The word 'steal' or describing unauthorised copying as theft is simply untrue. The words may only be used when you deprive someone of a thing.
In this case, unauthorised copying deprives the rights holders of income that they may or may not have received. The "may not" is important because many copiers do not have the budget to go buy the music.
Thanks for taking your time to explain. However, perhaps I'm being stupid because if it quacks like a duck, sits in water and can fly, it might well be a duck. If I understand you, the point you are making is that speculating is about transfer of risk whilst with gambling there is none. However, the speculator who sits on a very risky position may also be said to be gambling. The bookie himself is very much a market maker.
Aound the time that the derivatives market was launched in Germany, specific legislation had to be enacted to differentiate between gambling and derivatives trading. In the US and the UK, the thing is governed essentially by the law of contract, but the British securities regulatory authority has already declared that spread betting is within their remit.
First, the disclaimer, I have about 14 years of work supporting electronic markets, mostly in derivatives. I have worked on setting markets up as well as preventing them from being formed. I have known traders as well as gamblers.
You say:
Speculation can be strictly distinguished from gambling.
This gets kind of complicated when you call a book-maker and make a spread-bet on the FTSE-100.
One person's speculation is another's gamble. The only time it isn't a gamble is when you are hedging, in which case it is "insurance". In any market, there are usually speculators and hedgers. Some may use interesting mathematics to justify their actions, but in the end someone who is assuming unhedged risk is essentially gambling no matter what mathematics they are using to justify themselves.
The only legal difference is that gambling debts are usuallly not legally enforceable in a court of law while a futures or options contract is.
Having met professional gamblers and traders, I can say that there isn't really any difference. Both the former and the latter analyse past performance and indicators to attempt to make an informed judgement about the future.
If you got to the currency spot markets, you will find that the central banks (including the Fed) are major players. Actions by the central banks are well observed (usually they work through investment banks anyway) and there is a lot of transparency in the market so everyone knows if the central bank is buying or selling the dollar, euro or whatever.
Usually, the markets are used by central bankers to help disclose the information so rate changes aren't a real surprise.
If Greenspan tried to do a little by himself, that would be another matter.
I can buy a lot of options contracts on someone like say Lockheed on the basis that, for example, there may be another Middle East war (Syria, Iran, whatever). I can then hedge my holding with 'peace' contracts bought on this exchange.
As a US based futures market, it will be regulated as such by the CFTC.
All trades and especially exchange based one need a paper trail these days. A market participant must register. If the participant is a broker, i.e., accepting trades on behalf of someone else, they need to 'know' that person. If someone bets a large amount on Saddam not being caught for six months, you can be sure that the paper trail will be followed.
The point about an open market is that whenever someone has information, and trades with it they are effectively trading their information with the market, disclosing it. In the end, very few people have *really* exclusive information, so what will happen is the market will reflect the combination of the opinions of those who have some of the information.
In this way, the market as a whole has a better overview than any specific individual.
Blakes 7 was a big influence on FarScape, also great SciFi, unfortunately killed before its time. It features Peace-Keepers who are very similar to the Feds in B7. Servalan from B7 also directly inspired one of the baddies in FarScape.
Note as with many low budget British series, many of the actors were also working on the stage.
I have worked before in QA, my wife works for a QA Certification Company. The meaning of ISO 9001 and its successors (15442, I think), and it is just about having a documented process so the 'customer' doesn't have any false expectations about what the 'supplier' is producing (be it a car, a lump of plastic or a computer program).
I don't know of ISOed OS software, but I am aware of organisations that have gone through a quality audit who use open source software. The main issue is having a test and internal release procedure, so you don't, for example, roll out Perl 5.8.1 without ensuring that your users are aware that their old version is being replaced. You *don't* need to get Larry Wall's personal inprimateur on the package, you just need to have a documented procedure.
In this way, security and QA are very much related. Zero security and no quality checks are fine, as long as those people using the system are aware of this and agree.
There have been one or two fights about it but in Germany, you are free to separate 'OEM' software and licenses from the original hardware. Note the word 'transfer', *not* copy as you say yourself. It is more difficult to do this in the US though.
The thing with the Munich case is that they already have Windows on their old systems. These licenses can be reused without problems.
The idea has been really in use for some time to protect secret British Cabinet documents. Each document would bve uniquely identified using variable spacing. I had heard word subsititution discussed but have doubts if it would be implemented. This is why when a newspaper gets hold of a leaked document, they are careful to destroy the original and not to quote too much verbatim.
I agree, Alpha is on the deathlist at HPaq but it ain't dead yet. It is still running two major European financial exchanges (incl. the largest electronic derivatives echange in the world).
It really comes down to image size/resolution. You also get the same thing when configuring X-windows, what dpi does your screen have? True, ssoftware such as Browsers will up or down sample a picture to present it at the required size. Unfortunately, upsampling tends to introduce artifacts (which looks bad).
