I think it's a matter of Cogent trying to strongarm its position. It wouldn't be the first time Cogent has done this and it certainly won't be the last. Doing a Google search for "peering dispute", and not including Comcast (to exclude the Comcast vs. Level3 dispute since it's newer and ongoing), almost every old entry involves Cogent duking it out with someone. They win customers on price, but things seem to be lopsided enough that they get into a scuffle with a number of the other Tier-1 providers.
Mike from HE spells it out pretty clearly from almost 2 years ago on the NANOG list:
Are you kidding? This isn't about merit. It's a game of odds.
This big law firm smells dollars, and lots of them. If they can squeeze any kind of settlement out of Zuck, it might be worth it just for their cut of the cash. They're in it for a big win, and for no other reason. This supposed email is what they'll hinge the whole case on.
There are actually reasons behind this. I've got a/29 from Charter Business myself, but this is why it is the way it is, based on my experience as a former Charter engineer.
In the days of old, customers were assigned their statics in WAN-side way as you describe. My parents used to have a static assigned to them from a WAN block on their CMTS. This was great because whatever allocation assigned was very efficiently used. Granted, this was back when nodes were combined 4:1 or greater on the small CMTS that was being used. A uBR7246 with 1x6 cards in the day could easily route traffic for over 48 cable nodes, at 2:1 combining on the upstreams, and 12:1 on the downstreams. (A whopping 150mbps for 48 nodes... laugable today).
It wasn't all that long ago I remember some towns sharing a single downstream port. Now, enter node splits, and combining gets down to 1:1 in many cases. Even with a much larger CMTS (uBR10012 vs. uBR7246), it can't handle the same number of nodes. With redundancy failover switchboxes, there are only 35 downstreams per box (assuming 5x20 cards).
Now a problem exists as soon as the box's capacity is reached. If I need to split your node and move it to another CMTS to increase your available bandwidth, I need to coordinate with everyone who is moving who has a WAN side IP and tell them that their IP address is going to change on whatever date. This turns into an incredible shitstorm when one person stammers their feet and cries up the escalation chain and then delays necessary work because they bitch. Then capacity continues to be in hell until the move is finally approved. Then, there are the customers who ignore your voicemail and phone calls and then cry for a credit because they didn't pay attention until the move date.
So now what everyone is doing in order to make this easier is to assign you a/30 or/29 or whatever which you get from your modem. The modem sends that assignemnt up via RIP and it gets redistributed into the network. Now, it doesn't matter what town you're in or what CMTS you're on. Note splits and changes can essentially happen without you ever having to renumber your side. With the growing demands on bandwidth, it's not unheard of that you could move a couple of times per year, depending on the scope of the engineering changes.
It probably fell more into obscurity due to its horrific 2600 VCS port.
The port to the Atari 5200 was sweet and, at least by the screenshots, was faithful to the original. It was one of my favorite games growing up, in part because it wasn't some kind of terrible arcade knock-off.
Not only does DRM need to go away, but with ever-increasing bandwidth there's no reason to NOT sell lossless audio.
If labels would sell music the way NIN has for their last two albums (Ghosts / The Slip) and include the artwork and all those goodies, I'd probably never actually buy another CD again.
The way I see it, a single PI block per AS is really all that should be needed. A/48 would provide a rough equivalent of a/16... but in networks, not end hosts... and that assumes full EUI-64 end networks. PIs should be available to any organization that needs/has their own AS. End of story. Customers of the same ISP who multihome should already be falling under non-portable space.
My company currently connects with 3 ISPs, and we currently advertise 3/24s, and one/21. I'd much rather have a single/48 in IPv6 land to tell everyone about.
The reason that aggregation is such a bitch is that it's not possible to accurately nail down how much address space is really needed. For example, a new business starts out with a/26, grows and gets a/24... get another ISP, and a portable/23... grows again and needs a/22 more of space. All the while, migrating from their first/24, and ARIN/24, plus a/23. That's 3 routes in the global table now, not considering any more growth. The scarcity of IPv4 makes each addressing request something that requires justification and proof of need when it comes to space.
Dole out an IPv6/48 once they get their second ISP and ASN and they'll likely never need another advertisement.
By that estimate, you could probably crush the BGP global table from 221,000 give or take to under 40,000. Then the next problem we'll need to deal with is reaching a theoretical maximum of ASNs.
