Slashdot Mirror


7th World Solar Challenge Underway

downundarob writes "At around 200310182230 UTC the World Solar Challenge will leave the start line. Entrants will traverse more than 3,000km of the Australian continent from tropical Darwin to balmy Adelaide, in cars powered by nothing more than the sun. One of the unique propositions of the World Solar Challenge is that it is run in one stage. Once competitors have left Darwin at 8am on the first day, they are on their own. Apart from compulsory stops at the seven checkpoints, each team endeavours to travel as far as it can each day, but must make camp by 5pm each evening."

151 comments

  1. Camp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Hardly seems that they are totally on there own if they have to make camp by 5. It would be cooler to see who can get there first with no other rules than the check points. The teams with the technology to charge up a bit durring the day get a leg up.

    1. Re:Camp? by duncf · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Hardly seems that they are totally on there own if they have to make camp by 5.

      Teams drive from 8 to 5 -- that's 9 hours, they don't stop. Fatigue gets to be a real issue, if there were no rules, there's a very large possibility that drivers (and passengers) would end up with severe dehydration, or, even more likely, cause an accident. It's usually at least 40 degrees Celsius inside the cars.
    2. Re:Camp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, if they have to urinate, it could get pretty bad.

    3. Re:Camp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      To hell with the checkpoints, even. Just have each team have an observer that bakes sure they don't cheat, then let them pick their own way to the finish line.

    4. Re:Camp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      a very large possibility that drivers (and passengers) would end up with severe dehydration, or, even more likely, cause an accident ...because all the teams are too stupid to swap out drivers every few hours.

    5. Re:Camp? by ishmaelflood · · Score: 1

      As you say the correct strategy would be to drive most of the night. You only lose a couple of minutes for a driver change, most teams swap drivers every 4 hours. the driver often falls asleep immediately they get out of the car.

      The main reasons running at night should not be encouraged are

      1) the rest of the crew need to sleep as well, you'd end up needing three-four drivers for every vehicle in the convoy, which can be ten vehicles.

      2) Asutralian Wildlife gets active after dark. Hitting a roo or an emu in a solar car would be 'game over'. Several support cars have been smashed up in the past after dark as people drive to towns for a shower etc, by hitting roos.

      3) The battery size is limited to 5 kWh, 3 hours running at 100 kph, or maybe 9 hours at 70 kph. As you can see, there is a great advantage in slowing down, and getting even less sleep.

    6. Re:Camp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the correct strategy would be to drive most of the night

      Maybe, maybe not.

      But it should be up to the team.

    7. Re:Camp? by anthony_dipierro · · Score: 1

      Fatigue gets to be a real issue, if there were no rules, there's a very large possibility that drivers (and passengers) would end up with severe dehydration, or, even more likely, cause an accident.

      Then they wouldn't win, now would they?

    8. Re:Camp? by duncf · · Score: 1
      Asutralian Wildlife gets active after dark

      Plus, these cars don't have headlights... When you're producing a maximum of 2000 W of electricity during the day, 2 60 W headlights will drain your battery fairly quickly...
    9. Re:Camp? by ishmaelflood · · Score: 1

      Read my third point in the previous post.

  2. Solar cars. by spitefulcrow · · Score: 1

    Why hasn't anyone bothered to make a car that's at least part solar for everyday use?

    --
    Sorry, my karma just ran over your dogma.
    1. Re:Solar cars. by halo1982 · · Score: 4, Informative
      Actually, someone has.
      Volkswagon Phaeton
      $60k-$100k is currently out of most of our price ranges, however it does exist.

      A further possibility for controlling the atmosphere in the Phaeton is offered by the sliding sunroof. It may be had in both glass and solar versions as an option. The sunroof is operated via a preselector in the roof-mounted console. The solar sunroof is the biggest of its kind on the market. The 28 integrated solar cells provide 24 Watts of energy, which is also used to power the electric fan when the vehicle is at a standstill. In the summer this reduces the interior temperature by up to 20 degrees. Unpleasant air currents and loud wind noise when the roof is open are prevented by a speed-sensitive, electronically-controlled wind deflector.

      wheeeeeeeee!

    2. Re:Solar cars. by ModernGeek · · Score: 1

      So, why hasn't somthing like this been intergrated into a car like the Prius? The Prius needs a sunroof anyways, and it would make it much more efficiant because it could harnest alot more electricity.

      --
      Sig: I stole this sig.
    3. Re:Solar cars. by EmbeddedJanitor · · Score: 2, Informative
      Because it's a useless showcasing of a useless technology.

      Solar car challenegs showcase and advance the state of high efficiency photovoltaic (PV) cells and bugger the price. To be useful as a real-world energy source, PV needs to be looking for better dollars per watt. If I could get PV at a low enough $/W I'd shingle my roof with the stuff.

      Some might say that low-cost PV will be a spin-off of this research, but I doubt it. Low cost PV technologies can't effectively use silicon, or gallium etc due tothe high amounts of energy required to make large areas of the stuff.

      --
      Engineering is the art of compromise.
    4. Re:Solar cars. by adeyadey · · Score: 2, Insightful

      ..Expense.

      Solar power has evolved massively in the last decade or so, but the sort of very-high-efficiency cells used here - and they have to be because of the small surface area - are still very expensive, they need "chip grade" silicon. What is more cost effective for stationary generators are amorphous cells - much lower efficiency, but potentially very cheap to make. If you could get the efficiency of these cells up then you could have genuine solar/electic combo transport. Oh you need cheap, light batteries too, another technology that is evolving quickly - look at mobile phones..

      As a supplementary charger there may be some value to solar in a car, but at the moment not as the prime source for a full sized/weight car or truck. You need to get some power from elsewhere..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    5. Re:Solar cars. by SonCorn · · Score: 1

      Because according to google 24 Watts is 0.0321845302 HP

      How usefull do you think that is? Somehow I doubt it is even remotely close to cost effective.

      --
      What good is a used up world, and how could it be worth having? --Sting
    6. Re:Solar cars. by duncf · · Score: 1
      Solar car challenegs showcase and advance the state of high efficiency photovoltaic (PV) cells and bugger the price.

      Not only do they showcase the state of PV cells, but also super efficient cars. For example, the Queen's University car, with one of the best and largest solar arrays in the world, can produce just over 2000 Watts of energy... 2.6 horsepower. But that's enough to have them run at 80 km/hr (50 mph) without drawing from the battery.
    7. Re:Solar cars. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep, and now Queen's has just covered one of their engineering buildings with a giant series solar panels, working with one of Canada's major utilities to study the feasibility of covering houses with it, even in a sun-deprived area like Canada...

      While this stuff is expensive, it could be affordable in the near future, esp if you live somewhere with lots of sun and high energy prices like California. I think it takes ~10 years right now for the energy savings to pay back the cost of the solar panel, and that will only come down in the future...

    8. Re:Solar cars. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rather than solar car competitions, they should go to electric cars, or diesel/electric hybrids. That is more practical both in industry and for didactic reasons.

      The solar cells just drive up the price of the competition for no useful reason.

    9. Re:Solar cars. by WoTG · · Score: 1

      OK.... great, it runs a fan. =)

      Didn't they sell these as after market gadgets? Little fans with a small solar panel to be put on the dash...

  3. Following progress? by mgarriss · · Score: 1

    I wonder if there is a way to follow the progress of the racers.....

    1. Re:Following progress? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mod the fucking parent post down NOW, Godammit!! It's Goatse and a woman with feces on her face. And check the links before you mod somebody up. Remember, this is /., where there are more trolls than a prison meatloaf has bread.


      Don't use so many capitals. It's like YELLING.

    2. Re:Following progress? by Baron_Yam · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Nested Goatse.cx pop-ups. Really nice. It's jerks like this that ruin it for others who post as Anonymous Coward and are now going to get filtered by people like me trying to avoid the trolls and other jerks.

    3. Re:Following progress? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> Don't use so many capitals. It's like YELLING.

      That was my intention. Now, in light of these posts, are we going to discuss proper manners?

      But, as a rule, I avoid shouting...

  4. Balmy??? by Cynicx · · Score: 1

    Since when has Adelaide been known as balmy ... capital of the driest state on the driest continent on the world ...

    1. Re:Balmy??? by HillBilly · · Score: 1

      Perhaps they meant boring?

      --
      "Go into the hall of mirrors and have a bloody hard look at yourself" - HG Nelson
    2. Re:Balmy??? by UberDork · · Score: 1

      Sorry. Antarctica is the driest continent on the planet. It's also the coldest, windiest and most poorly Internet-connected (although I don't know what that boils down to in terms of kbps/head of population).

