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Fertilizer Dump Spoils Intel's Pure Water

An anonymous reader writes "Intel had to shut down part of its Irish plant for a while because of the extreme cold and the fact the local council polluted the water supply with fertilizer. Apparently it got down to -12 degrees C at the Intel plant in Leixlip, County Kildare. But to make matters worse, the local council ran out of rock salt to grit the roads and opted for fertilizer instead. There were fears that ammonia and nitrates in the fertilizer might have contaminated the local water supply. The problem for the chipmaker is that it needs extremely pure water for its manufacturing processes."

211 comments

  1. Obligatory by Calydor · · Score: 5, Funny

    Well, that's just a shitty thing to do.

    --
    -=This sig has nothing to do with my comment. Move along now=-
    1. Re:Obligatory by PietjeJantje · · Score: 1

      I'm sure they had no other options. Shit happens.

    2. Re:Obligatory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Can't fit all that shit in a boot.

      Oh damn. Wrong immigrant joke.

    3. Re:Obligatory by al0ha · · Score: 2, Funny

      Lay off the Guinness laddies, you've gone to Shite!

      --
      Did you ever wake up in the morning, with a Zombie Woof behind your eyes? -- FZ
  2. Frosty by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Frosty piss in my chips?

    1. Re:Frosty by ionix5891 · · Score: 4, Funny

      thats a Frosty Irish piss in your chips

  3. But... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    It's got what plants crave!

    1. Re:But... by evilviper · · Score: 0, Troll

      There's that fag-talk we talked about.

      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
  4. why tagged gatorade instead of brawndo? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Brawndo's got what plants crave. They crave Brawndo. It's got electrolytes.

    1. Re:why tagged gatorade instead of brawndo? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      brawndo's got what CPUs crave!

      (when to ACs discuss in space, nobody can hear them)

  5. Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I daresay people also need 'extremely pure' water to... you know... drink and suchlike. Right?

    1. Re:Priorities, people by Hognoxious · · Score: 4, Funny

      'extremely pure' water to... you know... drink

      You've never been to Ireland, have you? 96% water is more than enough.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    2. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Pahhh... Guinness... If you want real stout try Murphy's.

    3. Re:Priorities, people by Antony-Kyre · · Score: 1

      I guess it all depends on what that other four percent is. I mean, imagine if someone were to dispose of old thermometers by draining the remaining mercury near a local water supply. And you know they say that we need to drink eight glasses of water per day to stay healthy.

    4. Re:Priorities, people by jhoegl · · Score: 0

      No... no we don't. Taking out everything in water will actually kill us because the minerals and some bacteria are needed. We have symbiotic relationships with a lot of bacteria.

    5. Re:Priorities, people by Silvrmane · · Score: 5, Informative

      100% pure water will do no harm to you, whatsoever. Or your gut bacteria. I'm not sure how this meme got started, but it is not only wrong, but indicative of a confusion of ideas that makes me doubt the rationality of anyone who espouses it.

    6. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So how do you know that the bacteria in the water is the good kind or not? Fertiliser also has lots of bacteria in it...

    7. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Informative

      Uh, wrong.

      Heard of Hold Your Wee for a Wii, perhaps? Matt Carringon? Water intoxication?

      The body needs certain electrolytes to be in a certain balance to function. Drinking 100% pure water in sufficient quantities, without consuming anything else, will cause that balance to be disrupted, and death will result.

      In the sort of doses that you'd typically drink, sure, 100% pure water is fine. But drunk to excess, it's lethal (as is regular drinking water, to be fair.) Like anything, really. Oxygen? Yup. You name it, it's lethal if you consume too much.

    8. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reductio_ad_absurdum

      Reductio ad absurdum (Latin: "reduction to the absurd") is a form of argument in which a proposition is disproven by following its implications to a logical but absurd consequence.

    9. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Drinking truly 100% water I.e. deionized water is semi toxic. Water is a natural solvent and having no solute in it means it will reach for anything surrounding it and try to pull it into it's matrix. It screws your cell's osmotic pressure and really fucks over your electrolyte balance. A few glasses It may not kill you but it is harmful, and drinking to much can cause your mussels to cramp up and spasm (including your cardiac mussels).

    10. Re:Priorities, people by BigDukeSix · · Score: 5, Informative

      Your statement is true for pure water instilled directly into the bloodstream, but not for ingested water. The human digestive system is a polymer (poly-phospholipid) lined tube that is impervious to water absorption. Water and ions have separate transport mechanisms that allow them to be absorbed in specific parts of the intestines. If you drink a sufficient amount of any fluid which is not a balanced salt solution, you will eventually throw yourself into an electrolyte imbalance state.

      The fluid which eventually reaches the gut bacteria has a ton of secretions in it, from the salivary glands all the way down to the liver and pancreas, and bears no resemblance to the originally swallowed fluid. As such makes no physiological sense that drinking pure water is toxic to the beneficial gut bacteria (any more so than drinking whiskey).

    11. Re:Priorities, people by quarterbuck · · Score: 0
      --
      http://slashdot.org/submission/1062723/Cheap-mobile-data-plan?art_pos=2
    12. Re:Priorities, people by Jeremy+Erwin · · Score: 1

      Guinness is more than a dilution of Everclear.

    13. Re:Priorities, people by JohnBailey · · Score: 1

      So how do you know that the bacteria in the water is the good kind or not? Fertiliser also has lots of bacteria in it...

      You test it. And if not fit to drink, bring in drinking water from an unaffected area while the local supply is treated.

      And if the fertiliser was used as an alternative to salt to keep the roads passable, they would not have used organic fertiliser. Shovelling shit on something only works in PR and politics.

      --
      It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his job depends on not understanding it.
    14. Re:Priorities, people by Silvrmane · · Score: 2, Interesting

      While I generally regard using Wikipedia as a laughable "proof" in any sort of internet discussion, I find it doubly so in this case. The article cited has so many weasel words (may, could, should, might) that it becomes entirely devoid of informational content. If you are eating a properly nutritious diet, you will have zero need for any kind of dietary supplements, period. Dependence on the "nutritional" benefits of the minute amounts of calcium, magnesium, etc. in tap water borders on the delusional. Having said that, one adult sized vitamin capsule is going to have more of those trace minerals than 8 glasses of drinking water. As for the benefits of fluoride in the water, too much of it can also cause teeth to become brittle and prone to breakage. All good things in moderation. Considering where pure H20 ends up when ingested (mixed in with the contents of your stomach) tell me exactly how long it actually remains "pure" in the human body?

    15. Re:Priorities, people by Khyber · · Score: 1

      "100% pure water will do no harm to you, whatsoever. Or your gut bacteria"

      Know how osmotic pressure works?

      Pure water, much like pure oxygen, is bad for you over extended periods of time.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    16. Re:Priorities, people by Khyber · · Score: 2, Interesting

      "The human digestive system is a polymer (poly-phospholipid) lined tube that is impervious to water absorption. "

      Only the stomach. Most water absorption happens from duodenum to descending colon.

      Even taking a bath in purified deionized water is bad for you over time.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    17. Re:Priorities, people by Silvrmane · · Score: 1

      Know what's in your stomach? Seriously, think about what you are saying for 5 seconds.

    18. Re:Priorities, people by colinrichardday · · Score: 1

      Of course, the absurd consequences might be true. Just ask Saccheri.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccheri

    19. Re:Priorities, people by chowdahhead · · Score: 1

      Actually pure water is too hypotonic and causes red blood cells to burst if infused intravenously.

    20. Re:Priorities, people by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 2, Informative

      You're right, technically. Distilled water won't directly harm you. There is no mechanism by which H20 disrupts body functions directly (disregard blocking O2 absorption in the lungs for a second). What happens though is that pretty much every membrane in your body is porous for ions and minerals. If you drink nothing but distilled water for an extended period, you're losing minerals through osmosis very quickly. The first effect is that your neural system starts to act up, because Potassium and other ions used in signal transmission become less and less available. That's why it's a bad idea to use snow as a source of drinking water without adding anything to it, or making sure that your diet supplements the extra ions and minerals needed.

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.
    21. Re:Priorities, people by rs79 · · Score: 1

      Did the wiskey makers stop making wiskey?

      --
      Need Mercedes parts ?
    22. Re:Priorities, people by Golddess · · Score: 1

      If you'd checked the wiki link, you'd have known GP was implying a specific substance for the remaining 4%.

      That said, I always thought Guinness was more like 7% abv?

