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Single Neuron Wired To Muscle Un-Paralyzes Monkeys

GalaticGrub writes "A pair of paralyzed monkeys regained the ability to move their arms after researchers wired individual neurons to the monkeys' arm muscles. A team of researchers at the University of Washington temporarily paralyzed each monkey's arm, then rerouted brain signals from a single neuron in the motor cortex around the blocked nerve pathway via a computer. When the neuron fired above a certain rate, the computer translated the signal into a jolt of electricity to the arm muscle, causing it to contract. The monkeys practiced moving their arms by playing a video game."

180 comments

  1. Sucky job by Hatta · · Score: 5, Funny

    Who's the grad student who had to break those monkeys spines?

    --
    Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
    1. Re:Sucky job by FSWKU · · Score: 4, Funny

      No grad students were involved. They simply told the RIAA that the monkeys were sharing the new Metallica album on all the major P2P networks. The Schutzstaffel...err... RIAA legal team took care of the rest.

      --
      "So after all this, you make my case for me. To end this stalemate, you must die..."
    2. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Who's the grad student who had to break those monkeys spines?

      The most ambitious and dedicated monkey spanker you'll ever meet!

      As an aside, if you do, by chance meet him, don't shake his hand. Postgrads in the Simian Abuse dept. have a hellova grip...

    3. Re:Sucky job by couchslug · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "Who's the grad student who had to break those monkeys spines?"

      The subjects were actually grad students costumed as monkeys.
      Lab monkeys are too valuable to use.

      --
      "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
    4. Re:Sucky job by rockrat · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No one broke the monkeys' spines. The article states that the spinal neurons innervating the wrist muscles were temporarily blocked using a local anesthetic. What's particularly amazing about this study is that the monkeys were able to quickly learn to control their wrists using the cortical neurons that the computer was monitoring, even if those neurons were not involved in control of the wrist before paralysis.

      I'm a friend of the paper's author and am certain that neither the researchers nor any sane review board would have allowed monkeys to be permanently injured to perform this study; it just wouldn't be necessary.

    5. Re:Sucky job by Ihmhi · · Score: 3, Funny

      Oooh ooh ooh I finally get to say it!

      WHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOSH!

    6. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      I used to work in the University of Washington monkey lab.

      The review board actually allowed lots of cruel things happen to monkeys "in the name of science."

    7. Re:Sucky job by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      QUICK! Somebody light this monkey!

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    8. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      Actually, they used members of a Congressional committee tasked with investigating executive branch wrongdoing...

      So, spines weren't an issue.

    9. Re:Sucky job by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      Don't worry about it. They probably just mounted a scratch monkey.

    10. Re:Sucky job by Zaphod+The+42nd · · Score: 1

      Why so serious?

      --
      GCS/MU/P d- s:- a-- C++++$ UL++ P+ L++ E+ W++ N o K- w--- O M+ V- PS+++ PE Y+ PGP t+ 5- X R++ tv+ b++ DI++ D++ G+ e++ h-
    11. Re:Sucky job by naveenoid · · Score: 0

      The subjects were actually grad students costumed as monkeys. Lab monkeys are too valuable to use.

      And this is Modded 'Insightful'?? Scary.

    12. Re:Sucky job by Kashgarinn · · Score: 5, Funny

      "ooh ooh ooh" ?

      - Did one of the monkeys escape and start posting on slashdot?

    13. Re:Sucky job by Big+Nothing · · Score: 1

      What was that? I don't get it. What?

      --
      SIG: TAKE OFF EVERY 'CAPTAIN'!!
    14. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Are you trolling, or do you have any examples and/or evidence to support what you are saying? What kind of cruelty?

    15. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Funny doesn't give mod points... at least I hope thats the reason.

    16. Re:Sucky job by Ihmhi · · Score: 2, Informative

      It was less "oooh oooh" banana and more "ooh ooh" -flails hand wildly- "teacher teacher I know I KNOW!" d:

    17. Re:Sucky job by gstoddart · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Did one of the monkeys escape and start posting on slashdot?

      It's hard to tell in the sea of infinite monkeys that were already here.

      After a while, the monkey all start to blend together and become indistinct. :-P

      Cheers

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    18. Re:Sucky job by MBGMorden · · Score: 1

      *sigh*

      WHOOOSSH!!!

      Sorry lad, it had to be done.

      --
      "People who think they know everything are very annoying to those of us who do."-Mark Twain
    19. Re:Sucky job by remmelt · · Score: 2, Informative

      Wow.

      Second post and you already invoked Godwin's law, and even on a party totally unrelated to the post.

      My hat is off to you.

    20. Re:Sucky job by initdeep · · Score: 2, Funny

      I'd bet that depends on your view of "cruel" now doesn't it.

      PETA would like to thank you for your post.

      so would the CLIT commander.

    21. Re:Sucky job by Metasquares · · Score: 1

      Animal studies tend to involve some cruel but necessary things. For instance, the biologists on my research team are developing a new targeted therapy for a certain type of tumor. But in order to test it out, they needed to order transgenic mice that are genetically engineered to develop this tumor. They treat the mice well, but it doesn't change the fact that the mice are going to go through a lot of suffering and that their sole purpose in life is to become terminally ill.

      I don't like it (and fortunately, as one of the computer scientists on the team, I don't have to deal with it on a regular basis), but I can't see any good alternative. We don't know how safe the therapy is yet.

      It is cruel. But it is a necessary evil against the balance of lives it may save.

    22. Re:Sucky job by EasyT · · Score: 1

      And this is Modded 'Insightful'?? Scary.

      If by "scary" you mean "awesome", I'm in complete agreement. I can only hope this choice receives favorable meta-moderation.

