I don't see why you thought of this as "adding segment registers" to the architecture. I don't understand how this could pop into your head. Really. The x86 has no functionality similar to this, and the only thing that came close was the Virtual-8086 mode which came to life ONLY with the creation of a (then 16-bit) Protected Mode on the 286, wherein the segment registers started to contain references to entries in the GLOBAL DESCRIPTOR TABLE and LOCAL DESCRIPTOR TABLES, instead of being used directly in memory address computation. (Protected Mode allowed access control to memory and I/O, and was the only reason why the x86 is treated like a "real" CPU now and not as an MCU. Finally the OS couldn't be crashed by the user applications fubarring. The 386 expanded on the idea by implementing a 32-bit Protected Mode (and obviously extending the registers and increasing the memory range from 16MB to 4GB)). The PPC already has segment registers. Here is a quick run-down of the PPC memory managment facilities.
Program memory references are 32-bit logical addresses. The 4 high order bits of the logical address index a set of segment registers, each of which contains a 24-bit ``virtual segment identifier''(VSID). The logical address is concatenated with the VSID to produce a virtual address. There is a translation look-aside buffer of cached virtual -> physical translations and hashed page tables indexed by a (hashed) virtual address. The tables are organized into ``buckets'', each consisting of eight page table entries (PTEs). Each PTE contains a 20-bit physical page address, a 24-bit virtual segment identifier (VSID) and permission and other housekeeping information. Once a TLB miss occurs, a hash function is computed on the virtual address to obtain the index of a bucket. If no matching entry is found in this bucket, a secondary hash function is computed to find the index of an overflow bucket. If no entry is found in either bucket, the OS must determine further action. The PPC also offers an alternative translation from logical to physical that bypasses the TLB/hash-table paging mechanism. When a logical address is referenced, the processor begins the page lookup and, in parallel, begins an operation called block address translation(BAT). Block address translation depends on BAT registers. The BAT registers associate virtual blocks of 128K or more with physical segments. If a translation via the BAT registers succeeds, the page table translation is abandoned.
Well the machine I have is a dual 604e PowerMac clone, so I could help you through Debian installation if you have an old beige PowerMac. It sounds like you have one of the IBM PowerPC (PReP?) machines since you mentioned IBM. I have nil experience with those.
Heh funny stuff. I attended the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, so I can't really complain about not getting a decent education... but the grades 7 through 9 had been the dullest I've ever had. Interestingly, most of my vivid memories and "neat useful things" that I learned belong in 6th grade, which I attended in
Scuola Media di Constantino Nivola,
Frutti D'Oro,
CA, 09012, Italia
1) Grasp of basic french. I can't speak it anymore, but I will understand some of it.
2) Graphing - and I mean with paper, pencil, compass and ruler. Something I've (unfortunately) never had the chance to learn anywhere else.
3) Where I learned my Algebra. Of course, the following year I was dumped into an ESL program (where I ended up *teaching* English *sigh*, dumbfucks) and into a "Math for Tards" course which I couldn't get out of... because "I was the foreign weird student." Whatever.
Whats the problem with the American public education system? Ignorance and apathy. Funny that being a Russian 11 year-old (barely coherent in Italian) did not stop me from attending NORMAL classes, having full respect of my peers and professors, and going from failing to excelling grades. There were no road blocks. There was no second-class status. However when I got to the USA with an already-excellent (although more British) grasp of English, I was treated as a second-class student. I was shoved into an ESL program, even though I protested that decision and clearly did not belong. I was ignored. It took me a superhuman effort to finally break through and get into an Honors section for my 8th grade, but even then my Core (SocSci, English) teacher was horribly biased against me and treated me like shit. Funny how I didn't have to suffer through this, while being in a much worse academical position, in Italy? What a fine example of the American public education system. 7th and 8th grades were the biggest waste of my time ever. In fact, I learned absolutely nothing new, with the exception of *my own* forrays into electronics, system administration and computer programming. Thanks for killing two years of my life and making my life miserable. Its a good thing I found out about IMSA.