      --
      "I'm not sure I like the fugnutish tone you used in your post!" -RogL (608926)-
    23. Re:Priorities, people by Golddess · · Score: 1

      So you're saying that GP is wrong because, like everything else, too much is a bad thing?

      --
      "I'm not sure I like the fugnutish tone you used in your post!" -RogL (608926)-
    24. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't drink, so I guess I don't get the joke. What does the 96% water mean? Nothing related to the percent water is referenced on the wikipedia page.

      Care to enlighten me?

    25. Re:Priorities, people by temojen · · Score: 2, Informative

      This is based on the assumption that you're not ingesting any ions in the food you eat. That would pretty much require a diet of pure paper or complete fasting. Anything that was once alive and hasn't been completely purified (paper or pure gelatine) is going to have some sodium, potassium, and calcium.

    26. Re:Priorities, people by Silvrmane · · Score: 1

      Eat a cracker with your water. Problem solved. Do people really believe this nonsense?

    27. Re:Priorities, people by Nightspirit · · Score: 1

      I just graduated medical school and have worked with hundreds of patients, and while I have not seen as many patients as a 20 year old veteran I can count the number of patients that eat a proper nutritious diet on one hand.

    28. Re:Priorities, people by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 1

      Of course. However, depending on the quantity of distilled water you're drinking, you will have to adjust your diet. If you do not modify your diet to account for the fact that you're losing ions and minerals to your intestine, you will end up with a deficit. The deficit will stabilize somewhere, but at a sub-optimal level.

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.
    29. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      But...but...what about this? If the internet says it, it must be true!

    30. Re:Priorities, people by rastass · · Score: 1

      When working on Desalination plants one must allow a certain amount of "raw" or semi treated water to mix with the output from the Reverse Osmosis (RO) trains before distribution. I am not a biologist but my understanding is that pure water pulls ions, salts etc out of your body and will kill you if you do this for too long.

      --
      pi seconds is a nanocentury
    31. Re:Priorities, people by haruchai · · Score: 1

      The problem is that a "properly nutritious diet" is something of a moving target and the general guidelines are most
      likely to prevent deficiency diseases in most of the population - it's not, and doesn't or shouldn't try to be a program for optimal health. I tried to follow the recommended guidelines but ,after about a year, started to have minor problems, most of which were alleviated by taking a multivitamin.

      Other problems persisted until I started taking supplemental Omega 3 (fish oil) - these were issues that all my doctors had told me I'd have to live with.
      That said, since starting to take fish oil, I find that cuts bleed more and I bruise a bit more easily. Or, I could just be getting old.

      --
      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    32. Re:Priorities, people by toddestan · · Score: 1

      True, but that's not exclusive to pure water, the same thing will happen if you drink too much regular tap water, spring water, mineral water, most sports drinks, or what have you.

    33. Re:Priorities, people by TheTurtlesMoves · · Score: 1

      We drink it all the time in the lab. And we are not even crazy scientists.

      --
      The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
    34. Re:Priorities, people by TheTurtlesMoves · · Score: 1

      You what the difference between tap water and deionized water osmotic pressure is? Its for the proposes of this discussion equivalent. We often drink the deionized water in lab. I am quite healthy.

      --
      The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
    35. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Whoosh!

    36. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Special Export -- AFAIK it only comes in bottles -- is 8%. It's rather good.

    37. Re:Priorities, people by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He did, and obviously he paid attention to biology class whereas you didn't. Drinking low mineral content water creates a net loss of nutrients in the body, as shown by the WHO in 2005.

      Drinking enough deionized water will fuck your intestines up, starting with the intestinal mucous membrane, and working its way to fucking your internal homeostatic balance.

  6. Water Filters? Hello? by mim · · Score: 2, Insightful

    One would think that a company with their resources would have a filtration system in place if the need for pure water is such a priority that the lack of it risks shutting down the whole operation.

    1. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by HappySmileMan · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I was in this very plant a year or two ago and seem to recall them saying that not even filtering was good enough, they actually had to distill the water they got because filtering won't remove all impurities (enough for most practical purposes, but I think the reason they need absolutely pure is because pure H2O doesn't conduct electricity, but the slightest impurity will).

      I find it very hard to believe this same plant shut down because they didn't consider the possibility of their water supply (completely outdoors and unguarded) being contaminated somehow.

    2. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      They surely have, as the water in the water supply are never pure, but there is a difference between purifying normal water, and contaminated water.

      I'd guess their system could not handle, (or could not process enough of), the contaminated water.

    3. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This is testable. Add 100g of nitrate fertilizer to 4 liters of water, and let it sit overnight. In the morning pour the water through your filter of choice and then drink the result. Delicious right?

      Filters and purification mechanisms have limits, those limits are chosen at design time based on the range of pollutants expected in the input water. If you increase those pollutants by orders of magnitude it's likely the purification system you have just won't cut it.

    4. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Xenkar · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Water filters aren't magical devices. They can only filter so much crap out of the water before they need to be replaced. It might not make financial sense to continue operating the plant if they have to replace the filter for every fifty gallons of water they use.

    5. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Somebody did not consider the long-term consequences of their acts. Apparently, whether that was on the Intel or County Kildare side is currently unknown.

      But if they have to distill their water anyway, I don't see the problem. Unless the salts mess up their still.

    6. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by dbIII · · Score: 2, Insightful

      OK then, Invent the perfect filter or distillation method and I'm sure Intel will buy it from you.

    7. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Seth+Kriticos · · Score: 4, Informative

      Distillation only removes sediments (mostly). You don't get rid of evaporating chemicals that easy, you'd actually have to use refining distillation combined with reverse osmosis filtering to get clean water. And that gets slow and expensive fast.

    8. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by sjwest · · Score: 2, Informative

      A book (isbn: 9781846270697) about waste water will tell you that Irelands sewage and water distribution systems are sub par, a couple of years ago the Irish in some areas where having to boil there water to remove bugs.

      Ireland might be a tax free paradise for american corps, but investment in the basics like water treatment leaves much to be desired.

      No surprises here that it got shutdown.

    9. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Well, you're wrong. Due to the autoprotolysis of water (2H2O OH- + H3O+) even the purest possible water conducts electricity, even though not a lot. There is probably another reason why they need really pure water.

      Did you sleep during highschool chemistry classes?

    10. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      I'm guessing you just ignored your lessons in common courtesy.

    11. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Darkman,+Walkin+Dude · · Score: 2, Interesting

      but investment in the basics like water treatment leaves much to be desired.

      Water treatment is fine, the problem is in the 1940s supply infrastructure, debates in the Dáil have gone on record as saying that 45%+ of the water that is processed leaks from pipes en route to the taps. This is the legacy of the incompetents in charge of the country at the moment, who would rather bow to public sector union demands for pay rises than fix this infrastructure. Not to worry though, the Greens in the ruling coalition are going to inflict a new water rates tax on us to ensure that the unions get their pay rises.

    12. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by QuoteMstr · · Score: 0, Troll

      Places with "low taxes" either:

      1. Have a higher, hidden tax burden (like southern US states with their high, regressive sales taxes)
      2. Have materially lower living standards (like Ireland)

      You can't get a modern civilization for pennies on the dollar.

    13. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by kqc7011 · · Score: 1

      There is something just not right with this story. If the water became contaminated from the deicer put on the roads, the salt normally used should have done the same to the plants water. Not to mention run off from the fields that would have been fertilized. When a company is using (pure) water for use, they should be able to produce or have delivered enough. Making pure water is not the same as producing potable water. It is a much more exacting process. Again, we need more and better information from the writer of the article.

      --
      Passionately Indifferent
    14. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by linuxrocks123 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Regarding southern U.S. states, the ones I've lived in actually have a fairly moderate sales tax. Illinois and California have much higher sales tax rates than Texas, for instance, and they have state income taxes to boot. Yes, you need taxes for civilization, but efficiency in the use of tax dollars plays a role in how steep the taxes need to be.

      --
      vi ~/.emacs # I'm probably going to Hell for this.
    15. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Sique · · Score: 4, Informative

      No, salt can be easily removed from water by distilling. But some organic matter has a boiling point at around the same temperature than water and thus is not removed by a simple distilling process.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    16. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Darkman,+Walkin+Dude · · Score: 4, Informative

      Have materially lower living standards (like Ireland)

      Would you mind clarifying exactly what you mean by that comment? According to this, Ireland is in the top ten places in the world in terms of standard of living, and was selected as the happiest place on earth by the Economist Intelligence Unit in 2005.

