Slashdot Mirror


11 Digit Dialing Comes Home to New York

Traicovn writes "The NY Times (free registration, yadda yadda) is carrying an article about 11 digit dialing coming to the city of New York for all phone calls, including inner city calls. Yes, that means even to dial across the street you will have to dial 1-xxx-xxx-xxxx. Eventually as the phone number system fills up because of more people having cellphones/pager/fax and a home/office phone line we may see this happening in more cities across the nation or the NANPA may have to intervene by making phone numbers longer in general."

82 of 654 comments (clear)

  1. Better Idea by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Why not just give every phone an IP adress?

    1. Re:Better Idea by mirko · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Maybe because IPv6 has not yet gone mainstream ?
      I don't think that 2^32 different addresses could be enough.

      --
      Trolling using another account since 2005.
    2. Re:Better Idea by hcdejong · · Score: 2

      Uh, because it would be bloody annoying to have to tap out a 38-digit number (IPv6 has 10^38 possible combinations, IPv4 doesn't have the capacity to be used for telephony) everytime you wanted to reach someone?

    3. Re:Better Idea by grub · · Score: 2, Funny


      Use Telephony-DNS!

      "Phone, dial Universe.Milky-Way.Earth.Canada.Ontario.Toronto.Ma in-Street.2871.apartment-832.Smith.Robert.Henry" That's much easier than having to remember 11 digits!

      --
      Trolling is a art,
    4. Re:Better Idea by Jugalator · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yes, using IPv6 where the phones are of course connected to a DNS as well is an interesting thought... An international standard for how to "build" these "dial addresses" would be useful as well. They could reuse country codes too. My phone number could be something like:

      <number>.pitea.bd.se

      "pitea" is the city. "bd" is for Norrbotten, the equivalent of a state in the USA. "se" is Sweden.

      Quite short for being international too and you'd just need to add a number when necessary (i.e. not restricted to a special format of, say, 9 digits).

      But there might be some "funny" moments when someone hack the DNS to redirect a "phone address" to a pr0n number, redir CowboyNeal's number to Hilary Rosen, etc. :-(

      Or if a DNS with its backups get an error and you have to phone using IPv6 format to get to the right place: 3ffe:8114:2000:240::1 ... eww

      --
      Beware: In C++, your friends can see your privates!
    5. Re:Better Idea by forgoil · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The only solution to that is to hide the number. Using a DNS might not be the best way though (as someone suggested), as the would only mean we need to remember even more oddities.

      So how do we remember people's emails? Using automatic address books. How do I remember someones mobile phone number? I don't write them down, and I can't even recall my own number from memory. Again address books.

      So the answer is that we will get even more advanced address books that hide away the IP (or whatever ID might be used) simply because it is too hard to remember those numbers. Most phones have these already and it gets easier and easier to exchange mobile phone numbers.

      And to make it even easier, I guess it would be easier and easier to redirect calls. For example, I am done with work and am on my way home. My bluetooth in my mobile phone no longer has any connection to the phone at work, so it automatically changes to mobile phone first. When I get home my home phone says hi to my mobile phone, and once again it automatically redirects me. And when someone calls me they automatically get redirected to where I am, and they only need to keep one single entry on me. Simple and easy.

      All the technology is there (more or less) already, it all needs to be integrated. And if you are wondering what M$ might be up to, I bet this is something like it (and with emails as well). Just a guess;)

    6. Re:Better Idea by sql*kitten · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Uh, because it would be bloody annoying to have to tap out a 38-digit number (IPv6 has 10^38 possible combinations, IPv4 doesn't have the capacity to be used for telephony) everytime you wanted to reach someone?

      I don't think this is a problem. Most of my calls I make from my Nokia and I have all the numbers I use in there, like "Bobby (Home)" or "John {Work)". And numbers usually get into the phone from another electronic device anyway, IR link from another Nokia, vcard via SMS or however. It won't be too long before the idea of phone numbers is as obsolete as keying an IP address (yes I know Slashbots probably use IP addresses every day, but the typical user has no idea that there even is such a thing). When was the last time you emailed someone as username@aaa.bb.ccc.dd?

    7. Re:Better Idea by Ducon+Lajoie · · Score: 5, Informative
      It exists (more or less) and it's called ENUM. It's a IETF WG. You can find the marketing stuff here.

      Before you go running in the streets naked yelling Eureka, consider the privacy implication of the said technology and other related issues. Google it. Thanks.

    8. Re:Better Idea by Gudlyf · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I was actually wondering why they didn't just start new area codes in states just for pagers and cell phones. That would've saved everyone a LOT of headaches.

      --
      Trolls lurk everywhere. Mod them down.
    9. Re:Better Idea by kryonD · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That's all well and good until you break your phone and realize that the only numbers you know are 911 and POSSIBLY your home number. I live in Japan where EVERYONE has a cell phone and they show the same dependancy. My cell phone got dropped in water once and I damned near had a heart attack freaking out over the possibility of losing so many phone numbers and email addresses. Fortunately, my new phone has a SONY 8MB memory stick which I back everything up to periodically. (I did recover the stuff from my old phone...Docomo phones are damned near indestructable)

      Also, I type out full email addresses just about everytime I send an email to friends off of my work's Outlook Web Access. Maybe there's a better way, but it's not that hard to remember an old fashioned email address.

      --
      I've dirtied my hands writing poetry, for the sake of seduction; that is, for the sake of a useful cause. --Dostoevsky
    10. Re:Better Idea by Da_Weasel · · Score: 2, Informative

      'Why not just give every phone an IP adress?'
      http://www.vonage.com/

      This actually had nothing to do with not having enough phone numbers here in NYC. The FCC decided that Verizon had an unfair advantage since it owned most all 212 numbers. In case you don't know, 212 was originally the only area code in Manhattan, and this is where big business is. For companies that got numbers other than 212, they had to deal with 11 digit dialing for most business to business calls. This made 212 numbers coveted by the business sector. In an attempt to balance this out the FCC ruled that all calls now need to use the full 11 digits.
      This is a bit of a pain to me, since I work as the IT manager at a Call Center in Manhattan. Everything we do has a phone number associated with it. This means that all of the 2000+ phone numbers we own, plus any of our clients numbers, stored in any one of 30 different places need to be checked to make sure that the full area code is being used.

