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Police Disperse Bush Protesters with Pepper Paintballs

help_cecil_help writes "The AP has this story on how Bush protesters in Jacksonville Oregon were dispersed by local police using 'pepperballs.' The Jacksonville City Administrator described the projectiles as 'like a paintball filled with cayenne pepper'."

40 of 259 comments (clear)

  1. to all Americans out there by xutopia · · Score: 3, Insightful

    wether you support Bush or not this is fascism.

    1. Re:to all Americans out there by l1nuxpunk · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I agree. This is absolutely disgusting.

      Does the first amendment even apply anymore? I can't tell.

      --
      Prontab.net - Porn for geeks. (nsfw)
    2. Re:to all Americans out there by escher · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Welcome to the United Police States of America. Papers, please!

    3. Re:to all Americans out there by finkployd · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Really, what country are you in where cops are perfectly ok with protesters pushing them and instigating a fight (or did you not read the article?)

      Finkployd

    4. Re:to all Americans out there by finkployd · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You find it hard to believe that anyone of the hundreds of protestors was being violent or aggressive with the police? Hell when you get that many angry people together I would find it hard to believe.

      Have you ever BEEN in a protest? There are always people who just want to fuck things up and make a scene.

      Finkployd

    5. Re:to all Americans out there by zxnos · · Score: 2, Insightful

      is it fascism when revelers (after superbowls, world series, etc.) are dispersed in the same manner? or is it for protection for property/person?

      granted it seems like the response by local authorities was over the top. but remember bush supporters where present too. even musilini (and stalin) didnt attack those who supported them.

      just overzealous cops here, move along.

      --
      always mosh clockwise
    6. Re:to all Americans out there by Squinky86 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yes, the first amendment still applies. It is normally crowds like this that cause damage and violence and the police force was used to push the demonstrators into an area where they could better be controlled. In the case of Hustler v. Falwell, it was judged that fighting words, or words that could incite revolt at their very utterance, were not allowed. It was slanderous remarks coming from the crowd that incited the demonstrators to be pushed back. What is disgusting is that the article makes no mention of the police also pushing back the people roudily chanting "4 more years" and making obscene gestures/remarks at the ones shouting "3 more weeks." The bias in this article was astounding. Freedoms must be limited to an extent to allow them to be practiced to their fullest degree.

    7. Re:to all Americans out there by Zitchas · · Score: 2, Insightful

      From all that I can tell from the article, there wasn't anything that could be termed "fighting words". And even if there were, I fundementally disagree that some cop can arbitrarly decide "Oh, that sounds like he actually meant it. Let's break this up now." Quite frankly, unless they're actually inciting violence or obviously trying to start a riot/mob mentality, the police shouldn't be able to do anything. With all respect to police, who do provide a necesary function in our society, they should NOT be in the busness of preventing "disturbances" in the political and/or freedom of speach areas. Just like they can't arrest someone for walking down the street dressed in black at night on the basis that "they might be planning to break into somewhere", they should not be allowed to break up demonstrations (and even arrest people for failing to disperse) if said demonstration was not doing anything illegal. From the sounds of the article they weren't even blocking the street, and that's one of the easiest and least violent things a protest can do. If they aren't even doing that, what's the chances they're doing anything worse. (say, throwing rocks at the oposing group, or the police) Essentially, it's the entire "presumed innocent untill proven guilty" thing. Which is what the constitution is based on. Although from what I can tell from outside of the US it does appear to be gradually changing towards "presumed guilty untill proven inocent", what with all the anti-terrorism and anti-don't like the goverment type bills.

      --
      Z
    8. Re:to all Americans out there by battlesharrp · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The first amendment stopped applying after the Party Conventions this year had "Free Speech" zones. This is America. Why do we need specific places for freedom of speech? That makes me sad. And ashamed.

  2. According to TFA... by droid_rage · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The police didn't start firing pepper balls until people in the crowd started pushing them.

    Is it excessive? Definitely. But rather than calling this fascism, I'd call this hyper-sensitivity by law enforcement, probably mostly due to the constant terror warnings and the much higher than normal tension over this election.