    17. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Invent the perfect...distillation method

      You probably can't significantly improve on this. Trouble is, that shit gets expensive. It's much easier just to work with good raw materials if at all possible.

    18. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by LingNoi · · Score: 0

      I'm looking at this map you've linked to however I can't determine how they came up it. It's just random countries with a paragraph about how tourists like to visit the places.

    19. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by umghhh · · Score: 1, Funny

      I think Intel simply wants to off shore its plant to pristine waters of Yangtze river.

    20. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by umghhh · · Score: 1

      a few banks to big to fail can destroy all your efficiency in using tax.

    21. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by ndege · · Score: 1

      Linuxrocks123: what do you consider "fairly moderate sales tax"?

      Case in point, Cleveland, TN (just north east of Chattanooga, TN) has a 10.25% sales tax. The local municipality decided to add 1% to cover basic infrastructure improvements such as roads to the already high 9.25% statewide sales tax.

      The good side of living in Tennessee is that there is no state income tax and low real estate property taxes. So, it is a great place to earn a living, as long as you don't buy a lot of stuff.

      Oh, and that 10.25% tax applies to food purchases too; even groceries.

      --
      Sig Return: 204 No Content
    22. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Burn Hydrogen and Oxygen in a controlled environment.
      Siphon heat off with a heatsink to warm building. Drain pure water for production. Win-Win.

    23. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Can't you just use fractioning distillation taking the product at 100C and throwing away anything else as pollutant, or does that not scale well either?

    24. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by DrRobert · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The water used for chip manufacture is a very ultrapure water created through an involved process using mixed media beds, filters, and reverse osmosis membranes. The fertilizer would have never made it to the chip but would have likely fouled the ultrapure water production equipment as it needs repetitively clean feed water. The molecules in the water actually etch the surface of the silicone if they are not removed. - according to an ultrapure water production class I attended.

    25. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by HappySmileMan · · Score: 2, Informative

      Places with "low taxes" either:

      1. Have a higher, hidden tax burden (like southern US states with their high, regressive sales taxes)
      2. Have materially lower living standards (like Ireland)

      You can't get a modern civilization for pennies on the dollar.

      Ireland doesn't have much lower taxes than elsewhere, income tax and VAT are quite average I believe, there's a very high tax on alcohol and cigarettes (Seriously, look at the prices of these here if you don't believe me, I doubt you'll find somewhere more expensive to drink and smoke in without some effort), as is, IIRC, tax on petrol.
      It's only really corporations that pay low tax, and it's made up for in many ways.

      Also lower living standards? What the fuck comes to your mind when you think of Ireland, people living in mud houses rationing their years supply of potatoes and poitín?
      I'm sitting here in an apartment 50% paid for by the government, getting free 3rd level education (apart from a registration fee, which gets refunded to me by the government), and just waiting for my second of 3 cheques for over €1,000 from the government for simply going to college while not being rich.
      By what definition is this "lower living standards"?

    26. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by khallow · · Score: 1

      I imagine the problem is ammonia. It vaporizes well and would get past a distillation process.

    27. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by PhysicsPhil · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I work in a semiconductor foundry, although not something on the scale of Intel. Foundries need ultrapure water not to get electrical insulation, but to remove contamination. Sodium, for example, acts as a mobile charge centre in silicon dioxide and changes the electrical properties of the devices.

      Foundries use reverse osmosis filters (not distillation) to get their deionized water, where they push water at pressure through a semipermeable membrane (i.e. permeable to water, not contaminants). RO membranes can get destroyed by unexpected contaminants, and so usually there are prefilters in place to take care of them. Some years ago we lost a (very expensive) membrane when the prefilter was accidentally swapped out but not replaced. My guess is that the fertilizer in the water supply had something that the prefilters/RO membrane couldn't handle, or couldn't handle so much of. Either they lost the membrane or shut things down as a precaution.

    28. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Due to the autoprotolysis of water (2H2O OH- + H3O+) even the purest possible water conducts electricity, even though not a lot.

      Did you sleep during highschool chemistry classes?

      It would seem that you did sleep through your highschool chemistry, because just after they tell you about autoprotolysis of water, they tell you that the equilibrium constant for that reaction is 1e-14, so that truly pure water contains only 2e-7 M charge carriers. This gives it a resistivity in excess of 2e5 ohm-meters. The resistivity of glass is around 1e9 ohm-meters, carbon around 1e-4, metals around 1e-8. Pure water is a very good insulator.

    29. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In 2005, I was happy too..

    30. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >The molecules in the water actually etch the surface of the silicone

      It is silicon the element, not _silicone_ the compound for breasts implants in the old days. There is a HUGE difference.

      Ions might affect the electrical properties of the silicon. Chips are made by careful selective _DOPING_ of different regions of silicon wafers to have the desired properties.

       

    31. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by jbengt · · Score: 1
      Using heat to distil water is not usually the economical way to purify it, though I have no idea if that applies to what chipmakers need.
      I've been involved in projects for the food and medical industries requiring "pure" water, though those do not have requirements as exacting as the purity required for chip making. The systems I've seen have multiple stages through various levels of increasing efficiency filtration, softening, and deionization beds. One of the bigger problems is that pure water is very aggressive, and tends to pick up impurities from whatever piping and tanks the water travels through.

      Reading between the lines of TFA, it sounds like Intel was set up to remove the impurites it expected, but not the ones that the fertilizer created, or at least not in the quantities found.

    32. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by carp3_noct3m · · Score: 1

      As a youngster I did a tour with my Computer class at the Intel plant in phoenix. I specifically remember two things. 1)The water was so pure that if you drank it you would get sick and die if you drank enough of it (lack of electolytes, and I'm not sure if its true but it was cool to hear) and 2)If I ever wanted to steal a lot of gold that had a bit less security than fort knox, it would be at a processor plant.

      --
      "It's ok, I'm completely secure as long as my iron is off"
    33. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What are you talking about? Below 1e10 ohm.m one generally speaks of semiconductors and definitely not of insulators. Water is *not* a *good* isolator, but rather a very mediocre one.

    34. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      Low taxes, other things being equal , necessarily lead to higher standard of living and better civilization. The obvious extreme case is communist countries up to the breakdown of the USSR, which had an extraordinarily low standard of living because for all practical purposes the government took everything.

      The key issue, as always, is incentive. If you can't keep what you earn, why bother? The second issue is that government is inherently nonproductive.

      Modern civilization relentlessly pursues improvement, which includes increased efficiency, which does mean pennies on the dollar. And there's no benefit to putting a large portion of those pennies into government.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    35. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by dbIII · · Score: 1

      The problem is that may not be good enough.
      For example it's not good enough to get 99% pure alcohol let alone 100%. Similarly it's not good enough to get 99% pure water if alcohol has been in it.

    36. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wouldn't it be easier to take hydrogen and oxygen gas and make their own water?

    37. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by jbengt · · Score: 1

      Illinois has a 6.25% sales tax rate
      add Cook County's 1.75%
      add the Regional Transportation Authority's 1%
      Add Chicago's 1.25%
      Add Chicago's special tax district (which soaks the areas around downtown and the McCormick Place convention center) 1%

      That adds up to 11.25%, unless you're buying soft drinks, where it rises to 14.25%.
      To be fair, the taxes on food and medicine are lower (2.25%, but restaurants do not qualify as food)
      Then again, Chicago has among the highest gasoline taxes in the nation.
      And Illinois has a 3% income tax, too.

    38. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by GIL_Dude · · Score: 1

      I wonder what the real difference would be then between the city using rock salt or fertilizer? One would put sodium chloride in the water, the other would put potassium nitrate or some such (not a chemistry expert - sorry). Either one would result in water that "wasn't pure" as far as this fab is concerned though. Why would it make a difference which pollutant it was?

    39. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by mobby_6kl · · Score: 1

      Ireland does have the lowest overall tax burden in the Euro area and one of the lowest rates in the EU. So, you aren't being "progressive" enough by taxing a lot, therefore obviously you must live in a complete shithole.

      Can't say much about the living standards as I haven't been there, but from what I've heard there's a pretty decent level of services available to people.

    40. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you increase those pollutants by orders of magnitude it's likely the purification system you have just won't cut it.