      For more on Antarctica (while I go and clean my pocket protector), check out http://www.antdiv.gov.au

    3. Re:Balmy??? by badman99 · · Score: 0

      I'd have to agree with Adelaide being 'Balmy'. I live in Queensland the fastest growing and in my opinion most beautiful state in Australia. Weather here is perfect just about every day, there's plenty of jobs and real estate is affordable. Hmmm and DSL is now only $30 a month unlimited. Life is Good.......... I lived in the states for two years and there is no way I'd ever go back to LA. :)

  5. Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Proving that solar (and other alterntives) have come on leaps and bounds in the last decade or so. Why do we still persist with nuclear, oil, coal, with all the attendant problems (pollution, wars over oil, etc), when we could cover a small proportiion of the deserts of the world with solar cells, and the roofs of our buildings, and the coasts with huge offsiore wind farms & tidal turbines, and have all the power we need?

    --
    "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    1. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because:

      1) the deserts and sea floor are ecosystems that would be disrupted by the solar and wind farms thereby raising the ire of environmentalists (sounds dumb but you know this would happen).
      2) centralizing your power producing devices in one area is a bad idea (huge power losses sending electricity over great distances, natural disaster, terrorists, etc).

      And the most important reason:

      3) the oil companies said we're not allowed.

    2. Re:Just goes to show.. by Fnkmaster · · Score: 1
      Well, for one, the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated from traditional photovoltaic cells is still nowhere near competitive with standard line power generated mostly by coal, with some oil, nuclear and hydro here in the ole' USA. PV technology seems to improve here and there, and there are always some companies investing in it, but we just haven't seen anything (yet) at the production stage that is cost competitive when you amortize the costs of the cells over their expected lifespan.


      Or it could just be a massive right-wing conspiracy to keep us all oppressed, what do I know.


      As for wind, we are building out wind infrastructure in some areas - NIMBY (not in my backyard) is a big problem with this, but I agree that the offshore angle would be an interesting one to pursue further.

    3. Re:Just goes to show.. by bersl2 · · Score: 1

      Why do we still persist with nuclear, oil, coal, with all the attendant problems (pollution, wars over oil, etc), when we could cover a small proportiion of the deserts of the world with solar cells, and the roofs of our buildings, and the coasts with huge offsiore wind farms & tidal turbines, and have all the power we need?

      Because: 1) Where's the big money in all that? 2) The "Not in my backyard!" Problem, and 3) (at least for tidal power) More research, AFAIK, needs to be done on the effects of doing such a thing.

    4. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      1) the deserts and sea floor are ecosystems that would be disrupted by the solar and wind farms thereby raising the ire of environmentalists (sounds dumb but you know this would happen).

      Well it sort of seems to be getting accepted more, but there wil always be NIMBYs. There is a turbine farm not so far from me, I think its quite elegant, certainly not polluting, or noisy like a motorway or some industrial plant. And if you dont like them, well, just rip them up - they dont leave any plutonium behind for our grandchildren to worry about.. You cant have a zero-impact power generation system - all you can say is that alternatives have *less* impact than coal, oil, nuclear - the evidence is there and all too clear..

      2) centralizing your power producing devices in one area is a bad idea (huge power losses sending electricity over great distances, natural disaster, terrorists, etc).

      I dont think an alternative power system would be very centralised - by definition it must gather energy over large areas.ot compared to nuclear, coal, etc..

      And the most important reason:

      3) the oil companies said we're not allowed.

      You have me there, that is a fair point.. :-)

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    5. Re:Just goes to show.. by grey3 · · Score: 1

      We still persist with fossil fuels because of all the money behind them. Reusable energy will dominate once corporate execs can charge for use of the sun and the wind.

    6. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      I am quite convinced now that alternatives have evolved to the stage where either they are totally practical (like wind) or that the problems will be solved when economy-of-scales kicks in when we actually implement it. The point is, if you dont like it, well, just rip it up and scrap it - a wind/solar/tide farm doesnt leave plutonium or other pollution around for our grandchildren to worry about..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    7. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      solar (by which i mean photovoltaic in this post) already has about as much economy of scale as you're going to get. it's not like chip design or movie making, where the main cost is development of intellectual property, and prices are set seemingly at the whim of the manufacturer. with something like a solar panel, most of the cost comes from the actual manfacturing process, so economy of scale will get you something, but not much.

      if you want to reduce the cost of manufacture of high efficiency solar cells, it would be a better idea to invest in research... the current high efficiency cells are expensive because they require more exotic materials and manufacturing techniques. so there is a large amount of cost that will not go away by simply expanding the size of your factories... instead it requires the discovery of some different product.

      and solar is already practical for many applications. people have NO hesitation in using solar panels in remote areas where it is buy and install to get the cells than it would be to run a power line. if solar actually gets cheaper than fossil fuel generation in urban and suburban situations (which i doubt will ever happen) then you better believe people will start switching over immediately. those who think solar is ready for use but held back by a grand conspiracy are nutcases.

    8. Re:Just goes to show.. by Jeremi · · Score: 1

      Why is it that the "Not in my backyard" logic never seems to apply to the smog and pollution produced by our current methods? I know I would gladly accept the presence of windmills, solar panels, etc in exchange for being able to breathe clean air...

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    9. Re:Just goes to show.. by Evil+Adrian · · Score: 1

      Because a little bit of smog isn't the same thing as a giant windmill blocking your view.

      --
      evil adrian
    10. Re:Just goes to show.. by aXis100 · · Score: 1

      You wouldn't mind, I wouldn't mind, but there are plenty of ignorant, selfish people out there.

      Ive got family in Esperance - a very windy coastal town in Western Australia, 10's of thousands of residents. Most of the town's power comes from diesel generators, though there is a modest wind farm - one of the first major installation in WA.

      In this day and age of environmental awareness and sensitivity, plenty of people still complain about the windmills. Stupid fucks.

    11. Re:Just goes to show.. by Dyslexicon · · Score: 1

      The thing about the NIMBY logic is that on a certain level it does make sense. Consider:

      You buy a sizeable plot of land in rural somewhere for your summer home. you don't feel bad because if things ever go bad in the workplace, you'll be able to sell off the property for about what you bought it for, probably more.

      enter the power company wanting to put windmills up near enough to your land to put them in sight. This would destroy your property value which puts a serious dent in your financial security.

      Personally, i think the screws should be put to these people anyway. who are you to need a second home! I don't get one :(

      Smoke and polution don't have the same level of effect that a large wind-farm has on property value, thus it is less important to worry about. Sadly, I believe that to be the case. Welcome to capitalism.

    12. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      And moreover, smog "moves" petrol, and petrol is what is lining the rich guys' pockets.

      A windmill is disruptive technology. In the end the people may benefit. Just like with other disruptive technologies such as open source and peer to peer sharing. Can't allow these to proliferate!

      Yeah, that's the ticket: windmills don't generate electricity, they steal electricity!

    13. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      If you had to pay the *real* cost of oil/coal/nuclear, then alternatives start looking a lot cheaper. Solar/wind never had the same scale of investment as nuclear, despite that it is starting to make inroads. Fossil will eventually become unacceptable for all sorts of reasons - the "easy to get at" resources wil be used up, so increasing environmental damage will be done to access what is left. Not to mention global warming, general pollution etc. Why not just bite the bullet and go for renewables now?

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    14. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      I can only suggest that people who believe that should be forced to spend some time in a city/area with real pollution problems..

      Some of the farmers *welcome* wind farms on thier properties - it brings in extra income, and they can still use 90% of the land around the turbines for livestock/farming..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    15. Re:Just goes to show.. by jridley · · Score: 1

      cover a small proportiion of the deserts of the world with solar cells

      Using desert area to make electricity is a great idea, but solar cells would be a completely idiotic way to do it. Solar cells cost way too much per watt, and their efficiency is too low.

      What you want is steered mirrors boiling water in a tower, running a turbine. Much cheaper per watt, much more scalable, and it's actually pretty doable right now; in fact there have been test sites for decades.

      Of course, one other consideration is that transporting power is a non-trivial problem. Much of the world (including where I live) is hundreds of miles from anywhere that solar makes sense in large quantities, or wind, or geothermal. There are some small wind, solar, and hydro projects around here (southeast Michigan) but they couldn't provide a significant fraction of what is used.

      Of course, IMHO we're way underutilizing nuclear, due to irrational fear and the resultant ridiculous over-regulation of nuclear plants. I mean, in a social climate where NMR had to be renamed because people were afraid of the "Nuclear" part, what can you expect?

    16. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Of course, IMHO we're way underutilizing nuclear, due to irrational fear and the resultant ridiculous over-regulation of nuclear plants.

      Been to Chernobyl lately? The reason we haven't had any serious accidents in the West is the ridiculous over-regulation you speak of. It's quite possible that the regulations are excessive - but with something as potentially deadly as a nuke plant, you want to make sure you get safety done right the FIRST time.

    17. Re:Just goes to show.. by jridley · · Score: 1

      I'm not talking about allowing dangerous designs. I'm talking about making the bureaucracy so thick that it's impossible to build a plant.

      I had a cousin who worked for the contractor building a nuclear plant in Michigan. At one point, the plant was 95% complete. When the project was finally abandoned, it was about 70% complete.

      Why? Because they kept changing the laws. They'd finish a section, get it inspected and OK'd, then a few months later the government would come back to them and say "OK, that section that you completed, and we OK'd as being done and safe? The laws have changed, you'll have to rip out the whole thing and start over."