  3. ummm... by Tanktalus · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Fascism? No. This is a bunch of cops who would rather inflict than be inflicted upon. I highly doubt either candidate would tell the cops to do this!

    From the article:

    We were being loud, but I never knew that was against the law.
    Yeah, most cities have noise ordnances. And:
    ...the protest was peaceful until a few people started pushing police. Police reacted...
    You start pushing them, they get worried about their safety, and respond. An earlier protest didn't get the news coverage, so I assume there were no pepper bullets fired there. Just a bit of a mob mentality (two opposing sides yelling at each other - it'll get heated!), and a few self-preserving cops.

    Nothing to see here. Move along.

    1. Re:ummm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      "a few people start pushing police..."

      so the posilce shoot everyone.

      sounds like collective punishment to me - and that's something to see.

    2. Re:ummm... by node+3 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Fascism? No. This is a bunch of cops who would rather inflict than be inflicted upon. I highly doubt either candidate would tell the cops to do this!

      They don't have to tell them what to do, they just set up the situation and let things unfold "naturally".

      Yeah, most cities have noise ordnances.

      You can't let local ordinances (your misspelling is quite amusing in context) trump democracy. If you do, that's just the sort of sign to look for to warn you that you're in a fascist state.

      Just a bit of a mob mentality (two opposing sides yelling at each other - it'll get heated!), and a few self-preserving cops.

      "Self-preserving"? They were pushed. That's what they're there for. To provide a wall between the people and the President. In a democracy, walls aren't supposed to shoot people who "push" against it. Shooting people with chemical weapons (they've one-upped the normal mace cans with this one, now they've combined chemical and projectile weapons into one!) is excessive.

    3. Re:ummm... by node+3 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Take your pick. Either the cops let shit get out of hand in which case people start fighting and breaking shit, or they can end it BEFORE anything starts.

      False dichotomy. The crowd wasn't shot at for "fighting and breaking shit", it was for speaking up about Bush.

      In fact, the only real violence was on the part of the police who shot people. This is excessive force against the right of the people to dissent. That's an act of a fascist state.

      Do you realize you are condoning actions which diminish the moral validity of our nation?

      Either way, they have goddamned idiots like your stupid self up their ass about how they're fascist.

      That doesn't make any sense. No one calls them fascists if they let people assemble.

      Grow the fuck up, dipshit.

      And you're the paragon of maturity? LOL

    4. Re:ummm... by Rayonic · · Score: 1, Insightful

      > You can't let local ordinances (your misspelling is quite amusing in context) trump democracy.

      So...

      Undemocratic: Having your elected officials pass laws, and having some kind of police force enforce said laws.

      Democratic: Letting a small group of people break what laws they want and intimidate the greater populace.

      Gotcha.

    5. Re:ummm... by cnsc1rtr · · Score: 2, Insightful
      They don't have to tell them what to do, they just set up the situation and let things unfold "naturally".

      You can't let local ordinances (your misspelling is quite amusing in context) trump democracy. If you do, that's just the sort of sign to look for to warn you that you're in a fascist state.

      From what I read in TFA (which I doubt is complete from either the protesters' side or the cops'), the police were trying to move the crowd away from the place that Bush was going to be staying at. I live in Phoenix. We had huge streets shut down last week for extra security for the candidates. People aren't allowed to get too close to them for good reason. The police were trying to move the people away from the Inn and they were probably also trying to keep the Bush and Kerry groups apart.

      Then some dumbass started pushing the cops. We don't know exactly what happened though, so this is really stupid to argue about. Maybe someone bumped into a cop and the cops then unleashed hundreds of rounds of pepperballs into the crowd... Maybe a couple people actually shoved an officer or two and the took a couple pepperballs and the rest of the crowd was just bitching about the small bit of the cloud of pepper dust that got to them... Maybe the cops used grossly excessive force... Maybe they were actually showing a bit of restraint before shooting. We just don't have enough information to make this a valid thing to argue about.
      Shooting people with chemical weapons (they've one-upped the normal mace cans with this one, now they've combined chemical and projectile weapons into one!) is excessive.