      All the water processing systems I've seen have several stages including initial holding ponds. You continuously test the water at each stage. If it's out of spec you route it back to the river. Meanwhile you have plenty of water in the rest of the loop to continue production until the source clears up. River water has a very wide range of quality. You can't assume anything about it.

    41. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by PolarIced · · Score: 1

      Parent post stated specifically, "the ones (states) I've lived in." Apparently TN was not one of them. Last time I checked, Texas sales tax cannot exceed 8.25% and is not charged for edible groceries. You do pay sales tax, however, when eating at a restaurant.

      That's not too bad, considering we have no state income tax and our property taxes are reasonable. Home values are also excellent.

      My .02

    42. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Sique · · Score: 1

      That's purifying, but not exactly distilling. Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture (see Wikipedia). So to actually distill water, you have to boil it.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    43. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I suppose you could call TN southern but according to this map http://www.epa.gov/enviro/gif/us_map.gif it and Kentucky is really more or less in the middle, not the south.

      Anyway, Florida is certainly a southern state, it has no income tax, and no sales tax on groceries. 7.5%

      As far as I'm concerned sales taxes are criminal, they do not fairly spread tax burden among income brackets. Instead, sales taxes, reward those with excess income to reinvest and punish those who must spend everything they make.

      The best route is probably to eliminates sales and income tax, along with fees for government services (the purpose of the tax system is distribute costs of gov services in a fair manner, fees are a way of bypassing it). Instead we should tax capital gains.

      With pure capital gains tax, the only income taxed is income earned without production or labor.

    44. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      I work on this site and here's what really happened. Ireland, especially the Dublin area had a 1 in 100 year event, with the lowest ever recorded temperatures, that lasted for over 3 weeks. As road salt was running short all over the country (and across Europe) and it was getting hard to get deliveries into the country, Kildare County Council switched to spraying urea on the roads instead of just rock salt.

      Levels of Ammonia in the local water supply shot up, especially as the water reserves are way below normal (our drinking water at home, 5 miles from the plant, has been shut off every night for 12 hours since 7th Jan). Our systems were not prepared for this as it was such an unlikely event and for a period of several days we were unable to use the local water supply. The levels in the water did not make it unsafe to drink at all, we were unable to purify enough for use in our oldest factory (over 15 years old). The other 2 fabs on site were not affected. We brought water in via tanker until our off-site testing confirmed that it was once more safe for use.

      Quite how this becomes news is beyond me, we dealt with it as an internal matter, laid no blame on the council as it was such an unexpected event, and made no public statements as we didn't want to cause a fuss. I guess someone else did want to rant on about it though...

      And yes, I'm posting anonymously because I'm not authorised to speak for the company...

    45. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      but I think the reason they need absolutely pure is because pure H2O doesn't conduct electricity, but the slightest impurity will).

      Whatever gave you that idea? Of course pure water conducts electricity, with a resistance of 18 million ohms.

    46. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by countertrolling · · Score: 1

      No, no, no! The water cartels will kill you and patent the invention, and put it on the shelf with the 100mpg carburetor that works on water..

      --
      For justice, we must go to Don Corleone
    47. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by temojen · · Score: 1

      Makes me wonder if an electrolysis->fuel cell system would be a good way of doing this... You'd just have to clean out the electrolysis cell periodically and replace the energy lost to heat (hopefully similar to what the RO pumps were using).

    48. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, yes, tax the rich and give it away. Do it. They deserve to be sapped of the reward for their luck, good decisions, or hard work, or whatever. The poor deserve to enjoy that reward because... they're poor. I guess. I dunno what they do, honestly. Based on observation I'd say they engage in criminal activities when they aren't whining about rich people not giving them things.

    49. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Somebody has forgotten about fractional distillation, which separates everything except azeotropes. Those need to be separated by adding another solvent to the still to "catch" the other solvent, so the third solvent can escape the first one. "There was an old woman who swallowed a bird, How absurd! to swallow a bird, She swallowed the bird to catch the spider, That wriggled and jiggled and tickled inside her, She swallowed the spider to catch the fly, I don't know why she swallowed the fly, Perhaps she'll die."

    50. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Gerafix · · Score: 1

      That shouldn't be at all surprising. I'm pretty darn happy when I'm drunk too.

    51. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by rah1420 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Maybe there's more to this story, but it'll end up being something rather mundane.

      I worked for a time at a chip fab in Allentown PA and they were slavish about the use of only sand to lay down over icy walkways in the winter. The least amount of urea or sand was said to 'poison' the chips despite the mammoth water filtration system in the basement.

      The contamination they're worried about is not from process water, I would wager.

      --
      Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens.
    52. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Chuck_McDevitt · · Score: 2, Informative

      It doesn't work due to aziotropism. For example, if you have ethanol and water mixed, no amount of distilation can ever completely separate them.

    53. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      My understanding is that you don't have to boil it, but just let it evaporate. You can boil it to speed up the process, but it isn't required.

    54. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      *waves*
      I used to work at that plant. :D
      Small world.
      They still including large quantities of courgette in just about every dish the cafeteria makes?

    55. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Shatrat · · Score: 1

      If it's not convenient to the rhetoric, it can't be true.

      --
      09 F9 11 02 9D 74 E3 5B D8 41 56 C5 63 56 88 C0
    56. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Quite how this becomes news is beyond me,

      I take it you missed the humorous statements about Guinness, the idiotic rants about the ill effects of a distilled water diet, the anecdotal missives of various posters and the usual General Ranting.

      At least no one brought up the iPad.

      It's not news, it's Slashdot...

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    57. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 1

      The information does hint that it was ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which is very common and makes a so-so de-icer. But I don't know if the resulting ions from the dissolved salt would be easily removable or not. One would think so, since plants do it pretty much effortlessly, but that's not a reliable indicator.

    58. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 1

      It seems strange to me that they would spray urea, rather than using cheap fertilizer (potassium or ammonium nitrate) as a de-icer. It is not as good as plain salt, and it probably would have made little difference as far as the water goes, but they could have used their regular salt trucks.

    59. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by rah1420 · · Score: 1

      The least amount of urea or sand was said to 'poison' the chips despite the mammoth water filtration system in the basement.

      Ugh. The least amount of urea or SALT, not sand. How lame.

      --
      Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens.
    60. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No offense meant here but silicone is not used to make integrated circuits. That should be silicon (the element Si). Silicon wafers serve as the substrates upon which ICs are built. Silicone is a compound of silicon and other elements such as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (and sometimes others).

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicone

      BTW, I worked in the semiconductor business for 10 years in fab (fabrication area) and some 13 or so in IT roles. My last such employer was Intel.

    61. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by daveytay · · Score: 1

      Great point, I had completely missed that. I must be tired.

    62. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Right, when they distill the water, they also collect any chemicals that have a boiling point similar to water and have to do multiple distillations to get most of the other stuff out. I'm sure have some sort of de-ionization process they use, in addition to the filtration.

      If they have tons of fertilizer in the water, it might not be easy to get it all out.

    63. Re:Water Filters? Hello? by RockDoctor · · Score: 1

      I was in this very plant a year or two ago and seem to recall them saying that not even filtering was good enough, they actually had to distill the water they got because filtering won't remove all impurities (enough for most practical purposes, but I think the reason they need absolutely pure is because pure H2O doesn't conduct electricity, but the slightest impurity will).

      You've actually got it fairly comprehensively ass-about-tit : distillation (or it's modern equivalent, reverse osmosis) is a quick, dirty and cheap tool, and produces something that's generally good enough for undemanding applications like drinking, diluting battery acid, etc. But if you need to go to high purity (in the systems I used, for electrolysis to produce chromatographic-carrier grade hydrogen ; at Intel, I would guess for washing stages between layers of photoresist?) you then need to pass your "clean" water through a pair of ion-exchange resins. The first resin replaces all positive ions with hydronium ions ; the second resin replaces all negative ions with hydroxyl ions. And what you get out at the end is "ultra-pure" water, which will remain "ultra-pure" for an hour or two unless stored out of contact with the atmosphere. We used to check the quality of our UP water with a conductivity meter ; if the conductivity was too high, it went through the filters again ; if the filters didn't work after two passes, it was time for a new cartridge.

      Distillation (or reverse osmosis) is a purely physical process (well, in theory), and is good for getting the big lumps of stuff out including the non-volatile elements. But things very specifically like ammonium ions, and nitrate ions can pass through both the distillation process and the osmotic membranes. So it's not a lot of use to do several stages of distillation back-to-back.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
  7. Re:Brain Filters? Hello? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    Wow, something like this get's modded Insightful?! Do you think only morons work at Intel? You just can't filter everything.

