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Creativity Potentially Linked To Schizophrenia
mcgrew writes "New Scientist is reporting that creativity may be linked to schizophrenia via a common gene. Szabolcs Kéri, a researcher at Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary, carried a study of creative people. 'Kéri examined a gene involved in brain development called neuregulin 1, which previous studies have linked to a slightly increased risk of schizophrenia. Moreover, a single DNA letter mutation that affects how much of the neuregulin 1 protein is made in the brain has been linked to psychosis, poor memory and sensitivity to criticism. About 50 per cent of healthy Europeans have one copy of this mutation, while 15 per cent possess two copies. People with two copies of the neuregulin 1 mutation — about 12 per cent of the study participants — tended to score notably higher on these measures of creativity, compared with other volunteers with one or no copy of the mutation. Those with one copy were also judged to be more creative, on average, than volunteers without the mutation.' They hypothesize that people with this gene with high IQs are creative, while those with lower IQs are simply prone to the hallucinations that characterize the disease."
I think that means that I have 1 gene. Or maybe 2. Or none?
And I'm an artistic schizo? No, I know that's not true, I don't have a creative bone in my body.
Yes I do.
Do not meddle in the affairs of sysadmins, for they are subtle, and quick to anger.
No one said natural selection was kind.
This was on the menu of my favorite Restaurant throughout the 1990s in Beaverton, OR (It died when Tektronix scaled back):
Eight out of ten people are normal
One maybe genius,
One maybe crazy,
I hesitate to call myself genius,
That leaves only one choice
Easily the most creative Japanese/American fusion chef I've ever met.
SJW: a person who perceives an injustice, and while correcting it, commits a greater injustice.
"Moreover, a single DNA letter mutation that affects how much of the neuregulin 1 protein is made in the brain has been linked to psychosis, poor memory and sensitivity to criticism. About 50 per cent of healthy Europeans have one copy of this mutation, while 15 per cent possess two copies."
This explains perfectly the past 250 years of European history.
I'm not very creative.
The voices have much better ideas than me.
Funny may not give karma, but +5 Informative never made anyone snort coffee out their nose.
Smart people can tell the voices in their head are their own thoughts, while the less intelligent think they are hearing disembodied voices, not their own?
My sister is diagnosed with Paranoid Schizophrenia, started with a lower iq due to learning disabilities. I'm pretty creative and intelligent. I always thought there was a link between the two. Still, its only partially genetic. It needs a stress trigger as well. There are identical twins, with one developing the disorder and the other not. The odds of one with the syndrome passing it to a direct descendant are also pretty low ~ 1% chance.
Well.. maybe. Or Maybe not. But Definitely not sort of.
I have a friend who was diagnosed as schizophrenic. She might also be one of the smartest people I'll ever know, and also extremely creative. She has the high IQ along with the high creativity AND the hallucinations.
correlationisnotcausation tag, please.
They hypothesize that people with this gene with high IQs are creative, while those with lower IQs are simply prone to the hallucinations
Why do they hypothesize that? There are plenty of geniuses with mental health issues. Take John Nash.
If someone is smart and really creative, there's a decent chance their IQ is keeping them from becoming schizophrenic? There's a decent chance my mom, my brother and I all fall into that category, and that's both a little weird to imagine and a little spooky.
The Quirkz Handbook of Self-Improvement for People Who Are Already Pretty Okay
thanx for information
http://www.husus.net
this study proves it! See... only stupid people are prone to suffer from schizophrenia. Smart guys like us don't have anything to worry about says the smug scientist... It's the academic version of NIMBY
All the more reason to eschew eugenics.
Health Freedom is almost as popular as Freedom itself.
So thats why copyright is in such a absurd and insane state. We let the loonies run the show on it. I mean getting royalties when you're dead for something you created sounds pretty crazy to me. And tell me about that forever and 1 day theory crazy man. (Also explains mac sales)
IQ, schizophrenia, creativity, all vague concepts linked together with "hard numbers" of primitive statistics.
Interesting information, to be sure, but let's not push that and turn it into another psychobabble.
Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
Look at what it takes to get ahead in the Corporate World: A huge ego, a shitload of apathy and the never-wavering pursuit of unlimited growth margins(at any cost). Apply that criteria to politics and you can see what a brave new world it really is.
