This problem is related to "shelf corporations", ones with no activity that are still considered active. It's an abandoned account problem. What's probably necessary is to "lock" corporations that don't show any activity (annual report, tax return) in 18 months. Some countries and states mark corporations as "inactive" when they are, and may need to tighten up on how "inactive" status is ended.
Some US states, notably Nevada, don't require reports of a change in control. Those are especially vulnerable. Often, the "corporate officers" listed for a Nevada company are all an employee of some "Incorporate in Nevada" service that originally filed the paperwork. So there's no way the state of Nevada can validate that change requests come from a legitimate party.
Some of the religious nuts will probably claim this is bibilical, but more likely, somebody dumped some industrial waste.
Something like that happened in San Jose, CA about twenty years ago. Someone dumped several big industrial plating baths into the sewers all at once. This killed most of the bacteria that digest waste in the sewerage treatment plant. So for about three days, raw sewerage was dumped into the San Francisco Bay. Big mess, especially since there isn't much water flow in the south end of San Francisco Bay to dilute that stuff. It could be both seen and smelled. EPA fined San Jose millions for that.
San Jose found and fined the plating company.
Every time you stop reading for a while, an ad comes up. To get past the ad, you have to click a button. Then it talks to your wifi network and pops up the details of the ad. Then you can finally click again to get back to reading Pride and Prejudice.
That's totally unacceptable. It may well bomb, like binding ad cards into paperback books did in the 1970s and the 2000s.
Where does Amazon get off doing this? They're not the publisher. The device is paid for. The books are paid for.
Bands are harder than they used to be. Policy used to be "2 CD/records on a major label, or significant press coverage". But now CDs are irrelevant.
The other big area of misplaced info in Wikipedia is place-specific information, like "State Highway 99". That belongs in a map-based system.
Personally, I'd like to ship all the popular culture to Wikia, which has the Star [Trek|Gate|Wars|Craft] wikis. Wikia ended up as a repository for fancruft. Wales thought Wikia was going to be the next Google, and he'd be able to buy a private jet. Instead, he just ended up with a big fan site.
In the US, Kickstarter projects are subject to the FTC's Mail Order Rule. The Mail Order Rule basically says that if you order something, it has to be delivered or your money refunded within a specified time. The seller can specify a firm future delivery date, and if they don't, there's a 30 day default. Also, if the seller can't deliver, they must refund your money without you having to ask for it. The seller can ask for more time, but if you don't respond, they have to refund the money. This is a good rule; it keeps the mail order industry honest.
In the early days of the Web, many companies that accepted online orders got into trouble with the mail order rule. Usually, this was because they had online ordering but a paper-based order fulfillment system, and accepted far more orders than they could fill. Then they made excuses rather than refunds. The FTC fined companies for that. Now, everybody serious has the shopping cart system connected to the inventory system, so the order isn't accepted if it can't be shipped.
So Kickstarter companies in the US can get in trouble if they don't deliver. ZionEyes, with their vaporware "HD glasses", ran into this.
It's a schematic (actually, the picture shows a board layout) for an Allwinner A10 (which is a rather impressive ARM-type CPU with peripherals) board in a PCMCIA form factor. Big deal. There are many other Allwinner A10 boards. The Rikomagic MK802 is a small one, and it costs about $60 in quantity 1. It comes loaded with Android, but you can load Ubuntu. If you want this as a "media center" (it can do 1080p HDMI), it's available in various set-top box cases with power supply and remote for around $70. Those can run Ubuntu, too.
It's not clear why you'd want an Allwinner A10 in a PCMCIA form factor. The Allwinner A10 has a sizable set of peripherals on-chip. Ethernet, HDMI, etc. Usually, boards for this part have a whole row of connectors. Bringing out the pins on a PCMCIA connector means you need another board to fan out the peripherals.
The Allwinner itself is a significant product. (Boards for it, not so much.) At $7 in quantity, and requiring no US intellectual property, it's going into tablets, set-top boxes, and anything else that needs a CPU. This is a serious threat to the price points of Intel, Microsoft, and Apple.
This is even showing up in newspapers in China and on China National Radio, which is state-controlled. The state-controlled media point out that Foxconn is run from Taiwan. The city government of Huai has stepped in and send some of the students back to school.
