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Ramanujian's Deathbed Problem Cracked

Jake's Mom sends word of the serendipitous solution to a decades-old mathematical mystery. Researchers from the University of Wisconsin have unraveled a major number theory puzzle left at the death of one of the twentieth century's greatest mathematicians, Srinivasa Ramanujan. From the press release: "Mathematicians have finally laid to rest the legendary mystery surrounding an elusive group of numerical expressions known as the 'mock theta functions.' Number theorists have struggled to understand the functions ever since... Ramanujan first alluded to them in a letter written [to G. H. Hardy] on his deathbed, in 1920. Now, using mathematical techniques that emerged well after Ramanujan's death, two number theorists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have pieced together an explanatory framework that for the first time illustrates what mock theta functions are, and exactly how to derive them."

205 comments

  1. Lack of information by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Article really doesn't contain much information! Anyone else give some light on this article?

    1. Re:Lack of information by arlo5724 · · Score: 5, Informative

      The mock theta functions are special functions that describe of host of phenomena, the most interesting of which is probably its relation to modular forms. There has been a great deal of controversy as to how these functions should actually be defined in the abstract sense and for the most part any serious attempts at figuring them out have involved using nothing more than the functions that Ramanujan himself wrote down in a notebook right before he died. It will probably be some time before this "solution" appears in a final, published form so don't get your hopes up unless you have connections to number theorists close to the activity. If you are at a university you can look up scads of articles on the topic from JStor, or just browse the bounded periodicals in the library.

      This is cool and all, but the real kicker will be if Peter Sarnak from Princeton proves the Riemann Hypothesis (rumor has it he is on the way to doing so).

    2. Re:Lack of information by Dunbal · · Score: 5, Funny

      You mean there was even MORE math after "Integration by Parts"? Sheesh you guys need to get a life :P

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    3. Re:Lack of information by Big_Monkey_Bird · · Score: 1

      I didn't realize math was so naughty. This gives the name, Norbert Weiner, more meaning.

  2. Good job! by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The summary didn't refer to Ramanujan as "the Indian math guy" this time! Great work! (Don't ask how I remember that one.)

    Although, it could do with one less "i" ...

    1. Re:Good job! by Slooze · · Score: 5, Funny

      Heheh...no kidding. When I saw "Ramanujian" in the header, my first thought was, "An Armenian created a math problem?!"

    2. Re:Good job! by The+Clockwork+Troll · · Score: 5, Funny

      This does seem like good work, but realistically we won't know how important it is until it appears as a deus ex machina device on NUMB3RS.

      --

      There are no karma whores, only moderation johns
    3. Re:Good job! by PatrickThomson · · Score: 1

      are you kidding? the Ramanujian they have is the co-manifestor of deus ex machina, which makes her a goddess.

      --
      I am one of many. My idea is not unique, nor do I expect my voice alone to sway you. I speak in a chorus of opinion.
    4. Re:Good job! by foo+fighter · · Score: 1

      Hah!

      One of the best comments I've read here in quite some time.

      --
      obviously no deficiencies vs. no obvious deficiencies
    5. Re:Good job! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is there anyone who can provide a link with the mathematical explanation of all this?

    6. Re:Good job! by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 3, Funny

      I know how:

      "Hm, it seems this perp is following a pattern ... kind of like how Srinivasa Ramanujan found patterns."

      [long and vague digression on Ramanujan's work that conveys nothing other than "it's complicated"]

      [condescending reference to the hot chick's heritage]

      "So that implies that he'll strike *here* next."

      [catches perp]

      ****

      Is that about right?

    7. Re:Good job! by Wintermute__ · · Score: 1

      Damn it man! Can't you warn us innocent readers before dropping a complete spoiler like that? Now I know how every episode this season is going to end, you insensitive clod!

    8. Re:Good job! by Kris_J · · Score: 1

      I think I've seen that episode.

  3. Spelling error by kraemate · · Score: 4, Informative

    Spell error in story title! Its Ramanujan, without the 'i'.

    1. Re:Spelling error by boingo82 · · Score: 5, Funny

      But...but....with the "i" it almost anagrams to "marijuana"!