    23. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Moving a whole body, much less a whole arm is much more complicated than just twitching a muscle. However...moving a cursor or turning an avator in online space is a pretty simple process. Computer input could be done using brain cells that you aren't using for anything else. Lots of leftovers in your head. You may as well use them.

    24. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Please thank your friend for doing this research and writing this paper, it gives encouragement to those of us who are praying for a way to help loved ones who are paralyzed.

    25. Re:Sucky job by Knara · · Score: 1

      so would the CLIT commander.

      As does the LABIA movement

    26. Re:Sucky job by supernova_hq · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You've never been a grad student have you?

    27. Re:Sucky job by mattack2 · · Score: 1

      e.g. Arnold Horshack.

    28. Re:Sucky job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      but there are enough of us monkeys typing away, that every once in a while we write Hamlet.

  2. Yes by eclectro · · Score: 4, Funny

    But can you teach them to type??

    --
    Take the cheese to sickbay, the doctor should see it as soon as possible - B'Elanna Torres, "Learning Curve"
    1. Re:Yes by arrenlex · · Score: 5, Funny

      But can you teach them to type??

      Of course; that's how they expect their thesis to be written.

    2. Re:Yes by owlnation · · Score: 5, Insightful

      But can you teach them to type??

      Yes. I offer Wikipedia as proof.

    3. Re:Yes by failedlogic · · Score: 2, Funny

      Since I'm going to be working on my Master's thesis soon methinks paying the university for the monkeys might not be a bad idea. But, I want to finish ASAP. I am willing to pay for a Beowulf-cluster of typing monkeys. And I want a guarantee that the monkeys will not screw-up. I do no want my thesis to be cluster-fucked!

    4. Re:Yes by oliverk · · Score: 2, Funny

      I've heard rumor that a million of them can reproduce the works of Shakespeare. Oh, and fling poo. I almost forgot that part.

      --
      ---- Please be nice in case my Slashdot karma ~= my real life karma.
    5. Re:Yes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      *Yes. I offer Conservapedia as proof.*

      Fixed that for you.

    6. Re:Yes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Screw that! Can you teach them to farm gold on WoW?

    7. Re:Yes by mweather · · Score: 1

      Where do you think sitcoms come from?

    8. Re:Yes by ohtani · · Score: 1

      A million paralyzed monkeys at a million typewriters!

      --
      Pancakes. Oh I blew it.
  3. Better title would be.... by wealthychef · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "Monkeys learn to play video games." I actually think that's more amazing.

    --
    Currently hooked on AMP
    1. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      That gold won't farm itself...

    2. Re:Better title would be.... by Yvan256 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Indeed, while that neuron surgery thing sounds amazing, I was more shocked at the fact that monkeys actually play videogames.

      Then I realized... Are the monkeys smarter than we thought or are we just dumberer than we think we aren't not, now what I meen?

    3. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      I bet they've already learned how to get around DRM.

    4. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Monkeyz is be dum.

    5. Re:Better title would be.... by oGMo · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You haven't played Halo then.

      --

      Don't think of it as a flame---it's more like an argument that does 3d6 fire damage

    6. Re:Better title would be.... by guyminuslife · · Score: 5, Funny

      You were killed by b33st13b0y.
      b33st13b0y: lol pwned
      b33st13b0y: ur mom is ghey
      b33st13b0y: suk it

      I think we've known this for quite some time.

      --
      I don't believe in time. It's a grand conspiracy designed to sell watches.
    7. Re:Better title would be.... by atomicthumbs · · Score: 1

      beestleboy?

      --
      http://pinopsida.com
    8. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Actually, I think it's not that amazing, given the game they were playing:

      "As a test of the rewiring, the researchers had each monkey play a simple video game. By moving its wrist, the monkey could manipulate a cursor on a computer screen. Moving the cursor into a box at the side of the screen earned the monkey a reward."

    9. Re:Better title would be.... by rockrat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Playing video games is the standard way to teach monkeys tasks such as this. After all, we're monkeys and we don't seem to have any trouble plopping down in front of a video game for thousands of hours.

    10. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      1 = i

      (My apologies to anyone that works with complex numbers.)

    11. Re:Better title would be.... by lysergic.acid · · Score: 2, Informative

      we're not monkeys. we're taxonomically classified as apes though (i think).

    12. Re:Better title would be.... by Hooya · · Score: 1

      no one works with complex numbers, for complex numbers don't exist: they're all imaginary.

    13. Re:Better title would be.... by 4D6963 · · Score: 3, Informative

      no one works with complex numbers, for complex numbers don't exist: they're all imaginary.

      Except the part of them that's real...

      --
      You just got troll'd!
    14. Re:Better title would be.... by rdnetto · · Score: 1

      I work with complex numbers, you insensitive clod!

      --
      Most human behaviour can be explained in terms of identity.
    15. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well then, just for a minute, imagine that you don't.

    16. Re:Better title would be.... by Zaphod+The+42nd · · Score: 1

      yeah, because 'real' numbers are more substantial than 'imaginary' ones, lol.

      Besides, unless the complex number is of the form 0+x(i), they've all got a real component.

      --
      GCS/MU/P d- s:- a-- C++++$ UL++ P+ L++ E+ W++ N o K- w--- O M+ V- PS+++ PE Y+ PGP t+ 5- X R++ tv+ b++ DI++ D++ G+ e++ h-
    17. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not really, all real numbers are complex - they are simply a subset where the imaginary part is 0

    18. Re:Better title would be.... by synapsid · · Score: 1

      great apes even

      try and call that your boss :oP

    19. Re:Better title would be.... by thepotoo · · Score: 1
      Nah, they're not dumb at all.

      They're able to communicate with humans using hand signals, able to solve tasks multiple ways, and can even learn behaviors by copying other individuals.