      --
      If you must!
    11. Re:Better Idea by TygerFish · · Score: 4, Informative
      Something tells me that this is a holdover from earlier times and more primative equipment.


      You, kryonD, are absolutely right (and perceptive) to note that the number of digits is hardly justified, except that the numbers in question are divided among localized geographical areas in an arrangement from a time where phones were much thinner on the ground.

      If memory serves, once upon a time, the individual exchanges were nice, neat affairs where human operators interfaced with the system directly, placing and connecting calls through switchboards, with small phone numbers preceded by a few digits which indicated the exchange of the call's recipient. These early prefixes often formed a mnemonic reference; 'Operator, please give me, "Butterfield-six-three-three..."'

      The ineficiencies you point out seem to be the result of a system with a lot of built-in legacy thinking which points back to far less sophisticated technologies.

      Basically, if everyone in the country, or on earth shared one phone system, putting us all under one umbrella from New York and on to far Beijing, a rationalized system would work but you would be very hard pressed to interest anyone in establishing one.

      --
      To mail me, remove the 'mailno' from my email addy.
      "Yeah. It smells, too..."
    12. Re:Better Idea by innate · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Why do you even need 10 digit dialing in NY?

      You don't just need 10-digit dialing, you need 11-digit dialing because 11-digit dialing is deterministic. For example, say you are visiting another city and someone gives you a phone number to call -- an area code you don't recognize. In the US there is no way to be sure you are dialing the number correctly.

      To properly dial a number in the traditional US system, you have to know: (1) what area code you are in now, (2) what area code you are dialing, (3) the physical location of the number you are calling relative to where you are now, (4) the inter-LATA boundaries of the area you are in.

      Numbers in the same area code may be long-distance (requiring 11-digit dialing) or not (requiring 7-digit dialing). Traditionally, you would try it one way -- if it didn't work, try it the other way.

      With mandatory (or even optional) 11-digit dialing for local numbers you can now dial a number and know for sure that it is going through. For example, you can program your notebook's modem to call your local ISP using 11-digit dialing and it will work no matter where in the country you are (even from home).

      The problem is unique to North America: most countries require you to dial an access code before the phone number, such as 0 before domestic calls in Europe. Effectively that works the same way as 11-digit dialing will work here.

      --
      No, I don't want to explore the Recycle Bin.
    13. Re:Better Idea by Gordonjcp · · Score: 2, Informative

      This is what they do in the UK. Numbers start 00 for international (which is standard), 01 and 02 for national numbers and 07 for mobile devices like pagers (there's only about 30 or so in use now, but some people won't give them up) and mobile phones.

      All the different mobile phone companies are then assigned number ranges within the 07 group, like Orange is 078 and 079, kind of thing.

    14. Re:Better Idea by wrenkin · · Score: 2, Informative

      It's only 10 digit. You don't have to dial the 1 if you're calling between 416, 905 and 647 (I think that's the new one).

      --
      -- "Is this death or is this Ohio?"
  2. ET Phone Home... by Big+Mark · · Score: 2, Funny

    No, first you dial the country code. Yes, and then the area code. Now the city code... and now the local extension...

    ...

    Fool! You dialled to KFC, not home!

    Stupid alien.

  3. When will the idiot phone companies by porkchop_d_clown · · Score: 3, Informative

    Start supporting number-sharing? I have 3 phone lines, but only one of them is ever used to receive calls....

    1. Re:When will the idiot phone companies by ruzel · · Score: 2, Informative

      I have an IP phone at my office that we are testing with Broadvox.net. I give the IP phone # to everyone. You can then set up the phone so that it will forward or rollover certain numbers. For instance, I have list of vendors that call to sell me stuff all the time. When they call the office phone, if I don't pick up, they get routed to voicemail. If my Mom calls, though, the system sends her from my office phone, to my cell phone, and then to my home phone. If I don't pick up any of those she goes to voicemail. All the numbers and all the settings are available via the web as well and when I'm staying in a hotel I can temporarily add that number to the forwarding list.

      IP telephony is amazing. Having one number that's adjustable for different callers is fantastic. Broadvox is still testing but they'll have personal service within the year, I think.
      _____________________

  4. Welcome to the club by analog_line · · Score: 4, Interesting

    In Massachussetts, we've had 11-digit dialing required for at least a year. I'm suprised that New York is just getting to this point. There's a whole lot more phones in NYC than here.

    1. Re:Welcome to the club by SpikeSpegiel · · Score: 3, Informative

      Not only do we have 11 digit dialing, we have multiple area codes in MA that are the SAME AREA! Such as 508/774, 781/339. Somone with a new phone number accros the street from my parents (who have 508) could get a 774 number. (its not long distance).

      I'm in western MA right now, and there is only one area code out here, 413. From what I hear from the phone companies though, since Boston went so well converting us to 11 digits, (aside from the many complaints :P) Verizon is looking at converting most areas. After all, it is so hard for a telephone switch to detect that a number being dialed is 7 rather than 11 digits......

    2. Re:Welcome to the club by Alranor · · Score: 3, Funny

      636/939 ??

      And when people decide they don't like 2 separate area codes in the same town, are they going to build a large garbage wall down the middle and get The Who to play on it?? :)

  5. It just won't sound the same... by vought · · Score: 5, Funny

    One-two-one-two-eight-six-seven-five-three-oh niyeeeeeiyne!

    1. Re:It just won't sound the same... by moosesocks · · Score: 2, Informative

      First off, the song was set in New Jersey.

      212 used to be used for the entire state of New York.