      --
      As a republican I feel it my responsibity to manufacture criminals. People need punished!
    2. Re:Spelling error by Tilzs · · Score: 5, Funny

      I think you imagined the "i"

    3. Re:Spelling error by Dunbal · · Score: 1

      I think you imagined the "i"

      "i" is a classic example of why you mathematicians and we programmers will NEVER get along ;)

      int i;

      for(i= 0; i MAX; i++){}

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    4. Re:Spelling error by gsn · · Score: 5, Funny

      Ramanujan was already a complex guy.
      Trying to Wick rotate him would be a pretty negative thing to do.

      --
      Reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled.
    5. Re:Spelling error by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh, fer heaven's sake!
      Mod
      Parent
      Up,
      Please! That's worth at least a +1 Funny!

    6. Re:Spelling error by retrosteve · · Score: 1

      Just like a mathematician, to have an imaginary i floating around somewhere.

      Those guys are complex.

    7. Re:Spelling error by jdcool88 · · Score: 1

      You mean, he's not imaginary?

    8. Re:Spelling error by Vexorian · · Score: 1

      There is no I in Ramanujan?

      --

      Copyright infringement is "piracy" in the same way DRM is "consumer rape"
    9. Re:Spelling error by 644bd346996 · · Score: 1

      Yep. The complex numbers are not an ordered field.

    10. Re:Spelling error by lambini · · Score: 1

      It is probably the marijuana speaking

    11. Re:Spelling error by Kingrames · · Score: 1

      He's a mathematician. The i is imaginary.

      --
      If you can read this, I forgot to post anonymously.
    12. Re:Spelling error by bean123456789 · · Score: 2, Funny

      I think you imagined the "i"

      enter the existentialist theories...

    13. Re:Spelling error by treeves · · Score: 1

      Someone please mod up SQRT(-1)!

      --
      ...the future crusty old bastards are already drinking the Kool-Aid.
  4. Curiously enough by TubeSteak · · Score: 4, Funny

    Now, using mathematical techniques that emerged well after Ramanujan's death, two number theorists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have pieced together an explanatory framework that for the first time illustrates what mock theta functions are, and exactly how to derive them.

    There's gotta be a Scientology joke in there somewhere
    --
    [Fuck Beta]
    o0t!
    1. Re:Curiously enough by elronxenu · · Score: 1
      I mock up my operating theta?

    2. Re:Curiously enough by metlin · · Score: 3, Funny

      Moderators, the Thetans are strong in this one.

    3. Re:Curiously enough by lhand · · Score: 1

      I, for one, mock our new thetan overlords!

  5. Bloody lack of details... by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 5, Informative
    Since the article STILL doesn't define what a mock theta func is, what is, and how can it be applied?

    Guess the wiki still needs to be updated

    There is (as yet) no generally accepted abstract definition of a mock theta function; Ramanujan's own definition of the term is notoriously obscure.


    --
      "I want to work in Theory -- everything works in Theory!" -- John Cash, id
    1. Re:Bloody lack of details... by Dilaudid · · Score: 1

      Since the article STILL doesn't define what a mock theta func is, what is, and how can it be applied? Yeah the journo told me he left that at home with his one-line explanation of string theory.
    2. Re:Bloody lack of details... by jd · · Score: 4, Informative
      A quick search shows that mock theta functions are a special case of Jacobi theta functions which are a form of Jacobi Elliptic Functions which are a type of elliptic function. Ok, this explains next to nothing.

      Arxiv doesn't appear to carry the paper, and only two papers in it relate to mock theta functions at all. One of them is a transformation formula for second-order mock theta functions and the other talks about mock theta functions as quantum invariants, whatever that means. A glance at the paper suggests that mock theta functions relate to a key element in topology, but my maths isn't nearly good enough to tell you exactly what is being described.

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    3. Re:Bloody lack of details... by Hoi+Polloi · · Score: 1

      Mock Theta Functions are equations that make fun of Theta Functions.

      There goes my Mock Theta Function solving hobby.

