now, pa-lease, can anyone explain to me why this is even on slashdot - low hitech news day? I think we shoulda've learned by now that a vast majority of biomedical news is trash, simple as that, trash. Overblown, misrepresented and misunderstood, period.
The laws of thermodynamics impose that energy and entropy of any system increase with increasing temperature. As a consequence, solids generally melt, and the liquid ?nally vaporizes. Well-known exceptions are systems where heating leads to irreversible chemical changes, such as polymerization, for example. The reversible gelation of polymer solutions upon heating is also well known,1 but the observation, reported here, of a reversible liquid-solid transition upon heating of a liquid composed of relatively small and rigid molecules is highly unusual and unexpected at ?rst sight. This behavior is exhibited by liquid solutions composed of a-cyclodextrine CD , water, and 4-methypyridine 4MP with molar ratios in the range of 1:6: 30-100 , respectively. Cyclodextrines are the cyclic association 6, 7, or 8 glucose units -, -, and -cyclodextrines, see Fig. 1 , and form readily inclusion compounds with a wide variety of molecules. In preparing the inclusion complex of 4MP in CD, hydrated CD was dissolved in 4MP. At ambient temperature, up to 300 g/l of CD can be dissolved in 4MP, and the resulting solution is homogeneous and transparent. When this solution was heated it turned into a milky-white solid. Upon cooling back to ambient temperature, the original homogeneous solution was recovered after some time and the process could be repeated inde?nitely. The temperature at which the solution solidi?es decreases with increasing concentration of CD in 4MP see Fig. 2 . Commercial CD is always hydrated, and when a solution was prepared with CD dried in a desiccator under vacuum and 4MP dried over a molecular sieve, the resulting solution solidi?ed only partially and formed a slurry, while solutions, in which 1 g/l of water was added, completely solidi?ed. Photomicrographs of the solid phase see Fig. 2 inset show inhomogeneous structure, which explains the strong light scattering and milky aspect of the solid phase. Analogous observations of ''freezing on heating'' were made for other methyl-pyridines and pyridine as well as for other cyclodextrines, but a detailed characterization was made here only for the system of CD in 4MP as described below. In order to characterize the structure and molecular motions across the phase transition, neutron scattering experiments were performed at the Institute-Laue-Langevin ILL.2 Since the scattering cross section of protons and deuterons differ considerably, neutron scattering has the advantage that isotopic hydrogen-deuterium replacement can be used as a contrast variation method to reveal the structure as well as the dynamics of different molecular components separately. Unless otherwise speci?ed, the concentration of the samples used in all these measurements was 200 g CD in 11 of 4MP, corresponding to a molecular ratio of 1/50 and a transition temperature of 64C. Quasielastic neutron scattering with instruments of different energy resolution IN5, IN10, IN16 probes the dynamics at different time scales. Indeed, the broadening of the energy distribution of scattered neutrons so-called quasielastic broadening is proportional to the rate of decay of the position-position correlation function of the scattering nuclei, while information about the geometry of the motions i
now, to add to my prior post, the Army new about this since 2001, and guess what they say, oh worry not, folks, this thing won't go off at all. When was it the last time you heard the Army say - this is really bad, let,s take care of it for christ sake...
unbelievable, man!
now, forget about the one they have located (if it is the ONE)...
What about other 10? WTF, we are not aloud to spit in sink a lab because of environment, but 10 nukes are out there just rotting away? Are some damn ruskies who care less for sh*t...?
Damn, this place is a mess!
Reading Notes on iPod sucks due to smal size of allowed space (4K I believe)... you are forced to scroll back to root every minute or so...
IMO, most interesting bit of this story is the "wi-" part - just wait until everything we used to see as an "i-something" will turn into wi:
wiTunes, wiLife... wiFE... he-he
yep, same logic should be applied to proud owners of 3GH laptops and desktops who do no more than checking our email, browsing pr0n or light word-processing...
... by dogs (as in K9)... walk around, leave "notes" for others to read and read their notes...we think they "mark" territory but nay - they are living "stickies"...
you right, I looked this over
this is just a simulation
I get to hear a lot of similar stuff at MIT over the past few years
nothing to do with real experimental science (read reality)
that what happens when computer geeks eneter bimedicine
this is called prostitution of an educated mind...