      201 used to be used for the entire state of New Jersey (and it was at the time the song was written)

      --
      -- If you try to fail and succeed, which have you done? - Uli's moose
  6. Why the '1' ?? by blakespot · · Score: 5, Insightful
    We have had to use 10-digit dialing here in the DC area (I am in Alexandria, VA in NoVA) for a while now and I don't see what adding a 1 is going to do...esp. if you add it to each call.


    So 10-digit == 11-digit dialing, basically, no?



    blakespot

    --
    -- Heisenberg may have slept here.
    iPod Hacks.com
    1. Re:Why the '1' ?? by b1t+r0t · · Score: 3, Informative
      The difference is that with 10-digit dialing, all the local area codes are reserved and not used as exchange codes (the second three of the ten digits) in those area codes. Then it looks at the first three numbers you dial, and if they are not one of the local area codes, it does 7-digit dialing.

      Why 11 vs 10 digits? I can only think of two reasons. Either there are enough area codes in the local area that they don't want to waste the exchange codes, or they need a new area code and don't want to force the people who have it as their exchange to change their 7-digit number.

      And now that I've gone all through this, the sometimes-10, sometimes-7 digit dialing that IIRC is used in the Dallas Metroplex area vs always-10 digits still doesn't make a case for needing the 1 in front. In fact, without the 1, 7-digit dialing could still be assumed. So I'm still just as confused as you are.

      --

      --
      "Open source is good." - Steve Jobs
      "Open source is evil." - Microsoft
    2. Re:Why the '1' ?? by jdreed1024 · · Score: 4, Interesting
      We have had to use 10-digit dialing here in the DC area (I am in Alexandria, VA in NoVA) for a while now and I don't see what adding a 1 is going to do...esp. if you add it to each call.

      Yeah, same in Boston. We recently got some new area codes added to our local calling area, so we have to dial 10 digits instead of the previous 7. We certainly don't have to dial the '1'.

      By contrast, however, in Rhode Island (401 for the whole state), when New England Telephone became NYNEX (yes, it was always a subsidiary, but when they actually changed the name), we had to dial '1' + 7 digits if we were calling outside our local calling area, but within 401. Then they became Bell Atlantic, and we had to dial 1+401+7 digits outside the local calling area (but within 401). Then they became verizon, and now you just dial 7 digits anywhere within 401, and it's up to you to remember whether it's a local call or a toll call.

      So, I think basically the "1" is at the whim of the phone companies, and it is no longer the reserved digit signifying "long distance". Unless of course the NYT got it wrong. Someone who works for the phone companies (or has hacked into their switches - Hi Kevin!) should explain to us why New Yorkers need to dial a 1 when they have overlay codes, and those of us elsewhere (Boston, DC) don't.

      --
      There is no sig, there is only Zuul.
    3. Re:Why the '1' ?? by smackdaddy · · Score: 2, Informative

      And now that I've gone all through this, the sometimes-10, sometimes-7 digit dialing that IIRC is used in the Dallas Metroplex area vs always-10 digits still doesn't make a case for needing the 1 in front. In fact, without the 1, 7-digit dialing could still be assumed. So I'm still just as confused as you are.

      The Dallas Metroplex has 10 digit dialing. There are 3 area codes (214, 972, 469). So you always have to dial 10 digits. I don't see what 11 digits buys new york over 10 though, cause if the first digit is always 1 then effectively you have gained nothing over just adding another area code.

    4. Re:Why the '1' ?? by zzyzx · · Score: 2, Insightful

      yeah but at least that way you know whether or not you're paying for the call. That can be a good thing to know.

    5. Re:Why the '1' ?? by Detritus · · Score: 2, Informative

      1 is the country code for the NANP (North American Numbering Plan) but that isn't applicable to calls within the USA. The leading 1 in a telephone number was originally a way to route the call to a toll (long distance) switch, back when telephone switches were electro-mechanical, using relays and stepper switches. They had to keep the call-handling logic as simple as possible. Today, some areas misuse it as an indication to the caller that the call is not a local call. The one meaning that is universal, except in those areas misusing it as a toll indicator, is that a leading 1 means that the switch can expect to receive 10 more digits. This means that the switch does not have to use a timeout timer to know when the caller has finished dialing the number.

      --
      Mea navis aericumbens anguillis abundat
  7. Atlanta has 10 digit dialing... by LordYUK · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ... and except for the week it happened (and listening to the "you must dial the area code" message umpteen times because your fingers arent trained to dial the extra 3 digits to call down the street), it isnt so bad. In fact, down south they have a very large local calling area, which more than makes up for having to dial extra digits. I dont know about New Yorks call pricings, but who cares if you have to dial a "1" before every call now, as long as its not considered a toll call.

    --
    This is my sig. Its pathetic.
    1. Re:Atlanta has 10 digit dialing... by SquierStrat · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Large local calling area is an understatement!
      all of middle Georgia (which is essentially the metro-Atlanta area) is free along with parts of north Georgia. Any call to 770, 678 and 404 is a free call from within those area codes and parts of 706 constitute a local call from within 770, 678 and 404. We looooooove our phone system here. :-) I'm 19, and in over 19 years my family has had 2 issues with the telephone line, both were with a second line we had a couple years ago (prior to getting DSL), occurred in the same day, and were fixed on that same day. Between our great local calling area, fair prices (for home lines...business lines are a little to pricey I think but that's me...) and the service I've personally experienced, I can't find anything to complain about Bellsouth. However, the place I've worked for has switched among several providers for our business lines and we've had issue after issue with all of them. Gotta love Atlanta and telecom!

      --
      Derek Greene
  8. Why do they have to dial 1? by BigJimmy · · Score: 2, Informative

    Why do they have to dial 1? In Toronto and Vancouver (Canada) they have had their area codes overlaid for quite some time and they only have to dial 10 digits.

