Flicker on a CRT was typically at 25/50/75/100Hz, 30/60/90/120Hz. At or above 50Hz, flicker was usually not noticeable or a problem except for sitting very close to very large screens (because flicker gets noticed faster in our peripheral view). If you get serious headaches from 50/60Hz flicker, you should get headaches from ANY non-solid-state artificial lighting (incandescent, fluorescent, halogen,...) because the net operates at 50/60Hz and thus these lights go dimmer/brighter at that frequency (not on/off because there is an afterglow (heat)).
LED PWM generally sits at a carrier of ~1kHz and can easily be as high as 1MHz for consumer grade (there is actually an increased cost for lower frequencies as the capacitors and coils are larger), this is well outside the range that our brain can notice or process. You should have more issues with displays that have non-LED backlight because they could be at a low multiple of the net's frequency.
As it mentions, telegraph seems to be a legal correspondence much like faxes are still considered legal correspondence in the US over e-mail or any other type of electronic document exchange. Try sending an e-mail to your local court house even with a digital certificate, they still by-and-large only accept in-person, fax or registered mail. Some countries in Europe have digital certificates for it's citizens which is considered equal to a signature, not so much in the US.
And given the almost religious "patriotic" response after 9/11 within the US I would say, 2,000 more "patriots" would gladly give their lives in order for the government not to be oppressing the rest of the world like this. Right?
Which Paul (also according to the gospels) repealed by calling upon Caesar. The Roman justice system was quite advanced with multiple levels of courts. According to the gospels, Jesus remained quiet therefore WANTING to die a martyr and fulfilling his own prophecies. He was a criminal nutjob at best.
The idiot at the Post Office is REQUIRED to take his lunch at a particular time and he'll do so and take an extra 30 minutes break because he's unionized. If his boss told him to be productive and wait a half hour extra take his lunch, the entire postal service will go on strike and they'll have to renegotiate the hourly wage contract and 6 weeks paid vacation time and unlimited paid personal days.
SOME phones come pre-loaded and I wouldn't be surprised if Android and even feature-phones come pre-loaded. You could also wipe pre-installed configuration profiles if you are so inclined. Or simply don't trust any hotspots that aren't your own, you know, common sense...
Actually, the authentication doesn't happen at the base station level. The authentication gets passed to a RADIUS server (which authenticates individual base stations based on individual pre-shared keys), the RADIUS server has their own SSL certificate which needs to be accepted on the client (even if there is a trusted chain, and the certificate is 'valid', my iOS devices still asks me to verify the server certificate), then through TTLS or PEAP (or whatever authentication mechanism you specify) the RADIUS server authenticates the username/password (or device using a client-side certificate) internally and then tells the base station to allow the client or not.
Why would we need yet another standard. Simply don't trust open access points and encrypt everything, use HTTPS, IMAPS, SMTPS, SFTP,... VPN if necessary. Even traffic on hotspots with a PSK are vulnerable as long as the attacker can get to the key.
HTTPS is another layer entirely and already complains when the certificate isn't valid or isn't signed by a trustworthy vendor, it's relatively hard to get a trusted SSL certificate to be accepted by any ol' device. HTTP STS only builds further on SSL by having a built-in list of sites or sites telling you (with a time) to connect only through HTTPS to that site. HTTP STS still doesn't fix MITM attacks with valid signed certificates by a compromised or untrustworthy root.
This is entirely by design, large deployments of WiFi simply have the same settings on each base station and then use WPA2 Enterprise (instead of WPA2-PSK) to do access control.
If you have large deployment of unsecured wireless networks (such as guest networks), same thing happens, the client connects to the base station with the best signal and the given SSID.
I don't see where this is a problem: - It is defined in the 802.11 standard for roaming - If you use an insecure (open) network, by definition you don't have any security or encryption - If you use a WPA2-PSK network, you should use a good key, if the attacker knows your key, regardless of whether they set up a fake base station they can decrypt your data - This is all mitigated using WPA2 Enterprise since you have end-to-end per-user encryption
What the fuck does HTTPS have to do with this? This is an entirely different layer.
