Apple AirPlay Private Key Exposed
An anonymous reader writes "James Laird has reverse engineered the Airport Express private key and published an open source AirPort Express emulator. 'My girlfriend moved house, and her Airport Express no longer made it with her wireless access point. I figured it'd be easy to find an ApEx emulator — there are several open source apps out there to play to them. However, I was disappointed to find that Apple used a public-key crypto scheme, and there's a private key hiding inside the ApEx. So I took it apart (I still have scars from opening the glued case!), dumped the ROM, and reverse engineered the keys out of it.'"
Apple is going to make life a royal pain in the ass for this guy for releasing this publicly...
-SaNo
If you extract the ROM out of an Apple device, is that a core dump?
Be relentless!
I like how easy he makes it sound :-)
Things you need to hack the Airport Express:
1. Girlfriend
2. A pinch of dissappointment
3. Wilingness to break open glued Apple casing
If only we had more people like this around; people willing and able to void the warranty and hack things. I know there are a few, but every story like this is great. James, good work!
Score one for the good guys. This is just further proof that security through obscurity is a myth. You cannot expect that keeping everything locked inside your proprietary case is going to keep it secure. The best security is sunlight. Let the community poke and prod at your software and/or hardware and it will only improve your offering.
Social Engineering Expert: Because there is no patch for stupidity.
This guy should just meekly accept that his girlfriend's expensive gadgets don't work for her anymore. How dare he tinker around and fix things. (At least I think they imported some flavor of the DMCA down under.)
Does this mean we can finally get an iTunes-alike that can work with iTunes 7+ library sharing?
Two things that appear to be true about the author of the article and not about you:
1. The author's first language was not English
2. The author has a girlfriend.
Between English tenses and a hot European chick, I know which one I'd prefer to be conjugating.
Women are like electronics: you don't know how damaged they are until you try to turn them on.
Here's the key on the VideoLan boards.
Airport RSA Key
he did a post to the vlc-devel list here, http://mailman.videolan.org/pipermail/vlc-devel/2011-April/079616.html It private rsa key is there, might be a good thing to download, if you are worried apple might do something stupid.
Here's the code you would have find on that page. I saved it earlier, here you go: http://www.multiupload.com/0EUN2QKDMT (Yes, it does include something like a private key. Don't ask me if it's THAT key, I don't know.)
From the README:
"Thanks also to Apple for obfuscating the private key in the ROM image, using a
scheme that made the deobfuscation code itself stand out like a flare."
How long before we see some hacked firmware for normal routers, I wonder?
That's a great idea... but I can't seem to find the audio-out on my Linksys router ...
I bought one once. I set up the network for a small organization and every time there was any kind of problem they blamed the WiFi router and called me. I bought a Airport and threw that in there instead. Now they have just as many problems but they assume that the Apple product cannot possibly be the issue, and I have not received a complaint from them since. It has been a almost two years. It was well worth the $180 to me.
Go green: turn off your refrigerator.
And here's a post which may or may not receive a takedown notice from Apple. Remove the extra spaces inserted to evade the lameness filter.