  9. *yawn* by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    get a cellphone and you don't need to think about numbers.

    just search a name from the list and press dial

  10. Nothing New by Zephy · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here in the UK, major cities have had to change their numbers twice in recent years to accomodate number growth. It's not such a big deal, though. At present london numbers are 11 digits long 020x xxx xxxx , though the 020 can be omitted when dialling locally. Shouldn't the surprise be that this hasn't happened sooner?

  11. Trunk Hunting by nuxx · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Easy solution... Just call up your phone company and tell them you want trunk hunting set up across the three lines that you have. In my experience this hasn't cost any extra, and it'll cause one number to roll over to the next phones if the first is busy.

    Is this what you're looking to do? It works well and doesn't cost anything.

    1. Re:Trunk Hunting by The+Salamander · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Some phone companies recognize this as "Call Forwarding 2".

      Keep at them until they admit it exists.

      Worked great for rolling over my landline to my cell phone (and thus voice mail). Atleast until I dropped my landline and say buh-bye to the bastards!

    2. Re:Trunk Hunting by jackb_guppy · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This does not fix the issue.

      Why does a person need three numbers? Why does a business need 200?

      Yes direct dail is cute, but unnessary. Most places only list the master number any way. Even on caller id, so if I place a redail I get the master number, so why have direct lines? Even for those few that a direct number can help... why give it to all?

      This is same agruement with public and private IPs. Why does company that bought a T1 get a class C, too?

      Finally - I have lived now in both 10 and 11 digit dail areas. (Orlando, FL and Northwestern IL) - and to say one thing -- it sucks. The big problem is that you are unable to tell when you make a long distance call until the bill comes at the end of month. The papers in this area report that 11 diigit will be fore every one. Becuasr they want to assign you a number life - that follws you around.

      So in the future what is phone number... look to the SS.

    3. Re:Trunk Hunting by swb · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yes direct dail is cute, but unnessary. Most places only list the master number any way. Even on caller id, so if I place a redail I get the master number, so why have direct lines? Even for those few that a direct number can help... why give it to all?

      Businesses with updated phone systems and ISDN PRI can deliver desktop calling party info to outside lines as well as internally. Many places (like us) haven't made that upgrade yet and still rely on T1 trunking which doesn't have that capability -- on our system you get just the trunk number.

      The advantage to direct inward dial is huge. For a company of 500 people, you'd need 5 people to handle incoming call routing (4 operators and a supervisor), that's easily $200k in pay & bennies alone compared to under $5k for DID capable trunks.

      You *could* have a voicemail system answer the calls and do some lame menu/directory system, but many businesses and customers can't or won't tolerate that, they want a person or an individual voicemailbox to answer it.

    4. Re:Trunk Hunting by quantum+bit · · Score: 4, Informative

      Why does a person need three numbers? Why does a business need 200?

      They don't. Pretty much any business with 200 or more phone lines will use PRIs. A PRI is a T1 line (24 channels) to the phone company. So your business would have 9 PRIs coming in, for a total of 216 channels. A PRI channel allows for an outgoing call, but it does NOT have its own phone number. The way it works is that the business buys a block of DID numbers, however many they need, and those get routed over the PRI. An incoming call to one of those numbers uses whatever channel is available and sends a signal to your PBX identifying which number was dialed. This is much more efficient and cost effective than the single line / phone number model.

      So no businness in their right mind would have 200 individual phone lines dropped in a single location. It's just inefficient and a management nightmare.

    5. Re:Trunk Hunting by Havokmon · · Score: 3, Insightful
      They don't. Pretty much any business with 200 or more phone lines will use PRIs. A PRI is a T1 line (24 channels) to the phone company. So your business would have 9 PRIs coming in, for a total of 216 channels.

      Umm no. They'll have a single PRI (specifically 23 B channels and 1 D - so 9 PRI's would actually only allow 207 simultanious incoming and outgoing calls - but I digress), and 200 numbers. The numbers are, hopefully, one nice large bank, and when the PBX receives a call for 555-1212, it'll be smart enough to see 'oh 1212 is ours, that goes to ext 1212'. At least that's the easy way to do it ;) When you move up to T1's, you'll route to extensions via DNIS digits. The easy way to do that is also by the last 4 digits (but it sucks when you get an 800# that happens to have the same last 4 as another 800 or an internal extension - but again I digress)

      --
      "I can't give you a brain, so I'll give you a diploma" - The Great Oz (blatently stolen sig)
  12. What about how Europe does it? by _PimpDaddy7_ · · Score: 2, Interesting

    In Europe the cell numbers are separate from home lines, so you know when you are calling a cell or not.

    Here in America all the numbers are mixed so when you dial a number you can't be that sure it's a cell. This has caused the numbers to fill up FAST.

    1. Re:What about how Europe does it? by little1973 · · Score: 2

      Yeah, and in Hungary (but I think in most European countries) you can even tell the provider from the telephone number.

      06-20-xxx-xxxx PANNON
      06-30-xxx-xxxx WESTEL
      06-70-xxx-xxxx VODAFONE

      They are 11 digits also and it has the advantage that you can keep your phone bill low. If you want to reach someone and he has a fix and a mobile number you should try the fix first (it is cheaper). Or if you are a eg. a WESTEL subscriber then calling another WESTEL subscriber is cheaper than calling eg. a PANNON subscriper. So, it is advatageous to know what kind of number you call.

      --
      Government cannot make man richer, but it can make him poorer. - Ludwig von Mises
  13. Registration free version by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here

    Paul

  14. Are the number's really all used up? by worldthinker · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Based on anecdotal evidence, I beleive that the various phone companies are hording number exchanges. Here in Chicago, there are many prefixes that are not available in adjacent area codes. It goes along with the general take no prisoner's approach the various ILEC's take in dealing with competition.

