Slashdot Mirror
We the Media
The main focus of We the Media is the ongoing revolution in journalism, but it is much broader than that. It is about media and communication in general. It is a report in mid-2004 on many of the predictions that Marshall McLuhan made in the 1960s and 70s about how technology will change the way we communicate for good and ill.
It's actually somewhat difficult to write, precisely, what the book is about. Gillmor has taken a diverse range of subjects from technology, to politics, and law, from blogging to broadcast and spread spectrum, and combined them into a compelling and provocative narrative. The ideas come fast and furious, but Gillmor's writing talent keeps the reader on track. In fact, there are so many concepts discussed that there really is not enough room to summarize them all in this review.
Instead, it is probably easier to talk about who the book is for. Gillmor sets it out in his introduction: journalists, newsmakers and the people formerly known as "the audience."
Journalists
Very simply, We the Media should be required reading in journalism schools for students and professors. I'm serious. If you're a publisher, editor, or an actual breathing reporter, and you want to get up to speed on what is happening to your profession, you need to read this book.
Revolutionary shifts don't usually happen overnight, and the one in journalism that Gillmor describes didn't either. He briefly sketches a progression of changes from revolutionary era newspapers and pamphleteers to the increasing centralization of corporate media behemoths in the 20th century. However, there is a day he can point to when the latest shift became pretty obvious. That day was Sept 11, 2001. That was the day that personal media, through email lists and websites, became an important way for the story to get out.
Personally, I was at a public television conference in Wisconsin. Many of the attendees were journalists for local PBS affiliates. Connected to the net in the conference room, I was getting news through Slashdot because most of the major media websites were down, and the broadcast news was simply playing video of the attacks over and over. Soon, many of the other attendees were also checking Slashdot for links to and mirrors of the news gathered by Slashdot's readers. That may not seem like a big deal, but as Gillmor relates, similar things were taking place in many other net forums. The importance of these alternate news sites has continued (you're reading this aren't you?).
Because the whole book is about journalism, it is a bit hard to pick out more highlights, but Gillmor does begin his chapter on "Professional Journalists Joining the Conversation" with a Slashdot anecdote concerning Jane's Intelligence Review thanking the Slashdot community for pointing out the flaws in a proposed article on cyberterrorism back in 1999. Actually, much of what Gillmor is talking about is basically how journalists can be more like Jane's - working with and taking advantage of the fact that the audience knows more than the publication.
Newsmakers
If you are a politician, CEO or advisor to similar, you should probably read this book as well. In many ways, journalists are middlemen, connecting those making news with those who want to learn the news. One of the things technology is enabling is the ability of newsmakers to connect directly with their audience in many ways. Of course, as Gillmor documents, many businessmen and politicians don't really understand how to communicate through this new medium properly. Nevertheless, there are lessons that can be learned from the mistakes as well as some positive examples of those who've used new technologies successfully.
The People Formerly Known as "The Audience"
Basically, everybody who comments down below this review is participating in it. You're not simply an audience; you're co-authors of this review. What I'm writing here is only a starting point for the conversation. If you're interested in becoming a more active participant, in learning more about the role the once-passive, now-proactive audience is playing in creating, editing and filtering media, then you probably want to read this book too. We're all journalists now.
Free As in Speech (and Beer)
The book has an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Creative Commons license. The digital text isn't available on the web yet, but should be very soon. Expect a profusion of formats, audio versions, translations, and wikis to follow. One thought of mine is that classes of journalism students should be regularly given an assignment to keep the book up-to-date.
We the Media also has a weblog, which will be a good place to keep track of the book as it develops. Just because a book has been published doesn't mean it has finished changing.
You can purchase We the Media: Grassroots Journalism by the People, for the People from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews. To see your own review here, carefully read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.
If you haven't read the book? That's the problem with most blogs. Everyone's opinion is not news.
Well, first they should learn to read.
--- Ban humanity.
that a book praising the waste of time known as Slashdot would get such a stellar review here!!!!