Ok, we were working with illustrated brochures and booklets and we were told that the plates are produced at a blank and white resolution of 1500 and up. The other problem is the downsampling effect of the screen process used to get colour and grey scales. If you down sample 300dpi, it won't look as good as down-sampled 1200 dpi. I can believe a newspaper may be much, much less but not a colour magazine.
I haven't worked in prepress for years. However I help put together publications for our ski-club which we give to the printer in a form ready to go to film/plate. This means Quark Express, Photoshop and so on, and I thoroughly hate the former.
They have their German support and consulting centres there. However, from the millions paid tp MS, most would end up going to the US, and via a foreign sales company so no taxes would be due on the income. This would certainly be a factor.
There has been some heavy duty German investment in municipalising Unix (there are companies that are dedicated to selling into local government). There are parts of Linux that are visibly German (i.e., local projects) and the system is *seen* to be largely European with a reasonable bit of German. Actually, it really is international, but it can be said to be more European/German than MS Windows/Office.
Regrettably, Frankfurt, although broke, will be staying with Windows for the time being.
I thought the standard now was to go direct to plate (avoiding the film) and that it is faster and cheaper.
Whilst you may consider that the cost of Quark against that of film and plates to be negligable - it is extremely expensive if your main job isn't publishing. Even if your job is in the publishing trade, it still remains a major expense for a program that has many short-comings. For example, there are still image types that don't preview properly in Quark Express, so you don't know what the page looks like until you make a test print. Photoshop is expensive too, but it works well, so the people who can afford it at least feel that the money is justified.
If Scribus can get past some of those short comings then, it will be accepted. Certainly, the PDF will be.
I thought that Quark Express's little foibles were because it was essentially a Mac program under Windows. In any case, I was using Quark 4.1 last and it really is a pain to use.
I agree with you that with an open sourced alternative, it will force them to improve their product. Photoshop is one heck of a target for the Gimp to follow but Quark is a much easier target for Scribus.
DPI is an important property of any image. For professional printing you want something high, like about 1200, for the web, 72 is much better. To say an image is 1024*768 is irrelevant when what you really want is the definition relative to image size. DPI is good for that.
Tell that to Mr Vlad Putin. He was the KGB chief for the DDR. No, the Warsaw pact countries were essentially satellite governments with some (limited) rights of their own. Central Asia was different. Until the middle of the last century, the British were in India/Pakitsan and the Sviets came down to Uzbekistan. Afghanistan acted as a buffer state. It was reasonably independent (although packed with spies from both sides) and the positive side of Islamic culture could flourish. In 1979, a communist revolt forced the the old government out but the new one was disliked (mostly because they ignored local leaders). They then invited the Soviets in to help prop up their new government. After that, the government their lost any semblence of independence. A proxy war then broke out with the CIA and MI6 sending in 'military advisers' and weapons through Pakistan. The Iranians also sponsored some groups on the West. Kabul became essentially a Soviet military colony but was relatively safe. The northern border with Uzbekistan became quite open, but the south was off limits.
Uzbekistan was carved out in the early twenties by Soviet geographers along with Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. In reality, there are a number of peoples in the area, and whilst there are definite ethnic groups, who ended up where had little to do with the reality. This one reason why Afghanistan is so complicated. Yes, there was a historical kingdom, but the people were from all over.
I beg to differ, they certainly had a good education system in the eighties. One of my interpreters in Uz had worked there for a while and certainly it wasn't so bad in Kabul. Many of the outlying places had problems (especially to the south and west, corresponding to the Pakistan and Iranian border areas).
The exact status of Afghanistan is somewhat debatable, technically it was independendent (but so was Mongolia) but for a time at least, it was closer to the USSR than the Warsaw-pact countries.
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In this case, unauthorised copying deprives the rights holders of income that they may or may not have received. The "may not" is important because many copiers do not have the budget to go buy the music.
Aound the time that the derivatives market was launched in Germany, specific legislation had to be enacted to differentiate between gambling and derivatives trading. In the US and the UK, the thing is governed essentially by the law of contract, but the British securities regulatory authority has already declared that spread betting is within their remit.
You say:
This gets kind of complicated when you call a book-maker and make a spread-bet on the FTSE-100.
One person's speculation is another's gamble. The only time it isn't a gamble is when you are hedging, in which case it is "insurance". In any market, there are usually speculators and hedgers. Some may use interesting mathematics to justify their actions, but in the end someone who is assuming unhedged risk is essentially gambling no matter what mathematics they are using to justify themselves.
The only legal difference is that gambling debts are usuallly not legally enforceable in a court of law while a futures or options contract is.
Having met professional gamblers and traders, I can say that there isn't really any difference. Both the former and the latter analyse past performance and indicators to attempt to make an informed judgement about the future.
Usually, the markets are used by central bankers to help disclose the information so rate changes aren't a real surprise.