      --
      It is by the juice of the coffee bean that thoughts acquire speed, the teeth acquire stains. The stains become a warning
  6. Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by pyite · · Score: 3, Informative

    Ramanujan was so amazing. His work on integer partitions was enough to be revolutionary, yet he hardly stopped there--all before dying at such a young age.

    --

    "Nature doesn't care how smart you are. You can still be wrong." - Richard Feynman

    1. Re:Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ramanujan was so amazing. His work on integer partitions was enough to be revolutionary, yet he hardly stopped there--all before dying at such a young age.

      Thanks for sharing. Now we all know you know what integer partitions are. That was important.

    2. Re:Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by justthinkit · · Score: 2

      He was indeed. My favorite (ok, only) story about him is:

      I remember once going to see him when he was lying ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxi cab number 1729 and remarked that the number seemed to me rather a dull one, and that I hoped it was not an unfavorable omen. "No," he replied, "it is a very interesting number; it is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two different ways."
      - Godfrey H. Hardy (1877-1947)

      --
      I come here for the love
    3. Re:Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by artgeeq · · Score: 1

      It certainly is. I took a course in partition theory many years ago (as an undergrad math major), and I found this to be some very elegant mathematics. It is such elegance that sometimes makes me wish that I had pursued a career in mathematics instead of "computers", though like many, I followed the money.

      A google on "parition theory" will turn up a much information on this.

      Also, as I recall, eliptical functions (referenced in another post) were used to prove Fermat's Theorem.

    4. Re:Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by ioshhdflwuegfh · · Score: 1

      All this being about a mathematician and all, I could not have not noticed that the story is Hardy's (and there are some more in his book "Ramanujan: 12 lectures on subjects suggested by his life and work")

    5. Re:Ramanujan keeps getting more impressive... by pyite · · Score: 1

      I believe 1729 was mentioned in the movie Proof which contained not enough math to make the average math geek enjoy and just enough math to make the average girlfriend annoyed. Still an awesome story about Ramanujan though :-)

      --

      "Nature doesn't care how smart you are. You can still be wrong." - Richard Feynman

  7. How to solve a mathematical mystery by NotQuiteReal · · Score: 0, Offtopic
    1) Become a really clever mathematician and prove something.

    2) Solve some mystifying dilema.

    3) Become really, really famous.

    4) Then you can jolly well tell other mathematicians what to do!

    or something like that... apologies to Monty Python, et. al.

    --
    This issue is a bit more complicated than you think.
    1. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't think Monty Python, et. al. cares... but, um, you could apologize to us readers. My eyes are gouged out and in the palms of my hands. How will I intellectually masturbate?

    2. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by martinkb · · Score: 0

      1) Become a really clever mathematician and prove something. 2) Solve some mystifying dilema. 3) Become really, really famous. 4) Then you can jolly well tell other mathematicians what to do!/blockquote 5. Profit.
      --
      :: Martin
    3. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by Dunbal · · Score: 1, Troll

      3) Become really, really famous.

        I propose:

          3) Become really, really famous while at the same time guaranteeing you will never ever have sex with a conscious human female.

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    4. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by slashbob22 · · Score: 1

      You seem to have missed a step, the infamous x)???.

      This seems to be a simple case where if we solve the equation:
      X=?
      ?="Answer"
      "Answer"="Implement Joke Correctly"
      Therefore, X="Implement Joke Correctly"
      QED

      --
      Proof by very large bribes. QED.
    5. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by Dunbal · · Score: 4, Funny

      How will I intellectually masturbate?

            Simple. Redefine the universe's parameters such that intellectual masturbation is no longer necessary, and place yourself in the appropriate set. You're a mathematician. You can do ANYTHING. Duh!

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    6. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't necrophilia a syndrome of being a mathematician?

    7. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Crap! I just placed myself in an alternative universe and now I can't get out! Help!

    8. Re:How to solve a mathematical mystery by 5of0 · · Score: 1

      You fail at life. Or at least at using the preview button. And yes, I am hitting the Preview button.

      --
      You all have Oo.o and Firefox, so get World Wind.
  8. Yawn! by kraemate · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    After reading this news article, i just remembered that i had a vague dream about a week back. That goddess said something about these mock-theta functions, but on waking up the vision was gone. Sigh.