  8. It's official. by s1lverl0rd · · Score: 5, Funny

    Intel processors stink.

    1. Re:It's official. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Reason why crApple changed to them?

    2. Re:It's official. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      fag

    3. Re:It's official. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Frequently Asked Guinness?

    4. Re:It's official. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They are in the Canary Islands (where it is currently 20 C)

    5. Re:It's official. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your Mom stinks. ...

  9. Re:Brain Filters? Hello? by mim · · Score: 1

    Hm, maybe those "morons," should have had a contingency in place for an occurrence such as this. Water pollution is quite common.

  10. What a fucked up move by Masa · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Why they even bother salting roads when there is -12 degrees Celsius? Salting is only sensible when there is about -4 degrees (at least that is a rule of thumb here in Finland). Also, using fertilizers is so completely boneheaded move because that's plain and simple polluting. I guess that someone made a risk analysis and decided that polluting groundwater supplies causes less deaths than icy roads. But I can't help but wonder what the long-term effects are for environment and groundwater.

    1. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They salted the roads at -12C because they were doing it at four or five in the morning; by noon the temperature was around zero.

    2. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It practically never becomes that cold in Ireland. It's quite rare to get sub-zero temperatures here, nevermind -12. This situation was unprecedented. There was not enough equipment or supplies of salt and grit and this was a last resort. It's easy for someone living in a country which experiences this regularly to criticize the actions of a country who doesn't. In my lifetime I had never seen snow at 6" before. The councils and the people were extremely unprepared and I'm sure that the last thing on Kildare Co. Council's mind was runoff into the river affecting Intel.

    3. Re:What a fucked up move by zoney_ie · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Actually for about 3 weeks there were only about 3 days where there was a thaw at midday - and that was the situation further south. It was pretty dramatic weather for somewhere that normally has relatively mild winters (even the usual week or two of more extreme weather is just a few degrees below freezing at night, and as you say, about zero by day). The outdoor temperature one morning at 10:30 AM (admittedly an hour and a half to go till midday) was -11C with freezing fog causing rather pretty ice constructions to stealthily grow on every surface!

      The council's actions were pretty much an act of desperation. It was awkward enough over the Christmas holidays (and people did die on the roads) but once people went back to work, with supplies pretty much exhausted and neighbours all having to conserve rock salt too, things were pretty dire.

      We'd have been completely snookered but for some investment in winter gear for the councils during the boom years. Previously in the 80s/90s a lot of councils probably would only have had a pick-up truck with guys with shovels to spread grit - now there are fleets of gritters with snowplough attachments and also supporting off-road vehicles with plough attachments - plus afaik some councils in parts of the country where it is more necessary have actual snowploughs too. However circumstances were nevertheless exacerbated by councils having limited 2009 budget left for paying overtime, so some of this kit stayed at home during Christmas.

      Things were bad enough that parts of the motorway network were temporarily reduced to one lane operation, and there was consideration given to closing even some major routes if the thaw hadn't arrived when it did.

      --
      -- *~()____) This message will self-destruct in 5 seconds...
    4. Re:What a fucked up move by Darkman,+Walkin+Dude · · Score: 0, Redundant

      -12 is pretty unusual hereabouts, as evidenced by the way they ran out of salt and grit for the roads in the first place; the local authorities just weren't prepared or expecting it, at the end of the day. Not that they are beacons of competence as a rule anyway, jobs for life and all that.

    5. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      -12C Was probably an overnight low. Fertilizer or salt can go a long way towards keeping a hard slick glaze of ice from forming so it can help even when not melting. Tarmac has great solar gain so if there is some sun (probably unlikely in Ireland in winter) ice could melt at -12C. Fertilizer, at least urea, can melt ice at -12C. It still sounds boneheaded, it it is too much for Intel's water treatment I wouldn't want to drink it. And nitrates could really mess up infants.

    6. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Interesting that it was a Green minister who was responsible for this action

    7. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      For much of that time, it was colder, not warmer, further south (e.g., in Carlow). The met office recorded that the maximum daily temperatures near Leixlip (where Intel is) for most of the first two weeks in January were between about 0 and 3C (mostly around 1C). The thermometer in my car concurred.

      Other than that, yeah, what you said.

    8. Re:What a fucked up move by AHuxley · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Direct family deaths due to icy roads or a few random cancer hotspots?
      Taxing you and then not clearing the roads is bad and cannot be hidden.
      Fertilisers in the water can be dumbed down as a pinko communist atheist conspiracy over a few decades, then the clusters drop off.

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    9. Re:What a fucked up move by richlv · · Score: 1

      still, "extreme cold" in summary just sounds braindead.

      as for decisions on salting and such, is ireland somehow isolated ? no internet, no traveling chances ? could have tried asking countries a bit to the east how to deal with snow...

      anyway, salting is a very bad thing anyway. it does serious damage to plants/trees, cars, boots and probably doesn't improve water, as in this case. additionally, it indeed only works for a few degrees below zero, thus resulting in complete ice as soon as temperatures drop below some -10 or so.

      ps. ok, travel shouldn't be obstructed - probably half of our population has emigrated to ireland anyway ;>

      --
      Rich
    10. Re:What a fucked up move by richlv · · Score: 1

      especially given that salt at -12 will just get you that - salt on top of ice. with all the added environmental damage when it gets warmer.

      --
      Rich
    11. Re:What a fucked up move by sleeping143 · · Score: 1

      If you'd have just rtfs, you'd see that they were using it to grit the roads, not necessarily to melt the ice. Even if you have a salt that will lower the freezing point of water at -12c, it will be very slow because each grain will be acting on such a small surface area initially. If you can put down some abrasive, though, it'll help grind away at the ice (at any temperature) as cars drive over it. Honestly, using sand would have made hugely more sense, especially mixed with salt (a common technique in the upper midwest).

    12. Re:What a fucked up move by fast+turtle · · Score: 0

      Sub Zero for you dingbats using the metric measurement isn't cold. Bitch when it's -12 below Zero f

      Then you might have something to complain about.

      --
      Mod me up/Mod me down: I wont frown as I've no crown
    13. Re:What a fucked up move by khallow · · Score: 1

      The council's actions were pretty much an act of desperation. It was awkward enough over the Christmas holidays (and people did die on the roads) but once people went back to work, with supplies pretty much exhausted and neighbours all having to conserve rock salt too, things were pretty dire.

      You know what they should have put down? Sand. With temperatures that cold, they should have given up on melting the ice while conserving their rock salt supplies. When warmer temperatures return, they'd be able to resume salting the roads. Oh well, that's the power of hindsight.

    14. Re:What a fucked up move by cynyr · · Score: 1

      lol it hasn't even made it up to -12C for about week here. it's -15C right now here. The high is -10C for today. just another day in January here. For the record we do have some low temp "Salts" here. They are a deicing chemical that is UV reactant. A short google doesn't turn up anything but let me assure you that the stuff works just fine at -20 to -30C as long as it's sunny out.

      --
      All of the above was encrypted with a Quad ROT-13 method. Unauthorized decryption is in violation of the DMCA.
    15. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What kind of logic is this? They were unprepared so it's ok they did something really stupid?

      What next? "Well, they were unprepared for the cold so they set fire to a whole city block to warm everyone up"

      "Well, we had a lot of snow and we didn't know what to do so we killed a virgin."

    16. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      [[The council's actions were pretty much an act of desperation]]

      No, these are acts of stupidity. How hard would it have been to actually /ask/ someone who lives with this kind of weather on a regular basis: "What would you do?"

      All the council would have needed to do is to tip their heads sideways and all the sand that you needed would have come pouring right out of their ears and onto the roads.

      Your local council, sir, are complete idiots.

    17. Re:What a fucked up move by itsdapead · · Score: 1

      could have tried asking countries a bit to the east how to deal with snow...

      To which the answer is "have deep snow and persistent below-freezing temperatures every winter, so that you can justify the expense of maintaining the infrastructure and experience to deal with it".

      Which doesn't help much when you're faced with a once-in-20-years weather event (after an apparent trend - whatever the cause - to milder winters). How many snowploughs and blowers do you buy, maintain and keep manned if they're only going to be taken out of the garage for a few days every third year?

      Anyway, the problem wasn't really the odd record -12C night - it was heavy snowfalls and sustained daytime temperatures around 0C. Salt & grit is a perfectly good solution to that until you suddenly go through several normal years' worth of it in three weeks.

