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Brazilian Pirates Hijack US Military Satellites
blantonl writes "Brazilians all over the country are using modified amateur radio equipment to communicate with each other using US Military communications satellites — effectively creating their own CB radio network on the backs of the US Military. Recent efforts to crack down have resulted in arrests of some of the users, however the behavior still continues today."
That's a lot of pirates.
I find it astounding that we don't have any real security in place to stop this. I mean how can the "most powerful" military in the world not stop Brazilian pirates from abusing our hardware. Russia or China maybe. But Brazil? And not an organized military either. Pirates.
It sounds like the feds have 2 good options:
1) Shut down this capability. This may involve shutting down the birds.
2) Find a way to charge for it
Oh, and maybe a 3rd:
3) Replace the satellites with something secure and sell the birds to someone else and let them worry about it.
Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
What exactly are the "pirates" pirating? Does mere communications count as "piracy" now?
Until then, the military is still using aging FLTSAT and UFO satellites -- and so are a lot of Brazilians. While the technology on the transponders still dates from the 1970s, radio sets back on Earth have only improved and plummeted in cost -- opening a cheap, efficient and illegal backdoor.
It kind of reminds me of video game consoles. With the advent of computers, it became possible to emulate things like the NES and SNES on your computer as those consoles became outdated and your CPU could easily emulate the chipset in those devices. With the Dreamcast, it seemed like they still hadn't learned their lesson as there was little to no-copy-protection on the media that contained the game. It was only a matter of time before hardware caught up and Dreamcast emulators were available.
Systems like the PS3 and Xbox360 have learned from this but it is arguable that soon (if not already) that will be cracked and emulated. The military should take note of this battle as now that communication with satellites has become cheap, they are facing the same cat and mouse game. So they have two options: either attempt to crush it politically (like Brazil's Operation Satellite) or live with it and prepare mitigation plans.
Some might argue that if you give anyone enough time with something, human curiosity and boredom prevails against the highest standards.
My work here is dung.
It'd be interesting to see how they did it, I'd love to be able to try it out, except i suspect that all I might hear would be Portuguese and the sound of black helicopters swooping in...
Is it sad that I am more likely to recognize you and your posts by your sig than your name or UID?
You thought Brazillians were annoying on IRC. This has got to be worse.
read up, whoever tagged this story with "!pirates"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_radio
piracy has widespread meanings, from the somali crazies type pirates to software/music/movie/etc. pirates to pirate radio communication.
just like hacker vs cracker, that battle was 'lost' many decades ago, probably before you were even born.
I remember when those birds used to pickup terrestrial FM stations. You could listen to the downlink 'in the clear.' This use of military satellites goes back to, at least, 1978.
Toil is Stupid. Don't be Stupid.
Bad geek! It's called Pirate radio, and it's been around longer than the Pirate bay!
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
a lot of channels are open to everyone and not encrypted due to the need for the ability for ships in trouble to call for help over an open channel
these are just your regular frequencies and not anything special. for the encrypted channels you need the key to communicate.
You really can hear rare birds in the rainforest!
With defense appropriated funds accounting for a large chunk of the USA's annual budget, you'd think they could use something newer than 1970's era technology for long range com...wouldn't the time/money/resources spent on busting the "pirates" be better spent on a new (secure) system?
thousands of Brazilians
Trazilians, you mean, surely.
Costs a buck an ear!
HAHAHAHAHAH
I kill me.
If telephones are outlawed, then only outlaws will have telephones.
...would be to give the crews of these satellites some weapons to fend off the pirates.
These are old "bent pipe" FLTSATCOM birds from the 1980s. The transponder tech dates to the 1970s. It's all going to be superseded by the Mobile User Objective System very soon now, so it might even be a good idea to just sell Brazil the old system. Well, assuming the GEO slots aren't needed.
Yes, they are Brazilian. They have full waxing.. including their peg-legs.
Ninjas don't leave evidence nor any other trace , kinda part of being a ninja. See if a Ninja hijacked a ship they'd also erase all traces of its existence; yes they are very thorough. Then after they were done with that they'd whip out an electric guitar and rock hard. (all my assumptions are based of 80's Ninja movies)
This makes me want to run out and buy some new HAM gear so I can talk for free to Brazilian bikini models! "Tu amore!"
