Incorrect. The network was neutral 10 years ago. There was no need for regulation of net neutrality because no one imagined a network that wasn't neutral. Then about 5 years ago, some ISPs started jacking with various forms of traffic (torrents, Netflix downloads, etc).
No ISP has ever been "non-neutral" with Netflix. They just asked Netflix to pay for their side of the interconnection.
BTW, ISPs have been "de-peering" each other for the entire history of the Internet [I was there, believe me]. If an ISP felt that another ISP was just sucking Internet traffic out of them, sucking ISP would be asked to become a paid customer of the sucked ISP instead of a peer.
For example, in October 1996 two large ISPs, Digex Inc. and AGIS, cut off their peering connections for over a week...AGIS customers were not able to access Web sites that were on the Digex network including the Security and Exchange Commission Web site.
Between March and May 1997, UUNet told around 15 ISPs that their peering arrangements would be terminated within a few months, and that new, bilateral transit agreements must be struck. The move essentially transformed peers into customers.
Things are a bit backwards now because services like Netflix make money from dumping huge amounts of paid traffic onto ISPs, whereas back in the day ISPs made money by providing their users the ability to suck free information off of the Internet.
Let's hypothetically say that Netflix had peering agreements with Level 3, AT&T, Centurylink, etc...
Netflix was never a real "peer" because they dump huge amounts of traffic onto end-user ISPs. Real peers have an equitable mix of traffic in and out. Yet I don't think any end-user ISP was ever asking Netflix to pay-per-bit.
But even if you have a peering agreement, you are responsible for paying for the equipment to exchange the traffic you want.
And Netflix thought if it didn't upgrade its interconnectivity equipment that the end-user ISPs would be shamed into paying for it.
But it didn't turn out that way, and Netflix paid for the interconnection equipment, and those Netflix speed ratings started going up...
Meanwhile everyone is all hyped up about "net neutrality".
And if Netflix are forced to pay, they will pass on the cost to the subscriber, its not a hard sum after that to figure out who is actually paying.
And if ISPs are forced for pay for the massive interconnection to carry Netflix traffic, they will pass on that cost to all of their subscribers, even if they are not Netflix subscribers...
There is no such thing as a free lunch, only a question of who pays for it.
I really hope that smaller streaming services survive an era without net neutrality.
Smaller streaming services aren't sucking up most of the Internet's bandwidth like Netflix, so ISPs aren't going to bother making them pay for interconnectivity...
There is a story, probably apocryphal, that in the UK banking industry, staff used to be required to take a minimum break of 2 consecutive weeks. The reasoning being that if they were involved in a scam, it would probably come to light during that time from whoever took over their work. Whereas a staff member might be able to cover up wrongdoings if they were only on vacation for a week.
This is typical in high-level banking, I know someone in the US who must do this.
The international technical conferences I go to in Europe and Asia are held in English. IETF RFCs are written in English. Internationally, pilots talk with air traffic control in English.
Even if the UK disappeared, English would still be relevant in the EU.
Let's be clear, Mandarin has 1.05 billion speakers. English has 1.01 million speakers. That is #1 and #2 worldwide.
French is way, way down the league tables, at 272 million speakers. Below Hindi, Spanish, Arabic, Malay, and Russian.
Over the next 20 years, French may gain another 20-30 million speakers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but English will gain similar numbers if not more from Nigeria and India.
I'll concur that there is a big learning curve in creating an Alexa app (which I have done), but I think once you've done it once it is pretty easy from there.
There would be a big market for a "visual basic" style builder for Alexa apps...someone should write one!
I believe that KSC had an average of 2.5 shuttle landings per year from 1981-2011. So indeed, the locals know a bit about sonic booms, but if SpaceX is going to launch once per month, that is quite an increase.
I also suspect the sonic boom of the Falcon 9 first stage is worse because it is basically coming right at KSC, whereas the boom of the Shuttle is spread out over its flight across Florida. The downward trajectory of the F9 booster may focus the boom to some extent.
"[Volunteers] given an oral choline supplement for 2 months have a more than tenfold increase in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite derived from the gut microbiota that has previously been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease.
The increase in plasma TMAO levels is also associated with a corresponding increase in platelet aggregation."
"aspirin attenuated the rise in TMAO levels as well as reduced platelet hyperresponsiveness"
And then his three examples are Sweetgreen, Framebridge, and OrderUp, which are all within one hour driving distance of each other in the DC/Baltimore metroplex.
DC has long been a tech startup area (AOL, UUNET, DIGEX, Ciena, Living Social, etc.), and I know several people who got VC funding for their startups there. New Enterprise Associates (NEA) has been very active in DC, for example.
However I think that the LEVEL and STUPIDITY of VC funding in DC is very different than the SF Bay Area - less money, and less blatantly stupid start-ups get funded in DC.