And that enterprise crap in Linux saves companies an incredible shitload of money. Enterprise users also have the muscle to keep their systems up to date. The back-office stuff is the more important arena to win, IMHO.
Desktop users are fickle... and that's why Linux has failed on the desktop. However, Ubuntu has made incredible progress on this front.
There's no state in the union that I know of that allows an armed citizen to pull a firearm in this kind of instance. The identity thief is a scumbag, but it's not a qualifying event to use deadly force for. Certainly, it's not worth losing a permit over (at the minimum).
In the scenario you highlight, the third party is the only one who has a right to draw, presumably for the protection of a third party. Also from the training I received, once you unholster a firearm in such a scenario, you should already be prepared to shoot. I don't think most people are prepared to do that.
Well... the drop sounds big, but percentage wise was nothing. There wasn't enough to trip the breaker (in CDV):
Decline, Before 1:00 P.M., Before 2:00 P.M., 2:00 - 2:29 P.M., 2:30 p.m. or Later 1250-point Decline in the Dow, 1 Hour Halt, 1 Hour Halt, 1/2 Hour Halt, No Halt 2500-point Decline in the Dow, 2 Hour Halt, 1 Hour Halt, Close For Day, Close For Day 3700-point Decline in the Dow, Close For Day, Close For Day, Close For Day, Close For Day
Oh yeah... trading collars too:
Trading-collars, which restrict index-arbitrage trading to stabilizing, will be triggered during First-quarter 2007 when the DJIA moves 180 points or more above or below its closing value on the previous trading day and removed when the DJIA is above or below the prior day's close by 90 points.
How do you think some of these couples ended up with kids?:)
The electromagnetic spectrum has limits, people.
on
Companies Betting on WiMAX
·
· Score: 4, Interesting
Granted, we've made a ton of progress in wireless over the last several years to the point where just about everyone has or has access to a wireless connection. That's great... but this true "broadband" experience is going to require a huge amount of spectrum as more subscribers log on, or a huge number of cells in order to provide the experience.
The article mentions the 2.5 GHz specturm. It isn't all that much different than the 2.4 we know and love today, except that the spectrum is licensed. A lot of the other transmission pitfalls will likely remain (Line-of-Sight, etc.)
Two factors are that spectrum is inherently limited, and the higher the frequency, the more power is required to transmit over a given distance. There is already sufficient suspicion that cellular transmissions aren't good for you. I can't imagine WiMax is going to fare much better here, but that has yet to be seen.
While I don't ever care to get WiMax... it'll certainly make FTTH much more competitive and will perhaps drive telcos and cablecos to step up their rollouts. Rural areas without a broadband infrastructure seem to be the most likely to benefit from this WiMax phenomenon.
I remember this from my Communications 101 class. I wish I remember which documentary I saw in class, but it's one of a few that ignites my vigor against some of the practices of big business. Anyway...
FM is something we owe to the late Edwin Armstrong, a former employee of RCA. In fact, he was pretty much on his own to get FM out, but was able to prove it to the FCC and actually had a frequency band allocated. Armstrong was hoping to make something from the royalties off his invention.
David Sarnoff (head of RCA) was a major asshole during this arena. You see... FM was kicking the living shit out of AM, quality-wise. In addition to dragging things out with Armstrong in a lawsuit, they got the entire FM band changed to a different frequency, effectively destroying everything Armstrong has marketed, sold and built to that date. Talk about corporate-induced obsolesence.
Unfortunately, the rumblings with RCA left Armstrong on the losing end and despite all the work and the major contribution to modern communications, he committed suicide.
Your career doesn't define your divorce.
on
IT and Divorce?
·
· Score: 5, Insightful
Not sure if any of the data you have here is going to be significant... and since this _is_ slashdot, I doubt highly that you could use it as a reference on a graduate thesis. Personally, I've been married for 3 years and have a son, which I'm sure outcasts me in the group. But, I digress.
I have a couple friends that have been divorced, though they are from different professions. In those cases, the job wasn't the crowning gem in the divorce itself... far from it. Here are some traits I observed which one side, the other, or both had in those cases: personality conflicts, lack of communication skills, unwillingness to communicate, unwillingness to listen, self-absorption leading to the exclusion of the other, disjoint financial strategies, unfair domestic workload balance, ho-hum disregard for the children. I never saw a particular job or anything actually interfere.
