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Why Apple Failed in the 90s

An anonymous reader writes "With news of amazing sales figures for both Mac hardware and the iPod, the future for Apple looks bright. But it wasn't always that way. The 90s were a bad time for the company, and Roughlydrafted.com has a look at Apple's failures of the previous decade." From the article: "During the development of Mac OS X, Apple polished the existing classic Mac OS, and salvaged what it could of Copland developments. Apple modernized its existing Mac APIs into Carbon, which would run software in Mac OS 9, and later allow it to run natively in Mac OS X. Despite fixing the obvious flaws in Apple's operating system offering, Mac OS X did not in itself solve Apple's problem. The company now only had an improved platform that nobody had any reason to buy. The real solution to Apple's problem was stumbled onto by a fortunate accident. "

369 comments

  1. I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

    ...'cause I can't see anything new or unknown in TFA.

    ---

    Emulated sig. Pat. no. 98739174014532

    1. Re:I must be blind... by God+of+Lemmings · · Score: 5, Informative

      Me too!

      The wikipedia page is more informative than this article...
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computer

      Which after reading it, provides better insight than the article....

      --
      Non sequitur: Your facts are uncoordinated.
    2. Re:I must be blind... by ccarson · · Score: 2, Funny

      Ok, I have to say this and I don't care how I get modded. Sometimes you just need to say what's obvious to you.

      I've been reading Slashdot for years and years. No one really talks about it but this site has an obvious agenda which is anti-Micro$oft. Do I care? No. Is it a big deal? No. I'll continue to read this site like I have for years because they cover great things in the technology industry but don't even tell me that this isn't true. It's so blatant to me.

      "Why Apple Failed in the 90s"
      "Microsoft's new beta software reviewed as 'terrible'"
      "The Ugandan government is adopting Linunx"


      Let the flaming begin!

    3. Re:I must be blind... by WiFiBro · · Score: 5, Funny

      Oh no! I'm shocked! Nobody every mentioned that ever in all the years Slashdot exists in any article.
      Do the admins know? Somebody should tell them!

    4. Re:I must be blind... by jbolden · · Score: 1

      /. has always been a Linux site, and fairly openly. The Linux crowd partially moved over to OSX and so the site became more supportive. What exactly is the great insight here.

    5. Re:I must be blind... by ccarson · · Score: 1

      There's no great insight just an observation. I just don't understand why the site has to be so cheerleader'isk. Why can't they report the facts without the jabs?

    6. Re:I must be blind... by ccarson · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      You prove my point. Your sarcasm indicates you agree:

      Oh no! I'm shocked!

      All I'm asking is why this has to be? Like I said earlier, I don't really care but why all the negativity?

    7. Re:I must be blind... by commodoresloat · · Score: 3, Funny

      yes, but that's easily fixed with a few changes to the wikipedia page!

    8. Re:I must be blind... by VGPowerlord · · Score: 1

      I think we should call the process of changing reality this way "wikiality." ...what do you mean Stephan Colbert already coined that term?

      --
      GLaDOS for President 2016! "Well here we are again. It's always such a pleasure." -- GLaDOS, 2011
    9. Re:I must be blind... by Warlock7 · · Score: 1

      If you need to ask why, then you obviously haven't been paying attention to what you've been reading here and everywhere else.

    10. Re:I must be blind... by Jesus_666 · · Score: 1

      But is has less awful photoshops. I particularly disliked the ones with Apple execs as ugly snowmen, although the ubiquitous flame effect made every single one about as pleasant as a self-inflicted shotgun blast to the crotch.

      Amazingly, TFA manages to be even more unprofessional than a Slashdot discussion about Microsoft.

      --
      USE HOT GRITS WITH STATUE OF NATALIE PORTMAN (NAKED AND PETRIFIED)
    11. Re:I must be blind... by daviddennis · · Score: 5, Insightful

      People who hate Microsoft founded the site, and still control it.

      I would say that a very high percentage of people who love computers, as opposed to simply making a living off them, hate Microsoft.

      For many of us, Microsoft's invasion of pretty much everything we held dear made computing a gray, unlovable world whose primary feature was continuous crashes.

      Windows 2000 came close to fixing the crashes, and Windows XP was less gray and grim than previous versions. Just as Microsoft started to look almost tolerable, an explosion of malware came, creating waves of horrible problems that required you to become a security expert just to run a PC.

      At the same time, open source software, whether free as in liberty or beer, gave us new hope for an alternative that wasn't priced out of the market by the soulless commodity PC. It co-opted the commodity pricing but added an interface we're familiar with and like.

      At the same time, it was still a commodity PC, a product that was slapped together by the cheaper-is-better brigade. It's great to save money, not so great to be saddled with hardware that scrapes our knuckles every time we added RAM.

      So Apple came on the scene. Want a system that works at base like Linux, but has style and flair and beautiful fonts? Want something more modern than that awful X-Windows, that wasn't even that great when it was founded 30 years ago? Want some cool ways to get reative with photos, music and video?

      Well, then, Apple's stuff was made for you.

      Apple has created an interesting split among us. Those of us who like using our computers instead of tinkering with them, and who have some disposable income, love Apple. Those who think the principle of open source is better than having things work out of the box, or who don't have the extra bucks, love Linux. Sometimes we'll have fights, sometimes bitter ones, but in the end we're really cut out of the same cloth.

      (Have you ever noticed the bitterest fights often come from people who are almost the same? But that's a question for another day.)

      I hope that has explained something of the reason for Microsoft hatred, and why Slashdot covers the stories it does, the way it does.

      D

    12. Re:I must be blind... by unother · · Score: 1, Informative

      Im in agreement here. But really, Im just having issues with this RoughlyDrafted kid getting linked to two-three times a week. It seems to me like an attempt to maneuver eyeballs for click-throughs...

      Cynical? Well sure, but my real point is that the information this person has used in their several articles:

      1. ...isnt that compelling (i.e. he is obviously a young Mac-Fan).
      2. ...isnt that accurate (i.e. the devil is in the details and he gets those wrong in places).

      In sum, these articles are more screeds than accurate research.

      Disclaimer: I am a Macintosh user of 15 years standing. Having "lived" a lot of the history reported on that blog, I feel qualified to speak on this...
    13. Re:I must be blind... by Udo+Schmitz · · Score: 1
      this site has an obvious agenda which is anti-Micro$oft

      "Why Apple Failed in the 90s"

      I could try to follow your way of thinking now ... but I fear my brain could explode.

    14. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful
      (Sorry, have to respond anonymously since I moded you insightful; just a couple comments):

      Want something more modern than that awful X-Windows, that wasn't even that great when it was founded 30 years ago?
      Apart from the fact that X11 is not quite 30 years old (From the appropriate Wikipedia article: X originated at MIT in 1984. The current protocol version, X11, appeared in September 1987., I think this comment is slightly unfair. Even if XWindows is clumsy in some aspects and can be a hog on a network, you really need to consider the context. It isn't an architecture, which is totally owned and controlled by a single manufacturer. It needed to serve a diverse variety of platforms, which weren't owned and controlled by a single vendor. And I'd wager that it does that pretty well.
      Those of us who like using our computers instead of tinkering with them, and who have some disposable income, love Apple.
      For those that love a rock solid foundation, without spending 6 month to get everything right on a laptop (and yes, I know the pain) there's Ubuntu. Granted, the Gnome interface isn't quite as slick as OSX on my sweeties Powerbook (which you have to claw from her cold, dead fingers; if you ever want to supply her with a different computer), but in essence it does exactly what you expect: It is an OS, which essentially just bloody works. Sure, you may have to apt-get an ATI package, to get the screen to resolve appropriately and it's probably not your first choice if you don't know and don't want to know anything about operating systems. Else then that and in terms of usabilty (save for the really slick design of the OSX UI) it does exactly that.
    15. Re:I must be blind... by daviddennis · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I sort of speak from a mid-90s perspective here, when I was using SGI computers because I just couldn't take how ugly X-Windows on Linux looked. SGI's sense of aesthetics was class-leading until Steve Jobs unveiled MacOS X. No matter what else you may say about Steve, his mastery of computing aesthetics has been absolutely unsurpassed in our largely beauty-deprived industry.

      The mid-90s were where I founded a lot of my deepest views about computing, and this is an intersting problem for Microsoft. I would never buy an American car beause I hate the way US automakers made inferior junk in the 70s, and don't trust them. I can say the same thing about Microsoft; however much their OS may have improved, I still remember how horrible it was back then, and fear that if I use it it will once again leave me bitterly disappointed as it has in the past. (Even the machine I use to test my work on Windows makes me think this is still all too true).

      I have a comparable problem with Linux; I love my MacOS X products, they serve me exceptionally well, so there is little point in trying something new, especially if it's still at least somewhat inferior. (Having to apt-get display drivers is a bit of a clue that this is still the case.)

      In the 90s, where SGI was too expensive, Windows too crashy and Linux too raw, I was ready for something new. That opening seems to have pretty much closed for me today since I'm so happy with where I am, and - amazingly enough! - my chosen side has even been gaining considerable market momentum..

      D

    16. Re:I must be blind... by Gulthek · · Score: 1

      Of course your point is proved. Slashdot has always been "Linux Rules!"

      If you think that promoting a deserved underdog operating system and highlighting the glaring flaws of Windows counts as "negativity" then our definitions of that word differ.

    17. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The real thing getting in Apple's way in the 1990s was the exploding population of elephants. Did you know that the population of African elephants has trippled in the last 10 years?

    18. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Even with my masses of disposable income I still prefer Linux. Money doesn't always determine everything.

    19. Re:I must be blind... by plopez · · Score: 1

      I just don't understand why the site has to be so cheerleader'isk

      To turn the question on it's head, there's probably a metric butt load of 'we discuss the latest neatest best ever thing from [Microsoft|Dell|HP|]'; why can't there be a site of the rest of us?

      --
      putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    20. Re:I must be blind... by Neil+Hodges · · Score: 1
      I sort of speak from a mid-90s perspective here, when I was using SGI computers because I just couldn't take how ugly X-Windows on Linux looked.

      You weren't using X, you were most likely using CDE, which I also consider to be ugly.

      Have you seen what's been done since then? Look up "Compiz" or "KDE", or just take a look at a screenshot of the KDE (minus Beryl due my having gotten it later) I run: http://www.kenji-miyamoto.com/hosting/Screenshot-C lean.png. The interface has never been X, only the basic graphic primitive: the interface used to be TWM, or CDE, but is now controlled by GNOME, KDE, XFce, and Enlightenment. Things have changed.

      Mac OS X doesn't even have the lead when it comes to eyecandy anymore, thanks to Novell's Compiz or Quinn Storm's Beryl; they've added an innumerable amount of features to the experience, just look up some screenshots of it on Google Images.

    21. Re:I must be blind... by jbolden · · Score: 2, Informative

      Your sentence isn't written using a latin alphabet it was written in English.

      The above is essentially what you said.
      X is a windowing protocol
      TWM, Enlightenment... are Window Managers

      Gnone, KDE are GUIS.

      KDE for example used KWin as a window manager on top of X.
      Wikipedia entry for more details .

    22. Re:I must be blind... by morgan_greywolf · · Score: 3, Interesting
      I sort of speak from a mid-90s perspective here, when I was using SGI computers because I just couldn't take how ugly X-Windows on Linux looked.


      You weren't using X, you were most likely using CDE, which I also consider to be ugly.


      No, he wasn't. He was using IRIX's proprietary desktop, which had nothing to do with CDE. The IRIX desktop was lightyears ahead of anything else coming out of the *nix camp at the time. Nice object-oriented file manager, excellent support for audio, video and 3D graphics and even its own widget toolkit.

      And to say that you weren't using X, you were using CDE, is as silly as saying that you aren't using X, you're using GNOME.

    23. Re:I must be blind... by squiggleslash · · Score: 1

      The article's not even finished. The fragment quoted above is the end of the article, as posted, not the beginning.

      Why the hell was this put on Slashdot's front page?

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    24. Re:I must be blind... by log0n · · Score: 1

      ohhh irix.. teh seksi!! Yep - I'm basically guilty of the same thing as the previous poster.

    25. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Open source" softwares been around since forever, even before properitary softwares. Don't talk like open source is a revolution. If it is any revolution, it is a renaissance, not a revolutionary change.

    26. Re:I must be blind... by DECS · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Thanks for calling me a young kid. I've been feeling like an old man for a while now, so that makes me smile.

      I've used Macs since 1984 (although I was just drawing pictures then), and before that I played on the Vic20, Apple II's, the ST, the Amiga, an Apple IIGS.

      I've managed million dolllar IT budgets for Microsoft enraptured dotcoms as they went under, and I followed NeXT while they whimpered out into irrelevance.

      I was a developer through the move to Rhapsody and Mac OS X, and I'm a bit happy to see somebody with vision and a pulse injecting a challenge into the waters of IT.

      Apple has also pushed POSIX (the same Linux/UNIX platform) into the mainstream, and helped Linux to challenge the NT monoculture.

      So fogive me if I bubble enthusiastically about seeing a product I like be popularized by a fascinating company with interesting personalities and class and charm.

      Also, if you are going to blow stink about my "inaccuracies," please lay them out instead of just making unfounded bullshit claims. I think you really are just bitter because you have nothing really interesting to say.

      And for what its worth, I've written well over a hundred articles this year, and three have been posted to Slashdot in my lifetime. EVER. THREE EVER. So don't rain on my parade just because you have nothing to contribute to the world but your worthless trolling.

    27. Re:I must be blind... by daviddennis · · Score: 1

      CDE, Enlightenment and all those other environments run under X. X is the fundemental source of the problem, since from what I understand it's a horrible pain to write for.

      I checked out your screen shot and it has one thing that makes me dislike it. It looks remarkably similar to Windows. KDE's interface waas in fact based on Windows, and although that makes it familiar to a lot of people, they also make me think that if I really wanted Windows, well I would use the real thing.

      At least you will never confuse an Apple screen with a Windows screen, and - and this is very important - it's still very well designed.

      D

    28. Re:I must be blind... by linguae · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There is much more to a nice interface than eye candy. Aqua is more about usability than it is about eye candy. All of the features of OS X, from the dialog sheets for opening and saving files, to Expose, to fast user switching, to Spaces and Time Machine in the Leopard demo, have a wonderful way of integrating eye candy with usability to create the ultimate user interface.

      I was a longtime KDE user on FreeBSD before buying a Mac a few months ago. KDE is a very great desktop environment. However, I feel that its default themes and artwork are created by programmers who want eye candy for the sake of having eye candy instead of seasoned graphics artists and designers who know all of the theories and practices behind graphic communication with user interfaces. Look at the fonts and icon sizes of a typical KDE desktop, for example. Look at that of a OS X desktop, and compare. I'm not saying that KDE is a bad desktop (it's a very great desktop); I'm just saying that some more polish is needed for their themes. Eye candy for the sake of having eye candy hurts my eyes. Eye candy with a regard for graphic communication and UI makes for a very pleasing computing experience.

    29. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I didn't bother reading this entire article however, I believe Apple failed in the 1990s due to a 1) lack of interesting software for most consumers (e.g games). 2) expensive computers above the price of most PCs. 3) Both of those are the result of apples monopoly on the operating system, hence in the 11th hour realization of the mid-90s to allow the production of Apple Clones (eg. Powercomputering, anyone remember?) Then came the return of the God (Jobs) in the late 90s, who trimmed down apple computer from the expensive overweight computers (7600,8600, etc) back to the original philosophy of Jobs--- humanitarian computers which will allow the common man to revolt against the unjust "big blue" empire of military and buisness that dominated computing in the 70s and 80s. 10 years away from the event, it is difficult to pin point causes with limited information available, but apple failed since most consumers of the 90s, saw apple as that wierd marginal kid in the class room who never wanted to share, and was impossible to talk to or immitate since it had a stubborn visionary GOD in it's past.

    30. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Just as Microsoft started to look almost tolerable, an explosion of malware came, creating waves of horrible problems that required you to become a security expert just to run a PC."

      Being able to download and run one program qualifies me as a security expert? Wow!

    31. Re:I must be blind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      newb

    32. Re:I must be blind... by MsGeek · · Score: 1

      No, Apple failed in the 90s for one reason, in two words: Michael Spindler. If Spindler hadn't been replaced, there would be no iMac, iPod, iBook, MacBook etc. etc. We'd be using MP3 players from Creative Labs and plugging them in via parallel port or SCSI or Cardbus on our beige boxes. Running Windows 98SE version 9.9 or something. Spindler's vision was pasting a Power PC chip into an old LC475 motherboard and thunking four times every time data moved through the anemic bus. Just to be cheap. Garbage, sheer garbage.

      Gil Amelio had Apple out of its rut and on its way back. Then he brought The Steve back in, and even though it meant his job was toast, in that moment he saved Apple.

      Gotta give Amelio 'nuff respect because he doesn't get much. He was the unsung hero in the story of the revival of Apple. The Steve inspired the real audacious moves like the iMac and iBook, but the momentum from a near-stall? Amelio.

      --
      Knowledge is power. Knowledge shared is power multiplied.
    33. Re:I must be blind... by Nanpa · · Score: 0

      Well, Linux has its serious faults, as does Windows. But when was the last time we heard one of those stories?

    34. Re:I must be blind... by soft_guy · · Score: 1

      All I'm asking is why this has to be? Like I said earlier, I don't really care but why all the negativity?

      It isn't that Slashdot has an anti-Microsoft bias - reality has an anti-Microsoft bias.

      --
      Avoid Missing Ball for High Score
    35. Re:I must be blind... by daviddennis · · Score: 1

      Let me just say that every single computer I have seen owned by someone not actually involved in the computing industry in some capacity is riddled with spyware and/or virii.

      Generally, the anti-* software is not updated, it is not run periodically because the computers are not kept on 24/7, and problems are allowed to fester until the only solution is to reformat the drive or buy a new computer.

      If anti-malware software actually worked, the malware companies will go out of business. I don't think I need to tell you what's actually happening.

      These things may seem simple to you, but you are a genuine security expert compared to the person on the street who has a computer. I hate to sound condescending to the average Joe, because the public is often more intelligent than they are given credit for, but in the case of protecting their computer, they're dumb as rocks.

      D

    36. Re:I must be blind... by daviddennis · · Score: 1

      They don't love Windows.

      They love games.

      What's wrong with a game console for those people? Gaming consoles cost about as much as a high-end graphics card and my impression is that they still work better than most PCs.

      D

  2. The real solution by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1
    The real solution to Apple's problem was stumbled onto by a fortunate accident.

    Any bets on what the fortunate accident was?

    1. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Because this guy hadn't joined the company yet?

      (I kid, I kid, Apple's real success came after JCR left)

    2. Re:The real solution by LordNightwalker · · Score: 5, Funny

      Any bets on what the fortunate accident was?

      Exactly what I was thinking... After reading the quote from the article, I read the actual article in its long winded and boring entirety to find out what the answer to the question is (my guess is the iPod), turns out anonymous fuckface quoted the very fucking last paragraph of the article, getting us all curious for nothing...

      Thanks a bundle, asshat, I just wasted 5 minutes of my life thanks to you!

      --
      Install windows on my workstation? You crazy? Got any idea how much I paid for the damn thing?
    3. Re:The real solution by StarfishOne · · Score: 1

      I really hope we are allowed to learn more about this 'fortunate accident' later. Personally I don't like this kind of open-ended stuff much either. The "Coming up next: Why Apple Bounced Back" title however, surely hints at that there will be a follow-up with the answer.

    4. Re:The real solution by Gregory+Cox · · Score: 5, Funny

      One day while sending an e-mail, Steve Jobs accidentally hit the "i" key before typing Mac.

      --
      If you all Google Slashdot, will it Slashdot Google?
    5. Re:The real solution by jellomizer · · Score: 4, Interesting

      My best guess would be the iMac. With Colored Cases, and it all in one design, the G3 Processor (which at the time had good performance). What it did was offered something that was missing in the market. It made a computer that looked presentable in peoples homes. Before Computers Were limited to bedrooms, the basement or the spare room. the iMac made them cute enough as well smell enough to fit in the kitchen, living room, or different locations. As well its all in one design allowed it to be easily moved from room to room. So it could be in all these rooms, when it was handy. Secondly they were Cute, Which attracted the Female market, before the iMac the Female market Computer (Sexist or not, I have heard from most Woman when they see the iMac they called them cute and wanted one). So it really opened the market.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    6. Re:The real solution by suv4x4 · · Score: 5, Informative

      Any bets on what the fortunate accident was?

      That's just a lame cliffhanger so you go back and click his ads some more.

      the fortunate accidents were:

      - Steve Jobs coming back
      - them hiring Johnathan Ive (iPod, iMac designer)

      Them conspiring to make Apple a more branded, more complete experience, and hype it up, using their assets (OSX with a shiny interface, loyal designer crowd following them, the MS/Adobe/Macromedia software packs).

    7. Re:The real solution by nine-times · · Score: 1

      The iMac wasn't an accident, though.

    8. Re:The real solution by MojoStan · · Score: 3, Interesting
      My best guess would be the iMac. With Colored Cases, and it all in one design...

      I also think it's the iMac, but why was it an "accident?" Was it because it was initially designed to be Apple's version of Larry Ellison's lamebrain "$500 network computer" idea? I'm not sure if that rumor is true.

      For you youngsters, that kook Ellison tried to convince everyone that cheap diskless computers (which couldn't boot without a network connection) would outsell desktop PCs with actual hard disks. Who really needs local storage and applications, anyway?

      The iMac looked like it could have been a "network computer." Did the 'i' in iMac stand for "internet" Mac?

      --
      TO START
      PRESS ANY KEY

      Where's the 'ANY' key? I see Esk, Kitarl, and Pig-Up...

    9. Re:The real solution by Anne+Honime · · Score: 5, Funny

      One day while sending an e-mail, Steve Jobs accidentally hit the "i" key before typing Mac.

      OMG, this demonstrates Jobs is a closet vi fanboy !

    10. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think he is referring to the story behind how Apple bought NeXT, but NeXT in effect took control of Apple. Just like piracy on the high seas. But the accident was in the meeting. Think back to 1997. Every article about Apple insisted on the modifier beleaguered. And while there was some interesting green-blue translucent elements appearing as latches and buttons on the beige boxes still encasing Macintoshes, nothing like the iMac really existed yet. And then the real solution to Apple's problem was stumbled onto by a fortunate accident.

    11. Re:The real solution by Stormwatch · · Score: 1

      Nah... maybe he wanted to write "Mac" in italics, but his keyboard had a defective Command key.

    12. Re:The real solution by MtViewGuy · · Score: 1

      While the early CRT-based iMacs did help Apple, in my opinion it wasn't until the arrival of the second-generation LCD-based iMac that that sales really took off. The dramatically smaller footprint of the second-generation model made it very desirable in homes and dorm rooms where desk space was at a premium.

    13. Re:The real solution by edis · · Score: 1

      > Any bets on what the fortunate accident was?

      conquer mp3 market and expose to plenty of new fans of DIFFERENCE

      --
      Servant of karma
    14. Re:The real solution by TaoPhoenix · · Score: 1

      Now I hear people raving over these "web solutions".

      Me: "Why would you want to use one of those?"
      Uncertain Proponent: "What if you are traveling and you have to get some work done?"
      Me: "My work is on my watch."

      --
      My first Journal Entry ever, in 8 years! http://slashdot.org/journal/365947/aphelion-scifi-fantasy-horror-poetry-webzine
    15. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > OMG, this demonstrates Jobs is a closet vi fanboy !

      Hmmm, so somebody else must be responsible for selling all those eMacs? :)

    16. Re:The real solution by johnpaul191 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      the CRT iMac made big the impact though. 1) LCDs were still very expensive and not as common 2) the iMac was relatively cheap for a Mac. it was not the high performance machine, it was great for schoolwork and internet. the things that most people do on their computers.
      think of all the translucent colored things that came out following the original CRT iMac. it was "cute" as opposed to beige and ugly. i realize the power of that may be lost on people reading /., but to a lot of people it became a piece of art/decoration as much as a tool to to schoolwork. there is definitely a segment of people that feel that "if i HAVE to own a computer, it might as well look nice".
      obviously nice is subjective, but Apple hit it with a lot of people where other companies failed. when the original iMac shipped it was considered a disaster in the making, by techie people, because it lacked a floppy drive. i heard nrrdly fathers argue that exact point to their college bound daughters in computer stores. dropping that dinosaur thinking is what allowed Apple to break out from the 90s slump, while the rest of the industry scrambled to catch up. take that as opinion, but a lot of them came out with "iMac killers". they cared enough to design something specifically to compete with those little gumdrops.

    17. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ive was hired in 1992 (and worked on projects for Apple before that), and did a lot of good design work before Steve came back in 1997. It was no accident that he was at Apple in the late 90's, and his hire was 6+ years before Apple's resurgence.

      It was fortunate that Steve actually started to *use* Ive's designs when he came back as interim CEO.

    18. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe they were trying to type :e Mac.

    19. Re:The real solution by Graymalkin · · Score: 2, Informative
      While the early CRT-based iMacs did help Apple, in my opinion it wasn't until the arrival of the second-generation LCD-based iMac that that sales really took off.


      You would be wrong about that. The G3 iMac sold extremely well during its lifetime. In the four years after its introduction about six million were sold. At the time selling an AiO computer was pretty novel, configuring it out of the box to easily connect to the internet even moreso.
      --
      I'm a loner Dottie, a Rebel.
    20. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your chronology is off. iMac came two years or more before Mac OS X. The article says, "OS X wasn't enough.." It is pretty safe to assume based on that set-up he's referring to something post-OS X.

    21. Re:The real solution by Weedhopper · · Score: 1

      My guess is that the fortunate accident he's referring to is Jean Louis Gassee of Be Inc pricing itself too high and Apple going back to Steve Jobs and NeXT.

    22. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A lot of us who buy designer cases feel that "if I have to own a computer, it might as well look nice." There's also a large share of us modifying our computers to look better. One of the reasons I want to buy an LCD is so that it'll look good with all the other black electronics in my home.

    23. Re:The real solution by mkiwi · · Score: 1
      One interesting accident came across to me when I bought a Power Mac 8600 some many years ago. Inside the case, everything was fairly easy to remove, but there was a real oddity I could not explain about some handles in the case:
      Why were these components made of greenish-blue plastic? I said to myself at the time, "I wonder if they'll make computers out of this," not really thinking it would happen.

      Fast forward to the Original 233MHz iMac. I could not believe that the same material that had been inside my 8600 was now on the skin of an iMac. It looks like Apple was experimenting with new materials long before the new iMac came out. Possibly, Steve got on board, looked at the inside of a Power Mac 9700, and said "Make computers out of this plastic!"

      This is all speculation, of course, but it is interesting to see how Apple incorporated the same material on the exterior of their new flagship product as on the interior of their old.

    24. Re:The real solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ... sorry, which ones are the accidents?

      They all seem pretty deliberate.

    25. Re:The real solution by cthulhu11 · · Score: 1

      The lack of a floppy drive even made it into at least one major comic strip.

  3. they've turned things around since then by macadamia_harold · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Why Apple Failed in the 90s

    Because they had no clear corporate direction and their price/performance sucked an ass?

    (just a guess)

    1. Re:they've turned things around since then by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Because the company slowly filled up with the kind of smug elitists who represented their userbase, replacing the 'skunkworks hackers' who started the Mac. Slowly, everything became 'process' and the company became steeped in political correctness. It became a matter of pride that employees were allowed to bring their dogs to work with them, rather than just common sense. The staff slowly was filled with people for whom fad practices (i.e. "Object Oriented Everything" took precedence over the old 'Get er' Done' mentality that made the Mac great.

    2. Re:they've turned things around since then by ursabear · · Score: 1

      Yes. (I know, your comment appeared to be rhetorical...)

      The only things going for Apple in the 90s were corporate contracts (like Nortel at the time - I programmed on them and supported them), educational contracts, and big-time fans. iApple is definitely a strong improvement over its previous self, and has strong inroads in many arenas. It's good to have choices - build-your-own, Microsoft, big *nix vendors, and boxes that run OSX.