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- /+sG+NCK3eQJVxqcaJ/vEHKIVd 2M+5qL71yJQ+87X6oV3eaYvt3zWZYD6z5vYTcrtij2VZ9Zmni/
MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEA59dE8qLie ItsH1WgjrcFRKj6eUWqi+bGLOX1HL3U3GhC/j0Qg90u3sG/1CUt
wC5vOYvfDmFI6oSFXi5ELabWJ mT2dKHzBJKa3k9ok+8t9ucRqMd6DZHJ2YCCLlDRKSKv6kDqnw4U
wPdpOMXziC/AMj3Z/lUVX1G7W SHCAWKf1zNS1eLvqr+boEjXuBOitnZ/bDzPHrTOZz0Dew0uowxf
UAaHqn9JdsBWLUEpVviYnhimN VvYFZeCXg/IdTQ+x4IRdiXNv5hEewIDAQABAoIBAQDl8Axy9XfW
BLmkzkEiqoSwF0PsmVrPzH9Ks nwLGH+QZlvjWd8SWYGN7u1507HvhF5N3drJoVU3O14nDY4TFQAa
LlJ9VM35AApXaLyY1ERrN7u9AL Kd2LUwYhM7Km539O4yUFYikE2nIPscEsA5ltpxOgUGCY7b7ez5
NtD6nL1ZKauw7aNXmVAvmJTcuP xWmoktF3gDJKK2wxZuNGcJE0uFQEG4Z3BrWP7yoNuSK3dii2jm
lpPHr0O/KnPQtzI3eguhe0TwUem/e YSdyzMyVx/YpwkzwtYL3sR5k0o9rKQLtvLzfAqdBxBurciz
aaA/L0HIgAmOit1GJA2saMxTVPNh AoGBAPfgv1oeZxgxmotiCcMXFEQEWflzhWYTsXrhUIuz5jFu
a39GLS99ZEErhLdrwj8rDDViRVJ5s kOp9zFvlYAHs0xh92ji1E7V/ysnKBfsMrPkk5KSKPrnjndM
oPdevWnVkgJ5jxFuNgxkOLMuG9i53 B4yMvDTCRiIPMQ++N2iLDaRAoGBAO9v//mU8eVkQaoANf0Z
oMjW8CN4xwWA2cSEIHkd9AfFkftuv8 oyLDCG3ZAf0vrhrrtkrfa7ef+AUb69DNggq4mHQAYBp7L+
k5DKzJrKuO0r+R0YbY9pZD1+/g9dVt9 1d6LQNepUE/yY2PP5CNoFmjedpLHMOPFdVgqDzDFxU8hL
AoGBANDrr7xAJbqBjHVwIzQ4To9pb4B NeqDndk5Qe7fT3+/H1njGaC0/rXE0Qb7q5ySgnsCb3DvA
cJyRM9SJ7OKlGt0FMSdJD5KG0XPIpA VNwgpXXH5MDJg09KHeh0kXo+QA6viFBi21y340NonnEfdf
54PX4ZGS/Xac1UK+pLkBB+zRAoGAf0 AY3H3qKS2lMEI4bzEFoHeK3G895pDaK3TFBVmD7fV0Zhov
17fegFPMwOII8MisYm9ZfT2Z0s5Ro3s5r kt+nvLAdfC/PYPKzTLalpGSwomSNYJcB9HNMlmhkGzc
1JnLYT4iyUyx6pcZBmCd8bD0iwY/FzcgN DaUmbX9+XDvRA0CgYEAkE7pIPlE71qvfJQgoA9em0gI
LAuE4Pu13aKiJnfft7hIjbK+5kyb3TysZvoyD nb3HOKvInK7vXbKuU4ISgxB2bB3HcYzQMGsz1qJ
2gG0N5hvJpzwwhbhXqFKA4zaaSrw622wD niAK5MlIE0tIAKKP4yxNGjoD2QYjhBGuhvkWKaXTyY=
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Now what the hell's an AirPlay and what good is it to me?
Oh, it's an Apple-proprietary media streaming protocol? Well, I give an A+ for l33tness, but an F for choosing a useful target.
"When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
The airport express is 99 bucks I believe. If my stupid work firewall didn't block the "apple everything" then I could look and see. I know I've seen them for $89 and $79 at times... Throw 3 or 4 around your house, they're awesome just for the airplay aspect, regardless of the other features (router, printer sharing).
Ocean is land, covered with water.
He was specifically referring to the Airport Express, which retails for $99. [link]
And for that pricetag, you get the ability to stream music from basically any device on the network (server, laptop, iPhone, etc.) to wherever the Airport is. You also get wireless printing.
I shouldn't be surprised that a guy, when confronted with a broken Airport Express, would go through all the effort of breaking it open, dumping the ROM, and reverse engineering the private key. People get curious, people like to tinker, and the human race is better for it. But, on the other hand, you can pick up an Airport Express for $25-$50 on craiglist or ebay and saved yourself a whole lot of trouble.
http://mafipulation.org/static/shairport-0.02.tar.gz. c source code and perl script included. Link still working as I post this.