      I read somewhere (but don't quote me on this) that some monkeys have around the same intelligence as a 2-year-old humans.

      I'd say that makes 'em pretty smart, especially if you look at why they do these things: their brains are remarkably similar to ours, except that their cerebral cortex is less developed.

      There you go, monkeys are just like us, only not quite as specialized in language and culture.

      --
      Obligatory Soundbite Catchphrase
    20. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You must be in software. Though it really seems like reals are derived from complex numbers with a 0 imaginary part, I believe it's not the case. Makes sense tho!

    21. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      obviously you've never played counter strike then.

    22. Re:Better title would be.... by SwordsmanLuke · · Score: 1

      Heh, that reminds me of a joke I heard told by a geek comedian.

      My first girlfriend was like the number i - irrational and imaginary.

      --
      Any plan which depends on a fundamental change in human behavior is doomed from the start.
    23. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Really? I heard i had a threesome with me and myself once.

    24. Re:Better title would be.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They exist in the same sense that the set of real numbers exist. Whether or not they represent physical quantities is a more complicated question. A surprisingly large number of real world models are represented by functions of complex variables, and there are a lot of very elegant mathematical properties of the set of complex numbers.

    25. Re:Better title would be.... by mattack2 · · Score: 1

      The "videogame" is moving a rectangle into a rectangular box. It's not like they're playing Psychonauts or Katamari Damacy.

    26. Re:Better title would be.... by wyohman · · Score: 1

      They were playing video games, how smart could they possibly be? Now if you could get one to write software for the FSF, that would be cool.

      Cheers.

  4. hallelujah by ionymous · · Score: 0

    Paralyzed video game playing monkeys are rejoicing the world around.

    1. Re:hallelujah by digitalchinky · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Certainly they may be jumping for joy. Though there is more to it than just wiring an electrode to a muscle before the fat lady can sing again.

      A functional limb without any sense of its location in relation to the body is a problem, one without feeling is also a problem. Did they think about electrodes for everything else the nervous system is responsible for too?

    2. Re:hallelujah by marxmarv · · Score: 3, Funny

      They have their specialization and you have yours.

      --
      /. -- the Free Republic of technology.
    3. Re:hallelujah by prod-you · · Score: 3, Insightful

      As opposed to the mechanical prosthetics that feed information back?

      Now we can reuse stuff that's already built in.

    4. Re:hallelujah by rockrat · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's certainly true that proprioception (the ability to sense joint location) and sensation of muscle tension are useful feedback systems in coordinating limb movements. It's well known in the field (I'm a neuroscientist), however, that several neurological conditions rob patients of these sensations and they're still able to move their limbs effectively (though not perfectly). I'd guess that a patient who was paralyzed wouldn't mind being able to move their arms again, even if they couldn't feel where they were without looking.

    5. Re:hallelujah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe depends on the limb, but my experience is that after long uncomfortable floor sitting causing my leg to "fall asleep" is terrible.

      All I feel is a cold tingle for a while, without the comfortable measure of how expanded or contracted my legs are around the knee, and even pushing myself up to walk feels like a peg leg is keeping me on my feet... weirder still is hearing your sleeping foot hit the floor hard without feeling the appropriate sensorial feedback from your soles while you're trying to walk the thing off.

    6. Re:hallelujah by g-san · · Score: 1

      Hmmmm... that would also mean there needs to be two way communication, not just from the motor cortex to the muscle but nerves and paths back for the feedback. I am going to guess that the former is much easier than the latter.

    7. Re:hallelujah by gregbot9000 · · Score: 1

      DUDE, I'd totally give up all of the feeling in my hands for robotic claws. Hell I'd give up all feeling for a robot Chassis. In fact giving up all feeling is a plus. Who needs to feel when you hug your loved ones when you could have the option of not feeling as you crush city hall?

    8. Re:hallelujah by gamanimatron · · Score: 3, Informative

      I wouldn't be too sure. This is just the latest in a long string of research findings that point toward an astounding degree of neural plasticity in adults. At this point, if I had to guess, I'd say that wiring one sensory nerve from the general area back to a single neuron would end up restoring a noticeable degree of "feeling".

      'Cause you know, neurons that fire together wire together.

      --
      cogito ergo dubito
    9. Re:hallelujah by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      You've never had a blow job, have you?

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    10. Re:hallelujah by zehaeva · · Score: 1

      this slashdot after all

    11. Re:hallelujah by powerlinekid · · Score: 1

      You find it terrible because you know what your leg is supposed to feel like. The point your parent poster was making is that there are people who do not know what their leg feels like in normal conditions. This of course being due to the fact that their leg doesn't work in normal conditions.

      The fact that you even relate the two is asinine.

      --

      can't sleep slashdot will eat me
    12. Re:hallelujah by gregbot9000 · · Score: 1

      Call me sadistic, but the best lay I've ever had wouldn't touch walking right through white house security as the bullets bounce off me. And when I garb Bush with my metal claws he won't break free. Because I'll be made of metal. And robots are strong.

    13. Re:hallelujah by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      And Dick Cheney becomes president. Not only are you a nut, but you aren't even a smart nut.

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
  5. oblig by owlnation · · Score: 0

    In Washington, monkey punches you.

    1. Re:oblig by chord.wav · · Score: 1

      They can make the monkey punch himself, that would be funny as hell.

  6. Ob. by Facetious · · Score: 5, Funny

    It was the best of times, it was the blurst of times. Blurst of times! Stupid monkey!

    --
    Let us not become the evil that we deplore.
    1. Re:Ob. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Stupid monkey! This is Dickens not Shakespeare!"

