Atropine is an alkaloid, but its main effects are due to its anticholinergic activity. And yes, atropine derivatives ARE used in medications containing opiates to prohibit deliberate abuse. Take Hycodan cough syrup for example. It contains a small amount of homatropine to discourage deliberate overdosage and abuse.
The acetaminophen is an actual active ingredient in Vicodin and other similar combination drugs- it's put in there for a clinical reason. The opiate part of the drug (the hydrocodone in Vicodin) works on opiate receptors in the brain, while the acetaminophen inhibits an enzyme that would otherwise make prostaglandins, which are intermediates in pain sensation. The acetaminophen was not added to prevent abuse- if you wanted to do that, add something like atropine that makes the user feel really crappy if they take too much. That is already done and why prescription cough syrup can contain hydrocodone but be unscheduled by the DEA.
That pretty much seems what is happening with General Motors. The government nationalized GM and now the unions (worker committees) own a big chunk of GM.
Engineers in the U.S. are trained in both, but the emphasis is generally on metric. Which system you actually use is dependent on where you work, as some shops are metric, some use the standard system. In my experience, metric is becoming more common as it was uncommon to find metric fasteners on equipment 20 years ago; now it's uncommon to find standard ones.
Medicine in the U.S. is almost completely metric internally. Even though your doc may tell you your kid is 44 pounds, they write "20 kg" in the charts or EMR. It's just so much easier to do conversions for mg/kg and calculate BMI (kg/m^2) in metric rather than standard units.
I am sure there are a lot of explanations as to why women go into medicine, but in my experience, the "to support a live-in boyfriend who sits at home all day playing Xbox" isn't one of them. In my experience, more women than men go into medicine because they can be supported by a husband or their parents much more so than men. Men are not supported by their parents after undergrad nearly as much as women are and have a much different social and financial situation to face. Many women in my class are married to men a few years older who mostly have college degrees and are working so they don't have to borrow a boatload of money, live in the same crappy apartment they did in undergrad, and eat the same PBJs and macaroni and cheese that they ate during undergrad. Fewer men are married and those that are generally are married to other students or to women who are otherwise not in a financial situation to help defray much of the costs of medical school. Some of those women in med school might end up supporting their husbands for a while as the husbands stay home with the children while the women work all day, but likely not supporting some bum of a guy. They would just divorce the bum, throw his butt out, and then the women would keep the most of the money they'd earned- it's not like a male doctor divorcing a bum of a wife and having to give her almost all of the money he'd earned, plus pay alimony after it's over. Plus, many medical specialties have very flexible schedules to allow for having children, which is something women tend to rank much higher on their list of "must haves" than men do.
One thing to remember is that the makeup of the people who are admitted doesn't say nearly as much as to who is interested in going into medicine as the number of people who apply and are reasonable candidates. There is at least an order of magnitude in difference in the number of people who want to go to medical school and the number that actually gets accepted, due to the limited number of medical schools. My experience is that the admissions committees tend to look at female applicants much more favorably than male applicants of the same race as medical schools are very much politically-correct when it comes to admitting applicants. Thus you may very well have a skewed picture of who is really interested in going into medicine just by looking at who got in.
Actually, you are incorrect. The Supreme Court said quite some time ago (Wickard vs. Filburn, 1942) that even things that stay in-state are still subject to federal regulation because they *affect* the inter-state market.
If you really want to get down to the "designed for" part, men aren't "designed" to be the only one raising infants since they lack the ability to feed the infant themselves. (Yes, there is infant formula today that a man could feed an infant, but that is a modern invention and not an innate capability of men.) Women have two organs specifically attuned to this very task.
There are just as many of not more women entering medicine than men. The classes at my medical school in the past decade ranged between 50-54% female- my particular class is 52% female. From what I have seen looking at national statistics, the percentage of male students keeps falling year after year, just like in undergrad (national averages say something near 60% of undergraduate students are female.)
