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Questions for a Lecture on Microsoft's Palladium?
An anonymous reader asks: "Microsoft is going to be giving a lecture on Palladium
for my Computer and Network Security class at MIT this Thursday. We're told that it's going to be the most technically detailed lecture publically given to date, and that we should be armed with questions as a result. Any suggestions from the Slashdot crowd? What technical details have you been dying to know about Palladium?" It would be interesting to hear back from someone who is planning on attending this. For those who wish they were, but can't for one reason or another, what would you have asked by proxy?
No matter what your first question is, if it's from Slashdot, your second question will be:
Why won't you answer my first question?
"Will it run Linux?"
ask them to stop being asses and see how they respond.
Slash-for-Thought
Why did you choose to build your new processor out of Palladium.
Silicon, with aluminium or copper, is the more traditional choice.
...that you'll adopt Palladium if Steve runs and jumps around like an idiot for an hour. Then after he's done, tell them you were just kidding. He could use the exercise.
More of a basic business question, but didn't anyone learn from Intel's ill-fated processor serial number "feature" in the Pentium III, or the Div-X movie fiasco? Why would consumers want this at all, and why will they choose it over other alternatives?
Read this for some good info.
The biggest question in my mind on Palladium is how it's supposed to help users. Why we're supposed to use it, instead of just keeping on using our old Palladium-free computers.
TANSTAAFI: There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free iPod.
We don't need palladium for viruses...this just seems like a system for pervasive DRM. Why do we need this?
And how does "trust" have anything to do with Palladium. Palladium is a system of control, not of trust.
Are there any plans to have this webcasted via audio or video, or at the vary least transcripted for our analytical pleasure?
MIT's page makes no mention of any intention to do this, and seeing how it will apparently be the "most technically detailed lecture publically given to date," I think that the public would benefit greatly from such a service.
Maybe it isn't as technical as you want the questions to be, but I'm interested in the answer:
Can open source software and Palladium coexist?
Have you been stalked by Seth today?
The question i would most like to see them confronted by (though i most likely know the answer) is: Microsoft has been called a monopoly in the PC market, it maintains control over more than 95% of the desktop market. Since the only operating system that can even compare to windows (desktop wise) on the PC is linux. If palladium is integrated won't this mean death for linux and Microsofts complete domination over the desktop market? They will most likely try to sugar cote thier answer, or say that linux should go closed source (HA!) however it will boil down to "Yes".
History will be kind to me, for I intend to write it - Sir Winston Churchill
I'm curious who Microsoft expects to be the target customer base for this software, do they expect home users, or businesses. Will this be used in general across an office, or possibly only for machines that require high security (e.g. servers with remote access)? It seems that the average home user wouldn't want to be troubled with some of the new security features, and since technologies of questionable legality (mp3, divx, etc.) are becoming popular in the main-stream now, many people would actually be opposed to some of the new security measures. So, since Microsoft has typically targetted an average home user with their products, do they expect to win over the home user market for this new product, or do they simply plan on a small user-base that requires a more substantial amount of security at first, then try to make the system more wide-spread among consumers later?
What will Palladium do to those of us who release independent content? (As in, independent of major corporations.)
The only way I can see it possible to effectively implement DRM is to require computers to not play any digital content that does not have a valid encrypted signature, as provided by the various media companies, and/or Microsoft and Intel.
My main concern, is that independent producers/composers/moviemakers will be locked out of distributing digital content, because the companies involved in Palladium, and other DRM schemes, can choose to withhold issuing these encrypted signatures to them, therefore rendering their content unplayable on Palladium-enabled systems.
I feel, as a copyright owner, and musician, that this infringes upon my rights to distribute my work signature-free, for anyone to be able to play. I do not want a special tag on my releases telling people this is official. I would just like to see my stuff "out there". Therefore, this infringes upon my right to the "pursuit of happiness", as ordained by the constitution.
Anyone else have thoughts?
-----
"You spilled my egg... I needed that egg."
This is what I want to know. How does MS plan to get people to buy into this? How are computer manufacturers going to react when they have fewer, more expensive options for building their computers. And what would make the average consumer see in it? How many people are really that worried about people reading their documents that they'd be willing to give up things like copying CD's, burning mixes, etc...
When will the specs be released in enough detail to enable people to write a nub (or "nexus" or "trusted operating root")?
Will there be any consideration of key management systems that would allow one, for example, to trust any kernel signed by (ie.) RedHat?
Will applications have to care about this sort of thing, or will one nub look the same as any other to them?
Will Microsoft assume liability for when Palladium breaks, or are they going to hide behind some shrink-wrap/click-through agreement that says that they (Microsoft) can't be held liable for anything?
From what I have gathered, NO code can run on palladium enabled hardware that is not signed by Microsoft. I am concerned not just about Linux, but about all open source and individual development in general.
Will code I write be able to be run on different Windows machines, or will I be restricted to my local environment barring a signature from Microsoft? From what I have read so far it is the latter and that is frankly terrifying.
Are they releasing details on when they plan on invading Poland? Just so i can be sure to leave The Continent before then.
I refuse to have a sig... dammit!
Quote: "Your compatible with the internet..." lol, compatible with the internet
-Siggy!
Trolls and humor aside, I would like to know how they are expecting to fix problems with Palladium should they arise. The only way they can fix X-Box "security" problems right now is to release X-Box 1.1, and if they have to re-release computers to fix security problems, how would they do it? and who gets the bill? (maybe I shouldn't ask that last question...) And what is to stop people from mod-chipping computers? At any rate, I believe like many of my fellow /.'ers that X-Box is a Palladium Preview... or Rhodium (the element before Pd, get it?)
Hmmm.. On that note, maybe Palladium is a preview to Microsoft Silver?
I'm the Devil the Windows users warned you about.
You talk about Palladium being trusted and secure computing. Are there any provisions for backdoors so any content generated by the "secure" technologies can be monitored? If so, how secure will these backdoors be from malicious hackers?
Find a job you like and you will never work a day in your life.
What options are likely to exist for people that do not wish to use Palladium?
Will Pallidium come integrated with Longhorn and all future M$ products, or will there be an opt out program where you can choose to not use Pallidium.
Once Palladium has gained market acceptance, will the borg-gear be a requirement, or more of a 'perk' for loyal customers and trusted partners?
microsoftword.mp3 - it doesn't care that they're not words...
Yeah, here's a question. Since every "security" initiative or technology MS has ever introduced has been a complete pile of crap, why should we expect that Palladium will be anything more than a way to help you continue your current dominance of the consumer computer market?
I'm sure a lot of mods will lump this into the Slashbot category, but be realistic: Microsoft has an egregiously bad track record when it comes to security in their products, and they are a convicted monopolist. This entire scheme smacks of an attempt to control your computer's hardware, not just your software, not to mention further abusing their monopoly power. Why should I trust a damn thing Microsoft says?
"Destroy science and religion. Science would re-emerge exactly the same; but not religion." - Penn Jillette, paraphrased
Ask questions that will make the lecturer either reveal how evil it is, or make his evasions obvious. Possibilities:
1. If you turn it off - as MS claims they're going to allow - will the system then appear to apps, content & the network as "a Palladium PC with Palladium turned off" or as a non-Palladium PC? (Hint: it's the former.)
2. Will I still be able to flash my BIOS? *All* of it? replace it completely? (Assuming TCPA hardware, they're lying if they say 'yes'.)
3. Why would I want to buy this, if I'm not interested in Hollywood movies but do want complete control over my computer?
I would like to know one thing. It's to do with this combination of words:
Microsoft. Computer and Network Security. Lecture. MIT.
Ha.
I'm sorry. I just don't understand how Microsoft is able to lecture students on the merits of their (closed, proprietary) technology at a university. What is the purpose of their visit, and how did it come about? Are they going with the intent of selling the idea of Microsoft 'security' to students (who, of course, would eventually be prospective employees or clients)?
I suppose I'll actually be pretty suprised if they were there in a serious, technical (and non-marketing) capacity given Microsoft's blatant hatred of the opinions of others when it comes to anything that doesn't fit their corporate vision. This also seems odd remembering their policy of (in)security through obscurity.
Just walk out of there if they try to make you sign anything.
Why should one buy a more expensive Palladium compatible computer if they can buy a cheaper non-Palladium one?
Why would a company restrict the content they provide and thrus limiting their consumers with a tecnology that will divide the world and conquer nothing?
Cheers...
They might not have an answer for this, exactly, but I'm sure I'm not the only one who's dying to know: What the FUCK?
4) ?
5) (Inconceivably large amount of) Profit
A. After it is released what is the ETA of the hack that will work around Palladium?
B. How many months will it be before MS comes out with a patch for the above mentioned hack?
Question: Do any non-industry customers (ie. consumers) actually WANT Palladium or any other DRM technology? As a "feature" that would restrict a user's ability to use and/or manipulate data in certain formats, doesn't this represent a step backwards from the enormous utility of personal computing?
Editorial - I can see people moving in droves back to high-quality analog video and audio editing as a result of DRM technology being forced upon consumers. The whole point of a fast digital computer is to rapidly and conveniently manipulate digital data regardless of the format on a single machine, so any restrictions on doing so is a step back towards single-use analog or simple digital circuits.
Don't they SEE what they're doing in the big picture? The day a personal computer won't compute what you want it to compute is the day you switch to something that will, plain and simple. They're playing with nothing less than the death of the general purpose processor.