Imagination drew in bold strokes, instantly serving hopes and fears, while knowledge advanced by slow increments...
Maybe I should cease all that "outside the box" thinking my associates always compliment me on, in the interest of sanity. /wink
...As I think I am!
I will not be pushed, filed, stamped, indexed, briefed, debriefed or numbered. My life is my own.
0 copies:
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f4506t.pdf?portlet=3
1 copy:
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/15/opinion/15dowd.html
2 copies:
http://pdfoxy.com/8986-excerpt-from-harry-potter-and-the-sorcerers-stone-pdf.html
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256 copies:
http://timecube.com/
intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
I thought it was known for a long time that there is a link between creativity and schizophrenia. Seems perfectly natural to me.
Stephan
http://stephan.sugarmotor.org
. . . and many of us have suspected that there are more such links between conditions which may be pathological at one extreme, and extremely beneficial at another extreme. The schizophrenia versus creativity duality is one (and long known - we have all heard that "there is a fine line between genius and insanity"), and the whole area surrounding Asperger's Syndrome is likely another.
What about John Forbes Nash Jr.? [He's the genius they based the movie A Beautiful Mind on.
Free as in "the Truth shall set you..."
They made that story up to fool us. Don't you see? They want us to link Schizophrenia to creativity because they know that it will cause us to support them. And what's wrong with that? It's because the they're not real people. Real people don't behave that way. What you call "schizophrenia" is really the result of behavioral differences among the class of people who we've come to differentiate as the Nordic type, as opposed to greys, hairies and the other classes. They can live nominally among us as they appear generall to be caucasian. Some counter that they can't be the Nordics, and this isn't entirely untrue because they are just as often offspring between Nordics and humans. Also, time dilation effects from the trasnport mechanisms used to transport them back and forth from Earth to their home worlds cause them to be smaller. Thus, they really are the Nordics and would be tall, blonde and attractive to you; but appear differently due to an effect akin to Doppler shift in their frame of reference. So when you see one of these Nordics on the street you just think they're crazy, but those are actually the social conventions in their culture and I have to go becaue I've already said too much. Just don't believe them becauese if you believe them then things can happen like when I started believing them and then you will believe them too and it will all happen. Now do you see? It's already happening and it's happening because it's too late and it's possibly even later than you think because there is a frame of reference between these Nordic types and the Grays and what you call schizophrenics.
Obligatory link...
"Screwed Up People Make Great Art" by Groovelily
Well, it's obligatory for me at least.
--You will rephrase your request for me to go to hell. Goto statements are not acceptable programming constructs
again?
No wonder my designers are crazy!
So I wonder if this a connection, however tenuous, between Inspiration--that is, the phenomenon by which creativity manifests, e.g. hearing that improvised lick, seeing that unpainted painting, the "pop" of a boundary pushing idea--and hearing voices or hallucinating? "God" is an alteration of reality via an alteration of perception, which is itself a result of genetic mutation.
How's that for logical leaps.
Some psychiatrists look for one troubling sign that their patient may be experiencing psychosis -- a distrust for government. It certainly would be more ethical to check for a gene huh? Too bad people misuse the term "correlation does not mean causation" to the point of absurdity. It seems to boil down to one issue: I don't agree with your data, so it's not causation. As long as it keeps the research open and honest, I don't think it's a bad thing, but some people take it a little too far I'm afraid.
schizophrenic != multiple personalities
Creative/artistic type people have active imaginations?! Holy News Flash Batman! I can't wait for the story about how librarians have a gene that has been tied to OCD.
Well,
1) I have schizophrenia (paranoid delusional, no visual or auditory hallucinations).
2) I am not creative, at all...in any artistic sense. Except maybe with words, poetry, scrabble.
3) I have an extremely vivid and active imagination.
4) My nervous system is very sensitive, I have to take meds to 'turn them down' so I'm relaxed.
5) I have an IQ of 133 and an interest in math and science; degrees in physics and computer science.