Screw realty just hook me up another monitor!
And, because he is a trained writer, he knows how to explain it well.
/. reviewers go out of their way in a futile attempt to show their mastery of the English language?
hopefully better than the reviewer. Why is it that
Personally, I was at a public television conference in Wisconsin. Many of the attendees were journalists for local PBS affiliates. Connected to the net in the conference room, I was getting news through Slashdot because most of the major media websites were down, and the broadcast news was simply playing video of the attacks over and over.
Go back and read through the comments in those stories. Most, if not all of the 'news' was simply people who were watching TV and typing at what they heard. Not only that, the amount of incorrect news both on Slashdot and on the major media outlets that day was understandably quite large. Slashdot just gave people who weren't there a way to talk and theorize about what was happening. TV was still the best place to get info that day. Slashdot wasn't.
You can get PDFs of the entire book from http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/wemedia/book/index. csp.
who will do the hard job? ;)
Yes it is, here: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/wemedia/book/
sound like a winner.....
I own a pump action golf ball cannon. I made it myself.
The medium isn't the message, per se. The message is the message. It doesn't really matter with what edium a message is transmitted; information is information.
This was reinforced recently by the blogsters at the Democratic Convention. Few said anything of consequence. That what they transmitted was using new media didn't matter. Crap is crap.
And as such, I don't think I can agree with Gilmour; while September 11 showed that personal media could be an important infotransmission tool, July 2004 showed that it's overrated, and that we still need professionals.
www.kitchengeek.com -- Nosh for
I studied Journalism in college, and I don't recall a single instance where we were taught to consider an audience with more education and experience than the reporter. Matter of fact, everything seemed to boil down to taking a complicated story and making it understandable by the average reader. It wasn't purposely arrogant, but you can imagine how the result would parallel condescension.
That methodology worked better when I studied (in the 80's), but today's plastic surgery-riddled TV boneheads don't have a clue.
None of us is as dumb as all of us.
"It's a wonderful idea. But it doesn't work." -- Tad Danielewski
More importantly, with a professional news organization, I know who I am dealing with. Too many online entries -- from blog postings to product reviews -- are not authenticated. I know who the editor is of my local newspaper and I know the corporation and politics of the company who owns the newspaper. I'll take that over Joe Schmoe because I don't know which axe he's grinding.
As long as opinion is not the dominating factor of the news item.
All of the big media conglomerates seem to have an agenda to obtain/maintain viewership.
Some go for a demographic (ie. - conservative or liberal). Some go for the sensational (Horrible tragedy narrowly averted by patriotic quadriplegic albinos).
For those willing to sift through the personal biases, having a large source of new items is good to discern the actual facts more easily.
Like the story a ways back on the eBay scammer who was also discovered to be fraudulently claiming death benefits (donations).
"The Charge Of The Blog Brigade"
(with apologies to Alfred, Lord Tennyson)
Theirs not to wonder why
Theirs but to blog and die
Into the valley of hype rode the six hundred.
Boredom to the right of them,
Boredom to the left of them,
Boredom in the front of them,
Into the valley of hype rode the six hundred (bloggers).
Back to actual commentary: Of course the bloggers at the convention said nothing of consequence. Nothing of consequence happened at the convention. It never does. Nothing will happen at the Republican Convention either.
Conventions used to be about deciding who your candidate was going to be, and what your platform was. But these days, we know who the candidate will be before the convention starts, and the "platforms" are designed to sound as good as possible without actually saying much that is concrete.
The result is that conventions generate no actual news. What, Kerry was nominated? Really??? Wow, that's really news!
So I'm not sure that the Democratic Convention is a good proof that blogs don't really cut it as the new news media. If there's no news, the professional evening news doesn't say much either.
I'm curious about the implications of bloggers being considered journalists. They're getting some press passes, e.g., to the Democratic National Convention, and the better ones have some readership. However, are they then subject to the same legal issues that more traditional media have to deal with? If a blogger gets something wrong, could they be slapped with a libel suit? What about invasion of privacy for writing about people they know who are not public figures?