The great technology boom of the 80's and 90's - and the wealth that was created as a result - happened because ownership of Personal Computers became widespread. Microsoft and Intel were two of the key players that triggered that explosion. One of the most important reasons people brought PCs was because they could write or run any software on them. They were open systems controlled by the user - not a corporation. Unlike the mainframes and minicomputers that preceeded PCs you could run the software you wanted and you didn't have to seek permission from yourIT staff.
Does Microsoft really believe its best course is to enforce a return to the bad old days of corporate control of computing through Palladium and other DRM mechanisms? Doesn't this route open up the way for a competitor to give people what they really want - control over their systems? Isn't this the beginning of the end for Microsoft?
Sailing over the event horizon
I hate to point out the obvious, but being that slashdot is an open forum, Microsoft (and their lawyers) will surely be watching for the most interesting questions, and preparing appropriately non-controversial answers for them. Ergo, anything you ask here is likely to get a marketing non-answer, rather than a real answer....
:-)
Just something to keep in mind
---- I made the Kessel Run in under 11 parsecs.
Since security is an area that Microsoft has failed in every attempt they've made, how is this going to be different?
Yeah, it's a troll question, but it IS what I would ask.
-- Will program for bandwidth
Let's suppose for a moment I'm writing a front-end for a database using Microsoft Studio... Then I compile the code...
;-)
If I can't run unsigned apps, how will I run my own code, even though I used 100% Microsoft tools to do it?
(BTW, I don't run any Microsoft applications and I build my own machines, so I would never run a DRM-enabled system, but hey, you asked for some questions
...to put in back doors for their use?
-- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
Are you astroturfing for fun, or profit?
Thank God my XP box is compatible with the Internet. I can tell The Internet is working, because ZoneAlarm keeps telling me when Media Player tries to Phone Home.
Since Brian LaMacchia was an MIT doctoral student of Hal Abelson who is the prof concerned, chances of that happening are nil. I presume he is giving the talk as he is also speaking at another event on Friday.
Brian designed much of the security architecture for dotNET which is pretty much state of the art for network application security. He also started the MIT PGP key server. Whatever Microsoft's past reputation might be, Brian is not responsible. Don't confuse the security abilities of the folk who write IIS or Outlook with the abilities of security specialists. As a group there are very very few organizations where anyone listens to us. Netscape had a really bad problem with security until they hired Taher and the brothers Weinstein and they only got listened to there because Netscape got burned baddly in several fiascoes in succession - like SSL 1.0 being broken before Marc sat down at the end of his presentation, the random number bug which they had been warned on repeatedly, etc. etc.
Don't fool yourself, all computer software companies have security problems that need to be addressed. I don't think the open-source scheme to get security consulting for free is going to be a good long term solution.
The point that slashdot people miss on Palladium is that for years the common rebuttal to a lot of security solutions has been 'you can't do that without trusted hardware'. So the fact that MSFT is pumping money into developing a trusted platform is a significant step forward.
OK folk may not like trusted hardware being available to the RIAA, but they are not the only people who can benefit. It is kinda like the same situation we had with key recovery and Clipper. Freeh was right, there are commercial uses for key escrow, it is kinda a problem if you have an encrypted disk and there is no copy of the key anywhere. Problem was that Freeh's illegitimate demands killed the legitimate market. Don't let the RIAA do that with Palladium.
For example storing your credit card # on a PC makes no sense, people still do it. They can do it a heck of a lot more safely if there is a trusted platform which will only allow trusted wallet applications access to that key.
Another example, for years we have wanted to have PCs that simply refuse to boot except to repair mode if the O/S has been tampered with. That way a trojan or virus can't lurk for years. Tripwire tries to do something like this but it really is a substitute for secure H/W
The Palladium folk know that any hardware scheme is vulnerable to hardware attacks. That does not make such schemes unworkable however. Despite the fact that smartcards are vulnerable to electron microscope attacks they do raise the bar significantly.
Looking for an Information Security student project suggestion?
Try http://dotcrimeManifesto.com/
The antidote for misuse of freedom of speech is more freedom of speech.
-- Molly Ivins
You've went to a lot of trouble to make the Fritz chip uncrackable, but Palladium has to be enforced in software. Taking control of the boot loader was a good idea, but what do you do when someone exploits a buffer overrun or a backdoor--or a macro in Word 95--to run arbitrary code, and disable all Palladium features. Isn't all your effort completely useless?
I see alot of questions here that refrence things from the open source movement. I would use more ambiguous words in their place because as soon as the folks from MS realize that your into open souce they're going to give you the run-around. IE, don't say open source projects, say personal software projects. in place of Ogg Vorbis, say alternitive audio codecs.
There was a MS representative at the career fair here at UVA and as soon as I mentioned the word linux, the conversation pretty much ended.
my other penis is a vagina
1. Will turning Palladium "off" ALWAYS be an option in the future?
2. What is plan "B" for a TPA (trusted computing architecture) when Palladium hardware security is defeated and anyone can run bogus signed code?
( I secretly want them to answer "Why, that's impossible, no one could ever break Palladium." )
* The Titanic was an UNSINKABLE ship! *
Easy: They provide customers with no other choice. Most home user machines today are either using AMD or Intel chips. Microsoft has made deals with both of them involving Palladium. I wonder how much money they accepted for the bribe.
Another dark side of this is that if MSFT is controlling Intel and AMD's offerings, then there is no true competition in the home computer CPU market which will of course kill off innovation and drive prices up.
Maybe because we can't grammatical sentences?
"Hardly used" will not fetch you a better price for your brain.
I. Who will be responsible for maintaining the list of valid "certificates" identifying secure environments? How will a site identify those who it trusts?
II. Under palladium, what mechanism will there be to "upgrade" to newer computer equipment, or restore material from backups to a replacement system?
III. How will the individual shareware or freeware developer be able to develop code that runs in the palladium secure portion.
IV. For security, you need to have a root "key" that decrypts all others. However, this key has to go over an unsecure bus (typically LPC bus). LPC sniffers were used in the X-box hack, how will palladium remain secure from these.
I am posting anonymous for a reason. If you agree with these questions, please mod me up.
Do you really think Microsoft cares or reads ./ ?
They probably block it on their proxy server since it would dishearten all their employees and create morale issues.
Also, ./ would be filled with more whining, e.g.
"I don't understand, we are just trying to make great software. Why do they hate us so much?"
1. Will it be possible, as a home user, to create and digitally sign a creative piece of work? Such as, a home movie?
2. What ramifications will this have on digital content created before the introduction of Palladium? Will it still play?
3. Will the information necessary to create a Palladium enabled viewer be available to public? Or will we only be able to use Windows Media Player to play Palladium enabled content? What are the projected licesing costs for a company that wishes to create a viewer that is able to view Palladium enabled content?
4. Will hardware that requires a signature be able to run content that does not have one? (if yes) Will this then mean that any software that pre-dates the hardware must be upgraded? (if no) Then how will this system differentiate between a desired, older, program, and a virus?
Necessity is the mother of invention.
Laziness is the father.
MS has made much hype about how Palladium will improve end-user security against email viruses.
Q1) What will Palladium accomplish for end-user security that couldn't be accomplished by turning off auto-execution and refusing to execute email attachments ? I.e. an audio/x-midi attachment should be *PASSED AS A DATA FILE TO MPLAYER*, rather than executed directly. This would've stopped KLEZ dead in its tracks.
Q2) A couple of names... "Aldrich Ames and Jonathon Pollard". Given that the CIA can't keep secrets, how does Microsoft expect to ? All it takes is one mole in MS, or one disgruntled employee to give out Microsoft's authentication signature. And every virus will show up as a "properly signed app". *WHY DON'T YOU GUYS TURN OFF AUTO-EXECUTION FER-CRYIN-OUT-LOUD* ???
Q3) Microsoft has Palladium patented like crazy. How much will MS charge to allow allow Open Source apps/OS's to run under Palladium ?
Q4) What restrictions/conditions, if any, will Microsoft place on Open Source or any 3rd-party apps/OS's to run under Palladium ?
I'm not repeating myself
I'm an X window user; I'm an ex-Windows user
Anyone the content owner selects.
The point is that the content owner has control here. If you don't want to palladium control the video you send to granny then don't lock it, if you do want it protected then lock it.
A more significant question is 'will companies not affiliated with major labels be able to use palladium to control access to their content without discriminatory terms?' In Europe Rupert 'Fox news is not biased right wing crap' Murdoch got control of the independent satellite chanels because he had control over the encryption scheme implemented in the decoders and could discriminate in the charges to use it. The labels could use a similar mechanism to keep out indie labels and band owned labels.
There does have to be a root for hardware though. Microsoft has not yet said how the root will be managed, however since Brian stuck all the SPKI stuff into dotNET he does appear to be into single rooted hierarchites.
Assuming that the harware manufacture will follow the DOCSIS model (which TCPA seem to be doing) there will be a root owned by some manufacturing consortium that any manufacturer can get certified under provided they undertake to meet the trusted criteria.
Looking for an Information Security student project suggestion?
Try http://dotcrimeManifesto.com/
Comment removed based on user account deletion
>>Do you really think Microsoft cares or reads ./ ?
4 25 5&mode=flat&tid=109
uh...yes?
http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/10/15/004
guns kill people like spoons make Rosie O'Donnell fat.
/ONLY playing devil's advocate; DON'T get on my case as this is not how I really feel/
Their answer will be:
"Providing adequate protection for digital content helps ensure that the quality of that content is protected, and maintaining the rights of the content producer will help maintain the quality of their work, which helps us all."