      This is just stupidity. Not allowing the idiotic and unsafe design of Chernobyl is another thing entirely. Look at Three Mile Island; yes, it was a bad deal, but it was caused by human operator error, and EVEN with all that operator error, it still was a pretty minor problem, especially compared to Chernobyl, which caused massive injury to civilians, is still glowing and will be for a long time.

      I bet coal fired plants kill more people every year than all the nuke plants ever did. Coal plants release both toxins and radioactive materials. Extend that to coal mining and supporting industries and it's way worse.

    18. Re:Just goes to show.. by tmortn · · Score: 1

      Are you smoking crack rock ? Leaps and bounds ? What leaps specifically are you reffering to and what bounds ?

      Small portion of the deserts ? Exactly how small a portion would be required of any desert to say produce the energy needs of California? Don't forget providing power at night and on the rare cloudy day and during winter. I am not talking about peak. Go find the figures for last years energy use by california divide it by 365 to get your average power a day. Then divide that number by the average number of viable energy producing hours of sunlight in your desert of choice per day then multiply by the (cheapest cost per watt solar panel you can find*.50) for half cost of the cells due to large scale production discount.

      Now find the size of said solar farm by multiplying the deminsions of the solar panel you chose by the number of cells needed. Convert this to square miles, km or whatever gets your rocks off. Then compare that to state sizes in the US and figure out where your farm fits on the scale from 1 largest to 51st smallest ( 51 becasue of your panel farm being on the list). If you do it right I all but assure you Rhode Island will be 51st. Your solar panel state will likely be in the smaller half of the 51. Now do the same thing above fot the entire US and then place the needed solar farm acreage on that same state size scale. Texas is probably in danger at the top of the list.

      Now choose a storage method for the excess energy storage. Remember you are harvesting the energy needed for night use at the same time you are supplying daytime energy needs. How many 200 amp hour lead acid batteries would it take to store the energy ? How about electrolysing water and storing hydrogen ? You did remember to account of loss due to conversion inefficiencies didn't you ? NO?? Well go back and figure that out and the corresponding increase in needed solar cells. Don't forget that conversion costs comes back into play when converting your stored hydrogen back into electricity as well... go back and add those solar cells.

      Now recalculate that solar panel farm size. Then find energy growth estimates and provide yearly increases to provide for future growth, how big is it in 10 years ?

      I don't deal with off shore wind farms and tidal systems for one very important reason. We don't know yet how to make them work well enough to make any sense. How do you sufficiently anchor off shore wind platforms... what are their maintenence costs.. How much does it really cost to build one. How much energy will they really produce. Most of this goes for the tidal systems too. Theoretically yes they are great ideas... their practicallity remains to be prooven. I welcome any links/info to the contrary.

      More problems with solar are issues of long distance transmission of power. If you elect for decentralized ( IE rooftop supplement ) deal with lower solar exposure, less efficient systems due to lack of sun tracking, higher periods of non-peak sunlight due to shadows, more cloud cover etc.... The thing is you will find in general the solar farm size needed to generate sufficient energy for a sufficientyly dense metropolis will exceed the size of the metropolis. Rooftop systems are great suplamental supplies and in carfeully designed residential settings can even provide primary power supply. This does not work nearly so well for industrial needs. You can decrease the size of the main solar farm with the rooftop usage but not at a one to one rate. probably more like a 3:1 or possibly even higher due to less efficient setups.

      Here is another interesting puzzle. High efficiency appliances can drastically reduce energy consumption in the homes. The problem is truly high efficency appliances are also generally the most expenisve appliances. How much would it cost the average home to convert to new high efficiency appliances? When looking at a new home how much more will it cost to get super efficient appliances than regular applaiances? How long will it take the cheaper appliances to cost m

      --
      I don't ask you to be me. I only ask you not expect me to be you.
    19. Re:Just goes to show.. by Jeremi · · Score: 1

      Last time I checked, windmills don't give your kids asthma.

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    20. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      The trouble with nuclear is that it is safe, until an accident happens..

      It is just incredibly uneconomic - the practical issues of what to do with waste, how to decommission sites, etc have effectivly killed nuclear in the UK. If you dont have re-processing, you end up with Plutonium that has to be safely stored and guarded until the end of time, in case a terrorist gets hold of it. Re-processing still generates huge amounts of waste, despite the theoretical idea that it destroys the plutonium, and the costs of hadling materials just keep going up.

      Its not just chernobyl - the Irish sea is the most radioactive in the world now thanks to BNFL, and you will find similar problems with "low level" discharges worldwide..

      In the end, alternatives are far far cheaper, if you add in the true development/decommissioning costs.

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    21. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because some of us need to drive past 5 PM?

    22. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      If you believe that it makes sense to meet our future power needs with nuclear or fossil, then you are the one who is smoking..

      I never suggested that we should have *all* our power needs from solar, just that its one option that makes sense in some places. Amorphous silicon cells are relatively new, are very cheap to make, and if efficiency can be improved would certainly make solar pay in all sorts of situations. Solar roofing is a reality, I already gave a link to a project in Australia, where they had effectively zero electric bills - the roof made as much electricity as the house used, net. (minus heating admittedly) Other uses for incidental solar power, like solar power windows in office buildings, are even now a practical reality.

      Normal solar cells, based on crystalline silicon, are much more efficient than they used to be too, although still expensive. But you can use steered mirrors to increase the effectiveness of the cells. Put in just a fraction of the money squandered on Nuclear into development, and you will see results.

      Hydrogen is already on the cards, fuel cells development is being pushed as the long term replacement for petrol in the US. And by what other means do you make Hydrogen, if not by electricity from renewables of some sort?? Sure there is some loss when you electrolyse H2O, but what of it? What system doesnt have some % loss? Coal, gas, oil do not just switch in so easily on demand either, large stations take a considerable amount of time to fire up, so often spare capacity is running/wasted with fossil/nuclear too.

      Not only are off-shore wind farms feasable, they are already a working, paying, reality in the UK, see here, also in other European countries too. Damn sight cheaper than nuclear too, when you add all the hidden costs in. We should have 20% UK power from wind by 2020, and there is no reason why we cannot have 200%+, the sites are there. Wind power,contrary to expectations is about as stable as other forms of energy on a national scale - its always windy somewhere..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    23. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      Its ok, just be sure to make it to the top of a big hill by 5..

      Or use a battery.

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    24. Re:Just goes to show.. by ErikZ · · Score: 1

      What, and destroy the desert ecosystem? (And there is one.) The enviromentalists will be all over you if you ever suggest anything that smacks of "Progress".

      Besides, sandstorms scratch up the glass and plastic, which will greatly reduce the effiency of the panels. Not to mention the heavy layer of dust. Or being completely covered in a sandune drift.

      --
      Democrats or Republicans. They are both taking us to the same place and they are not afraid of us anymore.
    25. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      Better to destroy the planets ecosystem through global warming then? There are no zero-impact solutions, some are just better than others..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    26. Re:Just goes to show.. by Evil+Adrian · · Score: 1

      Hey, don't shoot the messenger, I'm just pointing out "why".

      Not to mention, last time I checked, fossil fuels were more efficient and more reliable than windmills...

      --
      evil adrian
    27. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Not to mention, last time I checked, fossil fuels were more efficient and more reliable than windmills...

      And fossil fuels give you a good excuse to funnel money from the poor countries to the rich. Only Don Quichote fights against Windmills, the US fight against imaginary weapons of mass destruction!

    28. Re:Just goes to show.. by Jeremi · · Score: 1
      Hey, don't shoot the messenger, I'm just pointing out "why".


      Okay, I'll let you live... this time. :^)


      Not to mention, last time I checked, fossil fuels were more efficient and more reliable than windmills...


      I'm not so sure that's true, at least in the long term. Any oil well is guaranteed to fail (stop producing significant quantities of energy) after a finite period of time. A wind farm, properly maintained, can continue producing energy indefinitely. (not to mention that a good portion of the world's oil is located in places that are decidedly not "reliable" from a geopolitical perspective!)


      As for efficiency, sure, it's more efficient to find free energy lying in the ground than it is to make your own, just like it's "more efficient" to inherit lots of money than it is to go to college and get a good-paying job. The problem is, that strategy only works until the inheritance runs out, at which point we're going to need another strategy or all hell is going to break loose.

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    29. Re:Just goes to show.. by tmortn · · Score: 1

      First I did not advocate nuclear and oil anywhere in that post. I simply pointed out issues with solar power supplanting them per your statement

      "Why do we still persist with nuclear, oil, coal, with all the attendant problems ??"

      answer: because the options have problems.

      Your turbine link is interesting but I find it revealing that they can't secure finaincing ( gvt track record non-withstanding, if its such a good investment whats the holdup ? ) and more importantly there is no link leading you to the study detailing the issues regarding the intermitent nature of wind power generation and what you do in the mean time when it is being intermittent and more importantly how do you store excess energy when it is providing peak power above and beyond current demands. This is one of the same problems that faces solar. Enter Fuel cells which as you pointed out are fairly pointless unless you have a means of creating the hydrogen in the first place not reliant on fossil fuels and or nuclear.