Somebody should raise enough hell to have IPhone 5 shipments seized at US Customs while this issue is resolved. Customs can hold them up to 3 months for investigation.
All goods, wares, articles, and merchandise mined, produced, or manufactured wholly or in part in any foreign country by convict labor or/and forced labor or/and indentured labor under penal sanctions shall not be entitled to entry at any of the ports of the United States, and the importation thereof is hereby prohibited, and the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to prescribe such regulations as may be necessary for the enforcement of this provision....
'Forced labor', as herein used, shall mean all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty for its nonperformance and for which the worker does not offer himself voluntarily. For purposes of this section, the term "forced labor or/and indentured labor" includes forced or indentured child labor.
Anyone now has the right to file a complaint that could result in all iPhone 5 units incoming to the US be impounded at U.S. customs. This includes competitors.
Right. People don't even upgrade PCs, either. 80% of desktops are never opened once they leave the factory.
The future is phones with no connectors. After all, the things already have three or four radios in them,
(cellular, WiFi, Bluetooth, and GPS), and some have inductive charging. So seal the thing up and make it watertight. Maybe even airtight, filled with nitrogen.
In all seriousness though it doesn't all have to be a grid of icons. The tile concept in the Windows Phone is a truly marvellous... ok how about the hexagonal layout of icons in the earlier windows phone surely that's a stroke of brilli....
There are other alternatives. As soon as there are more icons than will fit on the screen, the ease of use of an icon grid breaks down. At that point, the usual options are "pages", scrolling or a hierarchy. All of which break the simple paradigm.
Then, of course, there's "search". When things are known by their icons, rather than a textual name, search is painful.
We're making progress on disclosure. A few years ago, companies screamed when somebody found and published information about a hole in their products. Now the disclosures are given wide distribution by the U.S. Government's anti-terrorist agency.
That sort of thing makes a big difference when big purchasing decisions are being made. "Homeland Security says that company's products are insecure" can easily lose a company a big sale.
Hawala works because it occurs inside a cultural and religious system that has strong penalties for not following thru.
That's why it works between the hawaladars, the people who exchange money. Traditionally, the people at both ends of the transaction were from the same family. The reason it works for their customers is that it's only a money transfer system. If you send a remittance to someone through hawaladars, and it doesn't show up quickly, you'll never use them again, and neither will your friends. Retail users don't keep balances inside the hawala systems. They don't try to act as banks. So, at least at the lower levels, there are no big stored reserves to embezzle.
The trouble with Bitcoin is that it's a transfer system, a storage medium, and a speculative investment. Most of the trouble comes from the last two features.
Does everything have to be a rectangular grid of icons? With a shiny screen?
The video seems to be a video of a phone playing another video showing the battery replacement procedure.
"Gun-metal color"? Right. If they actually made the thing out of Parkerized steel, it would be a great industrial-strength design. But what we're probably seeing is the usual scheduled consumer electronics color rotation from black to white to grey and back to black. Yawn.
The cited article is rather lame. But there's a real issue here that we're going to reach soon. What rights do mobile robots, like self-driving cars have?
As a practical matter, this first came up with some autonomous delivery carts used in hospitals. Originally, they were programmed to be totally submissive about making people get out of their way. They could be stalled indefinitely by people standing and talking in a corridor, or simply by a crowd. They had to be given somewhat more aggressive behaviors to get anything done. There's a serious paper on this: "Go Ahead, Make My Day: Robot conflict resolution by aggressive competition (2000) "
Autonomous vehicles will face this problem in heavy traffic. They will have to deal with harassment. The level of aggressive behavior that will be necessary for, and tolerated from, robot cars has to be worked out. If they're too wimpy, they'll get stuck at on ramps and when making left turns. If they're too aggressive (which, having faster than human reflexes, they might successfully pull off), they'll be hated. So they'll need social feedback on how annoyed people are with them to calibrate their machine learning systems.
I don't know if the Google people have gotten this far yet. The Stanford automatic driving people hadn't, last time I checked.
Professors at private schools may be able to get away with that, but at a state-owned school, where the professor is a public employee, it's a bribe.
