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  1. Actually, it was the Celts who came first replacing the former inhabitants. Stonehenge predates the arrival of the first celtic tribes in Britain.

  2. Re:Bullshit. on Stonehenge Builders Used Pythagoras' Theorem 2,000 Years Before He Was Born (techtimes.com) · · Score: 4, Interesting
    What they actually did was using the 13-knots-cord. If you have a cord and make 13 nodes each in the same distance to the neighboring ones, and then you put the 13th and the first together, you get a loop of 12 equal parts of cord. Then you can use this to make the famous 3-4-5 triangle -- bang! right angle.

    No calculations necessary. Pure geometry with simple means.

  3. Re:not enough resources on the planet to meet dema on Search is on For Cobalt-Free Batteries As Metal Gets Increasingly Rare and Expensive (technologyreview.com) · · Score: 2
    As far as I know, China refines the Neodymium with molten salt electrolysing similar to the Hall-Héroult-process used for aluminium.

    The other often used way is fractioned fluorid cristallization, which uses hydrofluoric acid, not sulphuric acid.

    And Neodymium like all Lanthanoids can be found in Rare Earth deposits, together with other Rare Earths like Praseodymium or Samarium. Maybe you are confusing Neodymium (atomic number 60) with Promethium (atomic number 61), which indeed was discovered as a fission product of Uranium?

  4. Re:I don't have much of a problem with this on America's Nuclear Reactors Can't Survive Without Government Handouts (fivethirtyeight.com) · · Score: 2
    They support it with big government handouts, which is what TFA is claiming. Block III of the Olkiluoto nuclear reactor in Finland was supposed to be up and running in 2009, and construction was planned to cost 3 billion EUR. It is still not running (currently planned for May 2019) but costs have risen so far to 9 billion EUR. Block IV was planned, but cancelled in 2015, because block III was still not ready, and there was doubt that block IV could ever be up and running. AREVA, the construction company and TVO, the operator, are suing each other for about 3 billions each for the postponing resp. the rising costs.

    The other Finnish nuclear site is Loviisa, with two WWER reactors of Soviet design, Westinghouse containment and Siemens electrical infrastructure.

  5. Re: Wait, all of us? on We're All Getting Dumber, Says Science (fastcompany.com) · · Score: 1

    No. Because with a low score, you are still fit for service, but the possible positions you can serve in are limited.

  6. Re:Wait, all of us? on We're All Getting Dumber, Says Science (fastcompany.com) · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Well no. At first, every male gets tested for fitness, including the IQ test taken. Only then people are either sorted out because of unfitness or can decide to go to a cilivian duty instead of the military duty.

  7. Re:didn't they make audio casette tapes? on Nearly Half the Patents on Marine Genes Belong To Just One Company (smithsonianmag.com) · · Score: 1

    The very same.

  8. Re:What company is it? on Nearly Half the Patents on Marine Genes Belong To Just One Company (smithsonianmag.com) · · Score: 1

    Yeah, the Allies basicly reversed the merger of 1925.

  9. Re:Except it probably won't... on A British Plumber May Show Uber the Future of Employment (bloomberg.com) · · Score: 3, Informative

    I don't know for the UK, but in other countries, the question of self employment or not depends on who is your largest customer, and if this customer demands priority services or other exclusivity, limiting your ability to search for other contracts. If your ability to independently decide which assignment to take is severly limited by your largest customer, and your income strongly depends on his jobs, then you are in fact employed and not a free agent.

  10. Re:What company is it? on Nearly Half the Patents on Marine Genes Belong To Just One Company (smithsonianmag.com) · · Score: 3, Informative

    Actually, it's not a spin-off. It is IG Farben itself. When seven german chemical companies in the 1920ies decided to form a trust, they did it by signing over all shares of six of them to the seventh, and the holder of the shares got shares of the seventh in return. The seventh company in question was the BASF (which is Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik), which after that renamed itself in IG Farben.

  11. Re:I forget who on Solar Has Overtaken Gas, Wind As Biggest Source of New US Power (bloomberg.com) · · Score: 2

    Loosers hang on...

    I think we have a paradox here.

  12. Re: No they didn't Rei and Bruce on Tesla Short-Sellers Lose $1 Billion (cnbc.com) · · Score: 1

    Whatever your bookkeeping system uses. I've seen database systems which used 15 or 18 digits long decimal fields to work on (e.g. SAP R/3).

  13. Re: No they didn't Rei and Bruce on Tesla Short-Sellers Lose $1 Billion (cnbc.com) · · Score: 1
    Basicly, -MAX_INT.

    A short position means that you agree to hand over to an agreed upon date a certain number of shares in exchange for a defined sum of money. Your hope for a profit depends on your ability to get the shares for less money, than you will be paid when the position is due. But there is no effective limit for the price of the shares, and if they skyrocket, it can bankrupt you to get all the shares you have to hand over. This is completely independent from the price you paid to get that short contract. It's even possible that you got money to agree into the shorting.

  14. Re: That's not a scientific demand. on Judge Orders EPA To Produce Science Behind Pruitt's Climate Claims (scientificamerican.com) · · Score: 4, Insightful
    No, it's a demand for bringing up evidence for the point Mr. Pruitt was making. There is this fine line between proof and evidence.

    If Mr. Pruitt thinks that there is research going on casting serious doubts on the results the IPCC is basing its recommendations on, then he surely is able to point to that research. Because it was Mr. Pruitt who demands that the EPA needs more scientific transparency. This is just the demand to actually cast some light to make the science more transparent for us to judge.