    3. Re:they've turned things around since then by cluckshot · · Score: 4, Informative

      There were reasons Apple went rotten to the core. I know because I have owned and operated many of their computers throughout the years. I would say the most important reason for my exit from using Apple was the concept they had regards software. I had bought the machines to program them for business applications unique to the industry I was in. The shop was small. We didn't have multi-million dollar budgets.

      When we tried to program we ran up against limitations associated with the programming languages available. They were good programming languages but they lacked the adequate documentation for us to make them really effective and useful. We contacted Apple. They bluntly told us that information was proprietary and we should hire Claris Works to write the software. That was it. We were out in the cold. No more Apples for me.

      Microsoft started with the IBM PC. The PC had a fortunate spy incident in which IBM OS basics were stolen before the PC came out. This opened up and allowed thousands of programmers entry into the business. It was this farm of people that Microsoft drew from. Apple had no such farm because it herbacided the crop every time they could. They viewed programmers as weeds.

      Apple is succeding now with IPod etc largely because many many people can play. If they wanted to take out Microsoft, it would be easy. All they have to do is take their basic superiority in graphics and etc and lock the doors open to developers. It will be a short time indeed before MS is on the ropes.

      --
      Never Politically Correct ~ I prefer the facts If you don't like what I say, get a life, or comment yourself.
    4. Re:they've turned things around since then by VGPowerlord · · Score: 1
      lock the doors open to developers

      Shouldn't that be unlock the doors closed to developers?

      However, Microsoft already has massive programmer support, along with a development suite that a number of developers seem to prefer. (Note: I am not one of them.)

      At this point, Apple is fighting an uphill battle to draw in developers.
      --
      GLaDOS for President 2016! "Well here we are again. It's always such a pleasure." -- GLaDOS, 2011
    5. Re:they've turned things around since then by rbanffy · · Score: 1
      The PC had a fortunate spy incident in which IBM OS basics were stolen before the PC came out.

      What?! Can you explain that?

      The 8086 was very similar to the 8085, so it was trivial to translate ASM code that ran on 8085 to 8086 (if not the other way around). MD-DOS was, more or less very similar to CP/M, and porting software was easy.

      There is also IBM's misjudgement that the BIOS alone could stop clone makers, even if the PC was made with off-the-shelf parts. This, and the non-exclusive agreement on MS-DOS between IBM and MS made the clone industry possible.

      So, what spy incident are you talking about?

    6. Re:they've turned things around since then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "All they have to do is take their basic superiority in graphics and etc and lock the doors open to developers. It will be a short time indeed before MS is on the ropes."

      Yeah, cuz everyone knows you can't get good graphics on a pc. And all those millions of poor sad deprived pc programmers are just pining away like sailors' wives waiting for the day they can write some Mac code. Yeah, that's it.

      puh-leez

    7. Re:they've turned things around since then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because they had no clear corporate direction and their price/performance sucked an ass?

      "Down" is a direction.

    8. Re:they've turned things around since then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Bizarre story about Claris. During the non-Jobs era the place was run by a sugar water salesman, after all.

      But the doors are way open now --

      Download XCode, their fantastic development environment, free:

      http://developer.apple.com/

      and tons of resources...

    9. Re:they've turned things around since then by 644bd346996 · · Score: 1

      Interestingly enough, some of NeXT's best sccess stories come from people in situations like you describe.

    10. Re:they've turned things around since then by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Sorry, the Bush Administration re-classified that incident. National security concerns that the terrorists might learn to build their own PCs. :P

      The PC was a cloak-and-dagger operation inside of IBM since it wouldn't fly through the normal engineering channels since the concept of a desktop PC was considered to be a toy. If the corporate engineers weren't sitting on it's collective thumb, the BIOS would've been bolted down more securely and Microsoft tied to an exclusive agreement. It would be an Apple vs. IBM world instead of Apple vs. Microsoft world.

    11. Re:they've turned things around since then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Microsoft started with the IBM PC.

      How do you mean? Microsoft did exist before the PC (1981), they wrote Commodore 64's Basic and other stuff.

      The PC had a fortunate spy incident in which IBM OS basics were stolen before the PC came out.

      Please clarify this "incident". MS-DOS essentials stolen from Microsoft? (PC-DOS/MS-DOS was based on QD-OS -- Quick and Dirty OS -- which in turn was -- highly ironically -- a shady 8086 port of Kildall's Digital Research's CP/M which was another contender for the new PC OS.)

      Or the IBM BIOS reverse engineered? (Which happened and enabled Compaq and friends to bring in the compatibles. But certainly none of this happened before the original PC came out.)

    12. Re:they've turned things around since then by Nicolay77 · · Score: 1

      If what you say about Claris Works is true, then I'm glad they failed.

      I'm sure IBM would have been the same if there were no PC clones. That would have been boring, elitist, unproductive, and we would never had computers at home.

      In that sense, MS was a good thing. Not absolutely the best possible thing, but better than the alternatives.

      --
      We are Turing O-Machines. The Oracle is out there.
    13. Re:they've turned things around since then by jt2377 · · Score: 0

      "However, Microsoft already has massive programmer support, along with a development suite that a number of developers seem to prefer. (Note: I am not one of them.)"

      WTF do you mean? you're better than people who use Visual Studio? what a tard.

    14. Re:they've turned things around since then by calidoscope · · Score: 1
      You've got a better handle on M$'s history than the OP, but you're still a bit off.


      Microsoft started with the Altair 8800 in 1975 - though there have been allegations about dumpster diving for the code (MS Basic is unique enough and ugly enough that this probably isn't the case) and whose computer time was being used to develop BASIC leading to all sorts of speculation about who really owns the copyright to the original MS-Basic.


      QDOS/86-DOS was a reverse engineering of CP/M - Seattle Computer was the outfit that designed the Z-80 card for the Apple II about a year before they started work on their 8086 system on an S-100 bus.


      A frequent (and probably very true) comment about Microsoft is that they got where they are much more by their knowledge of the legal system than by echnical skills.

      --
      A Shadeless room is a brighter room.
    15. Re:they've turned things around since then by Bill+Grates · · Score: 1

      Remember, maybe 1996 trying to get dev tools for mac. Researched what I needed -
      something called Mister C/C++ or something although I cannot be certain I recall
      this correctly.

      Head office of Apple for a city of over 3million people - I ask about
      this product and the representatives I spoke with were completely hostile and
      totally intimidated. The response I got was something along the lines 'this is
      not an off-the-shelf piece of software'. No - I understand this and it was the
      the reason I approached head office.

      These were sales people - I would never expect them to know very much about
      development tools (the reason I researched and could cite the product/s myself)
      and so my questions were framed appropriately to the context ie not technical
      mumbo. I would have been satisfied with merely a product sheet or refferal
      to someone who could inform me about aquiring the product. Hell it was their
      single proprietry Apple dev product and they couldnt even (maybe be bothered)
      to look the thing up on a product/sales database.

      Apple has come along way from this level of incompetance.

    16. Re:they've turned things around since then by rbanffy · · Score: 1

      Sadly, I think it would be a more diverse world.

      I think this x86-only stuff is BORING. I miss the 70s and 80s.

    17. Re:they've turned things around since then by MushMouth · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I don't know what you guys are talking about shitty development support. In 96 I was writing software for the Mac OS 7/8 on a DFA (PPC 6100) using Metrowerks CodeWarrior (I have forgotten what their C++ class library was, but I thought it was nice work with). We had all of the Mac API books (there were about 20 of them priced between $15 to $60, written for the Pascal Programmer but if you knew what you were doing it all worked in C) where all of the internal structures were defined. If you wanted protected memory you put Steve Jasik's "The Debugger" on your machine. Also at this time I was writing stuff for Win32 using MSVC 6, MFC and std API, and writing software for Kodak on Sparcs using GCC with no IDE. At this point I still think CW was the best of the IDE's that I have worked with. This is mostly due to the project leaders doing a fantastic job with class/component design.

    18. Re:they've turned things around since then by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      You've just not been playing in the fun areas, then. The little 8-bitters from the 70's and 80's are still around, and people are still writing programs from them. Mostly in the embedded sphere, but that's cool stuff.

      If you want to peek and poke and have fun with little machines, those still can be had, too. What bores you about the present situation? That kids aren't confined to stunted little 8-bit machines?

    19. Re:they've turned things around since then by Rix · · Score: 1

      Actually, Compaq was responsible for PC clones. They reverse engineered IBM's BIOS, and sold compatible machines. IBM wasn't happy about it at the time, but clean room reverse engineering is perfectly legal.

    20. Re:they've turned things around since then by jandrese · · Score: 1

      The IBM PC wasn't so much "leaked" as it was just well documented and frankly there wasn't much in the OS that you could hide. There wasn't much there at all (this was back in MS DOS and Windows 3.1 days) actually. Apple's OS had a lot more features, and the machine forced you to use them (unlike DOS where you could always just twiddle with the hardware directly if it came down to it), but didn't document many of them. Apple wasn't interested in documenting them either, they considered hackers a threat and not the kind of users they wanted anyway. It didn't occur to Apple that most of those people were just trying to do something that Apple hadn't anticipated, not something nefarious.

      That said, for aspiring young programmers, Hypercard was loads better than GWBasic, and back then you got a full Hypercard development environment with your OS, not the retarded "Hypercard Player".

      --

      I read the internet for the articles.
    21. Re:they've turned things around since then by zoftie · · Score: 1

      Apple has failed at ability to build relationships with large businesses, and completely unable to maintain those that were already in place. They are still unable to do so, which will lead to their demise, unless they alter course. Consumer market is unstable, can be swayed by many things. Business and government markets always bring reliable income, but they have no ability at this time to access those markets. In the least these markets are not very attractive from lifestyle perspective apple puts itself out as.

      Like you have mentioned, they aren't able. And they'll never admit. Because my professor's friend and another friend had real bad dealings with them, on business relationship level. They just "don't get it".

      ipod sells well but it will last only for so long. government and large business contracts is the stable income a company can fall back onto, in harder times. a net that apple does not have.

    22. Re:they've turned things around since then by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      However, Microsoft already has massive programmer support, along with a development suite [wikipedia.org] that a number of developers seem to prefer. (Note: I am not one of them.)

      At this point, Apple is fighting an uphill battle to draw in developers.

      Apple too has programmer support, the ADC, Apple Developer Connection.

      Falcon
    23. Re:they've turned things around since then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Microsoft started with the IBM PC. The PC had a fortunate spy incident in which IBM OS basics were stolen before the PC came out. This opened up and allowed thousands of programmers entry into the business. It was this farm of people that Microsoft drew from."

      WTF?

      There never was any "IBM OS" (unless you count Microsoft-made PC-DOS as such) and PC's BIOS was listed in plain text in technical manual as it should, by IBM's standard practice. Compaq couldn't use that (copyright), but nothing prevented therm of writing their own. Technical manuals were/are so detailed, that even I could build a working PC with that, if somebody made a motherboard for me. It's called 'documentation' and IBM was very pedantic with that. They still are.

    24. Re:they've turned things around since then by GrahamCox · · Score: 1

      They viewed programmers as weeds

      +5 informative? Not even close. As a Mac programmer going back to 1985, I can tell you that Apple's developer support was always absolutely top-notch. They would bend over backwards to help developers of any size to solve their problems. Their developer support packages were always set at reasonable prices - you didn't have to be big to play. If there were bugs in the system APIs, they'd help you develop workarounds or get them fixed. They'd even give you source code under NDA to help you understand how things worked, if that's what it took. In the 80s and early 90s the developer publications were second to none, and were always highly anticipated. Things went a little downhill when the company hit hard times, with cutbacks at DTS as well as everywhere else, and gradually everything became a little more distant and web-based. Show me another major operating system vendor who does a better job though. Apple's developer relations have had their ups and downs and I'm not suggesting they were perfect - but ask an actual Mac developer about it sometime, I don't think you'll find their issues are anything like those you've cited.

      Poor documentation for programming languages? Give me a break. The only Programming languages Apple were even remotely responsible for were Lisa Pascal (which was not much used beyond the mid-80s) and Dylan (which was never used by real developers as far as I know). Otherwise you used C, C++... which were not Apple's responsibility. Maybe you are referring to MPW? Sure, it needed a little figuring out, and its documentation wasn't the best, but then again, it wasn't that hard for someone with a technical bent, and anyway it wasn't the only development solution available for the Mac. There was also Borland's Turbo Pascal for the Mac, which was well-documented enough that I could write functional Mac apps using that documentation alone before I even got hold of Inside Macintosh. On the other hand, if you wanted documentation on the APIs, there was more than plenty. The original 6-volume Inside Macintosh was already thousands of pages when it was replaced by the even more weighty (but substantially better organised) revamped series in the early 90s. What exactly couldn't you find documentation on?

      Sounds to me that your problem was you had an idea for an application but no expertise to develop it. Now that's different, and getting a tepid response from Apple is only to be expected. What you should have done is approach one of the many software houses that could have helped out. However, your post just doesn't ring true. Sounds to me like prejudice dressed up as experience. And as for your conclusion that all Apple have to do is open their doors to developers and MS will crumble - it's laughable. You do know that a) they give away a very high quality development system with every copy of the OS and b) there is more documentation and help available now than ever. Go to apple.com, look at the button bar - see that little "developer" button? Click it. Feast. Then shut the fuck up.

    25. Re:they've turned things around since then by Bill+Grates · · Score: 1


      well my point was never presented as more than anecdotally. in fact i ended up doing
      precisely the same as you by using *other vendors tools*.

      In my case gcc/g++ and a complete GNU suite running in something called MacMint which was
      originally written for atari but which some bright guy modified to dispatch the traps
      calls through to the MacOS rom routines. i could even do gui devel without too much
      difficulty.

    26. Re:they've turned things around since then by Listen+Up · · Score: 1

      The situation you describe with Apple no longer exists. I have been a full-time Java developer for years on OS X and have loved every minute of it. Apple's technical support and online documentation has been top notch and both the included XCode and Eclipse/NetBeans are both top notch as well. I plan to delve into XCode again soon and get my hands wet again with Objective-C and from the looks of it the documentation is excellent. The doors are wide open to developers.

      I see no reason whatsoever to not develop on and for Apple OS X.

      Give development a try again on Apple OS X.

    27. Re:they've turned things around since then by tehcyder · · Score: 1
      If they wanted to take out Microsoft, it would be easy. All they have to do is take their basic superiority in graphics and etc and lock the doors open to developers. It will be a short time indeed before MS is on the ropes.
      And Apple are just holding back from killing off Microsoft out of the goodness of their hearts? I really don't think this is credible.
      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
  4. Apple didn't fail... by bartron · · Score: 4, Insightful
    ...it lost direction. Had it continued on that path then yes, the company would have failed.

    The comuting landscame might well have been different in Apple had made better decisions in the past, but that's life and mistakes are made

    As I type this on my MacBook Pro though I can say for sure that Apple isn't going anywhere soon (I say that becasue this is the first Mac I've owned that has given me no reason to move back to Windows

    1. Re:Apple didn't fail... by bartron · · Score: 2, Informative

      sigh....that will teach me to preview my post first. My Mac is good but somehow didn't fix my bad typing skills....same as it is under Windows.

    2. Re:Apple didn't fail... by WoLpH · · Score: 1

      Read the title again, "Why Apple Failed in the 90s" ... and you are talking about the MacBookPro? Apple _did_ fail in the 90s, they were going for the designers and not the 'normal people', luckily for them they've found out that it doesn't really work like that.

    3. Re:Apple didn't fail... by bartron · · Score: 3, Funny
      Had Apple failed (in the 90's or otherwise) they wouldn't be here now would they?

      Had the title been "Why Apple Almost Failed in the 90s", then it would be a truer reflection of the events

    4. Re:Apple didn't fail... by WoLpH · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Failing isn't always fatal, imho Microsoft failed with Windows too, but that didn't bring them down. Apple failed with bringing there computers to the common people.

    5. Re:Apple didn't fail... by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      As I type this on my MacBook Pro though I can say for sure that Apple isn't going anywhere soon (I say that becasue this is the first Mac I've owned that has given me no reason to move back to Windows

      I've never had or used a Mac that gave me a reason to switch to PCs and Windows, however I'm typing this in Windows which is my fourth PC and they've all made me wish I had bought a Mac instead. Now, because of this and MS's Activation and WGA my next computer WILL be a Mac, I'm just waiting for Apple the release the MacBook Pro with the Merom, Core 2 Duo, CPU. Microsoft's lack of trust and spying on it's users have finally driven me away from Windows.

      Falcon
  5. Mac OS Classic and price by DrXym · · Score: 4, Interesting
    Apples failed in the 90s because Mac OS "Classic" was a polished turd and the cost of Apples was expensive compared to PCs. It's no wonder Apple almost sunk without a trace.

    With OS X and hardware which is merely moderately expensive, they might stand a better chance, but it's hard to see how they'll ever really compete with MS Windows. I guess from Apple's perspective, even if their share rises from 2% to 4%, that is still a 100% increase for them even if it's still insignificant to to a market from a whole.

    1. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by jbolden · · Score: 4, Informative

      ven if their share rises from 2% to 4%,

      Their share has moved from 2% to 6% already gartner You'll need a new line now.

    2. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by mgv · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Their share has moved from 2% to 6% already gartner You'll need a new line now.

      More importantly, their share of laptop sales is 12%, and growing rapidly.

      It will be 18% in 3 months timen (Based on surveys of planned purchases within 3 months, which are alot less likely to change than the 1+ year buyer self assessments of 37%, many of which will actually not buy an apple computer).

      They are rapidly moving to becoming a, if not the, serious choice for the home user. (Lots of those PC sales are to big corporations, for desktops - and Apple is going to struggle to sell corporations that they need iMovie, iTunes or iPhoto, no matter how good they are as apps).

      Combine visible laptops with visible iPods, and alot of consumers are going to be viewing an apple computer as a normal purchase, rather than something obscure and unusual. In fact, if you haven't seen lots of apple laptops around the place, you probably aren't looking around much in the last year or so.

      Anyway, my 2c worth, and its an easy bet because I'm not really saying anything other than extrapolating current market growth.

      Michael

      --
      There is no cryptographic solution to the problem where the intended receiver and the attacker are the same entity.
    3. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by nine-times · · Score: 1
      With OS X and hardware which is merely moderately expensive, they might stand a better chance, but it's hard to see how they'll ever really compete with MS Windows

      Maybe if Microsoft spends 5 years developing a new OS that offers no real benefit to users, but has tons of new painful anti-piracy and DRM?

      Then again, Apple isn't really competing with Microsoft as much as they're competing with Dell. OSX is mostly another feature to sell the hardware.

    4. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by fermion · · Score: 3, Insightful
      It would be my assertion that people would rather buy polished turds than unpolished ones, and would in fact pay a premium. The reality is that in the 90's, just like now, the Mac worked. It worked without EMM hell, without printer hell, and without driver hell. You could hook up a external mass storage drive without hacking the BIOS. You could, and still can, hook up a keyboard to any available port that the cord will fit in, and the keyboard will work.

      What the article, and most analysis, misses, is the profound change in the market. A firm should have a plan to compete with other firms, and should try to anticipate future market trends, but cannot predict, and in fact should not build, massive unpredictable trends into the business. So, when the Lisa was in development, the competition was mostly the IBM PC, which was very expensive. Compaq came in around 82, and shifted the market. However, the compaq was still a very expensive machine, but cheaper than and IBM PC. The Mac was created to compete with the new reality.

      To give some perspective on the time, let's look at a third player: ATT. ATT created a wonderful not unreasonable priced PC. It had the advantage of running Unix, the only really workable OS we had at the time. I used one. It was great. It failed because it did not anticipate the market as well as Apple, and becuase it did not have as polished a GUI as Apple.

      So we are talking hardware here. What about the OS. Well, for most the OS did not matter. People bought computers to run an application or two. The Apple had Excel, just like the Apple had Visicalc. This was one of three things that caused great trouble for Apple. First, when MS Hacked together MS Windows, there was a cheap alternative to Apple. Second, when MS ported Office to MS Windows, the cheap alternative to Apple. Third, the price of the PC went into a sharp decline, and though Apple was still competitive with name brand PCs, the were no longer competitive with the off brand boxes. As a result, significant vertical market began to appear for the PC, often ported from Unix, and the PC became a single vendor solution, despite the fact the major MS FUD was don't buy Apple because it was a single vendor solution.

      So how did the Computer industry respond to this. Well, Compaq began using commodity parts, but because it had to rely on MS for the OS, and because it was a serious company with serious research, it is now gone. The ATT machine was never able to compete, even when prices were high. The general quality of the whole industry declined, and we found ourselves in a situation where nothing worked. Except for the Apple which was an expensive machine.

      This was until MS Windows 95 when most of the MS hacks were fixed. You could hook up a printer without selling your sole. You still have to do color coded keyboard and mouse. But after 10 years, the PC genuinely worked, and the shift to MS dominance was complete. As all articles state, the fact that the Mac had no serious OS through most of the 90's was also a major factor.

      But I would like to state that all the major pricing changed occurred on the hardware side. MS never matched the changes in the price of the OS. This is the problem of the monopoly. Apple has competed hard in quality and price. Intel has competed hard in quality and price. This has given us the wonderful machines we have, and the wonderful OS to run them. OTOH, MS just gathers money, and only occasionally competes. The most annoying thing of all this is that for the most part, outside of few applications, MS Windows does not work well. The major improvements they have made in on the developer side, which is admittedly a good thing to do. But simple things, like account encryption, which would make everyone life easy, is still at least months away.

      And there is still a major problem with the myth of the cheap PC. In almost every establishment, there has been a profound lack of support, which results in the PC not being used effeciently.

      --
      "She's a scientist and a lesbian. She's not going to let it slide." Orphan Black
    5. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Jeff+DeMaagd · · Score: 1

      Sadly, that's US market share. Their worldwide market share barely moved. Which I can understand, cost isn't as important here, go to India or China, cost is everything. Even with the reputed higher maintenance effort needed for Windows systems, labor is definitely cheap enough to cover that.

      They are rapidly moving to becoming a, if not the, serious choice for the home user. (Lots of those PC sales are to big corporations, for desktops - and Apple is going to struggle to sell corporations that they need iMovie, iTunes or iPhoto, no matter how good they are as apps).

      That software isn't a problem. That software can be removed. What might be considered a problem is a webcam in every computer. Some companies don't like that.

      There is also application availability, many corporations need some obscure or custom app that's not available on OS X, and the cost of Parallels and the maintenance hassle of supporting something like that might not be worth it, that sort of arrangement would more than offset the ease of OS X maintenance.

    6. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by MtViewGuy · · Score: 1

      Actually, today's Macintosh hardware isn't so ridiculously expensive anymore unless you're talking the high-end Mac Pro workstations.

      The current iMac models are actually quite a value, especially the 20" model. It may cost a little bit more than a PC-based system, but you get so much standard that there are very few accessories to buy to get you going (maybe except more RAM installed). Small wonder why Apple sells quite a lot of iMacs to home users.

      But what really saved Apple was the huge success of the iPod and the iTunes Music Store.

    7. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by KagakuNinja · · Score: 1

      This cracks me up. Windows NT 3.51 and beyond were considerably better than Mac OS at the time, and there were no problems with memory-management, as was the case with DOS-based OS'es like Windows 95.

      I know this because I joined a Mac-friendly company around 1995. They asked me if I wanted a PC or Mac, and I said "Mac of course". 2 years later, everyone had ditched their Macs in favor of NT boxes. There was no comparison, NT kicked ass in terms of speed and reliability. I was one of the last holdouts, but I got weary waiting for the constantly delayed Rhapsody/Copeland/whatever.

      The final straw was when I started a code fetch / build before lunch, came back an hour later, and it still wasn't done. The same operation literally only took 10 minutes on my coworkers NT box.

    8. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Sadly, that's US market share.

      It isn't US market share. It is US retail market share. (i.e., Apple has loads of retail stores) However, this doesn't include those sold outside of retail (e.g, direct purchase orders).

    9. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      But I would like to state that all the major pricing changed occurred on the hardware side. MS never matched the changes in the price of the OS. This is the problem of the monopoly. Apple has competed hard in quality and price.

      The price of System 7 updates in the 90s was worse than keeping Windows updated. Remember those frequent $99 updates ($69 if you had the previous version) that gave relatively few improvements? A multithreaded Finder! Whoopie! That's worth $99.

    10. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by mgv · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Sadly, that's US market share. Their worldwide market share barely moved. Which I can understand, cost isn't as important here, go to India or China, cost is everything. Even with the reputed higher maintenance effort needed for Windows systems, labor is definitely cheap enough to cover that.

      I would agree with this (I haven't seen figures for Australia but I'm sure its similar to the US - you see those glowing apple logo's everwhere there are laptops now). In the emerging markets, cost is everything. Of course, Linux is cheap, and is a real threat to Microsoft there where people actually look at the true cost. (Thus the very stripped down cheap version of windows for the asian markets).

      That software isn't a problem. That software can be removed. What might be considered a problem is a webcam in every computer. Some companies don't like that.

      There is also application availability, many corporations need some obscure or custom app that's not available on OS X, and the cost of Parallels and the maintenance hassle of supporting something like that might not be worth it, that sort of arrangement would more than offset the ease of OS X maintenance.


      I wouldn't argue with your analysis. There are lots of reasons why corporations may not be that interested in an apple computer, even if it is equal cost wise. Of course, when you consider the camera a negative, ignore the apps and have to add in a WinXP licence to each apple laptop, its not surprising that you see business passing over apple computers.

      Likewise Apple hasn't put nearly the effort into enterprise that Microsoft has. Which is not to say that they have done nothing, but really apple is just starting to turn its attention there, and probably not that seriously yet.

      What they have done so very well is aim for the home user. All those apps that many companies would delete (iMovie, iDVD, iPhoto, etc) are the very reason that people buy a Mac. I know people who bought an apple simply to use the video editing alone (home use, not professional).

      There is an obvious connection with the iPod here - very few corporate buyers, pretty good sales.

      That is not to say that apple couldn't or shouldn't compete in the corporate world. But if they had chosen to do this directly, they would have gone against the M$ juggernaut, and lost badly.

      The flip side is that M$ is producing an operating system that is primarily designed to be sold to enterprise. The home user sales flowed on from this because people didn't see a better alternative. And M$ wasn't that interested in producing it. The burden of antivirus software, for example, is alot lower in the enterprise when you have a team of IT people who manage all the machines anyway. They are going to enforce corporate policy, restrict individual users, and so on. In this fashion you can make a windows machine relatively secure. Few home users can do this properly for themeslves. Few ever will.

      Look at where Apple is pusing things. Take automated data backup - aka - "Time Machine" in the lepoard release of OS X (10.5). This is something that home users should do, and that M$ have never bothered to do properly. Does this matter in the enterprise? Does anyone see corporations supplying individual users with a USB HDD and telling them to do daily backups?

      So to expand on my original statement. The future for Apple is the home user market. There was a time when only a company would fork out the money (>$4000) to buy one of those expensive compter things. Back then the company that made an OS for that purpose was always going to win the day. Lots fought for this title. Microsoft won.

      Today, that market still exists, and is huge. Its also commodity hell for the manufacturers. Today a $1000+ system starts to look expensive to the enterprise, but lots of home users will spend that sort of money, or more, on a variety of consumer electronics. This is a whole new market, but nobody really noticed its potential until a couple o

      --
      There is no cryptographic solution to the problem where the intended receiver and the attacker are the same entity.
    11. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by dfghjk · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "You could hook up a external mass storage drive without hacking the BIOS."

      So could the PC. That one makes no sense. No doubt macs were easier to set up. There were closed systems after all.

      "The general quality of the whole industry declined, and we found ourselves in a situation where nothing worked. Except for the Apple which was an expensive machine."

      That's complete bullshit. PC compatibility was spotty in the early years but it steadily improved. There was no idustry-wide decline in quality as you say. Exactly the opposite.

      "You still have to do color coded keyboard and mouse."

      You seem a little fixated on this as though it matters. If this were an actual problem then the PC world would have switched to USB by now. They haven't because it doesn't in spite of the fact that the PC industry developed the solution.

      "This is the problem of the monopoly."

      Microsoft didn't have a monopoly at this time. It competed with OS/2 for the desktop and many alternatives on the server side. Pricing for Windows at the time was modest compared to the hardware costs.

      "MS just gathers money, and only occasionally competes."