The government has a defect: it's potentially democratic. Corporations have no defect: they're pure tyrannies. -Chomsky
I think a lot of people have conversations with imaginary personalities in their heads. I know I tend to spontaneously test out ideas that way, and I'm not the only one I know who does that. What language the conversation happens to be in depends mostly on what language I've been using recently. It is handy in terms of learning languages, of course, since you quickly run into things you want to say and don't know how to, so you find out.
People with Schizophrenia are lucky... *They don't need to watch movies they can create their own *When reality sucks they can participate with other realities *They get prescribed good drugs :) .02
History and my personal experience are full of manic-depressive artists. No substitute for statistics, of course.
Maybe the connection is just that society drives creative people crazy.
YOU CAN HAVE A SECTION OF ALL CAPS if it is balanced against a larger section that is normal case
intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
I don't know much about genes but I am rather familiar with different forms of psychosis experienced by positive-type shizophrenics, schizoaffectives and type one manic depressives alike and I can say with some authority that there is indeed a correlation between one's creativity and one's proximity to psychosis. Problem is, the super-psychotics among us are just too messed up to make it through the day (the affliction afflicting the patients in the most hospital beds is schizophrenia) that they are unable to unleash their creativity in contained forms that can be digested, documented and enjoyed by the rest of the world. You don't hear too many names you'd recognize except for the Pink Floyd drummer on the lists of famous people with schizophrenia.
But you do with manic depression probably because the treatment success rate, that is the chance you've got of getting a manic depressive patient to function in society, is in the nineties versus 40% [citation needed] for schizophrenia. Manic depressives, type one bipolar to be specific, get to shoot up into the same forms of psychosis positive typed schizophrenics perpetually are locked into, write an opera or a poem or whatever, come down from mania (either naturally or with drugs) and then try to market their psychotic product to whoever's interested. Or bipolar twos who ride just below the manic border, known as hypomania (think cocaine high), and can kind of do both at the same time (with the right handlers) like ODB and DMX and Axl Rose.
As for negative typed schizophrenics, catatonics, don't expect to get much Hemingway and Liszt out of them -- or their kids /if/ there is any specific heredity between the subtypes of schizophrenia. I don't know that part. But I will tell you this, more love should be shown to the crazies' diseases whose work you appreciate and enjoy regularly, work you admire and see in museums and have no idea that the artist behind it wasn't around before asylums turned into psychiatric hospitals and the drug lithium was born and applied to treating psychosis and soon after Thorazine and all the rest and they had a disaster of a life which in many cases ended in suicide. :(
Medicine has progressed much since those two drugs which might be a shame if you think that the medicines will squelch more creative genius from being contributed to the world's vault of precious art into the future.
Calling out bogus battery capacity claims.
Have you not witnessed the volume of creative yet at times contradicting posts all from me?
Creatively Schizoid Anonymous Coward
Pharmaceutical companies, in an effort to find a cure for schizophrenia, stifle creativity
mirc download http://www.mircbul.net/
My information may be out of date - I haven't engaged in any serious study of the brain in about ten years, but it was my understanding that the connection between creativity and (in some cases) schizophrenia was old news.
My understanding was that the levels of dopamine and other endorphins in the prefrontal cortex are directly related to things like problem-solving abilities and memory recall (as well as the perceived psychological rewards for any given action), but imbalances in those chemical levels (or possibly in the brain's ability to properly metabolize those chemicals) causes depression (levels too low), schizophrenia (too high) and bi-polar disorder (swings between too-low and too-high amounts).
I seem to also recall articles more recently discussing genetic connections between schizophrenia and addictive behavior, with the connection being imbalances in endorphin levels in the pre-frontal cortex, and (again, this is all from ancient memory here) being that some pleasurable (and thus addictive) activities stimulate production of endorphins, the idea is that people with endorphin imbalances are essentially self-medicating themselves to compenstate for those imbalances by stimulating the production of endorphins.
You know, if my memory on all of this is even vaguely correct, a lot of things make sense - low endorphin levels = depression = diminished problem solving / creativity - which can lead to engaging in addictive behavior (like alcoholism or overeating) to raise endorphin levels. Medication for bi-polar / depression / schizophrenia 'fixes' the brains endorphin production or metabolism at certain levels, which would explain the lack of creativity some people on those medications experience. Too high endorphin levels = greater problem-solving = potentially greater creativity - but too high can lead to schizophrenia and psychosis. If all of this is even remotely correct, this gene TFA references is one connected to the endorphin production or metabolism.