"Actually, I enjoyed this in the same vague, horrible way I enjoyed the A-Team" P. Opus
The ROM doesn't just contain data; it contains both code and data. Reverse engineering the code was necessary to determine where in the code/data the private key was located. They could have put it anywhere on the ROM.
You're pro-open source, so that makes you a "good guy"? I like chocolate, you like vanilla, ergo, I am good, you are bad.
Does being pro-freedom make you a good guy? Does believing that everyone should have free access make you a good guy? Does helping your others make you a good guy?
Free software ideology isn't about the end product, it isn't chocolate versus vanilla, it is about process and access: how do we choose what gets made, how do we make it, who gets to make it and who gets access to what has been made?
Complexity Happens
So, was she impressed?
The airport express is $99 and is one of the few consumer routers that properly supports ipv6
Could someone familiar with Apple stuff please explain
what exactly this key is for?
Why would a wifi AP need a secret key?
That's amazing! I've got the same combination on my luggage!
If Apple follows the same tactics as Sony, then he doesn't need to worry. People will come around to remove his harddrives for him soon enough!
No one time pad. Less space than a TrueCrypt container. Lame.
I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
how do we choose what gets made
By either making it yourself, or by purchasing something made by someone else only when it fits all your particular requirements.
how do we make it, who gets to make it and who gets access to what has been made?
If you truly value freedom, and not just freedom for you and those who agree with your particular worldview, you don't 'choose' those things. You allow people to be free to make whatever they like however they like and you react to those choices as above.
Apple's products are Apple's right up to the point where they sell them to you. If they choose to not make the source code for their software available and sell it only as a compiled version, that is their choice. If they choose to offer only their own means on installing additional software, their choice.
To argue they should be obligated differently is fine with me, but to cloak that under the guise of promoting 'freedom' is not.
"Sacrifice for the good of The State" - The State
The DCMA has an exception for reverse engineering for compatibility. In this case, the private key is not protecting content, it is protecting Apple's monopoly on interoperating with iDevices in a particular way, so it was fair game.
I replaced my wife with a laptop too! The sex has never been better!
Copyright 2010. All rights reserved. This comment may not be copied in any way including, but not limited to caching.
From: http://www.cocoadev.com/index.pl?AirTunesEncryption
The Apple-Challenge / Apple-Response is iTunes' method to verify that it's talking to an Airport Express; it may be similar to the DAAP one which has been reverse-engineered. These headers are optional when talking to the Airport Express, so it's possible for other programs to talk to the Express but it'll be difficult to get iTunes to talk to something other than the Airport Express.
Until we get the private key out of the AirPortExpress, it's not possible to convince iTunes to send anything to a non-AirPortExpress client (say, another computer pretending to be an AirPortExpress).
Seems that problem has now been solved.
By "streaming music" I mean that it has an audio-out port: you can plug it directly into a stereo and play the music from your computer (or other wireless device on the local network) to your stereo. Most wireless routers don't do that: you usually need some additional piece of equipment to bridge from the network to your audio gear (e.g. a Sonos player). Also, the bit about wireless printing also isn't facile: the Airport Express has a built-in print server and a USB port for connecting printers to it. There are other wireless routers with that feature, but it is hardly universal. So in addition to being a fine wireless router for slinging bits around the aether it also has some very useful network-to-real-world features that make it more useful than a commodity router. And, when the Airport Express first came out 5-6 six years ago, this combination of features was unique in a wireless router, particularly at that price point.
Like IP or not, the Constitution speaks to patent and copyright. I happen to believe that IP laws can, but not always do in practice, increase innovation. As an Apple stockholder, I'd prefer people don't hack their products, and that Steve Jobs decides how Apple software will be designed. You might disagree, and think other people's intellectual property should be "free," but it doesn't make you a good guy, except, apparently here on Mod Abuse Central, where I got modded "flamebait" for daring to not toe the party line. Real flame there!
So no, you're entitled to your views, but imposing them on someone else does not make you good. It makes you kind of officious actually. And people who modded me flamebait for saying it, you are definitely not good.