I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
How old is the FleetSat platform they are hacking? Some of these birds have been up there a long, long time. Like way before commonly available electronics allowed any jose hacker to reach a satellite. Something to consider before bashing the Navy about an unsecure link. As an ex-AF guy, I can tell you that that last allowable pounds put on a MEO or HEO satellite are station keeping propellant. Just look at the mars rovers to see how long many space craft outlast their design lives.
Invenio via vel creo
NASA budget: $17.2 billion - DoD budget: $515.4 billion - nuff said...
. . . until the US Navy SEALs parachute into your backyard.
Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
America, FUCK YEAH!!
So now pirate is going to be used for anyone using something for nothing?
So now "prostitute" is going to be used for anyone selling sex?
So now "pilot" is going to be used for anyone flying a plane?
Uh, hate to break it to you, but sometimes the right word is used properly. But if you prefer, we could always call them "hackers" and really stir up the geek shit pot...
There's absolutely NO WAY that ANYONE can hack into a US Government satellite or computer system.
It's like Colbert says, the bible is true because the bible says it's true.. what part of that logic do you not understand???
--thrill
Asides from the fact that these operators were way outside their respective allowed band, they did no harm as these satellites aren't even used anymore by the US-Navy (for whom they were built). They should repurpose them for civilian use if possible - which would be cool as they are geo stationary.
Kilorazilions.
60 Megarazilions can't be French cliches.
Adherence to the truth is a form of disloyalty.
Well, that's a clever way to build up your comunication enterprise and shouldn't be illegal if the US leave the channel open soo why not use it???
What I want to know is, what's up with the "hardhack" tag? Did the Brazilian pirates go into space to mod the satellites?
Because if this story involves space pirates, it's even more awesome than I thought.
We all know noodly Finite State Machines only contribute to global warming.
I think that we should really have a war against Brazil now.
U.S. experts managed to eavesdrop on one of the channels.
User1: PLIS I NID FREE
User1: BR???????????
User2: SI
User1: HEUAHEUEHAEUHAEHUAEHUAE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11
User2: HUAJAHUEAJAHUEJAHUEAJAHUEAJAHUEAJA!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1111
"If a soldier is shot in an ambush, the first thing he will think of doing will be to send a help request over the radio," observes Brochi. "What if he's trying to call for help and two truckers are discussing soccer? In an emergency, that soldier won't be able to remember quickly how to change the radio programming to look for a frequency that's not saturated."
What if he's shot in the field and the *enemy* saturates all the frequencies? This should have been secure from the get go, anything less is criminal.
All ideas^H^H^H^H^Hprocesses in this post are Patent Pending. (as well as the process of patenting all postings)
Not SEALS.
Marines.
Where did you get the idea SEALS are used to protect Satellites?
"Doing what i can, with what i have." ~ Burt Gummer
Perhaps not prostitute, but you've never heard the term political whoring? Corporate whoring?
And pilot. Ever hear of a maritime pilot? I bet they were around before those newfangled aircraft pilots hijacked (ooh, another one!) the name.
Some words have definitions which are sufficiently flexible to lead to multiple meanings. Pirate has become one of those. Other times, like the hacker vs. cracker issue (or dress vs. robe), it's a lack of knowledge on the part of the user.
Sure I'm paranoid, but am I paranoid enough?
We get their soccer team and call it even. Deal?
Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
As many posts made prior to you have pointed out:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_radio
'Pirate Radio' has been used to describe illegal radio transmissions since at least the 60s.
Go ahead.
If i pirate Music with these Satellites, does the RIAA sue the US Navy for "facilitators of illegal downloading" ?
I would be thrilled to read in the newspapers the next day that RIAA lawyers were water boarded 183 times by the marines...
"Doing what i can, with what i have." ~ Burt Gummer
http://www.realultimatepower.net/index4.htm
First Orkut, now SATCOM?
The reason why it is so strongly frowned upon is that satellite transponders have a limited amount of transmission power available, which must be shared and coordinated among all the users. Rogue transmitters screw up the planning and degrades the "legitimate" users' ability to communicate.