Again, I don't agree with this nor do I think it is a compelling reason, but if I were a Microsoft Market-bot-3000, that would be my standard output.
El Karma: excelente(principalmente la suma de moderación hecha a los comentarios de los usuarios)
Also, will palladium require a new secure internet protocol, and new secure routing protocols?
Maskirovka
Where does the balance of the user's rights and the content creator's rights equal out?
Will you stand up right now and state that the foundation of fair use - which our education depends on vitially - will not be burried by the media creators.
III.IIVIVIXIIVIVIIIVVIIIIXVIIIXIIIIIIIIVIIIIVVIII
"Microsoft is evil, blah blah blah..."
Now that's out of the way, let me remind you that there's a lot of truth to this often repeated statement. Palladium is, in a lot of ways, a cool, if horribly unoriginal technology (the concept of making software dependent on the presence of hardware to run has existed since dongles).
Regardless of how cool, funny, or "weak" it is as many of you claim, Palladium has two purposes. 1) Palladium is meant to make other deep-pocketed interests happy (more money for MS). 2) defeat any and all competition to Microsoft products.
It's very clear: Microsoft has the say-so in what code gets to execute on a Palladium-tainted computer. What code do you think will be allowed to execute?
You will argue: "It will be cracked." "We can stick with old computers." "This will not be accepted by businesses/consumers." But those arguments are either irrelevant or fall flat on their faces.
First of all, I agree. It will be cracked without a doubt. But do 99% of the users out there know how to use such cracks to free themselves? Do any of you crackers out there realize how complex this system is?
Second, we cannot stick with old computers. This is evident by the fact that there are hordes of users out there running 1GHz processors with half a gigabyte of RAM for the purposes of checking their email. Plus, software will always get more sophisticated and people will always want higher framerates, and so on. New computers will be purchased.
Last, of course consumers and businesses will buy up Palladium hardware! This is, without a doubt, the most absurd assumption anyone can make! "People don't want another DivX!" "People don't want to give up their rights!" Bullshit. People do not even know what their rights are. Not to forget that marketing spins already exist that are meant to convince people that they are getting something (increased security) when they are having something taken away. (Apologize to the guy who coined that phrase.)
Palladium is very real, and it is a very real threat. It will be adopted if it is allowed to continue. Even if we educate the public, it will press on (after all, users running Windows left and right, despite superior alternatives)? Sadly, I have no suggestions on how to deal with it... but we must certainly not take it as a laughing matter.
Why bother.
What this does mean, however, is hardware fiends going crazy to pick up "old" hardware. It's an OCP paradise, and should help breathe new life into hardware that's been moved to the "obsolete" pile..those of us who know hardware, however, know that even a 486 can be useful. This is immensely true for hardware that's slightly pre-Palladium. It's also a very good way to strip money from the hands of AMD and Intel..the more people boycotting this technology means a larger chance that the manufacturers will rethink this decision.
It's unlikely to work, of course, due to the huge line between a hardware geek and mainstream user.. but I think it could make some kind of dent. Certainly one that could last until someone is able to bypass/crack/trick Palladium.
So, I say let them do whatever. Last I checked, my Athlon XP 1500 ran FreeBSD very smoothly.
Seriously, IBM was at the top of the PC world in the mid-80s when they tried to act god-like.
They introduced the PS/2 and with it MCA. They even had the gall to threaten all clone manufacturers with retroactive licensing fees. They wanted the PC world for themselves, but clone makers stuck to their guns.
With so many alternatives, consumers voted with their pocketbooks, clone makers fought back, and IBM permanantly lost their lead in the PC marketplace.
Why does Microsoft think this won't be another PS/2, a death-knell for a company who thinks itself to be impervious?
Apple's products have come closer to price parity with PCs every year, and OSX could gain incredible momentum, given the proper influence. Now more than ever distributions like Mandrake and Redhat are making Linux a usable alternative for the x86 platform. I personally believe this could be more than just a bust for MS, in the current climate it could be a critical error.
Man is the animal that laughs.
And occasionally whores for Karma.
Those involved in dreaming up this Palladium scheme are surely corporate spies from Apple.
134340: I am not a number. I am a free planet!
In fact, stay away from the obvious questions in general. Answers will have been prepared and you will waste your time.
If you want to make them squirm, you need to come up with some direct and highly pointed questions that will be very difficult to avoid answering directly without making it very obvious they are so avoiding it. (You can't prevent avoidance, but you can try to make it obvious that that is what they are doing.)
If I could ask a question, I'd try something like the following:
- What kind of data recovery plans will exist if I buy $1000 dollars worth of digital music that is tied to my processor, only to have my processor get fried in a power surge? Will there be any way to recover my investment, or is it lost? If so, what's to prevent hackers from using that recovery mechanism? If not, how can this be a benefit to customers?
The meta-point: Perfect protection implies no recoverability. Recoverability implies imperfect protection. You can not have it both ways.It's pointed, and it will be very difficult to avoid giving an answer, or making it obvious there isn't one. Either there is a recovery procedure, or the customer is SOL... it's pretty binary. If there is a recovery procedure, hackers might exploit it. (Or do we have to dial home to Master Microsoft first?) If there is no recovery procedure, then how can they honestly claim this is a benefit to the customer?
Me, I'd lay money on a handwaving answer... but it should be obvious, if you do it right.
I've tried to limit these to technical questions only. Some of these could fall more under the TCPA's stuff rather than M$s Palladium, but might be interesting to hear what they'll try and pull:
What kind of performance hit can users expect to have when using encrpytion/DRM? And can they provide any benchmarks to back up any claims?
How much hardware will have to be "upgraded" to work with Palladium-enabled software?
What is the expected lifespan of Palladium security? I'm talking about this rev, not any "future versions".
Speaking of security, what kinds of encryption are they going to be doing? IIRC, TCPA calls for both symmetric and public key encryption. Key lengths? Uniqueness of keys? Disposablibity of keys? Key storage by third parties for any reason? Proof of any of the above (particularly the last one)?
How can a user ascertain if their system is running in "trusted mode" or not? Is it technically possible for a "trusted mode" to be running without the user's knowledge or consent? And, of course, how would they prove it?
Do users have the ability to determine all that is running on their system in or out of "trusted mode"? Let alone control that?
I believe I read somewhere about Palladium being able to create "vaults". If so (and I just wasn't hallucinating. Again), can multiple "vaults" be created, or even nested? Again, does the user have the ability to easily determine and access all vaults? If not, why not?
Speaking as someone in academia, how will this affect those of us trying and developing software and even hardware (unfortuneately some of the tools I've personally used have required the use of Windows)?
I don't know why people are so excited about Palladium. It can not function as they claim it. This is a fact, because nobody can ignore the reasons, at least not in this universe. I'm always under the impression that there are people who sell some highly speculative and esoteric garbage. They claim something that cannot work. And still there is applause for these people, for whatever reason. And if enough applause is around, everybody claps his hands, too, without knowing why. Anyway, Palladium will never do what it is claimed to do, it cannot function reliably and every child with a little skill in mathematics can find a proof for this fact. I will give this proof now.
Introduction
A computer is a formal system which you can analyze in various ways. Mathematics gives us nice measures to do it. These measures allow us to give predicates about ideas like Palladium without even knowing anything about their inner details.
If we assume a correctly functioning computer, this predicate is wrong. A computer is a system which can from its boot strap state reach only a finite number of states, while a Turing machine can reach an infinite number of states.
An ideal computer, which would have an infinite amount of memory, can emulate a Turing machine and is thus equivalent to a Turing machine.
This predicate is wrong. The finiteness of states a computer can reach is not disabled by the much larger finiteness of a network. Because the network, as opposed to the computer, grows over time, it can be seen as an unlimited amount of memory. You would just have to wait until someone, somewhere on the planet adds more memory to the network. However, this memory is over-directed and so the system is no longer deterministic. Therefore a computer with network connection is a non-deterministic system. Non-deterministic systems are not Turing machines. Any computer is deterministic if and only if the computer controls the network connection. This control is finite, because the computer has only a finite amount of states available. So a computer can still only reach a limited number of arbitrary states. That's why a computer is still no Turing machine.
This predicate is right. Since a Turing machine can emulate every deterministic computer, all limitations that are put on a Turing machine are also valid for the emulated computer.
A Turing machine is deterministic and is thus countable. Therefore it is imperfect as a formal system in the Goedel sense. Hint: In imperfect systems it is possible to pose a problem that cannot be solved within the system (e.g. the formula x*x = -1 in the real number system).
Based on these introductory insights a conclusion can be drawn now.
Evidence
This demand is legitimate. A security risk is, by definition, something that you cannot completely abandon. A computer connected to a network is non-determenistic and as such a security risk. A deterministic computer that does no longer react in a predictable way as soon as you connect it to a network is undoubtedly a security risk, because you can no longer tell what the computer does and why. Everyone should seek to avoid security risks with computers. Especially a platform that claims to make a computer more secure must be bound to this insight, otherwise it would increase the security risks instead of decreasing it.
This predicate is wrong. We assume that a computer does not work in a determenistic way with Palladium and it thus constitutes no Turing machine. On the other hand Palladium supervises the data processing inside the computer and cuts off certain states. Therefore the computer loses a lot of its possibly reachable states, that is the number of possible states becomes "even more finite" than it was before. If the computer remains deterministic, then the total number of states is lower than that of a computer without Palladium. For this reason a computer with Palladium is no Turing machine, either. (This is too bad. Would a computer with Palladium constitute a Turing machine that would be a direct proof that Palladium does nothing, because all Turing machines are principally equivalent).