But again, I might be waaaaaay off-mark here. I might be remembering things very wrong, or science may have marched on considerably in the past decade. Can anyone more familiar with neurochemistry set me straight?
http://www.masaldiyari.net/
Comment removed based on user account deletion
http://www.mircsite.com/ & http://www.turku.tk/
I have a psychotic disorder. My symptoms include in part hearing voices. For the longest I thought they were natural. Right before I snapped back to reality I believed I could read peoples' minds, and I thought that celestial beings were having conversations that I could overhear. These voices became so incessant that I developed a case of agoraphobia which even though I'm on medication and it prevents the voices, I still become very uncomfortable in public places and often _have_ to get back to the comfort of isolation. These voices killed my last two years of college. They were definitely a problem.
They hypothesize that people with this gene with high IQs are creative, while those with lower IQs are simply prone to the hallucinations that characterize the disease.
I can't point to a source, but I've heard this hypothesis like 4 years ago. Back then it was a combo of IQ and latent inhibition, which made sense; the less you are able to filter out sensory 'noise' the more mental capacity you need to process the information.
Most modern researchers base what they know about Schizophrenia on theories. They base theory, upon theory, upon theory. It's no wonder that they find lies, and deny that people recover.
Of the most bogus theories: one researcher that works for the NIMH, believed that Schizophrenics were meant be evolutionary dead-ends. He works with elderly people with Schizophrenia.
Dr. Ronald F. Levant is very well respected, and this article tells some of the story about how he was treated when he shared his understanding:
http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb00/schizophrenia.html
From that article:
"Early last year, when Ronald F. Levant, EdD, sought out colleagues to support an APA miniconvention on serious mental illness, he told a group of fellow psychologists how recovery from a major disorder such as schizophrenia was not only possible, it was happening regularly.
"Recovery from schizophrenia?" a colleague snorted. "Have you lost your mind, too?"
END QUOTE
Look to Dr. Loren Mosher, who gave video interviews, and shared his side of the story. He believed that people recover, and that the drug companies are misleading people.
source: http://www.oikos.org/mosher.htm
"This is not a group for me. At this point in history, in my view, psychiatry has been almost completely bought out by the drug companies. The APA could not continue without the pharmaceutical company support of meetings, symposia, workshops, journal advertising, grand rounds luncheons, unrestricted educational grants etc. etc. Psychiatrists have become the minions of drug company promotions. APA, of course, maintains that its independence and autonomy are not compromised in this enmeshed situation." -- Dr. Loren Mosher
Dr. Al Siebert has shared a lot of stories about recovery on his website. This is the most significant and clear story (to me) about how delusions are often the result of a positive intention:
http://www.successfulschizophrenia.org/articles/ndlisten.html
There are more and more people awakening to what may be a truth for many people assigned the schizophrenia label.
Robert Whitaker also has some interesting research, and writings on the subject of Schizophrenia.
Note: I am not affiliated with any of these sites, or people. I respect their views, and I found my own truth. I encourage others to find their own truth as well.
Goodness, first depression, now creativity linked to schizophrenia? What next? It's becoming like stress, you will soon be able to attribute it to anything.
I hate to make this claim without being able to cite my sources, but my access to research databases has been cut off since graduating...
But this flies against the past 20 years of research. Nearly all studies show a strong NEGATIVE correlation between nearly all types of mental illness and creativity (as measured using a variety of scales). Schizophrenia and depression are the two that leap to mind. I know there's this popular idea that the crazies are more creative (or vice versa), but it's simply not true...
http://www.mircsite.com/ indir
"There is no great genius without a mixture of madness" - Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC)
If you can't beat them, embrace and extend them.
One of the most striking examples was their speech patterns, where in certain cases they would say things that had the timbre and cadence of normal English speech, but if you actually paid attention it didn't make any sense - it was just nonsensical syllables strung together in a pattern that superficially sounded like English.
So in other words, they were speaking Dutch.
The subject line says it all.
