches you, and that's that there's no point to remembering everything.
    --Doug Copland
  79. Pass the Visine by quakeroatz · · Score: 1

    I'm interested to see, if @ 110ghz, with Q3 cranked to 1600x1200x32, my eyes actually bleed from their sockets.

  80. Exehertz? by diggem · · Score: 1

    Yep.. I aint upgrading my 350Mhz box till they come out with the 12 Exehertz chips n boards.

  81. We will need async processors by anandsr · · Score: 1

    "Did you know that P4 has a couple of pipeline stages that do nothing but propagate signal?"

    Well, the empty pipeline stages are for clock
    synchronisation. The thing is that all pipelines
    must take the same time. So some do a very little
    job, others are there to just synchronise with
    other parallel stages. The single clock is the
    basic problem.

    The solution is to use an asynchronous processors.
    We are at a stage when possibly the current single
    clock architecture is going to provide diminishing
    returns.

    Also now it seems that processors have enough die
    area to put in SMT, for better utilisation of CPU
    power. In a couple of years we must see some proc.
    capable of running two or more threads. The only
    bottleneck there is the Windows Monopoly, otherwise
    we could have had it by now. With more space on the
    die we could put larger caches, probably having
    whole pages in a large onchip DRAM.

    There is still a lot of juice in current Silicon
    technologies to last this decade and more. I
    simply drool thinking of what we will be able to
    do by the end of the decade. Well only if Internet
    could improve this fast.

  82. Re:Wow, that's hot... No its not by essiescreet · · Score: 1

    Actually, lawrence, I did not. Honestly, I don't really care. Maybe you have better things to do... Or not? This is from Websters Website:

    http://www.websters.com

    [Latin iocus. See yek- in Indo-European Roots.] jokingly adv. Synonyms: joke, jest, witticism, quip, sally, crack, wisecrack, gag These nouns refer to something that is said or done in order to evoke laughter or amusement. Joke especially denotes an amusing story with a punch line at the end: told jokes at the party. Jest suggests frolicsome humor: amusing jests that defused the tense situation. A witticism is a witty, usually cleverly phrased remark: a speech full of witticisms. A quip is a clever, pointed, often sarcastic remark: responded to the tough questions with quips. Sally denotes a sudden quick witticism: ended the debate with a brilliant sally. Crack and wisecrack refer less formally to flippant or sarcastic retorts: made a crack about my driving ability; punished for making wisecracks in class. Gag is principally applicable to a broadly comic remark or to comic by-play in a theatrical routine: one of the most memorable gags in the history of vaudeville.

  83. Bus speeds by morie · · Score: 1
    CPU speed won't matter squat if bus speeds remain as slow as they are today.

    Indeed! Today my bus was so slow, it took me 40 minutes longer to get to work and boot up my computer. Next time, I'll ride a bike or something

    --
    Sig (appended to the end of comments I post, 54 chars)
  84. Not enough transistors for a CPU by peter303 · · Score: 2

    The non-Silicon circuits have always been a factor of ten faster than CMOS, but also one to three orders of magnitude less dense. Many of the 1980s/1990s supers put critical circuits in GaAs. The early Risc CPUs were just a few tens of thousands of transistor with very simple instructions and making the compiler do the work. For example, hardware "multiple" was off-loaded to software. Perhaps IBM might offer a simple CPU in exchange for speed.

  85. Re:110 Ghz... That's unpossible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    > When you shove a few extra electrons in one
    >end of a wire, the charge pushes a few electrons
    >that were already IN the wire down a little. And
    >they push some down a little, and they push some
    >down a little. Just like standing in a tight
    >line at the movies, and shoving the guy in front
    >of you - it takes a little bit of time to
    >propagate all the way down.

    steve.

    From the one end of the wire to the other end, there is another path: The air.
    The air is a capacitor. The resistance of the capacitor as we all know is 1/fC.
    The resistance of the wire is fixed R.
    So in very high frequencies, it might be better for the current travel through the air in form of electromagnetic radiation, instead of what you describe.

  86. Next generation ... and the last by SimCash · · Score: 1
    So, we see that ~1mm is the distance limit because c in the material is too slow - the next generation chips will be little hard vacuums with state information stored in one of the other 7 dimensions so that signals are not impeded by the materials used in the chip.

    As for my old 1.2G processors, I am going to start using them as domain controllers for my electric fences ... "hello post 42, acknowledge ... now."

  87. This is an analog device by dtyeh · · Score: 1

    Why do you all have to make everything related to computers?

    This is an old school transistor that does analog signal amplification on things like sine waves. It is used for signal processing and amplification in communications applications such as wireless phones and cable TV amplifiers.

    These bipolar devices are not very practical for digital processing at high speeds because they consume so much power, but they're more efficient than CMOS devices for analog amplification, which is still crucial in all our communications devices.

    Advances in technology that produce amplifiers that can handle higher frequencies allow us to use communications bands -- groups of frequencies used to transmit a signal -- that we have never been able to use before. That allows us to transmit more data over the same medium.

    In addition, faster amplifiers respond more quickly to the light pulses coming off a fiber optic line, also allowing data to be transmitted faster.

    I am so surprised there is no one on this forum that understands the significance of transistors that can amplify signals at higher frequencies. I guess the primary audience is computer enthusiasts.

  88. nothing impressive by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just a ring oscillator;
    a 210 GHz transistor can not be used for much else;
    maybe a 2-level combinatorial logic or something, but my bet is that they made a 3-gate ring oscillator and are bragging like mad about it

  89. Re:110 Ghz... That's unpossible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Electrons are funny. Gravity in a black hole is so immense that not even light can escape. Since not even light can escape, how are electrons being spued out of a black hole?

    It's theorized that electrons can co-exist in two points at the same time. So some electrons are litterally popping out of knowhere outside the black hole's event horizon and flying out into space. We could have multidimensional CPUs calculating at the speed of time. H. G. Wells anyone?