  7. Teach them to make some shoes by Capn_Snazzy · · Score: 0

    Why not hook the monkey brain right up to a robot arm and let them play the game, assemble Nike shoes. Robot arms wouldn't wear out as quickly as monkey arms.

    1. Re:Teach them to make some shoes by gstoddart · · Score: 1

      Why not hook the monkey brain right up to a robot arm and let them play the game, assemble Nike shoes. Robot arms wouldn't wear out as quickly as monkey arms.

      Yeah, but do you want a tireless monkey/robot arm capable of launching poo vast distances? My god man, the horror. :-P

      Talk about your Weapons of Mass Defecation!!

      Cheers

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    2. Re:Teach them to make some shoes by Capn_Snazzy · · Score: 0

      Why not hook the monkey brain right up to a robot arm and let them play the game, assemble Nike shoes. Robot arms wouldn't wear out as quickly as monkey arms.

      Yeah, but do you want a tireless monkey/robot arm capable of launching poo vast distances? My god man, the horror. :-P

      Talk about your Weapons of Mass Defecation!!

      It would sure keep those darn kids off of my lawn. Add a couple dogs to provide the ammo and it's like it's own eco system / fertilizer.

    3. Re:Teach them to make some shoes by gstoddart · · Score: 1

      It would sure keep those darn kids off of my lawn. Add a couple dogs to provide the ammo and it's like it's own eco system / fertilizer.

      Wow.

      Motion tracking, monkey-brain driven, automated excrement flinging, lawn fertilizing, and home security device. Is that patentable??

      That's the funniest thing I've heard all week! :-P

      Cheers

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  8. Amazing by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 5, Funny

    Amazing! This is truly a wonderful time to be a monkey.

    --
    Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
  9. Well, I just hope by /dev/zero · · Score: 2, Funny

    they mounted a scratch monkey first.

    --

    He that breaks a thing to find out what it is has left the path of wisdom.
    -- J.R.R. Tolkien
    1. Re:Well, I just hope by FishWithAHammer · · Score: 1

      Entirely predictable and yet still laugh-out-loud funny. Well played, sir.

      --
      "You can either have software quality or you can have pointer arithmetic, but you cannot have both at the same time."
    2. Re:Well, I just hope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't that how AIDS got started?

  10. oo oo oo oooo snort by circletimessquare · · Score: 0, Redundant

    oo oo aa aaa aaaaa

    snort

    oo ooooo

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:oo oo oo oooo snort by Joe+Tie. · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Odd note, but monkeys seem to have a preference for holding down the s key on american keyboard layouts.

      --
      Everything will be taken away from you.
    2. Re:oo oo oo oooo snort by mrdarreng · · Score: 3, Funny

      Odd note, but monkeys seem to have a preference for holding down the s key on american keyboard layouts.

      Apparently, grad students will write a thesis about anything...

    3. Re:oo oo oo oooo snort by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Odd note, but monkeys seem to have a preference for holding down the s key on american keyboard layouts.

      Sssssssssssure.

    4. Re:oo oo oo oooo snort by Jedi+Alec · · Score: 1

      So they like to run backwards while firing in an FPS? Makes sense to me :)

      --

      People replying to my sig annoy me. That's why I change it all the time.
    5. Re:oo oo oo oooo snort by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not President Busssssssssssssssssssssssh!

  11. Correlation != Causation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    The researchers who published this should have 'Correlation is not causation' written in giant billboards in front of their houses.

    Just 2 monkeys regained movement after the experiment does not mean that rerouting brain signals past blocked nerve pathways using a single neuron controlled by a computer did anything at all. They should have waited until they had ruled out other possibilities, like divine intervention, before publishing results. For shame!

    1. Re:Correlation != Causation by Cassius+Corodes · · Score: 0

      RTFP

      --
      Control is an illusion, order our comforting lie. From chaos, through chaos, into chaos we fly
    2. Re:Correlation != Causation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If Divine intervention had occured no media organisation in their right mind would have got their reporter monkeys to publish the results. It would have revealed that monkeys were His children. . . *singing* . . . Let My Peeeeoooople Goooooo!

  12. Seems ripe for exploitation by durnurd · · Score: 5, Funny

    Also, he adds, the system would ideally be fully implantable. Whenever wires protrude through the skin, as they did in the monkey experiments, they introduce risks of infection and disruption. The group plans to tackle this problem with miniaturized components and wireless technology.

    Seems ripe for exploitation...
    "...Quit hitting yourself! Quit hitting yourself..."

    --
    --Edward Dassmesser
    1. Re:Seems ripe for exploitation by TWX · · Score: 1

      I'd be more worried about hostage situations where people with such a system are held hostage by making their own limbs hold the dead-man switch while the perps get away...

      --
      Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
    2. Re:Seems ripe for exploitation by Ihmhi · · Score: 1

      Wireless technology? I hope they have something better than WEP.

      Then again, we could set up some pretty cool programs. How about every time someone types "Frosty Piss" they slap themselves.

  13. Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by CrazyJim1 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Can a human control a monkey arm?
    If so, can we control its entire body?
    If so, can we do it remotely, through a wire to a cell phone.
    If so, how long until someone decides to use monkeys as freedom fighters?
    Yes, science should never go down this path, but hey, it is still possible to look down the paths

    1. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I hope you're not serious. It would be far easier and quicker to use robots or human suicide-bombers or just about anything else, really.

    2. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by FooGoo · · Score: 3, Funny

      I've always wanted to create an army of monkeys bent on global domination and I am sure I am not the only one.

      --
      People who bite the hand that feeds them usually lick the boot that kicks them
    3. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Ethanol-fueled · · Score: 1

      If so, how long until someone decides to use monkeys as freedom fighters?

      Lawnmower Man.