  15. Reminds me of that Seinfeld episode ... by JSkills · · Score: 5, Funny
    ... where Elaine gives some guy she meets her phone number with the new "646" area code. The guy's like "so how far away do you live?" and "so do I have to dial 1 first"? He eventually makes up an excuse to get away from her, just so he doesn't have to deal with the different area code issue.

    Ok, mod me down now, that was pretty off topic. Sorry.

  16. Why so many digits? by occamboy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Somebody help me get a clue: At first glance, it would seem that a seven digit number would be good for almost 10 million phone numbers, while adding three more digits would take us up to more than one phone number per inhabitant of our planet.

    Why so many digits? Why are we running out of phone numbers?

    And, while we're at it, why not assign each individual a phone number that they keep for life, no matter where they move, like a domain name? I'd imagine that modern telco equipment could support this by now.

    1. Re:Why so many digits? by dlevitan · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That sounds like a good idea, but there's a problem with it. How many phone lines do you have for yourself? A cell phone, regular phone, maybe fax machine, and who knows what else. So you might need 5 different phone numbers. How do you account for that?

      Also, remember that its not only people who need phone numbers. I forget the exact number of people in NYC, but let's say its 10 million - enough to fill one area code. But remember the number of businesses in NYC, and the number of people who have cell phones, fax machines, etc... Also remember that there are only 5 or 6 area codes in NYC (I forget how many exactly), so that's only good for 50-60 million numbers. On top of all their numbers, they still need room for future expansion, because so far, people just keep getting more numbers. So that's why we need more and more numbers.

    2. Re:Why so many digits? by Kamel+Jockey · · Score: 4, Informative

      Why are we running out of phone numbers?

      I am not sure how they do things in New York, but down here in Pennsylvania, any time a competing local exchange carrier or a cell phone carrier wants to provide service, they must buy the numbers from Verizon in 10000-sized blocks (1 entire prefix), even if they end up selling only 1 to 9999 lines. When they deregulated the phone system in this state, lots of companies bought up these blocks but never resold anything close to same amount to end-customers. The result (at least in Philadelphia) is that we now have 6 area codes for the city (215, 267 and 445) and suburban (610, 484 and 835) areas although there hasn't been a net gain in population in this region (mostly people moving out of the city and into the suburbs). I read somewhere that they are trying to reduce the block sizes down to 1000 numbers, but I am not sure how this is progressing.

      --
      In case of fire, do not use elevator. Use water!
    3. Re:Why so many digits? by hcdejong · · Score: 2, Informative

      One big factor is the way numbers are allocated. For historical reasons, numbers are grouped: every number with an XYZ prefex gets routed to the XYZ exchange. Once you placed an exchange somewhere, it had 10^5 phone numbers available, whether it needed them or not. I think you'll still find a lot of prefixes that haven't been filled yet.

      A similar thing happens when netblocks are given to companies. If a company needs 1500 phone lines, 10,000 numbers are reserved (think about it as applying a decimal netmask).

      Now that phone exchanges are mostly digital (over here, the last analog exchange was phased out years ago, IDK about the US, though), it should be possible to free up those unused numbers.

      There are more reasons: at least over here, many numbers are 'locked away' in unused 'prepaid' SIM cards for cellphones. In the US, I expect that rivalry between phone companies will prevent them sharing their number pools.

    4. Re:Why so many digits? by sg3000 · · Score: 4, Informative

      > Why are we running out of phone numbers?

      It has to do with the fact that service providers are assigned blocks of numbers, rather than individual numbers for their subscribers. So imagine two service providers A and B. Maybe they both get a single 10,000 block of phone numbers. Imagine that A has 9,000 subscribers (and thus has used 90%) of their numbers, and B has 1,000 subscribers (and has used 10%). If A gains another 2,000 subscribers, they can't use B's number block. They have to apply to the FCC for another block of 10,000 numbers. In the meantime, B is has plenty of room. As a result, you run out of numbers, even though they're not all being used.

      Their is a concept called Number Pooling that means that if a service provider has a block of 1,000 numbers that they aren't using, they have to return that block of numbers to the "pool" for other service providers to use. Number Pooling is mandated in many areas under specific circumstances.

      The telecom industry is slowly getting away from the idea of number block routing. With Number Portability and Number Pooling, they're moving towards a system that improves on that. Number blocks are "tagged" as having a subscriber that no longer has service with the service provider that owns that block. Then the switch goes to a centralized database and determines where that subscriber is, and the call is routed accordingly.

      Number Portability exists in a limited extent today, so in many areas of the country when you move between service providers (but stay in the same service area), you can keep your phone number. So the situation is being alleviated, but New York is probably the biggest market in the country, and things are pretty strained there.

      > And, while we're at it, why not assign each
      > individual a phone number that they keep for
      > life, no matter where they move, like a domain
      > name?

      Telecom companies are working on this. A concept called ENUM allows subscribers to be assigned IP addresses that are abstracted from the ways the actual call is routed. This is mostly coming about because of VoIP, but it has merits with regular E.164 telephone numbers as well. The telecom industry moves a little slower than the computer industry, so expect to see something like this within 3-5 years. Happy waiting!

      --
      Insert simplistic political, ideological, or personal proselytization here.
    5. Re:Why so many digits? by netringer · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Why so many digits? Why are we running out of phone numbers?
      They're not running out of numbers because the numbers are being used. They're running out of numbers because blocks of numbers are being reserved.

      Any shmoe can print up business cards and claim to be a pager company, a wirelesss com[any or a CLEC. Then he orders some phone numbers. Thanks to rules that the industry doesn't want to change, the minimum block of numbers that can be allocated is 10,000 numbers. The are a lot of blocks of 10,000 phone numbers where 100 or 1 or none are actually being used. It doesn't take many schomes doing this before "we're running out of numbers."

      In Illinois the consumer groups wanted to lower the block size but they were denied.