But this will pass once M$ runs low on cash (in the 4th millenium?)
Really, any CS graduate who is dying to work for M$ shows much of his inner qualities by making this choice - which frees more positions for better kids in other places.
$t0p using M$!!!
...while Americans are dumb, incompetent, lazy, fat, ignorant and arrogant which qualifies them to manage all russians, indians, chinese and taiwanese combined...
two points, mate:
1. you DIDN'T have to tell to EVERYBODY about these sites - I was worried forever about them going down due to attention from RIAA... now I am screwed...
2. on the other hand: what if these sites ARE organized by RIAA?
it would cost them nothing but they have your info and CC#, great, ha?
that's RIAASSIA for you!!!
Let's wait for the paper to come out before we make any conclusions. Craig Venter's commertial interests and huge ego are well known - he has announced "completing" human, mouse and now dog genomes which is far from being complete.
And find a diff mod to deal with molecular biology and genomics/genetics and such - reading idiotic statements marked as insightful makes slashdot look like FOX news.
Slashdot Mirror
what a retard you are!
how about blindness (if you know what I mean...)!!!!
Dear S-dotters, I would like to dress up as "an iPod Killer" tonite for a party - what should I look like?
My choices are:
a) a hammer.
b) a walkman.
c) an LP...
But Wait - I can dress up practically as anything and claim myself to be an iPod Killer to have same smashing success...
OK, now back to carving that pumpkin...
now, pa-lease, can anyone explain to me why this is even on slashdot - low hitech news day? I think we shoulda've learned by now that a vast majority of biomedical news is trash, simple as that, trash. Overblown, misrepresented and misunderstood, period.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS VOLUME 121, NUMBER 11 15 SEPTEMBER 2004
.2 Since the scattering cross section of protons and deuterons differ considerably, neutron scattering has the advantage that isotopic hydrogen-deuterium replacement can be used as a contrast variation method to reveal the structure as well as the dynamics of different molecular components separately. Unless otherwise speci?ed, the concentration of the samples used in all these measurements was 200 g CD in 11 of 4MP, corresponding to a molecular ratio of 1/50 and a transition temperature of 64C. Quasielastic neutron scattering with instruments of different energy resolution IN5, IN10, IN16 probes the dynamics at different time scales. Indeed, the broadening of the energy distribution of scattered neutrons so-called quasielastic broadening is proportional to the rate of decay of the position-position correlation function of the scattering nuclei, while information about the geometry of the motions i
COMMUNICATIONS Freezing on heating of liquid solutions
We report a reversible liquid-solid transition upon heating of a simple solution composed of a-cyclodextrine CD , water, and 4-methylpyridine. These solutions are homogeneous and transparent at ambient temperature and solidify when heated to temperatures between 45 and 75. Quasielastic and elastic neutron scattering show that molecular motions are slowed down in the solid and that crystalline order is established. The solution ''freezes on heating.'' This process is fully reversible, on cooling the solid melts. A rearrangement of hydrogen bonds is postulated to be responsible for the observed phenomenon. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.1794652
The laws of thermodynamics impose that energy and entropy of any system increase with increasing temperature. As a consequence, solids generally melt, and the liquid ?nally vaporizes. Well-known exceptions are systems where heating leads to irreversible chemical changes, such as polymerization, for example. The reversible gelation of polymer solutions upon heating is also well known,1 but the observation, reported here, of a reversible liquid-solid transition upon heating of a liquid composed of relatively small and rigid molecules is highly unusual and unexpected at ?rst sight. This behavior is exhibited by liquid solutions composed of a-cyclodextrine CD , water, and 4-methypyridine 4MP with molar ratios in the range of 1:6: 30-100 , respectively. Cyclodextrines are the cyclic association 6, 7, or 8 glucose units -, -, and -cyclodextrines, see Fig. 1 , and form readily inclusion compounds with a wide variety of molecules. In preparing the inclusion complex of 4MP in CD, hydrated CD was dissolved in 4MP. At ambient temperature, up to 300 g/l of CD can be dissolved in 4MP, and the resulting