      Actually, Mace® is way worse than pepperballs because its active ingredient is CS (chlorobenzylidene malonitrile). It is possible to die from CS, although it is not very likely.

      The active ingredient in Pepperballs is capsaicin, just like in ordinary oleoresin capsicum (OC/"pepper spray"). It is basically just the same active ingredient that makes a pepper hot. People don't die from it. In fact, I've seen a couple people who are barely even affected by it. (They were both mexicans who ate insanely spicy stuff everyday)

      The projectile nature of pepperballs is mroe for delivery than for pain compliance. On bare skin, ya, it might hurt. But if it was really that bad, people wouldn't participate in recreational activites in which one is very likely to get hit many times with paintballs.

      Although, I guess I'm probably just bitching about details because you said "mace" instead of "pepper spray." (It is kinda like saying xerox-machine instead of photocopier)
  4. Re:Knocked down by a paint ball...? by escher · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Well then -- go out, get shot by a cayenne pepper paintball, then come back and tell us how you feel.

  5. Working theory by BrynM · · Score: 4, Insightful
    I've been tempted in the last few elections to just vote for the cantidate who actually talks to his/her protestors or the cantidate with the least protestors. How you treat someone who doesn't agree with you is a good measure of leadership skills in my opinion. This quieting of dissent by force really scares me as an american. I watched as my city turned into a police state during a WTO protest that happened here. None - I repeat: NONE - of the protestors were violent, but many of them and many bystanders were arrested anyway for edicts passed the night before by our city council which were breaching the constitutional right to assemble (They've been taken off the books now, but their intent was carried out). The Republican party has been way overreaching this year. I'm not voting for a single republican.

    So Republican slashdotters: go and tell your party that an independant voter won't even consider your cantidates because of this. Change this from within because they certainly aren't listening to us external voices.

    --
    US Democracy:The best person for the job (among These pre-selected choices...)
  6. Quashing of dissent by Engineer-Poet · · Score: 4, Insightful
    I remember speeches by pols where protest signs held up in the auditorium were taken in stride. Hell, I attended a speech by President Ford which was punctuated by cries of "What about Nixon?" from somewhere off to my right. (This was before I was able to vote, natch.)

    I have never, ever seen anything like the reflexive hostility of this administration to normal political opposition. This Bush should expect it; he got into office on a hugely controversial court decision and with fewer votes than his opponent, and has proceeded to embark on an extreme right-wing program targetting access to and even information about birth control, gutting of pollution regulations and the doctoring of scientific information on government websites to conform to a partisan agenda.

    Nothing can excuse this. Nothing. And then we read about the arrest and harassment of people whose only act is to register their discontent with the acts of the President, over and over and over.

    I have few beefs with the President over the most controversial of his actions, over in a hot, tired and dusty land far away... but the rest of this stuff threatens the very soul of America if it is allowed to continue. So the only thing I can do is to vote the rascal out, as a lesson to him and any who would follow him:

    Thou shalt not abridge the freedom of speech, or of the press, or tell falsehoods about the conclusions which our taxpayer-financed research has given us, or let anyone contaminate my air and water for the bonuses of the corporate executive class. Not In My Name.

    (And that goes for anyone pandering to the postmodern PC idiotarians on the other side too; throw sops to them, and you've declared yourself my enemy.)

  7. "Freedom is On The March!" by Cryofan · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I can hardly wait until we can spread American freedom all over the world.....

    --
    eat shiat and bark at the moon
  8. Best reaction by korny69 · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Probably the best reaction from the police that could have been made was to instead grab and arrest the offending few and allow the rest to protest peacefully.

    Instead, like said above, they decided to take it out on everyone. I can see where past thoughts would have said to stop the entire protest because it could errupt into something very large. But, the police could have arrested the few perps and allowed the rest to go on. Anyone at the protest, who would have seen the people pushing their luck, probably would have supported the arrests and spread the word throughout.

    Problem is that Americans see on TV how fast a crowd of peaceful people protesting can errupt into a mob of car-pushing, fire-lighting persons. Probably without even thinking, and going on what they have seen in the past, the police made the wrong decision.

