Very young objects in the universe are characterized by their redshift "z value" which is approximately the wavelength stretch of light:
z = lambda-shift / lambda-ref - 1
The largest z values observed so far are about "10" implying a 11-fold stretch of the wavelength. An object with the black body wavelength of our Sun at.53 microns would be brightest at 5.8 microns, which is deep infra-red. You need a good infra-red telescope to see very young objects then. The Hubble IR camera goes out to 2.5 microns while the Webb will see as far as 28 microns, or redshifts up to 50. This combined with the greater light gathering capabilities will allow viewing even younger objects.
Redshift values can be translated into relative ages and apparent universe expansion velocities. For z=10, the age is 5% of age of the universe and appears to recede at 98% the speed of light. The interpretation of very large redshift values starts to become complicated. The formulas must include effects like the cosmological constant and acceleration for proper interpretation. Theys are hotly debated topics currently.
Even though India has huge rural population, its "minority" middle class is comparable in size to that of the USA, because its overall population is so large. So when you are in the suburbs and better off cities, you are going to see a lot that reminds of US life. Ditto for China.
Refinery == Nuclear power plant
on
Out of Gas
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· Score: 1
It costs as much to build a new refinery in the USA as it does a nuclear power plant: about $5 billion dollars. Both are costly due to environmental regulations. NO NEW REFINERY HAS BEEN BUILT SINCE 1975, just like the no new nuclear power plant, though both kinds have been upgraded since then. Its cheaper to decommission an old refinery than to repair them. To some degree off-shore refinering will pick up some of the slack, but prices will rise.
"The Prize": run out oil in 1862, 1894, 1912 ...
on
Out of Gas
·
· Score: 2, Informative
If you read Yergin's "The Prize" about the first 120 years of the Hydrocarbon Age, the complaint about "running out of oil" occurs with regularity every 20 years or so. (Also a PBS documentary at your library.)
Why does your lifestyle use so much energy
on
Out of Gas
·
· Score: 1
You could take the train or light rail and
do you share to save gas.
Or change to a greener job.
Or live near where you play...
The original Star Trek series ratings fell when it was moved from Thursday night to Friday night the second year. It lost much of the teenage male crowd.
Lots of people like to "tape" voice notes. These days you can replace tape by flash memory. Uses less battery power than moving parts. Also you have random-access to notes. The better ones you can play the first N seconds of each record. so you label a note like "London, Novemeber third", then flip through the note labels to the one you want.
MSDOS was built upon the a 3rd-party package called QDOS which Bill had quickly purchased when the IBM-PC contract fell into his lap.
Windows was a reaction to the first MacIntosh. Bill wanted top copy and embrace the PC graphic interface market. Apple is not blameless in hijacking Xerox Parc technology and employees in this regard.
Other groupls wrote the first graphical word processor (Xerox), spreadsheet (Visicalc), slideshow program (Harvard), and so on. MicroSoft perfected them and integrated them fairly well.
NT was developed by Digital Equipment Corp emigrees to MicroSoft. Lets just say that if Daryl McBride worked for DEC, he'd have stronger case of matching code:-)
It is kind of fortunate that HIV was discovered about the same time scientists were just learning about retroviruses. Scientists had been wondering if viruses could cause cancer in humans. They knew of such viruses in chickens and cats, but hadn't found human ones yet. Then they learned that these viruses operated differently than other kinds by turning themselves into RNA and inserting themselves into the host genome. Then AIDS came a long and fit this model. If AIDS became epidemic as son as ten years earlier, scientists would have been much more dumbfounded. However, this didn't tell you how to cure these kind of viruses.
Object-oriented programming invented in Norwegian.
Structured programming in Nederlands.
Mechanical calculating machine and cellular automata by Brits.
Sounds very American to me:-)
Somebody at just won a major invention prize for the following non-tech refigerative device: put a little pot inside a big pot with a layer of sand completely between the two pots. Fill the sand with water. Evaporation will keep the contents of the inner pot cool. This is proposed for 3rd world warm summers to keep from spoiling for 24-48 hours. This means you dont have to rush to market before every meal.