Comment removed based on user account deletion
Comment removed based on user account deletion
If the incompetent soldiers at the U.S. Navy can't figure a way to secure their own satellites, why should the citizens of another country on the other side of the planet be prosecuted, fined, or worse, merely for sending out a radio signal that happens to match the same frequency the U.S. military used? This is insanity. It makes me angry that the Brazilian government is cooperating at all with the U.S. Defence Department in targeting these individuals. They should be protecting them! If a U.S. soldier is wounded in the field and is unable to radio for help, he or she should curse himself first, for joining the military, and second his idiot government for designing such an insecure satellite.
I hope more Brazilians and others from around the world get in on this act! Perhaps there's a way we can use it to multicast data as well, that would be brilliant!
Umm, *why* are US military satellites allowing unrestricted access? Sure, the groundside hardware might be hard to obtain when they were originally launched in 1970, but did they really not care if the Soviets used their satellites?
"Dear Congress. We want $1 gajillion to launch communications satellites so we can talk to our ships. These satellites will let the Russkies talk to their ships too. Kthxbye, The Pentagon."
Presumably real naval signals were encrypted on board the ship and decrypted at their destination, but the satellites should have some sort of authentication and session key system to prevent unauthorized access. ... or maybe they did, and the Pentagon has disabled it now that the satellites are no longer used, opening the satellites to the public deliberately.
I think I remember hearing something about a fiasco involving communication satellites during the Gulf War. At the time, the US Military was running out of bandwidth and they started using these old communication channels. I think some Greek hackers picked these signals up and they could hear all the chatting in the clear. They reported to the US Embassy and the message was relayed back to the Pentagon. I don't know if the hackers ever got into trouble though. Does anyone remember anything else about this story?
I was talking to a co worker from south america (peru), a year or so ago, and he was asking me if I had this so called "world phone" which would work anywhere in the world (at least the americas) for free! I told him there was no way there was a free cel phone network that extended the length of both continents, but he persisted that his relatives will bring their phones up here and use them - for free - to call back to peru.
Perhaps this is what he was talking about! If so, this has gone on for years and is VERY widespread in south america. Hopefully some native peruvians could shed some light on the issue and what phones exactly you would need to take advantage of the network. I believe he was calling them "nortels", like the phone company.
As a potential lottery winner, I totally support tax cuts for the wealthy
If a few clowns with $500 worth of equipment can essentially deny the military the use of the system, it is not going to be of any use in a conflict when the opposing force has a lot more sophisticated equipment.
It's true that our current income tax system is complex... but it's hardly true that this is an essential feature of income tax systems. We could have a simple income tax system, but we've chosen not to. Similarly, excise and sales taxes can be complex, and some of them are... at the very least, they vary wildly from state to state and product to product.
This is utterly ridiculous. The reason for having an income tax is that it can be made progressive (in other words, you can make rich people pay proportionally more), in ways you can't with sales/excise taxes. That's the benefit of an income tax system... and yes, it is in fact a benefit. The carrot & stick effect is by no means exclusive to income taxes, either - excise taxes on, for example, cigarettes, are explicitly a stick being wielded against tobacco use.
switch to some other encrypted form of com on new sats and then allow these sats to stay up there in the same context as darpanet creating the internet. What would happen is that new sats would go up with a new way to make money by others.
I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
They're pirating bandwidth, which is an extremely scarce commodity in a military situation. Bear in mind that even a small ship has something like 300 people onboard, and most of them have some considerable amount of official business in sending e-mails, making "phone calls" (voice radio transmissions), sending/receiving teletype data, exchanging sensor/intel data, etc, etc, etc. When some of the available bandwidth is "pirated" (for lack of a better term) by folks who really need to talk about the performance of the local futbol team, it affects the ability of the US Navy to do its job.
If you, for example, used a lot of VOIP, (or online gaming, or whatever) and found out that your call quality had deteriorated because your neighbor had tapped into your network connection for his communication needs, how would you feel about that? Do you think it ought to be illegal? After all, this is bandwidth that you are paying for (and the neighbor is not).
Where's Thunderbird 5 when you need it?
WTF? Would you rather mean "Meu amor?"
"amore" seems Italian to me though.
aren't military satellites supposed to be designed in such a way that their communications cannot be highjacked????
