Among the 13,500 scanned pages are 1,500 different language versions of Genesis 1-3
I'm sure they picked bible passages because the translations were mostly done for them already but I'm a little embarassed that future generations are going to think how amazingly superstitious we were. I mean, Genesis 2 alone...
Then the LORD God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man.
They're going to think we were cuckoo!
The point of this thing is to be a translation guide. Some languages have gone extinct in the last century, and translating them is now exceedingly difficult. The idea is that it will enable people in the distant future to read the texts they have from today, even if the languages themselves no longer exist. Those texts will give them an understanding of our culture and superstitions - as implied by its name, this disk is only designed to give them the keys to decipher 1500 modern languages.
That's how Id got big, remember? Doom was pirated a lot, and that made it a big hit.
To some extent, sure. However, Doom had a demo, and as I recall, that's what made it popular. Quake had the first quarter of the game as a demo, and I know a lot of people who routinely copied things from friends who each bought themselves copies of Quake.
Apparently you've never heard of OS/2 (what ARE you doing on Slashdot, then?), which was a phenomenal operating system and blew Windows away technologically.
OS/2 was most definitely a viable, alternative to Windows; however, it died because of bad decisions by Lou Gerstner who decided to keep OS/2 as a business platform and totally kicked the home user in the teeth.
I was a kid back when OS/2 was around, and not really very skilled with anything but DOS at the time, but I got excited and bought OS/2 to install it on the four computers in my house (1 copy, four computers, yay "piracy"). I couldn't get it to install on any of them. I seem to recall the installer dying partway through installation. We have pretty robust systems, but I recognize that I was probably in the minority. Still, I've never seen another operating system resist installation like that.
That is needed in order to continue to use the "Mac" vs. "PC" thing that they've got going, now that Macs *are* PCs. Since this sort of removes part of the glamour even slashdot editorials adopt a "PC == Wintel" vocabulary, even though a "PC" with Linux or BSD has exactly the same difference than a "PC" with OSX.
I still remember when/. actually had people who used free unices.
I used to think it strange that "PC" came to mean Wintel in some circles. Usually, though, PC means a desktop with Windows, Linux, etc, but the term is still used to exclude Macs. I think the idea behind this comes from the Personal in PC. A PC refers to a computer that gives you complete hardware freedom.
Or maybe you're one of the tens of millions of serious photographers or fans of photography. People even go to museums to see photographs! Can you imagine what silly scrapbookers those people must be?!
Why? I have yet to figure out who sits around on their PC/Surface/Etc and looks at pictures... Most people are happy with a simple slide show on their TV, digital picture frame or screen saver.
I just became an uncle again and my parents go stupid over pictures of the kid, yet they take the photo, put it in the PC and rarely ever look at it again until the screen saver kicks in. They don't sit around organizing and laying out the photos in any special way. At least not as much as these multi-touch and software packages make it out. You'd have to have no life or be a scrapbook-er to care about the photos like that, and [sarcasm]I'm sure we all know a billion people that scrapbook. [/sarcasm] I know one and I haven't talked to her in years.
There are a lot of people who recognize this as hypocrisy, but the smarter anti-proliferation (aka sane) people have a more nuanced position than "it's okay for XXX and YYY to have nukes, but not for ZZZ." Instead, the idea is that it's not really okay for XXX, YYY, or ZZZ to have these things, but getting XXX and YYY to drop theirs is a separate problem that will take different problem solving techniques to fix. Most people can agree that ZZZ shouldn't have nukes. If I lived in a non-nuclear nation, I certainly wouldn't want my own military to acquire these weapons (Though I would support efforts to generate nuclear power).
Just like USA, UK, France, Israel, China, India, Pakistan et al then...
Nobody "SAYS" they will launch a nuclear warhead, they're all to deter the other bunch of crazy bastards from doing it.
So why is is okay for say Israel to have them pointed at Iran, and yet Iran cannot have any "deterrant" ?
And don't say that Iran are crazy religious nuts, because Israel would launch one in 5 seconds if they could get away with it (and probably would too).
Unfortunately there is no "-1 painful truth hurts" moderation.
Great answer, thanks! I knew that Java and Javascript weren't functionally similar, but the impression I've had since their inception was that Java was supposed to be the powerful, fast language, while javascript was only suitable for running a few lines of code for, say, running something locally via an insecure web browser.