I suppose you could have a neo-Nazi march without any Nazi symbols or slogans, but all of the ones I have seen on the news or seen pictures of (they come to my city every few years just to stir people up, I do not go watch them) have had lots of Nazi symbols and slogans. Many of them come wearing replica SS uniforms holding banners with Nazi slogans and the whole bit. Maybe the neo-Nazis in Germany and the rest of Europe are a bit different, but the ones here most certainly would get into big trouble over there.
The difference is that you *can* challenge religion in the U.S. and the worst you do is get picketed, badmouthed, and boycotted by fundamentalists. There are atheist conventions very frequently in the U.S. and that's the worst that happens. Picketing and yelling is also the worst that happens whenever neo-Nazis come and have their marches through town, at least until somebody starts a fist fight or riot. The police actually protect the neo-Nazis. If the neo-Nazis went to Europe and tried to march, the police would arrest them instead. That is the difference in free speech that Americans have and Europeans don't.
I live in Columbia and trust me, people here are NOT very open-minded as a whole. They are just closed-minded leftists rather than the closed-minded religious fundamentalists you are talking about. Ditto for a lot of the people who live inside of St. Louis or Kansas City. You're probably better off living in the suburbs of St. Louis or Kansas City or in an area like Springfield if you want a more even mix of people.
As a medical school student in the U.S., we have probably as many if not more non-physician PhDs that are teaching us about their research topics (called "basic science") that do not have all that much for clinical applications in the first two years of medical school as we do physicians teaching us about highly-relevant clinical topics. There is a VERY strong push to try to get medical school students to go into academic medicine at the very least, if not do an MD-PhD program and become a full-time academic. That kind of thing must be going on nationwide as there is a lot of the research topic information being tested on the first part of the national United States Medical Licensing Exam. It's really not until the third and fourth years of medical school that the research topics take a backseat to clinical material.
The XP 3000+ was released either in February 2003 (2.167 GHz, 333 MHz FSB) or May 2003 (2.100 GHz, 400 MHz FSB), so it is a little old. But it's pretty much on par with many of the machines where I work and go to school. Most of the machines there are 2.4 GHz P4 Northwoods (debuted in May 2002) or 2.8 GHz P4 Northwoods (debuted August 2002.) Yes, there are a handful of P4 Prescott 3.4 HTs (debuted February 2004) and Core 2 Duo E6400s (July 2006) but there are about as many P4 1.5 Willamettes (November 2000) and sub-GHz PIIIs (debuted in 1999-2000) as there are the Prescott or C2D boxes. Oh, I forgot, there are a few newish Intel iMacs at school, but I don't use them so I don't know what's in them. Maybe where I work and go to school is a little behind the times in terms of computer hardware, but from what machines I've seen used in stores and shops (judging by the Windows version and CPU brand/model stickers on the outside of the case) we're not that far behind. There are *lots* of P4s running XP out there.
Have you looked at the machines in many offices recently? Many companies are on a four or five-year computer lifecycle, which would mean that they very well may have machines about as powerful as that Athlon XP 3000+. Many businesses run even older machines as they want to continue to run Office 2000/XP/2003 on Windows XP and don't want to pay to replace perfectly functional machines. Machines with a 2.0-3.0 GHz P4 and 512 MB-1 GB RAM running Windows XP are very typical; newer Core 2-based (or Athlon 64-based if you have HPs) machines are much less common, probably because a P4 will run older versions of MS Office on XP just as well as a brand-new machine will. It's really only Vista and MS Office 2007 and their big RAM demands that make those old P4s obsolete.
Talk about stupid- you do know that seven-passenger minivans weigh about as much as some seven-passenger SUVs and get about the same mileage, don't you? Or that full-sized vans are *bigger* than current SUVs and get even worse mileage?
Oh, sorry, we can't let facts get in the way of America-bashing, can we?