Maine Revised Statue 17-A:
17-A 606. IMPROPER COMPENSATION FOR SERVICES
1. A person is guilty of improper compensation for services if:
A. Being a public servant, he solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any pecuniary benefit in return for advice or other assistance in preparing or promoting a bill, contract, claim or other transaction or
proposal as to which he knows that he has or is likely to have an official discretion to exercise
[1975, c. 499, 1 (NEW).]
2. Improper compensation for services is a Class E crime.
"Public servant" - yes, the employer is a unit of the State of Maine.
"Accepts pecunary benefit" - yes, because the professor gets royalties on the book.
"Preparing or promoting a bill, contract..." - yes, because the professor has a deal with the publisher.
"has.. an official discretion to exercise" - yes, because the professor can require students to purchase the book.
All the elements are there. Class E crime. Up to six months incarceration and a $1,000 fine. And, as a convicted felon, barred from most public employment.
Contact the press and the office of the Maine Attorney General.
If UStream actually used the words "Worldcon banned due to copyright infringement", Worldcon can sue for libel. They were falsely and publicly accused of a criminal act.
News is very slow right now. Huge news teams were tied up reporting the GOP convention, which is over, and Hurricane Isaac, which is over. So there wasn't much in the TV pipeline. Neither CNN nor Fox has anything substantive today.
Again only an idiot would call an 50 acre industrial fabrication factory complex, which happens to have a lot of computers, a "tech company"
A modern US manufacturing plant looks a lot more like a "tech company" than Yelp. There will be industrial robots, driverless vehicles, and CNC machine tools. Probably not too many people. If it's a plant that makes some low-cost consumer product, the machinery will be pumping product through at very high speeds, far faster than humans can work. That's "tech".
Many "tech companies" do less tech and more sales than is generally realized.
Yelp is a straight-up sales operation.
Google is a large advertising direct sales force backed by a much smaller technical staff. Google's New York operation is mostly sales reps. Most Apple employees are on the retail side and make, GlassDoor says, $11.80/hour.
Around 2009, right after the big recession crash, it really was like that. I was walking near Union Square at "rush hour", and seeing empty streets. The first time I saw that, I asked a cop if there was some emergency or street blockage, and he said no, it's been like this for a few weeks now.
San Jose was even deader. Very convenient, though; drive downtown, park in empty space in front of building, go in.
For sheer city deadness, it's hard to beat Cleveland at night.
The hip stuff in the SF Bay Area is in Oakland now. NIMBY, Art Murmur, warehouse parties, etc. Space in SF is too expensive. Big art projects are moving up to the Richmond shipyard area. SOMA in SF hasn't had an art scene since the 1990s, before the dot-com boom moved in and took over.
(It's working out well for some friends of mine. One bought a loft in a bad neighborhood across from the Maritime Hall in SOMA before the dot-com boom. The tallest building in SF is now across the street from her. She's going to be able to retire from the value of that loft.)
One of the more useful projects of Homeland Security is to get all the agencies that have first responders connected in emergencies. It's hard, because each agency has their own system and they don't interoperate. Here's the Texas plan. And the Florida plan.
Most of the hard problems have to do with too many people on the air in urban areas. If you're a volunteer department, you're probably not in an urban area and don't have that problem.
If you want something that will Just Work, get high-powered 700MHz public safety band capable VHF FM handhelds and vehicle radios for your own people and get them fitted into your state plan. A few Iridium satellite radios for command personnel and those who really need to talk to the outside world during an incident are helpful. Here's one suitable for fire truck installation. Iridium airtime costs are high, about $1.29 per minute, but in an emergency that's the least of your problems.)
This has come up before, usually in connection with outsourcing. You can't avoid infringement of a process patent by outsourcing part of the process. It gets complicated, but if one party set up a situation so that multi-party infringement was going to happen, they're called the "mastermind".
Interesting. The effect is well under 1%, but above the noise threshold. Observed for radium (a beta emitter) but not europium (an alpha emitter), with the same experimental setup.
Although heat, pressure, and chemical binding have no measurable effect on radioactive decay, external particles hitting an atom certainly can affect radioactive decay. That's how chain reactions and particle accelerators work.
There's a suspicion here that solar neutrinos might be responsible. Beta decay involves the weak nuclear force, while alpha decay involves the strong nuclear force. Neutrinos are known to interact with the weak nuclear force.
The Fermilab accelerator, which can be used as a neutrino generator, was shut down and decommissioned in September 2011. That would have provided a way to test this hypothesis.