Also you get a point for mentioning.lua, which I know on a very basic level from making WoW UI mods.
Wearing headphones in a car is illegal in most states, therefore you will never see a headphone jack.
Line in 1/8th inch jack? those are on lots of car stereos. Most cheap stereos have them. High end stereos have a line in on the back.
I think you probably know what I meant, but yes, a 3.5 mm line in jack, equivalent in size to that used for cheap headphones. Not an audio-out jack.
I've seen a few in car stereos sold in electronics retailers, but I've never seen one in the stereo that came with a car. I rent a lot of cars, too, which is where I really want a line-in, and I've never seen one. It's also not advisable to pop out the car stereo and run a cable from the back of it in a rental car.
More and More car stereos, even factory stereos will play from an ipod or better yet a usb memory device filled with mp3 music. In fact Clarion recently released 2 new car stereos that cant play a CD, only digital memory formats.
I see the CD going away slowly as digital downloads become more and more popular, but that is completely dependent on DRM going away. I have enough friends and customers that are pissed at itunes DRM right now that they will not buy another song.
Better than an ipod of USB jack would be a standard headphone jack connection. Every car stereo should have had this since CD became a viable format. Instead, it was impossible to play existing cassettes on a cd player, difficult and lossy to play a cd on a cassette player, and usually difficult and lossy to play mp3s on any system out of the tiny portable players most people have. Seeing proprietary (ipod) connectors makes me mad, USB is better, but people should be able to plug in any audio device and play. This would cost pennies per system. Hell, I'd pay more for a system with no cd player, no memory, and only a headphone jack than I'd play for any other type of car audio system without the headphone jack, and I'm not alone.
1) Why are languages like Java used for web applications when they are used for not many local applications?
2) Why is every web app, after loading fully, very sluggish in my experience? Is the Java(script) inherently slow or do people just implement it poorly?
Lessee. Anarchy Online's 'story' was yet another rehash of plucky underdogs vs. evil overlords. Plus aliens after a while, when people got bored of fighting corporate lackeys.
Dreamfall's three primary characters were a washed-up, gothy 'heroine' from the previous game, a generically plucky artist, and a generically honorable warrior who discovers that his government is corrupt. They inhabit a story that wanders at best, is never resolved in any way, and cuts off at not just one, but three separate cliffhangers.
Maybe people wouldn't have such ugly divorces if everyone had more access to the public record. That's the reason why the rest of the civilized world doesn't have ugly divorces in court, because they know they it is a *private* matter and the court is no place for it.
The obvious problem with your statement, and it's so obvious that I imagine you're just trolling, is that one person in a lawsuit may have no desire for an ugly divorce, etc., while the other party mostly wants to drag that person's name through the mud.
It's a bit like spam: if email were $.50 a pop, then finding the one in a hundred people that will respond to your email costs you $50. Trolling court records is a lot harder if you have to get them in hardcopy or pay a fee.
I kind of like the system where email costs $0.01 per message, but the cost is refunded if the recipient clicks a "this [message/sender]" is not spam button on receipt.
You are right. A reasonable and informed person (the privacy commissioner) has raised some important issues. She should have the respect she deserves and don't assume that she is a danger, menace or clueless. The summary is way too inflammatory and emotive. The OP wrongly and somewhat offensively implies that this is something to do with freedom of speech or suppression of information. The OP should learn to assume that people in her position are as smart and as altruistic as him or herself.
In fact, she clearly understands and values free speech and open justice or she would have proposed a major barrier that can't easily be worked around. The idea behind the solution she has proposed (make stuff hard to find unless people go looking) is not dangerous, not menacing, and certainly not clueless.
It probably isn't the best solution, because she is not a technical person, and maybe she has a professional bias towards information containment. So if people feel strongly about it, they should demonstrate respect for her and her principles, even if they don't agree that there's a problem, or like the solution.
Despite my UID and this post, I am not new here! (Because of my UID I am not New Here.)
As the smartest registered/. user, I endorse this message.
Tibet has been part of China since 1792. Yes, for over two freaking centuries! You might not like it, but tough shit. And guess what, if a bunch of Chinese students came to the US and flung banners around Stanford demanding we give California back to Mexico, we'd probably tell them to get their butts back to China and mind their own business. Heck, we'd probably even detain a couple of them.