After this invention was announced, archeologists mention similar devices used in medieval Europe and the ancient middle east. Even modern partiers know beer stays cooler longer if you keep a wet towel over it.
People would alway sbe skeptical. The Star Treks had several episodes about god-like beings, abouse of their power, and skeptism.
This is no different than the past. Exorcists have always wondered whether a spiritual visitor is really a demon (or angel), misguided ghost, or some other being.
Its too late to an camera technology now. Its becoming smaller, cheaper and everywhere. You get digital cameras in cellphones, pens, computers, toys, for next to nothing.
GPUs pass input and output from GPU memory at 4-12 bytes per flop. This is much faster than CPUs which are limited by bus speeds that are likely to deliver a number every sever several operations. So CPU benchmarks are bogus, using algorithms that use internal memory over and over again.
Its not always easy to reformulate algorithms to fit streaming memory and other limitations of GPUs. This issue has come up in earlier generations of custom computers. So, there are things like cyclic matrices tha map multi-dimensional matrix operations into 1-D streams, and so on.
The 2003 SIGGRAPH had a session on this topic showing you could implement a wide variety of algorithms outside of graphics.
Writing a coherent text clarifies one's knowledge of a subject. If you havent taken the time to write down your material, even in an informal text, then you probably havent consolidated your subject well.
MS Excel has been on UNIX several times. First, when MsDoS and Windows were too weak to develop on until the mid 1990s, MS developed their products on UNIX Vaxes. Second, when Apple moved to its flavor of UNIX a couple years ago, so did MS Apple Office.
MS is too pig-headed to sell Office on UNIX/Linux even when such exists.
Its the dream of every Denverite to be able to work from some mountain retreat. However, you are lucky to get 28K in most places. Dont even say braodband.
Slashdot Mirror
Very young objects in the universe are characterized by their redshift "z value" which is approximately the wavelength stretch of light:
.53 microns would be brightest at 5.8 microns, which is deep infra-red. You need a good infra-red telescope to see very young objects then. The Hubble IR camera goes out to 2.5 microns while the Webb will see as far as 28 microns, or redshifts up to 50. This combined with the greater light gathering capabilities will allow viewing even younger objects.
z = lambda-shift / lambda-ref - 1
The largest z values observed so far are about "10" implying a 11-fold stretch of the wavelength. An object with the black body wavelength of our Sun at
Redshift values can be translated into relative ages and apparent universe expansion velocities. For z=10, the age is 5% of age of the universe and appears to recede at 98% the speed of light. The interpretation of very large redshift values starts to become complicated. The formulas must include effects like the cosmological constant and acceleration for proper interpretation. Theys are hotly debated topics currently.
Even though India has huge rural population, its "minority" middle class is comparable in size to that of the USA, because its overall population is so large. So when you are in the suburbs and better off cities, you are going to see a lot that reminds of US life. Ditto for China.
It costs as much to build a new refinery in the USA as it does a nuclear power plant: about $5 billion dollars. Both are costly due to environmental regulations. NO NEW REFINERY HAS BEEN BUILT SINCE 1975, just like the no new nuclear power plant, though both kinds have been upgraded since then. Its cheaper to decommission an old refinery than to repair them. To some degree off-shore refinering will pick up some of the slack, but prices will rise.
If you read Yergin's "The Prize" about the first 120 years of the Hydrocarbon Age, the complaint about "running out of oil" occurs with regularity every 20 years or so. (Also a PBS documentary at your library.)
You could take the train or light rail and do you share to save gas. Or change to a greener job. Or live near where you play ...
The original Star Trek series ratings fell when it was moved from Thursday night to Friday night the second year. It lost much of the teenage male crowd.
Hasn't even gone IPO yet, but some guy was selling google stock until he got busted. How stupid are people?
Lots of people like to "tape" voice notes. These days you can replace tape by flash memory. Uses less battery power than moving parts. Also you have random-access to notes. The better ones you can play the first N seconds of each record. so you label a note like "London, Novemeber third", then flip through the note labels to the one you want.