The performance is similar across the board but significantly improved using it's new instructions (AVX2). The HD5000 IGP however is significantly better than it's predecessor.
LOL so you go from one proprietary controlled software to another proprietary controlled software? What's to say M$ won't pull the same shit they did in the past or that Oracle does right now with Java?
You can get 10GbE switches sub-10k nowadays. Netgear (which makes some really good stuff) has a 24 port SFP+ switch for $8k and a 24 port copper switch (with a couple of SFP+ ports) for $6k. 10GbE network adapters start at ~$200.
I don't understand the question at all. The 5th amendment (and all others) were written to protect the innocent from an overreaching government. Therefore, all amendments have a net benefit by protecting innocent people. If you claim that there is no benefit to the 5th because criminals are hiding behind it, then you have your premise wrong, that's not what the 5th is there for. The founding fathers found it much more important to allow 100 criminals let go on a technicality if it saved 1 innocent life (mind you that back then, the punishment for eg. grand theft auto (or horse) was death by hanging).
Like all laws in the US, the government is ALLOWED by the laws to do certain actions and is NOT ALLOWED to do any other actions not specified by law. While the government can make more laws, the 5th (and all other amendments) restrains the government from overstepping their boundaries while making those laws.
There are plenty of scenarios which you immediately dismiss: - The overzealous prosecutor/cop, this happens a lot and the 5th DOES protect innocent people against incriminating themselves against a crime they have not committed. Sure, the "government" could still make someone innocent admit it but this can then be challenged in higher courts which are (supposed to be) 'more pure' and 'more experienced' than the lower courts.
Another example, a murder has been committed. Did you commit this murder. According to law: - If you say YES, you're immediately found guilty, trial is merely a fight about sentencing. - If you say NO and you DID commit the murder, you have lied and therefore can be found guilty for making false statements plus your credibility goes down drastically (credibility aka "your name" is being held in high regard in common law, this stems from the fact that way back when common law was established - magna carta etc. - your family name was quite important not to be blemished by lies especially if you ever wanted to hold a position of power such as a lord, king or enter into knighthood) - If you keep your mouth shut, plead the 5th and it goes to trial you can go ahead and make your case that the murder was done in self defense (or back in the day, to defend your honor, defend your name from an impostor, you were challenged to a duel, he touched your property/wife...)
There only needs to be 1 case for the 5th to be beneficial in order for the 5th to have merit to society.
If you can't get a raise, then look for other work.
Given you know nothing of either Exchange or SQL... what do you do right now for websites, databases and e-mail? Get a handle on your own environment first, know how it works down to the detail.
Exchange and MSSQL Server are just implementations of an MTA and a database server. You've got to understand the principles first. I had minimal experience with MSSQL but when I moved from a hosting company using primarily MySQL to a manufacturing company using MSSQL, I had no issues understanding that it was slow because the tables didn't have any indexes or that it was unsafe to use in-code SQL statements.
I have wondered myself recently too if it were at all possible. Someone was trying to open a rather expensive car in a parking lot (forgot keys or whatever, security was helping too so not a burglary) - I thought, if you can just pop the hood (you can open a hood with simple tools) and connect to one of the busses, can't you just tell the car to unlock by sending a message on it. It's most likely on a CAN or I2C bus, something open-y enough that you can just get a generic system for most cars. An Arduino could probably do it.
JavaScript/jQuery is supposed to do small things on a web page that make functionality easier. Not be built out of it. If your site doesn't work with JavaScript disabled, then it's a bad site not only for the ever growing list of people running some type of ad-blocker and/or script-blocker but also for all the platforms that don't have perfect JS support such as machines (Google is just the beginning, wait until Watson-type machines start getting more popular...). If a machine can't parse your site without executing something on it's side, it's a useless site and can't be found.
I am a web developer and I do use jQuery but it's to make a user's job easier such as a date/time picker (which for some reason still isn't fully implemented in the stock jQuery) or sortable tables (which is a UI and therefore client-side thing, not a server thing), not to make it more difficult to parse out the data. A server-side script generating CSS and HTML is far more capable and responsive for presenting data than jQuery's internal routines to generate the same HTML from an XML-source, if you really want to do that (parse XML into other XML) we have XSLT.