The other thing that you can do is to talk to your pharmacist when you fill your prescription. Prescription pads have two lines that the doctor can sign on to make the prescription valid. One is "dispense as written," which means that if the doctor puts "Nexium 20 mg" on the pad, the pharmacist has to give you Nexium rather than a generic. But if the physician signs on the "Substitution permitted" line, and most do in all but specific cases (asthma/COPD inhalers come to mind since they are all different), the pharmacist is free to use their judgment and substitute an equivalent generic drug if it exists. If the doctor allowed substitution on the script, let the pharmacist know that you want a generic instead and they will help you as best they can. In many cases where a brand name is specified, it is just to make things easier on the physician because "Nexium" is much easier to jot down than "esomeprazole magnesium."
There is no priority given to any group in deciding who gets a lease on a particular chunk of broadcast spectrum in a particular market. It is a simple highest-bidder-wins scenario. So there is NOTHING keeping liberal talk radio off the air other than their lack of popularity resulting in a lack of funds to buy a broadcast license and run the station. Nothing.
The "fairness doctrine" is exactly the same as Hunt's demanding air time on a TV network to refute a Heinz ketchup ad that Heinz paid for. It sounds pretty ridiculous, doesn't it? But that is exactly the same type of situation that the "fairness doctrine" entails. It goes counter to the First Amendment, which allows for you to say (pretty much) whatever you want using your resources. It does not require that you carry other people's opinions in your medium or guarantee you a medium, which is what the "fairness doctrine" tries to do.
Anybody in support of the "fairness doctrine" is just trying to justify a way to squash pesky criticism of their policies and officials.
I had a MythTV frontend with an 802.11g link between that and the backend server to stream TV. If I had a signal >90% strength, I could just play standard-def TV encoded at 5 Mbps without more than a few stutters and skips. Less than that and I would get stutters and skips. The HDTV in my area is encoded around 18 Mbps, which is absolutely impossible to stream over 802.11g.
The highest throughput I've seen on my wireless link with an SSH or HTTP transfer is about 22 Mbps as well.
I am surprised that they knocked the AMD Puma in the article while leaving the following piles of crap unmentioned:
1. The original Covington Celerons with no L2 cache 2. Original Pentiums with the FDIV bug 3. The Pentium III Coppermine 1.13 GHz that was infamously unstable 4. Socket 423 Pentium 4 5. The Pentium 4 Prescott 3.6 and 3.8 that overheated and throttled at stock speeds on the stock heatsink
All of those chips were bigger duds or had bigger errors than even the TLB error in the BA/B2 Barcelona Opterons they mentioned in the "Part 1" article.
Yes, but I bet those patents are held by foundries, not by CPU designers. The original desktop P6 implementation in the Pentium II was extended from a maximum of 300 MHz in the original Deschutes version all the way to 1.4 GHz in the Pentium III Tualatin just by a series of successive die shrinks from 350 nm down to 130 nm with almost no change in chip architecture. The PIII Tualatin has very few differences with the PII Deschutes except for SSE and on-die L2 cache. But if you think the cache made a huge difference, the 250 nm PII mobile or PII-based Celeron Mendocino with on-die L2 were only went up to 500 and 533 MHz, respectively.
So if you had a license to the 486 instruction set, you could likely build a 2 GHz version pretty easily if you made non-patentable macro-architectural changes to the original 80486 design, such as lengthening the pipeline from 4 stages to something like 12 stages and upping the FSB speed from 25-50 MHz to 200 MHz or so.
People have shot red-light and speed cameras before. A guy in Knoxville, TN shot a red-light camera four times with a.30-06 rifle a year and a half ago, rendering the camera quite broken. However, police in the area heard the shots (an ought-six isn't exactly quiet and doesn't sound like the average thug's 9mm handgun) and tracked him down.
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Atropine is an alkaloid, but its main effects are due to its anticholinergic activity. And yes, atropine derivatives ARE used in medications containing opiates to prohibit deliberate abuse. Take Hycodan cough syrup for example. It contains a small amount of homatropine to discourage deliberate overdosage and abuse.