    It is time that police organizations around the country start to re-think the idea of crowd control. From the RNC to this situation, we have too much policing and not enough protesting.

    --

    The biggest security hole sits between the keyboard and chair.
    -Andrew McAllister

    1. Re:Best reaction by Atzanteol · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Probably the best reaction from the police that could have been made was to instead grab and arrest the offending few and allow the rest to protest peacefully.

      That often doesn't happen though. While you're arresting those few, the people around them sometimes get angry and begin to resist the arresting.

      Anyone at the protest, who would have seen the people pushing their luck, probably would have supported the arrests and spread the word throughout.

      Again, very naive IMHO. Police tactics are setup the way they are for a reason. They used pepper to avoid injuring anybody (in the past all they had was guns and hoses). The mob was broken up, and nobody was seriously hurt. If this is fascism, it's changed over the last 100 years (reply not to you here, but others who are way over-reacting)

      It is time that police organizations around the country start to re-think the idea of crowd control. From the RNC to this situation, we have too much policing and not enough protesting.

      (don't forget the DNC too). There are people who make a living trying to figure out the solution to this problem. You think it's an easy one? 500 people with maybe 20 cops to control them? It would be nice if we could trust the protesters to be 'nice' and to not destroy things. History shows they are prone to do otherwise though. Mobs get angry, and *very* out of control. If it gets out of control the police are blamed, if they stop it early the police are blamed. If you're so friggin' smart, what's your solution?

      --
      "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge"

      - Charles Darwin
  9. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by dar · · Score: 5, Insightful

    You would compare a shirt that says "Hitler was right" to one that says "Protect our civil liberties"?

    Your argument is only valid if the Bush gathering found the phrase "Protect our civil liberties" repugnant.

    --
    My other Slashdot ID is much lower.
  10. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by BrynM · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Second, I guarantee you that the back of the ticket says, "This is a pro-Bush, pro-Republican rally. You presence is contingent upon not pissing in our Cheerios" or, something to that effect.
    They say nothing of the sort. Funny that. I think you're pushing it with your Hitler example as well. "Hitler was right" is far more offensive than what these teachers wore - I don't even thik the shirts the teachers wore could be really considered anti-Bush. The shirts were a simple statement that I'd gladly make to ANY public official regardless of party affiliation. As to your third point, I don't think feeling good and getting rah-rah is a constitutional right. They can pursue it, but it's not a given. Finally, public protestors were arrested en masse in New York during the RNC. Consider these recent arrests follow-ups.
    --
    US Democracy:The best person for the job (among These pre-selected choices...)
  11. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by mithras · · Score: 4, Insightful

    tdemark. Tony. You're not being reasonable. Perhaps I'm simply feeding the trolls, but...

    Are you seriously suggesting that wearing a t-shirt that says "Protect Our Civil Liberties" is just as offensive to the President of the United States of America...

    ...as wearing a "Hitler was right" t-shirt to a Jewish bar mitzvah?

    This isn't even about the women's rights in this instance. This is about what the President and his administration finds offensive.

    How is reminding the president of one of his duties "pissing in [his] Cheerios"?

    Sorry, Tony. You're a bad, bad troll. If I had mod points right now...

  12. In Soviet Russia.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    In Soviet Russia... well, the same thing happens.

  13. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by tdemark · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Your argument is only valid if the Bush gathering found the phrase "Protect our civil liberties" repugnant.

    No, it is only valid if the organizers felt that the shirts would make the attendees uncomfortable.

  14. crowd control by zxnos · · Score: 5, Insightful

    i would chalk this up to the police begin stupid. since political emotions are really high right now. i find it really hard to believe bush (or kerry should roles be reversed) or his people would tell the cops to start peppering people, for this very reason, it will get reported.

    the cops started to move the crowd for 'security reasons', i am sure. one cop was probably green and got jittery.

    i have seen cops stand there and ignore people screaming at them during new years parties or when the local team wins a huge game. i have even seen them wrestle down the few trouble makers and let everyone go about there business. sometimes the crowd gets dispersed w/ pepper/gas. usually once some morons flip over a car or something.

    what are cops going to do? let property get destoyed or pepper some people.

    in summary, more likely jittery cops than political.