  15. If it was BASF we are talking about, you would have a point, as de iure the IG Farben AG was BASF. All shares of the seven other companies were given to BASF which returned BASF shares to the former shareholders, and then renamed itself into IG Farben AG.

  16. Re:Toxic brand on No More 'Miracles From Molecules': Monsanto's Name Is Being Retired (reuters.com) · · Score: 5, Informative

    The reason being that the IG Farben was a trust, of which Bayer only was a part of. In fact, IG Farben consisted of eight different companies, Bayer, BASF, AGFA, Casella, Brüning, Griesheim-Elektron, Kalle, and ter Meer. After World War II, the IG Farben was disolved back into the eight former companies (Griesheim-Elektron becoming a part of Hoechst). So while Bayer was an important part of IG Farben, it wasn't IG Farben itself, and the former IG Farben is not Bayer.

  17. Re: Something seems wrong here... on 'Carbon Bubble' Could Spark Global Financial Crisis, Study Warns (theguardian.com) · · Score: 1

    It depends on the elasticity of price and demand. If you pay $10 per gallon to extract and ship your crude oil, any oil price below $10 will be catastrophic for you as you have to sell at a loss or stop selling altogether.

  18. Not necessarily, as with low oil prices, generating electricity from oil will be more attractive, causing electricity prices to drop.

  19. If the prices for oil are falling, prices for electricity will also fall, because generating electricity from oil will be cheaper too.

  20. Re:lies on China Overtakes US For Healthy Lifespan, WHO Data Finds (reuters.com) · · Score: 5, Informative
    They don't look into factors at all. This is just looking at death rates for each age cohort and then summing up the probability for each age cohort to die within the next year. This is purely statistics.

    And you can do the same thing with chronic illnesses. You just get the number of chronic illnesses in each age cohort and then calculate the probability to catch a chronic illness within the next year.

    If you sum up each age cohort from 0 to the maximum age, you get two probabilities: First, the probable life span of a newborn, and second the probable lifespan without chronic illnesses for a newborn.

    This statistic does not make any statements about the reasons why the life expectancy and the healthy life span expectancy is as high as it is. It just reports a number.

  21. Re:Unbiased approach. on Microsoft Developing a Tool To Help Engineers Catch Bias in Algorithms (venturebeat.com) · · Score: 0
    No, you still don't get it.

    Even when we allow for different recidivism rates for black people than for white people, COMPASS still shows a strong bias. It constantly overestimates the real recidivism rate for black people. It thinks black people are much worse than they actually are (given the known recidivism rate of black people). And it constantly underestimates the recidivism rate for white people. So it thinks white people are much better than they actually are (compared with the actual numbers for recidivism among white people).

    Your constant bashing of SJWs might have to do with not actually knowing what they are talking about.

  22. Re:Unbiased approach. on Microsoft Developing a Tool To Help Engineers Catch Bias in Algorithms (venturebeat.com) · · Score: 0
    You are a racist by either willingly reporting false, or by missunderstanding facts because the twisted facts better fit your world view.

    It's not that COMPASS (the program you are talking about) should be reporting the same recidivism rates for blacks and whites. It's just that it should err about them at the same rate.

    And it does not. We know the recidivism rates for black people, and COMPASS overestimates it by a factor of about two. We also know the recidivism rate of white people, and COMPASS unterestimates it also by a factor of two. That means: COMPASS is much more likely to paint a black person a future career criminal even if half of the alleged ones never commit a further crime. On the other hand: COMPASS will advise to go softly on a white person even for 50% of future career criminals. So a white person is twice as likely to get off the hook lightly as he deserves, while COMPASS is highly biased to recommend prison time even for black first offenders who will never commit a further crime.

  23. Re:Unbiased approach. on Microsoft Developing a Tool To Help Engineers Catch Bias in Algorithms (venturebeat.com) · · Score: 1
    No, the article is not FUD, as has been clearly proved with COMPASS. This is a system designed to predict recidivism rates as a supporting tool for the judge to decide if a conditional discharge is possible. None of the more than 100 input parameters is directly race related. But still, COMPASS shows a strong bias, as it overestimates the recidivism of black people by a factor of two while at the same time, underestimates the recidivism rates of whites by about the same amount.

    To put it clearly: COMPASS expects black people to commit further crimes twice as often as they really commit further crimes, while at the same time expects white people to commit only half as often further crimes than they really do. So COMPASS is much more likely to predict a black person to become a career criminal than they really are, while it does not expect the same from white people. This is a clear bias, and it has nothing to do with the input parameters per se, but with the way they are interpreted by COMPASS.

    Apparently, COMPASS ranks a combination of factors quite highly, that is more common with black people (especially a poverty background without stable families and poor education), even when each of the factor is only slightly elevated, while it does not put too much value on single factors even if they deviate highly from the norm (e.g. it strongly underestimates the recidivism rates for certain sexual offenses).

    So COMPASS has a strong social bias, but does not look into individual traits too much. And because the social conditions in the U.S. are highly correlated with, it basicly punishes black people for being poor.

  24. Re: Denying ICMP echo @ server/workstation level t on There Are Real Reasons For Linux To Replace ifconfig, netstat and Other Classic Tools (utoronto.ca) · · Score: 1

    And normally, you only get an RFC accepted if you put up source that implements the proposed RFC.

  25. Re: Denying ICMP echo @ server/workstation level t on There Are Real Reasons For Linux To Replace ifconfig, netstat and Other Classic Tools (utoronto.ca) · · Score: 1
    "Reference design" means that it is used to test the validity of the other design. A design is valid if it works flawlessly with the reference design and has the same responses in all test cases.

    Reference design does not mean that the code has to be incorporated somewhere in all other designs.