Oh yeah, you mean the fact that the media and Hollywood and virtually all forms of mainstream communication are all very liberal biased? Oh, no? Then maybe I'll RTFA.
Is professional training all it takes to get your respect?
I find that most professional news organizations (in my country, the USA) are trying to do whatever they can to push their agendas while also insinuating that they are impartial. It's downright duplicitous, and whats worse is that there are people who believe that their facts are totally true.
Most of the time you don't see this kind of thing in blogs, and I think the fact that the writers aren't professional journalists, and therefore aren't trained in the subtle art of fact-misdirection is one reason why. But you're right about the unverified stuff. There's no telling what you're getting with a blog.
I'd trust the average blog about as much as the average professional news agency, but for different reasons. In either case, a particular instance would have to earn my respect before I'd believe them above other sources.
Mod me down and I will become more powerful than you can possibly imagine!
The problem with the media is too much bias. The "news-as-entertainment" problem still ranks high on my list, but it's the outright political bias that drives me nuts the most.
I am not a conservative, nor am I a Republican. But I can still see the bias in the media. The mainstream news in particular has a distinct Democrat/liberal bent. This is hard to see if you're a Democrat/liberal, and you'll probably vehemently deny it exists, but if you're not a liberal or Democrat, you can plainly see it.
Heck, even a lot of liberal Greens can see it, just because the blackout of any news on Nader and the Green Party. That party decided the 2000 election, but the media acts as if it were irrelevant to the 2004 campaign coverage.
When I mean bias, I don't mean obvious blatant bias that any numbskull can see. I mean a subtle bias in the stories presented, adjectives used, body language by anchors, etc. But sometimes that bias is obvious, as when the media was having orgasms over the Clark candidacy last year. That last what, all of two weeks?
Here's a subtle bias as an example. Mrs. Kerry is a millionaire. Mr. Cheney is a millionaire. Both once had strong corporate ties, but no longer do. Yet which one will the media portray as having a corporate war chest? Which one is more often mentioned being a millionaire? Which one is more often mentioned as having corporate ties?
I am not claiming that this bias is intentional. But with 90% (IIRC) of news reporters registered Democrat, they've constructed themselves a world isolated from the real one. While the owners of the media tend to be Republican, those that actually report the news are not. If you ran across a news outlet that consisted of 90% Republican (or Libertarian or Green) reporters, you would expect those skewed numbers to produce a strong bias. So why don't you expect the same when the news outlets are all 90% Democrat?
Don't blame me, I didn't vote for either of them!
McLuhan was discussing the communication process. He's not really talking about the message, he's talking about people. It's exaggerated for sensationalism to elict a response. The way you dispute the statement is a perfect example of what he was talking about.
There is no such thing as an abstract message. There can be no message without a medium. It doesn't matter what I say or type, what is actually communicated is what you perceive. And your perception is based on the medium used to transmit the message. Another reply above talks about a a presidential debate (It was Kennedy vs. Nixon, 26 September 1960) which is the perfect example. Those who watched the debates received a different message than those who listened.
To draw another parallel, from slashdot: If this response had been riddled with spelling errors, missing punctuation, bad grammer, etc. then how the readers would have perceived me (the sender) would affect how they interpretted my message.
And in communication, that's really what's important: Not what I say, but what you hear.
IAAJ. I do features. I speak some Arabic, and another European language, get on well with most kinds of people, have an ability to live with uncertainty, and am getting used to judging when a situation becomes hairy. I've won a couple of awards in the US.
How has blogging changed my life? Not one iota. Most information I still get face to face, or on the phone. Many of my sources are computer illiterate. If you want to know where the bodies are buried, go there. You never forget the smell. The one good thing I can say about the technical revolution is that I can post stories unedited on my own website, taking up as much space as I like.
Journalists go to schools?
Imagine the courses!