Slashdot "libertarians": Small government for me, big government for those I disagree with. -1, I disagree with you
If Apple wants to lock things away, how does going public help? Would the public shoot themselves in the foot by improving the protection on Apple's tools? Would the public help perfect DRM to keep the important stuff locked away from themselves? Or would we just take it and do what *we* want with it? Opening everything may be for the ultimate good, but that's not what Apple cares about. So of course they're going to go with obscurity. Which for-profit businesses are altruistic?
Twinstiq, game news
Not dumb. You're assuming it's just some sort of wireless router or access point. It does more.
It has audio out and a USB connector. Audio out can be connected to speakers, so you can take music that you're listening to on your iPod and say, play this in the Living Room. The airport express in the living room can then start playing your audio to the hi-fi. I'm not sure if you can do it from the iPad, but paying from iTunes you should also be able to play multiroom audio if you have several Airport Express.
Similarly you can print to a printer attached by USB to an airport express.
Because the audio jack fits just right?
Most WiFi routers do not have a 3.5mm audio out jack. A vast number do not have USB ports which will recognize printers and drives (and even work with USB hubs so you can have both).
He doesnt mean you can stream from 1 PC to another, or print to a network printer, or a printer attached to another PC. Plug speakers into Airport Express. Stream music to Airport Express. Music comes out of speakers. No further PC required.
OMG... I have a sig?
Are you honestly suggesting that he killed his wife over open vs. closed source?
What ? No ! I was refuting the assertion that liking open source makes you a good guy. You can be an open source guy and still be a murderous asshole. So :
Q > Does being pro-freedom make you a good guy? Does believing that everyone should have free access make you a good guy? Does helping your others make you a good guy?
A > No (or more accurately: not necessarily)
If all else fails, immortality can always be assured by spectacular error.
Then he will just need to pull the new key out of the firmware update. The cat is already out of the bag so to speak.
Thanks for that. One thing about getting older is that your memory doesn't dish up all the bits you need on time. So you end up having conversations like this:
Me: Hahaha!
Wife: What's so funny?
Me: Look what this guy wrote: 'That's amazing! I've got the same combination on my luggage!' Haha!
Wife: Why is that funny?
Me [frowning]: I don't know.
Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
What the hell do you have in your luggage that needs THAT?!?
An Airport Express Station.
Everyone is looking at the tree, not the forest. While everyone is going to jump on the "Apple did this to make money" argument, you know a major reason for this key was Apple's way of keeping content providers happy. Now that it's broken, there is a new "analog hole" for audio and video content. It is easy to imagine a computer using this to create a digital media file rather than routing to speakers. I suspect it won't be long before content providers pressure Apple into using secondary data to confirm iTunes is talking to a legit device.
You may be right, but that doesn't mean that he would not be required to prove it in a court of law. 's why SLAPP legislation exists as well. Don't like what someone is doing? Sue them. Either you run them out of money and roll over them in court, or they settle "your way".
What is there to understand?
His girlfriend was the director of programming for Fox and changed the time slot for House. This made her Airport Express mad at her, so it is withholding sex with her other wireless access point as punishment.
I mean, jeez. How hard can it be to understand? Seems pretty straightforward to me.
Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.
Since when has that ever stopped companies from initiating pointless lawsuits?
I8-D
In this case, the private key is not protecting content
It does protect content, somewhat—iTunes decrypts (and decompresses and recompresses as Apple Lossless) DRMed audio before sending it to an Airport Express. Emulating an Airport Express allows one to obtain the decrypted audio, though not in its original oompressed form; it's no more of a hole than burning to a CD.
Either by plugging into a programming interface, or if there is none by removing the ROM chip from its socket or de-soldering it and then reading it with a special device. You do know the basic gist of how a ROM works? You give it voltage, a clock, and an address, and you get a single unit of memory (byte or word). You record the contents of that memory cell, increment the address counter, pulse the clock, and you get the next unit of memory. Etc. Obviously you use a computerized device that does that automatically.