This predicate is wrong. Either Palladium makes a computer insecure (see above: security risks) and will therefore not fullfill this claim, or Palladium is as a formal system imperfect by principle. Imperfectness in this case means that you can impose a request upon Palladium that it cannot fullfill, by principle. Since Palladium wants to give improved security, it either can not accomplish this claim or it has to limit the usage of the computer so that there is no way to use the machine for the broad number of tasks like before. The Goedelization in this case assures us that the limitations are by no means imposed on unwanted operations, which Palladium wants to prevent, but on wanted operations which Palladium permits (or even disres) for the user. It is irrelevant if I can now give a significant example for this or not. The fact is, simply put, that thanks to Goedel can construct such an example. That's why Palladium can again not fullfill its claim. The user is prevented from doing things that he is permitted to do due to Palladium, even though these operations are desirable.
The final conclusion will be drawn now
Conclusion
I assume that at Microsoft there are bright minded people who know enough about mathematics to not only be able to follow my implementations, but rather knew them long ago. I assume this because there's not much behind it. And therefore I assume that Microsoft knows that Palladium can not function in the way they claim.
Now that raises the question why Microsoft still propagates Palladium in the way they do? They should know that their claims are wrong. I see only two possible reasons for this riddle:
Either Microsoft wants to mock up activity in the security sector, which in reality doesn't exist and in such way gain market shares by marketing fluff.
Or Microsoft exactly knows that the computer will become completely uncontrollable with Palladium, because every networked computer with Palladium will work in a non-deterministic way. The non-determinism in this case helps specificially the one who controls Palladium, and this means Microsoft and Intel. But it will be exploited by hackers as well.
Since I make the assumption that the uprising damage from the second case would make an unrecoverable loss for the companies, I firmly believe that Palladium is marketing fluff. Professionals will turn off Palladium to have a (more) secure computer again. For consumer computers this might be a different case, but certainly no sysadmin is going to blindly accept an increased and easily avoided security risk.
Palladium most probably is nothing but marketing fluff without any backgroud - except moneymaking.
We shall not fear Palladium. If it was impossible to turn off Palladium, every computer's value would be zero if it was not connected to the net. And if it was connected to the net, it'd be completely indeterminate what the machines does. At least that's the consequence of Goedel's proposition of incompleteness.
Tino
Original text (german) can be found on: http://20k.de/postnuke/modules.php?op=modload&nam
Final word from the translator, ie. me: English is not my mother tongue.
If Palladium is supposed to increase security by allowing only signed programs to execute, what keeps it from executing signed programs in a "bad" manner. For instance, IIS will be signed, and deltree.exe will be signed, what will keep IIS from executing deltree.exe c: in response to one of the many remote exploits in it. The same goes for Office scripts... Office will definitely be signed, so what makes sure that the code run by office will be secure? How about other interpreted languages?
If I have been able to see further than others, it is because I bought a pair of binoculars.
I would ask this:
Will it be possible for new peripheral devices, like disk players for Super Audio CD or DVD-Audio, to use Palladium to make sure that only "authorized" (by the drive manufacturer) software can read the data from the disk drive? I.e. will the drive firmware be able to use Palladium to get an attestation on the secure hash of the running software that is trying to access the drive?
This would end unauthorized ripping of data from these new formats, which would be tremendously valuable to the content companies. It is plausible that these companies would only allow their drives to go into computers if Palladium could provide this assurance. Therefore by providing this capability, Microsoft would make PCs more attractive and useful to consumers, sell more copies of Windows, and make more money.
Microsoft has both the incentive and the technological capability to do it. But they haven't said if they will, and none of their public discussion has touched this issue. Please ask them.
Is how MS, the company that by virtue of its failure to recognize the security issues in the Exchange/Outlook/Outlook express situation literally caused the recent massive outbreaks of viruses, trojans, worms, etc. can look the rest of the world in the eye and claim to have a plan to solve all the problems with security. These security holes weren't accidental; they were caused by MS coders implementing an inherantly insecure idea. It was insecurity by design. What would make the rest of us believe that anything else they do wouldn't be just as outrageously flawed?
No one ever had to evacuate a city because the solar panels broke!
For God's sake. . . WHY?
KFG
Does all our base, in fact, belong to you?
Keep in mind that it's not the mainstreamers who drive the high end market. It's the hardcore gamers who want the latest uber-ninja gear and they will know what Palladium is and why they shouldn't buy it.
Comment removed based on user account deletion
1) a) How will one be able to turn off Palladium? (Suggestion: a physical switch, that is accessible from the outside of the case, for non-techies to use; also, this way it cannot in any way be remotely turned off) b) How will we be SURE that it is off? 2) a) Assuming that Palladium can be turned off, will the system work as though it were a normal system today? (I.E.- no Palladium) b) If the answer to 2a is no, then why? 3) How will everyone be SURE that Palladium will be able to run any OS, not just a Microsoft OS, and what will it take for an OS to be put on the "allowed" list? 4) Will Palladium have a time-out date after which someone will have to pay a new fee, or risk lock-out/deletion of their data? 5) What guarantee will the public have that Palladium won't lock out anything that Microsoft doesn't want run, and how will the public be able to file a complaint, and have it dealt with, for sure? 6) Will Palladium authentication of a program be free, by the creator of the program, so that it can run under Palladium?
There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
They want to hear "technical" questions? How about political questions? How about ethical questions? How about legal questions? I don't suppose they're prepared for that are they. They explicitely state that they're not. They want technical questions.
Q: "How does Palladium work?"
A: "Great question, Spanky! Let me tell you..."
Q: "Will it run on Windows?"
A: "Great question, Pookums! Yes!"
Q: "Do you have slack?"
A: "Great question, dude with the nipple rings! Huh?"
--Lawrence Lessig for Congress!
Content.
IMO it's a similar situation to DVD region coding. Consumers never wanted it, but the big studios wouldn't put stuff on DVD unless it was protected, so the electronics companies had to agree to it, and if we wanted to use DVD we had to as well. Which many did. If M$ can make a must-have Palladium app (probably business- rather than consumer-targetted), then you'd be surprised how many go for it.
Of course, the DVD protection was broken: player makers turned a blind eye to region mods, or even quietly introduced them themselves; and similar hacks became available for many DVD-RAM drives. Nevertheless, region coding still exerts a good deal of control over the DVD markets, and causes many consumers great inconvenience. And the same will happen with Palladium: if it becomes widespread and desirable, then someone is bound to crack it. But that won't stop it from causing untold pain and misery.
Ceterum censeo subscriptionem esse delendam.
The class website is here, and this page gives information on the lecture.
No, I'm not karma-whoring. This is useful information, if you plan on asking questions other than "MS sucks, don't you think?"
Scroll down on the lecture page to "Lecture 12", and take a look at the background reading on Palladium. Gives you an idea of what the students will (should) know before asking questions, and as thus it might be useful in this forum, too.
There is no sig, there is only Zuul.
Phrase it this way: "Microsoft knows all too well that MP3 is the prefered mass-market technology for music distribution and DivX is the equivalent for movies. With this in mind, why does Microsoft insist on supporting digital rights management rather than support market-proven technologies which the vast majority of its customers are comfortable with?"
If you feel the need to jab them a bit you can add as small semi-asides stuff like:
"Does Microsoft feel some sort of moral obligation to not support open technologies that the public currently users?"
"Does Microsoft feel that what benefits the content producers benefits consumers?" (When all good capitalists know it's the other way around because a company can't survive without satisfying its customers)
"Does Microsoft feel that the user experience is enhanced by limiting the choices of its users?"
Or if you just feel like making a political statement you can ask, "Does Microsoft value the relationship its trying to build with content producers more than its relationship with its users who it is restricting via DRM?"
I think this should be treated the same as any invitation to submit questions to an interviewee.
MS, in this case.
It's disappointing to see the flamage herein. Yep, Slashdot may be homogenizing, as some have asserted - becoming bland, grey, doubleplusungood sameness in all directions. Personified by Prolific Puking Proselytizing Punks!?!
Yet ---- on the flip side, there are too many superficial questions asked, which by their phrasing or their supposed "subtlety" or "indirection" will somehow be "sprung" upon the erstwhile MS drones standing under the bright lights.
Sigh.
This is a very rare opportunity, if indeed someone will represent "our" interests at this forum (and assuming the chance to speak).
We should be asking all the questions that have come up before, but that have not yet been answered: in Salon by Bruce Perens ('Perens is convinced that Palladium will let Microsoft decide which applications can run on a machine and which are simply too unsafe for public consumption -- such as programs written by open-source hackers. Perens even thinks that's the point of Palladium: "It's designed to kill off open-source development."') and in Dan Gillmor ("Microsoft has launched its Palladium initiative, a hardware-software system designed to make computing more secure from viruses and malevolent hackers. Palladium, unfortunately, could also be used by intellectual-property owners to lock down copyrighted materials in ways that would damage users' rights. Critics have also suggested that Palladium could be used to freeze out open source software -- and they make a compelling case.")
A few example questions:
What is Microsoft's response to Cringely's allegation that data will no longer be "permanently readable" - a characteristic of computing that is taken for granted today?
What is Microsoft's position today on this issue?
Is this DRM part of (or related to) Palladium? In any event, what recourse will users have when (if) their existing software ceases to function as a result of these new "features"?