Creativity is the only thing that should be rewarded exorbitantly. Creativity. What the hell is that? The ability to make things that did not exist already. In the software business, it's called innovation. In the artistic fields, it's called authorship.
Linked is a slippery word. It implies causation. Correlated is more like it, meaning that we judge many people with schizophrenia as being also creative at the same time. What kind of creativity?
It could be as simple as this: persons with the diagnosis of schizophrenia choose to cope by creating.
Therefore, it does not imply that you must have schizophrenia to be creative. Creative people see new combinations, new possibilities, what-if mixtures that can change the world.
Creative people see a device such as the iPhone and come up with the killer app. Their idea was there for any other person to see but they did not.
So, creativity is not necessarily linked to schizophrenia. Instead, by coincidence, schizophrenic people are often creative.
I think a lot of people have conversations with imaginary personalities in their heads.
Sure do. Not really different personalities, but
Yeah. Would you choose a neurosurgeon who pokes around people's brains in his spare time? I wouldn't.
How about being an antisocial knob? Does that make me special?
Equine Mammals Are Considerably Smaller
...at least, we don't think so.
Here is another example of a group jumping to conclusions based on a small insufficiently diverse sample.
I have paranoid schizophrenia, I have an above average IQ (according to tests at least), I have no sense of artistic creativity, I excel at mathematical and scientific pursuits, I know better than to open my mouth claiming potential scientific discovery without solid scientific data.
Google turned up this short explanation: http://www.articlesbase.com/medicine-articles/crocodile-blood-could-help-combat-h1n1-swine-flu-953186.html
Hi Tom Cruise!
Who logs in to gdm? Not I, said the duck.
Its easier to solve a problem when you put two people on it. Even if they're both in my head.
Have gnu, will travel.
"Can't you see i'm burnin', yearnin'?"
""implants in their skulls""
I bet Dr. Gaius Baltar would want a retake of his MRI, even if it pisses of Doc Cottle to no end. ("WILL YOU STOP GOING **CRAZY** IN THERE???!!!!")
As for speaking Dutch, the drug dealers in the downtown Portland area using cells on the buses to make rendezvous or deal on the buses and getting busted by the cops listening in on the hidden/(im)planted microphones, the dealers SHOULD speak Dutch. They can probably drive the cops crazy, til they hired Dutch speakers. Then, maybe we can have a fast-tracked patented tribute to the Double Ductch "Bust". Anyone hiding crack in their butts will face the bubble butt bust on the bubble butt bus...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjBicU0oPZk
Previously: "Linux... Toward the Sunrise..." Now: "Linux... Toward the-- No, now, part of Every Sunrise"
Wow - that is one of the most blatant pieces of PR bullshit I have ever read! Excellent use of "scientists from XYZ" say this, without any reference to a specific person or even university. The use of the second person plural in the middle though really ruins the illusion that the article is a well researched independent piece of journalism. Then to finish off with such an obvious link to the website after saying that both Chinese athletes and the mysterious "scientists from Cambridge" recommend it, was really too over the top.
Notice the counters before the quotes?
Read the title?
Ok. Now mod away.
Perhaps creativity can simply be derived from our conscious minds' incapacity to censor stuff from our subconscious minds. Something I've often wondered about, anyways.
Creativity is hard to categorise. However, it also isn't completely random. When I'm working on a project, I can get myself into "daydream" mode and gently steer my creativity to find answers to the question or problem at hand, so I would guess that even if it is random firing of neurons, it is random firing of the neurons active at that moment. This means that it certainly is NOT random, because you can choose what to think about, and hence, steer that random firing to get a result. Evolution likes that.
With e.g. schitzophrenia, I think that people who have a double copy of the gene and have a high(er) IQ are more likely to find a way around the problem and deal with it. I would guess I'm one of the lucky guys with a double expression of the gene, but also with a good IQ. A lot of what was said was very recogniseable - I've fought with depression, burnout and more, and also had an immense war between myself and my own mind, and have seriously questioned my sanity, before I finally learned to detach from my thoughts and emotions, and stand behind them as it were instead of being dragged along with them on a very rough rollercoaster ride. Meditation, sports, the forced responsibility of having to run my own company and lots of research saved my sanity. Now my creativity is a tool, a part of my mind which can be accessed at will instead of a scary the-voices-say-the-universe-hates-you personal enemy you can carry everywhere you go. I am the eye of the storm, as it were, and it is no longer easy to rip me loose - I would guess that only a long, sustained depression combined with stress over a period of years could do that (because it means that slowly but surely your belief in yourself and your self-imposed structure will be eroded by the negative emotional flood from the amygdala).