Three shots. Three kills. That's how SEALS deal with pirates! Yes, those are definitely NOT the people you want to be angry at you.
I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
Mod parent up. The US is, in fact, building a replacement satellite system (as discussed in TFA). Also, the US is not spending the dollars to bust these guys - the Brazilians are (at our behest, as also pointed out in TFA).
It's also important to note that the 70's technology in question was designed and launched... in the 70's. It's not like we put those birds up there yesterday. As also noted in the article.
In conclusion: read the article before posting (I know, I must be new here).
They were launched in the 70's.
I, for one, welcome our new Brazilian Pirate Overlords..
Jason-Palmer.com
I'm recently retired from the US Navy, and I guarantee you these satellites are still in use.
You can hear pirates on some of the clips here (search for 'pirate'). The UHF-Satcom Site has a lot of interesting information on monitoring satellites from UHF and above.
Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
These satellites were designed and built in the 70's, when jamming of satellite transmissions was considerably harder than it would be today (strictly speaking, "jamming" of the freqs is still sort of hard... and while "pirating" them appears to be all too easy today, it was hard to imagine it being possible then). The design consideration then was to prevent intercept... which was handled by encryption.
I read the article, but didn't see any mention of what the 'radio pirates' are being charged with. Does anybody know?
Here in Sweden they could get hit by operating a radio transmitter without a licence, but I find it hard to believe they could get charged with anything serious for having tampered with another countries satelites, particularly if the satelites are military: the assumption would be that the satelites do not fall under Swedish jurisdiction (or should be tamperproof).
much we want them to be, are not the same as hackers.
Good people go to bed earlier.
Mod Parent up. Way up.
Most readers here probably don't even know what radio piracy is. They don't know what a transponder is, and they think that all tech starts with a cell phone.
When it was originally conceived, technology to permit/deny access wasn't easy to set up in a battle hardened system.
Yes, for people who think the analog cell phone days were the dark ages, this is indeed ancient stuff. What they fail to realize is that we don't always have cell sites everywhere on earth. And most importantly, you can't go to battle with a cell phone for communications.
So it behooves you to develop a hardened, easy to use communications system that doesn't rely on too much technology to keep it working. By today's standards, this system is quaint. But before you laugh too loudly, keep in mind how long it takes to design systems like this, and how long it can take to develop and deploy a significantly better system.
Still, this system should have been replaced at least a decade ago. Even the US military budget doesn't always get the attention it deserves.
Garth Algar: OK... First I'll access the secret military spy satelite that is in geosynchronous orbit over the midwest. Then I'll ID the limo by the vanity plate "MR. BIGGG" and get his approximate position. Then I'll reposition the transmission dish on the remote truck to 17.32 degrees east, hit WESTAR 4 over the Atlantic, bounce the signal back into the aerosphere up to COMSAT 6, beam it back to SATCOM 2 transmitter number 137 and down on the dish on the back of Mr. Big's limo... It's almost too easy.
Pathological kinda promises Path + Logical - but instead, you get stuck with pathetic.
BR?
Alchemist: Be Thou For the People
Here's a helpful reference chart.
Where does the law weigh in on all of this?
Brazilian Federal Police swooped in on 39 suspects in six states in the largest crackdown to date on a growing problem here: illegal hijacking of U.S. military satellite transponders.
The crackdown, called "Operation Satellite," was Brazil's first large-scale enforcement against the problem. Police followed coordinates provided by the U.S. Department of Defense and confirmed by Anatel, Brazil's FCC. Among those charged were university professors, electricians, truckers and farmers, the police say. The suspects face up to four years and jail, but are more likely to be fined if convicted.
Brazilian citizens are not citizens of the US. They're also not a military. Nor are they representing the nation of Brazil.
Under what legal authority does the United States have the right to ask them to stop? Under what legal authority does Brazil have the right to facilitate this request?
Those satellites are in nation-less space. There isn't any turf up there, as far as I'm aware.
Shuffle the countries around a bit. Assume the satellites are owned by different parties - do things change?
Can I hit these satellites from within international waters?
Did the US bribe Brazil to get this cooperation?
This all just strikes me as odd.
Tell them that all communications are being monitored by the NSA/CIA!