No... when I read the blurb I though I was going to see something sleek, slim-desktop and black brushed-metal. Something that *LOOKS* like it belongs near my Harman-Kardon receiver, not something that looks like it belongs to be stacked on top of one of those tiny dorm fridges...
220W power supply? What the hell is that good for nowadays? And this beats a good-looking HTPC case and an EPIA how?
Funny how Firefox ends up throwing mysterious errors for a self-proclaimed Microsoft security expert, and yet... I, humble CS student and IT worker, never had ANY issues (re)installing Firefox on Windows? As of... right now to check it out?
I call bull. Oh Em Gee, he can't trust mirror sites due to "a bunch of students." Sure buddy... ftp mirrors are run by untrustworthy black-hat punk h4x0rs, and THATS when they are *not* listening to evil Satan-influenced "Rock and Roll," shagging it up or doing dope... right?::sigh::::whatever::
Go at it. I have Karma to burn.
Slight difference. Not to belittle his achievements, but he hacked existing systems to fit a certain smaller format.... much like the Apple iBook-tablet guy. However this Jerri individual has designed a complete C64 from the ground up - and not only that - but designed an entire system (in ATX format) that can emulate a C64, Atari 2600, ZX Sinclaire or whatnot. Thats pretty freaking cool. I've been to C=1's site a couple of years ago and it impressed the hell out of me. The fact that THAT SYSTEM was designed by a highschool drop-out geek grrl just does it in for me - I am simply speechless. Kudos./me goes back to breadboarding my Z80 micro.
Hehe break open those sound data files... you can find some sounds there which never made it to the real game.
"Teeeeeam killer!!!"
"Spaaaawn camper!!!"
Of course, my favorite taunt from the game is "Your programming is inferior."
I'm glad you're not my parent. With you I'd probably be still in publik skool, failing horribly. Oh yeah, I've had 5 in my room until this fall, when I had to get rid of all the obsolete crap in my room. I needed the desk space for homework, y'know. Hehe. I also attended the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, btw. Now its time for me to get my paper diploma at UIC. Right, so... the den... I've got an Amiga A3000, a Pentium Pro server, a dual Pentium Pro server, a clone dual-604e PowerMac and EISA 486. 4/5 run debian. The Amiga doesn't have a keyboard, but amiboot loads the kernel just fine - I just can't get anywhere else with it.
What are you talking about? Static RAM != ROM. SRAM differs from DRAM in that it doesn't need to be constantly refreshed. DRAM does, else it will lose its information. SRAM is still RAM, not read-only memory.
And SRAM does NOT have a smaller footprint (density) than DRAM. And its incredulously expensive compared to DRAM. SRAM is just not cost effective to use for main memory.
Slashdot Mirror
Meh. its not Base64 and sure as heck isn't UUEnc.
And obviously I described the PPC-32, since I have no knowledge of PPC-64, aside from minor assembly.
I don't see why you thought of this as "adding segment registers" to the architecture. I don't understand how this could pop into your head. Really. The x86 has no functionality similar to this, and the only thing that came close was the Virtual-8086 mode which came to life ONLY with the creation of a (then 16-bit) Protected Mode on the 286, wherein the segment registers started to contain references to entries in the GLOBAL DESCRIPTOR TABLE and LOCAL DESCRIPTOR TABLES, instead of being used directly in memory address computation. (Protected Mode allowed access control to memory and I/O, and was the only reason why the x86 is treated like a "real" CPU now and not as an MCU. Finally the OS couldn't be crashed by the user applications fubarring. The 386 expanded on the idea by implementing a 32-bit Protected Mode (and obviously extending the registers and increasing the memory range from 16MB to 4GB)). The PPC already has segment registers. Here is a quick run-down of the PPC memory managment facilities.