  9. ken ono by notgm · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    i'm pretty sure i had ken ono as a professor at the U of I in '95. He's a crafty man with long hair. i hated that class.

  10. Ramanujan by theurge14 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From what I've read about Ramanujan, what I still can't understand is how a guy from a poor background with little to no formal schooling is able to just sit around and write in a notebook and come up with the equations he did. I just have to wonder what it was in nature that made him so more adapted to mathematics than the rest of us mere mortal humans. This guy was on a completely different level. Mozart comes to mind when I think of him.

    1. Re:Ramanujan by teetam · · Score: 4, Interesting

      He was poor and from a poor country, but he did go to school and learn math there. He just happened to be fascinated by it and continued to work on it, neglecting everything else. He obviously also had a knack for math. That has nothing to do with poor or rich.

      Math, being theoritical, does not require a lot of external resources (like laboratories etc.)

      --
      All your favorite sites in one place!
    2. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Not quite.
      He did not have advanced learning in math.
      even though he went to school, in the end he was so enamored with maths that he stopped studying everything else, which cost him high. He was unable to get through to college. Thus, his knowledge was limited and was from primarily two books he found in the library.

      Hardy once even mentioned that his greatest regret was that Ramanujan did not have the higher learning that would have avoided him rediscovering many - many theories. On one count, 1/3 of his discoveries were re-discoveries

    3. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe he was a great professor in his previous life? Mozart believed he was a musician in his past lives . . .

    4. Re:Ramanujan by ookabooka · · Score: 1

      Mozart comes to mind when I think of him.

      How? Mozart was very privileged. When his father saw a little musical talent in him, he threw plenty of resources to develop that talent including "instruction in clavier, violin, and organ." Wiki-link. This was all at the age of 3 mind you, one has to take into consideration the amount that you can condition a human being to excel in a certain area if you train them from such an early age.

      --
      If you are about to mod me down, keep in mind that this post was most likely sarcastic.
    5. Re:Ramanujan by ezzthetic · · Score: 4, Informative

      He won prizes at school for his maths prowess, and went to university on a scholarship. He lost the scholarhip due to his obsessive inability to do other aspects of the curiculum that were not maths related, or which were offensive to his Brahman beliefs. There was never any doubt that he was mathematically gifted, and his mother promoted him intensively. There seems to be a myth that he was an illiterate peasant who happened to stumble on a maths book came from, but I don't know where it came from.

      --
      You know what they say about opinions. They're all fabulous!
    6. Re:Ramanujan by bogjobber · · Score: 2, Informative
      There seems to be a myth that he was an illiterate peasant who happened to stumble on a maths book came from, but I don't know where it came from.

      Ramanujan is mentioned in the movie Good Will Hunting and that is how he is presented. That's the first time I heard of him. I'm sure people just use that myth because it's not too far from the truth and makes a much better story.

    7. Re:Ramanujan by OldManAndTheC++ · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's sad to think that geniuses may languish among the world's millions of underprivileged children who lack access to education. When you think of the potential impact of a single person of the caliber of Mozart, Ramanujan, etc., our civilization could be missing out on some truly wonderful things.

      --
      Soylent Green is peoplicious!
    8. Re:Ramanujan by servognome · · Score: 1

      I just have to wonder what it was in nature that made him so more adapted to mathematics than the rest of us mere mortal humans
      A little bit of talent, a lot of desire.
      --
      D6 63 0D 70 89 81 BB 8E 7B 7C 5F 5D 54 EA AB 73
    9. Re:Ramanujan by malkir · · Score: 1

      Maybe he didn't just discover these super nifty equations, maybe what has been overlooked is the massive amounts of shrooms he ate before writing them! Still, this guy kicks ass.

    10. Re:Ramanujan by theurge14 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Quoted from Hardy "So the real tragedy of Ramanujan was not his early death at the age of 32, but that in his most formative years, he did not receive proper training, and so a significant part of his work was rediscovery..."

      And yes there were instances during his life when he struggled for money, even to eat.