      BTW, the management of numbers is handled by a independent company hired for the purpose. The local ILEC has no control over it.
      And, while we're at it, why not assign each individual a phone number that they keep for life, no matter where they move, like a domain name? I'd imagine that modern telco equipment could support this by now.
      Number portability is supposed to happen. In most states, you can keep your phone number when you change your local phone company.
      --
      Ever dream you could fly? Get up from the Flight Sim. I Fly
    6. Re:Why so many digits? by mpe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Somebody help me get a clue: At first glance, it would seem that a seven digit number would be good for almost 10 million phone numbers,

      You'd start with 10 million, then knock off anything starting with the digit one or zero, which is minus 2 million. Then you also have to knock off anything starting 555 or 911, which is another 20,000. Thus you actually will get at best 7,980,000. Plenty of cities which require rather more telephone numbers than that.
      There is another twist telephone numbers are assigned in blocks of 10,000 (the last 4 digits). This made sense about a century ago where the 4 digits actually refered to a specific piece of hardware, but it's just been continued.

  17. and it's 1234567890 what are we fightin for? by rot26 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The worst part about 10-digit local calls is never being sure whether it's free or toll.

    Calling your neighbor across the street... probably not toll. Calling the local blockbuster... well, PROBABLY not. Calling a plumber you looked up in the phone book? No way to tell really, without committing to memory the HUGE tables of "local to" exchanges in the front of the phone book. (I used to develop automated calling systems and I've had to deal with this for years.)

    It turns your phone bill into a reverse lottery every month.

    --



    To ensure perfect aim, shoot first and call whatever you hit the target
    1. Re:and it's 1234567890 what are we fightin for? by mattdm · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Unless you make hours of local calls every week, you might want to check if your telco has a plan where *all* calls are toll. This usually costs nine or ten bucks a month plus only pennies per call -- by far the cheapest plan for most people (assuming you have broadband and no teenage children).

    2. Re:and it's 1234567890 what are we fightin for? by poot_rootbeer · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The worst part about 10-digit local calls is never being sure whether it's free or toll.

      This is something that the wireless networks are doing right. They bill you based on how long you're on the system, not where the other end of the call is located.

      I don't even think about long distance charges anymore, because a 10-minute call across the country costs me the same as a 10-minute call across the street.

  18. And again US catches up with the rest of the world by GothChip · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Why is whenever the US catches up with the rest of the world in phone technology it is considered "news"?

    We've been using 11 digit number in the UK for years. A 5 digit area code and a 6 digit number. It's not exactly a hard concept to grasp.

  19. Number portability by Dr.Hair · · Score: 2, Interesting

    So is NANPA still requiring each line provider to buy a block of numbers and assign their users out of that block?

    Are they blocking number portability? That is, can I take a Verizon number that I've had for years at my business and sign up with a dial tone competitor and keep the same number? (Yes, phone switches are smart enough to handle this and route a number anywhere on to any network.)

    With Michael Powell at the FCC as a sock puppet of the RBOCs, things like number portability that might promote dial tone competition get squashed. It would also reduce the need for new area codes because the numbers that we do have would get used more efficiently.

    But it is easier to get customers to carry the burden and expense of dialing extra digits (think of reprogramming speed dial numbers and fax numbers on machines). Then you can minimize competition and keep profits and campaign contributions maximized.

  20. New Springfield by freeweed · · Score: 2, Funny

    Yeah, but I'm sure the folks in Olde Springfield get to keep the old 212 area code.

    --
    Endless arguments over trivial contradictions in books written by ignorant savages to explain thunder in the dark.
    1. Re:New Springfield by ruiner13 · · Score: 2, Funny

      Even monekys can remember 10 digits. You're not dumber than a monkey, are you?
      </simpsons>

      --

      today is spelling optional day.

  21. Um... Ok, thanks for your ignorance by nordaim · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This is more important to the rest of the world since it has come to New York?

    Maryland has had 10 (and in some places 11) digit dialing for years because of sharing it's boarder with West Virginia, DC, Virginia, Delaware, and Pennsylvania.

    If New Yorker's would get out more, they would realize the world doesn't revolve around them.

    If the slashdot editor's got out more, they would realize that things *do* take place first outside of New York.

    Thanks you insensitive clods.

    --
    -- You don't shoot to kill, you shoot to stay alive.
  22. Re: Actually, it all started in NYC... by benzapp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    New York has not REQUIRED 11 digit dialing for dialing in your area code, but there are now five area codes in New York City, 212/646 overlap, 718/347 overlap, and 917 is a little up in the air right now but was originally for cell phones, pagers and faxes.

    646 has at least been planned for at least 8 years I would say, and now many people in Manhattan have 646 area codes for their home phone. 347 is also appearing in Brooklyn. 917 has been a national oddity for longer than I can remember. I would say 10 years minimum, probably longer.

    Thus you only need to 11 digit dial when you are dialing someone who does not have a number in YOUR area code.

    It seems really ridiculous to require 11 digit dialing in your own area code. Perhaps if we didn't USE area codes but had an entirely random string numbers 11 digit dialing as a requirement is obviously a necessity.

    --
    I don't read or respond to AC posts
  23. Well for us Europeans by barnaclebarnes · · Score: 2, Informative

    We carry Mobile phones which have this cool feature called an 'Address Book' where you can store all your friends numbers. And another feature called a 'Call List' where you can dial numbers that a) you have recently dialled or b) have recently called you.

    Seriously this accounts for 90% of the calls I make. Most calls involve pressing 'Yes' on my phone followed by the first letter of the persons name and then yes again.

    Another cool feature is directory assistance where they just SMS you the number and you dial straight from your phone (They can also connect you but that costs a lot more).

    Who needs a landline when you have all your numbers at your fingertips? /b

    --
    [Please type your sig here.]
  24. Re:And again US catches up with the rest of the wo by NMerriam · · Score: 5, Funny

    Why is whenever the US catches up with the rest of the world in phone technology it is considered "news"? We've been using 11 digit number in the UK for years.

    Catch up? So if we used 22-digit dialing, the US would be "ahead" of the UK in telecommunications?