      So this explanation of Apple's failure is degenerating into a rag on Microsoft? What a surprise.

      "In almost every establishment, there has been a profound lack of support, which results in the PC not being used effeciently."

      That's also bullshit. There are reasons why PCs are in business and Macs aren't. One is multiple source, Another is the availability of business apps and compatability. Another is support. Vendors don't get into large accounts without being able to provide support. That's where IBM made its money, and vendors learned to compete by offering similar levels of support. There's a reason Dell is dominant and Gateway isn't. Dell learned how to sell to big business.

      "And, with XP, with the admin lockout, the deficiency in support is even more evident..."

      You're going crazy here.

      "And these machines are not cheap. If support personnel was adequate, we would be looking at an additional $100 per years per machine, and that is just at the local level."

      Sounds like your company doesn't know how to support its employees. The myth is that somehow that would be different with Apple. None of that matters because it isn't central to Apple's decline.

      The fact is that PCs were an open documented standard that fostered a clone business that operated effectively under the umbrella of IBM's (and later Compaq's) high margins. The multiple source nature of the platform encouraged adoption as well as hardware and software development by 3rd parties. PCs ran multiple operating systems, came in all shapes and sizes, and could be used for a variety of applications. Meanwhile, Apple chose to keep their platform closed until their market share slipped away from them, and once they opened it they found themselves getting beaten by their clones because they didn't have the market position that IBM had when they were in a similar situation. Of course, IBM was eventually forced out of the market as well.

      Microsoft was a ferocious and merciless competitor, but by the time they established Windows as a monopoly Apple's dominance was long gone. It was the ubiquity of the PC that did Apple in, not Microsoft. Large accounts are what made the PC and Apple was foolishly never a player there. Arguably they could not be since they weren't established in business like IBM and they were the sole champion of their platform, unlike the hundreds selling the PC.

    12. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by fyngyrz · · Score: 2, Funny
      You could hook up a printer without selling your sole.

      Eh? [looks at shoe... looks at fishtank...]

      Oh. Soul. Never mind.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    13. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by UnknowingFool · · Score: 1
      With OS X and hardware which is merely moderately expensive, they might stand a better chance, but it's hard to see how they'll ever really compete with MS Windows.

      Geez, the whole Apple is more expensive still perpetuates even though it is not as true as it once was. By using the same basic components, there is now more of a direct comparisons between PCs and Macs, yet people automatically dismiss Macs as more expensive without really comparing the machines. You can get a Dell desktop for under $400 which is $200 less than the cheapest Mac. Remember though that Dell is selling you a cheaper computer because it does not have as many features. Instead of a Core 2, you'll get a Celeron D. Instead of XP Pro, you get XP Home. There is no wireless Bluetooth option. You don't get a remote. You don't get any software like iLife or FrontRow, etc. It's like complaining that a Toyota Camry is more expensive than a Toyota Corolla.

      Apple has never wanted to sell the cheapest computers to gain market share. Dell and HP/Compaq have been in this battle for market share for the last decade and Apple never wanted to compete with them because they know they would never win. They rather higher end computers.

      --
      Well, there's spam egg sausage and spam, that's not got much spam in it.
    14. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by UnxMully · · Score: 1

      That software isn't a problem. That software can be removed. What might be considered a problem is a webcam in every computer. Some companies don't like that.

      I'm not too sure about the webcam part. A company I worked with last year was spending an absolute fortune on limited access video conferencing to avoid spending even more money on corporate travel.

    15. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Just one thing. Pre MS Windows 95, to set up something like a Zip drive, which was the popular external removable mass storage device, required a hack to get the PC to recognize it, then some drivers. it was not trivial. On the Mac, it was plug and play. Though this had to do with fact that the Mac had a SCSI port, the point stands. there were many other issues with it.

      The Keyboard is just a symbol of the lack of thought that went into the PC, and a symbol of how it is more complicated than it needs to be. Sure the keyboard and mouse are color coded. But you know what? On the mac my keyboard and mouse will work on any USB port. On my new Compaq/HP, the keyboard and mouse will not work on any USB port.

      Everything about 'open standards' and 'open this and that' are a myth. Compaq broke open the the standards, and commodity parts made it cheap. The myth of various sources of OS was a myth since 1990, because everyone used MS DOS, and everyone moved to MS Windows. I can count on one hand the number of non-commercial enterprises that ran OS/2, and most of the commercial ones just ran it because it was IBM.

      The point is not that Apple had a good product. The point is not that MS has a bad product. The point is not that MS once competed hard. The point is not that it again having to compete hard. The point is not that IBM should or should not have lost it's edge. The point is merely that upheaval in market norms are more often than not the downfall of major firms, and the firms that survive will react to those changes, while those that don't will fail. Therefore, the measure of a firm is not that it has negatively impact by market force, all firms do that, but how they weather those changes, and if they continue to thrive.

      Recall we have hundreds of PC manufacturers, but in terms of shipping computers the list is Dell and HP with around 20% each, and Gateway and Apple with 5-10% each. This puts Apple in third or fourth position in terms of PC sales. Certainly a distant third, but a third with significant sales and quarter over quarter profit. Certainly not a failed or trouble concerned. At least not any more than any other valid concern.

    16. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by DrXym · · Score: 1
      Geez, the whole Apple is more expensive still perpetuates even though it is not as true as it once was.

      That's why I say moderately. I know there is some price overlap with Macs but you can get much cheaper than a Mac with comparable specs if you look around. I expect without too much effort you could find something equivalent to a MacBook for several hundred dollars less. Where Apple score is that they get the new stuff out first so it's hard to make a comparison. If ever Intel get tired of giving the first shipments to Apple, I think they could be in trouble.

    17. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by gnasher719 · · Score: 3, Informative

      '' Geez, the whole Apple is more expensive still perpetuates even though it is not as true as it once was. By using the same basic components, there is now more of a direct comparisons between PCs and Macs, yet people automatically dismiss Macs as more expensive without really comparing the machines. You can get a Dell desktop for under $400 which is $200 less than the cheapest Mac. Remember though that Dell is selling you a cheaper computer because it does not have as many features. Instead of a Core 2, you'll get a Celeron D. Instead of XP Pro, you get XP Home. There is no wireless Bluetooth option. You don't get a remote. You don't get any software like iLife or FrontRow, etc. It's like complaining that a Toyota Camry is more expensive than a Toyota Corolla. ''

      A few months ago I had to help someone on an extremely limited budget to buy a computer. Sadly the budget was too limited for any new Macintosh, and used Macs are horrendously expensive. So I visited about half a dozen computer stores to get the absolute best value for money. (Interestingly, the local supermarket turned out the best value). There are quite a few machines out there that are cheaper than any Macintosh - they are not as nice as a Mac, but they are cheaper, so you get what you pay for. However, if you start looking at the more expensive PCs, like £800 to £1000, and compare to an iMac at the same price, then suddenly the iMacs are extremely good value.

    18. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by DrXym · · Score: 1
      It would be my assertion that people would rather buy polished turds than unpolished ones,

      Well clearly that's not true because Apple was seriously obsolete by the late 90's and everyone knew it. Even Apple knew it or they wouldn't have been so keen to jump to OS X. My Dual-CPU G4 which I got circa 2001 even shipped with Mac OS 9 and horrible it was too - it worked fine when it worked, but it was very easy to hang it. Far, far easier than any version of Windows.

      That doesn't mean PCs are without their faults, but the simple fact is that Windows (via NT) has been a proper pre-emptive multi-tasking operating system since the early 90s. And even the weird 16-bit / 32-bit hybrid Windows 95 / 98 / Me were "good enough" for lesser machines.

      As for the "myth of the cheap PC", the simple fact is it's not a myth. Macs have traditionally been expensive and proprietary. Nowadays with their PC hardware this is not so true but they are still expensive. I've mulled upgrading my Mac environment more than once though I'm still working out what to get. But to me they are occupy the top end compared to PC kit with equivalent specs. I keep thinking that the only reason I could justify an upgrade is OS X. The Intel hardware has been pretty meh and certainly not worth an upgrade on its own merits.

    19. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "Pre MS Windows 95, to set up something like a Zip drive, which was the popular external removable mass storage device, required a hack to get the PC to recognize it, then some drivers. it was not trivial."

      What was that hack? Are you saying that PCs didn't have SCSI? Is this the device that you claim requires a BIOS mod? Who do you think was even capable of such a thing?

      Zip drives were introduced in 1994 in both IDE and SCSI flavors. I believe there was a parallel port version as well and later there was ATAPI and USB. None required "BIOS modifications" as there is no such thing. For PCs with SCSI, Zip drives appear as hard drives with removable media. PCs supported those just as well as Macs did.

      PCs have a great deal more configuration flexibility than macs do. It is both a strength and a weakness. Could macs use the IDE version of Zip drives back then? No, but PCs could use all versions.

      "The Keyboard is just a symbol of the lack of thought that went into the PC..."

      Not really. Originally the PC only had one connector for the keyboard. The PS/2 changed that connector and added a 2nd identical one. Blame IBM for that. Some PCs actually had the ability to support the keyboard and mouse plugged in arbitrarily but standardization of the 8042/8051 code did away with that. Color coding was adopted in the PnP times. Setup of a machine, regardless of the ease or difficulty, is of no significance over the life of a computer (except to mac users who love to criticise PCs for it). I'd like to see a computer that can't support a keyboard on any of its USB ports. USB isn't supposed to work that way.

      "Everything about 'open standards' and 'open this and that' are a myth."

      Really? How so? Did you own any of the IBM PC tech ref manuals that you could buy at the IBM store? They were detailed and definitive.

      "Compaq broke open the the standards..."

      Really? In what way? The PC was built with off-the-shelf parts and was thoroughly documented by IBM. Compaq's main task was the cleanroom reimplementing of the BIOS (which it certainly did not share with other cloners).

      "The myth of various sources of OS was a myth since 1990, because everyone used MS DOS, and everyone moved to MS Windows."

      Really? Fact is that many customers required IBM PC-DOS, not MS-DOS. There were other DOS competitors, plus SCO, Interactive 386/ix, Banyan, Novell, OS/2, and several Windows competitors in the early days as well. Having worked in the industry at that time, I am quite familiar with the test suites that PCs were subjected to. There was no OS monopoly.

      "I can count on one hand the number of non-commercial enterprises that ran OS/2, and most of the commercial ones just ran it because it was IBM."

      So clearly you aren't an expert on OS/2. IBM ultimately provided OS/2 support for a long, long time because it had many large customers that demanded it. OS/2 was originally Microsoft's successor to Windows so it had a great deal of support behind it at one point.

      "Recall we have hundreds of PC manufacturers, but in terms of shipping computers the list is Dell and HP with around 20% each, and Gateway and Apple with 5-10% each. This puts Apple in third or fourth position in terms of PC sales."

      The article was about Apple's failure in the 90's. They weren't claiming that Apple is a failure today.

      Regarding the number of PC manufacturers and their market shares, it's a fact that any of those companies could falter and go under without impacting the PC market itself. In fact, even Intel could fail and the PC market would continue. Apple, on the other hand, is the sole champion of its market, and if Apple falters the mac could very well die. It is not Microsoft, nor Intel, nor Compaq, IBM, or Dell that caused Apple's decline. It was all of them. The PC platform through it's openness and broad industry support forced the mac into a niche.

    20. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Phil06 · · Score: 1

      Apple has 100% of the Mac market

      --
      "...and yet, I blame society" Duke - Repo Man
    21. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      There are reasons why PCs are in business and Macs aren't. One is multiple source, Another is the availability of business apps and compatability. Another is support. Vendors don't get into large accounts without being able to provide support. That's where IBM made its money, and vendors learned to compete by offering similar levels of support. There's a reason Dell is dominant and Gateway isn't. Dell learned how to sell to big business.

      While there is only one source for Macs there are just about as many business apps for Macs as there are for Windows, some Mac versions of Windows apps, some from totally different developers or companies. Not only that but because OSX has BSD under the hood Macs can also run many Unix apps.

      As for Gateway, their hardware and tech support sucks. I bought two laptops from them, the first one had it's hardrive and motherboard die within a year, the hd only a few months after I got it and the MB 2 weeks shy of a year after getting it. The lcd on second one cracked about 2 months after I got it and though I paid extra for an extended service plan the lcd wasn't covered. Also both laptops I almost constantly had problems and each tyme I called tech support the second question, after what the serial number was, was whether anything had recently been installed. If something was installed then the call ended, they wouldn't even try to see what the problem was, all they'd say was to reinstall Windows without installing anything else.

      Falcon
    22. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "While there is only one source for Macs there are just about as many business apps for Macs as there are for Windows, some Mac versions of Windows apps, some from totally different developers or companies. Not only that but because OSX has BSD under the hood Macs can also run many Unix apps."

      I don't think that's true but it isn't the core issue. Big business will not accept sole source. In fact, many won't qualify a vendor if that vendor uses a lot of sole source. That's why you see PC companies like Dell appear so conservative.

      Any apps that have come to be available because of OS X and its BSD heritage don't matter. Apple gave up pursuit of business long before that. Apple doesn't sell to big business because it knows it can't. No doubt OS X is a perfectly suitable platform for it.

      "As for Gateway, their hardware and tech support sucks."

      That can be said for Apple and Dell as well (and it has many times).

      Gateway was a company that attempted to take away Dell's marketshare from the bottom while Dell moved into larger accounts. Dell recognized it and split its desktop line into two: Dimension (to fight Gateway) and Optiplex (to sell to business). Dell recognized the need for a responsive product line to cater to the individual while having a business line with stability and longevity. In doing this, they beat Gateway into submission while growing to dominate business. Compaq did similar (and might have done it first, don't know) but Compaq couldn't match Dell's efficiency in build-to-order. Compaq's strategy was to subsidize desktops with their dominant and profitable servers while Dell's was to destroy Compaq's server profitability and force their desktop prices higher. We know who won. Gateway was never the player because it couldn't sell to business at all. PCs are all about business sales. /.ers fail to realize that.

    23. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Richard+Steiner · · Score: 1

      Any speed issues you would have seen were hardware-related, not related to the OS. I've used a Mac and an NT4 box concurrently in the same work location (had one of each in my cube for years), and I found that each had it own set of advantages. I found that I generally preferred the Mac, however.

      --
      Mainframe/UNIX Bit Twiddler and long time Windows/Linux Hobbyist.
      The Theorem Theorem: If If, Then Then.
    24. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Any speed issues you would have seen were hardware-related, not related to the OS. I've used a Mac and an NT4 box concurrently in the same work location (had one of each in my cube for years), and I found that each had it own set of advantages. I found that I generally preferred the Mac, however.

      I wouldn't bet on it. A/UX (Apple's Unix) was known to offer much better performance than Mac OS on many tasks. In certain I/O tests, for example, I recall it achieved 3-4 times the performance of Mac OS. A former colleague of mine also said he had done performance profiling of Mac OS in the mid-90s, and found that Finder file copy operations were CPU-bound, and that most of the CPU was being used to constantly recompute the correct size of the progress bar, rather than to actually move data!

      The Mac OS core was so bad that I wouldn't be at all surprised to find out it was at least part of the problem, especially if the sync/build involved multiple processes. In the early 90s, for example, I remember that most terminal software couldn't even download in the background. ZTerm somehow managed to work round the inability of Mac OS to even co-operatively multitask properly, so became an essential tool on any Mac I used. I doubt the file system was particularly efficient either, although I'm sure much of the slow I/O performance was indeed down to the hardware.

      The really sad thing is that the Lisa OS was a much better system, without most of the problems that afflicted Mac OS. In 1983, it had protected memory, decent co-operative multitasking, virtual memory, et al. It also had, in my opinion, a much better GUI. Lisa OS did require a hard disk and 1MB of RAM, but by 1987, the the addition of an MMU would have allowed the Mac SE and Mac II to run it quite well. Instead, Apple repeatedly tried to improve that ramshackle Mac OS, without much success, until the whole thing was finally discarded in favour of NextStep.

    25. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      "As for Gateway, their hardware and tech support sucks."

      That can be said for Apple and Dell as well (and it has many times).

      On most custumer service surveys I hear Apple has amoung the best ratings while Dell's isn't that good.

      Falcon
    26. Re:Mac OS Classic and price by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      Most recently that's true. Back in the 90's it certainly wasn't. Nevertheless, it's not relevant. All manufacturers have their share of custumer complaints regarding quality of machines and service. Otherwise they'd all have perfect scores (which Apple certainly doesn't). Apple has certainly had their share of Intel notebook problems yet their satisfaction ratings are good. Asking customers how they feel about manufacturers is certainly a useful exercise but it's hardly an objective measure of quality.

  6. I say by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That this "accident", was MS accidently forgetting to patch security flaws, Windows being hard to use, and very complex, almost every program for Windows being horrably complex and hard to use, etc, etc.

    Pluss they made a really cool commercial, andd got their product viewed in movies (i know people that actually bought macs becauuse the girl from legally blonde had one...).

  7. This article does shed some light on why apple is by antifoidulus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    reticent to license OS X to other PC vendors or sell it to run on beige boxes now that it is Intel. They tried something along those lines with the clones, and as the article states it was a complete disaster. Ultimately besides a few loud people, most of the people who would buy OS X for generic PCs are the ones who would buy a mac anyhow, so Apple loses profit while barely increasing market share. Not a good tradeoff from the corporate perspective I would think.

  8. The article is not complete by suv4x4 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "The company now only had an improved platform that nobody had any reason to buy. The real solution to Apple's problem was stumbled onto by a fortunate accident." ... and this is where it ends, to be complete later. What a waste of time.

    1. Re:The article is not complete by Admin_Jason · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The article does leave you wanting more with that teaser at the end, but that doesn't mean the article is not complete, nor does it mean it was a waste of time. If this is an ongoing series, that will span several articles, then it is definitely not a waste of time. As mentioned upthread, I found it quite interesting and enlightening on the subject of why Mac doesn't license its OS to 3rd parties - it tried and the effort was a disaster.

      The other interesting component of the article I found was the distinction in market share. While it makes perfect sense to segregate Apple from Dell and HP as not in the same market, (just as BMW doesn't share the same market as Ford and Chevy) the comparison had not crossed my mind until the author mentioned it specifically. Thus, the article (for me) was both informative and thought provoking.

      I actually am looking forward to the next article to read more on the perception of their take on what turned things around for Apple. And fwiw, my take on what turned things around was the change in marketing strategies and the return of Jobs.

      --
      Just another nameless binary in a crowd of 1's and 0's
    2. Re:The article is not complete by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I actually am looking forward to the next article to read more on the perception of their take on what turned things around for Apple. And fwiw, my take on what turned things around was the change in marketing strategies and the return of Jobs.

      Wow, that's "your take"? Thank you, Captain Obvious.

    3. Re:The article is not complete by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2, Funny

      I am thinking that the 'fortunate incident' must have been an airplane crash that killed the entire senior software development staff, taking with it all the lead programmers for 'Copeland.' But I know it probabaly wasn't that.... (that they still sell single-button mice is enough indication)

    4. Re:The article is not complete by Budenny · · Score: 1

      "why Mac doesn't license its OS to 3rd parties - it tried and the effort was a disaster."

      No, it never licensed its OS. What it did was license the right to make its hardware. Different. Yes, it was a disaster. Mainly because they could not or would not get the costs out in Cupertino.

      Also, "While it makes perfect sense to segregate Apple from Dell and HP as not in the same market".

      No it makes no sense. The only reason Roughly Drafted argues it is because they have 3% share. He is desperate for any way to make it look bigger.

    5. Re:The article is not complete by Admin_Jason · · Score: 1

      You really believe that the same demographic will consider a Mac or a Dell? I've got news for you...$300 for a PC versus $1200 is a HUGE difference. The former are people that most likely do not have a lot of disposable income and probably do not have any college education (or minimal), while the latter clearly has more disposable income to invest in a higher end computer. They also are more likely to have better education, their socio-economic status is likely higher as well. Perhaps an analogy that is more understandable for you would be cars. Do you think that a Ferrari is going to market the same crowd as a Ford Focus? They are not chasing the same market - their customer base is different. But that's just Captain Obvious at work again! :)

      --
      Just another nameless binary in a crowd of 1's and 0's
    6. Re:The article is not complete by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> "why Mac doesn't license its OS to 3rd parties - it tried and the effort was a disaster."

      > No, it never licensed its OS. What it did was license the right to make its hardware. Different.

      You could buy a third-party Mac clone with the Mac OS pre-installed, and part of it was in ROM. Guess what, Sherlock, that requires licensing.

    7. Re:The article is not complete by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're missing a fairly important point, which is that Dell's model range is segmented. Yes, there are cheap models, but there are also expensive models (e.g. Precision, Latitude and PowerEdge), and they're aimed at completely different markets. The same applies to almost all PC manufacturers, including Apple (although Apple's model range tends to be quite a bit smaller, and Apples tend to be much less configurable).

      Since you're apparently so keen on car analogies, did you know that Fiat own a controlling stake in Ferrari? Do you think that means a Fiat Punto is targeted at the same market as a Ferrari F430? Of course not. Neither are Maybach and Chrysler saloons marketed to the same groups, yet both are made by DaimlerChrysler.

      Another important point is that Macs use mostly the same parts as PCs, so comparing a premium Mac to a premium HP/Compaq, Dell, Acer, Fujitsu-Siemens, et al. is comparing systems that are very similar. Most PC vendors do offer models outside Apple's range, both below and above, but the models within the middle segments Apple compete in are perfectly comparable to Apples, but usually a bit less fashionably designed and a bit less expensive (than the equivalent Apple). Indeed, it's almost like comparing a Volkswagen to a Skoda or Seat.

      Mac users seem obsessed with the idea that Macs are 'premium', and indeed they are compared to the cheapest PCs, but not to mid- and high-range PCs, and certainly not compared to top-of-the-range hardware from the likes of Dell and HP.

  9. the day after Jobs by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    One thing that keeps me concerned about Apple's future is the excessive (but successful) cult-of-personality culture : the reliance on Jobs to personify the company's innovations during keynotes.

    How will buyers keep faith in Apple products after Jobs disappears ?

    1. Re:the day after Jobs by x2A · · Score: 1

      No... that's why they had to get him back

      --
      The revolution will not be televised... but it will have a page on Wikipedia
  10. Simple answer by bytesex · · Score: 4, Insightful

    No Steve Jobs.

    --
    Religion is what happens when nature strikes and groupthink goes wrong.
    1. Re:Simple answer by nine-times · · Score: 1

      There really is a lot to this. Steve Jobs seems to have a knack for attracting talented people and getting them to make good stuff. Right after Jobs comes back to Apple, they come out with the iMac, iPod, and OSX. How's that for a hat-trick?

    2. Re:Simple answer by Bill+Grates · · Score: 1

      As to why Apple is still around ?

      Microsoft's cash injection of, what was it $200 million in the middle of an Apple debt crisis in the mid
      1990s. MS also actively supports Macintosh not only in direct cash but by offering Office
      under OSX. Where would linux be with an X version of Office? This is about MS strategically
      analysing its alliances.

      Microsoft decided not to quash Apple when it had the chance to stave off the regulators -
      I am sure Bill has imagined the term 'baby microsofts'. In fact after we got past the 1980's I think
      there is probably quite a cosy relationship between the two companies at a certain level of their
      management as much as Apple likes to pretend that it the viable and vigorous alternative to MS.

    3. Re:Simple answer by khallow · · Score: 1

      Actually, I think Apple is doing well now because Steve Jobs got booted back then. Jobs got valuable experience running Next and Pixar that he wouldn't have picked up if he had continued to rot at Apple. It was a good move to kick him back then and a good move later to put him back in.

    4. Re:Simple answer by zoftie · · Score: 1

      From what I understand he was poor manager, poor leader. Of all things he had the gall to lay hard rules down, being hard ass on the team making wonderful products. That however singled him out as a unwilling to yield to anything that compromises his elitist principles, being difficult to approach. Which is why apple suffered, which is why it will keep on doing mediocre for a while. There is number of things outlined by excellent research done by people who wrong iCon 2.0.

      I love their products, but that doesn't mean they are the best company to deal with. There was this presentation by Apple at my university, that they wanted to sell us alot of Macs at discounted price, whatever. My professor, counted to them, that his friend working at other university was frustrated, that 5 years back they have sold a number of machines to them, promising to support and work with the staff, only being stonewalled by apple. They are still a flakey california company with no real experience in business world, the markets like that. Apple users have been accustomed to taking from jobs "up the ass". Until they will at least start pretending to care, nothing will change. Apple will still sell limited market cool alternative, that no one should learn if they wish to participate in larger markets. Snob is a snob. no way around it, and steve has perferected the art.

      2c.

  11. Performa line by Sultin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The performa line from the mid 90s was probably their worste move. I know a number of mac fans that went out and purchased one of these machines not knowing how gimped they really were. Tons of the "good" mac software couldn't run on those machines as they had much lower quality components. The bigest problem was that they had no math co-processor.

    Virtually none of the documentation for these systems mentioned that they were less than a real mac, so most of the people that purchased them just ended up thinking that the whole platform was a joke.

    This is when I went from a strictly mac guy to a *nix fan, eventually being forced to move to the PC. I must say OSX has got me saving my pennies to get back into the mac world.

    1. Re:Performa line by kabdib · · Score: 1

      I was working for Apple in the early 90s. I had no idea what products were what. Hell, I was doing systems software, and I couldn't keep track of all the machines that Apple was making. A relative would call me up and ask "What should I buy?" and I'd have to go to ComputerWare or some place to find out.

      One internal reason why Apple's "OS" sucked was that they kept coming out with half-baked APIs to stuff that was really tough for developers to use. Color chooser? Give me a break. One of my efforts was a HyperCard XCMD that let you mount network volumes. That should have been a system service; instead, developers had to depend on something that was not officially supported, while systems software went off and did more crappy UI components with no abstractions underneath them.

      In short: Very, very poorly designed services.

      Then Microsoft got its act together with respect to tools (Visual Studio 1.0 / 1.1) and in the mid 90s NT was a perfectly acceptable development environment. A workstation that didn't crash? Whoa, what a concept.

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced technology is insufficiently documented.
    2. Re:Performa line by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      This is when I went from a strictly mac guy to a *nix fan, eventually being forced to move to the PC. I must say OSX has got me saving my pennies to get back into the mac world.
      So you abandoned the Mac in its time of greatest need. Apparently you didn't appreciate human interface design at the time, to say nothing of good taste and aesthetic instinct. Did you like the way your PC maximizes windows instead of zooming? Does it arrange your desktop icons marching leftwards? Does it speak eloquently? Would it have your baby? I'm sure it'd make a really excellent Final Cut Pro workstation.

      And now that the Mac's become popular again with its new, improved OS internals, you come crawling back on your hands and knees. What makes you think you're welcome back? Drown in beige and die, traitorous square.
    3. Re:Performa line by Macgrrl · · Score: 1

      The Performa wasn't guilty all by itself, I would say instead the combination of the Performa range machines, the PB190/5300 and Mac Os 7.5

      --
      Sara
      Designer, Gamer, Macgrrl in an XP World
  12. The Answer! Re:The article is not complete by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Rather than selling expensive Apple hardware to a tiny segment of the market, they figured out that they could sell cheap PC hardware to a tiny segment of the market at inflated Apple prices! Hooray, the kingdom is saved!

  13. Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I personally loved the Mac's back in the 90's. I built a very successful commercial retouching business where our primary software/hardware was Photoshop on OS9 Mac's. OS9 performed well as you could lock down memory and dedicate it to Photoshop (no OS swapping). This is something that is sorely missing from OS/X and Windows.

    Yes, there were/are WIN32 calls to ask Windows to not swap, however, there is really no guarantee. (Maybe there is now?) Photoshop has a more efficient swapping mechanism based on image tiles rather than the OS with small pages.

    For the general business or home computer user, I agree, the 90's Dell's years. Apple fell short of expectations.

    I think Apple's success with the iPod and iTunes really boosted their overall marketing effort. Had it not been for those products, we probably would not be having this discussion.

    -G

    1. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by nine-times · · Score: 1

      I personally loved the Mac's back in the 90's. I built a very successful commercial retouching business where our primary software/hardware was Photoshop on OS9 Mac's. OS9 performed well as you could lock down memory and dedicate it to Photoshop (no OS swapping). This is something that is sorely missing from OS/X and Windows.