"We estimated the 10-year risk of both incident stroke and dementia beginning from the 7th examination cycle [of the Framingham Heart Study] (1998â"2001)."
It should be noted that during the study saccharin, acesulfame-K (Sunett/Sweet One), and aspartame (NutraSweet) were FDA approved, whereas sucralose (Splenda) was approved in 1999, neotame in 2002, and stevia in 2008. So who knows, maybe those sweeteners are not linked to stroke & dementia.
"When comparing daily cumulative intake to 0 per week (reference), the hazard ratios were 2.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.26â"6.97) for ischemic stroke and 2.89 (95% confidence interval, 1.18â"7.07) for Alzheimerâ(TM)s disease. Sugar-sweetened beverages were not associated with stroke or dementia."
I like LinkedIn, especially because it is a great way to create ad-hoc industry forums for sharing news on developing niche technologies.
But its main use for me is allowing me to figure out which company the salespeople I know are working at this week. Before I email a salesperson who I talked with six months ago, I check their LinkedIn to see if they still work at that company.
Or a robotic electric tug that can autonomously find and attach to the airplane, then be controlled wirelessly by the pilot, then be released from the plane and autonomously (and safely) leave the runway and return for a charge.
Virgin Atlantic "Upper Class" has its own Upper Class Wing at Heathrow where you can "whizz through our very own Private Security Channel, beating the queues. Seamless, stress free and calm, you can go from your car to the Clubhouse within ten minutes."
1998 was the first public demo of a digital cinema projector. As of 3 May 2016, 98.2% of the world's cinema screens are now digitized, likely saving $1 billion in distribution costs.
If you teach them modern mining techniques, tool fabrication, and suchlike, they could vastly overhaul their mining operations. Make them safer, more environmentally-friendly (hah whatever), and more profitable.
Why do you think that the techniques of modern mining, tool fabrication, etc. are unavailable to people in Congo? There is little barrier to the movement of information today, and one can purchase advanced mining equipment.
The problem is that a kleptocratic, socialist government combined with warfare makes it impossible for people in Congo to accumulate the capital required to purchase mining equipment and operate it profitably.
I know someone who owned a functioning modern gold mine in West Africa. The government came in and took it, breaking up into pieces for people to sell and make some money.
WHO says that 3.3 million deaths linked to indoor air pollution.
WHO Assistant Director-General Family, Women and Children's Health says "Poor women and children pay a heavy price from indoor air pollution since they spend more time at home breathing in smoke and soot from leaky coal and wood cook stoves."
Providing electricity or gas mechanisms for cooking could solve those 3.3 million deaths. But that simply requires some level of economic development.
Doing more orders with the same people is exactly the same thing as reducing human employees to service the same number of orders
The only way I see automation bringing in more customers is if customer wait time was a problem already (because perhaps they couldn't hire enough efficient workers?) Or if automation reduces the prices, it could bring in more demand.
However in most places there is a finite supply of lunch crowd, so a rise in customers in one restaurant means a reduction in another, potentially closing it.
Change is disruptive to people's lives. They need time to retrain and the economy needs time to figure out what to do with this labor supply that wasn't there yesterday.
A $15 minimum wage will sure speed that change up!
I'd pay the $17/month to replace a kid's wages if they went to school.
How would you get the funds to them without them being stolen?
So for $35/month you could pay the kid to go school and provide books
Then they'd be educated and without a job, because the economy is so screwed up there.
You may remember that communist Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union compared favorably with Western Europe and the United States in years of schooling attained, yet per capita incomes in those countries were substantially lower.
You can't "aid" your way out of an inherent problem with politics and governance.
Here is what the Index of Economic Freedom has to say about the DRC:
"Economic development in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been severely undermined by decades of instability and violence. Poor economic management worsened by repeated political crises has constrained economic freedom and driven much of the population into persistent poverty. The government's inability to provide even basic public goods reliably further limits economic opportunity.
Entrepreneurial activity is curtailed by an uncertain regulatory environment and the absence of institutional support for or facilitation of private-sector development. Arbitrary taxation, poor infrastructure, marginal enforcement of property rights, and the weak rule of law have driven many people and enterprises into the informal sector, which accounts for more than 80 percent of economic activity."
Wake up dude, it is the larger Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southeast (capital: Kinshasa, formerly Zaire) or the smaller Republic of the Congo to the northwest (capital: Brazzaville).
Slashdot Mirror
Incorrect. The network was neutral 10 years ago. There was no need for regulation of net neutrality because no one imagined a network that wasn't neutral. Then about 5 years ago, some ISPs started jacking with various forms of traffic (torrents, Netflix downloads, etc).
No ISP has ever been "non-neutral" with Netflix. They just asked Netflix to pay for their side of the interconnection.