      I'm not saying rich or poor makes you smart. I'm saying being poor tends to keep you from being discovered by the rest of us. The immense contributions of Ramanujan could have been lost to us all if Hardy had not taken the chance to bring a total unknown to Cambridge.

    11. Re:Ramanujan by MrBoombasticfantasti · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Still, that means that 2/3 of his discoveries are new and original!

      Might it be that education structures the mind to follow the known paths? Perhaps by not knowing the 'usual' solutions, you can come up with a more elegant and deep solution?

      --
      !ERR: Signature not found.
    12. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How? Mozart was very privileged. When his father saw a little musical talent in him, he threw plenty of resources to develop that talent including "instruction in clavier, violin, and organ." Wiki-link. [wikipedia.org] This was all at the age of 3 mind you, one has to take into consideration the amount that you can condition a human being to excel in a certain area if you train them from such an early age.
      Exactly. Mozart was nothing special. Oh, wait. I guess that doesn't explain why he has no parallel, despite millions and millions of similarly priveleged children with overly ambitious parents who push them. On second though, you are an idiot.
    13. Re:Ramanujan by The+Cydonian · · Score: 3, Informative

      Ramanujan's family was NOT poor. His father was among the first rung of urban middle-class professionals, who've just moved from their villages as (colonial) India's cities started expanding, finding employment as a minor clerk somewhere. His mother was very educated, and often sang in the local temple, thus earning some petty, but useful, cash in the process.

      They weren't well-off, but they weren't poor either. Ramanujan had no absolutely pressure whatsoever to find an actual job while he was sitting in the verandah of his Sarangapani Street house, and writing his fantastical proofs in that mystical notebook of his. (In fact, he got married while he was jobless, a prospect that is unimaginable even in still-arranged-marriage-friendly contemporary India).

    14. Re:Ramanujan by Punch-Drunk+Slob · · Score: 1

      He just happened to be fascinated by it and continued to work on it, neglecting everything else. If Ramanujan were alive today, he would be posting in Slashdot. Then again, if he were, he would not have had any work done :P
      --
      By the pricking of my thumbs, Something wicked this way comes: Open, locks, whoever knocks!
    15. Re:Ramanujan by rxmd · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Quoted from Hardy "So the real tragedy of Ramanujan was not his early death at the age of 32, but that in his most formative years, he did not receive proper training, and so a significant part of his work was rediscovery..."


      At the same time, Hardy acknowledged that "on the other hand he would have been less of a Ramanujan, and more of a European professor, and the loss might have been greater than the gain." (From Hardy's article in "The American Mathematical Monthly" 44.3 (1937), p. 137-155.)
      --
      As a state gets corrupt, its laws multiply; the most corrupt states have the most numerous laws. (Tacitus, Annales 3:27)
    16. Re:Ramanujan by phasm42 · · Score: 2, Funny

      It's sad to think that geniuses may languish among the world's millions of underprivileged children who lack access to education. When you think of the potential impact of a single person of the caliber of Mozart, Ramanujan, etc., our civilization could be missing out on some truly wonderful things.
      Yes, but think of all the Hitlers we're also missing out on. We'd better play it safe and hold them down. Besides, they only discover things I don't care about or don't want to hear.
      --
      "No one likes working in a hamster wheel, and your shop smells of cedar shavings from here." - TaleSpinner
    17. Re:Ramanujan by Frozen+Void · · Score: 1

      Education is overrated.It was his hobby,and he was dedicated to it.

    18. Re:Ramanujan by turing_m · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      The number of geniuses who aren't given an opportunity because they are born poor pales in comparison to the number of geniuses who haven't been born thanks to the dysgenic social engineering of the last 60 years.

      Ironically, most of it has been sold as "liberation" and "freedom" for women. They don't realize they have been had until they wake up age 38 in some job they don't hate, find out that the "free love" they have been having over the years has given them infertility, and can't find a good husband because men have been naturally selected to desire a young wife.

      One of the worst propaganda motifs has been the idea that intelligent women should prioritize career at all costs over making babies. Equal pay for equal work has also made it much more difficult for breadwinners/stay at home moms (due to doubling supply of labor), so outsourcing the mothering (which is done poorly by daycare) is more viable.