1) At Stanford they'd probably get a few hundred locals supporting their idea.
2) Some idiots would yell things at them about going back to China, some would defend them, and the government and 95% of the population would think of it as normal. People express dissent in the United States. It's no longer all that attention-grabbing.
Correlation is not causation. There may just be something in common with longer lifespans and polygamy, like hormones, lifestyle, attitude... hundreds of things.
"After accounting for socioeconomic differences..."
These studies always make me wonder what life would be like if I could publish such flimsy things in my field.
That's all fine. Similarly, the cause for death in automobile accidents is getting into the car. Or if we don't take your view, we can also say that swerving into the oncoming lane was also a mistake.
In this particular case the cost would have been minimal and was well within the budget as it had been established for the decade before the Columbia disintegration. The replacement had already been tested successfully. The remaining barriers were in manufacturing. Given the number of major aerospace companies that had been competing to make a replacement TPS, at least they thought it wasn't likely that the budget would be cut so drastically that the program would disappear. Then after 9/11, budgets were cut without any attention to detail. There was still an expectation that expensive shuttle missions would continue, but essential programs related to them were cut. It probably would have been more prudent if the shuttle budget had been cut in other areas to keep safety projects alive. This project in particular would have saved NASA a lot of maintenance costs, even ignoring the disaster it would have averted.
You're arguing that the shuttle itself was a poor decision on NASA's part for budgetary reasons. Sure, why not? Given that, I'm arguing that NASA made further budgetary mistakes because of a culture of panic following 9/11, and that those mistakes contributed to the danger to Columbia.
It's to do with the safety of the competitors (underdeveloped bones etc.) as gymnastics takes much more of a toll on your body than swimming (being exceedingly hig. I would wager being younger, and lighter, also helps on things like the Asymmetric Bars.
If my recollection of Sanjay Gupta's comments on CNN is of any value, I believe the issue is the opposite, namely that underdeveloped bones confer a real advantage to the athlete (they're more "bendy" in addition to being "lighter").
Young competitors are more capable of performing flips and spins and such, but more likely to get injured in competition. This rule was agreed upon by the international gymnastics community due to such injuries.
Second, if the Shuttle's thermal protection system, the ceramic tiles that line its belly and protect it during atmospheric reentry, were made of something more durable
This is due to the budget cuts I mentioned. Had they not occurred, the tps wouldn't have been the same borosilicate glass on a ceramic tile structure.
Latency will be a problem. All that extra message passing and emulation layers.
Already, most Windows 3d games lead me feeling a little disconnected compared to DOS games. The sound effects and graphics always lag behind the input a little.
Try playing doom in DOS with a soundblaster, then try a modern windows game. With doom you hear and see the gun go off when you hit the fire button. In a modern 3d game, you don't.
I've experienced the same thing over a number of different computers.
Most monitors have about a 30-50 ms input lag, meaning the image is always a frame or two behind in most modern games. You can get a 0-5 ms input lag monitor, though. The DS-263n is a good example. I felt like everything was lagged ever since I switched to LCDs, but once I picked up the 263, that feeling is gone. The feeling of sound lagging input could be a different issue or it could be psychological.
Almost everything that manages to make it over here from Japan is golden. I'm aware that there's a filter keeping a lot of the crap games from making the jump, but there's still great games from over there.
I'll eat some negative moderations to laugh publicly at your "nearly all Japanese games sold in America (presumably where you live) are fantastically innovative" theory.
Ha.
Who will find me first, the unreasonably anti-Japanese mods or the Nintendog-fan mods? Go!
Hasn't this idea come up before? With CD-Rs? Someone was proposing that every CD-R purchase was used for illegal music CD copies, so a "music label" tax would be applied to all CD-R purchases.
It's more than an idea. You pay that fee on every cd burner you buy. Enjoy.
I share your amusement at the GP, who thinks that the concept "open" refers primarily to using bash and vim. Maybe he wasn't alive back when all personal computers were as vendor-locked as Macs still are.
Slashdot Mirror
Among the 13,500 scanned pages are 1,500 different language versions of Genesis 1-3
I'm sure they picked bible passages because the translations were mostly done for them already but I'm a little embarassed that future generations are going to think how amazingly superstitious we were. I mean, Genesis 2 alone...