    --
    Recursive: Adj. See Recursive.
  25. Miscellaneous by tommck · · Score: 5, Insightful
    1) Is it me or is everyone in this thread mathematically challenged? Philly doesn't have 11 digit dialing, neither does Massachusetts. They have 10 digit dialing, right?

    2) And, if you add the SAME number to the beginning of everything, that gives you nothing. Why would they do that?

    3) I used to work on phone switch software, and the only reason I can see is that they don't want to have to differentiate between a local (i.e. 10 digit) call and a long distance (i.e. 11 digit) call. This way, the switch can run less code. No need to wait before it starts routing the call. It can start routing as soon as you start typing numbers. This, and the use of reserved area codes (\d[0,1]\d) as exchanges, was the big motivator behind the 10 digit move.

    T

    --
    ---- It puts the lotion on its skin or else it gets the hose again. It does this whenever it's told.
    1. Re:Miscellaneous by rtaylor · · Score: 2, Informative

      2) And, if you add the SAME number to the beginning of everything, that gives you nothing. Why would they do that?

      Actually it does give you something. It will allow you to use 0 or 1 as the second digit -- thus *buying* 2 billion more phone numbers.

      Of course, globally routing numbers (drop the concept of 'area code', and just make it 3 arbitrary numbers) would do more for the system.

      --
      Rod Taylor
    2. Re:Miscellaneous by MasteroftheVoxel · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The worst part in Boston is that you *must* use the initial 1 if you dial "long distance" and you *can not* use the 1 if you are dialing locally, or you'll get anyone of "that number can not be reached" errors. This is super confusing because there are instances where someone is across the street but has a different area code so you need the one, or there is someone who is far away, but has the same area code and you need the one, or someone is nearby with the same area code and you can not use the one.

      So confusing, I remember that I was calling a local Boston number that for weeks I thought was incorrect because I was dialing a 1 first and eventually I learned that it was because I was dialing the one that it didn't work.

  26. I used to do phone switch SW, and here's my take.. by tommck · · Score: 4, Informative
    They want to add the "1" to the front so that they can add new area codes.
    Area codes USED to be: [2-9][0,1][1-9]
    Exchanges were: [2-9][2-9][0-9] ( i think - foggy memory )

    This made them easily recognizable to the switch.

    Recently, many areas of the US switched to 10 digit dialing.
    The new area codes are: [2-9][0-9][0-9] (many more)
    the new exchanges are: [0-9][0-9][0-9] (many more)

    NOW, they're setting up for MORE area codes so that we can have:
    1 - [0-9][0-9][0-9] - [0-9][0-9][0-9] - [0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]

    I'm not doing the math for you , but that's a lot more numbers than previously allowed.

    T

    --
    ---- It puts the lotion on its skin or else it gets the hose again. It does this whenever it's told.
  27. Re:Wow... by ahillen · · Score: 2, Informative

    Nevertheless, the area code system in the US seems to be a bit of a mess (at least by looking from the other side of the atlantik.. ;) ). To use 2 or more area code for the same area is somehow strange. In Germany we have one prefix code per area, longer once for rural areas, shorter ones for large cities (to allow for a larger number space with the same total number of digits). So 030 is Berlin, 089 is Munich, while all numbers starting with 08xyy (where y=[0-8]) are numbers around Munich.

  28. Somebody has to do it... by JahToasted · · Score: 2, Funny
    Marge: They must have must have made a mistake. We'll just go down to the phone company and straighten it out.

    Homer: Which phone company?! There are hundreds of them! They all keep changing their names..

    Marge: I think it's Quamquack.

    Bart: No, I think it's Niagular.

    Marge: No, last week they became Verdiquar.

  29. Not out of numbers by suitti · · Score: 2, Interesting
    The typical blame for split area codes is put on the consumer - having more numbers. But, we're not out of numbers. The real problem is that we have competition, and every tom, dick and harry local telco, cell company, etc., gets blocks of numbers to hand out. These blocks of numbers are not a very efficient use of the number spaces.

    Computers today are easily capable of dealing with the problem on a finer grained basis. For example, a cheap home PC can store and retrieve info concerning tens of millions of phone numbers in real time. Each new phone number could be allocated from a central source individually. No big deal.

    Another thing that bothers me is that if you have a dial 7 area, you often can't dial 11. I should be able to dial the country code too! The phone number should be an address, not a route. I don't want to hear "You must dial a one...". If the computer knows I needed it, it should just complete the call.

    On my cell phone, I always put in the dial 11, so that it still works when dialing from out of the home network. Don't dial by number, look it up by name and tell it to get a connection.

    What I want is to be able to copy my phone book between my home phone, cell phone and, for editing, my computer.

    --
    -- Stephen.
  30. different in Montana by apuku · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Here in Montana, where we have only one area code (and still span a time zone), the phone company just reduced the number of digits we have to dial: calls to Billings (90 miles away) used to require the area code, but now they're a local call.

    --
    Look, it's trying to think - Albert Rosenfield
  31. different in Montana by apuku · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here in Montana, where we have only one area code (and still span a time zone), the phone company just reduced the number of digits we have to dial: calls to Billings (90 miles away) used to require the area code (10 digits), but now they're a local call (7 digits).

    --
    Look, it's trying to think - Albert Rosenfield
  32. Name servers for Phone numbers by Geomisk · · Score: 2

    I wonder if something like domain name lookups could be geared towards the phone service. Somehow use spoken names, or nicknames, to dial from a stored (stored by some third party for a nominal fee) personal address book that was accessible from any phone just by dialing a certain number and then entering your unique id. After that you'd just speak the name, or nickname, of whom you wish to call, and then the computers do the messy work with the long numbers (like DNS servers do for internet addresses). Most phone companies are using simple speech recognition for the customer service lines now anyway, so it wouldn't be such a stretch to implement a system like this.