Program memory references are 32-bit logical addresses. The 4 high order bits of the logical address index a set of segment registers, each of which contains a 24-bit ``virtual segment identifier''(VSID). The logical address is concatenated with the VSID to produce a virtual address. There is a translation look-aside buffer of cached virtual -> physical translations and hashed page tables indexed by a (hashed) virtual address. The tables are organized into ``buckets'', each consisting of eight page table entries (PTEs). Each PTE contains a 20-bit physical page address, a 24-bit virtual segment identifier (VSID) and permission and other housekeeping information. Once a TLB miss occurs, a hash function is computed on the virtual address to obtain the index of a bucket. If no matching entry is found in this bucket, a secondary hash function is computed to find the index of an overflow bucket. If no entry is found in either bucket, the OS must determine further action. The PPC also offers an alternative translation from logical to physical that bypasses the TLB/hash-table paging mechanism. When a logical address is referenced, the processor begins the page lookup and, in parallel, begins an operation called block address translation(BAT). Block address translation depends on BAT registers. The BAT registers associate virtual blocks of 128K or more with physical segments. If a translation via the BAT registers succeeds, the page table translation is abandoned.
I am a *nix zealot, but I would say ReactOS(http://reactos.com/) is coming along pretty good to BECOME that viable open-source non-*nix alternative.
Now really, how could you ever guess... Now don't complain about how you "don't know french." You don't NEED to for something as basic as this.
Well the machine I have is a dual 604e PowerMac clone, so I could help you through Debian installation if you have an old beige PowerMac. It sounds like you have one of the IBM PowerPC (PReP?) machines since you mentioned IBM. I have nil experience with those.
Heh funny stuff. I attended the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, so I can't really complain about not getting a decent education... but the grades 7 through 9 had been the dullest I've ever had. Interestingly, most of my vivid memories and "neat useful things" that I learned belong in 6th grade, which I attended in Scuola Media di Constantino Nivola, Frutti D'Oro, CA, 09012, Italia 1) Grasp of basic french. I can't speak it anymore, but I will understand some of it. 2) Graphing - and I mean with paper, pencil, compass and ruler. Something I've (unfortunately) never had the chance to learn anywhere else. 3) Where I learned my Algebra. Of course, the following year I was dumped into an ESL program (where I ended up *teaching* English *sigh*, dumbfucks) and into a "Math for Tards" course which I couldn't get out of... because "I was the foreign weird student." Whatever. Whats the problem with the American public education system? Ignorance and apathy. Funny that being a Russian 11 year-old (barely coherent in Italian) did not stop me from attending NORMAL classes, having full respect of my peers and professors, and going from failing to excelling grades. There were no road blocks. There was no second-class status. However when I got to the USA with an already-excellent (although more British) grasp of English, I was treated as a second-class student. I was shoved into an ESL program, even though I protested that decision and clearly did not belong. I was ignored. It took me a superhuman effort to finally break through and get into an Honors section for my 8th grade, but even then my Core (SocSci, English) teacher was horribly biased against me and treated me like shit. Funny how I didn't have to suffer through this, while being in a much worse academical position, in Italy? What a fine example of the American public education system. 7th and 8th grades were the biggest waste of my time ever. In fact, I learned absolutely nothing new, with the exception of *my own* forrays into electronics, system administration and computer programming. Thanks for killing two years of my life and making my life miserable. Its a good thing I found out about IMSA.
No... when I read the blurb I though I was going to see something sleek, slim-desktop and black brushed-metal. Something that *LOOKS* like it belongs near my Harman-Kardon receiver, not something that looks like it belongs to be stacked on top of one of those tiny dorm fridges...
220W power supply? What the hell is that good for nowadays? And this beats a good-looking HTPC case and an EPIA how?