    --
    always mosh clockwise
  15. Who to believe? by Bowling+Moses · · Score: 2, Insightful

    From TFA: "Jacksonville City Administrator Paul Wyntergreen said the protest was peaceful until a few people started pushing police. Police reacted by firing pepperballs, which he described as projectiles like a paintball filled with cayenne pepper. Two people were arrested for failing to disperse. There were no reports of injuries."

    Police were pushed, then responded or: "He [Richard Swaney] said he was walking with the crowd away from the inn when he was hit in the back with three separate bursts, one of which knocked him down. He felt a stinging sensation he thought was rubber bullets and smelled pepper. "I don't think I moved fast enough,'' said Swaney. "I can't believe this happens in the United States. It was very peaceful. I think this is the way tyranny begins.''

    The two statements don't exactly jive, and both one could say are biased--a protestor who got hit in the back while walking away and the city administrator. Who to believe? At best the city administrator's account is accurate and we have hypersensitivity by the police. If the city administrator's account is wrong and the protest was peaceful then we have something worse. Unfortunately we have no account from an objective, independent third observer to decide the matter.

  16. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Let's say I come to your family's bah mitzvah wearing a shirt that says "Hilter was right." What would you do? Probably exactly what the event organizers did.

    Are you suggesting that the phrase "protect our civil liberties" is as offensive to Republicans as "Hitler was right" would be to Jews?

    How is "protect our civil liberties" an anti-republican statement? It should be a pro-every-party statement. That should be a phrase that is appropriate to promote whether you're a republican, democrat, green, socialist or libertarian.

    And by the sounds of it, at least one of the women is an actual Bush supporter. So by this move, it seems that you can not be both a Bush constituation and a defender of the Constitution?

    Your arguement is incredibly weak.

  17. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by tdemark · · Score: 3, Insightful

    That isn't what they said. They didn't say "uncomfortable". They said the shirts were OBSCENE.

    Since when is "protect civil liberties" *OBSCENE*?!


    Can you please point to the location in the quoted article where the organizers call the shirts "obscene"? Actually, can you point to any location in the article where the organizers are actually quoted as to their reasoning?

    - Tony

  18. I think you missed my point by Engineer-Poet · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Actually, there are large differences with prior "crowd dispersal" techniques. The police in recent times have invested lots of money and time into 'less than leathal' weapons for dealing with crowds.
    ... which makes it that much easier for the government to use them to squelch political discourse and peaceful (if noisy) protest, because the consequences are so much less likely to create martyrs (tin soldiers and Nixon coming, anyone?). Notice how much anti-speech action we're seeing?

    And what's with the epithet? I never even met Kenny!

  19. Re:NewSpeak. by RobertB-DC · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You make some good points -- my own cause (more trees, less Bush) isn't helped by name-calling.

    Just one clarification:
    Tolerance - [...] Appointing a record number of minorities to key cabinet positions is not tolerance.

    One of the things that made Bush a reasonably good governor here in Texas is that he was more truly color-blind than your typical "I have black friends" Democrat. He carried that virtue into the Presidency as well, which gave me hope that even with Gore's contested defeat, the country would still have a chance.

    Unfortunately, Bush proved that women and minorites can be just as dumb as white guys. That hubris knows no color. That Condoleesa Rice is just as qualified as any white male to make bad decisions. That Colin Powell can be duped into lying to the UN just as well as any white Secretary of State. And Hispanics can be just as radically right-wing as Anglos.

    I hope that part of Bush's legacy is a true integration of the upper echelons of government. I just hope that his legacy can start being tallied next January 21.

    --
    Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
  20. Talk to me when you have footage by Mawbid · · Score: 2, Insightful
    People lie. People spin. I'm too tired to try piece together a picture of protest violence that allows me to confidently condemn either party and spew righteous indignation so I can feel better.

    These are PROTESTS. They're outside. There are lots of people there. Didn't anybody bring a fucking video camera?

