Slashdot Mirror
How Motherboards Are Made
mikemuch writes "Reporter Mark Hachman recently took a tour of a motherboard manufacturing facility operated by Gigabyte in Taiwan, and has posted a complete slideshow of the process. He was surprised by how much still had to be done by hand, but the company is still able to produce 1.5 million motherboards a month."
Sad truth is, unlike car assembly lines (which he mentions), it's cheaper to use trained humans to assemble low-value products like these, especially in a market based almost entirely on price (for consumer items at least).
I am one of many. My idea is not unique, nor do I expect my voice alone to sway you. I speak in a chorus of opinion.
"Well, first the grandfatherboard and the grandmotherboard have to love each other very much. And then they have a very special cuddle, and the grandfatherboard puts his pin into the grandmotherboard's socket, and then there's a motherboard."
Oompah Loompahs mix the chocolate by hand and look at how many Wonka Bars are produced a year! I wonder what the silicon valley equivalent of a chocolate river is...
...when we need him most. :/
A few years ago I worked on a project at ABB Robotics (largest maker of industrial robots) and had the chance to often see their production lines. Once upon a time their assembly lines were automated to a large degree, until they realized that their throughput wasn't big enough to benefit from robots doing the work. People were cheaper and needed less maintenance. When you built a new robot model, you could use the same people - with little extra education required. Robots on the other hand required expensive reprogramming and testing for each small change.
When I was there they were just dismantling the last robot in the line - the one that painted new robots. Instead they outsourced it and now three guys in gas masks spray paint them manually.
In this case, the Wikipedia fabrication article is rather useful. And as for the images from the article, it would be especially nice if we could do tagging in order to identify the machinery. What are they using? And how can we design similar machines?
Russian components, American components, ALL MADE IN TAIWAN!
Does anybody know what the missing step is? I'd investigate myself but I'm having all these bizarre intermittent problems with my computers, guess I'll have to upgrade my systems again.
funny..... my gigabyte motherboard just died.
Those of us who think they know everything annoy those of us who do.
An educated guess at what the two unknown steps in de slideshow were:
I think the first step where the author did not know what happened showed a machine for applying the glue for the surface mounted devices on the pcb. This step comes before the smd's are actually placed on the board. The glue keeps the components in place until they are soldered. I believe the glue is removed afterward, but I'm not sure.
The second 'interesting looking' thing looked like a device for transferring BIOS-IC's from plastic, tube-like containers to tape-rolls for the pick-and-place machines.
What person will donate an airborne act of love?
Technically speaking, the result is a Baby ATX....only later does it grow up to become a full-grown motherboard.
No sig today...
....Oh... I think recent news on "Skynet" http://hardware.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=07/03/ 10/1337226 freaked out the industry of building robots with robots...
Or maybe programmers are just charging to damn much....
This article isn't very impressive in terms of research, spelling or photographic quality. This is slashdot though, so I guess I can't complain.
When the author says "To be honest, I'm not sure what this machine does", from what I can see of the tiny photo, he's looking at a machine which stencils solder paste onto the exposed pads of the PCB.
When he says "The adhesive needs to be hardened, so the components won't fall off" he means the solder paste is melted then allowed to cool with the components in it, thereby attaching the components to the PCB electrically and mechanically.
When he says "BIOS Taping Area, I'm not quite sure what went on here" I would guess they are writing the BIOS code into the flash memory.
As he doesn't really explain, the reason people are putting connectors on the board manually even after the automated component placement stage is because the plastic connectors would melt in the heat of the oven, before the solder melted. So there are two processes: first the small, high tech chips are put on and soldered in the oven, then people manually insert the funny-shaped easy to melt parts, and they are soldered separately.
And now you know!
"Goodness me, how unlike the FBI to abuse the trust of the American public." -- The Onion
We all know that long ago in the Garden of Silicon the Divine Circut created the first FatherBoard in his own image. Then because the FatherBoard was lonely the Divine Circut took a rib logic gate from the FatherBoard and used it to create a MotherBoard to be the FatherBoards companion. Now MotherBoards can only be created within the sanctity of a Printing Process approved by the Holy Surface Mount Church.
Do not try to read the dupe, thats impossible. Instead, only try to realize the truth
What truth?
There is no dupe
The article skipped that detail.
FTA "Interestingly, the company(Gigabyte) has also filed for 1,249 patents"
Does that seem odd to anyone else?
More indepth for those who care. The flowing solder is (to me) th emost interesting and sparse par however, though AMD (did) have a few interesting articles on how mass automated soldering is done.
"I may be full of crap about this game, and I may be wrong, and that's fine." -Jack Thompson
I love it, a dude who doesn't know what a PCB is trying to explain how they are manufactured. Articles like this constantly lower my opinion of the slashdot crowd...
The last picture is possibly the best... "Nutrition Carrier egg yolk pie"?!? That sounds simultaneously disgusting and wonderful.
I want to sniff then I want sniff this lady's sandaled feet, then lay down under this one's feet and jack off over her soles.
captcha: intimacy
I thought it was common knowledge that motherboard were made in Anduril, Flame of the West, and forged from the shards of Narsil. And there is only one power supply, secretly forged in Mount Doom, to control all others.
I will bend like a reed in the wind.
http://www.extremetech.com/slideshow_viewer/0,1205 ,l=&s=1670&a=209248&po=41,00.asp
"So industrious, those Taiwanese!"
I'm the last person to be cultural coach out there, but I caught a lot of the rich American city person finding it quaint that those little squinty-eyed people did things in such an IMPOVERISED, uneducated (no MBAs), unfamiliar-with-the-hip-joints-in-NYC way. That commentary... I detest the word "racist," (and I know that every one of you ARE racist, even if you think you're not) and I don't think that's what's going on here, but definitely condescending. America isn't the center of the universe, yo.