Slashdot Mirror
This problem is related to "shelf corporations", ones with no activity that are still considered active. It's an abandoned account problem. What's probably necessary is to "lock" corporations that don't show any activity (annual report, tax return) in 18 months. Some countries and states mark corporations as "inactive" when they are, and may need to tighten up on how "inactive" status is ended.
Some US states, notably Nevada, don't require reports of a change in control. Those are especially vulnerable. Often, the "corporate officers" listed for a Nevada company are all an employee of some "Incorporate in Nevada" service that originally filed the paperwork. So there's no way the state of Nevada can validate that change requests come from a legitimate party.
Some of the religious nuts will probably claim this is bibilical, but more likely, somebody dumped some industrial waste.
Something like that happened in San Jose, CA about twenty years ago. Someone dumped several big industrial plating baths into the sewers all at once. This killed most of the bacteria that digest waste in the sewerage treatment plant. So for about three days, raw sewerage was dumped into the San Francisco Bay. Big mess, especially since there isn't much water flow in the south end of San Francisco Bay to dilute that stuff. It could be both seen and smelled. EPA fined San Jose millions for that. San Jose found and fined the plating company.
Every time you stop reading for a while, an ad comes up. To get past the ad, you have to click a button. Then it talks to your wifi network and pops up the details of the ad. Then you can finally click again to get back to reading Pride and Prejudice.
That's totally unacceptable. It may well bomb, like binding ad cards into paperback books did in the 1970s and the 2000s.
Where does Amazon get off doing this? They're not the publisher. The device is paid for. The books are paid for.
Bands are harder than they used to be. Policy used to be "2 CD/records on a major label, or significant press coverage". But now CDs are irrelevant.
The other big area of misplaced info in Wikipedia is place-specific information, like "State Highway 99". That belongs in a map-based system.
Personally, I'd like to ship all the popular culture to Wikia, which has the Star [Trek|Gate|Wars|Craft] wikis. Wikia ended up as a repository for fancruft. Wales thought Wikia was going to be the next Google, and he'd be able to buy a private jet. Instead, he just ended up with a big fan site.
In the US, Kickstarter projects are subject to the FTC's Mail Order Rule. The Mail Order Rule basically says that if you order something, it has to be delivered or your money refunded within a specified time. The seller can specify a firm future delivery date, and if they don't, there's a 30 day default. Also, if the seller can't deliver, they must refund your money without you having to ask for it. The seller can ask for more time, but if you don't respond, they have to refund the money. This is a good rule; it keeps the mail order industry honest.
In the early days of the Web, many companies that accepted online orders got into trouble with the mail order rule. Usually, this was because they had online ordering but a paper-based order fulfillment system, and accepted far more orders than they could fill. Then they made excuses rather than refunds. The FTC fined companies for that. Now, everybody serious has the shopping cart system connected to the inventory system, so the order isn't accepted if it can't be shipped.
So Kickstarter companies in the US can get in trouble if they don't deliver. ZionEyes, with their vaporware "HD glasses", ran into this.
It's a schematic (actually, the picture shows a board layout) for an Allwinner A10 (which is a rather impressive ARM-type CPU with peripherals) board in a PCMCIA form factor. Big deal. There are many other Allwinner A10 boards. The Rikomagic MK802 is a small one, and it costs about $60 in quantity 1. It comes loaded with Android, but you can load Ubuntu. If you want this as a "media center" (it can do 1080p HDMI), it's available in various set-top box cases with power supply and remote for around $70. Those can run Ubuntu, too.
It's not clear why you'd want an Allwinner A10 in a PCMCIA form factor. The Allwinner A10 has a sizable set of peripherals on-chip. Ethernet, HDMI, etc. Usually, boards for this part have a whole row of connectors. Bringing out the pins on a PCMCIA connector means you need another board to fan out the peripherals.
The Allwinner itself is a significant product. (Boards for it, not so much.) At $7 in quantity, and requiring no US intellectual property, it's going into tablets, set-top boxes, and anything else that needs a CPU. This is a serious threat to the price points of Intel, Microsoft, and Apple.
Transfer this guy to maintenance programing for a year.
This is even showing up in newspapers in China and on China National Radio, which is state-controlled. The state-controlled media point out that Foxconn is run from Taiwan. The city government of Huai has stepped in and send some of the students back to school.