    --
    Fuck the system? Nah, you might catch something.
  21. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by Penis_Envy · · Score: 2, Insightful

    1.) How do they implicitly argue that the president was/is curtailing civil liberties? Depending on how you interpret it, they could have been supporting Bush, because he's defending our civil liberties.

    Okay, now laugh.

    2.) The article said they had tickets. How is that not an invitation?

  22. Been there, done that. by khasim · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Oh yeah, because that wouldn't give the rest of the crowd a flimsy excuse to act like even bigger cocks and escalate the situation further. That NEVER happens at protests...

    It all comes down to whether you believe that there are a few problem cases or almost all are problem cases. I believe that there are a few, you seem to believe that most of them are problems.

    Oh shit! Look out! It's a mild irritant designed to disperse large and unruly crowds before they get out of hand by making it slightly uncomfortable to stay in the same place! NAZIIIIIIIIIS!

    Let's try to keep the Nazi chatter under control, okay? Thanks.

    How old are you? Twelve? Thirteen?

    40

    I have an idea. Let's throw YOUR BITCH ASS into the middle of 500 people that disagree with each other and see how YOU react when you get pushed around.

    Been there, done that. Germany in the 70's. I was military and we had hundreds of people protest us. We were assigned to keep people out of one of our sites. We did it without any conflicts even though we only had our squad at that site. It's actually very easy to do, if you follow the training.

    Do you sit back and let the situation escalate into violence or do you take steps right then and there to make sure that doesn't happen?

    Like I said, you remove the problem cases and leave the rest of them alone. As long as they don't try to break through, they can sit and sing as long as they want.

    You're a fucking liar if you say you don't end it right there if you can.

    No, I've just had more training and practical experience dealing with protests. The majority of the people, in my experience, are calm and reasonable. It's only when the cops over-react that they become problems.

  23. Re:You pegged it by dtfinch · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Those weapons are meant for "riot dispersal". There are some differences between an angry crowd and a riot. If you're acting within your rights, your constitutional rights, and a police officer under orders from your government shoots you in the face with a paintball, filled not with paint but with cayenne pepper, to restrain you from further practice of your consitutional rights, guaranteed to you as a protection against government abuse, intentionally worded to allow no exceptions, is that a success? For who?

  24. What is the other side of the story by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    there are a lot of sensational reports of events like this.

    what were the protesters doing prior to this, ie throwing rocks, about to riot. etc

    i honestly havent seen a report to say that. so i dont know, but i usually find it hart to believe that the police saw a bunch of bush protesters and couldnt wait to shoot them with pepperballs. (or were commanded too)

    all it takes is one officer to PERCIEVE a threat, for all hell to break lose. thats pretty key when understanding an action like this, one officer feels threatened and uses appropriate force for that situation. the problem starts when everyone else gets into it.

  25. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by revscat · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Because for the president of the United States, the supposed defender of our constitution and the rights of all Americans, to have people arrested who are guilty of nothing more than being energetic about our liberties, is both tragic and criminal, and shows how little the president actually cares for those liberties whenever it comes time to put words into action. Given a choice between accepting a difference of view, or even encouraging those who wish to broaden our liberties, the president has them arrested. That, in my book, is the very definition of anti-American.

  26. Re:Teachers' T-shirts bring Bush speech ouster by Casualposter · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The responsibilities of the office of the President of the United STates are quite clearly delineated in the US Constitution. Among the duties of the President, and sworn to in the oath of office, is "to protect and defend the constitution of the United States." By removing someone who wore a shirt marked "Protect our Civil Liberties," the Repbulicans in charge of this gathering, have implied that they do not agree with that phrase. How can a man swear to uphold the US Constitution as required of him, and find repugnant the phrase "Protect our Civil Liberties?" If performing the duties of the office are so offensive, then why run for re-election? The job description has not changed in 200 years, and is unlikely to change in the next four.

    I am more than uncomfortable with a group of republicans who are uncomfortable with protecting our civil liberties. That is the foundation of the US government.

    --
    Creative Spelling Copyright (2002). May use without Persimmons