Interesting estimate, but you're missing a key idea or two.
How fast is energy coming in? You need to pull energy out at that rate or faster to keep temperature static or cooling. What's that power level? W, not Wh. You don't need to cool all that rock, you just have to keep it from heating it up more to the point where it blows.
Well, and even this might be oversimplified. At issue might be where the heat is. If you cool enough at the surface so that the rock is strong enough to keep the stuff below contained, the artificially "cold cap" may keep the hotter stuff tamped indefinitely. It may be that the failure mechanism is that the surface eventually heats up and becomes weak, releasing what is below. If the surface rock is cooled artificially quickly, it may be much more effective at keeping the hot stuff below contained, and that heat may dissipate more broadly and non-destructively indefinitely.
Or there may be some local feature in the crust or mantle that causes pressure to build up, and introducing an artificial cap causes that pressure to build up faster or higher. That might make for a bigger boom:)
Maybe. So the actual scale of an effective project might be far lower than your numbers seem to indicate, I simply don't know, I doubt anyone knows right now.
What's more, the cost equation may be more favorable than you think. Remember the power extracted has value, possibly justifying hundreds of billions or trillions of investment especially when balanced against worldwide destruction as a consequence. Again, not known.
Aww crap. I misconverted km^3 to 1,000 m^3 when it should be 1,000,000,000 m^3 (250 billion cubic km of molten rock from the article)
Ya, the total volume of earth is a bit over 1 trillion cubic km (In fact Mars is only 163 billion cubic km.) The article is misleading; 250 billion cubic km is probably all the magma on earth, not just Yellowstone. From wikipedia:
According to analysis of earthquake data in 2013, the magma chamber is 80 km (50 mi) long and 20 km (12 mi) wide. It also has 4,000 km3 (960 cu mi) underground mass, of which 6–8% is filled with molten rock. This is about 2.5 times bigger than scientists had previously imagined it to be; however, scientists believe that the proportion of molten rock in the chamber is much too low to allow another supereruption.
Also, I think your formula assumes that they want to cool the magma to 0 degrees, which wouldn't be necessary.
You sound like someone who doesn't know how much people pay in taxes.
Does it really matter how much you pay in taxes? As long as what remains allows you to live a comfortable living with your needs being met.
But you might also find yourself in future suffering from a series of very expensive life-threatening illnesses.
Hence insurance. Seriously, I have good health insurance and the total cost is 2.4% of my salary. Taxes are many, many times that already, and they don't cover medical expenses at all.
Why would universal health coverage cost any more than having good health insurance? You don't need more doctors, or have to pay them any more. You are only changing how the bills are paid.
Of course, when a business accepts a credit card, the funds automatically appear in a bank account. When a customer pays cash, the business must reconcile the receipts to the cash drawer, prepare deposit slips and have someone take the cash to the bank. Or have a armoured car come around to pick up the money. It can be pocketed by a dishonest employee, or taken in a hold-up. All of this costs money too.
A memory aid dog. An acquaintance of my brother has a brain injury, and he uses (and actually trains) dogs to help him around. Might not be practical in an assisted living situation though. Read more about him here.
https://www.psychologytoday.co...http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/...
There are orders of magnitude difference in the access times. Disk access is measured in milliseconds; memory access is measured in nanoseconds; register speed in picoseconds. Improving disk access by even 1 millisecond closes the gap.
You couldn't GET 32 MB of RAM even on a high end system back in 1995. I know.
Sure you could. My first WinTel computer was purchased in '90 or '91. It came with 4 MB installed (4 x 1-meg 30-pin SIMM), and 4 empty slots. A proprietary daughterboard could have added another 8 slots. They could all be populated with 4-meg SIMMs, for a total of 64 MB. Of course the cost would have been arould $10,000. And it was a typical Future Shop model, nothing exceptional.
And the UI of my XP-based media center box is still the same as it was when it was installed. What's your point?
That auto manufacturers don't push out updates to their install base every Tuesday. Sure, different vehicles have different designs. That don't change after they've been built.
Software on phones, computers, set-top boxes, etc changes frequently, and often change the interface.
In the scenario envisioned here, the government would recognize claims and register titles, and claimants could then begin to grant, sell, and trade property deeds.
They're forgetting Jeffery Hunter and Bruce Greenwood. They were also captains of the enterprise, albeit for one episode. Some will say they don't count , but being an captain is worthy of recognition.
Also Commodore Robert April. Granted, he was a cartoon, but we shouldn't be racist about it.
When Win2000 was came out, broadband was just being adopted by home users. Computers were generally plugged straight into the cable modem, or at best a simple hub. So no firewalls, no NAT gateways to protect us.
I saw something at the local STAPLES store a couple weeks back. A little box which would pair with a bluetooth cell phone, and plug-in to the landline as well. Essentially it turns your POTS phones into a bluetooth headset for your cell.
I think that congress is within its rights to set specific damages to things that are hard to place a value on. The OP says that damages should be 99 cents per song. How many people did that person share the song with? Does an average user share the song 1000 times?