The acetaminophen is an actual active ingredient in Vicodin and other similar combination drugs- it's put in there for a clinical reason. The opiate part of the drug (the hydrocodone in Vicodin) works on opiate receptors in the brain, while the acetaminophen inhibits an enzyme that would otherwise make prostaglandins, which are intermediates in pain sensation. The acetaminophen was not added to prevent abuse- if you wanted to do that, add something like atropine that makes the user feel really crappy if they take too much. That is already done and why prescription cough syrup can contain hydrocodone but be unscheduled by the DEA.
Yes, we sure do.
Sure, send the check to the Democratic Party. They have been very able to harness the power of stupidity- just look at the 2008 elections.
That pretty much seems what is happening with General Motors. The government nationalized GM and now the unions (worker committees) own a big chunk of GM.
Engineers in the U.S. are trained in both, but the emphasis is generally on metric. Which system you actually use is dependent on where you work, as some shops are metric, some use the standard system. In my experience, metric is becoming more common as it was uncommon to find metric fasteners on equipment 20 years ago; now it's uncommon to find standard ones.
Medicine in the U.S. is almost completely metric internally. Even though your doc may tell you your kid is 44 pounds, they write "20 kg" in the charts or EMR. It's just so much easier to do conversions for mg/kg and calculate BMI (kg/m^2) in metric rather than standard units.
I am sure there are a lot of explanations as to why women go into medicine, but in my experience, the "to support a live-in boyfriend who sits at home all day playing Xbox" isn't one of them. In my experience, more women than men go into medicine because they can be supported by a husband or their parents much more so than men. Men are not supported by their parents after undergrad nearly as much as women are and have a much different social and financial situation to face. Many women in my class are married to men a few years older who mostly have college degrees and are working so they don't have to borrow a boatload of money, live in the same crappy apartment they did in undergrad, and eat the same PBJs and macaroni and cheese that they ate during undergrad. Fewer men are married and those that are generally are married to other students or to women who are otherwise not in a financial situation to help defray much of the costs of medical school. Some of those women in med school might end up supporting their husbands for a while as the husbands stay home with the children while the women work all day, but likely not supporting some bum of a guy. They would just divorce the bum, throw his butt out, and then the women would keep the most of the money they'd earned- it's not like a male doctor divorcing a bum of a wife and having to give her almost all of the money he'd earned, plus pay alimony after it's over. Plus, many medical specialties have very flexible schedules to allow for having children, which is something women tend to rank much higher on their list of "must haves" than men do.
One thing to remember is that the makeup of the people who are admitted doesn't say nearly as much as to who is interested in going into medicine as the number of people who apply and are reasonable candidates. There is at least an order of magnitude in difference in the number of people who want to go to medical school and the number that actually gets accepted, due to the limited number of medical schools. My experience is that the admissions committees tend to look at female applicants much more favorably than male applicants of the same race as medical schools are very much politically-correct when it comes to admitting applicants. Thus you may very well have a skewed picture of who is really interested in going into medicine just by looking at who got in.
Actually, you are incorrect. The Supreme Court said quite some time ago (Wickard vs. Filburn, 1942) that even things that stay in-state are still subject to federal regulation because they *affect* the inter-state market.
If you really want to get down to the "designed for" part, men aren't "designed" to be the only one raising infants since they lack the ability to feed the infant themselves. (Yes, there is infant formula today that a man could feed an infant, but that is a modern invention and not an innate capability of men.) Women have two organs specifically attuned to this very task.
There are just as many of not more women entering medicine than men. The classes at my medical school in the past decade ranged between 50-54% female- my particular class is 52% female. From what I have seen looking at national statistics, the percentage of male students keeps falling year after year, just like in undergrad (national averages say something near 60% of undergraduate students are female.)