Actually, just like real athletes, it's better if you can keep your athletes focused on the game without energy drinks and junk food. Same for any other sports - sure you can get into an amateur league on beer and hot dogs but once you get to the middle to high-end leagues, you need a proper diet, discipline and training and especially when you go into the top leagues, nobody (even the fans) would approve of beer, hot dogs or energy drinks at anytime during the game.
Same goes for e-sports, you need proper training and practice in the game, you sometimes live in a house with your team, your team practices against you and against other teams. But you also need to be physically and mentally fit, not only for the game itself but also for the extensive travel and long hours during tournaments. I don't know any e-sports champion that is an obese, basement dwelling geek.
For CS (Computer SCIENCE) it is quite important. You'll be crunching numbers all the time, that's what CS-people do, they make computers do very complicated math problems.
If you're looking to do computer technician, network engineer etc. some basic math is still required but nowhere near as heavy. If you're looking to do programming, depending on the field you're trying to program for, you may need little or much math. Eg. making games and 3D graphics is very math-heavy, making websites not so much.
CS, require it's own math curriculum, the rest should be satisfied with a high school math curriculum (sets, logic, real numbers, functions, probability, geometry, quadratic equations, integrals,...)
It is basically a link aggregation of VPN links to a VPN endpoint somewhere else. I have noticed better bandwidth ignoring my ISP and using a VPN to one of my servers because a) my server is not being throttled and ISP's don't throttle VPN connections (yet) b) my server is located within my ISP's peering network c) my ISP's CDN's (to YouTube or Netflix) are awful (as in you can't get even a 300kbps stream across without buffering). Direct connection to the actual servers works a lot better and can give me 1080p or higher without issue. d) my ISP's modem (or a router somewhere along the line I don't have control over) crashes when there are too many connections, a VPN is a single connection
The main market seems to be people that have sucky ISP's which is everyone in the US or people that have multiple ISP's and want to use them all for more throughput.
A proxy never works for HTTPS, you're always going to be doing MITM. You want authenticated proxy? Why in the hell would you want that? Proxies are there for caching purposes and maybe for blocking purposes (breaking the Internet on your own network), not for authentication purposes. You're using the wrong tools, you should be using Kerberos for service authentication, 802.1x for device authentication if that's what you really want, to block access to certain sites you could be using transparent proxies or block the DNS queries. Even so, proxies are dead with the amount of user-specific content the Internet generates these days.
1 IT tech per 550 users is indeed a very unreal ratio unless you work at a place like Google where everybody is highly technically adept. Even with heavy handed standardization and lockdown, you simply cannot maintain even the most basic of communications. You would be manning 1500 users, ~2000 computers, ~50 servers, ~150-250 printers and ~100 switches, 50+ access points if you have wireless, miles of cabling you should be halfway upgrading to fiber pretty soon... with 3 people? Who is developing anything? Who is rolling anything out?
Unless you have everything outsourced to the cheapest bidder and a host of consultants that don't count towards your FTE. Even 1 of you guys falling sick or getting hit by a bus would be devastating. From my experience a typical IT person can handle ~100 desktop users, ~250 if you have a well-run tiered help desk system.
If your department truly believes you personally have a hand over 550-800 users, then simply go out there, most likely what has happened is every single department has one or more official or unofficial IT tech and a number of desktop-servers and wifi routers on the desks.
NAC isn't actually all that costly. There are free (as in beer and as in speech) solutions that top the expensive, vendor-centric NAC solutions.
The problem is that NAC is not a security tool, it's a network access control tool. It gives you some control as to what devices can connect to which portions of the network and typically you bump other devices to a VLAN that goes directly to the Internet (like a guest network on WiFi).
Once a device is authenticated (either by a malicious user or more likely, shared credentials or a piece of malware an authentic user unknowingly has installed), your network is still just as vulnerable.