Somebody should raise enough hell to have IPhone 5 shipments seized at US Customs while this issue is resolved. Customs can hold them up to 3 months for investigation.
19 USC 1307:
All goods, wares, articles, and merchandise mined, produced, or manufactured wholly or in part in any foreign country by convict labor or/and forced labor or/and indentured labor under penal sanctions shall not be entitled to entry at any of the ports of the United States, and the importation thereof is hereby prohibited, and the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to prescribe such regulations as may be necessary for the enforcement of this provision. ...
'Forced labor', as herein used, shall mean all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty for its nonperformance and for which the worker does not offer himself voluntarily. For purposes of this section, the term "forced labor or/and indentured labor" includes forced or indentured child labor.
Anyone now has the right to file a complaint that could result in all iPhone 5 units incoming to the US be impounded at U.S. customs. This includes competitors.
Right. People don't even upgrade PCs, either. 80% of desktops are never opened once they leave the factory.
The future is phones with no connectors. After all, the things already have three or four radios in them, (cellular, WiFi, Bluetooth, and GPS), and some have inductive charging. So seal the thing up and make it watertight. Maybe even airtight, filled with nitrogen.
In all seriousness though it doesn't all have to be a grid of icons. The tile concept in the Windows Phone is a truly marvellous ... ok how about the hexagonal layout of icons in the earlier windows phone surely that's a stroke of brilli....
There are other alternatives. As soon as there are more icons than will fit on the screen, the ease of use of an icon grid breaks down. At that point, the usual options are "pages", scrolling or a hierarchy. All of which break the simple paradigm.
Then, of course, there's "search". When things are known by their icons, rather than a textual name, search is painful.
We're making progress on disclosure. A few years ago, companies screamed when somebody found and published information about a hole in their products. Now the disclosures are given wide distribution by the U.S. Government's anti-terrorist agency.
That sort of thing makes a big difference when big purchasing decisions are being made. "Homeland Security says that company's products are insecure" can easily lose a company a big sale.
Hawala works because it occurs inside a cultural and religious system that has strong penalties for not following thru.
That's why it works between the hawaladars, the people who exchange money. Traditionally, the people at both ends of the transaction were from the same family. The reason it works for their customers is that it's only a money transfer system. If you send a remittance to someone through hawaladars, and it doesn't show up quickly, you'll never use them again, and neither will your friends. Retail users don't keep balances inside the hawala systems. They don't try to act as banks. So, at least at the lower levels, there are no big stored reserves to embezzle.
The trouble with Bitcoin is that it's a transfer system, a storage medium, and a speculative investment. Most of the trouble comes from the last two features.
Does everything have to be a rectangular grid of icons? With a shiny screen?
The video seems to be a video of a phone playing another video showing the battery replacement procedure.
"Gun-metal color"? Right. If they actually made the thing out of Parkerized steel, it would be a great industrial-strength design. But what we're probably seeing is the usual scheduled consumer electronics color rotation from black to white to grey and back to black. Yawn.
The cited article is rather lame. But there's a real issue here that we're going to reach soon. What rights do mobile robots, like self-driving cars have?
As a practical matter, this first came up with some autonomous delivery carts used in hospitals. Originally, they were programmed to be totally submissive about making people get out of their way. They could be stalled indefinitely by people standing and talking in a corridor, or simply by a crowd. They had to be given somewhat more aggressive behaviors to get anything done. There's a serious paper on this: "Go Ahead, Make My Day: Robot conflict resolution by aggressive competition (2000) "
Autonomous vehicles will face this problem in heavy traffic. They will have to deal with harassment. The level of aggressive behavior that will be necessary for, and tolerated from, robot cars has to be worked out. If they're too wimpy, they'll get stuck at on ramps and when making left turns. If they're too aggressive (which, having faster than human reflexes, they might successfully pull off), they'll be hated. So they'll need social feedback on how annoyed people are with them to calibrate their machine learning systems.
I don't know if the Google people have gotten this far yet. The Stanford automatic driving people hadn't, last time I checked.
Professors at private schools may be able to get away with that, but at a state-owned school, where the professor is a public employee, it's a bribe.