That should result in 1000 people owning 99 cents each, not one person owing 990 dollars.
If you're worried about parts not working before you have all of them, heaven forbid you test them in the machine you do have before their 30-day return date passes.
His old machine is 6 years old. Very likely his old machine has AGP video, not PCI-X, different memory, etc. Makes it pretty hard to test new parts.
The parts are all warranted through their respective manufacturers. If something doesn't work, get it replaced.
If the store has a 30-day return policy, you get a replacement immediately from their inventory. If you use the manufacturers warrenty, there can be a several week wait for a replacement.
But wait, actually, according to my understanding of current PCI rules, they can have it on file, so long as it's secure from hacking. Not fraud, hacking.
That's the crux of the problem. If the current standard allows a merchant to store your credit card number in such a manner that it's available for their customer support phone-jockeys to look up on a whim, unobfuscated, then the standard is broken.
The problem is the phone-jockey read all the CC-info back to some random voice on the telephone.
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It's hard to believe that they are "committed to maintaining your trust by protecting personal information" when they disavow any responsibility if it's stolen. But I think that's pretty standard boilerblate.
If you aren't running backups, then you are asking for trouble. This will still be true when MS is hosting your data, though probably less so than today when you are hosting your own data.
So then you agree that you wouldn't trust Google or Microsoft or whoever with the only copy of all your data?
The original premise was that you're storing your data on some 3rd party service somewhere in the cloud. The question was why wouldn't you trust that third party with all your data. The answer is that when that third party goes out of business, so do you. Sucking the data out of the cloud to make a backup an a local hard drive sorta defeats the purpose of putting the data out to the cloud in the first place.
If you bought a house, there is a stunning amount of personal data stored with your realtor and title agency.
If your realtor loses your data, your house won't suddenly vanish from existence. However if you have a business, and you keep your business information (customer, orders, shipping, billing, etc) on a 3rd party data storage service, and that service fails, your business may very well vanish.
Slashdot Mirror
Interesting estimate, but you're missing a key idea or two.
How fast is energy coming in? You need to pull energy out at that rate or faster to keep temperature static or cooling. What's that power level? W, not Wh. You don't need to cool all that rock, you just have to keep it from heating it up more to the point where it blows.
Well, and even this might be oversimplified. At issue might be where the heat is. If you cool enough at the surface so that the rock is strong enough to keep the stuff below contained, the artificially "cold cap" may keep the hotter stuff tamped indefinitely. It may be that the failure mechanism is that the surface eventually heats up and becomes weak, releasing what is below. If the surface rock is cooled artificially quickly, it may be much more effective at keeping the hot stuff below contained, and that heat may dissipate more broadly and non-destructively indefinitely.
Or there may be some local feature in the crust or mantle that causes pressure to build up, and introducing an artificial cap causes that pressure to build up faster or higher. That might make for a bigger boom :)
Maybe. So the actual scale of an effective project might be far lower than your numbers seem to indicate, I simply don't know, I doubt anyone knows right now.
What's more, the cost equation may be more favorable than you think. Remember the power extracted has value, possibly justifying hundreds of billions or trillions of investment especially when balanced against worldwide destruction as a consequence. Again, not known.
--PeterM
Aww crap. I misconverted km^3 to 1,000 m^3 when it should be 1,000,000,000 m^3 (250 billion cubic km of molten rock from the article)
Ya, the total volume of earth is a bit over 1 trillion cubic km (In fact Mars is only 163 billion cubic km.) The article is misleading; 250 billion cubic km is probably all the magma on earth, not just Yellowstone. From wikipedia :
According to analysis of earthquake data in 2013, the magma chamber is 80 km (50 mi) long and 20 km (12 mi) wide. It also has 4,000 km3 (960 cu mi) underground mass, of which 6–8% is filled with molten rock. This is about 2.5 times bigger than scientists had previously imagined it to be; however, scientists believe that the proportion of molten rock in the chamber is much too low to allow another supereruption.
Also, I think your formula assumes that they want to cool the magma to 0 degrees, which wouldn't be necessary.
Those were cup holders, you dolt!
Before the tray-type CD players, the early CD-ROM drives had an enclosure you put the CD into, working much like a 3.5in floppy.
The freer the market, the better off the average person gets.
The average person may be better off, but the median person is getting screwed.
Possibly help you?
You sound like someone who doesn't know how much people pay in taxes.
Does it really matter how much you pay in taxes? As long as what remains allows you to live a comfortable living with your needs being met.
But you might also find yourself in future suffering from a series of very expensive life-threatening illnesses.
Hence insurance. Seriously, I have good health insurance and the total cost is 2.4% of my salary. Taxes are many, many times that already, and they don't cover medical expenses at all.
Why would universal health coverage cost any more than having good health insurance? You don't need more doctors, or have to pay them any more. You are only changing how the bills are paid.