Slashdot Mirror
Flicker on a CRT was typically at 25/50/75/100Hz, 30/60/90/120Hz. At or above 50Hz, flicker was usually not noticeable or a problem except for sitting very close to very large screens (because flicker gets noticed faster in our peripheral view). If you get serious headaches from 50/60Hz flicker, you should get headaches from ANY non-solid-state artificial lighting (incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, ...) because the net operates at 50/60Hz and thus these lights go dimmer/brighter at that frequency (not on/off because there is an afterglow (heat)).
LED PWM generally sits at a carrier of ~1kHz and can easily be as high as 1MHz for consumer grade (there is actually an increased cost for lower frequencies as the capacitors and coils are larger), this is well outside the range that our brain can notice or process. You should have more issues with displays that have non-LED backlight because they could be at a low multiple of the net's frequency.
As it mentions, telegraph seems to be a legal correspondence much like faxes are still considered legal correspondence in the US over e-mail or any other type of electronic document exchange. Try sending an e-mail to your local court house even with a digital certificate, they still by-and-large only accept in-person, fax or registered mail. Some countries in Europe have digital certificates for it's citizens which is considered equal to a signature, not so much in the US.
And given the almost religious "patriotic" response after 9/11 within the US I would say, 2,000 more "patriots" would gladly give their lives in order for the government not to be oppressing the rest of the world like this. Right?
Which Paul (also according to the gospels) repealed by calling upon Caesar. The Roman justice system was quite advanced with multiple levels of courts. According to the gospels, Jesus remained quiet therefore WANTING to die a martyr and fulfilling his own prophecies. He was a criminal nutjob at best.
They crucified lots of people, usually criminals. Jesus was therefore a criminal.
The idiot at the Post Office is REQUIRED to take his lunch at a particular time and he'll do so and take an extra 30 minutes break because he's unionized. If his boss told him to be productive and wait a half hour extra take his lunch, the entire postal service will go on strike and they'll have to renegotiate the hourly wage contract and 6 weeks paid vacation time and unlimited paid personal days.
SOME phones come pre-loaded and I wouldn't be surprised if Android and even feature-phones come pre-loaded. You could also wipe pre-installed configuration profiles if you are so inclined. Or simply don't trust any hotspots that aren't your own, you know, common sense...
Actually, the authentication doesn't happen at the base station level. The authentication gets passed to a RADIUS server (which authenticates individual base stations based on individual pre-shared keys), the RADIUS server has their own SSL certificate which needs to be accepted on the client (even if there is a trusted chain, and the certificate is 'valid', my iOS devices still asks me to verify the server certificate), then through TTLS or PEAP (or whatever authentication mechanism you specify) the RADIUS server authenticates the username/password (or device using a client-side certificate) internally and then tells the base station to allow the client or not.
Why would we need yet another standard. Simply don't trust open access points and encrypt everything, use HTTPS, IMAPS, SMTPS, SFTP, ... VPN if necessary. Even traffic on hotspots with a PSK are vulnerable as long as the attacker can get to the key.
HTTPS is another layer entirely and already complains when the certificate isn't valid or isn't signed by a trustworthy vendor, it's relatively hard to get a trusted SSL certificate to be accepted by any ol' device. HTTP STS only builds further on SSL by having a built-in list of sites or sites telling you (with a time) to connect only through HTTPS to that site. HTTP STS still doesn't fix MITM attacks with valid signed certificates by a compromised or untrustworthy root.
This is entirely by design, large deployments of WiFi simply have the same settings on each base station and then use WPA2 Enterprise (instead of WPA2-PSK) to do access control.
If you have large deployment of unsecured wireless networks (such as guest networks), same thing happens, the client connects to the base station with the best signal and the given SSID.
I don't see where this is a problem:
- It is defined in the 802.11 standard for roaming
- If you use an insecure (open) network, by definition you don't have any security or encryption
- If you use a WPA2-PSK network, you should use a good key, if the attacker knows your key, regardless of whether they set up a fake base station they can decrypt your data
- This is all mitigated using WPA2 Enterprise since you have end-to-end per-user encryption
What the fuck does HTTPS have to do with this? This is an entirely different layer.