      You hear that complaint a lot from people using Macs at that time, but I assure you, this was largely a problem of MacOS's memory management stinking royally, so much so that virtual memory just didn't work properly. This feature is not missing from other operating systems, as the memory management works in other operating systems.

      Really, I've supported both the old MacOS and OSX, and I get questions all the time, "How can I turn off virtual memory?" The answer is, you don't. You don't need to.

    2. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by MtViewGuy · · Score: 1

      Apple began its revival with the unveiling of the iMac, which was a true all-in-one machine that was very easy to setup in terms of hardware use. But its revival didn't kick into high gear until the second-generation LCD-based iMac arrived with its swiveling display panel made it very attractive to users where desktop space was at a premium.

      Today, the current iMac is a very attractive machine, costing only a little more than most PC's but offering things like widescreen display, Intel Core 2 Duo CPU's, and multimedia support galore. Small wonder why Apple has sold quite a lot of them lately....

    3. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by netglen · · Score: 1

      Are you on crack? Sub-OS X memory management sucked bigtime.

    4. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 1

      I beg to differ. While I agree that VMM was essentially non-existent in OS9, being able to lock down large chunks of memory and manage it yourself is great for software that deals with huge graphic images. Photoshop, for instance, tiles images into smaller chunks and has it's own internal VMM to deal with those tiles in an way that is very, very efficient.

      -G

    5. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by mgv · · Score: 1

      I beg to differ. While I agree that VMM was essentially non-existent in OS9, being able to lock down large chunks of memory and manage it yourself is great for software that deals with huge graphic images. Photoshop, for instance, tiles images into smaller chunks and has it's own internal VMM to deal with those tiles in an way that is very, very efficient.

      And I would beg to point out that RAM is very, very cheap now. If you have enough of it, you shouldn't swap. I have 2GB of RAM on my laptop, and that was arguably 1GB too much... Unless you are doing video or games, RAM is unlikely to be a big concern now. In fact, I could virtualise out a couple of instances of Windows on the laptop and do the photoshop editing in them, and probably not go to swap there....

      Michael

      --
      There is no cryptographic solution to the problem where the intended receiver and the attacker are the same entity.
    6. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      Apparently you aren't aware that Photoshop on the PC has a configurable option to limit system memory allocation as a percentage of physical memory.

      The sad aspect of your comment is that you think having the ability to manage something that is clearly the responsibility of the software is somehow an advantage. Memory management is clearly the responsibility of the system, not the user. What matters is how well the application runs, and (ignoring the new Intel macs) it's been a long, long time since the mac was competitive at running Photoshop. Next we'll here how great it was that Photoshop could use the mac's second processor even though the rest of the system couldn't.

      In either system, having enough memory was important. Without it you couldn't dedicate memory to PS on a mac. With it, swapping would be controlled on the PC.

    7. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "Today, the current iMac is a very attractive machine, costing only a little more than most PC's but offering things like widescreen display, Intel Core 2 Duo CPU's, and multimedia support galore."

      Are any of those features somehow different than the PC's the iMac only costs a little more than? Multimedia support galore? Are you saying that PC's don't offer multimedia support that compares? Intel CPU's? Widescreen displays?

    8. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by iroll · · Score: 1

      And I bet GP would beg to point out to you that they're not talking about NOW, they're talking about 10 years ago. The price of RAM now is irrelevant.

      --
      Repetition does not transform a lie into the truth. - FDR
    9. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by drsmithy · · Score: 1

      I personally loved the Mac's back in the 90's. I built a very successful commercial retouching business where our primary software/hardware was Photoshop on OS9 Mac's. OS9 performed well as you could lock down memory and dedicate it to Photoshop (no OS swapping). This is something that is sorely missing from OS/X and Windows.

      No, it's something that would never have been in MacOS if it had decent memory management.

      Like RAM disks and other similar "features", it is a crutch for a broken VM system.

    10. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 1

      2 GB of RAM? How about a 500 Mb Photoshop file (NOT uncommon in the prepress industry), 1 undo, cut-and-paste. Swap. -G

    11. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 1

      Ever wonder why that option exists? It is BECAUSE it cannot guarantee swapping by the OS, so as a hack, you allocate far less memory than is physically available in the hopes that Windows will not swap.

      That option was first available on the Windows version in 3.0 of Photoshop; it was not available on the Mac OS9 version as it was not necessary.

      Hell, ever stop to think why Photoshop still creates and uses its own swap file? Why not just use Windows VMM? Ever think about that?

      Look, I fully understand the merits of VMM. All I am saying is that OS9 was very nice for applications like Photoshop that required large blocks of memory. I realize OS9 was antiquated in other ways, but any prepress person will tell you they dropped it for OS/X not by choice, but because they were forced to when Apple stopped supporting it on the newer Macs.

      -G

    12. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by mgv · · Score: 1


      2 GB of RAM? How about a 500 Mb Photoshop file (NOT uncommon in the prepress industry), 1 undo, cut-and-paste. Swap. -G


      Yes, that would be fair, that might go to swap on my laptop.

      I'd definitely use a desktop for that - and now you are talking about commercial stuff.

      A MacPro goes to 16GB. That would give you a few undo's. ....

      Point is, you are right, you can force a modern machine to swap. Its not that hard to do if you want to try.

      But you can generally avoid needing to by adding more RAM. Modern OS's are much better at managing swap than what early versions of Mac OS (before OS X) were as far as I understand - although the first apple I bought had OS X on it so this isn't first hand experience.

      All I'm really saying is that whilst its fine for the OS to use swap, and there are times when it may well be more efficient to swap code out of RAM whilst you use the same RAM to buffer disk reads, in reality if your main, active programs are swapping, its really worthwhile thinking about getting more RAM. Particularly so if you are a business - RAM is cheap compared to employee time.

      It wasn't like this 10 years ago; computers were totally constrained by CPU power, RAM and hard disk space. Now, there are few things left where these are issues. Mostly video and gaming. And of course you just can't get a pipe to the internet thats too big; or a battery that lasts long enough for any portable device.

      Hope this explains what I was trying to say a bit better.

      Michael

      --
      There is no cryptographic solution to the problem where the intended receiver and the attacker are the same entity.
    13. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "Ever wonder why that option exists? It is BECAUSE it cannot guarantee swapping by the OS, so as a hack, you allocate far less memory than is physically available in the hopes that Windows will not swap."

      I'm not following your explanation, but the reason for any such feature is performance. It's interesting that the authors of PS felt they couldn't figure out what that setting should be on their own. Why do you think that is? If such a feature did have significant performance impact, you'd think they'd test a variety of configurations and tune the app appropriately. Frankly, I think it was a lame effort to emulate the mac platform by a bunch of programmers who thought in mac terms. No other PC app was like that.

      "That option was first available on the Windows version in 3.0 of Photoshop; it was not available on the Mac OS9 version as it was not necessary."

      You mean not necessary because the mac implemented it themselves to make up for their own lousy memory management? That is what this discussion is about, right?

      "Hell, ever stop to think why Photoshop still creates and uses its own swap file? Why not just use Windows VMM? Ever think about that?"

      Yeah, I've thought about it. I've even played with it by varying the PS settings for it on my Windows boxes. Love to see a thorough benchmarking of the feature since I'm not convinced it's important. It is a fact, though, that specific knowledge of an application can lead to optimizations of things like memory usage. OSes, which lack that knowledge, have a great deal of effort put into making them work well. Do you have any benchmarks that show Windows PS benefitting from the feature?

      "All I am saying is that OS9 was very nice for applications like Photoshop that required large blocks of memory."

      I understand that, but the bottom line is which platform actually ran Photoshop better? In recent history and up until the G5, Adobe said that the PC did due to the mac's relative lack of processor. If you recall, Abobe actually issued a press release stating that the PC was the platform of choice specifically because of performance, then they backed away from the statement when the G5 was announced. It doesn't matter that you can pin memory on OS 9. It only matters that the application runs well. According to Adobe it did not compared to the PC.

      "..but any prepress person will tell you they dropped it for OS/X not by choice..."

      You mean prepress people who use macs. Professionals who used macs frequently stayed with OS 9. It was familiar and OS X had a lot of issues early in its history.

      Isn't it ironic that today's macs can't run software written for macs just 7 years ago yet, through available unix DOS emulators, they may be able to run DOS apps from 25 years ago? I used to do that with my unix boxes and I'd be surprised if it didn't work on OS X.

    14. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "It is BECAUSE it cannot guarantee swapping by the OS, so as a hack, you allocate far less memory than is physically available in the hopes that Windows will not swap."

      Umm, nope. You can lock pages into memory using Win32 -- if you're using AWE to allocate memory it is never swapped out. http://technet2.microsoft.com/WindowsServer/en/lib rary/00284c8d-7a42-40f2-8a01-8de61dccd8c91033.mspx ?mfr=true

      "AWE allows an application to reserve portions of real memory that cannot be paged out to the paging file or otherwise manipulated except by the reserving application. AWE will keep this data in real memory at all times. Because the memory manager does not manage this memory, it will never be swapped out to the paging file. The application is completely responsible for handling the memory."

      AWE allows allocating huge amounts of memory - in excess of the 4GB virtual address space each process has (although you can only allocate out of physical ram, it is aimed at many-gigabyte servers; it does work perfectly fine on XP.)

      (Okay, DDJ asserts that AWE is the only way to lock pages into memory; nevertheless, AWE has been around since Windows 2000.)

      Also, stop and think about MacOS 9 memory managment. An obivous reason why that feature was not included in MacOS 9 versions of photoshop is because the MacOS 9 allocated memory to the program at start up - remember, you change the amount of RAM allocated by using Get Info in the finder? Adobe didn't need to implement this "hack" BECAUSE IT WAS PART OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM.

      The real reason why Photoshop uses its own scratch disks instead of Windows or MacOS (or MacOS X) VMM is simple. The scratch disk system supports multiple exabytes of space - you require a 64 bit operating system and a 64 bit native version of photoshop to handle that amount of space using the OS's VMM, and 64 bit just isn't common on either Windows or Mac.

      If you think about the amounts of data that photoshop could potentially work with (huge billboards, multiple layers, 16 bits per channel with several undo levels) it's not surprising that Photoshop may need to work with very large data sets.)

    15. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 1

      "Ever wonder why that option exists? It is BECAUSE it cannot guarantee swapping by the OS, so as a hack, you allocate far less memory than is physically available in the hopes that Windows will not swap."

      I'm not following your explanation, but the reason for any such feature is performance. It's interesting that the authors of PS felt they couldn't figure out what that setting should be on their own. Why do you think that is? If such a feature did have significant performance impact, you'd think they'd test a variety of configurations and tune the app appropriately. Frankly, I think it was a lame effort to emulate the mac platform by a bunch of programmers who thought in mac terms. No other PC app was like that.

      It wasn't that they couldn't figure it out, it's that there is no real solution. With WIN32 you can ask that Windows not swap you, and you can bump your priority, however, there is no guarantee your memory won't be swapped. The fact is Photoshop's memory management works very well as it knows what/when to swap.

      "Hell, ever stop to think why Photoshop still creates and uses its own swap file? Why not just use Windows VMM? Ever think about that?"

      Yeah, I've thought about it. I've even played with it by varying the PS settings for it on my Windows boxes. Love to see a thorough benchmarking of the feature since I'm not convinced it's important. It is a fact, though, that specific knowledge of an application can lead to optimizations of things like memory usage. OSes, which lack that knowledge, have a great deal of effort put into making them work well. Do you have any benchmarks that show Windows PS benefitting from the feature?

      You would be surprised, but not so when you figure out that swapping 4k pages (like Windows will) versus swapping 64k or 128k chunks of memory you are less likely to need (like Photoshop). The I/O difference is significant. For instance, Photoshop could swap, say, the undo buffer first as that is less likely to be used than the image. Stuff like that.

      "All I am saying is that OS9 was very nice for applications like Photoshop that required large blocks of memory."

      I understand that, but the bottom line is which platform actually ran Photoshop better? In recent history and up until the G5, Adobe said that the PC did due to the mac's relative lack of processor. If you recall, Abobe actually issued a press release stating that the PC was the platform of choice specifically because of performance, then they backed away from the statement when the G5 was announced. It doesn't matter that you can pin memory on OS 9. It only matters that the application runs well. According to Adobe it did not compared to the PC.

      Marketing.

      "..but any prepress person will tell you they dropped it for OS/X not by choice..."

      You mean prepress people who use macs. Professionals who used macs frequently stayed with OS 9. It was familiar and OS X had a lot of issues early in its history.

      In the 90s, all prepress was on Macintosh. That's probably still true, though I have been out of the industry for about five years, so I can't say definitively now. My guess is most, still.

      You have to understand that prepress managers are under pressure to get the job done, fast. There's enough dinking around with fonts, broken files and finicky output devices that they have no time for broken applications (like when OS/X first arrived). They knew their OS9 machines, and they knew how to be efficient with them.

      Isn't it ironic that today's macs can't run software written for macs just 7 years ago yet, through available unix DOS emulators, they may be able to run DOS apps from 25 years ago? I used to do that with my unix boxes and I'd be surprised if it didn't work on OS X.

      Yes, and this was a big hurdle early on for OS/X. But then again, it's a totally foreign OS to OS9 applications.

      -G
    16. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by sushibot · · Score: 1

      Thanks, Michael. I do understand your point, and yes, throwing more memory at the application is a good solution.

      I do not think, though, that Windows is very good about swapping. I'm still wondering why the disk cache takes precedence and can swap out my Outlook application during a backup or when copying a bunch of files. This is something I understand that is being addressed in Vista.

      -G

    17. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "It wasn't that they couldn't figure it out, it's that there is no real solution. With WIN32 you can ask that Windows not swap you, and you can bump your priority, however, there is no guarantee your memory won't be swapped."

      I understand that, but you don't need a guarantee. If the difference in settings between 50% and 90% is a few pages per second then it doesn't matter. Anyone who's performance sensitive running PS *will* have enough memory and you know that because you're pinning it in OS 9. On the PC side, enough memory means the PS tunable isn't sensitive. That's my experience.

      "You would be surprised, but not so when you figure out that swapping 4k pages (like Windows will) versus swapping 64k or 128k chunks of memory you are less likely to need (like Photoshop). The I/O difference is significant. For instance, Photoshop could swap, say, the undo buffer first as that is less likely to be used than the image. Stuff like that."

      Yes, I believe I acknowledged that already. Your hypothesizing isn't proof that there's any benefit though and I asked for benchmarks. I've profiled the NT back in the days when I developed disk controllers and *you'd* be surprised just how well it manages to produce disk I/O's larger than 4K. You're assumption that swapping produces only 4K I/O's is just that.

      "Marketing."

      Well, now you're in denial. Prior to the G5, the mac was hopelessly outclassed in processor performance and memory bandwidth.

      "In the 90s, all prepress was on Macintosh. That's probably still true, though I have been out of the industry for about five years, so I can't say definitively now."

      Now THAT'S marketing. Apple would have you believe that all creative work is done on the mac. If that were true there would be no market for PC versions of software used for those processionals.

      "...They knew their OS9 machines, and they knew how to be efficient with them."

      I think I said that already, i.e. "It was familiar and OS X had a lot of issues early in its history."

    18. Re:Can anyone say iPod? by MtViewGuy · · Score: 1

      Go out there a try to buy a PC-based computer with the Intel Core 2 Duo CPU, ATI Radeon X1xxx series graphics card, 1680x1050 (circa resolution) widescreen monitor, 1 GB of RAM, a decent sound card, dual-layer DVD burner, USB 2.0/FireWire ports, and Windows XP Professional. It'll probably cost almost as much as the Apple iMac 20" model with 1 GB of RAM.

  14. Profits by massysett · · Score: 5, Interesting

    hard to see how they'll ever really compete with MS Windows. I guess from Apple's perspective, even if their share rises from 2% to 4%,

    One CEO once said "US Steel is not in the business of making steel. We're in the business of making profits."

    Mac's market share is not the most important number. Mac's profitability is much more important.

    GM's got huge market share but is losing money. You don't see people saying "BMW will never really compete with GM."

    Just because MS' self-imposed measure of success is dominating every market with 90% share doesn't mean that this is the only metric of success.

    1. Re:Profits by maxume · · Score: 1

      Of course, they are comparable to such exciting companies as Verizon and GE in profitability.

      Given that they increase their profits chiefly by increasing their market share, I would imagine that most stockholders hope that Apple measures its success in terms of market share.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    2. Re:Profits by norman619 · · Score: 1

      Ummm... MS is also profitable. Has been for qite some time. So....

    3. Re:Profits by Znork · · Score: 1

      "Just because MS' self-imposed measure of success is dominating every market with 90% share"

      I suspect Apples resurgence is mostly due to MS appearing to drift away from the ambition to utterly wipe out any and all possible competition. A few years ago, MS would have found it more or less intolerable that anyone but them were making any profit in 'their' segments. At that point they'd do more or less anything to make it impossible to actually be profitable at all, marketshare or not.

    4. Re:Profits by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You don't see people saying "BMW will never really compete with GM."

      Maybe not GM, but here in Europe, BMW have made several attempts to enter high-volume markets. One of the most notable was the catastrophic acquisition of Rover (a failing British motor firm which at the time included the Land Rover and Mini brands) in the 1990s. Together with the acquisition of Rolls Royce (the brand, not the assets, which, in a take-over battle, were acquired instead by Volkswagen, who however only have the right to use the Bentley name), the aim was to allow BMW to produced cars in all of the major market segments.

      BMW failed spectacularly to make a success of Rover, and sold most of it off in pieces. The Mini brand was kept by BMW, but Land Rover was sold to Ford, and the rest of the Rover corpse, after attempts to revive it failed, eventually ended up in the hands of a Chinese motor firm.

      Interestingly, despite the claims in the article, high market share has often been considered essential for survival in the car industry, which is one reason BMW bought Rover in the first place. Moreover, most formerly independent luxury marques have been swallowed up by larger producers, in order to allow them to take advantage of the efficiencies that come from higher market share.

    5. Re:Profits by Bertie · · Score: 1

      Just as an aside, in the UK the BMW 3-series outsells GM's nearest competitor, the Vauxhall Vectra, by three or four to one. And yet the Vectra's perceived as the mass-market car.

    6. Re:Profits by 644bd346996 · · Score: 1

      So neither company will go down in flames anytime soon. They are still competing, but they are not fighting for their lives.

    7. Re:Profits by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Microsoft's stock been flat for the last five years since it's no longer a technology stock that zooms upward but a blue chip stock that doesn't excite anyone. Apple is still a technology stock that will be treated harshly if there's a significant mistake to spook shareholders. I wouldn't mind seeing Apple become a blue chip stock since I have both companies in my Roth IRA account.

  15. Article ends before the conclusion, sheesh by mattr · · Score: 2, Informative

    The article does not in fact give the answer! Presumably it will be unveiled in the sequel ("Coming up next...") advertised at the end of the page.

    They mention the analysts were wrong that Apple needed more Apple market not more PC market, and that some execution (Performa) was done badly. That at least is true, and why Mom had to use a PC for a while until she got back to Macs.

    Of course I was a Mac person in the 90s even though Apple had screwed me a number of times. Now Macs are better but PCs (with XP) are better too. If they can come out with Leopard this year instead of next year they will do much better at Christmastime I bet.

    1. Re:Article ends before the conclusion, sheesh by norman619 · · Score: 1

      Unless something has changed on the software venfor side I fail to see them making any real strides ino the PC market. I am a good example. I'm 3D artist, Network Aministrator, and avid gamer. Mac is not a good fit got me on the gaming side because well there is virtually no games on Mac worth playing. On the 3D artist side, the only major 3D app out for Mac is Maya and last I demoed it on a MAc is ran horribly. And since I also have to work with 3D Studio Max again Mac can no fill my needs. Now in the IT field.... Last I checked businesses were running mainly Windows, Linux, or Unix. Mac are very rare there. So again I fail to see how this will change when they haven't convinced the soiftware vendors to put out Mac ports of their applications. The application void that exists for Mac is the main problem they need to deal with. They can make the best system on the planet but it's useless if over 90% of the applications people run will not run on that system.

    2. Re:Article ends before the conclusion, sheesh by mattr · · Score: 1

      Well I am a developer and in a mainly windows world. But I would use Windows on Parallels on the new Mac laptop I'm thinking of getting. (currently I use linux). This would let me stay away from viruses. My brother is an exec. of a pc manufacturer and he does the same and recommended it. I've met a lot of programmers who have mac laptops and like it, and most video creators and artists I know, the same. However you are right in that apparently Mac on parallels is not really a gaming alternative, it is a bit slow for that. I am not a big gamer but am in the market for a high end machine and the new macs are making me think twice and three times.

    3. Re:Article ends before the conclusion, sheesh by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      Of course I was a Mac person in the 90s even though Apple had screwed me a number of times. Now Macs are better but PCs (with XP) are better too. If they can come out with Leopard this year instead of next year they will do much better at Christmastime I bet.

      From the mid '80s when the Mac came out to the mid '90s I was a Mac person as well. But in 1998 I bought my first Windows PC, boy was that a mistake, and I've been using PCs since. Now that I'm fed up with Windows PCs and I don't want to have to deal with Activation or WGA, I'm going to make my next computer a MacBook Pro. I'm just waiting until Apple releases one with the Merom Core 2 Duo cpu. It'd be nice if Leopard was released at the same tyme, but if it's a few weeks later it'll be ok as long as Apple doesn't charge more for it after only a few weeks. I'm also hoping to see stuff like Windows APIs in Leopard so Windows software can be run in Leopard without virtualization software, VMWare, Parallels, or CrossOver Mac.

      Falcon
  16. The goggles, they do nothing. by WhodoVoodoo · · Score: 1

    I didn't even bother reading TFA, as that website hardly comes close to displaying correctly in firefox. Out of curiosity, am I alone here?

    1. Re:The goggles, they do nothing. by leamanc · · Score: 1

      You may be alone here. Renders just fine in Firefox 2.0 RC3 on my MacBook Pro.

      --
      :q!
    2. Re:The goggles, they do nothing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We're all alone here, son...

    3. Re:The goggles, they do nothing. by Nicolay77 · · Score: 1

      Looks right in Opera. It also loads faster than any FF.

      --
      We are Turing O-Machines. The Oracle is out there.
    4. Re:The goggles, they do nothing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It renders fine on my Firefox 1.5.0.7. Have you updated your display drivers?

  17. I abandoned ship... by FuryG3 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    when it was clear Apple was going to take forever to deliver a next-generation OS.

    Copland gave me hope, but then they scrapped it. At that point I was a little disappointed, but was in no big hurry to switch.

    By the time Rhapsody was in the works, it was really time that Apple got a new OS. The poor multitaking and bad memory management were a pain to deal with, and I was exited that maybe there was hope. I installed a beta version of it and was quite impressed (even though there weren't many apps available).

    But then (in 1998) it, too was scraped (or transformed into OS X), and it was clear it was going to be quite a while before X came out. At that point I jumped ship over to Slackware Linux, which fulfilled pretty much all of my expectations.

    I patiently waited until recently, when I picked up a MBP and am again enjoying the Apple experience.

    1. Re:I abandoned ship... by suv4x4 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The poor multitaking and bad memory management were a pain to deal with, and I was exited that maybe there was hope. I installed a beta version of it and was quite impressed (even though there weren't many apps available).

      You know, only NOW are avid Apple users talking openly about the flaws of Mac OS Classic. I clearly remember Mac users excitedly touting the advantages of Mac OS in terms of multitasking and stability, although it was clear as a plain day Mac was falling way behind Windows.

      I also remember Windows/Unix/Linux users joking at the "always around the corner" OSX vaporware that was always getting delayed. Steve kept showing QuickTime movies of the DockBar animating, telling us "isn't it cool" and delivering nothing else.

      This is not mysteriously forgotten as Mac users now take a shot at Microsoft for their Vista delays, as if a major OS upgrade/rewrite delays are something that would never happen with Apple.

      Just a few notes on selective memory and history rewriting, I wanted to point out.

    2. Re:I abandoned ship... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      You know, only NOW are avid Apple users talking openly about the flaws of Mac OS Classic.

      Yes and no. I was an Apple (and Sun) user in the 90s, and often complained about the poor progress of Mac OS. I eventually switched to Windows NT, because it offered most of the advantages of Unix, but could also run common desktop applications. In other words, with NT, I was able to replace the Mac and the Sun with a single x86 PC that was faster, cheaper and had more software available for it than the other two combined.

      What I'm getting at is that most of those who were really bothered by the poor quality of Mac OS probably jumped ship, so the ones left behind were either not bothered by it, or too ignorant/fanatical to know/admit that it was a problem.

      Since OS X came along, I've considered Macs each time I've bought a new computer, but Macs have always seemed overpriced and underpowered. With Apple's switch to x86, a Mac was in the last group of systems I was considering last time I bought a new laptop, but I ended up going with a PC again, because of the greater flexibility in configuration.

    3. Re:I abandoned ship... by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      Sad that you can't get modded up since you're exactly right, as was the parent.

      It wasn't just users switching to NT, software houses switched platforms as well.

    4. Re:I abandoned ship... by jbolden · · Score: 1

      In large measure avid Mac users now were not Mac users in the 8.x/9.x days. There has been a very large shift in user base.

  18. Apple didn't fail. by krell · · Score: 5, Insightful

    At the beginning of the 1990s, there was an Apple Computer. At the end of the 1990s, there was still an Apple Computer. Count it as a success, considering all the companies that did not make it.

    --
    Where were you when the voynix came?
    1. Re:Apple didn't fail. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      -1 , stupid !

    2. Re:Apple didn't fail. by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      Yes, but 'Apple' is just a brand now used by the staff of NeXT who took over the company.

      Similarly, there was an old American electronic company called 'Packard-Bell' that made good electronics in the past. Ain't here no more.

    3. Re:Apple didn't fail. by jellomizer · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Apple did fail. It didn't Die but it did fail. People were switching from Macs to PC. Apple was dyeing and it would have died if it didn't change its ways. If you look at an Apple Today vs. Apple 10 years ago the differences would be Clear.

      OS X vs. Classic Mac OS, Intel Processors, Various iMac Designs, as well Laptop Designs. It is a huge change. Vs. say with PCs Same boring box, Windows 95 vs XP, not much a change. But PCs were the leader. But Apple has changed because it did fail. but to prevent it from dyeing it changed almost completely. Even the logo changed.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    4. Re:Apple didn't fail. by unitron · · Score: 4, Funny
      "...Apple was dyeing..."

      And that's what saved it, it dyed all those iMacs all those different colors.

      Speaking of different, with regard to your sig...

      Show your support for free speech by moding down people who believe differently then you. Hypocrite Hippies!

      ...That should be different than, except that it shouldn't be, because when things (including people) differ, they differ from one another.

      --

      I see even classic Slashdot is now pretty much unusable on dial up anymore.

    5. Re:Apple didn't fail. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Show your support for free speech by moding down people who believe differently then you. Hypocrite Hippies!
      also, "modding" has two D's
    6. Re:Apple didn't fail. by krell · · Score: 1

      "Similarly, there was an old American electronic company called 'Packard-Bell' that made good electronics in the past. Ain't here no more"

      It was eaten by NEC, and as far as I know, the name has been gone for several years. I'm pretty sure you can't buy a Packard Bell now. They weren't known for good electronics anyway. But you can buy Apple products.

      --
      Where were you when the voynix came?
    7. Re:Apple didn't fail. by krell · · Score: 1

      "OS X vs. Classic Mac OS"

      Excellent example of the use of the word "classic" just to mean something older. The term used to be limited to something special. It is similar to how the word "diva" is now used for any female vocalist.

      "Same boring box"
      So? Who cares? What matters is what is on the computer's screen. A can of spray paint can make any box any color anyway.

      --
      Where were you when the voynix came?
    8. Re:Apple didn't fail. by jt2377 · · Score: 0

      lol. you do remeber MS give Apple boat load of money, right? Steve Job introudced Bill Gates to all Mac fanboy.

    9. Re:Apple didn't fail. by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      Wrong. My comment zoomed right over your head. Packard-Bell was an old vacuum-tube era radio company. That is the company that isn't here any longer. I wasn't aware that the 'Packard-Bell' computer operation had shut down. The computer company just adopted the name. I think it made old farts buying computers at WalMart comfortable seeing that old name again.