Some boards have jumpers that prevent the CMOS from being overwritten. That seems like a very good solution to me.
I suppose you could have a neo-Nazi march without any Nazi symbols or slogans, but all of the ones I have seen on the news or seen pictures of (they come to my city every few years just to stir people up, I do not go watch them) have had lots of Nazi symbols and slogans. Many of them come wearing replica SS uniforms holding banners with Nazi slogans and the whole bit. Maybe the neo-Nazis in Germany and the rest of Europe are a bit different, but the ones here most certainly would get into big trouble over there.
The difference is that you *can* challenge religion in the U.S. and the worst you do is get picketed, badmouthed, and boycotted by fundamentalists. There are atheist conventions very frequently in the U.S. and that's the worst that happens. Picketing and yelling is also the worst that happens whenever neo-Nazis come and have their marches through town, at least until somebody starts a fist fight or riot. The police actually protect the neo-Nazis. If the neo-Nazis went to Europe and tried to march, the police would arrest them instead. That is the difference in free speech that Americans have and Europeans don't.
I live in Columbia and trust me, people here are NOT very open-minded as a whole. They are just closed-minded leftists rather than the closed-minded religious fundamentalists you are talking about. Ditto for a lot of the people who live inside of St. Louis or Kansas City. You're probably better off living in the suburbs of St. Louis or Kansas City or in an area like Springfield if you want a more even mix of people.
The better question is "is there nothing they won't go after?"
As a medical school student in the U.S., we have probably as many if not more non-physician PhDs that are teaching us about their research topics (called "basic science") that do not have all that much for clinical applications in the first two years of medical school as we do physicians teaching us about highly-relevant clinical topics. There is a VERY strong push to try to get medical school students to go into academic medicine at the very least, if not do an MD-PhD program and become a full-time academic. That kind of thing must be going on nationwide as there is a lot of the research topic information being tested on the first part of the national United States Medical Licensing Exam. It's really not until the third and fourth years of medical school that the research topics take a backseat to clinical material.
The XP 3000+ was released either in February 2003 (2.167 GHz, 333 MHz FSB) or May 2003 (2.100 GHz, 400 MHz FSB), so it is a little old. But it's pretty much on par with many of the machines where I work and go to school. Most of the machines there are 2.4 GHz P4 Northwoods (debuted in May 2002) or 2.8 GHz P4 Northwoods (debuted August 2002.) Yes, there are a handful of P4 Prescott 3.4 HTs (debuted February 2004) and Core 2 Duo E6400s (July 2006) but there are about as many P4 1.5 Willamettes (November 2000) and sub-GHz PIIIs (debuted in 1999-2000) as there are the Prescott or C2D boxes. Oh, I forgot, there are a few newish Intel iMacs at school, but I don't use them so I don't know what's in them. Maybe where I work and go to school is a little behind the times in terms of computer hardware, but from what machines I've seen used in stores and shops (judging by the Windows version and CPU brand/model stickers on the outside of the case) we're not that far behind. There are *lots* of P4s running XP out there.
Have you looked at the machines in many offices recently? Many companies are on a four or five-year computer lifecycle, which would mean that they very well may have machines about as powerful as that Athlon XP 3000+. Many businesses run even older machines as they want to continue to run Office 2000/XP/2003 on Windows XP and don't want to pay to replace perfectly functional machines. Machines with a 2.0-3.0 GHz P4 and 512 MB-1 GB RAM running Windows XP are very typical; newer Core 2-based (or Athlon 64-based if you have HPs) machines are much less common, probably because a P4 will run older versions of MS Office on XP just as well as a brand-new machine will. It's really only Vista and MS Office 2007 and their big RAM demands that make those old P4s obsolete.
Talk about stupid- you do know that seven-passenger minivans weigh about as much as some seven-passenger SUVs and get about the same mileage, don't you? Or that full-sized vans are *bigger* than current SUVs and get even worse mileage?