Then the LORD God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man.
They're going to think we were cuckoo!
The point of this thing is to be a translation guide. Some languages have gone extinct in the last century, and translating them is now exceedingly difficult. The idea is that it will enable people in the distant future to read the texts they have from today, even if the languages themselves no longer exist. Those texts will give them an understanding of our culture and superstitions - as implied by its name, this disk is only designed to give them the keys to decipher 1500 modern languages.
...pirating id's stuff.
That's how Id got big, remember? Doom was pirated a lot, and that made it a big hit.
To some extent, sure. However, Doom had a demo, and as I recall, that's what made it popular. Quake had the first quarter of the game as a demo, and I know a lot of people who routinely copied things from friends who each bought themselves copies of Quake.
Apparently you've never heard of OS/2 (what ARE you doing on Slashdot, then?), which was a phenomenal operating system and blew Windows away technologically.
OS/2 was most definitely a viable, alternative to Windows; however, it died because of bad decisions by Lou Gerstner who decided to keep OS/2 as a business platform and totally kicked the home user in the teeth.
I was a kid back when OS/2 was around, and not really very skilled with anything but DOS at the time, but I got excited and bought OS/2 to install it on the four computers in my house (1 copy, four computers, yay "piracy"). I couldn't get it to install on any of them. I seem to recall the installer dying partway through installation. We have pretty robust systems, but I recognize that I was probably in the minority. Still, I've never seen another operating system resist installation like that.
That is needed in order to continue to use the "Mac" vs. "PC" thing that they've got going, now that Macs *are* PCs. Since this sort of removes part of the glamour even slashdot editorials adopt a "PC == Wintel" vocabulary, even though a "PC" with Linux or BSD has exactly the same difference than a "PC" with OSX.
I still remember when /. actually had people who used free unices.
I used to think it strange that "PC" came to mean Wintel in some circles. Usually, though, PC means a desktop with Windows, Linux, etc, but the term is still used to exclude Macs. I think the idea behind this comes from the Personal in PC. A PC refers to a computer that gives you complete hardware freedom.
Or maybe you're one of the tens of millions of serious photographers or fans of photography. People even go to museums to see photographs! Can you imagine what silly scrapbookers those people must be?!
Why? I have yet to figure out who sits around on their PC/Surface/Etc and looks at pictures... Most people are happy with a simple slide show on their TV, digital picture frame or screen saver.
I just became an uncle again and my parents go stupid over pictures of the kid, yet they take the photo, put it in the PC and rarely ever look at it again until the screen saver kicks in. They don't sit around organizing and laying out the photos in any special way. At least not as much as these multi-touch and software packages make it out. You'd have to have no life or be a scrapbook-er to care about the photos like that, and [sarcasm]I'm sure we all know a billion people that scrapbook. [/sarcasm] I know one and I haven't talked to her in years.
But what will I do with all my "Gore 2012" buttons?
Ha.
Still, remember that the Gore stance is roughly (yeah, it's exaggerated, but roughly) in line with the science.
The global warming platform from the Republican party is to shoot into the air and yell "yeeehaww!" a bunch.
There are a lot of people who recognize this as hypocrisy, but the smarter anti-proliferation (aka sane) people have a more nuanced position than "it's okay for XXX and YYY to have nukes, but not for ZZZ." Instead, the idea is that it's not really okay for XXX, YYY, or ZZZ to have these things, but getting XXX and YYY to drop theirs is a separate problem that will take different problem solving techniques to fix. Most people can agree that ZZZ shouldn't have nukes. If I lived in a non-nuclear nation, I certainly wouldn't want my own military to acquire these weapons (Though I would support efforts to generate nuclear power).
Just like USA, UK, France, Israel, China, India, Pakistan et al then ...
Nobody "SAYS" they will launch a nuclear warhead, they're all to deter the other bunch of crazy bastards from doing it.
So why is is okay for say Israel to have them pointed at Iran, and yet Iran cannot have any "deterrant" ?
And don't say that Iran are crazy religious nuts, because Israel would launch one in 5 seconds if they could get away with it (and probably would too).
Unfortunately there is no "-1 painful truth hurts" moderation.
Great answer, thanks! I knew that Java and Javascript weren't functionally similar, but the impression I've had since their inception was that Java was supposed to be the powerful, fast language, while javascript was only suitable for running a few lines of code for, say, running something locally via an insecure web browser.