Or broadcast something really annoying (bad music, stock market reports, commercials- could even make some money!).
Why do something fun like hack dish / direct tv sat's and make SHOW, HBO, MAX, STARS free to all.
When someone is forced to pay proportionally more, do they also get proportionally more representation?
Are you seriously arguing that rich folks aren't better able to influence government than the poor? If money didn't provide access to power we would not care about campaign finance reform. I thought it was basically axiomatic at this point that money is easily translated into influence...
A rich person will already pay quite a bit more in if we were just using a sales tax.
They pay more in absolute terms but not as a percent of income. Sales taxes are regressive taxes and they hit the poor disproportionately harder than the wealthy.
I never understand why there should be an extra punishment.
What "punishment"? I hope you are so unfortunate as to earn a six or seven figure income. Given all the benefits of wealth if the only cost is somewhat higher taxes then it is disingenuous to complain about such good fortune.
Once you know the basics of how these birds work it's not a surprise that people are hijacking transponders for their own use. Anybody can hook up a scope to a dish and scan the sky/spectrum for an unused transponder. Then they just need to broadcast on that transponder and the bird will happily relay it back to Earth. Most birds are just bent pipes, they don't have the kind of smarts you would need to authenticate a signal before retransmitting it.
The reason this isn't common is because the satellite operator will eventually notice the extra power drain on the transponder and will pinpoint the offending transmitter fairly quickly (a few hours to days). Then it's a fairly simple matter to send the authorities to impound your pirate equipment. That appears to be exactly what happened here, although the satellite operators were lazy about tracking down the pirates and let them operate for a fairly long time.
I read the internet for the articles.
This is proof of the oxymoron "Military Intelligence". We encrypt our cell phones, but not military communications?? Yeah, that makes sense.
Every time you call tech support, a little kitten dies.
-Wikipedia
And what money from where gets shuffled to the the unconstitutional CIA? I think it's around 50 billion these days, but no one knows for sure, or how much money they still take in running drugs.
"No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time."
...Some words have definitions which are sufficiently flexible to lead to multiple meanings. Pirate has become one of those.
Ah, I'm curious as to which definition of the term pirate, used as a noun or verb, is actually used to describe a person or action that is taken in a positive light?
Sorry, but even after hundreds of years, "pirate" has become about as sufficiently flexible as "blowjob". The only definition that has been appended in the last hundred years is the one that describes the same sort of electronic activity in the original article.
Blame my father twice for this one.
It's Halloween, and a young boy is trick or treating all by himself. His costume is too big for him, and he nervously walks up to the first door. He knocks, and an older woman steps out, with a bucket of candy in her arms.
"Trick or treat," he says quietly.
"Well, well, a pirate! Tell me young man, where are your buccaneers?"
The boy looks hurt and confused, and finally replies, "Under my buccan hat, lady."
I'd love to use this for free wi-fi or some sort of wireless internet!
Under the Brazilian law statutes that regulate radio transmissions. If Brazilians are allowed to interfere with US satellites, then US citizens could also hijack Brazilian satellites
Wouldn't piggybacking be a more accurate, or realistically, an accurate description? If I sneak onto a city bus and get a free ride to where I was going without diverting the bus, I'm pretty sure no one would accuse me of hijacking it.
Why not identify and agree to "CB" use on an identified subset of the transponded bandwidth and have the governments in question explicitly authorize that use?
Then the people will get the service that they want and can get no other practical way, while the enforcement efforts can be focussed on a much smaller number of people who don't play by the rules - working outside the alloted band(s), using excessive power ("quieting" the other signals or running down the transponder power supply), or otherwise interfering with the operation of both the intended services and the other "CB" users.
Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
Unless you have a club.
The good, the evil and the vacuum tubes.
"Ninjas don't leave evidence nor any other trace , kinda part of being a ninja. "
Then how the hell do we know about Ninjas in the first place?
Reminds me of every time someone on the news talks about a "secret government project". If it's so bloody secret, why's it on the news? :)
dragonhawk@iname.microsoft.com
I do not like Microsoft. Remove them from my email address.
The US is looking for ways to change its image abroad. The US is about to replace these birds with something better. The Brazilians use this to communicate in places where they have no other option, like the Amazon rain forest. I'd say... Let them have it. Sure, charge something from the Brazilian government, but this would go a long way as a firendly gesture. It could also be extended to other Souht/Central American countries. Why not?