Where I'm at now in my mid-30s, most of the guys I work with are married and have been for quite some time. There are very few divorcees and the people I know are very loyal to their partners and their families. I'd have to say that here in IT, those of us who are married are a pretty fun, stable bunch.
I think you need to stop blaming your career for your divorce and do a little more soul searching.
I've been using wireless for several years (who here on/. hasn't??) and this seems to be a solution looking for a problem.
802.11n is (yet another) way of shoving 10 pounds of shit through a far smaller pipe than is really available. 802.11a/b/g really serves me well in all the things that I do... even though the most of what I do involves streaming FLACs around the house. It seems to me as if all this speed stuff only chews up the entire ISM band and is more about channel aggregation than about something truly innovative. I can't imagine the range or total throughput can be good when myself and all my neighbors keep crowding the entire spectrum.
Really folks, how expensive is it to hardwire all the goodies that absolutely need the speed?? I'm probably missing the point.
FWIW, I have a first-generation SB Live card (remember the one with the Live! Drive??) which I've had since 1998. It has and continues to work flawlessly, even in Vista Beta 2.
Now, RC1 comes along and Creative decides to not release a driver for it. Now, granted, the X-Fi series of cards is far, far ahead and beyond what my SBLive does. However... there is nothing wrong with my SBLive now, and I haven't really seen much of a benefit to upgrade the card.
Besides, the thought of buying PCI anything with PCIExpress becoming more and more common is crazy.
Slashdot Mirror
I think it's a matter of Cogent trying to strongarm its position. It wouldn't be the first time Cogent has done this and it certainly won't be the last. Doing a Google search for "peering dispute", and not including Comcast (to exclude the Comcast vs. Level3 dispute since it's newer and ongoing), almost every old entry involves Cogent duking it out with someone. They win customers on price, but things seem to be lopsided enough that they get into a scuffle with a number of the other Tier-1 providers.
Mike from HE spells it out pretty clearly from almost 2 years ago on the NANOG list:
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/nanog/msg01006.html
I have no reason to think that their stance has changed any.
Are you kidding? This isn't about merit. It's a game of odds.
This big law firm smells dollars, and lots of them. If they can squeeze any kind of settlement out of Zuck, it might be worth it just for their cut of the cash. They're in it for a big win, and for no other reason. This supposed email is what they'll hinge the whole case on.
There are actually reasons behind this. I've got a /29 from Charter Business myself, but this is why it is the way it is, based on my experience as a former Charter engineer.
In the days of old, customers were assigned their statics in WAN-side way as you describe. My parents used to have a static assigned to them from a WAN block on their CMTS. This was great because whatever allocation assigned was very efficiently used. Granted, this was back when nodes were combined 4:1 or greater on the small CMTS that was being used. A uBR7246 with 1x6 cards in the day could easily route traffic for over 48 cable nodes, at 2:1 combining on the upstreams, and 12:1 on the downstreams. (A whopping 150mbps for 48 nodes ... laugable today).
It wasn't all that long ago I remember some towns sharing a single downstream port. Now, enter node splits, and combining gets down to 1:1 in many cases. Even with a much larger CMTS (uBR10012 vs. uBR7246), it can't handle the same number of nodes. With redundancy failover switchboxes, there are only 35 downstreams per box (assuming 5x20 cards).
Now a problem exists as soon as the box's capacity is reached. If I need to split your node and move it to another CMTS to increase your available bandwidth, I need to coordinate with everyone who is moving who has a WAN side IP and tell them that their IP address is going to change on whatever date. This turns into an incredible shitstorm when one person stammers their feet and cries up the escalation chain and then delays necessary work because they bitch. Then capacity continues to be in hell until the move is finally approved. Then, there are the customers who ignore your voicemail and phone calls and then cry for a credit because they didn't pay attention until the move date.
So now what everyone is doing in order to make this easier is to assign you a /30 or /29 or whatever which you get from your modem. The modem sends that assignemnt up via RIP and it gets redistributed into the network. Now, it doesn't matter what town you're in or what CMTS you're on. Note splits and changes can essentially happen without you ever having to renumber your side. With the growing demands on bandwidth, it's not unheard of that you could move a couple of times per year, depending on the scope of the engineering changes.