Thunderbolt is no more proprietary than Firewire, USB or PCIe. It IS PCIe over copper, plain and simple.
The performance is similar across the board but significantly improved using it's new instructions (AVX2). The HD5000 IGP however is significantly better than it's predecessor.
LOL so you go from one proprietary controlled software to another proprietary controlled software? What's to say M$ won't pull the same shit they did in the past or that Oracle does right now with Java?
You can get 10GbE switches sub-10k nowadays. Netgear (which makes some really good stuff) has a 24 port SFP+ switch for $8k and a 24 port copper switch (with a couple of SFP+ ports) for $6k. 10GbE network adapters start at ~$200.
I don't understand the question at all. The 5th amendment (and all others) were written to protect the innocent from an overreaching government. Therefore, all amendments have a net benefit by protecting innocent people. If you claim that there is no benefit to the 5th because criminals are hiding behind it, then you have your premise wrong, that's not what the 5th is there for. The founding fathers found it much more important to allow 100 criminals let go on a technicality if it saved 1 innocent life (mind you that back then, the punishment for eg. grand theft auto (or horse) was death by hanging).
Like all laws in the US, the government is ALLOWED by the laws to do certain actions and is NOT ALLOWED to do any other actions not specified by law. While the government can make more laws, the 5th (and all other amendments) restrains the government from overstepping their boundaries while making those laws.
There are plenty of scenarios which you immediately dismiss:
- The overzealous prosecutor/cop, this happens a lot and the 5th DOES protect innocent people against incriminating themselves against a crime they have not committed. Sure, the "government" could still make someone innocent admit it but this can then be challenged in higher courts which are (supposed to be) 'more pure' and 'more experienced' than the lower courts.
Another example, a murder has been committed. Did you commit this murder. According to law:
- If you say YES, you're immediately found guilty, trial is merely a fight about sentencing.
- If you say NO and you DID commit the murder, you have lied and therefore can be found guilty for making false statements plus your credibility goes down drastically (credibility aka "your name" is being held in high regard in common law, this stems from the fact that way back when common law was established - magna carta etc. - your family name was quite important not to be blemished by lies especially if you ever wanted to hold a position of power such as a lord, king or enter into knighthood)
- If you keep your mouth shut, plead the 5th and it goes to trial you can go ahead and make your case that the murder was done in self defense (or back in the day, to defend your honor, defend your name from an impostor, you were challenged to a duel, he touched your property/wife...)
There only needs to be 1 case for the 5th to be beneficial in order for the 5th to have merit to society.
If you can't get a raise, then look for other work.
Given you know nothing of either Exchange or SQL... what do you do right now for websites, databases and e-mail? Get a handle on your own environment first, know how it works down to the detail.
Exchange and MSSQL Server are just implementations of an MTA and a database server. You've got to understand the principles first. I had minimal experience with MSSQL but when I moved from a hosting company using primarily MySQL to a manufacturing company using MSSQL, I had no issues understanding that it was slow because the tables didn't have any indexes or that it was unsafe to use in-code SQL statements.
I have wondered myself recently too if it were at all possible. Someone was trying to open a rather expensive car in a parking lot (forgot keys or whatever, security was helping too so not a burglary) - I thought, if you can just pop the hood (you can open a hood with simple tools) and connect to one of the busses, can't you just tell the car to unlock by sending a message on it. It's most likely on a CAN or I2C bus, something open-y enough that you can just get a generic system for most cars. An Arduino could probably do it.
Ever heard of blind people?
JavaScript/jQuery is supposed to do small things on a web page that make functionality easier. Not be built out of it. If your site doesn't work with JavaScript disabled, then it's a bad site not only for the ever growing list of people running some type of ad-blocker and/or script-blocker but also for all the platforms that don't have perfect JS support such as machines (Google is just the beginning, wait until Watson-type machines start getting more popular...). If a machine can't parse your site without executing something on it's side, it's a useless site and can't be found.