  33. Shall I compare thee to a troll? by guacamolefoo · · Score: 2, Funny

    Sonnet 18
    William Trollspeare

    Shall I compare thee to a Troll?
    Thou art more vile and more obstinate:
    Rough words not the slightest bit droll,
    And your IP's lease hath all too long a date:
    Sometime too hot may mine own posts be,
    And often is mine post modded "flamebait";
    And every metamod from "fair" sometime declines,
    By chance or unfair metamoderation;
    But thy eternal Trollness shall not fade
    Nor gain karma points for being "Interesting";
    Nor shall you be "Funny" or "Insightful",
    When eternally you bait the Flame
    In a most Offtopic way for your own reasons,
    So long as you do thus, you remain a Troll

    Massive apologies to W.S. Oh, and mark the parent "Offtopic" please.

    GF.

  34. Why the '1'? by YoungHack · · Score: 2, Insightful

    In the past, the FCC has guarded the '1' since
    everyone knows that marks long-distance. It seems
    to me that having your local calls also require
    a '1' means that you can't tell when a number
    is long distance or local.

    Given the amount of incorrect billing (in my mind
    I would call it fraud) that I have seen on my
    telephone bills in the last 5 years, the last
    thing I would want to see is a blurring of the
    local/long distance distinction.

    It's bad enough that I can call a number in
    another state hundreds of miles away,
    and have it billed by my local
    Bell for 300% more than my state-to-state
    carrier. (And yes, I have changed my local
    carrier; but in-state, even between states, is
    still more expensive than state-to-state).

    Now, it won't even be clear when a number is
    local.

  35. Dial 1? by incripshin · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Why would you have to dial 1? I thought you only had to dial one if it was long-distance.

    About a decade ago in Minnesota, the 612 area code stretched from Minneapolis out to where I lived ... Hickville. If you were making a call down the street ... 7 digits. If you were making a call in the Cities, 11 digits. But say you always had to do 11-digit dialing. You dial the wrong number, there's a reasonable chance you'll get charged for lond distance, even though you were calling down the street.

    The reason you have to dial 1 to call long-distance is so you won't end up accidentaly calling long-distance if you didn't want to. It's completely arbitrary to make people dial one for local calls. All they need to do is dial 10-digits, I mean dammit! So many people are idiots.

    incripshin

  36. 10 Digit in Atlanta by Status+Quo · · Score: 2, Informative

    We have had 10 digit dialing here in Atlanta since before I moved here 2+ years ago. Nice thing about it is that if you are making a real long distance call, then you dial the 1-xxx-xxx-xxxx. Otherwise, you just dial area code + 7 digits. May not be really different, but it does seem nicer to me. I know what is long distance and what isn't automatically. Of course, we only have 3 area codes presently.

    --
    I'll never be as good as I want to be. I can only be as good as I am.
  37. Variable length phone numbers by Cousin+Dupree · · Score: 2, Insightful

    There are certain distinct disadvantages to having variable length phone numbers. Since you are not pressing an "enter key" on your telephone when you are done dialling the number (mobile phones are an exception here), the exchange has to guess when you are done keying in digits. In the American situation, this is easy to do, as the exchange can just count the digits. In a variable length situation, the total length of the number depends on the digits already dialed.

    Incidentally, the variable system wastes more numbers, as you need the first digits to indicate what kind of a phone number it is going to be.

    Now that I am on my soapbox, I think all phone numbers worldwide should start with a "+" and should be of fixed length, just for the sake of simplicity.

  38. Wonderful. by DarkHelmet · · Score: 3, Funny

    Oh great. Soon I'll have to dial an IPv6 number just to pay for phone sex...

    --
    /^[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}$/i
  39. Maybe you should complain by Foresto · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I live in the 510 area code, near San Francisco, where Pacific Bell tried to force 11 digit dialing on us a while back. Their reasoning went something like this:

    1. We need more phone numbers.
    2. We'll add a new "overlay" area code, meaning that it covers the same geographical area as the existing area code.
    3. People won't remember to dial the new 1+areacode, because they're used to dialing only the last 7 digits when calling within their own geographical area.
    4. We should therefore force customers to dial 1+areacode with every call, even when it's technically unnecessary, to train them into using the extra digits.

    This, of course, was offensive to those of us in the area who consider ourselves less stupid than Pac Bell assumes. Many of us are perfectly capable of dialing the extra digits when necessary, even for local numbers, and were annoyed at the prospect of having arbitrary inconvenience forced onto us. As I remember it, enough of us complained that Pac Bell got the message, and changed their policy.

  40. Re:+4 Interesting?!?! by zx-6e · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Nothing says that the IPv6 address space can't be carved out on geographical boundaries, which would simplify routing significantly.

    And Mobile phones don't necessarily conform to geographic boundaries. When you roam out of your home area, the cell network has to know where you phone is and route it accordingly. An incomming call gets routed to your home area, then routed back out to your phone. Not much difference than IP routing...

  41. Re:And again US catches up with the rest of the wo by serber · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Technically I think the best way of writing it is: +44 +20 7124 4567, as is the normal practice here in New Zealand. Here we have a nice simple system... an area code which is 0,[3,4,6,7,9]. So it's either 03, 04, 06, 07 or 09. This is followed by a 7 digit number. There are two 'exceptions': the mobile prefix, which is 0,2,[1-9] (where the 3rd digit tells you it's either vodafone cellular, telecom paging, telecom's TDMA network, telecom's CDMA network, or TelstraClear's part of vodafone cellular). There is also 0800 and 0508, which are both free calling (ie. costs the caller nothing), and 0900, which has a specific per minute charge. Of course, here, if the number is 'local' you do not dial the area code. Simple as that. And it costs the same to call a mobile no matter where in the country they are, so it's always 'national' rather than local. And, calling internationall is simply a matter of 00[countrycode][areacode][localnumber]. So you always know where you are calling, and it's easy to do.

    --
    Sometimes bad things happen.