Also you get a point for mentioning .lua, which I know on a very basic level from making WoW UI mods.
Wearing headphones in a car is illegal in most states, therefore you will never see a headphone jack.
Line in 1/8th inch jack? those are on lots of car stereos. Most cheap stereos have them. High end stereos have a line in on the back.
I think you probably know what I meant, but yes, a 3.5 mm line in jack, equivalent in size to that used for cheap headphones. Not an audio-out jack.
I've seen a few in car stereos sold in electronics retailers, but I've never seen one in the stereo that came with a car. I rent a lot of cars, too, which is where I really want a line-in, and I've never seen one. It's also not advisable to pop out the car stereo and run a cable from the back of it in a rental car.
More and More car stereos, even factory stereos will play from an ipod or better yet a usb memory device filled with mp3 music. In fact Clarion recently released 2 new car stereos that cant play a CD, only digital memory formats.
I see the CD going away slowly as digital downloads become more and more popular, but that is completely dependent on DRM going away. I have enough friends and customers that are pissed at itunes DRM right now that they will not buy another song.
Better than an ipod of USB jack would be a standard headphone jack connection. Every car stereo should have had this since CD became a viable format. Instead, it was impossible to play existing cassettes on a cd player, difficult and lossy to play a cd on a cassette player, and usually difficult and lossy to play mp3s on any system out of the tiny portable players most people have. Seeing proprietary (ipod) connectors makes me mad, USB is better, but people should be able to plug in any audio device and play. This would cost pennies per system. Hell, I'd pay more for a system with no cd player, no memory, and only a headphone jack than I'd play for any other type of car audio system without the headphone jack, and I'm not alone.
1) Why are languages like Java used for web applications when they are used for not many local applications?
2) Why is every web app, after loading fully, very sluggish in my experience? Is the Java(script) inherently slow or do people just implement it poorly?
Lessee. Anarchy Online's 'story' was yet another rehash of plucky underdogs vs. evil overlords. Plus aliens after a while, when people got bored of fighting corporate lackeys.
Dreamfall's three primary characters were a washed-up, gothy 'heroine' from the previous game, a generically plucky artist, and a generically honorable warrior who discovers that his government is corrupt. They inhabit a story that wanders at best, is never resolved in any way, and cuts off at not just one, but three separate cliffhangers.
Not one of those things is a critique on quality.
Maybe people wouldn't have such ugly divorces if everyone had more access to the public record. That's the reason why the rest of the civilized world doesn't have ugly divorces in court, because they know they it is a *private* matter and the court is no place for it.
The obvious problem with your statement, and it's so obvious that I imagine you're just trolling, is that one person in a lawsuit may have no desire for an ugly divorce, etc., while the other party mostly wants to drag that person's name through the mud.
It's a bit like spam: if email were $.50 a pop, then finding the one in a hundred people that will respond to your email costs you $50. Trolling court records is a lot harder if you have to get them in hardcopy or pay a fee.
I kind of like the system where email costs $0.01 per message, but the cost is refunded if the recipient clicks a "this [message/sender]" is not spam button on receipt.
You are right. A reasonable and informed person (the privacy commissioner) has raised some important issues. She should have the respect she deserves and don't assume that she is a danger, menace or clueless. The summary is way too inflammatory and emotive. The OP wrongly and somewhat offensively implies that this is something to do with freedom of speech or suppression of information. The OP should learn to assume that people in her position are as smart and as altruistic as him or herself.
In fact, she clearly understands and values free speech and open justice or she would have proposed a major barrier that can't easily be worked around. The idea behind the solution she has proposed (make stuff hard to find unless people go looking) is not dangerous, not menacing, and certainly not clueless.
It probably isn't the best solution, because she is not a technical person, and maybe she has a professional bias towards information containment. So if people feel strongly about it, they should demonstrate respect for her and her principles, even if they don't agree that there's a problem, or like the solution.
Despite my UID and this post, I am not new here! (Because of my UID I am not New Here.)
As the smartest registered /. user, I endorse this message.
"The bug has been named Mindarus harringtoni after the scientist."
The aphid was almost named Mindarus Goldseller145332 after the seller.