I am a web developer and I do use jQuery but it's to make a user's job easier such as a date/time picker (which for some reason still isn't fully implemented in the stock jQuery) or sortable tables (which is a UI and therefore client-side thing, not a server thing), not to make it more difficult to parse out the data. A server-side script generating CSS and HTML is far more capable and responsive for presenting data than jQuery's internal routines to generate the same HTML from an XML-source, if you really want to do that (parse XML into other XML) we have XSLT.
Actually, just like real athletes, it's better if you can keep your athletes focused on the game without energy drinks and junk food. Same for any other sports - sure you can get into an amateur league on beer and hot dogs but once you get to the middle to high-end leagues, you need a proper diet, discipline and training and especially when you go into the top leagues, nobody (even the fans) would approve of beer, hot dogs or energy drinks at anytime during the game.
Same goes for e-sports, you need proper training and practice in the game, you sometimes live in a house with your team, your team practices against you and against other teams. But you also need to be physically and mentally fit, not only for the game itself but also for the extensive travel and long hours during tournaments. I don't know any e-sports champion that is an obese, basement dwelling geek.
For CS (Computer SCIENCE) it is quite important. You'll be crunching numbers all the time, that's what CS-people do, they make computers do very complicated math problems.
If you're looking to do computer technician, network engineer etc. some basic math is still required but nowhere near as heavy. If you're looking to do programming, depending on the field you're trying to program for, you may need little or much math. Eg. making games and 3D graphics is very math-heavy, making websites not so much.
CS, require it's own math curriculum, the rest should be satisfied with a high school math curriculum (sets, logic, real numbers, functions, probability, geometry, quadratic equations, integrals, ...)
It is basically a link aggregation of VPN links to a VPN endpoint somewhere else. I have noticed better bandwidth ignoring my ISP and using a VPN to one of my servers because
a) my server is not being throttled and ISP's don't throttle VPN connections (yet)
b) my server is located within my ISP's peering network
c) my ISP's CDN's (to YouTube or Netflix) are awful (as in you can't get even a 300kbps stream across without buffering). Direct connection to the actual servers works a lot better and can give me 1080p or higher without issue.
d) my ISP's modem (or a router somewhere along the line I don't have control over) crashes when there are too many connections, a VPN is a single connection
The main market seems to be people that have sucky ISP's which is everyone in the US or people that have multiple ISP's and want to use them all for more throughput.
A proxy never works for HTTPS, you're always going to be doing MITM. You want authenticated proxy? Why in the hell would you want that? Proxies are there for caching purposes and maybe for blocking purposes (breaking the Internet on your own network), not for authentication purposes. You're using the wrong tools, you should be using Kerberos for service authentication, 802.1x for device authentication if that's what you really want, to block access to certain sites you could be using transparent proxies or block the DNS queries. Even so, proxies are dead with the amount of user-specific content the Internet generates these days.
1 IT tech per 550 users is indeed a very unreal ratio unless you work at a place like Google where everybody is highly technically adept. Even with heavy handed standardization and lockdown, you simply cannot maintain even the most basic of communications. You would be manning 1500 users, ~2000 computers, ~50 servers, ~150-250 printers and ~100 switches, 50+ access points if you have wireless, miles of cabling you should be halfway upgrading to fiber pretty soon... with 3 people? Who is developing anything? Who is rolling anything out?
Unless you have everything outsourced to the cheapest bidder and a host of consultants that don't count towards your FTE. Even 1 of you guys falling sick or getting hit by a bus would be devastating. From my experience a typical IT person can handle ~100 desktop users, ~250 if you have a well-run tiered help desk system.
If your department truly believes you personally have a hand over 550-800 users, then simply go out there, most likely what has happened is every single department has one or more official or unofficial IT tech and a number of desktop-servers and wifi routers on the desks.
NAC isn't actually all that costly. There are free (as in beer and as in speech) solutions that top the expensive, vendor-centric NAC solutions.
The problem is that NAC is not a security tool, it's a network access control tool. It gives you some control as to what devices can connect to which portions of the network and typically you bump other devices to a VLAN that goes directly to the Internet (like a guest network on WiFi).
Once a device is authenticated (either by a malicious user or more likely, shared credentials or a piece of malware an authentic user unknowingly has installed), your network is still just as vulnerable.