JRN 100 The Five W's: George W. Bush Stinks, George W. Bush has Cooties, George W. Bush is Mean, George W. Bush is Dumb, and George W. Bush is a Blue Meanie Dumb Cootie.
JRN 200 Casting Aspersions: Learn which adjectives to use when describing the idiotic George W. Bush and the brave genius patriots who correctly despise him.
JRN 250 Rumors - Gateways to Truth: A newspaper is nothing without rumors. Learn to tell whoppers and fool people for fun and profit.
JRN 300 Context is Your Enemy: Students will understand which facts to leave out of stories and how to present events out of order. This is a writing-intensive course.
JRN 350 The Dreaded Tech Beat: Learn to cope with things you do not understand at all by making your writing buzzword-compliant.
JRN 400 Sports - Journalism's Crowning Achievement: Hype and fluff are the indespensible tools of the Sports Reporter. Students will learn to use a thesaurus to seem intelligent when discussing trivia about games.
JRN 450 Science Sucks Ass (course prerequisite JRN 350): In this advanced course students will learn to misquote scientists, construct non sequitur arguments, miss the point, and bring their own prejudices to their stories.
JRN 500 (Capstone) Bias: Students will wear shoes with different thickness soles to learn about slanting. Course ends with field trip to cattle ranch to watch real B.S. being made.
Since when are writers "trained"? Don't you mean "talented" or "intelligent"? You can't train someone to be a good writer, anymore than you can train someone to be a good artist.
I, for one, welcome our new Antichrist overlord.
I have started to read the book aloud. If you are interested in listening and/or participating please see my weblog entry.
Niall Kennedy has started a project to convert to book into an audio book like AKMA did with Lessig's Free Culture. Unfortunately, AKM Adam is a Ph.D., Rev., and author. Niall Kennedy is a junior at UC Davis. AKMA was about to get some high profile people from the blogsphere to record chapters including Dave Winer and Doug Kaye. Niall Kennedy has to date, only recorded the intro himself. Who knows, maybe Niall's project will grow legs and evolve into something like free-culture.org.
One of the papers cited in the book is "Coase's Penguin, or Linux and the Nature of the Firm" might be interesting to /.'ers...
available here:
http://www.yale.edu/yalelj/112/BenklerWEB.pdf
Abstract:
or decades our understanding of economic production has been that individuals order their productive activities in one of two ways: either as employees in firms, following the directions of managers, or as individuals in markets, following price signals. This dichotomy was first identified in the early work of Nobel laureate Ronald Coase, and was developed most explicitly in the work of neo-institutional economist Oliver Williamson. In the past three or four years, public attention has focused on a fifteen-year-old social-economic phenomenon in the software development world. This phenomenon, called free software or open source software, involves thousands or even tens of thousands of programmers contributing to large and small scale project, where the central organizing principle is that the software remains free of most constraints on copying and use common to proprietary materials. No one "owns" the software in the traditional sense of being able to command how it is used or developed, or to control its disposition. The result is the emergence of a vibrant, innovative and productive collaboration, whose participants are not organized in firms and do not choose their projects in response to price signals.
In this paper I explain that while free software is highly visible, it is in fact only one example of a much broader social-economic phenomenon. I suggest that we are seeing is the broad and deep emergence of a new, third mode of production in the digitally networked environment. I call this mode "commons-based peer-production," to distinguish it from the property- and contract-based models of firms and markets. Its central characteristic is that groups of individuals successfully collaborate on large-scale projects following a diverse cluster of motivational drives and social signals, rather than either market prices or managerial commands.