Tibet has been part of China since 1792. Yes, for over two freaking centuries! You might not like it, but tough shit. And guess what, if a bunch of Chinese students came to the US and flung banners around Stanford demanding we give California back to Mexico, we'd probably tell them to get their butts back to China and mind their own business. Heck, we'd probably even detain a couple of them.
1) At Stanford they'd probably get a few hundred locals supporting their idea.
2) Some idiots would yell things at them about going back to China, some would defend them, and the government and 95% of the population would think of it as normal. People express dissent in the United States. It's no longer all that attention-grabbing.
Correlation is not causation. There may just be something in common with longer lifespans and polygamy, like hormones, lifestyle, attitude... hundreds of things.
"After accounting for socioeconomic differences..."
These studies always make me wonder what life would be like if I could publish such flimsy things in my field.
That's all fine. Similarly, the cause for death in automobile accidents is getting into the car. Or if we don't take your view, we can also say that swerving into the oncoming lane was also a mistake.
In this particular case the cost would have been minimal and was well within the budget as it had been established for the decade before the Columbia disintegration. The replacement had already been tested successfully. The remaining barriers were in manufacturing. Given the number of major aerospace companies that had been competing to make a replacement TPS, at least they thought it wasn't likely that the budget would be cut so drastically that the program would disappear. Then after 9/11, budgets were cut without any attention to detail. There was still an expectation that expensive shuttle missions would continue, but essential programs related to them were cut. It probably would have been more prudent if the shuttle budget had been cut in other areas to keep safety projects alive. This project in particular would have saved NASA a lot of maintenance costs, even ignoring the disaster it would have averted.
You're arguing that the shuttle itself was a poor decision on NASA's part for budgetary reasons. Sure, why not? Given that, I'm arguing that NASA made further budgetary mistakes because of a culture of panic following 9/11, and that those mistakes contributed to the danger to Columbia.
It's to do with the safety of the competitors (underdeveloped bones etc.) as gymnastics takes much more of a toll on your body than swimming (being exceedingly hig. I would wager being younger, and lighter, also helps on things like the Asymmetric Bars.
If my recollection of Sanjay Gupta's comments on CNN is of any value, I believe the issue is the opposite, namely that underdeveloped bones confer a real advantage to the athlete (they're more "bendy" in addition to being "lighter").
Young competitors are more capable of performing flips and spins and such, but more likely to get injured in competition. This rule was agreed upon by the international gymnastics community due to such injuries.
Second, if the Shuttle's thermal protection system, the ceramic tiles that line its belly and protect it during atmospheric reentry, were made of something more durable
This is due to the budget cuts I mentioned. Had they not occurred, the tps wouldn't have been the same borosilicate glass on a ceramic tile structure.
Latency will be a problem. All that extra message passing and emulation layers.
Already, most Windows 3d games lead me feeling a little disconnected compared to DOS games.
The sound effects and graphics always lag behind the input a little.
Try playing doom in DOS with a soundblaster, then try a modern windows game. With doom you hear and see the gun go off when you hit the fire button. In a modern 3d game, you don't.
I've experienced the same thing over a number of different computers.
Most monitors have about a 30-50 ms input lag, meaning the image is always a frame or two behind in most modern games. You can get a 0-5 ms input lag monitor, though. The DS-263n is a good example. I felt like everything was lagged ever since I switched to LCDs, but once I picked up the 263, that feeling is gone. The feeling of sound lagging input could be a different issue or it could be psychological.
Almost everything that manages to make it over here from Japan is golden. I'm aware that there's a filter keeping a lot of the crap games from making the jump, but there's still great games from over there.
I'll eat some negative moderations to laugh publicly at your "nearly all Japanese games sold in America (presumably where you live) are fantastically innovative" theory.
Ha.
Who will find me first, the unreasonably anti-Japanese mods or the Nintendog-fan mods? Go!
Um, over my dead body.
Hasn't this idea come up before? With CD-Rs? Someone was proposing that every CD-R purchase was used for illegal music CD copies, so a "music label" tax would be applied to all CD-R purchases.
It's more than an idea. You pay that fee on every cd burner you buy. Enjoy.
I think you missed the point
I share your amusement at the GP, who thinks that the concept "open" refers primarily to using bash and vim. Maybe he wasn't alive back when all personal computers were as vendor-locked as Macs still are.