Search Google, read all the material, find the unanswered questions - and it won't matter that Microsoft sees this slashdot thread. Ask the questions that MS knows about, but has not been able or willing to answer...
Redundancy is good; triple redundancy is twice as good! - Me.
If you accept that the copyright holders have the right to make their copyrighted materials "uncopyable", then DRM is a god solution up front. But how will Microsoft's Pal.ladium initiative, or any other DRM scheme, handle the expiration of copyrights? For example, I might not be able to copy Steamboat Willie today, but suppose the Supreme Court strikes down the latest copyright extension thrusting Willie into the Public Domain. Would Palladium allow me to then do as I please with the flick sincle DRM would no longer apply?
1 word - Monopoly.
Make all the new MS software unable to talk to the old stuff ("not secure, not "trusted"). Slowly, over a few years of course. Thus when you want to upgrade to Word2005 so you can read documents you created at work, you have to have Win2005 to do it. Win2005 does not function without palladium hardware. People have to buy new windows, new office, and new hardware.. everyone is happy. Oh, everyone except those pesky customers.
jello.
aka aron.
Question: What if the terrorists ram a Boeing 747 into Microsoft database server which stores the keys? Will all the machines in the world be useless and mountain afghans rule the world?
There is no reason you couldn't write an open source browser or office suite and have it run on a palladium system. The reason why there have been murmurs of a possible palladium/OSS conflict only apply to a certain type of program, specifically that which uses palladium/tcpa's "security" features.
;) )
Picture an open source media player. As it stands, xmms could be run on a palladium system and the oss model would work fine. It would play oggs ripped from your own personal cd collection and any company that takes the source, modifies it, and distributes a binary would have to release the source back to the community. No problem.
Now let's say a company takes the xmms source, adds support for drm-infested media, and releases a binary that's been digitally signed by MS, meaning that MS has examined the source and seen that it will not ever expose unencrypted, drm'd data to user access. It still plays oggs (they haven't removed that feature yet), but here's what happens when you try to connect to Disney's server to upload your credit card data and download Mickey Mouse 2010 (subtitile: Yes, we still have the copyright):
1. Disney queries your machine for it's unique ID (yes, all PCs must have them for the system to work).
2. Upon verification that the unique ID is a valid one from the central unique ID database, it asks your system for a signed, timestamped, digitally signed (by the TPM [trusted platform module) message saying that your system is running a drm-compliant OS.
3. If it gets an affirmative answer back, it queries the OS as to whether the app is digitally signed by MS. I'm not familiar with the system that will be used in this case, but I think identd would be an accurate model (i.e. "Is the app connecting from port xxxx on your machine to port yyyy on my machine digitally signed?").
4. If it gets an affirmative answer back, the server will then send content encrypted with the platform's public key (not the "unique ID" key, that one is a single purpose sign-only).
5. xmms, upon receipt of the data, plays it back according to the drm rules.
Now, imagine you want to modify the new xmms sources (that include drm support) to play a new audio format or to add a media manager function (or whatever). You still have free access to the sources, but once you modify and compile them, you get an unsigned binary out of your compiler. It still plays oggs, but when you try to buy a movie from Disney, the OS responds (in step 4 above) with a negative answer.
"No, the binary making that connection is NOT signed."
The result is that Disney will not send data to that app. I'll get the obvious question answered right now:
Q: What if you modify your OS to respond to all step 3-4 "is xyz app signed?" questions with a "yes" answer? Couldn't you break the system that way?
A: No. The authentication process would fail on step #2 above because your recompiled kernel wouldn't be signed so the TPM on your motherboard would refuse to vouch for it.
What does this mean for OSS? Well, not much. Open-source, non-pd/tcpa software won't be affected at all. OSS that does "handle" secure content as one of its main functions would be affected - you wouldn't be able to fork it unless you wanted to pay MS for a digital signature on every release to you want the pd/tcpa portions to keep working. In a nutshell, only the portions of OSS that normally depend on pd/tcpa would be nonfunctional.
So why is palladium/tcpa still a big problem? Well, a couple of reasons, but first, more Q&A.
Q: What if I were to physically crack open my trusted platform module and extract its private encryption and sign-only authentication keys.
A: You would have broken palladium/tcpa security.
Q: What if I were to replace my core root of trust for measurement (CRTM, aka my BIOS) with one that always reports the system is booting in a "secure state" to the TPM?
A: You would have broken palladium/tcpa security.
Q: What if I find a buffer overflow or other bug in a signed application (e.g. windows media player) that allows me to execute arbitrary code as that process?
A: You would have broken palladium/tcpa security.
Q: What if I find a buffer overflow or other bug in the OS or a signed driver that allows me to execute arbitrary code as the OS kernel?
A: You would have broken palladium/tcpa security.
I don't mean to make it sound easy - tcpa is designed to place these activities beyond the means of the average script kiddie. However, they are all very real valid security problems that palladium/tcpa _will never be able to solve_, specifically because of the nature of cryptography, mass-produced hardware, and information itself. I guess you could say that information really does "want to be free".
(Note to grammar nazis: Yes. I'm aware I put the period outside the quotation marks. I did this because I believe it enhances the readability of printed english. Putting the terminating semicolon from a line of C code inside the quotes around a quoted string just doesn't make logical sense. However, any its/it's, there/their/they're, or other stupid mistakes that detract from my ability to communicate clearly are fair game.
So why is it such a bad idea? Because people think it will work. The latest issue of PC World (November [?] 2002) features an ad from IBM touting the advantages of the latest Intel Pentium 4 processor's LaGrand Technology. If I could find it I'd post the page number, but if you look through the issue it's on the left side somewhere in the middle-ish section. It promises freedom from viruses and a more secure operating system. I think it promises completely secure e-commerce as well. The average PC World readers are going to read this and their eyes are going to pop out of their heads. "Really? No more viruses? No more trojans? Secure e-commerce? How wonderful!" When online companies start pushing "secure" online movie rentals (broadband only, some restrictions may apply, void where prohibited, etc...) the ones surviving heart failure will scramble to buy new pcs with this LaGrand Technology (or amd's equivalent). After all, who wouldn't want a virus-free secure PC that does new and exciting things?
Nevermind that the reason 99.999% of the computer-using public have to even think about viruses is because outlook is so incredibly insecure. Nevermind that the only things stopping global availability of secure online shopping are the certificate authorities' greed and US crypto export laws*. Nevermind that online movie rentals will most definitely not take off soon considering how much bandwidth is available to home users even with broadband. (Yes, you may have 2mbit cable, but what's going to happen when a large enough percentage of friday night movie watchers decide to download and cable companies are overselling their last mile _and_ backbone bandwidth at a ratio of 50 to 1?) Nevermind that LaGrande Technology is designed to be the cpu-side hardware support for tcpa/palladium which is already flawed. I'm not saying that IBM won't be able to make good on their promises of perfect security and a virus-free environment (that's a separate debate) - I'm saying that they're pushing a unique PC ID and Digital Restrictions Mechanisms into every home in trying to do it.
(* Yes, I'm aware that you can get strong ssl encryption in linux outside the US. Here I'm referring to windows, a product from a commercial entity that has at least a slight interest in pretending they obey US law.)
So that's how it's going to get into homes and businesses. What harm is it going to do once it gets there? Well, just because it's going to be hopelessly inadequate when it comes to serving its intended purpose of stopping online piracy of digital media doesn't mean that it won't restrict fair use rights. Sure, anyone can use a cracked pd/tcpa box to download a film from disney and then distribute it online, but if Joe user can't rip his legally purchased CD and send it to his car stereo because of draconian DRM code, that's a problem. And that's only the copyright/fair use side of the issue. What about security? What happens when a certain OS vendor, with complete confidence in its supremely planned but critically flawed transition element, starts getting lax on security and starts depending on pd/tcpa keep everything together? Even worse security holes than we've seen before due to inattention to important detail and (at least) internal code review.
I hope you see what I'm talking about now. The worst possible outcome is not that palladium/tcpa will progress as planned (which violates the "possible" part). It's that it will approach an uneducated public and fail miserably.
Are you a paying member of the eff yet?
Will Palladium feature the original, "classic" BSOD, or will it get a new, innovative color like the X-Box did with its Green Screen of Death?
--
"Outlook not so good." That magic 8-ball knows everything! I'll ask about Exchange Server next.
Will your Palladium software have any bugs in it?
1. What special networking services are going to be in play to keep everything in check (if any).
2. Will there be special ports left open (incoming or outgoing) for over-the-Internet verification or security checking purposes?
3. Will there be any detrimental effects for a Palladium machine that has no Internet connection?
4. Is it possible for the hardware solutions to be emulated with a mod chip/chips?
5. If Palladium is disabled to get around a problem, what happens if it is later re-enabled?
6. If using a Palladium machine to develop software, is it possible that some code will not run because of a Palladium restriction?
7. Is Bill Gates really Borg?
Comment removed based on user account deletion
Counterpoints.
Typically you'd rather lose data on an encrypted disk than risk it being compromised. Key recovery and key escrow go directly against this. Replacing mathimatically proven security for a human trust form of security = Bad idea.
As for storing a CC number on your computer and only allowing trusted wallet applications to access it. Sure, its rather stupid to store stuff like that on your computer. However you are far more likely to get it stolen from the other end. The server is known to have them and has a lot more than some random computer. I'm also not convinced that this system makes your data any more secure than an entirely software solution using encryption.