      *** note don't dismiss nuclear... not all forms of nuclear are created equal so when bashing nuclear be sure to specifiy ( I assume in this case ) fission ***

      Back to fuel cells. They are the reason conversion efficiencies is of the utmost importance to consider. What is the efficiency of the elctrolyzing process ? Its not good. But lets deal with just the theoretical max of roughly 80%. IE you run 1 kw of electricty from a solar array you will electrolise enough hydrogen to generate roughly .8kw. However, .8kw is only the 100% theoretical max presented by the amount of hydrogen generated. you again have another conversion loss comming back to electricty. Again the theoretical max is around 80% so your 1kw turns to .8 which converts back into .64. So you start with 1kw and wind up with .64kw. This is important because it greatly affects the size and $$$$$ of your array of alternative power producing widgets of choice.

      Just for shits and giggles don't forget containing hydrogen is the scientific equivalent of trying to catch a fart in a bottle and containing , shipping and handling are all far more difficult than dealing with petrol. Ironcially in terms of danger when it escapes its generally less dangerous and contains less oomph than petrol. A fact most people simply don't understand..... however liquid hydrogen does pose some unique problems related to cryogenic tempratures. yet another interesting fact is when storing hydrogen as a liquid you also have to use energy to cool it sufficiently or place it under enough pressure to liquify it which again eats into your conversion efficiencies. Yes it can be done but it is more difficult and technically demanding than dealing with oil.. Ie I can store petrol for months in a plastic screw top jug, try doing that with hydrogen.

      Yes every thing has to deal with the efficiency of conversion but in an ICE utilizing petrol you essentially take the stuff out of the ground and burn it. You use a fraction of the amount of energy represented by crude to process it into its various fuel derivatives and the process creates many usefull byproducts. Then you loose some 80% of its potential as heat when you run it through and engine. but you didn't have to create the energy represented by the oil in the first place... the sun and biological process over the aeons already did that for you. With solar/win etc you have to first create the hydrogen then put it back through a conversion to harvest the energy. Now fuel cells are still far more efficient than ICE but they face a problem. For a given amount of Oil you can extract and create more petrol energy per gallon of petrol expended ( given easily accesible supplies never run out which of course they will ). With solar power you can only store and recover roughly 64% of your initial input at theoretical max.

      So why does it matter... not like the sun is going to turn off or wind stop blowing any time in the n

      --
      I don't ask you to be me. I only ask you not expect me to be you.
    30. Re:Just goes to show.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      BWEA *has* got the backing it needs - rather the indiviual generators it represents have - for a massive off-shore scheme, that should generate 20% UK power by 2020. Its already happening. The point I made about turning Electric->H->Electric is a possible cycle for storing Wind-power in relatively rare shortage situations. It runs like this - we have enough Wind, Solar + a bit of spinning capacity from Fossil to generate, say, 200% of our needs *on average*. We dont need all that power much of the time, so we turn spare electricity into Hydrogen for cars. But there will come the odd occassion when we cannot generate enough power to meet peak demand, and we cannotimport enough form other countries, so what do we do? Burn someof the hydrogen to meet peak demand. Its not fantastically efficient, butit should only happen relatively rarely, so on average its not too expensive to do. The key is cheap power from renewables - the current generation are contracted to generate at US $0.03 per Kilowatt/hour, and it is calculated to drop to around 1-2c/kw/hour when turbines are mass-produced. Its going to be really cheap electricity, we just need to adjust the power supply system to regulate it adequately. Of course there are other ways to store electricity - hydro-electric, flywheels, etc - but since we are thinking of making making Hydrogen anyway..

      In fact petrol requires a really sophisticated system to ship/handle safely - its taken decades to get the distribution system we have today.

      Shipping energy big distances currently does involve problems - pollution, energy losses, and so on. But the places that *do* have large wind/solar resources should at least be exploiting those to the max.. When that happens, and the costs of PV and Turbines come down with mass production, let us then see what new storage technologies emerge. Its not going to happen all at once..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    31. Re:Just goes to show.. by tmortn · · Score: 1

      200% is nice but again thats only generating capacity and dosn't reflect the net recoup if you store the excess.. at least as far as hydrogen goes. I am not under the impression that hydro pumping as a means of storing later generating capacity is any more efficient. Thus if you produce twice as much energy as you need your only going to store somewhere in the neighborhood of 20% in terms of net energy recvovery thus you have to produce 200% of your demand level at a 5:1 ratio to your storage demand otherwise your storage can't keep up in the long haul. Mayhap 5:1 is sufficient for channel wind generation systems I don't know... I know its problematic for solar due to possible extended periods with less than nominal sunlight.

      IF you can do it and IF you can supply at .03kw/hr fantabulous. However that link I went to led me to believe the finacial investment required to actually build the remaining systems to reach the 20% goal was prooving to be problematic due to past governmental inconsistency regarding alternative energy policy. Between the lines I was reading potential investors were questioning the ability of the proposal to produce power at .03 and provide any return on their investment and that if .03 was not met government may limit the cost that could be charged for the power which might make the investment a looser if it were not allowed to charge enough to recoup generation costs in a reasonable time thus backing them into the unenviable position of bankrolling a political charge to the 20% alternative energy goal.

      RE: the storage and transportation of petrol

      Your right it took decades to transport and process it safely but you CAN transport it rather unsafely if need be. The sophistication of the system is providing the safety whereas with hydrogen you have all of those problems and then you have a measure of difficulty added because its an element that is not a liquid at normal tempratures. hydrogen is very difficult to "bottle up". Storing petrol does not incur boil off losses in significant amounts over relatively short periods of time.. IE months. Hydrogen does and this again causes more problems with stored energy. Odds are if we truly shift to hydrogen as our primary source of stored energy its going to be because we have no choice or because we make a breakthrough in on demand hydrogen production and or storage methods. probably the best bet is some form of intermediary method of containing it other than just physically bottling it up... IE finding something you can join it to with a bond that can easily be broken later when needed ( store under pressure with hydrides etc... ). oddly enough the best method of storing it would be to figure out how to create some form of petrol when starting with hydrogen and adding carbon.. then just using reforming and fuel cells or sticking with ICE... if we generate the petrol then we don't add new sources of Carbon to the eco system.

      By the way nice to have a nice back and forth that isn't a flame war.

      --
      I don't ask you to be me. I only ask you not expect me to be you.
    32. Re:Just goes to show.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Now do the same thing above fot the entire US and then place the needed solar farm acreage on that same state size scale. Texas is probably in danger at the top of the list.

      Texas is bigger than Alaska? I heard the population of Texas beat out California in the last census, but now the area is beating out Alaska? Where did they get that extra land from?

    33. Re:Just goes to show.. by shogun · · Score: 1

      .. and wind farms can even help tourism for that area...

    34. Re:Just goes to show.. by AnotherBlackHat · · Score: 1

      Well, for one, the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated from traditional photovoltaic cells is still nowhere near competitive with standard line power generated mostly by coal, with some oil, nuclear and hydro here in the ole' USA. PV technology seems to improve here and there, and there are always some companies investing in it, but we just haven't seen anything (yet) at the production stage that is cost competitive when you amortize the costs of the cells over their expected lifespan.


      Solar cells can currently be purchased for about $3.00 per watt in quantity.
      Assuming an average life of 20 years, and 6 watt hours per day,
      they produce electricity for about 6-7 cents a kilowatt hour.

      Electricity from coal costs about half that, at 3-4 cents per kilowatt hour.

      Ok, 6 cents is more than 3 cents, but I think it's overstating things to say solar cells aren't near competitive pricing.
      If the Graetzel cell research pans out, we'll all be doing solar.

      -- this is not a .sig
    35. Re:Just goes to show.. by tmortn · · Score: 1

      hmmmmmmmm.......... must have been thinking lower 48... my bad. Not sure if Alaska would be in danger, it looks to be quite a bit bigger 655k sqm vrs 268k or so for Texas... everthings bigger in texas but it must be HUGE in Alaska.

      --
      I don't ask you to be me. I only ask you not expect me to be you.
    36. Re:Just goes to show.. by fifedrum · · Score: 1

      Farmers love the stuff, indeed any company that uses electricity (read just about all companies) and neighborhoods could use them too.

      A company near me has a hybrid wind / natural gas system is highlighted here:

      http://www.msnbc.com/local/WHEC/M5869.asp?cp1=1
      and here:
      http://www.rochesterenvironment.org/RGBN/wi ndessay .html

      (note different $ #'s in each story, interesting # conflicts there)

      or from the horse's mouth here:
      http://www.harbec.com/environmental.html

      It's a story about a plastics company on Route 104 just East of Rochester, NY who is using it's single 250Kw wind turbine / and natural gas micro turbines to alleviate high costs of electricity from our local nuke plant supplied (and Niaraga falls supplied) energy company.

      They report cost change from 10.4 cents/KWh to 6 cents with added benefit of providing heat for the building with co-generation.