Full disclosure: I'm Brazilian. I live in the US. I'm NOT a pirate. Or a ninja.
This has been going on for years. The US military operates vhf satellite relays
that are open to anyone who knows position and up and downlink frequencies. I
couldn't care any less about their relays being used by third parties, obviously
they put no effort into securing them. Another thing is, if they're too upset about
third parties using it, they can shut it down.
As far as I'm concerned anybody is welcome to use these relays but that's just me.
They could have fitted those realys with some sort of security mechanism such as a
side channel to transmit/receive authentication data to activate the relaying of
the main signal. That wasn't a priority then, why should it be now after the system has
been in use for decades.
What a bunch of sorry losers to agonize over this in the first place.
Then take 5 seconds and GIMP it out. It's not like you need to screw with the kerning or anything.
For large sets, this will be our guide even unto death, for the LORD will work for each type of data it is applied to...
cqdx cqdx cqdx this is k6cia k6cia k6cia calling cqdx pse k
"Computers are a lot like Air Conditioners" "They both work great until you start opening Windows"
Notice how a ninja never fails. A ninja doesn't make a mistake. A ninja will even direct a pirate to dress-up as a ninja and make the mistake, and then slay the poor soul just to prove that pirates are dressing up as ninjas to pretend that there is a feud. The truth is that there is no feud. This world is owned by someone that is so subtle as a ninja that it is impossible to prove that the ninjas run this world but by circular reasoning because it will always be blamed on the pirates. Amazing...
But what we will never see is that the pirates actually invented the ninjas just to strawman this blame game into lighter prison sentences. This so a pirate can always be ingeniously sloppy and easily advantaged over because the subtle ninja has written the future onto his heart...
First of all, I should apologize for just reading the abstract and not the linked article. My bad.
Also, I just focused on this pirate terminology. As it happens, there are totally pacific uses, like celebrating one's team victory, and criminal uses, like what those whose ilegally extract wood from the rainforest do. Of course I can't condone this.
Finally, my post about using things implies just the use without any loss for the owner. In the bad example of the trucks, gas would have to be returned to the truck owners, lest one could really call this truck borrowing a gas theft.
In this present situation, I cannot infer whether the satellites were or not in use.
Still, if they really are military sattelites there's an added problem of secrecy. I hope they have just used the little balls, without snooping around.
Even if they are innocent, it's a good idea not to meddle with military equipment.
My most hateloved word in this case is "studio". It still means "I strive (for something)" in Latin.
Please note, these are NOT legitimate Amateur Radio operators, nor are they operating through Amateur Radio satellites.
The 'pirates' are heavily modifying the commercially available Amateur Radio transceivers with 'outboard' devices to be able to use these 'bent-pipe' transponders (what goes in comes back out) on the US military satellites.
At the end of the story, the Brazillian Amateur Radio operator, at a meeting with other Amateurs, demonstrates a radio that (legally) can listen to the transmissions from these US military satellites (how does any government stop the use of a radio receiver).
This is NOT a story about "rogues in Amateur Radio"; this IS a story about people subverting a valuable public resource (Amateur Radio, and the US military satellites).
_.. . ._ _. ._ _ _ ._ _ . .._ ._. !
Looking at space, radio, science and computing from a 'down-under' amateur enthusiast perspective.
Those Ninjas with Guitars would truly be awesome if the artist took the misplaced apostrophe out of its title.
Or he should at least be coherent about it : "Ninja's with guitar's" would be more like it.
If you like apostrophes, you have to go all the way !
May contain traces of nut.
Made from the freshest electrons.
While it is possible to look this info up, I wonder which FLTSATCOM's are being used this way? I would think that Brazil is well outside of the footprint of any current wars. Still lots of stuff going on over Colombia tho.
I am very small, utmostly microscopic.
You mean an apostrophe doesn't mean "OH NOES HERE COMES AN S?"
Preposterou's!
Man, you really need that seminar!
This sounds like a problem that could easily be solved with some radar-seeking missiles tuned to the appropriate frequency. I bet the problem would stop pretty quickly.