I think the problem is compounded once you get depressed. It seems to me that creativity is rampant throughout the brain. When I was depressed, it seemed that my "logical" brain was less active and my "emotional" brain ran the show - all my reactions were negative and emo. This might be because the amygdala seems to "shout louder" at certain times than others, or maybe the rest of the brain is more overwhelmed by its "voice" during depression because it is less active, I don't know. At any rate, it means you are completely at the mercy of emotional reasoning and the torrent of feelings because you don't have your "logical net" to tell you "nah, I'm dramatizing again" and you simply shrug them off as an itch.
At any rate, I know a few others like myself and their stories are similar: mental override, take control, avoid pitfalls of deep feelings (unless they're positive, and even then keep an eye on them), and view the world as a statistical game instead of a personal interaction. The latter is probably the most important, because once you start trying to ascribe a (negative) personal meaning to the events that influence you - for example: "God made me lose my job because I'm bad / worthless / whatever", then you open Pandora's Box on your own mind. That's also one of my warning signs that I may be stressed out or in a downward spiral, and that I need to take more breaks and relax more: if I find my mind trying to reason like that, I know I'm in the danger zone, so I adjust for it. Not doing so probably means you'll end up creating another religion based on frustrated depression.
A positive attitude may not solve all your problems, but it will annoy enough people to make it well worth the effort.
Went through a period of psychosis in my late teens, but stayed off the anti-psychotics. Took quite a while, but got back on track without the pseudo-science quackery of psychiatry. Now I run my own business and live a pretty balanced life as a respected member of my family and the community.
I've seen a psychosis ruin the life of a few people I know. To overcome that is quite an accomplishment. You have my respect.
It makes the "special" people feel better.
Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
It is a PR piece, but it describes pretty well the crocs immune system, just as I said it basically targets ANYTHING that could be a threat, a cell that's slightly damage (precancerous or about to spit out badstuff) or a foreign bacteria/virus, and just rapes the shit out of it essentially.
Studies show that in their pre-psychotic phases (i.e. before the onset of the first psychotic signs in late adolescence) schizophrenia patients show significantly more academic abilities. Also, first degree relatives of schizophrenia patients show a significant higher degree of academic scholarship. See e.g. Karlsson, Acta Psychiatrica Scandianavia 104 (2001), 466-468.
Similar studies find similar correlations with artistic capabilities. Both art and academic abilities tap creativity, so that shouldn't surprise.
Ceterum censeo Carthaginem delendam esse
Read Gregory Bateson's work on schizophrenia and double bind-theory... He argued there likely to be a connection between creativity and schizophrenia quite a while back...
I know that my language consists of a series of nonsensical syllables; it amazes me every day how we manage in my country to function without understanding each other.
It takes one to understand one.
True, but the properties of crocodile immune proteins are well documented. Here is a less idiotic link on the matter:
Abstract from Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2R-49KSKF9-7&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=961247909&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=a1d6189fa9fc622240974a24a20b098e
@YourSig:
The best part of waking up, is Linux in your cup.
Don't you dare compare living with pigeons to starting a religion! Living with pigeons is an honorable, peaceful lifestyle choice. It is nothing like the skullduggery of starting a religion.
I am both paranoid schizophrenic -- extremely psychotic with visual, tactile and auditory hallucinations when I am not medicated and very creative. I draw, paint, play drums, write all genres. My IQ has been tested at average. The only reason my IQ is that low is because I have difficulty remembering stuff. I am basically a math whiz and a history dunce..... I don't think IQ has anything to do with it, really, IQ tests tend to be biased towards people that can remember stuff well.... I also know many other "crazy" people that are very creative as well. Some of them are very smart, others are not....
In other words, the conclusion is nonsense, I think. The genetic mutation may have some bearing on both creativity and schizophrenia, but IQ has nothing to do with whether someone is one or both!