      Cool stuff and a salute to them for their solid use of technology to prove that thinking green can be economically viable.

    37. Re:Just goes to show.. by jridley · · Score: 1

      Exactly; we need reprocessing. We don't do it because everyone's terrified that someone will make a bomb using it, but the reality is that we pay huge amounts of money to throw away stuff that could be recycled into fuel if we built reactors that would accomplish it.

      "most radioactive in the world" - do you have a cite for that? That could mean anything. How many thousands of gallons of it a day would you have to drink to increase your cancer risk 1%?

  6. The top cars are. by rkz · · Score: 1, Troll
    The vary best cars are:

    Aoyama Gakuin "AGU Aglaia"
    Aoyama Gakuin's original solar car was built eight years ago but many of the components, including solar array, batteries, driver interface and ampere-hour metre have recycled and been upgraded to meet today?s technological standards. Another improvement is the more reliable electrical and ventilation systems. The team has twice participated in the WSC, in 1999 and 2001. The 22 student members of the team will vie for a good place in this year?s event.
    And:

    Holden - "Eco4 Astra"
    Eco4 - Astra is a standard European production vehicle participating in the Greenfleet class. The vehicle is powered by a 1.7 litre turbo charged, intercooled, diesel engine. While the vehicle has a more than reasonable level of performance, it has been developed with a focus on high fuel economy and reduced greenhouse emissions. The vehicle is fitted with aerodynamic underbody aids, to reduce aerodynamic drag and also includes low rolling resistance tyres. The highest recorded speed of the vehicle is 175kph. The opportunity to evaluate and demonstrate diesel technology, while generating public awareness of diesel efficiencies is an opportunity not to be missed by the Holden team.

  7. what is the point of this? by the_2nd_coming · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I mean realy, it doe snot extend our knowledge about solor power, it does not inovate or make new solutions. all it does is give universities with lots of money the ability to build super lite cars that run on solor power. big deal.

    I want to see an S prize. the first group that can develope the best price/performance ratio for solor power gets money or something, then the next time, the next prise it set to be 5% better than the last performance, and the money increases as the ratios get harder to reach.

    that would be exciting stuff.

    --



    I am the Alpha and the Omega-3
    1. Re:what is the point of this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...and it doesn't even teach you how to spell "solar"... what a waste!

    2. Re:what is the point of this? by ModernGeek · · Score: 2, Interesting

      New ideas could be implemented into the solar cars though, like regenerating brakes, and it is a good project where you have to make somthing efficiant, efficiancy is somthing we don't see alot of nowdays.

      --
      Sig: I stole this sig.
    3. Re:what is the point of this? by the_2nd_coming · · Score: 1

      it is a better tool to give Enguineering students a chalenge than anything else.

      --



      I am the Alpha and the Omega-3
    4. Re:what is the point of this? by wigam · · Score: 0

      UNSW has won this race quite a few times. They currently manufacture some of the best quality solar cells in the world. This is the ultimate aim of the race, to improve solar power returns and proove that there are useful applications besides the hot water system.

    5. Re:what is the point of this? by anthony_dipierro · · Score: 1

      Isn't the point just to have fun? The cars are already going to be built anyway, might as well have some sort of contest with them.

      I don't know if it's a cultural thing or a human thing, but most people here in the US like competitions.

  8. "Well-balanced Max"? by SuperBanana · · Score: 2, Funny
    Entrants will traverse more than 3,000km of the Australian continent from tropical Darwin to balmy Adelaide

    Oy, govnah. Sounds like Mad Max, it does- only a might quiet'ah, none of them pesky cannibals an' bettah scenery.

    I dare someone to show up with a crazy looking vehicle and start taking out contestants with crude weaponry. Extra bonus points if your vehicle spews fire, brandishes lots of pointy edges, and gets under 5mpg. That'll show those eco-freaks who's boss.

    1. Re:"Well-balanced Max"? by Nexus+Seven · · Score: 1

      Oy, govnah

      What does a Cockney accent have to do with the story?

  9. I Wonder... by segment · · Score: 2, Funny


    When it turns to night could participants use their sparcs, ultras, and enterprises to keep going? You did say Solar as in Sun right?

  10. University of Missouri-Rolla by (startx) · · Score: 4, Informative

    It's too bad this year's winner of the American Solar Challenge couldn't raise enough money to ship the car to Australia and compete.

    1. Re:University of Missouri-Rolla by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Same thing happened to this year's third place team in the ASC, the University of Waterloo.

    2. Re:University of Missouri-Rolla by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was just at UMR last week, saw (among many other cool student-run engineering projects) the Solar Miner that won the ASC this year. Spent time talking with the team. Really cool little car. Great engineering team. Everyone is pumped! I agree, too bad they couldn't find the funding. I was told that it would require an enormous sum, though, probably 50 grand just for lodging and such, not to mention transportation for people and their equipment. they decided to use the time to pool all the knowledge they gained in this project, so that the team creating the next car (for ASC 2 years hence) can benefit and build a better car.

    3. Re:University of Missouri-Rolla by ParisTG · · Score: 1

      Actually there were many teams who weren't able to make it this year. There are only 3 or 4 cars coming from the whole of North America, when it used to be about that amount from Canada alone. It has been a bad year to raise money for a race like this.

  11. Mandatory Camp Time? by thelen · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I don't like this mandatory 5 pm camp time. It seems to me that a critical test of solar technology for travel is being able to move even in low/no light situations, and thus of batteries. Why not give a start time and destination, and simply go by first across the finish line? If someone manages to build a machine that gets the optimal balance of power gathering plus battery capacity to maintain the highest average speed across lighting changes then they win.

    1. Re:Mandatory Camp Time? by HillBilly · · Score: 1

      Well it gives them time to set up camp before the sun sets.

      And I wouldn't want to be in a car that really isnt built that strong at night. Trucks and road trains would run over them and not even know they did it.

      --
      "Go into the hall of mirrors and have a bloody hard look at yourself" - HG Nelson
    2. Re:Mandatory Camp Time? by ParisTG · · Score: 2, Informative

      The 5pm camp rule has nothing to do with the fact that the cars are powered by the sun. It's simply for the safety of the teams competing. One of the teams in the past has once calculated that the optimal driving strategy is to drive through the day and night (driving a bit slower at night since you're limited to a 5kWh battery pack). This has been proposed as a rule change a few times for the ASC, but has been rejected simply for safety reasons. (some of) These cars cause enough of a disruption on roads during the day time. And the crews/drivers need their sleep as well. You can't necessairly afford to take a huge team of drivers with you.

    3. Re:Mandatory Camp Time? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      These cars cause enough of a disruption on roads during the day time.

      Yeah. Cars on roads. What'll they think of next?

      And the crews/drivers need their sleep as well. You can't necessairly afford to take a huge team of drivers with you.

      THey already do.

      It's simply for the safety of the teams competing

      Bull. The electric cars have plenty of 'regular' vehicles (filled with crew and supplies) riding along with them.

  12. Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by duncf · · Score: 4, Informative

    You can follow the progress of the Queen's University Team here. The Queen's team came 7th in this year's American Solar Challenge and is looking to finish in the top 3 in this competition. One of the unique features of the Queen's car is that it is a two-seater, one of the few in the world.

    There's a lot of technical information about the Queen's car here (Pages 4 and 5)

    1. Re:Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We have our own Gemini in Australia... Hehe the QU vehicle might get a few giggle as it passes through the outback...
      "A team from the U.S. has a Gemini!!!!"
      http://homepages.ihug.com.au/%7Edenny 117/redgem/ge mlfa.jpg

    2. Re:Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      FWIW Queen's University is in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

    3. Re:Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Queen's University is in Kingston, Ontario, which is in Canada ...NOT the United States!

    4. Re:Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aren't they the same thing?

    5. Re:Queen's University Solar Vehicle Team by shogun · · Score: 1

      That car looks like they took the middle chunk of a B2 bomber and put wheels and solar cells on it.

  13. Solar...you mean the Day Star? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I've heard of such a thing in myth and legend. This article talks about it as if it were real. Or maybe this is one of those experiments trying to detect this mythical Daystar. Could be interesting.

  14. Course Solar thermal is much cheaper by Moderation+abuser · · Score: 1

    and more efficient than photovoltaics. Not quite yet on a par with conventional power on a cost basis yet but getting very very close.

    It's difficult to see how it might power a vehicle though, stirling engine?

    --
    Government of the people, by corporate executives, for corporate profits.
  15. Typo: Barmy by EmbeddedJanitor · · Score: 1

    we all make mistakes

    --
    Engineering is the art of compromise.
  16. Re:Balmy??? yesterday 30 degrees celsius.... by bwilli123 · · Score: 1

    Yesterday it was 30 degrees celsius (86F) Friday was low 20's today mid 20's.Very nice Mediterranean climate

  17. Re:Just goes to show.. PS.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

    The race itself is a "tour-de-force" of solar technology - these cars will not be fully economic/affordable until we have a solar cell that delivers 50%+ efficiency at a low cost-per-cell. As a supplementary power source for a smart-type battery car it could eventually prove interesting - leave your car parked in the sun when you go to work, and get a free ride home!