      Today at an auction I bought a bakelite case table radio. It isn't a Packard-Bell, it's a Bendix. From the era I refer to. Nice old stuff.

    10. Re:Apple didn't fail. by krell · · Score: 1

      "Packard-Bell was an old vacuum-tube era radio company. That is the company that isn't here any longer."

      So they say. I remember the computer company Packard Bell invoking the radio company's name in its ads. However, I've seen many old radios over the years, and have gone over many old radio magazines, and have never seen anything from this older company. I also doubt that this older Packard Bell was ever known as an "electronics company" either. In whatever name, I'm glad its gone again. The name was just too close to other things. I remember the time when Packard Bell was a major national computer company, and when I heard the name of the regional phone company "pacbell" (abbreviation for Pacific Bell), I had to think twice a few times. And you can only imagine what the name result would have been if Hewlett-Packard had somehow merged with Dell at one time.

      --
      Where were you when the voynix came?
    11. Re:Apple didn't fail. by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      I find plenty of links and references on google, using 'packard-bell radio.' They appear to be rare birds, though.

      One link with lots of photos of nice old radios says By 1933, Herb Bell had formed Packard-Bell in the frame about an earlier Jackson-Bell Company set.

      Old radios are cool! I picked up a streamline-bakelite case 'Bendix Avionics Company' radio this past weekend at an estate auction.

  19. cloning by gEvil+(beta) · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Something to mention about why the clones failed--Apple paid for all of the R&D costs while the clone-makers were the ones benefitting. In the x86/Windows world, R&D costs are generally spread out amongst the chip and board manufacturers. With Apple in the mid-90s, almost all of the R&D costs were squarely shouldered by Apple. The clones all used the reference board designs, even down to the add-in HPV video cards used in the 1st gen PPC machines. Now that they've moved to the x86 architecture, a lot of the costs are spread back out to other manufacturers. This time around, cloning might be possible, although they'd lose a bit of money from their very respectable hardware margins.

    --
    This guy's the limit!
    1. Re:cloning by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "The clones all used the reference board designs, even down to the add-in HPV video cards used in the 1st gen PPC machines."

      That's true of PCs as well. IBM did those reference designs. That's not the difference.

      Back when PCs began being cloned, IBM had a dominant position selling to business, it enjoyed a quality reputation, and it had high margins that created an umbrella for clone makers to operate under. A clone was considered to cost less but be of lesser quality and was not serious competition for IBM in many of its markets. Despite IBM machines being slower and costing more, there were compelling reasons to buy them anyway. Apple got beat by its clones because Apple was slower and cost more PLUS many believed that the clones were every bit as good as any Apple. That was likely true by then. Apple's clones were better clones that the PC ones in the early days and the margins weren't as high. Apple simply waited too late to open its platform. It may have failed at that in any case.

  20. Re:Behold the power of the journalist by x2A · · Score: 1

    Coming up next: why journalists failed in the 90s!

    Or perhaps a journalists job is to report on what's happened, not stuff that hasn't happened.

    --
    The revolution will not be televised... but it will have a page on Wikipedia
  21. Re:Behold the power of the journalist by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    >After Columbus discovered America, everyone and his dog can give 1001
    > reasons why columbus has succeeded. Where were these expects before then?

    Actually he failed.
    His goal was to reach India (to establish trade os spices/etc through sea).
    He end up in Caribbean islands with no spices to trade (he found some gold there
    tho it was not much).

    King John II of Portugal refused to sponsor him based in the advise from a council of astronomers and seamen (they said Colombo's calculations of longitude were wrong).
    So I guess the experts were in King's John II court.

  22. Apple didn't fail, they are still here... by Hymer · · Score: 1

    There have been many companies that have failed during the 90-ties... the greatest loss propably beeing Digital.
      Apple did survive and they are now in a better position than they've been in the last 10 years... and it really doesn't matter if it is caused by a mp3 player or by the move to Unix.

    --

    Tru64, propably the best UNIX in the world... too bad some jerks killed it.

  23. Cold truth by Kyokugenryu · · Score: 0, Troll

    I don't think their future really is that bright at all. Their future may be extremely bright - to the people already in the cult of Mac - but to your everyday Windows user? They couldn't care less what Apple is doing outside of iPods and iTunes. I do roving computer repair, and I've yet to come across someone who's even asked me about a Mac yet. Lots of people have iPods and don't even know Apple still makes computers. While I'm sure no extreme is as true as is made out (Apple has no future vs. Taking over MS's #1 spot), I think Apple will remain in its niche for quite a while.

    1. Re:Cold truth by perlchild · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If my computer help days are any indication, J Random User expects YOU to tell him about Macs, no matter how unsatisfied he is, he will NOT try to learn about the alternatives. He will just bitch and moan about how expensive it gets to maintain this computer, while trying not to spend a cent more than he has to, and hoping he could just junk it. When non-techies have a bad experience buying technology, they don't assign blame to themselves(for making the wrong choice) or to the maker of the technology(since for them it's all the same). They blame technology in general. As a better educated user, you can(if you are so inclined) let them know the experience can vary with the provider, and not despair. You can also share stories, either of what worked for you, or what didn't. Some of it may even be good business for you(they might pay you to install them a Mac). Then again, Macs tend to be lower-support than PCs, especially on AppleCare YMMV.

  24. Commodity Hardware by Locarius · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The 90s and early 00s were a time of commodity hardware. In these new days of proprietary form factors and integrated sound/video/everything people have resigned themselves to the fact that they will not be upgrading specific hardware components during the life of their machine and are getting a Mac.

  25. the accident by commodoresloat · · Score: 1

    They accidentally spilled blue paint on the iMac prototype... the rest is history.

  26. You are blind by Per+Abrahamsen · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Because it is not really a technology news site, it started as a blog (before the word was coined), and developed into a community site. There are plenty of technology news sites that pretend to be objective. They are boring. Why should /. immitate them, when it has been pretty successful doing what it does?

    1. Re:You are blind by lahi · · Score: 1

      1277? Or 1397?

      -Lasse

  27. It wasn't just Apple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    It wasn't just Apple. Nearly all of the integrated PC manufacturers, meaning those who developed integrated systems, from the hardware (in some cases including the CPU) through to the OS, either collapsed or nearly collapsed in the 90s. The reasons, of course, were first that Intel continued to increase the price/performance of its x86 architecture, leaving most RISC systems offering either worse performance, or only marginally better performance (at much higher prices), and second that Microsoft continued to improve Windows 3.x, in particular taking advantage of the revolutionary (for x86) improvements provided by the i386. Microsoft also released Windows NT, an OS architecturally comparable to Unix, but with a much lower price (than commercial Unix systems).

    One notable exception to the shakeout of the early 90s was Sun Microsystems, largely because of its OS, but when Linux eventually caught on, Sun started to implode too.

    On the whole, I think Apple supporters are far too harsh in their criticism of Sculley. In most ways, the original Mac was no match for its competitors, not only the Intel/Microsoft PC, but also other 68k-based competitors like the Amiga. The first Mac that really did outshine the competition was the Mac II in 1987. It was expensive, but unlike the original Mac, it offered state-of-the-art hardware. The core OS was still rather poor, but the GUI was amongst the better ones in the market.

    Sculley's big mistake was joining forces with IBM and Motorola in the PowerPC debacle, but almost everyone at the time (apart from Intel) thought Risc was the future, and that the x86 would die, so it's hard to criticise him for that. If Apple had gone with x86, it could have continued to offer premium PCs (much as it did in the late 80s, and dies today), and channelled all of the money wasted on the PowerPC into developing a modern OS, as Microsoft had done with NT.

    Apple's real problems came under Spindler, who tried to turn Apple into a producer of low-cost, high-volume systems (something Steve Jobs supposedly wanted to do with the original Mac as well), which is a business model that can't sustain the high R&D costs associated with developing a custom OS (and hardware, although Apple has gradually moved out of that market in most respects). All that happened was that Apple was reduced to offering inferior hardware at higher prices than competitors. With the switch to x86, Apple has finally caught up with Intel PCs (Macs are basically Intel PCs with stylish enclosures and a trendy OS), but is unlikely to ever be able to offer superior hardware again, as it did in the late 80s. That's simply the reality of a market where specialisation has made it impracticable to build integrated systems.

    1. Re:It wasn't just Apple by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      "Sculley's big mistake was joining forces with IBM and Motorola in the PowerPC debacle, but almost everyone at the time (apart from Intel) thought Risc was the future, and that the x86 would die, so it's hard to criticise him for that."

      I really agree with that. As an engineer at a PC company at that time (and before that) it was commonly believed that the x86 would run out of gas by the 486, but by the time of the PowerPC effort it had become clear that the x86 could remain competitive through superior engineering effort (and Intel had the money for it). While the PowerPC made curious tradeoffs of performance versus cost, it became increasingly clear that the x86 would be the eventual winner regardless of who the competitor was. PC makers knew it. Apple did not.

    2. Re:It wasn't just Apple by GrahamCox · · Score: 1

      Sculley's big mistake was joining forces with IBM and Motorola in the PowerPC debacle, but almost everyone at the time (apart from Intel) thought Risc was the future...

      This wasn't a mistake, even in hindsight. The PowerPC roadmaps showed significant performance benefits over the x86 line over a ten year timeline. While the x86 did keep up better than expected, and making ten year predictions is all but impossible, the PPC DID have generally better performance than the x86 right up until about 2002. Clock for clock, the PPC could do about twice as much processing as an x86. This advantage is even more clear if you consider performance per watt. As a friend of mine remarked when he first saw by 2001 iBook - "How come the power supply is so small? Why does mine [Pentium laptop] need this housebrick?". The only reason x86 caught up and eventually passed PPC was a) they switched to a totally different (and very PPC-like) architecture and b) the AIM alliance stopped investing in new PPC designs for the desktop, because their most lucrative markets were in the embedded sector, where the PPC architecture was more than adequately powerful for those applications. Sculley did exactly the right thing, and we all breathed a sigh of relief. Switching to x86 back then would not have been technically possible given the legacy of the Mac OS - something that was a sort of 68k++ was needed, and that's exactly what PPC was.

      I agree though, that Spindler was the real villain of the piece.

    3. Re:It wasn't just Apple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This wasn't a mistake, even in hindsight. The PowerPC roadmaps showed significant performance benefits over the x86 line over a ten year timeline. While the x86 did keep up better than expected, and making ten year predictions is all but impossible, the PPC DID have generally better performance than the x86 right up until about 2002. Clock for clock, the PPC could do about twice as much processing as an x86.

      I don't buy it. In the widely respected SPEC CPU benchmarks, IBM never managed to achieve any PowerPC integer results that were significantly better than equivalent x86 results. In fact, the PowerPC usually lagged behind. The floating-point results were another matter, with the PowerPC performing quite well, but floating-point performance is irrelevant for normal applications. Not only that, but throughout the 90s, Macs were also hit by the emulation penalty, so could never be as fast as the IBMs running AIX that were struggling to match Intel on the integer side.

      This advantage is even more clear if you consider performance per watt. As a friend of mine remarked when he first saw by 2001 iBook - "How come the power supply is so small? Why does mine [Pentium laptop] need this housebrick?".

      The main reason Apple's laptops used less power is because they were so much slower (and there's a huge variation in the size of power supplies used by x86 laptops, depending on which CPU is installed, how high its clock speed is, etc.). The fact that Apple couldn't produce a decent laptop with the PowerPCs on offer was probably the biggest reason Jobs finally switched to x86. (The G5 is a decent desktop CPU.)

      The only reason x86 caught up and eventually passed PPC was a) they switched to a totally different (and very PPC-like) architecture and b) the AIM alliance stopped investing in new PPC designs for the desktop, because their most lucrative markets were in the embedded sector, where the PPC architecture was more than adequately powerful for those applications.

      The x86 quickly caught up with, and then surpassed the PowerPC for two reasons. The first is that CISC code is more compact than RISC (owing to variable-length instructions), and memory performance improved much more slowly than CPU performance. The second is that Intel proved it was possible to make use of most of the design improvements in RISC CPUs without actually adopting a RISC instruction set. Intel's designers simply added hardware to convert the complex instructions into RISC-like micro-instructions which were then executed. Intel's new core was 'RISC-like', not especially 'PowerPC-like' (not that that even matters).

      Sculley did exactly the right thing, and we all breathed a sigh of relief. Switching to x86 back then would not have been technically possible given the legacy of the Mac OS - something that was a sort of 68k++ was needed, and that's exactly what PPC was.

      The PowerPC wasn't anything like a 68k++, it was a totally different architecture, and of course it would have been technically possible to have ported Mac OS to the x86. NEXTSTEP was ported from the 68k to the x86. NT was ported from MIPS to the x86, and later the PowerPC, with no trouble at all. What was difficult was porting an OS from the x86 to a RISC architecture, if that OS made use of a lot of x86-specific features. OS/2 was the perfect example such an OS, which is why IBM had so much trouble trying to port it to PowerPC.

    4. Re:It wasn't just Apple by GrahamCox · · Score: 1

      You talk a lot of crap, none of which merits a response. Except this bit:

      floating-point performance is irrelevant for normal applications

      Just wrong, wrong, wrong. Most apps heavily use fp. That's why any decent machine has had either a floating point coprocessor in it (when they used to be separate) or on-board fp or vector units. It still might be true in the Windoze world that e.g. graphics are all integer based, but for doing really good graphics (e.g. Quartz) or 3D, you need fp. And if your fp performance is up there, apps will use it; if it isn't they'll use integer or fixed point to work around it.

    5. Re:It wasn't just Apple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You talk a lot of crap, none of which merits a response. Except this bit:

      floating-point performance is irrelevant for normal applications

      Just wrong, wrong, wrong. Most apps heavily use fp. That's why any decent machine has had either a floating point coprocessor in it (when they used to be separate) or on-board fp or vector units. It still might be true in the Windoze world that e.g. graphics are all integer based, but for doing really good graphics (e.g. Quartz) or 3D, you need fp. And if your fp performance is up there, apps will use it; if it isn't they'll use integer or fixed point to work around it.

      This from someone who actually thinks PowerPC is some sort of '68k++'.

      I'd suggest learning a bit about computers before trying to argue about things you clearly don't understand. In particular, you might want to take a look at the PowerPC and 68k ISAs. Next, you might want to try actually profiling some applications, to measure the extent to which the FPU is exercised. You'll quickly learn that graphics is mostly handled by the GPU (which can do a much better job of it than the FPU), whilst virtually all other computations are done by the ALU.

  28. WHAT!?!?!? by lostngone · · Score: 0

    WHAT!! Apple went out of business is the 90's?!?! Have I been having a delusion for that long? I can not believe how real it felt I can even almost remember seeing TV commercials advertising something call a iPod from Apple. Now that you mention it does seem pretty silly come on, iPod what kind of silly name is that. Thanks for telling me. Now I can go get help for my delusion.

  29. Because by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Back then they didn't have good stuff.

    Apple has improved.
    * Their marketing has gotten very much better than before.
    * Now they have Mac OS X which is a Unix and therefor attract many geeks.
    * People are getting more sick of Microsoft and Apple is seen as a viable alternative?
    * Their iMac was horribly ugly with the computer built-into the screen. The new Mac Pro with aluminum case is cool.

  30. Definition of PC by StormReaver · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "They couldn't run DOS or Windows, which was the definition of PC ever since IBM applied the letters to its first home computer."

    This is where I stopped reading, and knew that the author was talking out of his ass. There was never a hard and fast (and agreed upon) definition of a PC, with the sole exception of what that first letter means: Personal.

    The notion that a PC wasn't a PC unless it ran MS-DOS is ludicrous to say the least. PC was an attempt at a brand name rather than a generic description, but that isn't how it actually worked. The term PC instantly came to describe a class of computer that could be purchased by individual consumers. I had personal computers from Radio Shack (CoCo 2 and 3) which didn't run MS-DOS long before I had a personal computer from an IBM compatible reseller.

    Several years ago, I booted up my old CoCo 3 and found that the BASIC ROM had a Microsoft copyright. So it's easy to argue that RS-DOS (Radio Shack DOS) was really MS-DOS in disguise. The RS-DOS BASIC syntax was remarkably similar to GW-BASIC. But I hardly ever ran from RS-DOS after getting Microware's OS/9. If you want to see just how pathetic MSDOS+IBM were for the time, fire up an IBM clone running MS-DOS and the CoCo 3 running OS/9 Level 2. The latter cleanly blow the doors (and Windows) off the former.

    1. Re:Definition of PC by VGPowerlord · · Score: 1

      You could argue that, but I'm sure someone would quickly point out that a BASIC interpretter isn't an operating system.

      The Commodore 128 also mentions Microsoft BASIC on its startup screen. Does this mean that its software is compatible with the Coco's software? (Hint: No)

      --
      GLaDOS for President 2016! "Well here we are again. It's always such a pleasure." -- GLaDOS, 2011
    2. Re:Definition of PC by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      There was never a hard and fast (and agreed upon) definition of a PC, with the sole exception of what that first letter means: Personal.
      So there was a big controversy over the second letter? I always thought it meant "Computer."

      The ambiguity comes from whether you consider the term PC to refer to "personal computers", which would include the Mac, among others, or the term PC to refer to (IBM) PC (compatible), which is common when you're talking about "PCs vs. Macs". In context, it's not at all confusing which is which, and arguing about it is just pedantic quibbling.

      (The third possibility is that PC is for "political correctness", in which case the speaker is a clueless retard.)
  31. Logo by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The single greatest reason mac has done better in this decade than before is because they created a cool looking logo, where as the old rainbow one was very boring and 80s. Apple has turned itself into a style/fashion brand, and that logo is responsible (along with putting "i" in front of their products). If the iMac and iPod had still had the old rainbow logo, I bet they would have been commercial flops.

  32. no neighborhood culture by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    It's always been much harder to be your own local apple store as opposed to being a local whitebox PC store. Apple had some rather hefty fees associated with retailing new products and aftermarket was dismal as well. For a long time they didn't even offer one penny discount to retailers, nada, although requiring a 50 grand bond/weird sales license deal IIRC and imposing severe restrictions on the sales, etc. The scrambling local vendor who jumped through that expensive hoops then got the privelege of paying full retail for his units and add ons (few anyway) from Apple, then had to try and make it with Apple inc undercutting their price via their online or at the end of the telephone store! Yes, it could and has beeen done to be a local neighborhood mac store, but it was and is still very difficult and expensive and mostly doesn't exist. They failed to take advantage of the local neighborhhod aspect.

        It's hard to buy an apple when you can't even see one any place for sale near you. This is 2006, I can go to various cities near me that have computer stores large and small, from big department stores that offer computers *blahmart, etc, and then like office depot, etc, to the smallest whitebox shop, maybe going on two dozen stores now locally to me in three different cities in a 20 mile diameter, and not a single mac for sale. It's unobtainium, and people aren't going to go out of their way to try and track it down and drop serious cash when they have right at their fingertips a huge variety of shapes sizes colors and functions and prices of computers they can just grab and go home. I can go out right now and get a used "$99 full bundle-internet ready!" package locally to me (which isn't all that bad a deal either usually there is so much good enough used stuff on the market), all the way to some high end stuff or custom built to order-but no macs, none.

    1. Re:no neighborhood culture by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      The scrambling local vendor who jumped through that expensive hoops then got the privelege of paying full retail for his units and add ons (few anyway) from Apple, then had to try and make it with Apple inc undercutting their price via their online or at the end of the telephone store!

      What on earth are you talking about? Until 1997, Apple did no reselling whatsoever. You could buy the "Performa" line in big box stores, or you could buy real Macs (Power Macs, Quadras, PowerBooks) from authorized vendors. There was NO online store, NO telephone store, NO direct channel whatsoever. If you were a local Apple shop, you had NO competition whatsoever. You could charge whatever you wanted on a PowerBook, and nobody could undercut you (unless there was another local Apple shop in your town.

      About 1997, Apple realized that most of those local shops were gouging their captive markets, and opened an online store like Dell's.

      It's hard to buy an apple when you can't even see one any place for sale near you. This is 2006, I can go to various cities near me that have computer stores large and small, from big department stores that offer computers *blahmart, etc, and then like office depot, etc, to the smallest whitebox shop, maybe going on two dozen stores now locally to me in three different cities in a 20 mile diameter, and not a single mac for sale. It's unobtainium, and people aren't going to go out of their way to try and track it down and drop serious cash when they have right at their fingertips a huge variety of shapes sizes colors and functions and prices of computers they can just grab and go home.

      Which explains why Dell is not selling any PCs. "Buy Direct." Who are they kidding? Who would ever buy a PC online? It'll never work, I tell you.

      Nevermind that you can touch, grope, and drool over a Mac at any CompUSA, Fry's, J&R, ABT, university computer store, or an actual Apple store in every major city. Apple just isn't going for the $400-PC walmart crowd.

    2. Re:no neighborhood culture by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      It's hard to buy an apple when you can't even see one any place for sale near you. This is 2006, I can go to various cities near me that have computer stores large and small, from big department stores that offer computers *blahmart, etc, and then like office depot, etc, to the smallest whitebox shop, maybe going on two dozen stores now locally to me in three different cities in a 20 mile diameter, and not a single mac for sale.

      I haven't been to that many computer stores but there are at least three none Apple stores within several miles of me that have Macs as well as two apple stores that I know of within maybe 10 miles.

      Falcon
  33. If Apple had just sold an OS with any Computer by ac7xc · · Score: 0, Redundant

    Microsoft would be a another failed Software company, but by tying their OS to only their equipment they squandered their ability to be the number one software company in the world. If tomorrow they made their OS X available to run on any Intel type processors they would take 50% of the computer market in one year. Prove me wrong Apple, try it.

    1. Re:If Apple had just sold an OS with any Computer by drsmithy · · Score: 1

      If tomorrow they made their OS X available to run on any Intel type processors they would take 50% of the computer market in one year.

      You're dreaming. *IF* they could convince a major OEM to "prefer" OS X, they might be able to get close to that figure in 5 years.

      That's assuming Microsoft did nothing in the interim.

    2. Re:If Apple had just sold an OS with any Computer by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      If tomorrow they made their OS X available to run on any Intel type processors they would take 50% of the computer market in one year. Prove me wrong Apple, try it.

      If Apple sold OSX for any computer Apple would see a big drop in hrdware sales. Apple did allow Mac clones but they lost more in reduced hardware sales than they made in sales of MacOS, Apple isn't only a software company they are also a hardware company. Here's a list of companies that made Mac clones.

      Falcon
  34. Um no. by nurb432 · · Score: 1

    Price / perfomance / quality ratio was never an issue.

    Corporate direction? Ok, ill buy that.

    --
    ---- Booth was a patriot ----
    1. Re:Um no. by jandrese · · Score: 1

      You mean the Centris machines? I remember those being rather overpriced for their performance, many of them were even bad road Apples. Even more, Apple was being undercut by the clone manufacturers. While I'm still not sure opening up the market to the clones was a terrible idea, it is obvious that it hurt Apple bottom line in the 90s.

      --

      I read the internet for the articles.
  35. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 3, Insightful

    When you watch Star Trek, you root for the Borg, don't you? Admit it, you admire their efficiency and lack of self-importance.

    Since you made some generalizations about me as a Mac owner, I'll make some about you: You think that public art is a "waste of money" and you usually "don't get it". You can't imagine why someone would spend extra money for a prettier car. There should only be two types of cars on the market: Dodge Caravans (for folks with kids) and Honda Civics. You don't understand fashion and wouldn't ever just buy a shirt that you saw because you liked it - you would only buy it if you had some pre-existing need for a shirt. You hate people in business suits, but you also hate people who dress "differently" from societal norms: punks, goths, artists, etc.

    That's fine - diversity is what makes humanity so interesting. Some of us like to enjoy our pointless existence for the short time that we're here, and others of us are border-line autistic.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  36. Apple has 3% of the deskop, Linux has less than 1% by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0



    Apple has 3% of the deskop still, Linux has less than 1% still, so which failed, exactly?

  37. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by VGPowerlord · · Score: 1

    It's easier to maintain system stability when you write all the drivers.

    It's easier to write drivers when you limit the hardware support. Unfortunately, the other side of that scale is market potential...

    --
    GLaDOS for President 2016! "Well here we are again. It's always such a pleasure." -- GLaDOS, 2011
  38. Aplle: the biggest failure ever! by Venerable+Vegetable · · Score: 1

    Slashdot apple summary:
    If not for their hardware Apple would have failed in the past, is failing now and will be failing in the future. Their products were almost killed, are being killed and certainly will be killed unless they stop making hardware now and WHAT IF NONE CARED???

  39. Re:Marketing style over substance? by ccmay · · Score: 1
    You think that public art is a "waste of money" and you usually "don't get it".

    I've been a loyal Mac owner since 1989, and I heartily agree that public art is a waste of money.

    -ccm

    --
    Too much Law; not enough Order.
  40. THERE IS A DEEPER REASON APPLE SURVIVES by rogerborn · · Score: 1, Informative

    This, from a novel written in the late Nineties - about the real reason Apple and the Mac exists.

    MARY R147

    GO HERE if that link is overwhelmed

    People do not expect this kind of thing, but it very well may be true on a completely different level, which exists beyond the thinking of most everyone else.

    Is there any validity to this? If it is true, it changes everything, because it means that the current success of the Mac, iPod and OS X comes from a very unexpected place. You would almost have to watch HEROES to get a clue about where it comes from.

    I know you may think this borders lunatic fringe territory, but you owe it to yourself to at least consider it.

    ~ 'Ro'ger 'Bor'n '' '''' '
    "Glad to have gotten this off my chest. Your mileage may vary."

    1. Re:THERE IS A DEEPER REASON APPLE SURVIVES by eobanb · · Score: 1

      Whoever modded this 'informative' needs to actually read the story. Stevo said patiently, "Lets do this by the numbers, OK? What is your name?" A few microseconds passed. "I am Mary R147. I am a fully functional Exotic model Macintosh running OS 20.1.3, and I am currently connected by ultra radio wave to the Macintosh Continuum."

      --

      Take off every sig. For great justice.

    2. Re:THERE IS A DEEPER REASON APPLE SURVIVES by rogerborn · · Score: 1


      eobanb ~

      i would mod it weird myself . . .

      but at least it is more entertaining (and informative) than a lot of the highly informed comments on this thread, right?

      =)

      regards,
      rog
      "sig? nope. i got nothin"

    3. Re:THERE IS A DEEPER REASON APPLE SURVIVES by rogerborn · · Score: 1


      BTW, the first link has the whole story - a novella. the second link only has the first chapter.

      it is a bit dated, but back in the late nineties, it seemed spot on.

      at least you can enjoy the suprise zinger ending on the long version
      which touches the whole paradigm of the human/computer interface . . .

      rgds,
      rgr

    4. Re:THERE IS A DEEPER REASON APPLE SURVIVES by caramuru · · Score: 1

      Bill Joy warned us about this.

  41. Article /.'d by Falcon611 · · Score: 1

    From the article;

    "Service Temporarily Unavailable
    The server is temporarily unable to service your request due to maintenance downtime or capacity problems. Please try again later.
    Apache/1.3.33 Server at www.roughlydrafted.com Port 80" ...anyone have a copy/summary?

  42. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You do have to admire the borg, effiecentcy is everything.

    Now, i am not the person you posted for, but ill just assume i was, since i wouuld root for the borg, was that crappy show about the borg at all.

    To start with, public art is a waste of money. There is absolutely nothing to get, most of it is just ugly, serves absolutely no purpose, and bring absolutely nothing but to waste money. And personally, i cant imagine why anyone would even pay for any car, they are all ugly, even the "pretty" ones as some say, are just dont right a sin upon this world. And if i saw something i like, i would buy it. Sadly, there is nothing i like about cloths. They are all hideos, and i cant wait every night when i get to take them off and bath in the cold air around by skin. And, i do hate punks, goths, people in suits, and even social norms. For one, the ones that want to be "diffrent" are morons, if everyone was not jumping off a clif, they would, just to say they are diffrent. All the makeup they were is just dont right sinful. Sadly, social norms require all sorts of makeup and jewlery that make people look ridickulous, weather they be punk, goth, or suits. And your right aboout the short time we are here, which, i blame soley oon thhe suits, and the rest of society for destroying Earth and making life on this rock shorter and shorter.