solution is homogeneous and transparent. When this solution was heated it turned into a milky-white solid. Upon cooling back to ambient temperature, the original homogeneous solution was recovered after some time and the process could be repeated inde?nitely. The temperature at which the solution solidi?es decreases with increasing concentration of CD in 4MP see Fig. 2 . Commercial CD is always hydrated, and when a solution was prepared with CD dried in a desiccator under vacuum and 4MP dried over a molecular sieve, the resulting solution solidi?ed only partially and formed a slurry, while solutions, in which 1 g/l of water was added, completely solidi?ed. Photomicrographs of the solid phase see Fig. 2 inset show inhomogeneous structure, which explains the strong light scattering and milky aspect of the solid phase. Analogous observations of ''freezing on heating'' were made for other methyl-pyridines and pyridine as well as for other cyclodextrines, but a detailed characterization was made here only for the system of CD in 4MP as described below. In order to characterize the structure and molecular motions across the phase transition, neutron scattering experiments were performed at the Institute-Laue-Langevin ILL
now, to add to my prior post, the Army new about this since 2001, and guess what they say, oh worry not, folks, this thing won't go off at all. When was it the last time you heard the Army say - this is really bad, let,s take care of it for christ sake... unbelievable, man!
now, forget about the one they have located (if it is the ONE)... What about other 10? WTF, we are not aloud to spit in sink a lab because of environment, but 10 nukes are out there just rotting away? Are some damn ruskies who care less for sh*t ...?
Damn, this place is a mess!
and moderators give this lame crap joke a "5 Funny" UP Your butts!!! that's funny!
than I am Linus Torvalds...
Reading Notes on iPod sucks due to smal size of allowed space (4K I believe)... you are forced to scroll back to root every minute or so... IMO, most interesting bit of this story is the "wi-" part - just wait until everything we used to see as an "i-something" will turn into wi: wiTunes, wiLife... wiFE... he-he
yep, same logic should be applied to proud owners of 3GH laptops and desktops who do no more than checking our email, browsing pr0n or light word-processing...
...
by dogs (as in K9)...
walk around, leave "notes" for others to read and read their notes...we think they "mark" territory but nay - they are living "stickies"...
you right, I looked this over this is just a simulation I get to hear a lot of similar stuff at MIT over the past few years nothing to do with real experimental science (read reality) that what happens when computer geeks eneter bimedicine
this is called prostitution of an educated mind... But this will pass once M$ runs low on cash (in the 4th millenium?) Really, any CS graduate who is dying to work for M$ shows much of his inner qualities by making this choice - which frees more positions for better kids in other places. $t0p using M$!!!
...while Americans are dumb, incompetent, lazy, fat, ignorant and arrogant which qualifies them to manage all russians, indians, chinese and taiwanese combined...
two points, mate: 1. you DIDN'T have to tell to EVERYBODY about these sites - I was worried forever about them going down due to attention from RIAA... now I am screwed... 2. on the other hand: what if these sites ARE organized by RIAA? it would cost them nothing but they have your info and CC#, great, ha? that's RIAASSIA for you!!!
that's a good one - we'll try to remember when collecting potatoes next fall...
Dogs were named Belka, Strelka, Laika, Gonzo
until some doc at Johns Hopkins discovers stem cells for penis then we'll see who's bigger
gimme a break - what is so informative about this opinion?
... Bill Gates of Microsoft has admitted to be a secret and a major is a sponsor of Clonaid (http://www.clonaid.com/news.php).
Just imagine Apple Computer using a picture of bearded and dirty Saddam right out of his hole in their Think Different add compaign.
The simple fact that Micro$oft is involved in creating this "technology" or what-have-you "standard" gives me creeps. rm -f Micro$oft
Mac OS X
Let's wait for the paper to come out before we make any conclusions. Craig Venter's commertial interests and huge ego are well known - he has announced "completing" human, mouse and now dog genomes which is far from being complete. And find a diff mod to deal with molecular biology and genomics/genetics and such - reading idiotic statements marked as insightful makes slashdot look like FOX news.