    One thought I had on battery cars - why not "swap" batteries at a garage, instead of pumping in fuel (petrol, hydrogen..) - you dont "own" the batteries, just hire them, and keep swapping them for a fully charged set at each garage..

    --
    "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
  18. free for all by seriv · · Score: 1

    They should make it free for all. No camps, and have weapons and make it like Mad Max!! (J/K)
    -Seriv

  19. Re:Just goes to show.. PS.. by Jogar+the+Barbarian · · Score: 1

    One thought I had on battery cars - why not "swap" batteries at a garage, instead of pumping in fuel (petrol, hydrogen..) - you dont "own" the batteries, just hire them, and keep swapping them for a fully charged set at each garage.

    For it to not be time and labor-intensive, the method by which the battery pack is installed and removed would have to be roughly uniform across *ALL* cars of that style. Look at "normal" cars--they all get their gas pumped in the same way. Taking out and putting in a several-hundred pound battery pack is a bit more complicated than sticking a nozzle in a hole.

    Also, what's the incentive? What would you be willing to pay the "juice" station owner for this service? There's no way it would be self-serve, at least not for years. And where's he going to put all these packs while they're charging up before getting installed on a new car? That's a significant storage/power issue.

    No, I think fuel cells, gassed up with methanol or somesuch, is more feasible... though also far-off.

    The good ol' internal-combustion engine (ICE) has many, many years left in it. Want to improve air quality? Quit fretting about the number of cars on the road, and target the tiny tenth of a percent of the cars out there that, due to age or neglect of maintenance, are the REAL polluters.

    --
    3. Profit!
    2. ???
    1. On Soviet Slashdot, a Beowulf cluster of alien Natalie Portman overlords welcomes YOU!
  20. DONT LOOK AT MAGIC EYE! by ch-chuck · · Score: 1

    I was SOOO proud of having NEVER seen the goatse.cx picture too.

    --
    try { do() || do_not(); } catch (JediException err) { yoda(err); }
  21. Why no mod points.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ..yet on this discussion?

  22. Why no mod points yet.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ..on this discussion?

  23. Re:Just goes to show.. PS.. by Jeremi · · Score: 1
    Taking out and putting in a several-hundred pound battery pack is a bit more complicated than sticking a nozzle in a hole


    I imagine something like what you have at the oil-changing places... a pit in the floor that you drive over. Once your car is lined up, a robot in the pit removes your current battery pack and puts in a fresh one.


    Also, what's the incentive? What would you be willing to pay the "juice" station owner for this service?


    As a rule of thumb, I think people would be willing to pay as much as an equivalent (in terms of drivable miles added) gasoline fill-up costs them now. So perhaps $5-$10 per battery change?


    And where's he going to put all these packs while they're charging
    up before getting installed on a new car? That's a significant storage/power issue.


    Where do gas stations store all their extra gasoline now? In a big pit in the ground, of course. There are no real problems here that haven't been solved before.


    No, I think fuel cells, gassed up with methanol or somesuch, is more feasible... though also far-off.


    I tend to agree, but I don't think a battery-swap system would be impossible if people put their minds to it.


    Want to improve air quality? Quit fretting about the number of cars on the road, and target the tiny tenth of a percent of the cars out there that, due to age or neglect of maintenance, are the REAL polluters.


    Are you suggesting that once we get rid of those, the air pollution problems will be solved?

    --


    I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
  24. Why stop at 5pm? by Unregistered · · Score: 1

    If they are promoting reaserach they would wna tthe contestants to want to run as long as possible. If you can harvest excess energy and store it in batteries during the day and the run all night, that's a much better design, and therefore much more useful. A real solar vehicle won't be day-only. Or if it is it sure won't sell.

    1. Re:Why stop at 5pm? by TDRighteo · · Score: 3, Informative
      I know you're probably just saying this because the theory sounds good, and I know you probably mean no harm, but I find your comment bordering on disturbing.

      No, it's not the principle of harvesting power and running at night for solar powered cars. It's the suggestion that you might even *THINK* about doing it in *this* race in particular.

      Take a look at a map.

      Now, although this might not be entirely clear to some, the road in question is two lanes for most of the distance. I believe it's even sealed bitumen for all of the distance too (not sure) - an excellent quality road. However, the point is, you are not talking about a built up freeway or something here.

      At 5pm in summer in NT and SA the sun won't be down for at least half an hour (hopefully). That gives plenty of time to stop everybody and make sure that nobody is on the road at dusk. In Australia, dusk is typically when the wildlife starts moving. For the 'roos and wallibies certainly, and considering the streach of road, probably quite a few emus too.
      1. If you hit a wallabie in normal car (stationwagon) at 80km/hr, you will be stopping, but if you're lucky, it might not have done any serious damage.
      2. If you hit a full sized red kangaroo at that speed, you've a fair chance the car will be a write-off.
      3. If you hit an emu at that speed... my suggestion is don't if you'd like to walk away, as the body will crash through the windscreen without slowing.

      In all these cases, you have modern braking and a very solid frame on your car. If you're lucky, you may be able to steer well and only clip the animal in question.

      Now hit it with an amalgum of solar panel and fiberglass with regenerative braking systems designed to conserve as much power as possible. Note that steering won't be as good either for swerving while braking.

      Made my point yet?

      (For the record, if you're not experienced in driving in Australia, you should NEVER swerve to miss wildlife. You've far higher chance of walking away if you hit something on the road than if you roll the car or hit a tree instead.)
    2. Re:Why stop at 5pm? by downundarob · · Score: 2, Informative
      At 5pm in summer in NT and SA the sun won't be down for at least half an hour (hopefully). That gives plenty of time to stop everybody and make sure that nobody is on the road at dusk. In Australia, dusk is typically when the wildlife starts moving. For the 'roos and wallibies certainly, and considering the streach of road, probably quite a few emus too.

      Not to mention the fact that between Katherine and Alice Springs your crossing cattle country, and this road is UNFENCED. Having just driven the Darwin - Alice Springs track you need to add Cows, and Donkeys to the list, and possibly even camels closer in to Alice and southwards.

    3. Re:Why stop at 5pm? by |>>? · · Score: 1

      As a member of the sungroper team, I speak from driving on the road, it's all bitumen, but of course there are road-works, so some is technically not :-)

      The road is mostly single lane, not a highway by any real stretch of the imagination, given that there are generally no sides, the lane stops on a white line on the edge with about 10-20cm of bitumen overhang.

      The wild life does start moving at dusk, and is not limited to relatively small animals, but donkeys, camels and the regular cows and bulls (often Brahmen (sp?) in this area - really big buggers) make emus and kangaroos look tame. Where a kangaroo is unpredictable, the cow stands on the road in the dark, waiting for a car to hit it.

      Indeed - swerving is bad because you might roll the car as stated, but the animal is likely to swerve in the direction of your swerve. Best remedy, stop driving.

      --
      |>>? ..EBCDIC for Onno..
    4. Re:Why stop at 5pm? by PingPongBoy · · Score: 1

      The wild life does start moving at dusk, and is not limited to relatively small animals, but donkeys, camels and the regular cows and bulls (often Brahmen (sp?) in this area - really big buggers) make emus and kangaroos look tame. Where a kangaroo is unpredictable, the cow stands on the road in the dark, waiting for a car to hit it.


      Premise. This thread is about energy.

      Premise. Moving animals possess plenty of energy.

      Conclusion. When it comes time, hitch the car to a moving animal.

      --
      Know your pads. One time pad: good for cryptography. Two timing pad: where to take your mistress.
  25. Here's the point: by shadow_slicer · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Activities like this may not extend mankind's knowledge about solar power, but they are useful.

    Parent made an excellent point, apparently without realizing it:
    "all it does is give universities with lots of money the ability to build super lite cars that run on solor power"

    Activities like this give aspiring engineers of various disciplines an opportunity to work on a large project. In engineering fields, work experience on large projects is invaluable.

    Also, activities like this expose many of the people who would be designing the cars/power plants/??? of the future to solar power.

    In that sense, these activities are more important than the X-prize (or "S-Prize"), because it exposes people to these technologies, making them more comfortable using them in the future. It doesn't matter if you have a 98% efficient solar panel costing $1/MW, if no one in design is willing to risk using it.

    As the parent implied, solar tech is not ready yet, but I maintain that in preparation for the future when the technology IS ready, activities like these are needed to allow for more rapid adoption.
  26. Balmy compared to Darwin by raceface · · Score: 1

    If you ever spend some time in Darwin you'll figure out that Adelaide actualy is balmy compared to Darwin. +25 compared to +40. Balmy vs. Very HOT. I'd take Adelaide any day of the week.

    --
    Ride recklessly only when safe to do so.
  27. fucking stupid mod didnt even check the link by sh10051 · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    NO TEXT

  28. DON'T CLICK! HIGHLY DISGUSTING! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Congrats, /. This post even got modded 2. Nice people. The moderators, I mean. The original poster is, how can I say... a minor problem.