Finally, if you want to prevent a computer from booting if tampered with. It is pretty easy to boot from a write protected floppy. Put whatever verification you want on that.
Perhaps there might be some good uses for this technology, but I'd rather try to make esisting technology work than be forced to give up the control that MS/RIAA/MPAA want.
Except of course it wasn't ill fated at all. When the public outcry came along, the allowed the BIOS makers to put in an option to supress it. And they all did. For a time.
Got some Thinkpads a few months ago and guess what? The option is GONE. They win, we lose.
Expect the same tactics again. In the beginning it will be optional but it won't stay that way long.
Democrat delenda est
Typically you'd rather lose data on an encrypted disk than risk it being compromised. Key recovery and key escrow go directly against this. Replacing mathimatically proven security for a human trust form of security = Bad idea.
You sound an awful lot like Bruce didfive years ago before he got a clue and wrote secrets and lies which is all about why mathematically perfect systems are not what people want. BTW the main objection to Palladium is that it may not work if it is too perfect.
I sell key recovery systems, all my customers disagree. There are very few companies who would like to loose their accounts (other than those run by close supporters of George W Bush). If there were no demand for key recovery I would not sell it.
As for storing a CC number on your computer and only allowing trusted wallet applications to access it. Sure, its rather stupid to store stuff like that on your computer. However you are far more likely to get it stolen from the other end.
Not so, we can encrypt the cc number so that it is never known to the merchant (apart from the last four digits). SET did this years ago, it failled in part because of complexity but also because of the store on the PC issue.
Finally, if you want to prevent a computer from booting if tampered with. It is pretty easy to boot from a write protected floppy. Put whatever verification you want on that.
That is not particularly practical and not particularly secure either. Unless you can put the whole TCB onto a floppy (hint you can't get much of UNIX onto a floppy) then the attacker can compromise other system files and you are toast.
Looking for an Information Security student project suggestion?
Try http://dotcrimeManifesto.com/
What will a total restore look like under DRM? (EG: Now, just re-install everything. Under DRM, will software have to be re-authorized for the new install?)
What will a hardware migration look like? (Now, just re-load software, restore data. Under DRM, how will that affect data?)
What happens if a software vender requiring authorization after a reload goes out of business? How can the software be brought back into use without authorization keys?
When current applications go end of life, how will data from those old applications be accessed in archival mode? (Think IRS audit six years from today, and you are using, say, Quick Books.) How will all this be affected with XP goes End of Life?
Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the argument of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves.
I want to know what assurances there are, beyond verbal promises, that consumers' and citizens' rights won't be taken advantage of by large corporations behind Palladium.
Table-ized A.I.
If I understand correctly, Palladium checks the integrity of a program "down to a single bit" and will not allow the program to run if a single bit is different from what it expects.
What happens if a sector on the hard drive becomes corrupted? Whereas most programs will presently continue to run with a small amount of corruption (at least well enough to retrieve data), under Palladium would it not fail to load entirely? In other words, the most minor data corruptions become catastrophic failures.
Would it be necessary to reinstall the software entirely in order to run it under Palladium?
What effect will this have on people who want to run multiple OS's (let's just say for lack of argument, OS/2, or older versions of Windows... BeOS, linux doesn't even NEED to fit the picture here...)? Would this cause problems for re-installs, re-formats, etc. (What effect will this have on the frequency of re-installing?) How will this help the growth of private building of systems, existing hardware, hobbyist usage of BASIC stamp kits, etc.? need i go on? Why should manufacturers of various computer components/accesories follow suit?
This useless space for sale, inquire at front desk.
I wonder if they have guys reading all these posts, and preparing answers as we speak?
I'd like to hear more about Microsoft's claim that Palladium can't be used for copy protection of software. What about the idea of sealing (encrypting) part of the program using Palladium, loading it into secure memory, decrypting it and then running it? That would seem to allow for program code to be locked to a given computer, which is the essence of copy protection.
Yet Microsoft claims that Palladium won't facilitate copy protection. Is there some specific technical reason why this scenario won't work? Or does Microsoft just mean that they don't plan to use this method at present?
Here's an exchange that will open the audience' ears.
Q.) "Suppose I boot my computer with a non-Microsoft, non-Palladium operating system.. such as Linux or BSD or Plan9. Will I be locked out of all my Palladium multimedia, software, and documents?"
expected BS: A.) "Well, the idea of Palladium is to create a trusted platform for all data exchange, so each part of the computer needs to cooperate for this to work. I can't say for sure how other operating systems will fall into this picture."
FollowUp Q.) So what you're saying is that any software which does not or can not cooperate with Microsoft Palladium will be locked out of certain media and documents?
A.) some form of 'yes'
How will paladium affect computers and OS in other countries? I'm from sweden and the prospect of living with US laws (DRM, CARP, DMCA, etc) isn't a very compelling idea.
Will we (non US) be unaffected by paladium? If so, how?
Here are some questions you might want to ask these guys:
1. Will American government agencies (eg. FBI, CIA, NSA) have access to the data gathered by
Palladium?
1.1 If 'no': WHO will have access to the gathered data?
2. Has Microsoft considered that the rest of the world might go their own way when it comes to
OS and software?
3. Why does Microsoft have the right to poke around inside a person's private property?
If they say something like they have the right to do it because you might have illegal copies
of software they own, then ask one of the two questions below:
3.1 Is it okay if local store owners in Redmond break into Bill Gates' home a
little bit now and then, just to check if Bill has some of the stolen items
originating from their stores?
3.2 Would you accept video cameras in your house that's controlled by the police?
After all, you might be a thief and keep stolen goods in your home...
in terms of research and development/setting the standard, i'd say that's very true. still, i can't help but wonder realistically what this translates to in terms of revenue for manufacturers. there are still a large number of mainstream types who consider themselves "hardcore gamers", even if they don't even know what overclocking is.. they do know, however, that if you want framerates that will burn a hole through your retinas, you need hot-shit hardware. real hardcore gamers would build their own system, as far as i'm concerned..even so, i'd be willing to bet the people buying those crappy systems from the likes of dell and hp aren't all stay-at-home mom's and webtv converts. optimistically, hardcore types will boycott palladium, but realistically, they can only hold out so long before the games start to rely on uber-ninja gear (at least in their minds).
If i can listen to it, it can be copied. If i can see it, it can be copied.
There is NO WAY to keep people from recording audio and visual data that is meant to be viewed. if we can see it, we can copy it.
if that's the case, what's the point behind protecting audio and video data, as it will be copied anyway.
or you could ask them
will i still be able to listen to my cd's without having to carry my cd's with me? will i be able to listen to 20GB of mp3's on my iPod if i own a new DRM machine?
if i can't, why would i want to buy one?
or ask them
why are companies so interested in chaining people to their desktops? the ability to space shift media is key to a computer's use, why limit that?
So, will Palladium be extended to mobile platforms such as the Pocket PC, cell phones, toasters, etc?
Will the specs be given out to other hardware manufacturers to implement for their own devices, or will Microsoft have a monopoly on secure hardware?
Will the .NET Compact Framework support Palladium?
Since it seems the majority of slashdots audience is 13 year olds.... If you want to make them sweat, ask the questions that are going to hurt the most. The General ones are too easy, you want to reinforce the pain with direct evidence as to their incompetance. I think I have a batch that will make them squeam in pain and potentially give the poor representative a heart attack. 1: If Microsoft is going to implement any autonomous updating mechanisms in Palladium or any future operating system, will those autoupdating mechanisms be protected against the attacks that, for example, allowed the virus, Nimda, to slip into a help file in the korean release of .net, or allowed previous viruses to slip into updates Microsoft publicly released? If Microsoft was hacked and someone was able to execute a DDOS attack with however many millions of PC's a Micrsoft had autoupdated, what kinds of recovery mechanisms and schemes would be in place to recover from such of a disaster? And finally, would these recovery mechanisms include saving a users data if the virus hadn't already wiped it out?
-To give them a heart attack. Point out the biggest, baddest, most major flaw in their system that can indeed be exploited.
2: If Microsoft is to compete with linux and other open-source operating systems, what portions of code would microsoft be willing to release to the public so modifications of the operating system would be possible?
-To catch them completly off guard.
3: Will there be any central-verification of ownership with Palladium much like that implemented with XP that would require the dissemination of user identifiable data to Microsoft as a verification of purchase mechainism? If so, will this automatically sign users up for passport? Also, would such data be protected against dissemination out of Microsofts computer system much like the accidental posting of Passports users PI on Infospace's Internet White Pages which attributesd to Hotmails spam problem? In addition, will users be opted out of all advertising and any security features and/or extras by default?
-To make sure that they will keep our data safe and secure. I especially like the last line =)
4: Will Microsoft's palladium enabled software, such as the Office Suite, have proper, GPL'd lisencing for at least 1 file format so that users may opt-out of having their data stored in a properietary format?
-A bit more aggressive, but it's something they won't be ready for either.
5: What will a palladium-enabled operating system consider "secure" software? Will it be anything of the users choosing or will software only be allowed to run if it has the proper securities approved by some external party?
- This is nailing the coffin shut, frankly. They will be prepared for this one, but unless they answer "users will be able to do what they want with palladium enabled" then they are directly answering that something is amiss.
Candy-Coated Knowledge
Won't Palladium delay the release of critical security patches, leaving computers vulerable to attack?
This question should probably be saved until some of the groundwork for it has been already been covered. Here's the basis for it...