BTW, ISPs have been "de-peering" each other for the entire history of the Internet [I was there, believe me]. If an ISP felt that another ISP was just sucking Internet traffic out of them, sucking ISP would be asked to become a paid customer of the sucked ISP instead of a peer.
For example, in October 1996 two large ISPs, Digex Inc. and AGIS, cut off their peering connections for over a week...AGIS customers were not able to access Web sites that were on the Digex network including the Security and Exchange Commission Web site.
Between March and May 1997, UUNet told around 15 ISPs that their peering arrangements would be terminated within a few months, and that new, bilateral transit agreements must be struck. The move essentially transformed peers into customers.
Things are a bit backwards now because services like Netflix make money from dumping huge amounts of paid traffic onto ISPs, whereas back in the day ISPs made money by providing their users the ability to suck free information off of the Internet.
Let's hypothetically say that Netflix had peering agreements with Level 3, AT&T, Centurylink, etc...
Netflix was never a real "peer" because they dump huge amounts of traffic onto end-user ISPs. Real peers have an equitable mix of traffic in and out. Yet I don't think any end-user ISP was ever asking Netflix to pay-per-bit.
But even if you have a peering agreement, you are responsible for paying for the equipment to exchange the traffic you want.
And Netflix thought if it didn't upgrade its interconnectivity equipment that the end-user ISPs would be shamed into paying for it.
But it didn't turn out that way, and Netflix paid for the interconnection equipment, and those Netflix speed ratings started going up...
Meanwhile everyone is all hyped up about "net neutrality".
And if Netflix are forced to pay, they will pass on the cost to the subscriber, its not a hard sum after that to figure out who is actually paying.
And if ISPs are forced for pay for the massive interconnection to carry Netflix traffic, they will pass on that cost to all of their subscribers, even if they are not Netflix subscribers...
There is no such thing as a free lunch, only a question of who pays for it.
I really hope that smaller streaming services survive an era without net neutrality.
Smaller streaming services aren't sucking up most of the Internet's bandwidth like Netflix, so ISPs aren't going to bother making them pay for interconnectivity...
There is a story, probably apocryphal, that in the UK banking industry, staff used to be required to take a minimum break of 2 consecutive weeks. The reasoning being that if they were involved in a scam, it would probably come to light during that time from whoever took over their work. Whereas a staff member might be able to cover up wrongdoings if they were only on vacation for a week.
This is typical in high-level banking, I know someone in the US who must do this.
The international technical conferences I go to in Europe and Asia are held in English. IETF RFCs are written in English. Internationally, pilots talk with air traffic control in English.
Even if the UK disappeared, English would still be relevant in the EU.
Let's be clear, Mandarin has 1.05 billion speakers. English has 1.01 million speakers. That is #1 and #2 worldwide.
French is way, way down the league tables, at 272 million speakers. Below Hindi, Spanish, Arabic, Malay, and Russian.
Over the next 20 years, French may gain another 20-30 million speakers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but English will gain similar numbers if not more from Nigeria and India.
I'll concur that there is a big learning curve in creating an Alexa app (which I have done), but I think once you've done it once it is pretty easy from there.
There would be a big market for a "visual basic" style builder for Alexa apps...someone should write one!
I believe that KSC had an average of 2.5 shuttle landings per year from 1981-2011. So indeed, the locals know a bit about sonic booms, but if SpaceX is going to launch once per month, that is quite an increase.
I also suspect the sonic boom of the Falcon 9 first stage is worse because it is basically coming right at KSC, whereas the boom of the Shuttle is spread out over its flight across Florida. The downward trajectory of the F9 booster may focus the boom to some extent.
Besides the Taiping Rebellion, there was the cult of Mao and the Great Leap Forward famine which also killed about 20 million people...
If SpaceX gets up to the launch cadence they want, I suspect the locals will start to get mad the sonic booms of landings... (listen here: https://youtu.be/ApH_mRXwpT0?t... or here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?...)
I'll believe this when I see the human bones...
"[Volunteers] given an oral choline supplement for 2 months have a more than tenfold increase in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite derived from the gut microbiota that has previously been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease.
The increase in plasma TMAO levels is also associated with a corresponding increase in platelet aggregation."
"aspirin attenuated the rise in TMAO levels as well as reduced platelet hyperresponsiveness"
And then his three examples are Sweetgreen, Framebridge, and OrderUp, which are all within one hour driving distance of each other in the DC/Baltimore metroplex.
DC has long been a tech startup area (AOL, UUNET, DIGEX, Ciena, Living Social, etc.), and I know several people who got VC funding for their startups there. New Enterprise Associates (NEA) has been very active in DC, for example.
However I think that the LEVEL and STUPIDITY of VC funding in DC is very different than the SF Bay Area - less money, and less blatantly stupid start-ups get funded in DC.