Of course, when a business accepts a credit card, the funds automatically appear in a bank account. When a customer pays cash, the business must reconcile the receipts to the cash drawer, prepare deposit slips and have someone take the cash to the bank. Or have a armoured car come around to pick up the money. It can be pocketed by a dishonest employee, or taken in a hold-up. All of this costs money too.
A memory aid dog. An acquaintance of my brother has a brain injury, and he uses (and actually trains) dogs to help him around. Might not be practical in an assisted living situation though. Read more about him here. https://www.psychologytoday.co... http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/...
There are orders of magnitude difference in the access times. Disk access is measured in milliseconds; memory access is measured in nanoseconds; register speed in picoseconds. Improving disk access by even 1 millisecond closes the gap.
But then again they are just salaried government employees, so why do they care?
Fixed that for you.
But actually, the District Attorney is an elected official.
Does a District Attorney act as general counsel? I thought DAs dealt with criminal prosecutions, not civil matters.
You couldn't GET 32 MB of RAM even on a high end system back in 1995. I know.
Sure you could. My first WinTel computer was purchased in '90 or '91. It came with 4 MB installed (4 x 1-meg 30-pin SIMM), and 4 empty slots. A proprietary daughterboard could have added another 8 slots. They could all be populated with 4-meg SIMMs, for a total of 64 MB. Of course the cost would have been arould $10,000. And it was a typical Future Shop model, nothing exceptional.
And the UI of my XP-based media center box is still the same as it was when it was installed. What's your point?
That auto manufacturers don't push out updates to their install base every Tuesday. Sure, different vehicles have different designs. That don't change after they've been built. Software on phones, computers, set-top boxes, etc changes frequently, and often change the interface.
Automotive control interfaces change all of the time.
Really? The "control interface" of my '81 Ford is the same as the day it was purchased.
You want to record your ENTIRE life? When will you have time to watch it?
In the scenario envisioned here, the government would recognize claims and register titles, and claimants could then begin to grant, sell, and trade property deeds.
Whose government?
They're forgetting Jeffery Hunter and Bruce Greenwood. They were also captains of the enterprise, albeit for one episode. Some will say they don't count , but being an captain is worthy of recognition.
Also Commodore Robert April. Granted, he was a cartoon, but we shouldn't be racist about it.
When Win2000 was came out, broadband was just being adopted by home users. Computers were generally plugged straight into the cable modem, or at best a simple hub. So no firewalls, no NAT gateways to protect us.
I'm not sure why you omitted that. You might not have kept up on the criminal code. See Bill C-2, 2004.
Laws don't apply retroactively. In the article it states the charges were laid in 2003.
Has there ever been a major OS that simply went away, period?"
Michigan Terminal System
It was a mainframe system used by several universities, including the one I went to. According to http://www.clock.org/~jss/work/mts/timeline.html the last site shutdown June 1999.
I saw something at the local STAPLES store a couple weeks back. A little box which would pair with a bluetooth cell phone, and plug-in to the landline as well. Essentially it turns your POTS phones into a bluetooth headset for your cell.
I think that congress is within its rights to set specific damages to things that are hard to place a value on. The OP says that damages should be 99 cents per song. How many people did that person share the song with? Does an average user share the song 1000 times?
That should result in 1000 people owning 99 cents each, not one person owing 990 dollars.
If you're worried about parts not working before you have all of them, heaven forbid you test them in the machine you do have before their 30-day return date passes.
His old machine is 6 years old. Very likely his old machine has AGP video, not PCI-X, different memory, etc. Makes it pretty hard to test new parts.
The parts are all warranted through their respective manufacturers. If something doesn't work, get it replaced.
If the store has a 30-day return policy, you get a replacement immediately from their inventory. If you use the manufacturers warrenty, there can be a several week wait for a replacement.
But wait, actually, according to my understanding of current PCI rules, they can have it on file, so long as it's secure from hacking. Not fraud, hacking.
That's the crux of the problem. If the current standard allows a merchant to store your credit card number in such a manner that it's available for their customer support phone-jockeys to look up on a whim, unobfuscated, then the standard is broken.
The problem is the phone-jockey read all the CC-info back to some random voice on the telephone.
It's hard to believe that they are "committed to maintaining your trust by protecting personal information" when they disavow any responsibility if it's stolen. But I think that's pretty standard boilerblate.
If you aren't running backups, then you are asking for trouble. This will still be true when MS is hosting your data, though probably less so than today when you are hosting your own data.
So then you agree that you wouldn't trust Google or Microsoft or whoever with the only copy of all your data?
The original premise was that you're storing your data on some 3rd party service somewhere in the cloud. The question was why wouldn't you trust that third party with all your data. The answer is that when that third party goes out of business, so do you. Sucking the data out of the cloud to make a backup an a local hard drive sorta defeats the purpose of putting the data out to the cloud in the first place.
If you bought a house, there is a stunning amount of personal data stored with your realtor and title agency.
If your realtor loses your data, your house won't suddenly vanish from existence. However if you have a business, and you keep your business information (customer, orders, shipping, billing, etc) on a 3rd party data storage service, and that service fails, your business may very well vanish.