CPU fans always blow down onto the heat sink. Mounting them the other way allows a hot spot to form in the center as the fan tends to just pull air from around the heat sink instead of through it.
Switzerland = 1590 square miles, Dallas = 380 square miles. Switzerland is a verdant crossroads between FR, DE, IT, and AT with huge strategic value. Dallas is a horrible shit hole of hot concrete and blue laws (I was born there).
TWDM-PON only supports 128 way split. GPON only supports a 64 way split. Many ISPs are conservative and only do a 32 way split on GPON anyway just to give themselves more leeway for fiber defects.
TWDM-PON can actually split up to 128 ways. Most PON standards support at least 64. 32 way splits are just a conservative approach that many ISPs take. None of it really has much to do with how much bandwidth you can sell in practice. Most ISPs are going to hit backhaul and IP drain limitations long before they congest any of their PON access layer.
That's exactly right, and Microsoft has hampered opengl performance on Windows to promote their own tool chain. Here's an interesting opinion piece. http://blog.wolfire.com/2010/0...
Because the amount of shit that impacts the fan when your NAS stops working in an enterprise environment is much higher than when you can't get to your anime collection until you reboot the rpi.
90% of fiber is aerial. It costs 2-4 times as much per mile to bury it, so that's usually only done in urban areas, along railroads, and in areas prone to hurricanes and other extreme weather.
If it's the right thing to do, I don't think it matters much why they are doing it. They also aren't putting in back doors for China. The only thing I've read is that they've agreed to let China verify that there are NOT backdoors, which is just the opposite.
All of Google's advertising and services customers are paying sales tax. All of their employees are paying income tax. Google's owners are paying capital gains tax if they sell the stock. I think that's probably plenty.
Also, I highly doubt they'll get to 200gbps using On-Off Keying. Anything over ~10gbps in the optical transport world uses some form of phase shift keying.
That standard exists, it's called SIP. That's how the Uverse DSL modem is providing POTS service in the first place. From the DSL modem back to the voice switch it's all SIP. There's no technical reason AT&T couldn't make a Uverse Voice App for smart phones that would make SIP calls over their residential internet network. But....AT&T already sees it's landline business as undesired competition to it's wireless business, so don't hold your breath for that.
You're 3 decades out of date. You can amplify dozens of times and cover thousands of kilometers these days. Dallas to Chicago is a breeze. You can even optically express certain channels and drop others, and redirect them down different fiber paths dynamically based on impairments. Read up on hybrid EDFA/Raman amplifiers and flex-grid ROADM.
I did the math one time on powering a small network device (~10 watts or so) off potatoes. It's easy to get the required voltage, but to get enough amps you need hundreds of taters. I was very disappointed.
You don't have to regenerate the signal, just amplify it. Optical amplifiers have been around for decades and with current technology you can go thousands of kilometers without an OEO (optical-electrical-optical) regeneration just by placing amps every 100km or so. Chromatic dispersion is irrelevant these days because the Coherent optics have ridiculous CD tolerance.
This is aimed at optical transport. The framing will be OTN and it can carry many payload channels of 10GBE, 100GBE, or Sonet, SDH, whatever is needed. Ethernet sucks for long distance transport because it doesn't have built in layer one performance monitoring to match OTN and even old school Sonet/SDH. Right now you can buy a single transceiver from Infinera that will do 500gbps using 10 carrier wavelengths. Ciena, Nokia and some others offer 200gbps over short distances on a single carrier. So, 1.125 gbps over 15 carriers isn't a huge leap forward, but is going to be table stakes for the next generation of optical transport.
This product does not even remotely compete with anything Nokia makes, which is specialized network hardware, software and solutions. This is generic x86 server hardware with a clever form factor, not IP/MPLS, DWDM, OTN, LTE, GPON et cetera with very expensive specialized ASICs and expensive specialized software.
It's also about 10% of a Sonet frame. Fortunately most telecom clocks don't blindly repeat GPS time, but instead use it to gradually steer their internal rubidium and quartz clocks so there wouldn't be an abrupt change in the output.
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F7 is a micro-aggression.
CPU fans always blow down onto the heat sink. Mounting them the other way allows a hot spot to form in the center as the fan tends to just pull air from around the heat sink instead of through it.
Switzerland = 1590 square miles, Dallas = 380 square miles.