If Greenspan tried to do a little by himself, that would be another matter.
Interesting.
All trades and especially exchange based one need a paper trail these days. A market participant must register. If the participant is a broker, i.e., accepting trades on behalf of someone else, they need to 'know' that person. If someone bets a large amount on Saddam not being caught for six months, you can be sure that the paper trail will be followed.
In this way, the market as a whole has a better overview than any specific individual.
Note as with many low budget British series, many of the actors were also working on the stage.
I have no problem with everyone having a gun who is properly trained and on a regular basis.
I don't know of ISOed OS software, but I am aware of organisations that have gone through a quality audit who use open source software. The main issue is having a test and internal release procedure, so you don't, for example, roll out Perl 5.8.1 without ensuring that your users are aware that their old version is being replaced. You *don't* need to get Larry Wall's personal inprimateur on the package, you just need to have a documented procedure.
In this way, security and QA are very much related. Zero security and no quality checks are fine, as long as those people using the system are aware of this and agree.
The thing with the Munich case is that they already have Windows on their old systems. These licenses can be reused without problems.
Even worse is the French for programmer: co-ordinateur. The thing is that program commes from programme which was originally French anyway.
or even just upgebooted for "booted up" is my favourite.
The idea has been really in use for some time to protect secret British Cabinet documents. Each document would bve uniquely identified using variable spacing. I had heard word subsititution discussed but have doubts if it would be implemented. This is why when a newspaper gets hold of a leaked document, they are careful to destroy the original and not to quote too much verbatim.
I agree, Alpha is on the deathlist at HPaq but it ain't dead yet. It is still running two major European financial exchanges (incl. the largest electronic derivatives echange in the world).
It really comes down to image size/resolution. You also get the same thing when configuring X-windows, what dpi does your screen have? True, ssoftware such as Browsers will up or down sample a picture to present it at the required size. Unfortunately, upsampling tends to introduce artifacts (which looks bad).
I haven't worked in prepress for years. However I help put together publications for our ski-club which we give to the printer in a form ready to go to film/plate. This means Quark Express, Photoshop and so on, and I thoroughly hate the former.
There has been some heavy duty German investment in municipalising Unix (there are companies that are dedicated to selling into local government). There are parts of Linux that are visibly German (i.e., local projects) and the system is *seen* to be largely European with a reasonable bit of German. Actually, it really is international, but it can be said to be more European/German than MS Windows/Office.
Regrettably, Frankfurt, although broke, will be staying with Windows for the time being.
Whilst you may consider that the cost of Quark against that of film and plates to be negligable - it is extremely expensive if your main job isn't publishing. Even if your job is in the publishing trade, it still remains a major expense for a program that has many short-comings. For example, there are still image types that don't preview properly in Quark Express, so you don't know what the page looks like until you make a test print. Photoshop is expensive too, but it works well, so the people who can afford it at least feel that the money is justified.
If Scribus can get past some of those short comings then, it will be accepted. Certainly, the PDF will be.
I agree with you that with an open sourced alternative, it will force them to improve their product. Photoshop is one heck of a target for the Gimp to follow but Quark is a much easier target for Scribus.
DPI is an important property of any image. For professional printing you want something high, like about 1200, for the web, 72 is much better. To say an image is 1024*768 is irrelevant when what you really want is the definition relative to image size. DPI is good for that.
Tell that to Mr Vlad Putin. He was the KGB chief for the DDR. No, the Warsaw pact countries were essentially satellite governments with some (limited) rights of their own. Central Asia was different. Until the middle of the last century, the British were in India/Pakitsan and the Sviets came down to Uzbekistan. Afghanistan acted as a buffer state. It was reasonably independent (although packed with spies from both sides) and the positive side of Islamic culture could flourish. In 1979, a communist revolt forced the the old government out but the new one was disliked (mostly because they ignored local leaders). They then invited the Soviets in to help prop up their new government. After that, the government their lost any semblence of independence. A proxy war then broke out with the CIA and MI6 sending in 'military advisers' and weapons through Pakistan. The Iranians also sponsored some groups on the West. Kabul became essentially a Soviet military colony but was relatively safe. The northern border with Uzbekistan became quite open, but the south was off limits.
Uzbekistan was carved out in the early twenties by Soviet geographers along with Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. In reality, there are a number of peoples in the area, and whilst there are definite ethnic groups, who ended up where had little to do with the reality. This one reason why Afghanistan is so complicated. Yes, there was a historical kingdom, but the people were from all over.
I beg to differ, they certainly had a good education system in the eighties. One of my interpreters in Uz had worked there for a while and certainly it wasn't so bad in Kabul. Many of the outlying places had problems (especially to the south and west, corresponding to the Pakistan and Iranian border areas).
The exact status of Afghanistan is somewhat debatable, technically it was independendent (but so was Mongolia) but for a time at least, it was closer to the USSR than the Warsaw-pact countries.