Maine Revised Statue 17-A: 17-A 606. IMPROPER COMPENSATION FOR SERVICES
"Public servant" - yes, the employer is a unit of the State of Maine.
"Accepts pecunary benefit" - yes, because the professor gets royalties on the book.
"Preparing or promoting a bill, contract..." - yes, because the professor has a deal with the publisher.
"has .. an official discretion to exercise" - yes, because the professor can require students to purchase the book.
All the elements are there. Class E crime. Up to six months incarceration and a $1,000 fine. And, as a convicted felon, barred from most public employment.
Contact the press and the office of the Maine Attorney General.
If UStream actually used the words "Worldcon banned due to copyright infringement", Worldcon can sue for libel. They were falsely and publicly accused of a criminal act.
More like Israel and South Africa working together to build nuclear weapons back in the 1970s.
CNN really has completely run out of news
News is very slow right now. Huge news teams were tied up reporting the GOP convention, which is over, and Hurricane Isaac, which is over. So there wasn't much in the TV pipeline. Neither CNN nor Fox has anything substantive today.
Again only an idiot would call an 50 acre industrial fabrication factory complex, which happens to have a lot of computers, a "tech company"
A modern US manufacturing plant looks a lot more like a "tech company" than Yelp. There will be industrial robots, driverless vehicles, and CNC machine tools. Probably not too many people. If it's a plant that makes some low-cost consumer product, the machinery will be pumping product through at very high speeds, far faster than humans can work. That's "tech".
Many "tech companies" do less tech and more sales than is generally realized. Yelp is a straight-up sales operation. Google is a large advertising direct sales force backed by a much smaller technical staff. Google's New York operation is mostly sales reps. Most Apple employees are on the retail side and make, GlassDoor says, $11.80/hour.
Around 2009, right after the big recession crash, it really was like that. I was walking near Union Square at "rush hour", and seeing empty streets. The first time I saw that, I asked a cop if there was some emergency or street blockage, and he said no, it's been like this for a few weeks now.
San Jose was even deader. Very convenient, though; drive downtown, park in empty space in front of building, go in.
For sheer city deadness, it's hard to beat Cleveland at night.
no one is moving to Oakland
The hip stuff in the SF Bay Area is in Oakland now. NIMBY, Art Murmur, warehouse parties, etc. Space in SF is too expensive. Big art projects are moving up to the Richmond shipyard area. SOMA in SF hasn't had an art scene since the 1990s, before the dot-com boom moved in and took over.
(It's working out well for some friends of mine. One bought a loft in a bad neighborhood across from the Maritime Hall in SOMA before the dot-com boom. The tallest building in SF is now across the street from her. She's going to be able to retire from the value of that loft.)
It's not standardized across the US, but many states have standards for emergency radios. Find out what's standard and go with it.
One of the more useful projects of Homeland Security is to get all the agencies that have first responders connected in emergencies. It's hard, because each agency has their own system and they don't interoperate. Here's the Texas plan. And the Florida plan.
Most of the hard problems have to do with too many people on the air in urban areas. If you're a volunteer department, you're probably not in an urban area and don't have that problem. If you want something that will Just Work, get high-powered 700MHz public safety band capable VHF FM handhelds and vehicle radios for your own people and get them fitted into your state plan. A few Iridium satellite radios for command personnel and those who really need to talk to the outside world during an incident are helpful. Here's one suitable for fire truck installation. Iridium airtime costs are high, about $1.29 per minute, but in an emergency that's the least of your problems.)
This has come up before, usually in connection with outsourcing. You can't avoid infringement of a process patent by outsourcing part of the process. It gets complicated, but if one party set up a situation so that multi-party infringement was going to happen, they're called the "mastermind".
Interesting. The effect is well under 1%, but above the noise threshold. Observed for radium (a beta emitter) but not europium (an alpha emitter), with the same experimental setup.
Although heat, pressure, and chemical binding have no measurable effect on radioactive decay, external particles hitting an atom certainly can affect radioactive decay. That's how chain reactions and particle accelerators work.
There's a suspicion here that solar neutrinos might be responsible. Beta decay involves the weak nuclear force, while alpha decay involves the strong nuclear force. Neutrinos are known to interact with the weak nuclear force.
The Fermilab accelerator, which can be used as a neutrino generator, was shut down and decommissioned in September 2011. That would have provided a way to test this hypothesis.