    4. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Harmonious+Botch · · Score: 2, Funny

      I hope you're not serious. It would be far easier and quicker to use robots or human suicide-bombers or just about anything else, really.

      Yeah, but watching monkeys blow themselves up would be way more fun.

    5. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by DriedClexler · · Score: 1

      People will probably laugh at the idea, but ... once we have bionic enhancements superior to what evolution came up with, it will probably be cheaper to raise monkeys and fit them with the enhancements and dump them loose on the enemy, than to hire human soldiers. Remember, humans will require more and more to put their lives on the line, while monkeys and manufacturing will just get cheaper...

      --
      Information theory is life. The rest is just the KL divergence.
    6. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Can a human control a monkey arm?
      If so, can we control its entire body?
      If so, can we do it remotely, through a wire to a cell phone.
      If so, how long until someone decides to use monkeys as freedom fighters?
      Yes, science should never go down this path, but hey, it is still possible to look down the paths

      Well that would explain George Bush...

    7. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Better.Safe.Than.Sor · · Score: 2, Funny

      ... army of FLYING monkeys, you insensitive clod!

      --
      It's all history, man. -anon
    8. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by 4D6963 · · Score: 1

      Why bother with a monkey though. The main desirable thing about a monkey is its brain, so if you're only interested in the body.. you might as well use something more powerful, like a tiger, or a shark.. and possibly mount a weapon on them...

      Is it me or do I smell a meme somewhere nearby?

      --
      You just got troll'd!
    9. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by infinitelink · · Score: 0

      I for one welcome our new remotely controlled monkey-army overlords..and controller.

      --
      Intelligent idiots are we. | Evil men do not understand justice.
    10. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by naveenoid · · Score: 0

      I've always wanted to create an army of monkeys bent on global domination and I am sure I am not the only one.

      OTOH, we Do have a monkey in the White House bent on global domination using an Army!

    11. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The monkeys definitely need the ability to fly. Wings or jetpacks - either way, we're not in Kansas anymore.

    12. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by meringuoid · · Score: 1
      Why bother with a monkey though. The main desirable thing about a monkey is its brain, so if you're only interested in the body.. you might as well use something more powerful, like a tiger, or a shark.. and possibly mount a weapon on them...

      Monkeys can be dangerous. The famous fighting monkey Jacco Macacco, for instance, was notorious for killing dogs by jumping onto their necks and biting out their throats.

      --
      Real Daleks don't climb stairs - they level the building.
    13. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      bear cavalry, penguin army, sharks with friggin laser beams, rocket powered raptors with scissors?

    14. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      for some reason I think of this

      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wimPmoT7XoU

    15. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 1

      Your premise would explain why a monkey got to be president. Perhaps Karl Rove is still running things after all!

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
    16. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by kungfugleek · · Score: 2, Funny

      The nice thing about monkey armies is they make their own ammo.

    17. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by PitaBred · · Score: 1

      It is

    18. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wizard of Oz.

    19. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Do they have laser beams attached to thier heads?

      In my dreams they do.

    20. Re:Sooo... What if they connected a human's brain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Monkeys. Monkeys with frickin' lasers on their heads!!!!

  14. Shock the Monkey by afxgrin · · Score: 5, Funny

    Whoever tagged this article "shockthemonkey" is awesome.

  15. please please please by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    route the video game to another monkey

  16. George Bush? by Own3d-You · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This article explains everything.

  17. Cool research by Kratisto · · Score: 0

    But can they play Crysis?

    --
    Conscience is the inner voice which warns us that someone may be looking.
  18. where's the video by heroine · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Where's the video of the mokeys playing video games with the bionic nerves?

    1. Re:where's the video by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where's the video of the mokeys playing video games with the bionic nerves?

      Did you ever imagine you would type those words?

  19. WoW by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    That explains those WoW players flinging poop at me.

  20. humansdumb by the_Bionic_lemming · · Score: 1

    This really bodes bad for humans and Gaming.

    I mean really, a chimp can play anything ea games puts out with a fricking brain block in place...

    Oh the shame.... //starts flinging excrement on c&c 3 games

    --
    _ _ _ Go for the eyes Boo! GO FOR THE EYES!
  21. Random is powerful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "[...] Even though the rewired brain cell was chosen at random, the monkeys quickly learned to move their paralyzed wrists. [...]"

    THAT'S the power of random decisions. when you don't know how to do something, you try it randomly. That's the kind of things that programming teachers don't seem to understand; you never think deeply about the exit condition of a loop; you simply choose it randomly and then you test it. Rationale will be unveiled some time after.

    1. Re:Random is powerful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...and then the people like me weren't sure whether to (1) thank the people like you for the 114% on their last project or (2) be annoyed that they couldn't transfer about 19% from that score to their American History I midterm.

  22. sweet!! by X0563511 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Am I the only one who's more interested in the medical significance of this, instead of the silly aspect of monkey-gaming? Holy crap guys, use your brains.

    This means that we have the potential to repair neural damage, potentially severe damage as well!

    I see particular use with pacemakers. Rather than just pulse the heart at a given frequency, read what the brain wants the heart to do, and do that! You could do the same thing for the lungs as well, although I'm not sure how often someone who damages that nerve makes it to the hospital in time.

    Other use could be with amputation victims. Helping restore function to reattached appendages/digits, or controlling prosthesis...

    I wonder if, further down the line, it would be possible to do this to sensory nerves as well, not just motor control/response...

    --
    For large sets, this will be our guide even unto death, for the LORD will work for each type of data it is applied to...
    1. Re:sweet!! by Better.Safe.Than.Sor · · Score: 1

      Yes, hmm, I quite agree with your first point . . . and, uh . . . MONKEYS!!!