  29. Because Technology is NOT THERE! by dreadlord76 · · Score: 1

    Have you done the math how much land would be covered to replace 1 1000 MW Nuclear Power Plant? The best Solar technology today would need $5 billion dollar investment in Solar panels alone to generate 1000MW, and covers about 10 Sq miles. That is 10 square miles that has 100% Sun exposure 365 days a year.

    For California alone, to meet peak demands in the summer, we would need to build 45 of these. That's 450 sq miles of your Desert covered up with solar panels, and we better hope that we get good sun there all the time, or else, the state goes dark.

    In the winter, when we don't get as much sun shine, the solar panels will operate at reduced efficiency. Reducing peak power available.

    Of course, now what do we do at night? I don't believe anyone has gone and figured out how to supply 15,000MW using lead acid batteries, for up to 14 hours a day. Talk about environment pollution and disaster!

    We've harvested as much Hydro power available here in CA without damming up Yosemite Valley. And the need of the salmons is beginning to outweigh the needs of the people.

    Wind power requires... WIND! Sites that has enough wind aren't all that common, and people are very upset about Turbine generators because

    1. They kill birds.

    2. They are an eyesore to some, especially people with beach properties.

    One energy source that we should be tapping from, for LONG TERM, is Solar Satellites. A 5 Sq Km Solar Panel in GeoSync orbit can beam down power to a receiver station, and putting up 10-12 of those will take care of the energy needs for the forseeable future.

    1. Re:Because Technology is NOT THERE! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How will you maintain a solar satelite? The diodes bake as they're exposed to all that radiation, and lose their biasing over time. Heck, all the components of the satelite will be cooked as you leave it up there.

    2. Re:Because Technology is NOT THERE! by dreadlord76 · · Score: 1

      Let's say that $0.15/KWh is the target price for power, and 1/3 of the cost goes to satellite replacement, and each satellite generates 2GW. If the satellite operates for 15 years, then the satellite will generate total revenue of $39.5 billion, and we surely can spend $13 billion to build and launch a new one. Even assuming the satellite is operational 80% of the time, that leaves us over $10 billion for a new satellite.
      So, Let it COOK!

    3. Re:Because Technology is NOT THERE! by annisette · · Score: 1

      Solar satellites are a good idea, the problem is the phrase "beam down energy" scientist are still trying to figure what the beam could be, microwaves could work but there would be a problem of how big the recieving point needs to be and the distribution of a high concentration of energy. people have talked about a runaway beam frying large swaths of land. A possible better idea that I like is to use ground based solar power to crack water and store the hydrogen for later use or pump water up into a manmade reservoir to power a hydroelectric turbine when needed ( I believe this is used in L.A.).

      --
      I eat my grapes at room temperature, cuz the cold ones hurt my teeth
    4. Re:Because Technology is NOT THERE! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The wind turbines I have seen have a rotational period of about 1 second (max). A bird that can't see/avoid something that large and slow should be weeded out of the gene pool.

      I believe the largest source of day to day, man-induced bird deaths are due to window panes (by far), followed by domestic cats.

  30. wow! by FIGJAM · · Score: 1

    Where is the 7th World?

    How do we challenge it?

    --
    Do your best, hope for the best, suspect the worst.
  31. Moderators on crack! Someone mod-down quick! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That is a verry mis-leading post! The URL points to a webpage where a woman has shit on her face and then the goatse.cx/hello.jpg is everywhere!

    Someone please moderate the parent post quickly so other people aren't fooled into clicking.

    Who modded this up? When do I get moderator points so I can help slashdot.org defeat these trolls?

  32. A better challenge by sammyo · · Score: 1

    One day, but each has to transport five pre-teens to school, soccer (futbol) practice, and get in and out of a parking lot at Starbucks quickest.

  33. Sunswift II by kelv · · Score: 1

    For those interested, here is the race web site of the Sunswift II team from UNSW.

  34. BAHAHAHAHA by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    poor Adelaide

  35. Last year's winners by photonic · · Score: 1

    Although i am not involved in any way, i'm still proud that the last race was won by my university, Delft University of Technolgy (the Netherlands).

    Have a look at the page of the team here.

    They won the last race as debutants, mainly because they got some big money from a power company that allowed them to buy space grade (triple junction?) solar cells. They are coached by Wubbo Ockels, the only dutch astronaut, so ESA is also involved.

    --
    karma police: arrest this man, he talks in maths; he buzzes like a fridge, he's like a detuned radio. [radiohead]
  36. 15 years of cooking? by Chep · · Score: 1

    Here's the problem: you aren't sure that this sat will be efficient enough during these 15 years to deliver these 2GW. Perhaps 2GW at the beginning, but 0.5GW at the end (and I'm perhaps stretching the current state of technology).

    Now this brings a dent in the economics of the project, doesn't it?

    OTOH, you can probably count on economies of scale: if that thing works, there will probably be a couple dozens of these birds up there.

  37. Re:Balmy??? Shitty? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    and heading for a crap cold week of 18.

    the adelaide weather definetly used to be better than this when i was a kid.

    more like shitty than balmy.

  38. Re:Camp? - night crashes. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Not just the wildlife.

    As they say in the movie about the small hawaiian school team which competed 10-15 years ago - watch out for the road trains.

    For those who don't know, these are tractor,trailer,trailer,trailer units (Used to be up to 5, I believe that's now limited to 3, someone correct me please)

    Driving at night in a low profile car might well be cooler (less driver fatigue), but it's far more dangerous - apart from the road trains, roos and emus, there are also feral camels - and these like to lie on the tarmac at night soaking up the road's heat to keep warm....

  39. And YELLING was not enough! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This guy still is modded as 0, instead of -1.

    This is not the worst post, but it's one of the worst cases of _bad_ moderation I've seen over the last 5 years or so.

  40. Perhaps news.google.com can help.... by FireAtWill · · Score: 1

    Google news search for World Solar Challenge (sorted by descending date)

  41. Oh yes it is.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

    Yes, the link I gave you showed you the maths - indeed to generate *all* the power needed just with solar would require large areas of land. That is why I was suggesting that such scheme should operate in conjunction with other alternatives. You dont need to meet "peak" demand in the way you suggest. Dont forget that there is an area in your home that can be used to generate free power - your roof. You can cover the roof of your home with solar tiles, combined with systems that directly heat water for the house etc.

    Zero annual electricity bills for these guys - the tiles make as much electricity as they take from the grid. (ok with gas heating). Check also This link, This link , This link or This link

    Do you think that nuclear is a better option? Or cheaper? The UK (and many other countries) has squandered truely huge amounts of money on nuclear, now, it appears, with no positive end result - they are going to be left with a collection of reactor sites that are going to be very expensive to decommission and clean up. If they had invested just a fraction of that money on renewables, we would be burning a heck of a lot less coal/oil/gas now. There are actually parts of the world (ie Chernobyl) that are too radioactive to live, thanks to mistakes/miscalculations made by the nuclear power industry..

    And the point is - why bother with nuclear, why take the risk? It is becoming very apparent that alternatives really can deliver cheap electricity, without the same level of pollution and waste. Furthermore, costs of solar cells will drop as volumes increase. Case in point - look at the monitor you are (probably) looking at now - if it is TFT - and think how much the price has decreased in the last few years as manufacturing techniques have improved and volumes increased.. Push the production volumes up, and have every house in the country use solar tiling..

    The UK is setting a target of getting 20% of its power from re-newables by 2020, and a lot of that will be wind-power. There are soon to be huge offsiore wind farms in construction.. And they are not noisy, nor do they upset wildlife - thats basically a myth - same site documents the evidence. The USA has a similar wealth on uneploited wind sites too..

    In the UK we could in fact have 200% power needs just from offshore/onshore wind without too much difficulty. What do you do when you have too much power? Turn it into hydrogen for cars. What do you do when you dont have enough power? Burn some hydrogen.. We already have infrastructure to transport gas.

    --
    "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    1. Re:Oh yes it is.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      dead birds are not upset wildlife because they're dead :>

    2. Re:Oh yes it is.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      Its largely a myth, but are you seriously suggesting that other forms of power generation have no environmental impact?

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    3. Re:Oh yes it is.. by ErikZ · · Score: 1

      Zero annual electricity bills?!

      Do you realize it's statements like this that make people not trust enviromentalists anymore?

      Yeah, they pay zero for electricty, just like a new homeowner doesn't have to pay rent anymore!

      I don't know what the legal situation in the UK is with Nuclear, but nuclear can be cheaper, if you bother to reprocess the fuel. Too bad the enviromentals got around to getting rid of all the reprocessing plants in the US. You don't seem to mention that.

      Nuclear=Small controlable radioactive waste.
      Solar=Enormous amounts of chemical waste.

      And what do you suggest we use to power space travel? Solar cells? Great, if you never want to go much further than mars. All that money that you "Squandered" goes into learning about nuclear reactions.

      And frankly, I'm amazed that anyone from England would endorse solar. I lived there for several years. "It is now spring. That bright light you see up above is called "The Sun". You may be curious, but do not look directly at "The Sun"...