Seems wasteful, but that's the sense behind it.
They cradle my balls, stroke the shaft, work the pipe, and drink the gravy.
It probably fell more into obscurity due to its horrific 2600 VCS port.
The port to the Atari 5200 was sweet and, at least by the screenshots, was faithful to the original. It was one of my favorite games growing up, in part because it wasn't some kind of terrible arcade knock-off.
I've seen what the RIAA and its ilk have been releasing lately ... and I'd argue that most of our records are worthless upon release.
Not only does DRM need to go away, but with ever-increasing bandwidth there's no reason to NOT sell lossless audio.
If labels would sell music the way NIN has for their last two albums (Ghosts / The Slip) and include the artwork and all those goodies, I'd probably never actually buy another CD again.
Until then, it's rip to FLAC.
Hey ... we finally got something else that plays Ogg Vorbis!
I don't believe you forgot to mention the horrors of female breasts ... shame on you! Think of the children!
The way I see it, a single PI block per AS is really all that should be needed. A /48 would provide a rough equivalent of a /16 ... but in networks, not end hosts ... and that assumes full EUI-64 end networks. PIs should be available to any organization that needs/has their own AS. End of story. Customers of the same ISP who multihome should already be falling under non-portable space.
/24s, and one /21. I'd much rather have a single /48 in IPv6 land to tell everyone about.
/26, grows and gets a /24 ... get another ISP, and a portable /23 ... grows again and needs a /22 more of space. All the while, migrating from their first /24, and ARIN /24, plus a /23. That's 3 routes in the global table now, not considering any more growth. The scarcity of IPv4 makes each addressing request something that requires justification and proof of need when it comes to space.
/48 once they get their second ISP and ASN and they'll likely never need another advertisement.
My company currently connects with 3 ISPs, and we currently advertise 3
The reason that aggregation is such a bitch is that it's not possible to accurately nail down how much address space is really needed. For example, a new business starts out with a
Dole out an IPv6
By that estimate, you could probably crush the BGP global table from 221,000 give or take to under 40,000. Then the next problem we'll need to deal with is reaching a theoretical maximum of ASNs.
WMD = Warcraft of Mass Destruction?
And that enterprise crap in Linux saves companies an incredible shitload of money. Enterprise users also have the muscle to keep their systems up to date. The back-office stuff is the more important arena to win, IMHO.
... and that's why Linux has failed on the desktop. However, Ubuntu has made incredible progress on this front.
Desktop users are fickle
I don't think congress is going to fix this tomorrow ... so the RIAA should get what they deserve and lose all their royalties altogether.
Fuck 'em. I expect everyone has had enough of their shit.
It's just too bad that all the honest people in this new business are going to have to suffer for it.
There's no state in the union that I know of that allows an armed citizen to pull a firearm in this kind of instance. The identity thief is a scumbag, but it's not a qualifying event to use deadly force for. Certainly, it's not worth losing a permit over (at the minimum).
In the scenario you highlight, the third party is the only one who has a right to draw, presumably for the protection of a third party. Also from the training I received, once you unholster a firearm in such a scenario, you should already be prepared to shoot. I don't think most people are prepared to do that.
Well ... the drop sounds big, but percentage wise was nothing. There wasn't enough to trip the breaker (in CDV):
... trading collars too:
Decline, Before 1:00 P.M., Before 2:00 P.M., 2:00 - 2:29 P.M., 2:30 p.m. or Later
1250-point Decline in the Dow, 1 Hour Halt, 1 Hour Halt, 1/2 Hour Halt, No Halt
2500-point Decline in the Dow, 2 Hour Halt, 1 Hour Halt, Close For Day, Close For Day
3700-point Decline in the Dow, Close For Day, Close For Day, Close For Day, Close For Day
Oh yeah
Trading-collars, which restrict index-arbitrage trading to stabilizing, will be triggered during First-quarter 2007 when the DJIA moves 180 points or more above or below its closing value on the previous trading day and removed when the DJIA is above or below the prior day's close by 90 points.