Switzerland is a verdant crossroads between FR, DE, IT, and AT with huge strategic value.
Dallas is a horrible shit hole of hot concrete and blue laws (I was born there).
I think that more reading would be good for you.
TWDM-PON only supports 128 way split. GPON only supports a 64 way split. Many ISPs are conservative and only do a 32 way split on GPON anyway just to give themselves more leeway for fiber defects.
GPON is 2.5 down and 1.25 up
TWDM-PON can actually split up to 128 ways. Most PON standards support at least 64. 32 way splits are just a conservative approach that many ISPs take. None of it really has much to do with how much bandwidth you can sell in practice. Most ISPs are going to hit backhaul and IP drain limitations long before they congest any of their PON access layer.
You can buy this service right now from EPB in Chattanooga.
That's exactly right, and Microsoft has hampered opengl performance on Windows to promote their own tool chain.
Here's an interesting opinion piece.
http://blog.wolfire.com/2010/0...
Not sure why you'd bring Enterprise into it.
Because the amount of shit that impacts the fan when your NAS stops working in an enterprise environment is much higher than when you can't get to your anime collection until you reboot the rpi.
90% of fiber is aerial. It costs 2-4 times as much per mile to bury it, so that's usually only done in urban areas, along railroads, and in areas prone to hurricanes and other extreme weather.
If it's the right thing to do, I don't think it matters much why they are doing it. They also aren't putting in back doors for China. The only thing I've read is that they've agreed to let China verify that there are NOT backdoors, which is just the opposite.
All of Google's advertising and services customers are paying sales tax. All of their employees are paying income tax. Google's owners are paying capital gains tax if they sell the stock. I think that's probably plenty.
I think it would be pretty warm actually if you were pushing that much 2.4ghz into the room...
Also, I highly doubt they'll get to 200gbps using On-Off Keying. Anything over ~10gbps in the optical transport world uses some form of phase shift keying.
That standard exists, it's called SIP. That's how the Uverse DSL modem is providing POTS service in the first place. From the DSL modem back to the voice switch it's all SIP. There's no technical reason AT&T couldn't make a Uverse Voice App for smart phones that would make SIP calls over their residential internet network. But....AT&T already sees it's landline business as undesired competition to it's wireless business, so don't hold your breath for that.
Honestly, I'd probably vote for Terry Crews if he ran.
You're 3 decades out of date. You can amplify dozens of times and cover thousands of kilometers these days. Dallas to Chicago is a breeze. You can even optically express certain channels and drop others, and redirect them down different fiber paths dynamically based on impairments. Read up on hybrid EDFA/Raman amplifiers and flex-grid ROADM.
I did the math one time on powering a small network device (~10 watts or so) off potatoes. It's easy to get the required voltage, but to get enough amps you need hundreds of taters. I was very disappointed.
You don't have to regenerate the signal, just amplify it. Optical amplifiers have been around for decades and with current technology you can go thousands of kilometers without an OEO (optical-electrical-optical) regeneration just by placing amps every 100km or so. Chromatic dispersion is irrelevant these days because the Coherent optics have ridiculous CD tolerance.
This is aimed at optical transport. The framing will be OTN and it can carry many payload channels of 10GBE, 100GBE, or Sonet, SDH, whatever is needed. Ethernet sucks for long distance transport because it doesn't have built in layer one performance monitoring to match OTN and even old school Sonet/SDH.
Right now you can buy a single transceiver from Infinera that will do 500gbps using 10 carrier wavelengths. Ciena, Nokia and some others offer 200gbps over short distances on a single carrier. So, 1.125 gbps over 15 carriers isn't a huge leap forward, but is going to be table stakes for the next generation of optical transport.
The service provider owns the router.
This product does not even remotely compete with anything Nokia makes, which is specialized network hardware, software and solutions.
This is generic x86 server hardware with a clever form factor, not IP/MPLS, DWDM, OTN, LTE, GPON et cetera with very expensive specialized ASICs and expensive specialized software.
It's also about 10% of a Sonet frame. Fortunately most telecom clocks don't blindly repeat GPS time, but instead use it to gradually steer their internal rubidium and quartz clocks so there wouldn't be an abrupt change in the output.
'Excellent connectivity' is an understatement. Frankfurt is the largest internet exchange in the world by bandwidth.
https://www.peeringdb.com/priv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...