      --
      Democrats or Republicans. They are both taking us to the same place and they are not afraid of us anymore.
    4. Re:Oh yes it is.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      I was just quoting the article that claimed zero-electric bills (on balance) for a solar-powered house in Australia (minus heating), go read it and figure..

      The UK is in fact one of the countries with the biggest wealth of *wind* resources - we could fairly readily generate 100%+ of our needs with off-shore wind plants - ok that would require a more advanced power regulation and control system, but the potential is there.

      The original article was about solar powered vehicles in *australia* (remember?) so I thought it relevant to post information about solar power technology. Even in Europe, solar is a viable power source, and is being used in various projects.

      Oh sure, Nuclear is fine. I mean, ok there are odd regions of the world like Chernobyl and the Irish sea that are radioactive & hazardous thanks to nuclear power, but hey, its cheap. Well, ok it cost a lot to develop, and its gonna cost a lot to decommission, so much that the UK government is calling a stop to it, but yes of course if you dont include all that in your calculations, its cheap.

      All the money squandered is in fact squandered. They decided to spend vast amounts of money trying to make *non-military* nuclear power pay off - and it didnt.

      If its needed for space, and the risks are small, then use it for space. Its a different issue really.

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
    5. Re:Oh yes it is.. by ErikZ · · Score: 1

      I did read the article. It was awful. Summary: "Some guy got solar and it powers his whole house!"

      And when you quote something, it means that it matches your line of thinking or your argument. Otherwise, it means you like grabbing random sentences from articles and peppering your posts with them. You were trying to mislead people.

      Off-shore Wind plants seem to be a good thing. I hope it works out well.

      Nuclear power is safe. Until you have the plants run by idiots who turn off all the safeties and control rods. Just like airplanes are safe until you start having them flown by min wage high schoolers. Or that fireworks factories are safe until someone decides to take a smoke break.

      You have to handle nuclear power with openness and intelligence, which is very difficult to do when the environmentalists have people wound up about nuclear power, and protest without thinking.

      How do you know that they didn't make nuclear power pay off? They could have a fantastic design sitting there and you'll never know about it because you don't care!

      And nuclear is nuclear. Whether it is for space, propelling large military ships, MRIs, or making fire alarms. There is a lot of basic research that must be done in a field of science for any advancement to be made.

      --
      Democrats or Republicans. They are both taking us to the same place and they are not afraid of us anymore.
  42. Sungropers Online via Satellite by |>>? · · Score: 1

    The sungroper team from Western Australia is 258km out of Darwin, 61km from the Katherine control stop, and all are well.

    We've set-up the mobile internet dish in the dark and we're merrily typing away at our camp kitchen table, sending messages to the world. The sungroper website is being updated as we speak, but I'll leave it to you to find it, so we have a chance to upload before you swamp it :-)

    The car performed as expected, but the weather had a bonus cloud base - not a lot of charging happened. While we're happy, and ahead of several other teams at the moment, we've got a tough day ahead with some trailering by the look of things. I guess that if a nuclear device were to be set off that might boost our charge a little more than the sun;-)

    You might recall a post a week or so ago, about the mobile internet satellite guy down under, we'll it's me again and as promised we're live and kicking with the dish!

    Please be kind to the sungroper web-site!

    --
    |>>? ..EBCDIC for Onno..
  43. Re:Just goes to show.. PS.. by adeyadey · · Score: 1

    That would be the idea - all batteries would comply to one format - maybe some differences in capacity size for different vehicles, but otherwise a standard system. The system could be automatic, a machine is aligned to a panel & takes the old one out & puts a new one in. Remember petrol is not easy to handle safely, a lot of development & technology goes into making a modern service station safe.

    At the moment in the EU we pay US $50+ for a full tank, and the station owner makes peanuts on that, so there is room for profit.

    Continuing to pump & rely on increasingly rare oil resources creates political problems in ares like the Middle-east, as well as causing pollution and global warming. Furthermore oil is a resource that should be preserved for thingslike manufacturing plastics in future generations, not just burned for cheap'n'dirty energy..

    --
    "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
  44. Solar cell costs by xixax · · Score: 1
    You do know *why* they stop at 5 PM each night? It gets dark.

    Also, the manufacture of solar cells is rather like that for other chips in terms of energy and (nasty) chemicals. Then there's the task of collecting that power and distributing it to where people live (or storing it in batteries made of heavy metals and other funky crap).

    Yes, we should strive for better energy soucres. But just now, I don't see any alternative energy sources that are capable of meeting our appetite.

    Xix.

    --
    "Everything is adjustable, provided you have the right tools"
    1. Re:Solar cell costs by adeyadey · · Score: 1

      Well, there are polution issues with most manufcturing processes- the point with wind/solar is that its a "one-off", the cell will then be in use hopefully for a few decades, not making anymore pollutions. Whereas when you fill your car petrol up, a whole load of CO2, CO, NO, Hg, etc isgoing up in smoke as a result..

      Wind energy looks a good bet - prices are coming down to around $0.01-0.02/kilowatt hour, the turbines keep going for decades..

      As I said before, there are no zero-impact solutions, just better ones..

      --
      "You lied to me! There is a Swansea!"
  45. Sungroper in Dunmarra by |>>? · · Score: 1

    Hi all,

    We got up in the morning in total darkness at 4am and headed out to 58km short of Katherine. There we set up the array and waited for the sun which never arrived. A grand total of .08Ah was put into our 26Ah batteries. We now had 2.08Ah to start the day.

    After deliberation, we trailered to the control point in Katherine where we were welcomed with open arms. Apparently reports overnight varied between - we'd given up, gone back to Darwin, gone bush or went camping - no-one seems to read this list, or /.

    During and after our half hour control stop we tried to charge until 10:29 we trailered until 11 looking for the sub. At 11:12, Doug started driving, with a total charge of 4.08Ah. We started driving and drove for 80km on sunlight alone - no battery charge was used.

    It should be noted that nothing was wrong with Sungroper, just that the weather gods had decided to share a serious cloud-base with us - including later rain.

    We put Sungroper into the trailer at Mataranka and headed for the hills. We drove all the way to Dunmarra control point where we arrived at 16:20 and achieved a charge until sunset of another 6Ah, total charge is now 10Ah.

    Bevan is updating the web-site and you should see data arriving there shortly.

    Want more updates:

    Send an email to: sungroper-announce-subscribe@yahoogroups.com

    --
    |>>? ..EBCDIC for Onno..
    1. Re:Sungroper in Dunmarra by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > no-one seems to read this list, or /. That's because no one cares about loud, fat dutchmen running around the Australian outback with satellite dishes. Now if you were to nobble one of the American teams, slag off Apple or suggest that this website is full or narcissistic wankers you might get some air time on /. :-)

  46. Re:Just goes to show.. PS.. by Jogar+the+Barbarian · · Score: 1

    Are you suggesting that once we get rid of those, the air pollution problems will be solved?

    No no, but it would help. Our air pollution problems won't be solved until my officemates start using Tic-Tacs.

    --
    3. Profit!
    2. ???
    1. On Soviet Slashdot, a Beowulf cluster of alien Natalie Portman overlords welcomes YOU!
  47. Solar from headlights by bluGill · · Score: 1

    Until some team designs their car with a few solar panels on the back to catch the headlights from the chase van, and aims those headlights to hit that one spot. Not as much as full sun, so it isn't worth it if you are racing during the day, but if you want to go all night you can cheat a lot by generating power elsewhere, and using light to beam it at you.

  48. Sungroper in Tennant Creek by |>>? · · Score: 1

    At the end of the third day, we're camped in Tennant Creek after driving for the first half of the day and then trailering for ~170km. Satellite connection is live, and we're getting lots more people here. We got a good charge this morning, used only 6Ah out of the batteries while driving today (leaving ~4Ah in the batteries). Between this evenings charge and tomorrow morning, we should be able to start tomorrow with about 21Ah in the batteries, and spend almost all day driving. We think the steering's out of alignment, as we're getting performance 20-30% worse than track testing before the race.

    We've just discovered that while we can receive SMS's on the Iridium phones (for free) we can't actually SEND SMS's - Onno has just downloaded the user manual. We're getting your SMS's, and appreciate them, but don't be offended when you don't get a reply...

    Tomorrow the plan is to get maximum distance on our almost full batteries, driving at a nice steady speed all day then trailering forward if necessary to a good campsite, probably the same place Sungroper stayed last race, past Barrow Creek (we've been told Ti Tree is a dump).

    We've done a total of 480km under solar power, and 506 trailered. Needing to trailer during during race time (before 5pm, and getting to control stops by 5:10pm) really cuts down our available driving time, as we need to stop and put the car in the trailer really early. We need to choose a spot with room to put the car in the trailer (often tens of km apart) with enough time to spare to guarantee worst-case time to the control point. Partial (at best) to full cloud for all of the first two days didn't help either...

    We hope to put lots more solar km on the clock tomorrow, we've left the clouds behind and it's completely clear.

    Photos and info will be up on the website soon.

    --Andrew

    --
    |>>? ..EBCDIC for Onno..