How do you think some of these couples ended up with kids? :)
Granted, we've made a ton of progress in wireless over the last several years to the point where just about everyone has or has access to a wireless connection. That's great ... but this true "broadband" experience is going to require a huge amount of spectrum as more subscribers log on, or a huge number of cells in order to provide the experience.
... it'll certainly make FTTH much more competitive and will perhaps drive telcos and cablecos to step up their rollouts. Rural areas without a broadband infrastructure seem to be the most likely to benefit from this WiMax phenomenon.
The article mentions the 2.5 GHz specturm. It isn't all that much different than the 2.4 we know and love today, except that the spectrum is licensed. A lot of the other transmission pitfalls will likely remain (Line-of-Sight, etc.)
Two factors are that spectrum is inherently limited, and the higher the frequency, the more power is required to transmit over a given distance. There is already sufficient suspicion that cellular transmissions aren't good for you. I can't imagine WiMax is going to fare much better here, but that has yet to be seen.
While I don't ever care to get WiMax
I remember this from my Communications 101 class. I wish I remember which documentary I saw in class, but it's one of a few that ignites my vigor against some of the practices of big business. Anyway ...
... FM was kicking the living shit out of AM, quality-wise. In addition to dragging things out with Armstrong in a lawsuit, they got the entire FM band changed to a different frequency, effectively destroying everything Armstrong has marketed, sold and built to that date. Talk about corporate-induced obsolesence.
FM is something we owe to the late Edwin Armstrong, a former employee of RCA. In fact, he was pretty much on his own to get FM out, but was able to prove it to the FCC and actually had a frequency band allocated. Armstrong was hoping to make something from the royalties off his invention.
David Sarnoff (head of RCA) was a major asshole during this arena. You see
Unfortunately, the rumblings with RCA left Armstrong on the losing end and despite all the work and the major contribution to modern communications, he committed suicide.
Obligatory Wiki here.
Not sure if any of the data you have here is going to be significant ... and since this _is_ slashdot, I doubt highly that you could use it as a reference on a graduate thesis. Personally, I've been married for 3 years and have a son, which I'm sure outcasts me in the group. But, I digress.
... far from it. Here are some traits I observed which one side, the other, or both had in those cases: personality conflicts, lack of communication skills, unwillingness to communicate, unwillingness to listen, self-absorption leading to the exclusion of the other, disjoint financial strategies, unfair domestic workload balance, ho-hum disregard for the children. I never saw a particular job or anything actually interfere.
I have a couple friends that have been divorced, though they are from different professions. In those cases, the job wasn't the crowning gem in the divorce itself
Where I'm at now in my mid-30s, most of the guys I work with are married and have been for quite some time. There are very few divorcees and the people I know are very loyal to their partners and their families. I'd have to say that here in IT, those of us who are married are a pretty fun, stable bunch.
I think you need to stop blaming your career for your divorce and do a little more soul searching.
You forgot one at the end ... don't remember where I got it. Maybe a Dilbert book somewhere along the line.
Anyway, here's the whole thing:
Those who can, do. Those who can't, teach. Those who can't teach, manage.
I want to know if he got to see Room 101 on the way to that wonderful sentence. :)
I've been using wireless for several years (who here on /. hasn't??) and this seems to be a solution looking for a problem.
... even though the most of what I do involves streaming FLACs around the house. It seems to me as if all this speed stuff only chews up the entire ISM band and is more about channel aggregation than about something truly innovative. I can't imagine the range or total throughput can be good when myself and all my neighbors keep crowding the entire spectrum.
802.11n is (yet another) way of shoving 10 pounds of shit through a far smaller pipe than is really available. 802.11a/b/g really serves me well in all the things that I do
Really folks, how expensive is it to hardwire all the goodies that absolutely need the speed?? I'm probably missing the point.
I remember those days too.
Then ClearChannel came along, bought most of the stations and the only thing they play is shit.
FWIW, I have a first-generation SB Live card (remember the one with the Live! Drive??) which I've had since 1998. It has and continues to work flawlessly, even in Vista Beta 2.
... there is nothing wrong with my SBLive now, and I haven't really seen much of a benefit to upgrade the card.
Now, RC1 comes along and Creative decides to not release a driver for it. Now, granted, the X-Fi series of cards is far, far ahead and beyond what my SBLive does. However
Besides, the thought of buying PCI anything with PCIExpress becoming more and more common is crazy.