The bottom lines run $100 list price, cheaper for discounted/used.
Of course no bids will be accepted unless they cleverly incorporate PI, E, PHI or other magical irrational numbers!
MSDOS was built upon the a 3rd-party package called QDOS which Bill had quickly purchased when the IBM-PC contract fell into his lap.
:-)
Windows was a reaction to the first MacIntosh. Bill wanted top copy and embrace the PC graphic interface market. Apple is not blameless in hijacking Xerox Parc technology and employees in this regard.
Other groupls wrote the first graphical word processor (Xerox), spreadsheet (Visicalc), slideshow program (Harvard), and so on. MicroSoft perfected them and integrated them fairly well.
NT was developed by Digital Equipment Corp emigrees to MicroSoft. Lets just say that if Daryl McBride worked for DEC, he'd have stronger case of matching code
I was wondering if he testified in person. He does occasional make the transcontinental rail trip to visit his east coast friends.
It is kind of fortunate that HIV was discovered about the same time scientists were just learning about retroviruses. Scientists had been wondering if viruses could cause cancer in humans. They knew of such viruses in chickens and cats, but hadn't found human ones yet. Then they learned that these viruses operated differently than other kinds by turning themselves into RNA and inserting themselves into the host genome. Then AIDS came a long and fit this model. If AIDS became epidemic as son as ten years earlier, scientists would have been much more dumbfounded. However, this didn't tell you how to cure these kind of viruses.
I saw this article a few weeks ago about flash mob kiss-ins or orgies called "dogging".
Object-oriented programming invented in Norwegian. :-)
Structured programming in Nederlands.
Mechanical calculating machine and cellular automata by Brits.
Sounds very American to me
Somebody at just won a major invention prize for the following non-tech refigerative device: put a little pot inside a big pot with a layer of sand completely between the two pots. Fill the sand with water. Evaporation will keep the contents of the inner pot cool. This is proposed for 3rd world warm summers to keep from spoiling for 24-48 hours. This means you dont have to rush to market before every meal.
After this invention was announced, archeologists mention similar devices used in medieval Europe and the ancient middle east. Even modern partiers know beer stays cooler longer if you keep a wet towel over it.
They convinced everyone that wearing sunglasses indoors and at night was "cool".
"We are not important" "Terrorists would never attack us" "Helping the US is not significant"
People would alway sbe skeptical. The Star Treks had several episodes about god-like beings, abouse of their power, and skeptism.
This is no different than the past. Exorcists have always wondered whether a spiritual visitor is really a demon (or angel), misguided ghost, or some other being.
Its too late to an camera technology now. Its becoming smaller, cheaper and everywhere. You get digital cameras in cellphones, pens, computers, toys, for next to nothing.
GPUs pass input and output from GPU memory at 4-12 bytes per flop. This is much faster than CPUs which are limited by bus speeds that are likely to deliver a number every sever several operations. So CPU benchmarks are bogus, using algorithms that use internal memory over and over again.
Its not always easy to reformulate algorithms to fit streaming memory and other limitations of GPUs. This issue has come up in earlier generations of custom computers. So, there are things like cyclic matrices tha map multi-dimensional matrix operations into 1-D streams, and so on.
The 2003 SIGGRAPH had a session on this topic showing you could implement a wide variety of algorithms outside of graphics.
Writing a coherent text clarifies one's knowledge of a subject. If you havent taken the time to write down your material, even in an informal text, then you probably havent consolidated your subject well.
MS Excel has been on UNIX several times. First, when MsDoS and Windows were too weak to develop on until the mid 1990s, MS developed their products on UNIX Vaxes. Second, when Apple moved to its flavor of UNIX a couple years ago, so did MS Apple Office.
MS is too pig-headed to sell Office on UNIX/Linux even when such exists.
Its the dream of every Denverite to be able to work from some mountain retreat. However, you are lucky to get 28K in most places. Dont even say braodband.
Like Spanish, German etc, what is the default gender for robot?