      --
      It's all history, man. -anon
    2. Re:sweet!! by jmorris42 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      > This means that we have the potential to repair neural damage, potentially severe damage as well!

      And paraplegics will get to walk again.... no stem cells required. Ok, that is an offtopic troll, but it just needed sayin.

      If this story turns out to be the real deal it is going to be major world changing stuff. Imagine the possibilities! Implant a few sensors or better yet refine our ability to pick up on these signals without poking wires into brains and remotely control all sorts of things.

      --
      Democrat delenda est
    3. Re:sweet!! by Bazouel · · Score: 1

      If I am not mistaken, I remember reading that certain muscles, cardiovascular in particular, do not need to be controlled directly by the brain or even the spine. They contract at a regular interval on their own.

      --
      Intelligence shared is intelligence squared.
    4. Re:sweet!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And as a refinement of the application after we learn to deal with prosthetic limbs, we can start restoring movement of partial facial paralysis victims.

      After all, Rambo's mouth needs some fixing... it's not just some good acting behind that sagging lip there. ;)

      Something benign and temporary like Bell's Palsy hits 50,000 people in North America each year, and not everyone recovers 100% movement to the affected side of the face. Knowing that you're too old to have high chances of good recovery would be easier if an alternative fix existed.

    5. Re:sweet!! by jamesh · · Score: 1

      Holy crap guys, use your brains.

      I don't need to. I can wire in a monkey brain and use it instead. People who know me might suggest that this has already happened.

      medical significance of this, silly aspect of monkey-gaming

      The medical uses will be great, but the technology will be funded and advanced by MMORG companies who, finally realizing that their AI sucks, will move on to using monkey brains in jars.

    6. Re:sweet!! by quadrox · · Score: 1

      My father is a doctor and has explained this to me. As far as I remember, the brain may set the actual rate of heartbeat, but it does not control each individual heartbeat. Or perhaps the brain isn't involved at all and the rate is based on some hormonal or similar mechanisms. Nevertheless, he was quite clear on the matter that the heart is not micromanaged by the brain.

    7. Re:sweet!! by Big+Nothing · · Score: 1

      Yes, yes, save the world and help the poor blah blah - that's old news, we hear that all day long. But this is news! We're talking PRO GAMER MONKEYS here!!!

      --
      SIG: TAKE OFF EVERY 'CAPTAIN'!!
    8. Re:sweet!! by DavidV · · Score: 1

      Other use could be with amputation victims. Helping restore function to reattached appendages/digits, or controlling prosthesis...

      I am missing my left hand, I'm glad to see the necessary advances are being made for my planned weapon hanging off where my hand once was. Gattling gun, chainsaw, shotgun, nunchucks etc all interchangeable depending on the days expected combat.

      --
      !sig
    9. Re:sweet!! by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      I see particular use with pacemakers. Rather than just pulse the heart at a given frequency, read what the brain wants the heart to do, and do that!

      Err ... that's not how the heart works. The heart contains its own pacemaker, which can be influenced by to autonomous nervous system and hormones, but even in the absence of such will make the heart beat.

      Also, modern pacemakers can actually sense the activity level and regulate their frequency accordingly.

      You could do the same thing for the lungs as well, although I'm not sure how often someone who damages that nerve makes it to the hospital in time.

      That's a possibility, but to do that the technology would have to be mature enough to have lives depending on it, literally.

      And yes, victims of such injuries do make it to the hospital in time. Right now, that means that they're dependent on a ventilator for the rest of their lives.

      Other use could be with amputation victims. Helping restore function to reattached appendages/digits, or controlling prosthesis...

      If at all possible, you want the body to rewire reattached limbs itself, so they function correctly. And you don't just need motor control, you also need sensitivity, else the limb isn't that useful.

      Prosthesis control is a good point, though.

    10. Re:sweet!! by X0563511 · · Score: 1

      Thanks for correcting my understanding of the heart's pacemaker.

      Hopefully the diaphragm is able to be connected like this, I believe it would as it behaves as a skeletal muscle? (and what is that darn nerve called?)

      As far as sensory information goes, I could see this being used for that, if not perfect it would be better than no sensations. The fun part about those is that, while binary signals may work for them, I would really prefer no sensation to the choice of "OK" and "OMG MY HAND IS ON FIRE" with no gradient between.

      I don't really know what I'm talking about though, so I likely don't understand how this works beyond a basic level.

      --
      For large sets, this will be our guide even unto death, for the LORD will work for each type of data it is applied to...
    11. Re:sweet!! by rhiorg · · Score: 1

      Monkey neurons is srs bizniss.

      I srs.

    12. Re:sweet!! by Ihlosi · · Score: 2, Informative

      Hopefully the diaphragm is able to be connected like this, I believe it would as it behaves as a skeletal muscle?

      Yes, it does. However, the question is whether you can get the respiratory center of the brain to recognize the "bypass" - else you could breathe voluntarily, but would stop as soon as you stop thinking about it (or fall asleep, for example).

      The fun part about those is that, while binary signals may work for them, I would really prefer no sensation to the choice of "OK" and "OMG MY HAND IS ON FIRE" with no gradient between.

      Nerves also deal in binary information only, as far as the value is concerned - the intensity of the sensation is encoded in the frequency of the pulses. For low intensity, the nerve only fires once in a while, for higher intensities the frequency can go up all the way to the inverse of the refractory period (the time the nerve needs to "reset" after a pulse).

    13. Re:sweet!! by Kulfaangaren! · · Score: 1

      I'm sure the significance of this can not be missed by anyone, however just like boys will be boys...Slashdoters will be Slashdoters and make comedy about the most serious topics. Re: "I wonder if, further down the line..." Check out Kevin Warwick's (Reading University, UK) work @ http://www.kevinwarwick.com/ He and his wife apparently was able to transfer sensory information from one person to the other in his Cyborg 2.0 experiment.