Palladium programs and any Palladium data can only be used on a trusted nub ("nub" basicly means kernal). Any changes to the nub are going to have to be submitted for approval as a new trusted nub. How long will this approval process take?
I think they plan an "independant" body to certify/sign a nub as trusted. If so point out this will massively delay the release of their security fixes.
If Microsoft plans to do their own certification that their nub is trustworthy then point out that they are leveraging their 90+% marketshare to create a monopoly on trusted nubs and all commercial use of Palladium.
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- - You can't take something off the Internet! That's like trying to take pee out of a swimming pool.
"Would you stake your daughter's life on the security of the Pallidium system?"
"Your superior intellect is no match for our puny weapons!"
Good question. The only way I can see this system being secure against emulating the client is if the chips have an onboard private key, and the public key is made available in a public database linked against some sort of chip serial number. There goes anonymity.
There's no reason for a sig here.
Why do most so many people use Microsoft products? Is this because their products are functionally better? Or does a network effect play a large part in Microsoft's success. The more people that use Microsoft products and especially the OS, the more applications will work with them, thereby increasing the utility of their products. In addition, many users use Microsoft products because it appears to be easier to conform to the status quo.
I believe Palladium is an excellent means to extend the magnitude of this network effect. Microsoft knows that consumers will not be eager to purchase products that seem inferior to there predecessors. And Palladium will not look inferior. A Palladium system does not directly restrict what the user can do with the system. You will be able to run all the applications you run now and use them in the same way on a Palladium system. But, a content provider will be able to effectively only provide content to consumers running the software they deem appropriate. This software can be very restrictive. If you decide not to use the restrictive software, you give up your right to receive content from providers that require it.
The success of this technology as a DRM tool rests in not restricting the consumer to much. Lets assume the system is developed to a point where it can reliably authenticate an individual user via a smart card or something. This would allow a user to receive the content they licensed at any system that can authenticate a user and is trusted by the content provider. While this trusted systems will only allow users to access content they are authorized to access. If Microsoft could provide a reasonably high penetration of Palladium products, many consumers would find the restrictions of the system reasonable enough to justify purchasing protected content. The more consumers that purchase content, the greater the demand for Palladium products to utilize that content. The more Palladium products the greater the demand for the protected content. There is clearly a critical mass in which palladium would prosper or flounder.
Its important to note that in this scenario, Palladium didn't restrict the user from doing an explicit thing they could do before like playing there mp3's. It simply provides the consumer with access to more content. This is assuming this content isn't provided by means outside of Palladiums control. For this reason, I would expect software will be the first candidate for exclusive distribution within the palladium realm. Infact, Microsoft can add value to palladium by providing software that can only be acquired by a palladium system.
If the use of palladium becomes wide spread, a palladium enabled computer would offer a distinct added value in terms of available content over a non palladium counter part. Yet, to be an effective palladium system, the content providers must trust that system. But, establishing a system as trusted will be an expensive task. An individual would not be able to modify their palladium open source kernel (if such a thing will ever exist) and expect it to be trusted. If this where the case, palladium would be ineffective. This will prove to be a major challenge to open source development. It would inherently make working on many open source projects reduce the value of your computer.
If successful, the Microsoft palladium products will be better than the alternatives not because of technical merits but simple because they are trusted. Establishing software as trusted by the plethora of content providers could prove to be a task only the largest Corporations could afford.
This leads to the question. How will a content provider know what software to trust? Will each content provider need to explicitly define what software they trust? If an entity developed a palladium OS, would that entity need to get each content provider to trust it in order to compete with the Microsoft products that will undoubtedly be trusted by all?
More and more countries start to realize that relying on a foreign, closed source OS to run their government infrastructure, is uncomfortable at best, and a possible huge security issue for industrial or other spionage at worst. For this reason, some are pushing OSS to replace all closed source. So, given that Palladium is really about giving a foreign and hence untrusted/unknown third party control over what your PC will and will not allow you to do, does Microsoft agree this could lead to a much stronger rejection of their OSes by governments, educational institutions, large corporations, and so on ?
* Only DRM/"Trusted" systems will be able to play content from the Music industry or Hollywood.
* For an operating system to be trusted it needs to be vetted and signed for use with DRM. i.e. it needs to be a "known quantity".
* An OS where the user can modify it at will is not a "known quantity" or signed, and even if it was, as soon as you recompile it you would break the signature. Basically, an OS where you are allowed to modify it, can not be trusted. (Allowing modifications being a large part of the "Freedom" involved in Free Software. You can't have it both ways).
The result being a world where only non-Free operating systems can play the entertainment industry's content, by design.
If you thought playing Windows Media files on Linux was tough now, wait until Palladium.
--
Simon
Does the adoption of Palladium mean that Microsoft will recommend against the use of Windows OS's in medical and similar applications?
One such faq was:http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/defa ult.asp?url=/technet/security/news/PallFAQ2.asp
Few important notes:
- Palladium can be turned on/off at will.
- Palladium runs on top of the OS.
- Palladium enables better privacy. You can keep personal information from leaking from your machine, even when running untrusted programs on your machine.
- DRM is something that can be built *on* Palladium. DRM is a possible outcome of Palladium. Is that reason to hate/protest Palladium? By analogy, the DCMA is right to disallow software which can enable copyright infringement, despite what that software can also be used for.
- Palladium is designed to prevent against subversion tactics from software. It makes no guarantees against physical compromise of the local machine.
Overall, I think the biggest problem with Palladium is the potential it has to hurt other OSs. If media companies decide to use it because of it's security, it'll mean that they'll be developing exclusively for Windows, and not Linux. Unfortunately, I can't really see how one might develop an open source version of Palladium.The obvious question with this is: What is the control infrastrucure for Palladium? Who controls file revocation lists? Who controls policy enforcement? Who can gain control through the courts? Who can gain control without users' knowledge?
Specifically, How is storing private RSA keys on an SSC (Security Support Component) different from centralized key escrow management? (Won't the SSC vendor know or at least be able to know the private key?) Also, What are the costs of using blacklists and whitelists?
Another obvious question, although less technical, is: How this is going to succeed where eBooks have not? Back in 2000, when eBooks were the just coming out, Microsoft predicted that it would be a multibillion dollar industry with rapid growth. Digital copyright protection capability was added to their version with the hope of securing their revenue. How are eBooks doing now? Are there any conclusions that can be drawn from this? Perhaps this is an instructive analogy to extrapolate from.
Finally, and perhaps most importanly (but least answerable), the two FAQs above paint rather different pictures of Palladium and TCPA. How are we to know what the effects will really be? Do we have to look at the source?
What Palladium does is to enable the computer to NOT trust its owner.
Any other problem allegedly solved by Palladium can be solved without it.
Really!!
)9TSS
The point is that the framework must not be adopted. To have one company control all aspects of data manipulation is insane. And what's more, this is the company that changes their EULA in an upgrade! So even if the answer to your question now is "why sure, you can create, distribute, run, and in general do anything you want with open source or any other program!" what makes you think that they can't just change this sentiment for "security reasons" or because they decide to call open-source "flawed" or "threatening" or whatever... the point is that, by adopting the system, you give them that control.
I don't usually like to quote Star Wars, but in this case it's more than appropriate:
"Once you start down the Dark Path, forever will it dominate your destiny." --Yoda
The point isn't what will happen once we're already on the path... the point is we must never even start in that direction. Don't give up self-government of data for promises of greater security any more than you would give up your Bill of Rights for better CIA surveillance.
Oh wait... I forgot we've already done just that.
"We must still have chaos within in order to be able to give birth to a dancing star." --Friedrich Nietzsche
Say I have a Palladium-enabled computer and I have bought some digital audio from the Net. How can I do something completely normal with it, like burn it to a CD so I can listen to it in my car?
I believe posters are recognized by their sig. So I made one.
Say I write something in an interpreted language, Python, Perl, Java, whatever.
The interpreter binary that runs the code is signed, totally officially Palladium-fine.
Then I can write any Python code that does whatever, can't I? You can't sign the ASCII source code.
I conclude that any language interpreter, or any application that has any sort of scripting language (say IE, Outlook, Word) can't have any means of breaking out of DRM in the language or it won't be certified. This is unbelievably crippling.
I believe posters are recognized by their sig. So I made one.
You raise a good point there, the value of the digital media may far exceed that of the system. Systems get replaced/upgraded, so there must be a workable key recovery system which can cope. If a key recovery system is in place, then we have to factor in how many machines are replaced/repaired in a year. This is a lot, taken worldwide. What kinf of key recovery procedure would function for so many systems per year?
The prospects of Palladium are fantastic. However from a cryptographic "data flow / data storage" perspective, there are still many fears that the wealthiest corporation in the world will strong-arm this technology through without the required public review and due diligence.
The AES process took years of open and very public scrutiny. Palladium will require at least that long before it is trusted. What are Redmond's timelines for disclosure, review, and deployment dates?
Maybe not today, and maybe not tomorrow, but soon that man will have a coronary that they will talk about for YEARS.
"Sometimes a woman is a kind of religion, she can save your soul & set you free from all your sins" - Bad Examples
One of the reasons consumers are supposed to care about Palladium is the protection it can offer against running untrusted code such as viruses. Seems that a good number of the effective viruses are not standalone executables, but Outlook scripts, Word macros and the like.
Is Palladium supposed to offer any protection against these? (If not, then skip the rest of the arguments...)