  43. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    That's fine by itself - it was part of an overall picture that I was painting. I still think that you have no soul :) If you are familiar with Philadelphia, what about the game pieces all over the city hall annex? The giant clothespin across from city hall. The broken button on Penn's campus. The LOVE sign at the foot of the Ben Franklin Parkway? The fountain behind the LOVE sign or at Logan Circle? The international flags that line the Parkway? For that matter, the "Thinker" replica or the art museum itself. The pointless little "Water Works" park or the lights on Boat House Row. The city would not have the same tourist draw if not for these pieces of public art. People actually come to Philly and then walk around endlessly snapping pictures of this stuff. I'd use New York as an example, but I'm kind of new here and only know about the Statue of Liberty and the big hole in the ground :)

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  44. So what? by Corwn+of+Amber · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Okay. Same story, my vision:

    At some point in the eighties, Steve Jobs told the rest of Apple "Okay, so we're gonna build really nice computers, shaped as cubes, running a *BSD, and charge a metric assload of $ for them."
    Anwser : "You're fired."

    Steve goes a little away and sets up a company to do just that... ... and ends up with an underpowered (for what only its OS was needing) machine, but a Real Nice one, for "only" $5000 (or was it $7000? With its printer, maybe. Can't remember off the top of my head.) It was a cube running a really nice Unix...
    He never could sell enough of them to turn any sort of profit whatsoever, even when he finally equipped them with enough RAM to do something useful, though. He tried to make a pizza-box version, too, which was better (and nicer looking IMO).

    While that company was going from Good Idea to Bankruptcy(sp?), Apple was following, what with that crazy idea for a hardware vendor to let other make *cheaper* clones... the idea not to cut their prices as a logical consequence was not a good one either...

    Then with NeXt almost dead and Apple not far away from their Final Doom either, they call Steve back to save them. Then he says "And NOW we're gonna do what I'm saying and get it RIGHT this time", and goes on "and we're gonna make those cubes running BSD, and..." ... we all know the rest : iMacs, iPod+iTunes, and now i686mac.

    --
    Making laws based on opinions that stem up from false informations leads to witch hunts.
  45. Yes, but... by hcdejong · · Score: 1

    Does TFA use the word 'beleaguered'? (/.'ed already, so can't check) No Apple-is/was-in-trouble article can be taken seriously without it.

    1. Re:Yes, but... by GrahamCox · · Score: 1

      I've noticed that the meeja have lately started to refer to Apple as "Apple, the IT giant". So some things do change!

  46. How did this get on Slashdot? by mmeister · · Score: 4, Interesting

    As someone who has been an Apple developer since 1989, the assertions made in this article are ludicrous at best. They show signs of someone that has perhaps read about the company's history, but not been involved with them in any significant way (nor was it researched with any depth).

    That this meaningless trash makes it onto Slashdot and Digg simply amazes me.

    1. Re:How did this get on Slashdot? by ABoerma · · Score: 1

      "That this meaningless trash makes it onto Slashdot and Digg simply amazes me."

      You must be new here.

  47. I think i figured it out... by anothy · · Score: 1

    ...Jobs wasn't there. next question?

    --

    i speak for myself and those who like what i say.
  48. My take (was: Re:no neighborhood culture) by cabarius · · Score: 1

    You bring up the issue of retailing which I am surprised that no one else has touched on yet. I think one thing that has been huge for Apple has been the Apple retail stores. People buy iPods for various reasons and then when they go to the mall or when their spouses drag them to the mall they see hey it's an Apple store let's go in. They encounter a different shopping experience than what you get at Best Buy, Fry's, Circuit Sh*tty, etc. It kind of drives home the BMW kind of cache to the products. I have more detailed thoughts about why Apple failed in the 90s and turned things around in the past 5 years but I'll post that on a seperate thread.

  49. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wow. Statistically, you are what is referred to as "an outlier." It's exceedingly rare to meet someone that has no interest at least one of the following: clothing, automobiles, public art, cliques, or personal appearance.

  50. Why Apple Failed in the 90s by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    who cares??

  51. And windows 95 wasn't a turd? by slagell · · Score: 1

    Windows sucked just as much at the time. It was just the marketing and the fact that it was overpriced. To be so much more expnsive, they really needed to offer something more. And they didn't at the time.

  52. This dude said this about Apple..... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yeah, the dude from a certain large PC manufacturer was in my office telling me that Apple have been making losses on their hardware for years.. they are apparently only making money from iPod sales. Without iPod sales they would be in the pits.

    Surely that's not true!

    1. Re:This dude said this about Apple..... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      That's a bunch of complete and total horseshit. Apple's hardware margins are the envy of the industry-- even in the darkest days of the late 90s, Apple still made a pretty penny on the boxes they sold. They just weren't selling very many. I can't find the article I read earlier this week, but I believe their revenue breakdown this quarter was 60% from computer sales and 40% from iPod sales.

      Everyone else is killing themselves to cut expenses so their boxes can be a couple bucks cheaper than the next guy while still eking out some profit. That's why their hardware feels cheap and why their first-line tech support is outsourced to script monkeys sitting in call centers on the other side of the globe, and why their customer satisfaction ratings have taken a nosedive in recent years.

  53. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I still think that you have no soul

    Maybe it isn't that he has no soul; maybe he just thinks it is more important to solve little problems like people starving in the streets and not being able to buy their medications before resources are expended on statues of politicians, "Piss Christ", and other random works of publicly supported art. I guess I can't really speak for him, but that is certainly how I feel. Every time I see public art, Christmas decorations, government-participation in parades, I grinch about it. I just can't see the government holding any legitimate position costing even one dollar in any non-critical activity, no matter if it is supposedly for the benefit of the citizens or not, until it has well and truly addressed all of the critical activities that it has been tasked with with regard to its base responsibilities.

    I bought my first Mac (a PPC Mini) because a knowledgeable friend took the time to show me that her Mac worked better (a lot better!) than the two OS's I was running at the time: Windows XP and Red Hat linux. I was losing time screwing with things I didn't really have time to screw with just trying to get mundane business tasks accomplished. I'm buying my second Mac (an Intel MacBook) this week to replace my Windows laptop, which finally went nipples north. One reason I'm buying it is because the Mini lived up to the manufacturer's claims both in reliability and in functionality. I am looking forward to the MacBook and I expect to have a similar experience, despite being a pretty cynical person when you get right down to it.

    Certainly it has nothing to do with "art." Do I appreciate how pretty the Mac interface is? Sure. But that wasn't a factor in going Mac. I was won over by the smooth integration of multiple languages in applications like OmniOutliner and 100% support for that by the OS; by the complete lack of need to mess with low level Unix issues; by the speed and fluidity and consistency of the interface; by the continual experience of having things "just work" (it may sound hackneyed and fanboyish, but that is the nature of the experience — OSX is as far from running windows as flying a plane on autopilot compares to hand-flying it.) It beats Windows in resistance to malware by orders of magnitude, and it beats Linux by never requiring me to screw with compiling some package or watching Gnome screw up repeatedly, losing my network connections.

    There are lots of good reasons to go Mac, I could go on all day about things that I feel have worked out better for me with the Mac, no doubt boring some and annoying the rest. The bottom line hasn't anything to do with art, no matter how long I were to go on. It's simply (or maybe not so simply) a better product, and it won me over based on that. The applications I need are there, and that pretty much closes the case.

    And as for your lauding tourism in Philadelphia... If you want to draw tourists, that's a task that it is primarily aimed at benefiting businesses. Therefore, those businesses that will benefit (and not all will) should be paying for it. Not the poor homeowners on the outskirts.

    This is very similar to small town sports. The schools (hence, including the kid's parents and the old people in town) spend huge sums of money on everything from custom busses to playing fields. The kids play the same games they could have played in a field of grass, in jeans or shorts. The games begin, the visitors from the next town show up, and the local businesses see an upswing in sales. Those specific businesses ought to be paying for that, not the poor schlep of a homeowner.

    These are areas where the government has been co-opted by interests that are not legitimate areas for it to focus, IMHO. Private support is the way to go for both art and sports above the level of casual social interaction or for exercise; and to that you can add parks, monuments, and any state-sponsored museums that might creep in here

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  54. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    Not a lot of interest in English, either... I think "dont right" means "downright" in that impassioned screed, but I wouldn't swear to it. :/

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  55. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1
    And your right aboout the short time we are here, which, i blame soley oon thhe suits, and the rest of society for destroying Earth and making life on this rock shorter and shorter.

    Your opinions aside (which you are certainly welcome to) this is an area you are simply wrong about. Life spans are increasing, especially in the last century or so. Some of the increase in average span comes from the steep drop in infant mortality, but there are real gains in the ages people are living to, and the quality of life they experience at those advanced ages. I think you need to do a little research here before you continue blaming suits and society for an effect that you have not accurately characterized.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  56. RoughlyDrafted is mostly good stuff by KH2002 · · Score: 1

    I'm also a longtime Mac user, and have spotted the occasional howler at RoughlyDrafted, but overall, I think he's been successful at packaging up history in an interesting way. It's a topic lots of us are interested in, so a little redundancy isn't a bad thing. I look forward to reading his new installments.

  57. Re:Marketing style over substance? by iamacat · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    You can't imagine why someone would spend extra money for a prettier car. There should only be two types of cars on the market: Dodge Caravans (for folks with kids) and Honda Civics.

    Well, personally I have no idea why would someone drive around in a symbol of Abu Ghraib or dead bodies in New Orleans Superdome. Honda Civic is the prettiest car right now, because it's a hybrid accessible to the masses, unlike ultra-compact or experimental electric cars. On the other hand, if you regularly travel with more than 4 companions or with lots of gear, Dodge Caravan has good fuel efficiency for its class. Ivory is pretty too, but I think I will pass.

  58. disaster or an education? by johnpaul191 · · Score: 1

    as a long-time Mac user i remember some fallout of the clones. if i remember right, Apple hired a lot of key engineers from the clone makers. one of those clone companies was making a sub-$1000 clone Macintosh that wasn't too bad. that had been unheard of until then. was it Umax? anyway, i had heard a rumor that some of those people were brought in to make the original iMac as (relatively) cheap as it was back then. the impact of the iMac was based on its design as much as its cost and decent computing power. if it had cost $3,000 it would have failed miserably. it was powerful enough that people upgraded their older beige Macs to them if they did not need the power/size of the G3 tower.

  59. Unreadable by __aawdrj2992 · · Score: 1

    That is far and above the ugliest and most unreadable "news" site I have ever seen. I wrecked three keyboards typing that last sentence alone because I keep bleeding from my eyes onto my keys.

  60. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Brickwall · · Score: 1
    I just can't see the government holding any legitimate position costing even one dollar in any non-critical activity, no matter if it is supposedly for the benefit of the citizens or not, until it has well and truly addressed all of the critical activities that it has been tasked with with regard to its base responsibilities.

    So the lunar program, which gave birth to many of the technologies we depend on today, was a waste of time? Isabella's jewels would have been better spent belaying the hunger of a few than funding Columbus? The English have long had a phrase to describe you, my friend: "penny wise and pound foolish".

    --
    What was once true, is no longer so
  61. A revisionist view by Animats · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The move to PowerPC was Apple's big mistake. That was the point at which Apple market share dropped, and it never came back. Even today, Apple has much lower market share than it did the day the PowerPC machines were announced. The argument for going with the PowerPC was that IBM was going to make Macs. Yes, that was the whole point of the deal. Didn't happen, but that was Apple's big plan. And that bad move happened under Jobs.

    In fact, when the PowerPC 601 came out, Motorola was shipping the 68060, which outperformed the early PowerPC chips. The 68000 line could have been developed further; there was nothing in the architecture that limited it. But when Apple dropped it, that was the end of the demand for high-end 68000 parts.

    The PowerPC transition killed many existing apps. The engineering community dumped the Mac at the PowerPC transition; existing CAD applications like AutoCAD were not ported to PowerPC, and most of the printed circuit board design applications were dropped at that point, too. So Apple lost a whole market segment, and one willing to pay for big screens and good graphics.

    Copeland was actually a good operating system. The problem was that applications had to be revised for it, and Microsoft didn't want to bother. Apple no longer had the clout with developers it had had back at the System 7 transition, where all apps had to be revised. But Apple hadn't realized internally that it could no longer order developers around; the developers had the option of going to Windows. So backwards compatibility had become more important.

    Copeland (the original "MacOS 8") actually shipped to some developers. It was almost ready to go. Acquiring NeXT delayed the release of a new OS by several years; it took much longer to get NeXT code onto the Apple platform than Jobs said it would. But it saved Jobs' ass financially; he was heavily invested in NeXT, which was headed for bankruptcy.

    As for design, one of the coolest Macs ever was the 20th Anniversary Mac, the first Mac with an LCD panel. In 1997, way ahead of everyone else. That was before Jobs took over and "Steved" the product, because it wasn't his.

    The iMac clamshell looked like the Lear-Seigler ADM 3A from 1977, which was a very popular low-end terminal in its day. It wasn't an original concept.

    Jobs' big contribution was to suck up to Gates and thus keep Microsoft Office on the Mac That's what saved Apple.

    So that's what it looks like with the Reality Distortion Field turned off.

    1. Re:A revisionist view by phillymjs · · Score: 3, Informative

      The argument for going with the PowerPC was that IBM was going to make Macs. Yes, that was the whole point of the deal. Didn't happen, but that was Apple's big plan. And that bad move happened under Jobs.

      Wrong. The first PowerPC-based Macs were released on March 14, 1994, during Michael Spindler's tenure as Apple CEO. The alliance to create the PowerPC was formed before that, during John Sculley's tenure. Jobs had absolutely nothing to do with Apple switching to the PPC architecture. Apple announced their intention to purchase NeXT on December 20, 1996 and finalized the deal on February 4, 1997. During that timeframe is when Jobs and his influence returned.

      But hey, don't let little things like easily-verifiable facts get in the way of you spouting your drivel.

      ~Philly

    2. Re:A revisionist view by Teth-Adam · · Score: 1

      The 20th Anniversary Mac was an overpriced desing exercise ($10,000, from your link) and was supposed to be a limited edition anyway.

    3. Re:A revisionist view by bnenning · · Score: 1

      The move to PowerPC was Apple's big mistake. That was the point at which Apple market share dropped, and it never came back.

      I'd say Windows 95 was a bigger factor, since it was "good enough" compared to Windows 3.1 which wasn't.

      Copeland was actually a good operating system

      Sort of. The foundation was decent, but it went for backwards compatibility which gave it severe limitations, like running all UI apps in a single kernel process.

      Copeland (the original "MacOS 8") actually shipped to some developers. It was almost ready to go.

      As I recall, some developers got a "Release 0" of Copland, but it was incomplete and very unstable. Amelio killed it because there was no way it was going to ship in a reasonable timeframe.

      Acquiring NeXT delayed the release of a new OS by several years; it took much longer to get NeXT code onto the Apple platform than Jobs said it would.

      Not really. Rhapsody was up and running fairly quickly. OS X itself took longer because of the development of new pieces like Carbon and Quartz.

      --
      How to solve most of our problems: 1.Lots of nuclear plants. 2.Cure aging.
    4. Re:A revisionist view by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> Copeland was actually a good operating system

      > Sort of. The foundation was decent, but it went for backwards compatibility which gave it severe limitations,
      > like running all UI apps in a single kernel process.

      Kind of like Classic, you mean? Copland offered pre-emptive GUI apps as well, but all cooperative tasks had to run in one kernel process. Their solution isn't so different from what we ended up with anyway.

      >> Acquiring NeXT delayed the release of a new OS by several years; it took much longer to get NeXT code
      >> onto the Apple platform than Jobs said it would.

      > Not really. Rhapsody was up and running fairly quickly. OS X itself took longer because of the development
      > of new pieces like Carbon and Quartz.

      Mac OS X Server shipped in early 1999, after being in development for 2 whole years, and it didn't have Carbon or Quartz.

      I only point it out because a total re-org of Copland in late 1996 (as opposed to the "start from scratch" approach of Rhapsody) could plausibly have produced a functioning OS in the 2.5 years it took to get a working version of Rhapsody out the door. Who knows if it would have been any good, though.

    5. Re:A revisionist view by The+Finn · · Score: 1
      The 68000 line could have been developed further; there was nothing in the architecture that limited it. But when Apple dropped it, that was the end of the demand for high-end 68000 parts.

      the 68k line was developed further in the coldfire line, the first (internal) version of which was based around a microcoded 68060 core. (email me; I have the original whitepaper sitting around somewhere.) motorola/freescale wised up and re-implemented the idea in verilog as opposed to the hand-layed optical masks used for the 060 and previous models, and the v2 coldfire was born. (the v1 has since been back-filled.)

      I wonder if apple's movement from motorola to PPC-land spurred development of coldfire, or if apple was just a drop in the bucket to motorola. (perhaps much like freescale's indifference to apple's movement from PPC to intel?)

      --
      NetBSD: the cathedral vs the bizzare.
  62. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

    They tried something along those lines with the clones, and as the article states it was a complete disaster.

    From what I gathered from various Apple history books, Apple management expected the clones to offer high-end models. When the clones made inexpensive low-end machines, each one was costing Apple $500 USD in revenue and/or profits from their current models. When Apple tried to change the rules of the game, the clones started screaming bloody murder and were shut down.

  63. What is Going On Here? by His+Shadow · · Score: 1

    Apple is making insanely great products again, all systems are go, and their have a hammerlock on an emerging market. So while we don't need cheerleader articles, why is so hard for these people to accept that Apple is successful and it's not going to go out of business anyday now? When Vista hits the stores (and let's face it, it will probably sell extremely well) are we going to see a myriad of articles on the complete disater that was Windows Millennium, or, Hey, what about a pathetic thing called Bob? I don't $@#king think so.

    --

    Fiat Homos et Pereat Theos

  64. Went from bad decisions to good decisions by bigtrike · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I couldn't agree more about the classic Mac OS. Not only was it unstable (I typically experienced a total system lockup about once a day), but it also offered absolutely nothing for power users. And not only was that hardware to run it very expensive, it was also slow.

    Apple's turnaround has come because they got a number of things right for a change. After about 10 years of of PC use with mixed windows and linux operating systems, I've come back to being a Mac owner. There are a number of reasons. The OS is very usable for all levels of user. They also managed to make USB a standard and switch to other standards (such as DVI and VGA), which makes owning a Mac more affordable because you can use peripherals which are cheaply available. They realized that people wanted computers which are pretty on the outside. OSX also allows the user base to port just about any standard unix application to run on a Mac. The Intel switch was another great move, now Macs are actually fast computers as well (unless you're running under Rosetta, and even then it's not terrible.

    Microsoft is currently repeating a lot of Apple's failures in the 90s. They're trying to create products for markets which don't exist. They've let Windows become stagnant, the last revolutionary upgrade which brought vast improvements was Windows 2000. XP and Vista are nice updates, but just baby steps.

  65. I-n-t-e-r-n-e-t by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There is only one reason that Apple is succesful again and it is called 'the Internet'. Open standards and platform independent content is what saved Apple from the looming threat of the Wintel platform.

  66. Um, shut up fanboy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You're a moron. One look at the garbage turned out by Apple in the 90's shows it was overpriced even if they gave it away. Frequent crashes (you losers try to act like it was only MS, but we all know better) idiotically high prices and sluggish (WAY WAY sluggish) OS performance were the norm.

    You're a lying fanboy, and it's hilarious to see how easily you succumb to the reality distortion field. How does it feel to be so easily manipulated and so moronically and obviously biased?

    1. Re:Um, shut up fanboy by nurb432 · · Score: 1

      Never had a crash on os9. Ever.

      OSX ? Perhaps twice in the last year. And i dont reboot for months so its not unexpected.

      XP? crashes on a regular basis. Cant go a week without rebooting.

      2000? Try a month and it wil be as slow as mud. Crashes, not as frequent but they happen.

      98? Lets not even go there.

      --
      ---- Booth was a patriot ----
    2. Re:Um, shut up fanboy by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      Never had a crash on os9. Ever.

      OSX ? Perhaps twice in the last year. And i dont reboot for months so its not unexpected.

      XP? crashes on a regular basis. Cant go a week without rebooting.

      2000? Try a month and it wil be as slow as mud. Crashes, not as frequent but they happen.

      98? Lets not even go there.

      I've never used MacOS 9 but I've used Macs since Apple first came out with them until the mid '90s. I had a Mac SE30 with MacOS 7 I bought used in '92 and didn't have any problems with it until the floppy drive died in 2000. Several months later I bought a used PowerMac 7300/200 with MacOS 8 and it worked until early this year. XP? The first tyme I ever used WinXP it froze while booting up. And I've gotten a number of BSODs from Win2000. The only Windows I haven't had much trouble with is NT 4. However the pc mine runs on has a DEC Alpha cpu and I haven't been able to install much software on it so it sits on the floor unused the last few years. Within the past month I've setup a home network I plan on connecting it to then I'll try to get an up to date Linux to install on it.

      Falcon
    3. Re:Um, shut up fanboy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Never had a crash on os9. Ever.

      I never used OS 9, but version 7 (System 7 as it was then called) was a nightmare. It crashed all the time, lacked memory protection (so a single incorrect pointer reference in any application could crash OS), lacked pre-emptive multi-tasking (so a single logic error in any application could hang the OS), or even decent co-operative multi-tasking and was just crap all-round.

      I did most of my programming on Unix in those days, since Mac OS was so awful. I had been hoping Apple would come out with a decent OS, like Unix or Windows NT, but eventually gave in and switched to NT. Its stability was amazing, in comparison to what I had been used to with Mac OS, but had pretty poor hardware support. On hardware with good drivers, it was about as stable as Unix, but on other hardware it was less so.

      As the hardware support has increased, buggy drivers have become more widespread on NT/2000/XP, but XP on my latest PC still doesn't crash. During the time I've owned it (about six months), I've had it hang a couple of times during graphics operations, so I suspect there's a bug in the graphics driver. I could reduce the graphics acceleration settings, but a hang every few months is less trouble than slower graphics all the time.

      I've also got a server that runs Windows 2003 R2, and I can't remember it ever having crashed, but it's mostly used remotely, so the local video driver doesn't get exercised much. I've found that video drivers are the biggest cause of instability on Windows, so that doesn't surprise me. The only annoying thing is that updates sometimes require reboots, so it's generally never up for more than three months or so at a time (updates that require a reboot seem much rarer on it than on XP).

      XP? crashes on a regular basis. Cant go a week without rebooting.

      The old Mac OS (9 and before) was crash-/hang-prone because its architecture was crap (no memory protection or multitasking). The architecture of Windows NT/2000/XP, in contrast, is very solid, so if you're getting a lot of crashes, you're probably using buggy drivers, or have bad hardware. Without one or the other of these problems (which are all too common), the probability of the OS crashing is extremely low.

      2000? Try a month and it wil be as slow as mud. Crashes, not as frequent but they happen.

      You must have malware infections, bug-ridden third-party services/drivers or something along those lines if your system becomes 'slow as mud' after a month. My Windows 2003 R2 server performs the same whether it's been running for three hours or three months. My XP system doesn't get any slower either, though it typically doesn't stay up for more than a month, because of some update or other requiring a reboot.

      As an aside, Mac OS (System 7) is the only OS I've ever had get infected by a virus, and I've now used NT for a greater length of time than the years I had used Mac OS. Maybe I've just become more savvy over the years, but since switching from a Mac to NT, there's never been a day I've regretted it. I do miss Unix, though. I used to dual-boot BSD or Linux with NT, but have done this less and less as time as gone by. I still run BSD on my server, but in a virtual machine on top of Windows.

    4. Re:Um, shut up fanboy by Pope · · Score: 1
      Never had a crash on os9. Ever.

      How on earth did you manage that?! I take it you never ran IE, or Netscape, or ImageReady, or any other major application. MacOS crashed, plain and simple. I preferred it to Windows, but it sure as hell wasn't perfect.

      --
      It doesn't mean much now, it's built for the future.
  67. Where comes this notion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That the classic Mac OS was no good? It was certainly scads better than anything M$ was dribbling out.

    1. Re:Where comes this notion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That the classic Mac OS was no good? It was certainly scads better than anything M$ was dribbling out.

      No it wasn't. Classic Mac OS lacked virtual memory, memory protection, multitasking, shared libraries and on the whole was way behind Windows technologically. Even Windows 1.0, in 1985, offered co-operative multitasking and shared libraries, and in 1987, Windows/386 (a version of Windows 2.0 for the '386) added pre-emptive multitasking of DOS applications (but not Windows applications, which were still co-operatively multitasked). In 1990, Windows 3.0 added virtual memory, with the result being a moderately advanced systtem.

      From Windows 1.0 in 1985 through Windows 3.1 in 1992, Windows had gradually evolved to take advantage of improved hardware, and become a more 'modern' OS. Meanwhile, Mac OS had mostly stagnated, with only modest improvements in System 7. The real revolution for Windows, however, came in 1993, when Windows NT 3.1 was released.

      Windows NT offered the same UI as Windows 3.1, and could run Windows 3.1 software, but it was a brand new system, offering memory protection, virtual memory with a flat, 32-bit address space, kernel threads, pre-emptive multitasking of all applications, symmetric multiprocessing, a journalled file system, multiple environment subsystems and I could go on. Meanwhile, Mac OS was still stuck in the stone age, and would remain there for another 8 years or so, until OS X was released in 2001.

      As for the GUI, yes, the Mac had a better GUI until perhaps Windows 95, and maybe has a better GUI again today, although that's rather subjective (e.g. the OS X GUI is far from being my favourite), but before OS X, the underlying OS was always a joke, and could never technically stand up to Windows (not that Windows was amongst the leading OSes technologically before NT, but it was still well ahead of Mac OS).

    2. Re:Where comes this notion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      >> That the classic Mac OS was no good? It was certainly scads better than anything M$ was dribbling out.

      > No it wasn't. Classic Mac OS lacked virtual memory, memory protection, multitasking, shared libraries and on the whole
      > was way behind Windows technologically.

      Not exactly... Windows 1.0 didn't have memory protection, and its virtual memory was software-based and on the whole not really superior to the Mac's "purgeable" resource mechanism. For multitasking, Switcher was available in 1985, but that was more like a TSR than true multitasking, and you needed a Fat Mac with 512k RAM to run multiple programs anyway.

      Windows had DLLs before the Mac had Shared Libraries, but they were mostly a joke technologically, causing more problems than they solved. When the Mac finally introduced Shared Libraries, they were fairly sophisticated and transparent.

      > Windows had gradually evolved to take advantage of improved hardware, and become a more 'modern' OS.
      > Meanwhile, Mac OS had mostly stagnated, with only modest improvements in System 7

      To be fair, System 7 was light-years ahead of the original Mac OS in terms of features, but after that Apple didn't quite seem to know what to do with it. Not that they weren't trying; they developed A/UX in this period, and started work on Pink/Taligent, which would have leapfrogged Windows if it had been successful.

      The big problem with the original Mac OS was that it wasn't very forward-looking. Jobs insisted that the Mac would be self-contained and never need expansion, which was a recipe for stagnation. Fortunately he was gone by the time more sophisticated Mac models were introduced.

      The 'mob of managers' architecture of Mac OS gave developers a lot of flexibility, but it also made it hard to advance because any time you changed something in the Toolbox ROM, any number of things at different levels could be affected by it.

      > before OS X, the underlying OS was always a joke, and could never technically stand up to Windows

      Mostly true, but remember that the Mac OS was much more complex than DOS/Windows at first. It was a Herculean effort to develop, and the result was effective not because it was more technically advanced, but because it DIDN"T MATTER if it was-- the user did not see the difference, and didn't care, because it just worked! Only when Apple tried to carry the Mac into the future did users suffer the growing pains that you describe.

      Apple was so convinced of their superiority, they developed the OS through navel-gazing rather than looking outward to what other advances were being made in operating systems. Whenever a feature was suggested for improving the design of Mac OS, Apple shouted "Not Invented Here!" Microsoft at least was hiring OS experts and looking at what PCs would be capable of in the near future. And for all the advances Microsoft made, they still didn't have a decent file system until NTFS in 1993, and most users didn't benefit from it for years afterward.