      --
      In a survey of 100 programmers, 111111 thought that duck-typing was a good idea.
    18. Re:What a fucked up move by itsdapead · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Sub Zero for you dingbats using the metric measurement isn't cold. Bitch when it's -12 below Zero f

      ...then everybody buys snowchains for their car, a fur coat that would make you pass out with heatstroke if you wore it in a typical UK or Irish winter, and builds tunnels or covered walkways between buildings. Simple.

      Now try dealing with temperatures hovering around zero C for a few days at a time, where you rarely get enough snow to use chains or studs and the water is continually melting and re-freezing and where years or even decades can pass between bouts of nontrivial winter weather. Its a different problem.

      --
      In a survey of 100 programmers, 111111 thought that duck-typing was a good idea.
    19. Re:What a fucked up move by jbengt · · Score: 2, Informative
      Around here it commonly gets colder than 0F (-18C) and they use salt to good effect. True, sodium chloride doesn't work that good below about 15F (-9C), but if you can afford it, calcium chloride suppresses freezing at least down to -20F (-29C).
      And fertilizer (ammonium) actually works down to about 20F (-7C)
      see more here

      In practice, a combination of plowing, very high sodium chloride levels, and the action of rolling tires can make roads fairly safe to drive even below 0F.

    20. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I have vague memories of -23 C a few years ago. It happened before so it could be expected to happen again.

    21. Re:What a fucked up move by Xtravar · · Score: 1

      One thing's certain- Intel better donate to them next time they need salt and equipment. MY company would have. Now Intel's whining and losing money, but if they had foresight to be good neighbors in the community and help out, there would be no problem.

      --
      Buckle your ROFL belt, we're in for some LOLs.
    22. Re:What a fucked up move by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      Really? What's wrong with you people? In Alaska. Alaska, FFS. They never use salt. Ever. You plow. You put down dirt/gravel at intersections. And you slow down. Done.

      Oh, and for those that will bring up that the tires are studded, I never used studded tires, and many people don't. I was hoping that the state would ban them (the level of damage they do to the roads in absurd, and the ruts they create cause more damage than the loss of the studs would), but they'll never get around to it, despite comments about it every year. What was I saying? Oh yeah. If Alaska can get away with never salting a road, with Anchorage near the top of annual snowfall for the US and not seeing the ground from November to March or May from all the snow that never melts, then anyone else (including Ireland) should be able to cope without salt. It's bad for the environment, and doesn't improve safety, just traffic speed.

    23. Re:What a fucked up move by rabtech · · Score: 1

      Indeed, this is often the problem in the Dallas area, so we have a lot of sympathy for them. The Chicago/New England arseholes like to point and laugh because people freak out over a single day of snow with 3 inches of accumulation, but our problem isn't that it snows/ices like this. The problem is that it only happens for an average of 1-2 days per winter. Some winters we have zero ice and snow. Others we have 5 days, but never more than a week.

      How can you justify a huge fleet of salt trucks, snow plows, people, and training for something that only happens rarely? How can you expect 5 million people to have snow chains, etc when they might use them once every 10 years? The answer is that you don't - everyone just rushes home and the whole city takes a day or two off, then resumes business as normal when things thaw.

      There are large degrees of severity with snow/ice, only an ignorant person would assume that everyone lives under the same circumstances as they do.

      --
      Natural != (nontoxic || beneficial)
    24. Re:What a fucked up move by richlv · · Score: 1

      To which the answer is "have deep snow and persistent below-freezing temperatures every winter, so that you can justify the expense of maintaining the infrastructure and experience to deal with it".

      i'm not sure about that. first, it might be hard to find a suggestion to drop fertilizer on roads.
      second, even countries with snow coming every winter have problems with it (well, at least ours does...), so there are lessons to learn on how to cope with it anyway.
      a few years ago (economic boom nshit) there were lots and lots of complaints about roads not being clean and dry during winters. that's below zero and snowing. authorities responded by oversalting the shit out of everything and (better) sending out snowploughs all the time.
      come crisis, and for the better part of the winter there are no complaints about it anymore. it's way below zero, roads are MUCH worse than before (some had ~ 40cm "wall" between opposing lanes for some time), but somehow people cope with it. one might even say - take more responsibility. despite of the worsening economic situation (not everybody getting new winter tires), i personally observed way less cars going off the road this winter (completely anecdotal experience from using countries busiest highway every day).

      so, instead of oversalting or dropping contaminating shit on roads i'd expect a message like "it's fucking winter and we haven't seen one in 20 years. DEAL WITH IT. be responsible and reasonable."

      --
      Rich
    25. Re:What a fucked up move by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      In some places we use volcanic cinders for road grit. In Ireland I imagine the sensible thing would be to use sand. Using salt is a huge fucking failure. Using fertilizer is completely retarded. Know what's even more insane? Using any kind of salt to maintain roads instead of using a more reasonable alternative than a bunch of stupid cars. But seriously, sand. There ought to be plenty available.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    26. Re:What a fucked up move by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Huh? Here in Sitka we use salt. In fact, a couple of years ago some Greenies were all bent out of shape that spraying salt on the roads was bad for the environment. Of course, this makes no sense at all since the all of the roads here are within 100 meters of the world's largest collection of salt - the Pacific ocean. Nothing like a little rational thought now and again.

      Perhaps in Anchorage (which, to the uninitiated, isn't really Alaska - it's a portion of 'outside' that got moved north) it's too cold for salt to do much good.

      But it's quite common in Southeast.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    27. Re:What a fucked up move by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      Go visit Fairbanks sometimes. They don't do jack up there at -40. The air is so still that the exhaust from the cars settle on the dry roads and make the intersections polished ice. Even studs don't work, and they don't drop anything, salt, sand, or such.

      And I've never seen them do anything in Kodiak, but I wasn't there that long. They just drive through the slush. It should be similar to the southeast, but I wasn't there that long to be sure they don't use anything.

    28. Re:What a fucked up move by evilviper · · Score: 1

      How can you justify a huge fleet of salt trucks, snow plows, people, and training for something that only happens rarely? How can you expect 5 million people to have snow chains, etc when they might use them once every 10 years? The answer is that you don't - everyone just rushes home and the whole city takes a day or two off, then resumes business as normal when things thaw.

      I have snow chains, and I live in Southern California, down where it NEVER snows. I bought them after the ONE TIME I did end up driving on the freeway through a couple inches of snow and ice in a mountain-pass. I've only used them once since, but they stay in the back of my car through winter, on the off chance there's a patch of snow or ice anywhere I need to go. They aren't expensive, so I don't see the difficulty, just a lot of people with an terrible mindset.

      And what's more, snow chains really aren't required. My relatives way, way, way up north don't even have a set for any of their cars, despite routine heavy snow and common -20F temperatures. The difference is learning how to drive. Admittedly, you don't expect someone who has never seen snow to drive well in it the first time around, but after the second snow day, the majority of the population should be able to handle the spinning wheels, and actually driving carefully.

      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
    29. Re:What a fucked up move by itsdapead · · Score: 1

      They aren't expensive, so I don't see the difficulty, just a lot of people with an terrible mindset.

      Of course, you've probably got the common sense to take them off when you get past the snow... Our roads are in a bad enough state after a few weeks of daily freezing and thawing without a million morons driving around on chains.

      And what's more, snow chains really aren't required. My relatives way, way, way up north don't even have a set for any of their cars, despite routine heavy snow and common -20F temperatures.

      Yes, well, since you admit to living where it never snows you can be forgiven for not understanding that snow and ice at -20F are a hell of a lot less slippery than continually melting and re-freezing snow and ice at or around freezing point.

      --
      In a survey of 100 programmers, 111111 thought that duck-typing was a good idea.
    30. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In Finland, we don't salt colder roads but just plow them and let them stay snowy and icy because snowy and icy roads are not all that slippery when all the cars have (mandatory, mostly studded) winter tires on.

    31. Re:What a fucked up move by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why they even bother salting roads when there is -12 degrees Celsius? Salting is only sensible when there is about -4 degrees (at least that is a rule of thumb here in Finland). Also, using fertilizers is so completely boneheaded move because that's plain and simple polluting. I guess that someone made a risk analysis and decided that polluting groundwater supplies causes less deaths than icy roads. But I can't help but wonder what the long-term effects are for environment and groundwater.