      It's not that hard a concept; if we want geniuses the best strategy is to breed more of them.

      --
      If I have seen further it is by stealing the Intellectual Property of giants.
    19. Re:Ramanujan by be-fan · · Score: 2, Insightful

      And how many potential geniuses do we miss out on when we teach 50% of our population to prioritize making babies over perusing their talents and goals?

      --
      A deep unwavering belief is a sure sign you're missing something...
    20. Re:Ramanujan by jahudabudy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      just that the education system has a strong tendency to indoctrinate those [Democratic] values

      You know, I have heard this many, many times, mostly as an indictment of the educational system. I'm not saying the educational system doesn't have problems, but I always found this to be a weird thing for Republicans to point out. "Educated people tend to vote Democrat." It could reflect some sort of bias in the educational system, or it could simply reflect a bias of informed, intelligent people towards Democrat. If I were trying to support the Republican party, I think I would try to downplay this particular trend. Then again, what do I know about political maneuvering?

      --
      ...sometimes, in order to hurt someone very badly, you have to tell that person terrible lies. - PA
    21. Re:Ramanujan by dpilot · · Score: 1

      But just think of the things that American society's lopsided distribution HAS produced - like Paris Hilton.

      --
      The living have better things to do than to continue hating the dead.
    22. Re:Ramanujan by Garse+Janacek · · Score: 1

      Whenever someone says something like this (which is pretty frequently) it occurs to me, it's sad to think that human beings languish among the world's millions of underprivileged children...

      But I guess the one-in-a-million starving, uneducated supergeniuses would affect us more :-P

      --

      I am the man with no sig!

    23. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And yet he received enough education to be able to notate his work on paper, such that others could read it and understand it. They might have just stopped at teaching him how to count and possibly, maybe, theoretically he still could have achieved as much, but would it have been as useful to the rest of us if it remained unintelligible? His participation in educational institutions to begin with is the main reason anyone paid attention to him.

      Might it be that education is the key to humans sharing and ratcheting up their knowledge over time, and that trite concepts of anti-intellectualism do little but distract us?

    24. Re:Ramanujan by blueskies · · Score: 1

      I saw a documentary about him once.

      He was in and out of foster homes throughout childhood. He ended up taking up menial jobs at a local university to be around math. But he lost his job when he almost went to jail for assault and battery and hitting a cop. But luckily one of the professors at the university noticed he solved some "unsolvable" problem on a chalkboard and got him paroled.

      He skips out on his parole, but Robin williams saves him by telling him it isn't his fault and he ends up driving cross-country for his girlfriend after Ben Affleck talks some sense into him. And then he dies from the Affleck brothers' acting.

    25. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or we could be missing another Hitler.

    26. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, I heard the contrary about his Mother. Apparently everyone thought he was a big failure and loser for his inability to excel at or be interested in anything aside from Mathematics.

    27. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      what I still can't understand is how a guy from a poor background with little to no formal schooling is able to just sit around and write in a notebook and come up with the equations he did.


      orly?

      http://www.lpcd.de/8/E2397_01.jpg
    28. Re:Ramanujan by bean123456789 · · Score: 1

      This guy was on a completely different level.

      Sounds like he was a savant, he just had the propensity to be good at mathematics, along with your musical Mozart reference, how about Beethoven (he was a great composer even when deaf)... pretty amazing what humans are capable of.

    29. Re:Ramanujan by Omnifarious · · Score: 1

      When approaching a problem, I often avoid learning too much about how others have done it before I try to think of a way to solve it. Sometimes I come up with the same thing as widely accepted practice, and sometimes I come up with something that's significantly worse than widely accepted practice, and sometimes I come up with something better. That latter is much less likely to happen if I fully educate myself on other people's solutions first.

      I do not think education is bad, and I'm not anti-intellectual. After I figure something out I go and learn how other people have done it. But I do think that education can easily untintentionally create dogma and that people should guard against this.

    30. Re:Ramanujan by BalkanBoy · · Score: 1
      > Math, being theoritical, does not require a lot of external resources (like laboratories etc.)

      Neither does programming in search of the almighty Benjamins and/or fame ("Registered Projects: 142,309 Registered Users: 1,521,643").