      Personally, I think Amiga was the benchmark Apple should have compared the Mac against. As soon as they saw what the Amiga could do, they should have said "okay, there's the bar-- anything we release from now on has to be AT LEAST as good as what the Amiga can do!"

  68. The 'i' in "iMac" by Old+Man+Kensey · · Score: 3, Informative
    The iMac looked like it could have been a "network computer." Did the 'i' in iMac stand for "internet" Mac?

    Why yes, yes it did. It was even considered "edgy" because the Internet (capital I) was abbreviated with a lowercase letter!

    The degree of the industry's plagiarism of Apple's style decisions can be measured by the fact that prior to the iMac introduction, anything vaguely Internet-related was tagged "e-" (for "electronic) -- e-commerce, e-mail, e-this, e-that. Almost immediately after the iMac exploded on the scene, the e- was quietly dropped and new Internet things were tagged "i" or "i-".

    --
    -- Old Man Kensey
  69. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    No, I absolutely do consider such expenditures to be critical. I strongly feel that the government should support basic research, exploration, and highly specific technical endeavors like the space program and the pursuit of fusion power. I just failed to mention this specifically as I wasn't thinking along those lines when I posted, please accept my apology. Along with education, science and technology are the key driving forces that supply society with the wealth it needs to give range to the liberty and freedom people deserve.

    Arts, religion, sports and entertainment, however, should only be supported by private donations, I firmly maintain. They are strictly non-critical social aspects, and they do very little to drive society upwards. Often I see them doing the exact opposite, in fact. "My team is better than your team" isn't something I see as helpful on any level, for instance, nor do I view the various doings of religion in a positive light except very, very rarely. I surely don't want to pay for religion, as the government presently forces me to by making me carry their share of the tax burden.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  70. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by Concerned+Onlooker · · Score: 1

    Perhaps it should be stated--once again--that Apple is essentially a hardware company. As many others have pointed out, when they control the hardware AND the software they have much better control over the entire experience. Once they let OS X be run on beige boxes people will start having bad experiences and Apple's reputation would suffer.

    Not to mention that a hardware business model is inherently more defendable than a software one since you can't make quick digital copies of hardware.

    --
    http://www.rootstrikers.org/
  71. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Btarlinian · · Score: 1

    I understand where your ideas are coming from, but to say that science and technology are the only fields that deserve funding from the government, is simply naive. I don't plan on suddenly sculpting the next David, but art has value as well.

    Do you think that art should not be taught in schools as well? Should there be no more literature classes? But then history would not be important either, since it's rather difficult to really understand historical events without understanding the art from the period.

    I agree with you when you say that religion and sports should not be publicly funded. And I don't think they are. Even if your government does give money to a sports team, it's usually not with the intention of supporting that team, rather, it is intended to help its citizens by stimulating the economy.

  72. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Brickwall · · Score: 1
    I think we're in basic agreement, except for religion. I don't support government funding of religion, but I think religious groups overall have done, and continue to do, so much good for society that we should not be taxing them as if they were businesses.

    Of course, my definition of a religion doesn't include any group that charges thousands of dollars for the privilege of learning its teachings, so Scientology wouldn't qualify.

    --
    What was once true, is no longer so
  73. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    I agree that the FEDERAL government probably shouldn't be using funds for such things (though I happen to think that even that is okay in the Capitol), but I see no problem with local people deciding where their tax dollars go. If the people of Philly want to build a tower to the stars, let 'em. Philly was a much more livable city because of the public art projects - left to private interests, cities would be nothing but row after row of concrete and glass boxes. The rich folks would probably set up private parks like Gramercy park in New York, but everyone else would get a big ugly city.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  74. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Then allow me to charactorize.

    To start with, its true life spans are up, but this is due soley to modern medicine, and our understanding of the body (of which, modern western medicine is based on, pure science), but this is not what i refer to. What i was refering to, was pollution, the use of cigarets (of which, i can always smell in the air aroundd citties), car fumes, destruction of forests and wetlands and other natural areas for the use of ineffiecent human use, newer weapons made not to prevent killing, but to assist it, things like that is what i was refering to.

    When i talk about the "suits", i refer to pollititians, and greedy bussinesmen. Both of which want power, money, or both, and in doing so, give a rats ass about the rest of us. The people mostly in a possition to change the above dont want to, because they are the suits that benifit, and as you said, life spans are long now, but if things keep up at this rate, how many generations before humans wipe themselfs out? The greed exhhibited today will cause damage down the line for future humans, but, the suits who continue wont be effected, or, most likely wont be. Society is to blame, because they let this happen, and yes, i do blame myself to some extent, but not to much. In school, we learned how greate society, and our nation (USA) is, now, all i can see is how horrable it is, using only the excuse "well, we are not the worst, so look at how greate we are" as the only real justification to spout such retoric. As it stands, the only reason i can blame myself, is because i have done nothing to stop what i have listed, and living in society, can only have contributed to some of it. The reason i blame the suits the most, is because they are the ones that got things like this, and are doing little to stop it. Sure, we could change all of this within a generation, but it will be costely, which is why it will never happen, short of public outcry, and possibly WW3 to kill off most of the population, making the suits less powerful, and hopely more dead.

    Its true i am no doubt wrong, but its also true i am right. I might have misplaced some blame, and the future may well turn out alright, but we are already seeing signs that severe (in human terms) damage has been done to the Earth that gives us life, and yet, little has been done to curb this, while more money continues to flow elsewhere that causes more harm. What blame i have placed, i have little doubt, is only there in the now, and will soon vanish, as anotherr greate war will hopefully devvistate the human population to a point where it can no longer kill itself out with its own existence alone, yet, i have little doubt that humans will continue to live in parts of the world, even if there is a greate global thermonuclear war, so, logically, my blame can only be temporary, as if humans do get scratched that much, much of those that will live are populations that are neutral in the war, in remote places no one cares about, and the suits and their dogs cowering in bunkers (of which, within a few generations, they will entirely disapate. No more nation means very soon, the dogs will stop obeying their masters, and then civilisation can rebuild, and hopefully do it right).

  75. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    Wow, when I stereotype, can I nail it or what?

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  76. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    Oh, get off of that horse. I had a big, gas-guzzling SUV. I lived a block from work. I put gas in that thing maybe once a month. This guy with a Miata would give me the same line of crap about saving the earth. He commuted in 40 miles each way, each day. Who was using more Abu Ghraib gas? Maybe you are one of these people that washes their dishes in a thimble full of condensation water from under the fridge. Maybe you don't shower at all because it's bad for the earth. Maybe you don't buy cotton clothes and only shroud yourself in the skin of roadkill to save natural resources. I bet that isn't the case, though, and that there is more that YOU could do to decrease your footprint. There are many, many people using less natural resources than you - remember that the next time you criticize ME.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  77. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1
    Do you think that art should not be taught in schools as well? Should there be no more literature classes?

    No, I think art, and sports, are a perfectly valid part of the educational process. And I'm not against either one, either in-school or as commercial undertakings; What I am against is government funding of pursuit of the arts or the multiplying sports into stadium-level events at taxpayer expense. If you want to fund an artist, or a writer, by all means, do so. That gives them another option (besides the commercial one of selling the work product, I mean) and that's fine with me. Likewise, if you want to fund a sports team, go ahead, and more power to you. Just don't ask me to and expect me to be happy about it.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  78. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1
    I see no problem with local people deciding where their tax dollars go

    My position is that just because the community at large prefers one particular thing, it can be entirely over the top to force others to go along. For instance, I do not support religion, quite the contrary; consequently I am extremely unhappy when the locals or the feds force me to carry their weight for them.

    I think this is just one case of a generalization that it should not be "OK" for any tax authority to force you to support non-essential (short- or long-term) services. That, I think, is not the job of a government.

    The job of the government seem to me to be supporting the physical infrastructure, protecting the citizens from disasters and predators that may arise from both within and without the borders, educating the populace in a comprehensive manner, and encouraging the development of science and technology, as these are the cornerstones upon which our society stands and indulges in such luxuries as art, sport, literature and so forth.

    It's all just IMHO.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  79. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    so did you _drive_ that block to work?

  80. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    LOL! No, but I must admit that my then-girlfriend-now-wife would sometimes drop me off on her way to the grocery store :) Actually, I think I did drive in a thunderstorm a few times.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  81. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    I agree with your sentiment, but there is a lot of wiggle room for when something is just for pleasure vs. benefiting the community. You can argue all night and day about whether a sports complex or arts center improves the community or not, or whether those dollar are better spent elsewhere. Thankfully, there is usually a free and open democratic process. Yeah, democracies often screw the minority... I think that we could improve this with some innovative voting systems where you express preferences instead of a "binary" vote, but now I'm digressing.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  82. The accident: enter stage R by ElitistWhiner · · Score: 3, Informative

    Bill Gates $150M and committment to Office on the Mac.

    Microsoft needed Apple not to fail because 5% marketshare was all the evidence Bill Gates needed as proof that Windows was not a monopoly. For $150M, Bill got the room he needed to breathe out from under Anti-Trust and seeded further MS product, even if he lost a window sale or two. It was his cost of staying in business, without the US Gov't breaking Microsoft into separate operating units.

    Steve Jobs got serious credibility on the Street, with businesses really nervous about being stuck with Mac's going out of business. Bill G. stopped all that bleed, angst and hesitation in the sales pipeline for Apple Computer Inc.

  83. Re:Marketing style over substance? by FishWithAHammer · · Score: 1

    Offtopic, but DON'T get a MacBook. The keyboards are hell, the machines have (in my experience as a tech) a lovely tendency to break, and from a purely subjective view I think they look terrible.

    The MacBook Pro, on the other hand, is a pretty high-quality machine. I haven't had any problems with any of 'em.

    --
    "You can either have software quality or you can have pointer arithmetic, but you cannot have both at the same time."
  84. AUX worked... by meburke · · Score: 3, Informative

    During the early '90's, when OS 7 and OS 8 were crashing every 15 minutes, I had a couple of customers with 500+ Mac II's and III's that almost never crashed; they were running AUX. AUX was UNIX, and it still ran the Mac OS on top. At that time, a Mac III with a Radius monitor was the fastest AutoCAD system around.

    IMO, the article (incomplete as it is) is right on about the weaknesses in Apple's strategy to gain market share. IMO, if they had contiued to expand in the UNIX area and done a better job of marketing AUX, they wouldn't have had to re-develop the idea for OSX. The Microsoft platform, with it's huge base of applications, is a great example of Kevin Kelly's proposition that "Value flows from Abundance" (Kevin Kelly, "New Rules for the New Economy", 1998). In short, Kelly claims that in the networked world, the more people you have using your product, the more valuable it becomes. His first examples are the telephone and fax machine: Both devices were in short demand until enough people had them so that owning one was a convenience rather than a curiosity. IMO, if Apple had done with AUX what they've done with OSX, the sheer utility of owning an Apple computer would have been enough to avoid some of the problms they had in the '90's.

    --
    "The mind works quicker than you think!"
    1. Re:AUX worked... by swb · · Score: 1

      IMO, if they had contiued to expand in the UNIX area and done a better job of marketing AUX, they wouldn't have had to re-develop the idea for OSX

      I agree, and my alternate-history storyline has Apple and SGI merging sometime in the early-mid 90s. Apple gains access to "big boy" UNIX and visualization technology, SGI gains a MUCH better user interface than IRIX ever wished it had, end-user "productivity" applications and a hardware market for the under $10k users. The merged company has a UNIX-based operating system with Apple GUI and ease of use and almost unlimited hardware scalability. You buy an application and it runs on your big iron or your desktop system (with more or less simple to use features).

      I don't know if MIPS cpus were cheap enough to put in desktops back then, but IIRC at that time MIPS systems were available for NT4, so it probably would have been at least economically viable if not advantageous for Apple to have NOT spent money on the PPC consortium and instead port & merge AUX to the MIPS CPU and SGI's hardware platform.

      At this point, we could have skipped the whole OS 9 fiasco and the payware betas that OS X 10.0-10.2 were and had a real, usable Mac/UNIX hybrid before the end of the 90s.

    2. Re:AUX worked... by ElitistWhiner · · Score: 1

      MIPS in the 90's was just raw technology. They had numbers without a following. Their instruction set was unique requiring specialized code optimizations.

      Dream on... Job's was running away from the the cult of Mac people in developing NeXTstep. He agreed AUX worked and set out to do AUX one better. Apple were about to piss themselves into obscurity if not for one staffer's temerity to call Apple and tell them what NeXTSTEP was doing that Copland et. al. would never do anytime soon.

      The rest is History...

    3. Re:AUX worked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      ...I had a couple of customers with 500+ Mac II's and III's that almost never crashed...

      I'll bet that Mac III never crashed! How can a machine crash if it never existed?
       
      ...a Mac III with a Radius monitor was the fastest AutoCAD system around.

      Next time, when you're trying to impress us all with your Macintosh creds, try not to fabricate machines that never existed.

    4. Re:AUX worked... by swb · · Score: 1

      MIPS was well supported by SGI in the 90s (I worked on a 4 CPU SGI workstation in 95), and any other "development" or "optimization" it would have required to port elements of the MacOS/AUX to MIPS would have been trivial compared to development for PowerPC, which Apple ended up doing anyway and not getting a ton of traction for until the G3 series.

      Anyway, my point is that the companies had a lot of overlap, and combining them would have meant some technology acceleration for Apple as well as some *computing* credibility that they struggle for (or not, depending on whether the person disagreeing with you agrees that they aren't a computing platform but are a consumer electronics platform).

      Obviously the biggest damage was letting Apple get run by soda pop CEOs rather than Jobs or some other computer industry visionary. But perhaps that's what would have prevented a merger with SGI from working in the first place, Jobs' ego and vision versus the engineering required to make a SGI/Apple combination work.

    5. Re:AUX worked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      I used A/UX a bit in the 90s, and agree it was an excellent system. The big problem with it was that it was Unix (i.e. contained AT&T source code), which meant Apple had to pay ridiculously high licensing fees to AT&T (and later Novell). OS X, in contrast, is based on Mach and BSD code, so it doesn't require a Unix source licence (a very good thing, given that Caldera/SCO now owns the Unix source code).

      As a related aside, Microsoft decided to exit the Unix business in the mid-80s, when AT&T was broken up, and focus instead on OS/2, and later NT. The reason was that the Bell telephone monopoly had been legally barred by agreements with the American government from entering the computer business (and thus marketing Unix itself), and when it was broken up, those agreements ceased to be applicable. Although Microsoft Xenix was the most popular Unix OS on the market at the time, Microsoft's management correctly anticipated that AT&T's entry to the market would give it an advantage over competitors, and lead it to demand (much) higher fees from Unix licensees. This all came to pass, with the result that Unix was relegated to a niche.

      If Unix hadn't cost so much in the 80s/90s, there never would have been a need for Linux or the open-source BSDs. It's nice to have the source code, of course, but the main thing holding Unix back wasn't that it was closed, it was the outrageously high price tag.

    6. Re:AUX worked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      During the early '90's, when OS 7 and OS 8 were crashing every 15 minutes

      If you ran Microsoft applications on those machines, they crashed a lot. If you deleted all the crap MS put in the System Folder, then Macs of that era ran fine.

    7. Re:AUX worked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > During the early '90's, when OS 7 and OS 8 were crashing every 15 minutes, I had a couple of customers with 500+ Mac II's and III's that almost never crashed; they were running AUX

      There was no OS 8 in the early '90's, troll.

      I don't know what 'Mac III' you're talking about, but if you're thinking of the LC III, that didn't run A/UX.

  85. Re:Marketing style over substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's fine by itself - it was part of an overall picture that I was painting. I still think that you have no soul :)

    That's fine and all. The picture you're painting makes me think that you are a jackass :)

  86. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by swb · · Score: 1

    Perhaps it should be stated--once again--that Apple is essentially a hardware company. As many others have pointed out, when they control the hardware AND the software they have much better control over the entire experience.

    If this is the case, why are they selling essentially PCs these days? And why are there so many problems with this "we control the variables" experience -- the overheating, the cases cracking, the too-hot power supplies? I own a Macbook and while I like the computer and want to drink the kool-aid, I (and others) can't help but think it will die after a short life.

    They're "designed" to be attractive, but they're not designed for any kind of durability or reliability, which makes me think they're just an expensive consumer electronics item with an all-too-obvious planned obsolesence.

    Not to mention that a hardware business model is inherently more defendable than a software one since you can't make quick digital copies of hardware.

    They could sell OS X for non-Apple hardware with hardware keys to limit copying.

  87. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    Oh, you have no idea.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  88. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    I don't mind the digression in the least. I enjoy considering alternatives.

    My favorite idea (thus far) is tax everyone equally, but let the taxpayer select which non-essential programs their funds go towards.

    So you could elect to fund the stadium but not some antithetical-to-Yar program, I'd fund the homeless shelters and the clean-needles program but not religion or the stadium. At the end of the day, instead of the politicians deciding what gets funded out of their bright ideas, we would do the deciding. The not-so-popular ideas wouldn't get funded completely (or at all), and they'd either die on the vine, or at least proceed a lot more slowly.

    Since everyone still has to pay full tax, some programs would be extremely well funded, which would accelerate them. Just as the public desires. Do this to all socially optional programs — religions, sports stadiums, monuments and support for the arts — while critical programs — education, science and technology, transport and communications infrastructure creation and maintenance — get 100% base funding plus whatever is left over from any person who doesn't allocate their funds to the optional projects. In this way, no tax dollars go unused, and no tax dollars go anywhere anyone doesn't want them for social options.

    That was, of course, a bare-bones outline, but that's the core of the idea, anyway.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  89. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    Weeeell, that's an interesting comment. I've heard the exact opposite. Pros run intolerably hot on the lap, and go to the shop more often. They've got a few more features I covet, and I can afford one, but I'd been leaning away, more towards a fully-fleshed out MacBook... 2 gigs and the big drive.

    Hnmph. Well, more research is called for, I suppose. Thanks for commenting.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  90. Re:Marketing style over substance? by iamacat · · Score: 1

    Sure, I use gas/other natural resources when there is no other convenient option. For example, my apartment complex doesn't have recycle bins and I can not be bothered to litter my living room with bottles and then drive to recycle them. However, I don't flaunt my resource consumption as a status symbol. There is nothing a BMW can do that a Honda Civic can not (this may be different if you are in Germany and commute on Autobahn). There is a difference between going to war and drinking from a skull coffee mug.

    Why did you need your big, gas-guzzling SUV anyway? It's not "prettier" than Civic. Since you didn't get married until later, I assume you didn't have a large number of children. Your girlfriend couldn't have needed so many groceries.

  91. 85 vs. 8086 by Simonetta · · Score: 1

    The 8086 was very similar to the 8085, so it was trivial to translate ASM code that ran on 8085 to 8086...

    At the risk of appearing totally irrelevant to the 21st century, I must take a certain amount of exception to the statement above.

        The 8086 with its segmented address architecture was ('is'?) the most seriously difficult microprocessor to program ever built. The only reason that it got put into the PC in the first place is due to the recommendation of Bill Gates, who was one of the world's best microprocessor programmers at the time.

        I would venture to say that the decision to use the Intel 8086 instead of the far more advanced but more expensive Motorola 68000 set back microprocessor software development by about six years. It wasn't until the late 1980's with the release of fast dependable CPUs and storage, along with interactive programming languages like Borland Turbo Pascal and Turbo C, that PC software development went beyond having one guy who wrote most of the code for each major software application. That also limited the company to one major piece of application software for which they were known, i.e. Lotus for spreadsheets, Ashton-Tate for word processors.

        Software for the PC would be more advanced today if the Intel 8086 were actually similar to the Intel 8085. But it's all water under the bridge now...

    1. Re:85 vs. 8086 by squiggleslash · · Score: 1

      The 8088 (not the 8086, which didn't make it into an IBM badged PC until the faux-PS/2 Model 30) was a dog, but I've programmed worse.

      I seriously doubt Bill Gates had anything to do with the choice of processor, and I've yet to read anything that suggested he did. At the time he was the part owner of a computer language company, which IBM wanted to contract to provide BASIC. The DOS thing was an accident. While everyone has their own explanations for the choice of 8088, the most likely is that it was source compatible with the 8080, and the standard system at the time was the S100 CP/M architecture. It was even IBM's original intention that the IBM PC run CP/M.

      Microsoft, reportedly, wasn't happy for long with the choice of the 8088 and programmers there supposedly would have prefered the 68000.

      It may be hard to believe today, but Bill Gates was not considered a major figure in computing in quite the same way as he is today back in the '70s and early '80s. The coup of getting IBM to ship his DOS was really the start of him becoming significant. That's not to say he wasn't well known, but before the IBM coup he was about as famous as Philippe Kahn or George Tate were in their primes. While his 8080 MBASIC interpreter was respected, he certainly was never considered, by anyone, as "one of the world's best microprocessor programmers at the time." Microsoft had sold BASIC to a variety of companies ported to a variety of CPU architectures before 1981, and IBM was merely the next client. I'm 99% sure that with MBASIC on the 8080, 6502, and even the 6809, Gates and his underlings knew enough about good CPU architecture to have not recommended the 8088 if he'd been asked.

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    2. Re:85 vs. 8086 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > I seriously doubt Bill Gates had anything to do with the choice of processor, and I've yet to read anything that suggested he did.

      "Numerous published accounts over the years have said that it was Gates who, after hearing about the [PC] project, told the IBM group their microcomputer should be built around the 16-bit Intel chip and not the old 8-bit 8080 chip. ...The preface to Microsoft's own MS-DOS Encyclopedia states that Gates and Microsoft convinced IBM to base its machine on the newer and faster chip.
      ...
      "Microsoft's official version of history is exaggerated, however, according to key members of the Project Chess task force. All affirmed that IBM engineers in Boca Raton had decided to use 16-bit architecture long before Gates was ever told about the machine.
      ...
      "We had selected the 8088 for reasons of our own, but we did not tell that to Bill," [Jack] Sams said. "We essentially asked for his recommendations and among his recommendations was that we use the 16-bit architecture. I'm sure he believes he suggested it to us. But we clearly never intended to use the 8-bit CPU again."
      - from Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire, James Wallace & Jim Erickson, 1992
    3. Re:85 vs. 8086 by rbanffy · · Score: 1

      Of course, doing fancy things on the 8086/8088 was horrible, but the fact that it was source-compatible with the 8085 (I think) made it possible to directly port many CP/M programs and have some titles ready to run very early.

      Of course, they wouldn't be able to address more than 64K of memory, but it was not a big issue since the original PC came in configurations with as little as 16K of RAM.

      And when compared to the crazy (and brilliant) things computer designers were doing with 8-bit computers to use more than 64K of memory (Apple II, Apple III, various 8085/Z-80 designs), the 8086 is easy to program. I did a lot of bank-switching in my Apple II days and I can tell you the PC was rather boring and unchallenging in comparison.

      Again, the 68000 was so much nicer.

      When time travel becomes available we will be able to directly test these ideas.

    4. Re:85 vs. 8086 by squiggleslash · · Score: 1

      Sorry, not buying the notion Gates selected the chip. Gates wouldn't have suggested the 8088 if he wanted IBM to pick a "16 bit" chip, he'd have picked the 8086 or the 68000. So the very first paragraph is a nonsense. The remainder of the extract actually debunks the theory, albeit in a way designed to make it appear Gates actually proposed the 8088 to IBM at some point.

      The only way I can see this working is if IBM had said "We're going to make a CP/M machine with an 8080!" and Gates had rolled his eyes and said "In 1981? Geez. At least use something more modern, even the 8088 is at least source compatible with the 8080." And clearly, that didn't happen, so the rest of the story is bullshit.

      There's a great deal of stuff that people take for granted and repeat so often it gets published everywhere and then repeated as fact. There's the "fact" that QD-OS, the code MSDOS was derived from, was actually an illegal port of CP/M and that Gary Kildall was actually able to use a keyboard sequence in court to show it contained secret code. That's untrue. I'm amazed how many people overestimate the complexity of CP/M, I actually wrote a clone as a 17 year old student (including an 8080 emulator), it really isn't hard.

      There's the "fact" Windows NT is actually a port of OpenVMS, with code stolen by former DEC engineers before they went over to Microsoft. Anyone can see that OpenVMS and NT have little resemblance beyond that any two 32 bit multitasking operating systems designed by the same person (and even then, only at the kernel level) would have. But that hasn't stopped people repeating this crap.

      Gary Kildall was, of course, flying his plane when IBM called. Except that wasn't relevent (Kildall didn't handle the business side of DR), but the story's been repeated so often people think it's true and that DR really lost the contract because their top programmer wasn't in the office during the negotiations.

      Bill Gates, presumably during his long thesis to IBM on how they should pick the "16 bit" 8088 (WTF?) over the 68000, told everyone that 640k should be enough for everyone. Only he didn't.

      I've been following the business for long enough to know that anyone will believe any bullshit they hear on the subject especially if it makes someone in power look phenominally dishonest or stupid. While there have been many stupid and dubiously-honest decisions made in the industry, for the most part they're not the ones described.

      Did Bill Gates have any hand at all in choosing the 8088? The evidence that he did is pretty much non-existant, and it sounds like all attempts to actually follow up the "Numerous published accounts" have drawn a blank. Actual engineers involved in the decision are responding "WTF." Nobody's claiming to have heard him actually suggest it. And with good reason. It never happened.

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    5. Re:85 vs. 8086 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Sorry, not buying the notion Gates selected the chip.

      He didnt-- that's why I posted this excerpt, to "debunk the theory." I wasn't trying to support it!

      > Gates wouldn't have suggested the 8088 if he wanted IBM to pick a "16 bit" chip, he'd have picked the 8086 or the 68000.

      Yes, sorry that I had to abridge the section of the book for brevity. Gates favored the 8086 for IBM's machine.
      > So the very first paragraph is a nonsense.

      See above. It's not nonsense, it was just never intended to support the theory. You should read the book, it is quite interesting.

    6. Re:85 vs. 8086 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Did Bill Gates have any hand at all in choosing the 8088? The evidence that he did is pretty much non-existant, and it sounds like all attempts to actually follow up the "Numerous published accounts" have drawn a blank. Actual engineers involved in the decision are responding "WTF." Nobody's claiming to have heard him actually suggest it. And with good reason. It never happened.
      Although I agree with your other points, about the various myths in the PC industry, Bill Gates has actually said that Microsoft recommended IBM use the 8086 (not the 8088), although it sounds like it was more a case of reinforcing a decision already taken by IBM (well, in the sense of using the x86 line, not the 8086 itself, since IBM didn't use that until the XT). You can read an interview with Gates here: http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/comphist /gates.htm. The relevant bits are:

      Microsoft started focusing on developing 16-bit software as early as 1979. We decided that what Intel was doing with their 8086 was really the way to go. Actually, Motorola had played around with the 68000 design and decided not to go forward aggressively with that. Instead, they did the best 8-bit processor ever done, the 6809. And we did a BASIC for that. I liked that chip. But in terms of really going after a larger address base, this 8086 family was it. And so even before IBM came to us, we worked with a number of companies, including a little local company called Seattle Computer Products or SCP, to show that we were moving software over and writing new software for the 8086. It was higher speed and it broke the 64K barrier of the previous machines.

      ...

      It is kind of a long story that has been talked about where they were chartered to do a home PC, but even more importantly they were chartered to do something quickly. IBM was frustrated that they were taking five years between product concept and shipment. So, this group had sort of bid to get the charter to do the PC based on saying that they could do it in less than two years. In fact, they had said they could probably do it in a year. But the trick was to go to outside suppliers for the key components. So, they went to Intel to get the chip. And they came to Microsoft to talk about, not only software, but the overall system design. They'd seen that we were in all the personal computers up to that point, and read about us before they came up. Told us that we had to sign quite a non-disclosure. These were just product planning people. But we talked about our enthusiasm for a 16-bit PC. That they could go and told them they ought to talk to Intel and it could be even better than the Apple II or the CP/M-80 machines which were sort of the higher-end popular designs of that time. So, the project started in late 1980.