"We estimated the 10-year risk of both incident stroke and dementia beginning from the 7th examination cycle [of the Framingham Heart Study] (1998â"2001)."
It should be noted that during the study saccharin, acesulfame-K (Sunett/Sweet One), and aspartame (NutraSweet) were FDA approved, whereas sucralose (Splenda) was approved in 1999, neotame in 2002, and stevia in 2008. So who knows, maybe those sweeteners are not linked to stroke & dementia.
"When comparing daily cumulative intake to 0 per week (reference), the hazard ratios were 2.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.26â"6.97) for ischemic stroke and 2.89 (95% confidence interval, 1.18â"7.07) for Alzheimerâ(TM)s disease. Sugar-sweetened beverages were not associated with stroke or dementia."
That is some serious risk increase!
I like LinkedIn, especially because it is a great way to create ad-hoc industry forums for sharing news on developing niche technologies.
But its main use for me is allowing me to figure out which company the salespeople I know are working at this week. Before I email a salesperson who I talked with six months ago, I check their LinkedIn to see if they still work at that company.
Agreed. For YouTube, Net Neutrality means that Comcast pays for YouTube traffic.
Or a robotic electric tug that can autonomously find and attach to the airplane, then be controlled wirelessly by the pilot, then be released from the plane and autonomously (and safely) leave the runway and return for a charge.
Virgin Atlantic "Upper Class" has its own Upper Class Wing at Heathrow where you can "whizz through our very own Private Security Channel, beating the queues. Seamless, stress free and calm, you can go from your car to the Clubhouse within ten minutes."
"How did distribution innovate in the movie business in the last 30 years?"
Umm, I don't know, how about getting rid of film and adopting the Digital Cinema System Specification?
1998 was the first public demo of a digital cinema projector. As of 3 May 2016, 98.2% of the world's cinema screens are now digitized, likely saving $1 billion in distribution costs.
If you teach them modern mining techniques, tool fabrication, and suchlike, they could vastly overhaul their mining operations. Make them safer, more environmentally-friendly (hah whatever), and more profitable.
Why do you think that the techniques of modern mining, tool fabrication, etc. are unavailable to people in Congo? There is little barrier to the movement of information today, and one can purchase advanced mining equipment.
The problem is that a kleptocratic, socialist government combined with warfare makes it impossible for people in Congo to accumulate the capital required to purchase mining equipment and operate it profitably.
I know someone who owned a functioning modern gold mine in West Africa. The government came in and took it, breaking up into pieces for people to sell and make some money.
WHO says that 3.3 million deaths linked to indoor air pollution.
WHO Assistant Director-General Family, Women and Children's Health says "Poor women and children pay a heavy price from indoor air pollution since they spend more time at home breathing in smoke and soot from leaky coal and wood cook stoves."
Providing electricity or gas mechanisms for cooking could solve those 3.3 million deaths. But that simply requires some level of economic development.
Doing more orders with the same people is exactly the same thing as reducing human employees to service the same number of orders
The only way I see automation bringing in more customers is if customer wait time was a problem already (because perhaps they couldn't hire enough efficient workers?) Or if automation reduces the prices, it could bring in more demand.
However in most places there is a finite supply of lunch crowd, so a rise in customers in one restaurant means a reduction in another, potentially closing it.
Change is disruptive to people's lives. They need time to retrain and the economy needs time to figure out what to do with this labor supply that wasn't there yesterday.
A $15 minimum wage will sure speed that change up!
I'd pay the $17/month to replace a kid's wages if they went to school.
How would you get the funds to them without them being stolen?
So for $35/month you could pay the kid to go school and provide books
Then they'd be educated and without a job, because the economy is so screwed up there.
You may remember that communist Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union compared favorably with Western Europe and the United States in years of schooling attained, yet per capita incomes in those countries were substantially lower.
You can't "aid" your way out of an inherent problem with politics and governance.
Here is what the Index of Economic Freedom has to say about the DRC:
"Economic development in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been severely undermined by decades of instability and violence. Poor economic management worsened by repeated political crises has constrained economic freedom and driven much of the population into persistent poverty. The government's inability to provide even basic public goods reliably further limits economic opportunity.
Entrepreneurial activity is curtailed by an uncertain regulatory environment and the absence of institutional support for or facilitation of private-sector development. Arbitrary taxation, poor infrastructure, marginal enforcement of property rights, and the weak rule of law have driven many people and enterprises into the informal sector, which accounts for more than 80 percent of economic activity."
French Congo or Belgian Congo
Wake up dude, it is the larger Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southeast (capital: Kinshasa, formerly Zaire) or the smaller Republic of the Congo to the northwest (capital: Brazzaville).
"English" because it is the indigenous language of the people of England.
English is the language of the Anglo-Saxon invaders, later bastardized by Norman French invaders.
Common Britannic (which developed into Welsh and Cornish) is the indigenous language of England...