The paper also explains why this mode has systematic advantages over markets and managerial hierarchies when the object of production is information or culture, and where the capital investment necessary for production-computers and communications capabilities-is widely distributed instead of concentrated. In particular, this mode of production is better than firms and markets for two reasons. First, it is better at identifying and assigning human capital to information and cultural production processes. In this regard, peer-production has an advantage in what I call "information opportunity cost." That is, it loses less information about who the best person for a given job might be than do either of the other two organizational modes. Second, there are substantial increasing returns to allow very larger clusters of potential contributors to interact with very large clusters of information resources in search of new projects and collaboration enterprises. Removing property and contract as the organizing principles of collaboration substantially reduces transaction costs involved in allowing these large clusters of potential contributors to review and select which resources to work on, for which projects, and with which collaborators. This results in allocation gains, that increase more than proportionately with the increase in the number of individuals and resources that are part of the system. The article concludes with an overview of how these models use a variety of technological and social strategies to overcome the collective action problems usually solved in managerial and market-based systems by property and contract.
http://www.benkler.org/
http://www.benkler.org/CoasesPenguin.html
It strikes me that they don't want people making a profit from selling the book. If you priced it at $15.97 + S&H, the CafePress rate for a 299 page book in the "perfect bound" format (which is the one you'd want to use) then you'd be fine. CafePress would be making a profit, just as your ISP makes a profit for your download server, the CD pressing company makes a profit for the distro CDs you press, etc. Now, if CafePress decided to sell them on their own behalf, they'd probably have to offer them at a lower rate.
WARNING: there is a trojan on your
It is "real fact".
"Oh, and admit with BS like this"
It's not BS.
"you're making the point that most of the Internet "information" is crap,
He wasn't making that point.
"totally killing your argument"
Not at all.
You're full of shit. Next time, think before you spout your shit.
The elite media and the top government officials and the corporations DECIDE for us what is on the table for the political debate, and what is NOT on the table. They decide what the definitions of "Liberal" and "conservative" are. Not surprisingly, CorpGovMedia have decided that the Left vs Right, conservative vs democratic debate is going to be on social issues. Most of the economic issues are either off the table, or are limited in scope.
THe social issues are gays, guns, abortion, religion, etc. The media IS liberal on the social issues.
The economics issues are fair trade, progressive taxes, monopolistic business practices, and immigration. The media (and CorpGovMedia itself) is quite conservative economically. Not a big surprise, seeing as how the elite media is owned and operated by large corporations and the wealthy and upper-income earners. And when I say "conservative", I mean the media is in favor of policies that tend to favor the wealthy and the corporations. For example, on trade, the media favors "free trade", meaning policies that disempower the average person, and lower his wages. Also, the media favors immigration, which is increases corporate profits and decreases American wages. THe media is in favor of regressive taxation (likes flat tax rates, and user and sales taxes). The media is also in favor of war, in general. And so forth....
For more info on this subject, read the websites for bestselling authors Thomas Frank (see the online essays) and Noam Chomsky several books and essays online here).
eat shiat and bark at the moon
Bullshit!
Everyone in the media loves higher taxes, loves Democrats' hypocritical and lying talk of "fiscal responsibility" and never calls them to account for talking about saving money and then wanting to throw out hundreds of billions (and possibly trillions) on wasteful programs like socialized health care.
I am opposed to so-called free trade and want less immigration, does that mean I'm going to vote for Bunny Suit Kerry? Hardly!
I used to read the San Jose Murky News and Dan Gillmor's column.
On any business issue, he generally comes down on the side of some idealist vision of 'fairness', and supports a gov-force solution to the problem.
In short, Gilmor is generally a socialist in his outlook.
His tech insights aren't much better, IMHO.
Lew
"The Constitution, the WHOLE Constitution, and nothing but the CONSTITUTION."
I'm pissed that the media isn't reporting objectively. Of course, if they did report objectively, they wouldn't be parroting the Chomsky line. I want objectivity, not just another opinion. For example, to report flat or sales taxes as "regressive" would be anything but objective.
I am not saying your biases are invalid, just that I don't want them, or any other biases, in my news coverage. For example, when the WTO meets, the reporting should be more than a mere "the WTO met today, now on to sports". But neither should it be "the WTO is evil and here's why..."
Don't blame me, I didn't vote for either of them!
here