      More importantly than the CPU, Gates claims the original PC only supported text display modes (i.e. the MDA video card), but MS convinced the IBM team to add graphics. Interestingly, he also claims that Microsoft referred IBM to Digital Research for an OS (CP/M), but that DR wouldn't sign IBM's NDA, so Microsoft agreed to supply an OS too:

      Some interesting things include: the way we had decided that the schedule was so tight that we would refer IBM to go down to talk to Digital Research about CP/M. Well, they didn't want to sign the non-disclosure and they really didn't jump on it. So, the project was at risk. It kept having to go through IBM reviews. And if they didn't have all of the software signed up they clearly weren't going to make the schedule. So, we said to IBM that we could do that. And as an increment on top of what we had committed to do, it was about ten percent extra work. So, we went out and bought from Seattle Computer Products the work that they had done on an operating system they called the SCP-DOS or 8- DOS at the time. But, more importantly, we got Tim Paterson to come across and work for us. He was the primary creator of MS-DOS. Bob O'Rear was one of our people who worked very closely with him and put that together.
  92. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by zoftie · · Score: 1

    Apple failed to learn how to build real business relationship with large businesses. They have no experience at that, which is why they will suffer. University hardware support programs are terrible, basically amount to selling hardware and running for it. No relationship building capacity. What can you expect from iconoclastic california company?

    Their products are excellent don't get me wrong, it is just that they learned how to download products onto customers, while having excellent technical support, they have no ability/capacity/experience to deal with large clients. Which will lead to their downfall, eventually.
    2c.

  93. Large business relationships by zoftie · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I have looked over, what was posted and couldn't make out if someone seen, few glossed over the idea, and I would like to emphasize it.
    Apple does not have capacity to maintain large clients. They are big on promises, small on delivery. They key word here, is company to company relationships. Now you can order a swath of Dell PC's and most likely you'll get preferrential treatment from them. No so with apple. They make a point of that as well. Most recently they had gall to come to university here and sell computers, telling how wonderful their OS is. Well it is. What university students stand to gain from learning Carbon and Cocoa. Pretty much nothing. Most UI design jobs are nowadays with .NET and derivatives. (look at your favorite job board). So fine, their platform is superrior(i have a powerbook). However my professor and some other businesses had terrible dealings with apple, on business level. Professor worked at other university where apple had installed 2 large classrooms with early power pc computers and promptly proceeded to ignore the customers that suppose to become future developers and/or businessmen/leaders at large corporations, that possibly will order superrior apple hardware. Not so. No extra support beyond repairing hardware under warranty terms and having sales people calling about "more hardware", at a standard educational 15% discount.

    So, it is small they like, iPod is selling at least for a while. But that would take you only so far. When you fall on hard times, you fall onto your relationship net that you had built up over number of years.

    So during their presentation at the university, they have ignored questions about the relationship and his experience at previous university, only ignored the questions and continued their sales pitch. Needless to say, there are no orders of powerbooks, iMacs or MacPros.
    The feeling you get is that they eager to extract money from you and run. Questions like, "will there be deeper discounts if we fully commit to apple platform?" , was no, just standard discount. Write us a check please. I don't know much about business, but unless they alter the way they handle business clients, in the end apple will end up in the same ditch.

  94. small government by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Until the last old person has every last med, surgery, and prosthetic device they need, every pothole in every road has been fixed, and public schools are turning out 99%+ graduates who actually know what they were taught, I can't see any legitimate reason for the government to be acting the role of funder / arbiter of optional activities. Note that this isn't born of a dislike of art; quite the contrary. It's just born of liking people, and liberty, a lot better.

    While I agree with much of what you say, especially as regards liberty and small government, promoting tourism does have it's place. Those homeless and in need of medical assistance can benefit by tourism as it can create jobs and as more jobs are created employers will need to increase pay and/or benefits such as health insurance. What I am against though is governments giving big businesses financial aid in the form of eminent domain, guarantied loans, and tax breaks. Such projects need to stand on their own merits.

    Falcon
  95. The real solution was SELL DIRECT. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    It wasn't the fancy colored iMacs, the iPod, OS X or any great products that Apple made. It was understanding that their failure was that M$ was locking them out of the market. The SOLUTION was to sell great products direct to the public. That's it. Period.

    1. Re:The real solution was SELL DIRECT. by phillymjs · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't know if it was so much the selling direct as it was simply having a place where display-model Macs were prominently displayed and well taken-care of, with staff who could answer questions about them correctly-- as opposed to dirty, broken/sabotaged, disparaged by the sales staff, and shoved in the farthest corner of the store from the entrance (CompUSA, I'm looking at you!-- even after the 'store within a store' deal you made with Apple).

      ~Philly

  96. sports by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    I agree with you when you say that religion and sports should not be publicly funded. And I don't think they are. Even if your government does give money to a sports team, it's usually not with the intention of supporting that team, rather, it is intended to help its citizens by stimulating the economy.

    Rarely if ever will sports help an area's economy on a sustained basis. I may be wrong, as I've never heard of this happening, and if so then I challenge anyone who disagrees with providing evidence showing I'm wrong. The only example I know of that may work is from the Olympics in Athens in 2004, as all of the housing and such after the games were given away to many poor in a lottery style drawing. However it's still too early to know if it will help.

    Falcon
  97. is it hard programming for Macs? by falconwolf · · Score: 2, Informative

    When we tried to program we ran up against limitations associated with the programming languages available. They were good programming languages but they lacked the adequate documentation for us to make them really effective and useful. We contacted Apple. They bluntly told us that information was proprietary and we should hire Claris Works to write the software. That was it. We were out in the cold. No more Apples for me.
    ...
    Apple is succeding now with IPod etc largely because many many people can play. If they wanted to take out Microsoft, it would be easy. All they have to do is take their basic superiority in graphics and etc and lock the doors open to developers. It will be a short time indeed before MS is on the ropes.

    Have you ever used ADC, Apple Developer Connection? Though I haven't I've met some who have and they swear by it. I'm using now and have been using Windows almost exclusively for 8 years but when I get a new laptop hopefully within a few weeks I'll be getting a MacBook Pro. I'm just waiting for Apple to release one with the Merom Core 2 Duo cpu. When I do I'll be joining ADC as well.

    Falcon
    1. Re:is it hard programming for Macs? by Trumpet+of+Doom · · Score: 1

      It's happened... http://www.apple.com/ (too lazy to format it into the text, and not really sure how anyway)

  98. Mac clones by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Even more, Apple was being undercut by the clone manufacturers. While I'm still not sure opening up the market to the clones was a terrible idea, it is obvious that it hurt Apple bottom line in the 90s.

    While I'd like to see Mac clones there's one thing not many think about, Apple isn't just a software company they are that and a hardware company While Mac OS updates are more expensive than they should be, at least that's what I've heard a number of Mac users say as I've been a Windows user for years, Apple makes a lot from hardware sales. When Apple allowed Mac clones they lost more in hardware sales than they make from licensing Mac OS. There may be a balance there somewhere, where they can make as much from an increase of the sale of the OS as they loose from a decrease in hardware sales but would clone makers be willing to pay for a license and would Apple retain the reliability of Macs?

    Falcon
    1. Re:Mac clones by swb · · Score: 1

      > Apple tried that

      I hear that statement and dont know whether to laugh or cry. Apple tried it ONCE, and it "didn't work" (based on what criteria of "work"?) and under a very different set of circumstances -- OS 8 and PPC sucked wind compared to Win95/Intel combos of the era.

      I think they could make it work with a more compelling OS (OS X) and comperable hardware. And the definition of "work" needs to be better defined, too.

    2. Re:Mac clones by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      Here's a list of companies that made Mac clones:
      MacOS-Compatible System Specs (Mac Clone Specs). Clones were made from 1995-1998.

      Falcon
    3. Re:Mac clones by swb · · Score: 1

      Which pretty much proves nothing other than Mac fans are cheap, and nobody else was willing to spend money on the grossly underpowered and unstable PPC platforms and OS 8 combos when they could get Win95 an a faster P5 system for half the price.

      Nobody ever shipped a G3-based system as the cloning/licensing was killed before those actually competitive hardware platforms could be rolled out.

      But now that OS X can run on Intel, the hardware cost difference is mostly eliminated and the OS *is* compelling -- shifting another 10% of the PC userbase to OS X might be a balance-tipping action that would increase the quality and quantity of OS X software.

    4. Re:Mac clones by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Which pretty much proves nothing other than Mac fans are cheap

      Oh, so when they buy Apple, they're stupid for overpaying and when they buy clones they're "cheap"?

      Some of the clones were actually faster than any available Mac, so maybe they were only after speed.

      FYI, Windows 95 was not more stable than Mac OS 7.6 at the time. Yes, it had protection against user programs killing the OS, but what good is that when a bad driver or misconfigured OS can crash the machine several times a day?

      > Nobody ever shipped a G3-based system as the cloning/licensing was killed before those actually
      > competitive hardware platforms could be rolled out.

      Just plain wrong. Motorola and PowerComputing at the very least, had 750-based (G3) systems for sale.

      http://www.everymac.com/systems/motorola/index.htm l
      http://www.everymac.com/systems/powercc/index.html

    5. Re:Mac clones by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      But now that OS X can run on Intel, the hardware cost difference is mostly eliminated and the OS *is* compelling -- shifting another 10% of the PC userbase to OS X might be a balance-tipping action that would increase the quality and quantity of OS X software.

      While I'd like to see OSX be able to run on most any PC it still neglects to admit Apple is as much a hardware as a softwear company. Though I don't know, haven't seen the stats I'm pretty sure Apple makes as much if not more on hardware sales as it does on software. If true and Apple were to allow clones again the sale of clones wold hurt the bottom line. The only way it wouldn't is if they were able to sale OSX a lot more than they do now at a reasonable price. But then they'd become a software company in direct competition with Microsoft.

      Falcon
    6. Re:Mac clones by CheeseTroll · · Score: 1

      GP was correct: no clone G3 MacOS systems were ever sold. From your own links: Motorola: "It was officially announced, but since Motorola left the MacOS market, it never shipped." PowerComputing: "The PowerTower Pro G3 250 was officially announced, but because of the Apple-PowerComputing buyout, it never shipped."

      --
      A post a day keeps productivity at bay.
    7. Re:Mac clones by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > GP was correct: no clone G3 MacOS systems were ever sold.

      I stand corrected. I knew I had seen some of these systems advertised for sale, so I didn't click forward on those links. My bad.

      However, that same page lists models from Pios, Umax and Gravis that shipped with G3s (particularly in Germany), so it's not true that "nobody ever shipped a G3-based system." Don't know if they included Mac OS, though.

  99. Re:This article does shed some light on why apple by phillymjs · · Score: 1

    From what I gathered from various Apple history books, Apple management expected the clones to offer high-end models.

    Nope, you got it ass-backwards. The cloners were supposed to take the low end of the market that Apple wasn't that interested in. Apple wanted to keep the high-margin, high end of the market to themselves.

    The cloners didn't see it that way, and got into a pissing match with Apple over who could build the fastest boxes for the least money. There was at least a brief period where the fastest Mac you could buy was made by Power Computing, and Power Computing was not shy about advertising that fact. That was very bad for Apple, since their hardware sales were responsible for a much bigger chunk of their revenues than the OS licenses the cloners bought. If things kept going that way, Apple would've been in an irreversible death spiral a la Netscape: less revenue --> insufficient R&D funds --> inferior new products --> nobody buying your products --> repeat.

    Enter Steve Jobs. He returned to the company around this time, saw what a mess the cloning program was causing, and acted quickly to end it. The cloners' licenses only covered Mac OS 7.x, so Jobs decided that what should really have been called Mac OS 7.7 was going to instead ship as Mac OS 8.0, which he then refused to license to the cloners-- extracting Apple from a bad situation via a technicality.

    When allowing clones nearly killed the company the last time they tried it, is it really any wonder that they are so reluctant to try it again?

    ~Philly

  100. webcams and employees by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    That software isn't a problem. That software can be removed. What might be considered a problem is a webcam in every computer. Some companies don't like that.

    I don't know about using webcams but employers are watching what thier employees are doing online with employer owned pcs, mostly because the possibility of lawsuits when inappropriate content is viewed and from employees using pcs for personal reasons and work suffering from it. If employers get more courious about what employees are doing they may want webcams to keep an eye on them. Personally I wouldn't want to work for any such employer but...

    There is also application availability, many corporations need some obscure or custom app that's not available on OS X, and the cost of Parallels and the maintenance hassle of supporting something like that might not be worth it, that sort of arrangement would more than offset the ease of OS X maintenance.

    I'm using Windows now but I plan on making my next computer a MacBook Pro and when I get it I'll get CrossOver Mac as well to run the Windows apps I'll want to run. The only one I can think of right now is XMLSpy, but if I can find an app like it for Macs then I'll try it first.

    Falcon
  101. Mac markets` by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Today a $1000+ system starts to look expensive to the enterprise, but lots of home users will spend that sort of money, or more, on a variety of consumer electronics. This is a whole new market, but nobody really noticed its potential until a couple of years ago. Apple truly did see it earlier than many others (but certainly wasn't the first). They made this neat little bit of software that organised your music collection - the iPod was just an add on to that originally. Then they looked at photos, home videos, etc.

    I wouldn't say the home market is a new one for Apple and Macs. Way back when, mid '80s, most people I knew who got a computer to use at home got a Mac, not more than 1/4 to 1/3 got a pc with DOS. Then graphic artists were getting them. Even now some graphic artists won't use anything else.

    Falcon
  102. Unfortunate accident huh . . . by evgen88 · · Score: 1

    I thought Apple came back because of MS's ati-trust suit, which ended up with MS investing in Apple to spur "competition". They did make nice PCs and make a nice MP3 player and advertise the hell out of it.
    But that was after they were "back"

  103. Apple gets out stuff first? by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Where Apple score is that they get the new stuff out first so it's hard to make a comparison.

    If only this were true. I'm typing this on an HP PC but I plan on replacing it with a MacBook Pro, I'm just waiting for Apple to release one with the Merom Core 2 Duo. I've been waiting for weeks yet while Dell, HP, and others have laptops with the Core2 in them Apple hasn't even announced when they will release one. After several years and a few PCs with Windows driving me to switch, if I weren't set on getting a Mac instead of dealing with more trouble from Windows, Activation, and WGA I would of gotten a laptop with Windows by now. But I'm fed up with Windows, Gateway, and HP. So I'm hoping Apple releases the MacBook with the Core2 Duo within a few more weeks. If not I may break down, get a PC, and install Linux on it.

    Falcon
  104. problems with Macs? by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    I couldn't agree more about the classic Mac OS. Not only was it unstable (I typically experienced a total system lockup about once a day), but it also offered absolutely nothing for power users. And not only was that hardware to run it very expensive, it was also slow.

    I've had the opposite experience with Macs. I've bought two used Macs, the first was a Mac SE30 I got in 1992, and the second is a PowerMac 7300/200 I got in 2000. The SE30 lasted me from '92 to 2000 when the Floppy disk drive failed. I had no other problems with it, well other than it only had a 20MB HD, 720KB floppy, and no cd. The PowerMac lasted me until early this year, it doesn't seem to be booting up though I'm not sure what the problem is. However I'm typing this on the fourth PC running Windows I got since 1998. Counting all 4 PCs I've had to replace 3 hds, it seems the hd on the PC I'm using now is failing too, three ram modules, and two motherboards. Then on one of them, a laptop, the LCD cracked a couple of months after I got it and though I got an extended warranty with it it wasn't covered. With the OS, on three of them Windows crashed and had to be reinstalled a couple of tymes each, when they crashed I called tech support and they told me to reinstall Windows. Only one of the 4 PCs has not given me either hardware trouble or trouble with Windows, and that one is a DEC Alpha running NT4. Because it's CPU is an Alpha not an AMD or Intel though I haven't been able to install much software so I haven't used it much.

    Falcon
  105. Mac clones by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    They could sell OS X for non-Apple hardware with hardware keys to limit copying.

    Apple tried that, but they lost more from a reduction in hardware sales than they made in licensing the Mac OS. The only ways to solve this and still allow clones is to either limit what clone makers can do and set the prices they can sale at, raise the price of licenses, and/or reduce thier own hardware costs and therefore the price of Macs. Given that why would anyone become a potential clone maker? But the fact is is Apple is both a hardware and a software maker.

    Falcon
  106. Paxkard Bell by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Similarly, there was an old American electronic company called 'Packard-Bell' that made good electronics in the past. Ain't here no more.

    A more appropriate name was Packard Hell. They were the worst pc manufacturer I knew of. Now one manufacturer that was terrific was Zenith. That is if you got one that didn't have any problems in the first month. If there weren't then it'd last and last but if you had a problem in the first month then you'd always have a problem.

    Falcon
  107. Digital, DEC by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    There have been many companies that have failed during the 90-ties... the greatest loss propably beeing Digital.

    Yea, I've got a box with a DEC Alpha next to me. As I could hardly get any software installed I wish FX!32 had been developed more.

    Tru64, propably the best UNIX in the world... too bad some jerks killed it.

    I don't know about this, I didn't have Tru64 installed but I did NT4 and Redhat.

    Falcon
  108. Amigas by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    In most ways, the original Mac was no match for its competitors, not only the Intel/Microsoft PC, but also other 68k-based competitors like the Amiga.

    I loved Amigas and if modern ones were still being made I'd get one. I recall years ago watching an Amiga running MacOS with a new Mac next to it and the Amiga ran faster. They also had the ability to run Windows so a person could conceivably run Amiga OS, MacOS and Windows all on the same machine. Commodor's marketing was terrible though,and I was hoping when Gateway bought the Amigas they'd revitalize it. Unfortunately they didn't.

    Falcon
  109. Microsoft bashing by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    I've been reading Slashdot for years and years. No one really talks about it but this site has an obvious agenda which is anti-Micro$oft. Do I care? No. Is it a big deal? No. I'll continue to read this site like I have for years because they cover great things in the technology industry but don't even tell me that this isn't true. It's so blatant to me.

    I too have been reading slashdot for years and I frequently read critizisms like your's. If slashdot is so partisan why do I keep seeing these posts? Then again I also read them about Macs, and Linux as well.

    Falcon
  110. Today? by hummassa · · Score: 1

    Compiled in less than 3 minutes: will Stallmann kill the linux revolution (today?)
    2006.10.16: Root Exploit For NVIDIA Closed-Source Linux Driver
    2006.10.12: IceWeasel Why Closed Source Wins
    2006.10.03: Weakness In Linux Kernel's Binary Format

    Man, this is a site that, while obviously pro-linux, is not blind. But yeah, Windows sucks and Linux sucks. Only linux sucks far less.

    --
    It's better to be the foot on the boot than the face on the pavement. ~~ tkx Kadin2048
  111. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    First, a BMW is a lot different from a Honda Civic. Some people actually enjoy driving. The feel of a crisp shift, the ability to take a sharp curve, the push back in your seat when you hold the accelerator to the floor. I guess these people could buy 2 cars - one that is a daily commuter and one to take out on joyrides or to the track. But I fail to see how buying twice as many cars would help save natural resources. Second, when my wife needed a car I wholeheartedly recommended a Honda Civic or Toyota Corolla. She got a Civic. I'm tall, however, and don't fit in a Civic very comfortably. When I moved further away from work, I bought a Saturn that I also didn't really fit in, but it was CHEAP and it got 40 MPG!

    I had a couple of restrictions when I bought my Blazer. I don't fit in most compact cars very well. Volkswagens do let me put the seat back pretty far, and I did consider a Golf. I couldn't get one for 6 weeks or so, and my car was not up to another 6 weeks of commuting... it was pretty much dead. I tried to go up to the next size of sedan, but frankly I couldn't see myself in a Malibu - it was like a crappy version of an Accord. I pretty much had to buy my car from our friend who is a car dealer, so I was restricted from most of the Japanese brands except for Subaru. After spending the whole day at the dealer, I surprised myself by coming down to choosing between a Jeep Grand Cherokee and a 2-door Chevy Blazer. I ended up taking the small-ish (for a truck) Blazer. It turned out to be very handy - it was every bit as utilitarian as a station wagon, so I could throw my bike in the back or my boat stuff. The only station wagon available to me was the Passat Wagon, which was too expensive and not very fast. The Blazer had a nice big back seat, which is my biggest beef with the Civic. It could tow my boat (no borrowing someone's pickup!) It also was in two major accidents. In the first, my wife walked away just fine after a guy ran a red light and she t-boned him. In the second, I was rear-ended while traveling about 45 MPH on I-95, and we actually drove away (the Volvo did not). I know that the rollover risk is high for SUVs, but you can drive like a sissy and avoid that for the most part. Mostly, though, gas mileage was not high on my list. I lived close to work, what did I care how much millage it got - it wasn't a commuting car. The furthest that car ever had to commute was about 5 miles. Oh, and it was much, much "prettier" than a Civic! :)

    But to answer your question, why did I need an SUV? I didn't. Most people don't need a 4-seat car so that they can commute by themselves to work each day. One just makes a tradeoff between efficiency, convenience, quality, and aesthetics.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  112. the article itsel by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    is extremely repetitive. It says the same thing five times: "Market share was the wrong approach." X 5. Alright alrady! Get ON with it.

  113. Re:Marketing style over substance? by frank_adrian314159 · · Score: 1
    Every time I see public art, Christmas decorations, government-participation in parades, I grinch about it. I just can't see the government holding any legitimate position costing even one dollar in any non-critical activity...

    I'd be much closer to your point of view if I really felt that the government would spend any funds removed fron non-criticial activities on those that were critical, rather than simply shifting them to another non-critical item. Given that there will always be some governemental activities that some deem "non-critical" and that people will disagree on which of these activities belong in which category, there willa lways be money spent on "non-critical" activities. I think that any dollars spent on art are relatively innocuous and so I support those decisions. After all, the government could be using them for more security (read abridgement of rights) or YACS (Yet Another Corporate Subsidy). Both of these potentially could have much greater negative consequences than giving a museum $10,000 to put on an exhibit that includes an Andre Serrano work (And oddly enough, you don't hear much about the other works displayed in the show, huh? Why is that?).

    --
    That is all.
  114. the $150 million was pocket change by argent · · Score: 1

    This is a popular meme, but the evidence is that the $150 million settlement-disguised-as-investment wasn't critical. Apple wasn't hurting financially, they were flailing around technically. Steve's axe wasn't so much about saving money as giving Apple a direction... any direction.

  115. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    I think that the idea has merit in smaller communities, but would get too bogged down in cities - and wouldn't work at all on the national level. You'd need an accountant to do your allocations for you each year :) Also, who gets to draw the line between what is and isn't "essential"? For instance, I'd argue that your clean needles program is "essential" because it is a public health concern. Also, picture a sizable minority (say, creationists) setting their school funding to 0% because evolution is taught. I don't really have an issue with allowing politician to stand-in for us on the political level, but I think we need to reform how those politicians are chosen to more accurately reflect the desires of the constituency. Things like Condorcet elections... we need more diversity in our government - the two-party system is not cutting it for me :) Interestingly, your tax approach is another way of accomplishing essentially the same thing. They are both preference-based, instead of plurality-based, ways of running government.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  116. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1
    For instance, I'd argue that your clean needles program is "essential" because it is a public health concern.

    Well, so would I, but if it was optional, I'd opt in.

    Also, picture a sizable minority (say, creationists) setting their school funding to 0% because evolution is taught.

    Nah. Education is critical. Imagine an uneducated populace. They'd do things like... I dunno... elect Bush? Uh-oh...

    I think we need to reform how those politicians are chosen to more accurately reflect the desires of the constituency. Things like Condorcet elections... we need more diversity in our government - the two-party system is not cutting it for me :) Interestingly, your tax approach is another way of accomplishing essentially the same thing. They are both preference-based, instead of plurality-based, ways of running government.

    I have no bone to pick with this. I think the US political system is so corrupt, so twisted, so corporately biased, that there is literally no hope of getting it fixed. Which isn't to say I am unwilling to try, but it feels like I'm beating on a stone wall with a feather. The people are relatively content (I believe because they are relatively wealthy, if they are healthy), and that's no formula for a revolutionary change in the political system.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  117. Re:Marketing style over substance? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    The problem is, there is a much more limited supply of dollars than one might think. The US debt is at about $25,000.00 per *person* right now, and taxes collected mostly go towards servicing that debt. So by definition, there is no "extra" funding. I see that as indicating that money directed to art and parks is not money well spent. I see your point about reducing the amount available for bad ideas (and which I would be willing to stipulate constitute most of what congress comes up with) but still, at the end of the day, the infrastructure needs funding, as do many other basic governmental responsibilities.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  118. Re:Behold the power of the journalist by phrackwulf · · Score: 1

    And after that, why I failed in the 90's, *sob*. Remember, whether you really failed or not, you at least have to have something adverse so you can look good when your amazing comeback kicks in a decade later and you write an book explaining how wonderful you and your company are.

    --
    What would Richard Feynman do, if he were here right now? He'd do some math and he'd follow through!
  119. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    Well, it depends on your personality whether you will find this reassuring or alarming, but I think history has taught us that the good times will not go on forever. There will be another severe recession/depression/panic, and with it will come political change. Whether it is GOOD or BAD change is up in the air :)

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  120. Utter Nonsense by ChiChiCuervo · · Score: 1

    The people who bought Perfomas were not "mac people." They were the Walmart crowd who bought what their kid's school had, who then would generally return them to Walmart when it crapped out or their kid realized he couldn't play Doom on it.

    I know.. I serviced HUNDREDS of those crapboxes back then, and nary a one was a owned by a "mac guy". Those rarely failed.

  121. Re:Marketing style over substance? by MightyYar · · Score: 1

    Can you comment on how the MacBooks are vs. the iBooks? I love my little 12" G4. I'd hate to know that the newer models are a step backwards. Not in performance, mind you, but in build quality, battery life, screen quality, etc.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  122. customer satisfaction by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Asking customers how they feel about manufacturers is certainly a useful exercise but it's hardly an objective measure of quality.

    I agree, a better though not the best metric is whether they'd recommend the company to someone they know, and like.

    Falcon
    1. Re:customer satisfaction by dfghjk · · Score: 1

      I don't agree with that. They're both subjective and nearly the same. Any differences between the two measures may well stem from hypocracy as much as anything else. Why would I recommend something to a friend that I thought poorly of? Why would I not recommend it if I thought highly of it?

      There is absolutely no doubt that Apple customers think differently about Apple than PC customers think of any of the PC suppliers and that immediately alters the outcome of a customer satisfaction poll. It still tells you what people think but it is in no way an even playing field. If, instead, the poll asked what you suggest, I would claim that the result would be even more stacked.

      Apple supporters evangelize vastly more than PC supporters (as you would expect from a minority platform) and they're much more likely to paint a rosy, problem-free experience regardless of whether it's true for them or not. They identify as a "member of the team" and frequently form emotional attachments to their computer that PC users, as a group, do not. PC users view the PC as a device whereas mac users view the mac as a lifestyle choice. There's no way a customer satisfaction poll will ever take that into account.

      I have friends who are totally into fashion. They have their favorite designers and are totally blind to the consistent horrible construction quality of the apparel and accessories in spite of the fact that the items they do own come apart with even casual use. They feel that the outrageous prices of such products are totally justified and they evangelize their favorites with passion. There's really no difference between these Gucci/LV/Versace lovers and many Apple lovers. They love their companies and are incapable of objectivity. That's not to say that the designers, or Apple, are bad, but you don't ask customers their opinions and expect objective results.

  123. That's one explanation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The version I heard was that Microsoft got caught red-handed with code in their products that was stolen from Apple. For $150M, Bill got to buy his way out of a lot of public scrutiny and some very expensive litigation. The fact that he got the advantages you listed were just sprinkles on the shit cake.

    1. Re:That's one explanation by ElitistWhiner · · Score: 1

      "Microsoft got caught red-handed with code in"

      That allegation was in-play... yes. Except Jobs doesn't play hardball day-to-day only to let his archrival walk away unharmed if Steve had Microsoft's red handed code in his possession. I didn't buy it then, Don't buy it now. It may have been true.

      Steve got what he needed more than anything else in the World at that moment. It put him back in the driver's seat with credibility and license to cross-market his product into the Microsoft pie. Apple couldn't do that without Word, Excel, etc...

      Bill G. had a big problem with anti-trust litigation. Apple was his best defence. His company needed for Apple to succeed more than risking copy-waste code blocks from Apple to keep one piece of software competitive.

      We would need an insider to salt the truth on this one. Neither of us has the inside scoop.