      And GB and Ireland is allready the largest polluters of the Balitic Sea, were most likely also most of this piss ends up. More of the shit GB and Ireland pour out travels by streams to pollute the Baltic Sea, than whats stays and pollute their own islands. Add to injure this is also the area where most of the air pollution from Germany and quite a lot of the Brittish air pollution end up.

    32. Re:What a fucked up move by evilviper · · Score: 1

      Yes, well, since you admit to living where it never snows you can be forgiven for not understanding that snow and ice at -20F are a hell of a lot less slippery than continually melting and re-freezing snow and ice at or around freezing point.

      I remain unconvinced by your unsupported assertion that your world doesn't follow the basic principles of physics, and therefore you've got it so much harder than the rest of the world...

      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
    33. Re:What a fucked up move by jrincayc · · Score: 1

      I think that ice is somewhat more slippery near 0C, because then the pressure from the tire or boot causes some melting. Friction is a function of the temperature of the point of contact.

  11. Gritting is just silly by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I find all this gritting of roads silly.

    What would be more logical would be spike-wheel attachments for cars! Doubly as fun too!
    Now i CAN blame the snow for spiking my enemies to death with my car.

    1. Re:Gritting is just silly by beyonddeath · · Score: 2, Interesting

      They sell studable winter tires, although in many places they are illegal, for the reason you pointed out, plus they destroy the pavement. On the up side, if you can use them, I hear you can stick to ice as if it were pavement. Though with modern winter tires, even 10" of snow isnt a major issue even for most vehicles. I have only had issues in my corolla with Gislavid winter tires when the snow was high enough to start coming up the hood and over the windshied. If i stopped I couldnt get moving forward again wthout reversing and making a running start at it.

  12. Use Irish Whiskey instead . . . by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 3, Funny

    Alcohol melts ice, right? And Ireland is awash in whiskey . . . well at least Killinaskully seems to be. So they could have sprayed whiskey on the roads instead of fertilizer.

    Of course, the road crews would ask:

    "So we're to be spraying good whiskey on the roads to clear them of ice, are we? Do ye mind if we pass that whiskey through our kidneys first?"

    I'm not sure what effect whiskey in the water supply would have on Intel's manufacturing process, but the public wouldn't mind having a wee bit in their morning tee.

    Actually, the general public would be so toasted that wouldn't give a damn about Intel.

    --
    Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    1. Re:Use Irish Whiskey instead . . . by bigdaisy · · Score: 5, Informative

      You are closer to the truth than you think: the fertilizer they were spreading was actually urea!

    2. Re:Use Irish Whiskey instead . . . by zippthorne · · Score: 1

      Isn't that the stuff they put on pretzels to make them golden-brown?

      --
      Can you be Even More Awesome?!
    3. Re:Use Irish Whiskey instead . . . by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

      Germany and/or Austria used wine for a while after the big scandal about wine adulterated with illegal sweeteners like ethylene glycol.

    4. Re:Use Irish Whiskey instead . . . by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I remember seeing something on the tv about whiskey a byproduct being used as an ideal deicer also.

      I can't find it by google though ... maybe someone else will have better luck? It's basically the crap left over during the refinement process.

  13. There are different type of salts by aepervius · · Score: 2, Informative

    rock salts can go down to -12 or something If I recall correctly, whereas afterward you have to use other type of salt (potassium or calcium chlorid?) which go down to -22C.

    --
    C. Sagan : A demon haunted world:
    http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345409469/
    visit randi.org
    1. Re:There are different type of salts by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      So they should have just sprayed a fine layer of Guinness? That would provide a nice thermal blanket for the roads, traction, and by the time the head forms you'd know it's time to spray again.

  14. Re:Brain Filters? Hello? by maxume · · Score: 1

    They did. The plan is to take the plant offline.

    I guess they might work with the local government to make sure they have enough salt in the future (by paying for extra storage or whatever).

    --
    Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  15. But salt. by leuk_he · · Score: 1

    Normally they would use salt for roads. Salt cannot be removed either by filtration. I think ammonia get filtered by active coal, but salt not?

    anyway, the beer they make will taste worse with fertilizer thatn with salt.

    1. Re:But salt. by zippthorne · · Score: 1

      You want to use active charcoal, as it has two things that are very important: the carbon itself, and the huge surface area due to the pores. Actual coal has a pretty low surface area for its volume.

      --
      Can you be Even More Awesome?!
  16. Similar thing happened to Inmos in the 70's by twisting_department · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Strangely enough Inmos had a similar pollution problem caused by the local water company in south Wales:

    What had actually happened, as we found out three months later, was that on Christmas Eve the engineers at the local reservoir decided to celebrate. They were supposed to stay on site, so what they did was to dump 100 times the standard level of chlorine into the water supply, then go off and have a Christmas party. That chlorine totally ruined our semiconductor plant. The result was that the Americans said, "These Brits don't know what they're doing. Get rid of them!". The semiconductor facility was taken away and put under the control of the Americans who were deemed to understand these things.

    Seems the the Yanks can't defend themselves against this sort of thing either! http://www.cs.manchester.ac.uk/CCS/res/res33.htm/

  17. Superfund site karma by AHuxley · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The sites intel left in the USA to be cleaned up by the US gov.
    A generation later Intel now needs its water cleaning up.

    --
    Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    1. Re:Superfund site karma by MattskEE · · Score: 2, Informative

      Since you didn't cite anything, I will do so from the first Google result. From IntelSuperfundCleanup.com

      Low levels (less than 1 part per million [ppm] or 1,000 parts per billion [ppb]) of VOCs were detected in ground water at two Intel facilities
      (Santa Clara 3 and Magnetics) and more significant levels were detected at a third facility (Mountain View "Lot 3"). Since these discoveries, Intel has very aggressively cleaned up these sites. By early 1986, all site source areas had been removed and ground water extraction and treatment systems (GWETS) had been installed and were operating to cleanup and contain residual VOCs in ground water.

      Your inflammatory rhetoric does not seem to be backed up, as the pollution sounds small (though extant), and Intel has actively participated in the cleanup. Did you have any actual information to support your assertion?

    2. Re:Superfund site karma by pclminion · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Nice omission of detail there, buddy. http://intelsuperfundcleanup.com/

      In early 1982, concern about widespread contamination in the area's shallow ground water led the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Water Board) to send chemical use questionnaires to over 2,000 facilities regarding the use of hazardous materials. Intel Corporation (Intel) was among the few questionnaire recipients that responded proactively by installing ground water monitoring wells adjacent to their underground chemical storage tanks. Intel also responded with a full inventory of all chemicals used in its operations.

      Although it was evident by the late 1980s that the VOC contamination at Santa Clara 3 and Magnetics was minor, these sites became federal Superfund sites on the National Priority List (NPL) because they were among the handful of sites that had sufficient data to be evaluated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for inclusion on the NPL.

      In other words, the Intel sites became Superfund sites because Intel, unlike so many other manufacturers, actually responded to environmental investigations with COPIOUS information -- such comprehensive information is rarely acquired, and so Superfund took this project under its wing mostly to praise Intel for their proactiveness. By omitting the relevant details you make it sound like Intel was injecting dioxins into aquifers or something like that.

  18. "Filtration" ?? WTF?? by braindump · · Score: 2, Informative

    I just don't get this. Chip fabs don't filter water, they force it through reverse osmosis, and then deionize it. It doesn't matter what's in the water to begin with, after that process is complete, there's absolutely nothing left. This story therefore, makes no sense.

    --
    Ah, fuck it
    1. Re:"Filtration" ?? WTF?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      RO is just one step of many to make Ultra Pure Water - Urea has been a problem in semiconductor fabs for a long time - enough can sneak through the reverse osmosis, electrodeionization, ion exchange, etc, to get incorporated in the photoresist, which then breaks down under the UV light when it gets exposed, and splits into two ammonia molecules, which shifts the pH and causes under cutting of the photoresist. Intel in Portland OR added a few million dollars of processing equipment to react out the urea before it can cause a problem.

      How do I know all of this? I make 20,000 gallons per day of Nano-Research grade water, which is even purer than semiconductor fab water. Which means I hang out with the all the ultrapure water people from Intel, TI, AMD, IBM, etc

      Urea contamination is old news........

    2. Re:"Filtration" ?? WTF?? by Greyfox · · Score: 1

      For a second there I though you were going to say you make 20,000 gallons of urea a day, which would be a pretty impressive feat...