    14. Re:sweet!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      To use this technology to control a pacemaker, you'd first have to be able to sense "what the brain wanted the heart to do," as you put it. The pacing of the SA node is not controlled by a single neuron, it's controlled by a huge mess of nerves, notably parasympathetic fibers from the Vagus and sympathetic fibers from T1-T4 spinal nerves. If you can create a wetware interface to figure out the precise information being conveyed by nerves that are connected to hundreds of millions of neurons, you should probably publish that, because as far as I know nobody's done it yet.

    15. Re:sweet!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, these ideas have been out there for a long, long time. We've even had some experiments proving this is possible since the 70's- but only in the last decade have the researchers been able to get funding to proceed.
      It just sounds too 'sci-fi' for most investors to take seriously, which is really too bad- we could have had this technology 20 years ago in common medical use.

      Or to put it another way, if anybody with the money to back such research had any foresight, Christopher Reeves would have walked on his own, and Stephen Hawking wouldn't be in a wheelchair anymore.

    16. Re:sweet!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Successfully using a paralyzed arm and hand, or even just moving the limb, arguably requires much more than controlling a single degree of freedom. These researchers have shown that, after an average training time of 66 minutes, the monkey learned graduated force control in a single dimension in response to firing rate of a single brain cell. This is, unfortunately, a long way from coordinated graduated force control of, say, a dozen muscles simultaneously.

      Another approach to the same problem is to decode the brain's normal, functional motor control signals and use those to control a limb (either a paralyzed limb through muscle stimulation, or a prosthetic limb). Here the decoding challenge is large, but it is possible to predict complex arm movements from recordings of 50-100 neurons.

      A major challenge in all such approaches is being able to "hold onto" any particular neuron for a long period of time. Typically the electrical signal from a single neuron can be tracked for at most a few days. Thus, a successful approach likely will need to incorporate signals from many neurons simultaneously, so that the gradual loss of individual signals does not drastically affect the overal output signal of the system (the limb movement).

      In chronic brain implants, furthermore, the recording quality is reduced over time, and often the signals degrade to the point of being unusable after a matter of, at most, a few months.

      Areas requiring improvements in order to make this a reality:
      - long-term chronic recording devices (implants), likely from the motor cortex, likely with >100 electrodes, with little or no degradation of the recording quality over time
      - for paralyzed patients: long-term chronic muscle-stimulation devices that do not induce premature muscle fatigue
      - for amputees: a light-weight prosthetic limb with multiple degrees of freedom (DEKA research / Dean Kamen seems to be working on this)
      - light-weight computer to process the recording input and generate the output control signals, and control software that is capable of adapting to changes in input patterns over time

  23. Re:Cue the activists... by X0563511 · · Score: 1

    Right, because permanent damage was done to the monkeys.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular-blocking_drugs

    Trolly troll-troll!

    --
    For large sets, this will be our guide even unto death, for the LORD will work for each type of data it is applied to...
  24. Dear God, free us from religion... by Somegeek · · Score: 3, Funny

    That site is real, isn't it? For the first few minutes of reading I convinced myself that it was just a funny hoax site, but the deeper I went into it the more scared I became...

    Would it be irony if I prayed to God to free us from religion? I still don't have that whole irony thing down yet.

    --
    And as you tread the halls of sanity, You feel so glad to be, Unable to go beyond. I have a message, From another time..
    1. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by g-san · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This is irony:

      God, please protect me from your followers.

    2. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by Zaphod+The+42nd · · Score: 2, Interesting

      God is actually powered by Irony. And heaven is a place only for those who don't believe in it.
      (okay, that genius idea was totally Dresden Codak's, credit where credit is due.)

      --
      GCS/MU/P d- s:- a-- C++++$ UL++ P+ L++ E+ W++ N o K- w--- O M+ V- PS+++ PE Y+ PGP t+ 5- X R++ tv+ b++ DI++ D++ G+ e++ h-
    3. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by Fred_A · · Score: 1

      That site is real, isn't it? For the first few minutes of reading I convinced myself that it was just a funny hoax site, but the deeper I went into it the more scared I became...

      Don't underestimate the creativity of our US friends. Some of their hoaxes are so intricate that they sometimes turn into new cults. There was such a backfire in the 19th century that still makes waves in the NW US.

      Regarding the aformentionned site (which I didn't know and caused many a facepalm as I browsed it), I think this bit sums it up best :

      The Bible is a collection of short books recording the history of the world, the Jewish people, the life of Jesus, and the early Christian Church. Creationists hold a number of views regarding the Reliability of the Bible, ranging from strict inerrancy to substantive accuracy. However, all creationists agree that the Bible is history, not mythology or allegory, because the text itself is so obviously historical in style and content.

      (emphasis mine)

      Nice to know there's at least one source everybody agrees upon. I tend find the Mahabarata (sorry no conservapedia page ;) ) more entertaining as far as recordings of early "facts" go, but to each his own...

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
    4. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't underestimate the creativity of our US friends. Some of their hoaxes are so intricate that they sometimes turn into new cults. There was such a backfire in the 19th century that still makes waves in the NW US.

      And one in the 20'th century too. At least this one is based on SCIENCE! (It must be because science is in it's name.)

    5. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by zip_000 · · Score: 1

      Just looking at the main page of Conservapedia is infuriating: conflating Hitler, Darwin, and Dawkins; Ayers actually wrote "Dreams of my Father" for Obama, "Homosexual Porn Baron Funds Obama Campaign" !!!

      Wow. I'd love to see a student turn in a paper with this site on their work cited.

    6. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by kungfugleek · · Score: 1

      That's not irony. That's my reality.