Oh, sorry, we can't let facts get in the way of America-bashing, can we?
The other thing that you can do is to talk to your pharmacist when you fill your prescription. Prescription pads have two lines that the doctor can sign on to make the prescription valid. One is "dispense as written," which means that if the doctor puts "Nexium 20 mg" on the pad, the pharmacist has to give you Nexium rather than a generic. But if the physician signs on the "Substitution permitted" line, and most do in all but specific cases (asthma/COPD inhalers come to mind since they are all different), the pharmacist is free to use their judgment and substitute an equivalent generic drug if it exists. If the doctor allowed substitution on the script, let the pharmacist know that you want a generic instead and they will help you as best they can. In many cases where a brand name is specified, it is just to make things easier on the physician because "Nexium" is much easier to jot down than "esomeprazole magnesium."
There is no priority given to any group in deciding who gets a lease on a particular chunk of broadcast spectrum in a particular market. It is a simple highest-bidder-wins scenario. So there is NOTHING keeping liberal talk radio off the air other than their lack of popularity resulting in a lack of funds to buy a broadcast license and run the station. Nothing.
The "fairness doctrine" is exactly the same as Hunt's demanding air time on a TV network to refute a Heinz ketchup ad that Heinz paid for. It sounds pretty ridiculous, doesn't it? But that is exactly the same type of situation that the "fairness doctrine" entails. It goes counter to the First Amendment, which allows for you to say (pretty much) whatever you want using your resources. It does not require that you carry other people's opinions in your medium or guarantee you a medium, which is what the "fairness doctrine" tries to do.
Anybody in support of the "fairness doctrine" is just trying to justify a way to squash pesky criticism of their policies and officials.
I had a MythTV frontend with an 802.11g link between that and the backend server to stream TV. If I had a signal >90% strength, I could just play standard-def TV encoded at 5 Mbps without more than a few stutters and skips. Less than that and I would get stutters and skips. The HDTV in my area is encoded around 18 Mbps, which is absolutely impossible to stream over 802.11g.
The highest throughput I've seen on my wireless link with an SSH or HTTP transfer is about 22 Mbps as well.
I am surprised that they knocked the AMD Puma in the article while leaving the following piles of crap unmentioned:
1. The original Covington Celerons with no L2 cache
2. Original Pentiums with the FDIV bug
3. The Pentium III Coppermine 1.13 GHz that was infamously unstable
4. Socket 423 Pentium 4
5. The Pentium 4 Prescott 3.6 and 3.8 that overheated and throttled at stock speeds on the stock heatsink
All of those chips were bigger duds or had bigger errors than even the TLB error in the BA/B2 Barcelona Opterons they mentioned in the "Part 1" article.
Yes, but I bet those patents are held by foundries, not by CPU designers. The original desktop P6 implementation in the Pentium II was extended from a maximum of 300 MHz in the original Deschutes version all the way to 1.4 GHz in the Pentium III Tualatin just by a series of successive die shrinks from 350 nm down to 130 nm with almost no change in chip architecture. The PIII Tualatin has very few differences with the PII Deschutes except for SSE and on-die L2 cache. But if you think the cache made a huge difference, the 250 nm PII mobile or PII-based Celeron Mendocino with on-die L2 were only went up to 500 and 533 MHz, respectively.
So if you had a license to the 486 instruction set, you could likely build a 2 GHz version pretty easily if you made non-patentable macro-architectural changes to the original 80486 design, such as lengthening the pipeline from 4 stages to something like 12 stages and upping the FSB speed from 25-50 MHz to 200 MHz or so.
People have shot red-light and speed cameras before. A guy in Knoxville, TN shot a red-light camera four times with a .30-06 rifle a year and a half ago, rendering the camera quite broken. However, police in the area heard the shots (an ought-six isn't exactly quiet and doesn't sound like the average thug's 9mm handgun) and tracked him down.
Source: http://www.wbir.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=51715