      --

      I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

    3. Re:"Filtration" ?? WTF?? by neurospyder · · Score: 1

      Not for the Irish!

  19. Reverse osmosis.... by BarneyRabble · · Score: 1

    That could take care of the pure water problem. But I am not sure Intel thought of that with all that brain power there.

  20. AMD by mikey177 · · Score: 1

    it was a inside job put out by AMD to slow them down and get ahead of the compatation.

    1. Re:AMD by Sulphur · · Score: 1

      Could they truck in some water from the Irish Spring?

      Seriously, should we be looking at high dams as a source of pressurized water for reverse osmosis.

      --

      compatation. Its what couch potatoes do.

  21. Need Pure? Be Filtering Anyway. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So, if Intel needed pure water before this "leak" it would certainly have been filtering its water...

    No News Here... move along

  22. Is this backwards? by ridabug · · Score: 1, Funny

    So a county polluted the water supply of production facility.....

  23. filters work to make water pure by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    They may not want to spend the money on a real purifying system. They are very expensive but the water will have a greater than 18 megaohm resistance. I work in a pharmaceutical plant and our water is what they call nanopure. We have a Reverse Osmosis deionizing system. The water that goes in has visible rust or dirt floaties. The ions in our water are removed. A conductivity meter reads 0 microsemens at the faucet. It is possible to have clean water, but it'll cost.

    The really bad part is that most people don't have any kind of filtration system at home so they will be drinking all the fertilizer contamination. Cheap, but decently performing RO systems can be had for 200 bucks in the States. I got one that takes incoming 250-400ppm total dissolved solid city water and outputs 10-20 ppm water. purewaterclub.com is where I got mine. took a bit of effort to fix leaky connectors, but for the price some of that was expected.

    1. Re:filters work to make water pure by Hognoxious · · Score: 3, Funny

      They are very expensive but the water will have a greater than 18 megaohm resistance.

      The resistance rather depends on how much of it you have and how it's arranged. Put it another way: resistance is not a property of substances.

      The ions in our water are removed. A conductivity meter reads 0 microsemens

      That's inconceivable. I'd expect it to be a little ova that.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  24. What's amazing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    is the utter arrogance of Slashdot readers who think that a town council should consider Intel's interests before doing their job. Intel is most probably not the only business in town, nor the only large ratepayer.

    1. Re:What's amazing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Have a drink from the faucet lately? Is it kool-aid flavored yet?

  25. Only -12 that is not cold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In Canada last December we hit -52c with a windchill of -60. Not only that but we were only the second coldest place on the planet. That title belonged to somewhere in Siberia, I pity those poor Russians.

    Once it hits that cold the roads are no longer icy and it is much like driving on bare pavement. I was really doubting global warming that day.

    1. Re:Only -12 that is not cold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, a lot of irish people have canadian relatives. A common comment during the freeze was how ill-prepared our country is for even the slightest cold snap compared to canada. Shrug. Ireland is not known for extremes of climate apart from endless rain and fog (people, especially tourists, sometimes still manage to die of exposure, not realising how quickly you lose body heat to the saturated air). So they'll buy up a load of cold supplies now, and then three years from now get criticised for wasting taxpayer money on storing and maintaining big piles of salt and grit, garages of snowploughs etc. So stuff will slowly get used up, moved about, used for other stuff, sold to other countries, then in another 15 years, there'll be another cold snap, and people will be like "why was the government so ill prepared", etc., etc. Lather, rinse, repeat.

  26. Beer & Whiskey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    This is why Beer was the drink of choice for so long. People drank beer day and night because... The water wasn't safe to drink.

    1. Re:Beer & Whiskey by zippthorne · · Score: 1

      Sort of, but it's not the alcohol, but the hops that made the water safe.

      --
      Can you be Even More Awesome?!
  27. The Road to Kairo by Antiocheian · · Score: 1

    The guy who is responsible for that, should be transferred to cleaning public urinals in Kairo.

    1. Re:The Road to Kairo by RoboRay · · Score: 1

      Kairo? Is that the KDE version of Cairo?

    2. Re:The Road to Kairo by Antiocheian · · Score: 1

      oops!

  28. Use water synthesis Re:Water Filters? Hello? by La+Gris · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Use water synthesis:

    1. Buy hydrogen and oxygen.
    2. Burn the pure hydrogen with pure oxygen into a fuel cell.
    3. Get electricity in the process
    4. Get pure water

    Sure, the process would not be cheep.

    --
    Léa Gris
    1. Re:Use water synthesis Re:Water Filters? Hello? by Zencyde · · Score: 1

      One could also use electrolysis to do this. I bet a system could be devised to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen and then back again.

      --
      What day is it? Could you please tell me?
    2. Re:Use water synthesis Re:Water Filters? Hello? by cyfer2000 · · Score: 1

      Are you sure the glass fiber reinforced perfluoric acid polymer membranes, the platinum colloid particles and carbon particles in fuel cell don't leave anything in the water?

      --
      There is a spark in every single flame bait point.
    3. Re:Use water synthesis Re:Water Filters? Hello? by dbIII · · Score: 1

      So tell me then, how do you keep ammonia and other contaminants from getting into the oxygen as it bubbles up from the electrode and then getting into your water?
      Some things are not easy to do. If this was as easy as "mim" suggested we probably wouldn't have heard about it. This is one of those questions like "why is the sky blue" which get harder to answer the more you know about the topic.

  29. Sales tax / VAT rates by wflynn · · Score: 1

    Sales taxes in the US are low by European standards, nearly all of which are in the 15% to 25% range. However I find it much easier in Europe as the VAT is included in the price displayed, rather than added on at the till like US sales taxes.

    1. Re:Sales tax / VAT rates by Xtravar · · Score: 1

      I would prefer a built-in tax, too, for the simplicity. Although that would probably encourage tax hikes since we can't really see what slice the government is getting.

      --
      Buckle your ROFL belt, we're in for some LOLs.
  30. winter tires. by wflynn · · Score: 1

    It wold be nearly unheard of for anyone in Ireland to have winter / snow tires, as they might only be needed for a couple of days every few years. The normal adverse weather we have to contend with is rain, at any time of the year.

    1. Re:winter tires. by cynyr · · Score: 1

      but was here really a huge pile of snow? or was it more like a thin layer of ice? thin layer of ice + careful attentive driving == no issues.

      /me lives in MN, USA

      --
      All of the above was encrypted with a Quad ROT-13 method. Unauthorized decryption is in violation of the DMCA.
  31. cold? by Mishotaki · · Score: 1

    Wait, -12 C is extreme cold? then what is our current -21 C in Canada? it's not even in the extremes!

  32. Slashdot is a strange place.... by ZedNaught · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Water supplies in the US and around the world are being contaminated to unsafe levels by industrial waste, agricultural runoff and mining effluent on a daily basis. Nobody cares until Intel can't use it to make chips? Slashdot is a strange place....

    1. Re:Slashdot is a strange place.... by BradleyUffner · · Score: 1

      Water supplies in the US and around the world are being contaminated to unsafe levels by industrial waste, agricultural runoff and mining effluent on a daily basis.
      Nobody cares until Intel can't use it to make chips? Slashdot is a strange place....

      Nobody cares because the only pollution that matters any more is Carbon.

  33. What are these "councils"? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm always reading stories about how in Britain this council or that council has done something stupid. I think they're similar to American townhouse owner's committees. Usually well-meaning but often ignorant and almost always drunk with perceived power.

  34. Govt and Clean Earth by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Let me get this straight...

    An evil corporation needs perfectly clean water and does what it needs to for keeping the water that way so they can continue to produce.

    The "good" government, who are the "only people that can keep corporations from polluting" polluted a water supply which prevented a corporation from continuing production.

    Why is it the government is always blaming others for stuff it is actually responsible for doing?

  35. Urea not the crazy pollution made out to be here. by anethema · · Score: 1

    Urea is used all the time in place of salt because it will melt ice without the corrosive effects of salt. Pretty much every airport on earth uses it to de-ice its runways already.

    --


    It's easier to fight for one's principles than to live up to them.
  36. FRIST PSOT! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    FRIST PSOT!

  37. lol by Weezul · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    I've no idea what idiot wanted to put a chip manufacturing plant in Ireland however. Tax haven maybe? Does that really counter the employees all being alcoholic? Or are your hiring French, Portuguese, etc. to run the place?

    --
    The Christian religion has been and still is the principal enemy of moral progress in the world. -- Bertrand Russell