Funny how Firefox ends up throwing mysterious errors for a self-proclaimed Microsoft security expert, and yet... I, humble CS student and IT worker, never had ANY issues (re)installing Firefox on Windows? As of... right now to check it out? I call bull. Oh Em Gee, he can't trust mirror sites due to "a bunch of students." Sure buddy... ftp mirrors are run by untrustworthy black-hat punk h4x0rs, and THATS when they are *not* listening to evil Satan-influenced "Rock and Roll," shagging it up or doing dope... right? ::sigh:: ::whatever::
Go at it. I have Karma to burn.
Interesting. Certainly now that I know a 604 will smoke a Sparc 20, I'll stop my hunt for one now that I already have a dual 604e...
Metra is a complete scam though. And don't get me even started on the "routes" offered by PACE.
Slight difference. Not to belittle his achievements, but he hacked existing systems to fit a certain smaller format.... much like the Apple iBook-tablet guy. However this Jerri individual has designed a complete C64 from the ground up - and not only that - but designed an entire system (in ATX format) that can emulate a C64, Atari 2600, ZX Sinclaire or whatnot. Thats pretty freaking cool. I've been to C=1's site a couple of years ago and it impressed the hell out of me. The fact that THAT SYSTEM was designed by a highschool drop-out geek grrl just does it in for me - I am simply speechless. Kudos. /me goes back to breadboarding my Z80 micro.
Was "and stuff" a give-away?
*sigh* ::envy:: Remind me again why I am stuck in Chicago, IL?
I hate IRTA/CTA/Metra.
No, he specifically said anti-fuse FPGA.
5 6&Cate goryID=277&Page=1
2 60&Cate goryID=278&Page=1
Here is one-
http://www.phnx.co.il/Index.asp?ArticleID=2
Flash based FPGA? Sure.
http://www.phnx.co.il/Index.asp?ArticleID=
I think Flash-based FPGA provide the best of both worlds - they are reprogrammable, but hold their configuration between power-ups.
Thats awesome though... You worked with PALs/PLDs/CPLDs. Thats old skool.
Hehe break open those sound data files... you can find some sounds there which never made it to the real game. "Teeeeeam killer!!!" "Spaaaawn camper!!!" Of course, my favorite taunt from the game is "Your programming is inferior."
http://ranger.befunk.com/pics/latest/Coast%20with% 20Mom-Pages/Image172.html
Take the integral. Hint hint. Its *not* 68 or 70.
Ah, you mean like the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy?
Heheh, Dr. Keyton put his faith in the TI-89 for my DFQ class, but thats probably cause he is partial to TI, still partly working there.
Dr. Fogel's Multivariable Calc not only gave me an easy A on the proficiency exam for "Multivariable Calc" at UIC, but actually covered more material.
I wish I lived in Silly Valley, and were rich and had a Segway. Then I could hang out with The Woz and my nerddom would be complete :-D.
Wow. Nena? "99 Luftballons?" You're old. :-D
You were watching it with a (dynamic) Shared Object? I'm guessing a CODEC? :-D
I'm glad you're not my parent. With you I'd probably be still in publik skool, failing horribly. Oh yeah, I've had 5 in my room until this fall, when I had to get rid of all the obsolete crap in my room. I needed the desk space for homework, y'know. Hehe. I also attended the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, btw. Now its time for me to get my paper diploma at UIC. Right, so... the den... I've got an Amiga A3000, a Pentium Pro server, a dual Pentium Pro server, a clone dual-604e PowerMac and EISA 486. 4/5 run debian. The Amiga doesn't have a keyboard, but amiboot loads the kernel just fine - I just can't get anywhere else with it.
Oh.... damn... after reviewing all the responses to the parent. I think it just hit me - gentlemen, we've been trolled and made fools of. Dayamn.
What are you talking about? Static RAM != ROM. SRAM differs from DRAM in that it doesn't need to be constantly refreshed. DRAM does, else it will lose its information. SRAM is still RAM, not read-only memory.
And SRAM does NOT have a smaller footprint (density) than DRAM. And its incredulously expensive compared to DRAM. SRAM is just not cost effective to use for main memory.