How would Palladium help? Presumably MicroSoft applications would be "trusted", yet these applications are the executables that are doing the damage (while executing the macros or scripts).
Are scripts and macros going to be considered distinct executables, that must be independently certified and signed? What about very common scripts like javascript for HTML Image rollovers, layers, form validations, etc.?
If not every script has to be signed, then how does Palladium make a practical distinction between what does need to be signed and what doesn't?
If every scrip has to be signed, then how would a new Palladium enabled system keep compatibility with the existing web, existing microsoft documents, and microsoft's application design philosophy?
Let's say I have a piece of software that would want to operate on Palladium-encrypted data, say a OSS alternative to a (overpriced/bloated/bugridden) commercial application. For some mysterious reason (read: monopoly power) Palladium-encryption of this data has become a de facto standard.
;)
Would I have to submit the source code in for verification? How much would a code validation cost (read: much more than any OSS dev could afford)? Would I have to go through the entire process every time it was updated/bugfixed? Or would there be some notion of being trusted in good faith, probably with a huge legal liability attached (also a OSS dev no-no)?
I fear that the Palladium scheme will lead to a monopolization of the software arena, favoring the big software corporations, and the death of using open standards. "See the [LOTR II/Matrix II] trailer here on our MSHTTP server - the new standard for multimedia content. (Palladium/Windows Longhorn/WMP14 required)"
It's also a perfect solution to Microsofts increasingly big problem justifying OS upgrades. Now its new feature can be "access to all the digital content provided by [new wiz-bang-protection scheme]".
Microsofts biggest concern should probably be their stupid users. I think Windows/DRM formats will piss a lot of people off when they don't understand how to copy/back-up/transfer their files to a new machine or similar. Unfortunately, I don't quite see who'll be there to pick up the competition. Macs will always be there on the sideline, and while Linux is coming along I don't quite see it being the OS to tell MS to KISS
Kjella
Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
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One thing that everyone doesn't seem to get is that consumers would love Div-X if it was the only way to watch a movie.
The fact that they can just go buy a movie on DVD for less than they can buy a music CD killed Div-X. Div-X didn't kill itself.
If the only thing that MS supports is a palladium computer, and of course the only OS that your office will run is MS, then your office will buy new palladium computers.
You can then chose to run WinXY at home, so you can steal your office applications and be compatible, or you can stay back on clunky old WinXP.
Intel and AMD are both already working on in. You won't be able to bypass it with Linux because of the DMCA. You will have to stock pile old hardware just to run Linux. You won't have a choice to chose non-palladium if MS has its way. The consumers will vote resoundingly for palladium.
Sort of like the free election in Iraq. Of course Saddam will get 100% of the vote, he is the only one on the ticket.
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Peter Biddle of Microsoft gave a palladium talk at the usenix security symposium in August. At this talk he said that he was unaware of any way that Palladium could be used to combat software piracy.
Lucky Green immediately wrote down several ways in which palladium could be used to do this, and filed patents on these methods.
Explain the above, then ask if Palladium have any method of preventing software piracy. Follow up by asking if they are utilizing the methods described in Lucky Green's patents.
"Weapons should be hardy rather than decorative" - Miyamoto Musashi
I think that goes for OS's too
Kinda strange logic here, you express suprise at the idea that someone educated at MIT would make statements you find illogical, the statement being that someone who comes from MIT is unlikely to make stupid statements. Were you trying to construct Zeno's paradox?
I know Brian and Hal, have done for years. I have lectured to Hal's class. I have also discussed Palladium with Brian at some length.
The fact is that the questions are far from unpredicatable. In fact the ones you appear concerned about are exceptionally predictable and very easily answered.
Looking for an Information Security student project suggestion?
Try http://dotcrimeManifesto.com/
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The question that any business should ask itself constantly, and I don't see a clear, disclosed answer to this one:
How will making this action (creating a digital rights management infrastructure at some cost to both me and my partners) and distributing it increase shareholder value?
That is, do I expect to sell millions of these things? How?
I expect the answer is: "We'll stop selling operating systems without Palladium. Thus you must have Palladium hardware to run software released after x, where x is the release date of Palladium"
Which is an obviously evil answer. PR guys don't like giving obviously evil answers, so I'm curious what his actual answer is.
Wow, the whole idea makes me wanna go buy an AMD box (assuming AMD will boycott Palladium) and install Linux today so I won't be forced to make the transition in a year or so.
I am disrespectful to dirt! Can you see that I am serious?!
Same way they turned Windows into a robust O/S hire a bunch of experts living in the vicinity of Cambridge MA. In the case of WNT they hired David Cutler and the VMS core design team from DEC. Most of their security folk seem to be ex-DEC, ex-MIT or both.
Given an unlimited budget anything is possible. The problem with security is that it takes a lot of time to get anywhere.
Biggest problem to date has been the inadequacy of the security mechanisms for scripting languages. Under VMS you could spawn a process that had reduced privs, e.g. remove network access and disk write access from the process spawned to open mail attachments.
Looking for an Information Security student project suggestion?
Try http://dotcrimeManifesto.com/
My question would be:
At what point does microsoft plan to not be compatible with older operating systems. With the mainstream use for the most part of the windows 2000 (think XP here as well) will there be integration of this technology within these operating systems, or will this new technology only be utilized and supported by newer operating systems produced by Microsoft (see longhorn and blackcomb)?
In the event that this is only supported by newer operating systems, what steps are being taken to reduce the risk of these systems interfering with the security of the newer machines interfacing with the old ones, as well as provide backwards compatibility?
Investment (paying people to give up the golden egg)?
George Lucas is sitting on a perfect digital high-resolution master of his own Popular Science Fiction Movie. He is willing to release it to the public if it is protected by DRM. However, he knows that if he goes with the Palladium DRM solution, it will eventually be cracked, and controlled distribution of his work will be compromised (meaning: everyone can get it via P2P networks).
Why would an intelligent media company create something special for Palladium (that we wouldn't have without DRM) if, as history has shown us, it isn't a matter of if it is cracked, but when?
As a consumer, why would I want to go with a DRM solution? We've been told that 'special deals' and 'special content' will be magically unlocked by DRM. But given the case above, that a media company seriously risks compromising the distribution of anything their release via Palladium, they will be reluctant to create those special deals. And people will be more than happy to get their hands on the same material, without all the st(r)ings attached.
How do you solve the chicken in the egg?
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(Blah, blah intro. "Microsoft shares are putting me through college.") As an investor in Microsoft, I am concerned of the encroachment of Open Source (or use "free software") and its displacement of commercial software. How will Palladium help control this profit draining activity?
How do you plan on handling the possibility that Joe User will think his Palladium machine is broken (won't play many of his favorite files, typing in his driver's license number doesn't help)?
and
Do you think the PC manufacturers are up to handling all the returns of the "defective" PCs?
How does this benefit the consumer?
How does it make my computing experience any easier or better.
I'm not asking how it benefits corporate america who simply wants locks on my home installed and I have to ask to be let out/in.
What will palladium do for me?
"You should always go to other people's funerals; otherwise, they won't come to yours." -- Yogi Berra
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Here is a question I would like you to ask. I believe that it is a good question because it is simple and hard to evade:
Palladium technology allows for the signing authority, in this case Microsoft, to create a blacklist of forbidden computer documents on all Palladium enabled machines. Will Microsoft maintain sole control of their ability to blacklist documents, or will they grant this ability to government as well?
--
What happens when you outlaw guns
Once suitable hardware is available, will Palladium have support for brain implants?
Followup question:
If my implant wears out and is replaced will I loose all my memories if I don't first transfer my license files from the old implant to the new one?
Those who would give up liberty in exchange for security and DRM should switch to Microsoft Palladium!
How about this one:
"If I, as a ameteur filmmaker, wish to create and distribute a homemade DVD of my work, what kind of process would I have to involve myself in to ensure that my work could be displayed on a Palladium-enabled computer? Will I have to purchase new mastering software? Will my current DVD-authoring software create DVDs that can be viewed? Will I have to pay a fee to apply a digital watermark? How will the watermark key be controlled and disseminated? Am I giving up rights to my work?"
We all know the big companies are behind it. But what about people who want to create content for themselves?
In other words,
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Does this mean, for example, that Apple would have to have Microsoft review the source code for its Windows version of the Quicktime player? Would Oracle have to release its source?
It seems so rediculous that I can't see either one of those companies letting an outside party review thier source code. Particularly under a Microsoft-inspired initiative.
From a technical standpoint, the certification "authorities" could be anybody.
I have a question about this. Who has responsibility for the 'safety' of any certified code? Is it the organisation issuing the certificate, Microsoft or the original author?
I'm guessing its going to be the author - in which case, what requirement is there for the certification people to do a thorough job?
On a related note. Couldn't a malicious program also be given a certificate by a 'rogue' organisation allowing it on to the Palladium platform?
Thanks for any information.
Best wishes,
Mike.
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Heh. Tell that to the RIAA.
How are their sales of the manufactured rubbish they've been trying to force-feed us lately, by the way? :-)
If you disagree, post your argument. (-1, Overrated) isn't your personal censorship tool for views you don't like.
Agreed. But that is because many of the protocols, APIs, file formats and hardware specifications are secret. The more we use GNU/Linux, more of this information get available and is put into good use.
Additionally, MS Windows can't keep your privacy, protect you from viruses, save you on hardware and software costs, give you the information and freedom GNU/Linux does.
Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA
DA, DBA, SysAdmin, Data Modeller
GNU Project, Debian GNU/Lin