    7. Re:Dear God, free us from religion... by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

      Obligatory adage:
      God is great, it's just his ground staff that sucks.

  25. Next on Slashdot. by SeNtM · · Score: 0
    In a separate but related study:

    Researchers discover that previously paralysed monkeys which play more than 200 consecutive hours of GTA-IV have a greater propensity for violence, instigating one-on-one attacks with one-another using blunt objects. In this amazing display of self-realization, the monkeys we able to determine that successive blows to the back with an aluminium baseball-bat would do little damage. One monkey was quoted as saying (in American Sign-Language, of course), "Hey what's the worst that could happen, I wake up tomorrow and I can't walk? The jerk in the lab-coat that snapped my spine already and destroyed all feeling I have below my neck. I can't get any pleasure out of my favorite past-time activity, you know, spanking the monkey..."

    Researchers we also amazed that monkeys could sign ellipses with no comprehension of punctuation. A working theory is that the lack of the desire to masturbate has driven the monkey's brain to develop at an accelerated rate. And while frequent masturbation may not make you go blind, it might make you as dumb as a monkey.

    On a side-note, I found this secondary article very, if not more, enlightening. It makes me wonder how smart I would get if I jerked it less...

    --
    "There ought to be limits to freedom." -George W. Bush
  26. Spanking the human... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sorry... it just occurred to me as another arm-motion-practice activity which would come naturally to any monkey.

  27. Stop martyrising monkeys !!! by yvesdandoy · · Score: 0

    leave these poor animals live their live in the forests and stop martyrising them like this !!!

  28. Sarcastic thanks for all the details! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If this is true, then I suppose it could be because monkies are very afraid of snakes, and the 's' character looks like a snake on keyboard and screen. Notice people make a hissing noise when they say the letter!

    The slashdot blurb amused me, because I think the fact monkies played computer games is just as interesting and important as the neuron work (although not novel, I believe). For example, the religulous right in America is extremely dangerous and their ignorance of the universe and humanity is challenged by our (painfully slow) discoveries about animal intelligence.

  29. On to next text... by Joolz50 · · Score: 1

    Next up, getting them to dance. Dance monkey boy, dance...

  30. Cyborg monkeys! by jonadab · · Score: 1

    > the computer translated the signal into a jolt of electricity to the arm muscle

    Ah, so these are actually *cyborg* monkeys now.

    --
    Cut that out, or I will ship you to Norilsk in a box.
  31. So, that's who beat me! by incognito84 · · Score: 2, Funny

    I just got my ass handed to me by "1337_bananaz" in Counter-Strike. Looks like we have our culprit right here.

  32. Skeptical... Sure, but what game did they play?? by JMB1984 · · Score: 1

    Right, this is great and all, but what game did they play to show off these skills?? If it was spore, they probably spent less time "practicing moving their arms" and more time "on phone with EA support"/"in line at store refunds counter"... c'mon, lets report on the *facts* here slashdot!

  33. whatcouldpossiblygowrong by Cigarra · · Score: 1

    Well I for one welcome our new Single Neuron Simian Overlords

    --
    I don't have a sig.
  34. Monkey's were not paralyzed... by mario_grgic · · Score: 1

    They were made paralyzed by "scientists" aka torturers/mutilators. That's an important distinction.

    It really amazes me that we still allow this kind of "research" on sentient beings, who are well aware of themselves and their surroundings.

    --
    As the island of our knowledge grows, so does the shore of our ignorance.
    1. Re:Monkey's were not paralyzed... by Knara · · Score: 1

      See here. Monkeys will only get cheaper :D

      Besides, trolly-troll, they were only temporarily paralyzed ( for example as mentioned here. )

      Now, back to your hole.

    2. Re:Monkey's were not paralyzed... by scrod98 · · Score: 1

      Animal welfare is controlled by federal law in the U.S. as well as institutional review boards. Pain controls (including Analgesics) are regularly used during procedures. A stressed-out monkey is a poor subject. I think you would be surprised how much most people in the research field care for animals. But lots of advances would never be made without the use of animal models.

      --
      LETS DECOMPOSE & ENJOY ASSEMBLING
    3. Re:Monkey's were not paralyzed... by mario_grgic · · Score: 1

      Ok, then, would you like those experiments done one you? If you think monkeys don't care if experiments are done on them you are sadly mistaken.

      It always amazes me how disassociated and disconnected from life some of the dwellers here are. Sociopathic if you ask me.

      --
      As the island of our knowledge grows, so does the shore of our ignorance.
    4. Re:Monkey's were not paralyzed... by Knara · · Score: 1

      There's advantages to being able to have your rational mind override your emotional mind.

  35. What's wrong with this picture? by Kazoo+the+Clown · · Score: 1

    Somehow I have a hard time believing that a monkey who's trying to figure out why he's half-paralyzed would be even remotely interested in "playing video games."

    This seems to me to be an experiment that's pushing the bounds of ethics.

    A friend of mine happened to work in the Primate dept. at Santa Cruz in the 1960s when they inherited the Harry Harlow rhesus monkeys used in the famous 1950s isolation experiments. They were totally psychologically screwed up for as long as they lived. While I'm not an animal rights extremist, the sort of experiment described in the OP makes me uncomfortable. If humans were involved in such an experiment, they'd be able to know what was happening to them. But monkeys being "temporarily paralyzed," while it may not harm them physically, seems likely to have some psychological effects that I think could justifiably be called cruel.

  36. Re:Oblig. by badkarmadayaccount · · Score: 1

    Cluster fsck? Dude, just wait for luster to port over to a ZFS backend. Then, no more fsck EVER! I love Sun Microsystems! I am the Lizard King!

    --
    I know tobacco is bad for you, so I smoke weed with crack.