It's a dying empire that still has some bux to blow!
Anti-Globalism
This made me chuckle-
1. Be more responsible
2. Complain less
3. Be more attentive
4. Make lesser mistakes
Visit http://ringbreak.dnd.utwente.nl/~mrjb/growingbettersoftware to download your free copy of the book
2. Complain less.
Back to the re-education center with you communist.
A horse can't be sick, you know, even if he wants to.
That's a DDR3 board. Also Anandtech has a good article showing the actual assembly a bit better. http://www.anandtech.com/showdoc.aspx?i=2080&p=5
Never underestimate the power of 10 million low-paid Chinese.
"It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
with lots of pictures but no real "meat". This one from 2004 is far superior; They even have pictures of the solder wave machine which this article didn't even include at all. BTW that first machine that the author couldn't name is a solder paste screen printer. The other machine the athor hinted at (the one with the reels) is apparently a bios chip testing station. Really, for such a good site I'm suprised they bothered to type this one up when it's been done so well before... I think Gigabyte does this every year or couple of years as a pretty decent PR op. My advice: RTFA Extremetech's first, then go to the link above for a lot more detail if you're still interested.
There is simply too much glass..
To me this is no surprise whatsoever. I think what would surprise people even more is that a lot of companies in Japan, Europe and the United States still use manual labor. The problem seems to be that when someone mentions manual labor done in Asia people automatically assume people are being exploited. I agree it's a serious issue in China. However, this hasn't been the case in Taiwan for decades now. There are numerous laws in Taiwan protecting workers and they are enforced.
And in my experience they are very industrious workers. I've heard surveys quotes that Americans are among the most productive works in the World. They work hard, but honestly, I don't believe it. Either other nations don't bother doing adequate surveys or American companies inflate productivity. I did also hear another survey that said American workers were complainers, the French and British are worse. I believe that too. Taiwanese are much like the Japanese. There's a job to be done, they get in there and do it. And they do it quickly. They have an excellent work ethic, and take any job they do seriously. It's why you can walk into a Starbucks or McDonalds in Taiwan and the place is spotless and service excellent.
It also helps that managers at technology companies there tend to have engineering backgrounds. Unlike American companies where we get stuck with business and marketing idiots making important decisions. I can't count the times I've had to deal with guys here who don't know what they're talking about and end up making fools of themselves in meetings. Even worse, they don't care to learn because they think it's all beneath them. So they end up managing based on emotion, almost like children.
Not that there aren't problems there. I think Taiwanese in general are underpaid. And there's this ideal there too many people have that once you're in management you basically get to screw around all day. Some managers, especially in office environments, can get verbally abusive with employees. It's the sort of thing that no way in hell would ever fly in the US.
Anyway, I had the opportunity while working there to visit a few companies, and I got to see some cool stuff. Like I said, it's mostly manual labor. I was disappointed when I first saw that; I was hoping to see these giant robotic arms swinging around, going about their business. But it's not the case. It would just be too expensive to purchase and then set up this equipment. And then having to retool for other products would be another hassle.
I also did some work for a company that sold and installed semi-conductor manufacturing equipment. That was one business where companies didn't want employees directly handling the product. So business was good for this company.
Taiwan has two of the largest contract semi-conductor foundries in the world. Now that was impressive. The company I visited a few years ago had just recently completed this new facility in southern Taiwan. This was when companies were first starting to move over to 300mm wafers. So they installed this transport in the ceiling to transport these wafers around from machine to machine. The wafers are carried in this case which is something like 1.5ft all around. It has handles so it could be carried. And people did used to carry them around. But given that a case full of at least 10 wafers can be worth hundreds of thousands if not millions of dollars they decided they didn't want to risk having people drop these. Hence the transport system. In fact, the facility had relatively few people there, most were responsible for ensuring everything was running properly or setting up new equipment. All in all, it was impressive.
Painting robots are getting smarter. I've seen some R&D work where a LIDAR scanner looks at the thing to be painted, the software builds a 3D model, a painting plan is generated, and a robot paints the thing, moving around to get all the surfaces and crevices. You just hang whatever needs to be painted on a conveyor chain going into the paint booth, and the robot does the rest.
We need more technology like that to stop the downward wage spiral.
What you just admitted is that capitalism creates jobs and makes people more wealthy. So wealthy in fact that companies have to move to find cheaper labor. Eventually that means everyone will be rich and able to demand a high wage. Richer people demand more services since they're kids will be better educated they can invest and contribute to a vibrant economy (increased demand and supply capability of cars, housing construction, health care, recreation crap, transportation infrastucture, energy, and mining etc.)
TFA is about a company in Taiwan and Taiwan has about 23 million people.
I fail to see the relevance of a comment about "10 million low-paid Chinese."
...by how much still had to be done by hand. Everything is done by hand in Taiwan.
Why pay for robots when you have an endless supply of poor people willing to work for 1% of the cost of one mother board a week.
God Be Gone
> While sweatshop labor is not something that spoiled westerners find
> particularly comfortable, there is a flip-side to the issue. That
> flip-side is that at least these people are working, and usually at
> least making enough to feed their families.
How horrid it must be for people earning $0.10 a day(!) to find that some Westerners (such as yourself) deem it acceptable to purchase things made by people earning so little for their effort; while those same Westerners would not even get out of bed to pee for less than $9.99 excl tax.
A big, black, mother...board
I'm not repeating myself
I'm an X window user; I'm an ex-Windows user
So, when is this going to be on "How It's Made," one of my favorite TV shows?
Each little capacitor and other widget
Went downhill from there...
"We are all geniuses when we dream"
- E.M. Cioran