      --
      'A lie if repeated often enough, becomes the truth.' - Goebbels
    31. Re:Ramanujan by linuxrocks123 · · Score: 3, Funny

      > And how many potential geniuses do we miss out on when we teach 50% of our population to prioritize making babies over perusing their talents and goals?

      Okay, I'll play :)

      Tough question. It's widely known that the intelligence distribution of women tends less toward both extremes, so a factor of 2 increase in geniuses is a very liberal upper bound.

      On the other hand, if these geniuses have fewer children than they otherwise would, their genes will fail to be passed on. Since intelligence has a substantial hereditary component, this is a great loss to the pool of future geniuses, especially since some of their male children may have tended toward even more extreme high intelligence!

      So, if your social goal is to have a high number of geniuses, I'd suggest that society should repress intelligent women so that they instead make many babies :p

      --
      vi ~/.emacs # I'm probably going to Hell for this.
    32. Re:Ramanujan by linuxrocks123 · · Score: 1

      wtf?

      all of that comment after "Okay, I'll play :)" was supposed to be enclose in <devil_advocate> ... </devil_advocate>.

      Apparently "plain old text" isn't really "plain old text" anymore >.

      --
      vi ~/.emacs # I'm probably going to Hell for this.
    33. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "It's sad to think that geniuses may languish among the world's millions of underprivileged children" etc.

      Yeah, yeah. And all the ones lost to abortions, miscarriages, blow jobs...

    34. Re:Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Up until now, most USA citizens haven't had a college education. So it's been an advantage for Republicans to portray Democratic values as elitist and disconnected from the average man, and to have the Republicans claim to support the "family values" of the average family. As we enter an information age, more and more of the population needs some form of post-secondary education and the myth that the Republicans better represent the average American is getting harder and harder to uphold since so many of their actions do the oppposite. But for decades, that approach has served the Republicans quite well. Eventually, the human brain recognizes propaganda based on lies that don't match reality, even if it can take a while for the less informed.

    35. Re:Ramanujan by ConceptJunkie · · Score: 1

      Well, first off I'm not arguing as a Republican. Technically I am because I've put off re-registering as an independent for years, but that's beside the point.

      You've missed my point entirely. I'm not saying "educated people tend to vote Democrat". I'm trying to say that the education establishment has a strong influence over curricula, and is not above pushing their own agenda. It's an entirely different thing.

      The fact that the education establishment is strongly Democrat-leaning is undeniable. That they are largely incompetent in their jobs by succumbing to every goofy fad that comes out of the schizophrenic fever swamps of self-cloistered high academia, disempowering the rank and file teachers by denying them the tried-and-true tools of their trade and diluting their ranks with union rules that favor cronyism over meritocracy, undermining their authority with ludicrous policies like "zero tolerance" which only breed comtempt for rules, and squandering resources by managing their money like a drunk Congressman at a strip club (or Ted Stevens at a bridge planning meeting), can also be clearly demonstrated across large parts of this country.

      We are the richest, most powerful country is the world and yet our education system falls towards the low end of industrialized nations in quality (if not in spending). Given that continuing American pre-eminence in the fields of technology, manufacturing, and innovation in general, hinges largely on our ability as a society to recognize and nurture untapped resources (like budding Ramanujans) among us, it might be a good idea to start teaching our children phrases in Mandarin like, "Do you want fries with that?"

      Or we could try fixing the education system.

      --
      You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.
  11. Real World Uses? by Bonker · · Score: 1

    Both TFA and wiki mention that these functions keep cropping up in real world problems from chemistry and physics.

    So... uh, which ones?

    See, this is why I switched majors from physics. Any time I look at an infinite series, my head starts to hurt.

    --
    The next Slashdot story will be ready soon, but subscribers can beat the rush and slashdot the links early!
    1. Re:Real World Uses? by arlo5724 · · Score: 4, Informative

      To answer this very loosely, parts of these functions are bounded by geodesics with cusps at the corners, and this means that any geodesic structure of this type (certain types of chemical structures and a slew of phenomena in relativistic physics) can be partly described by those pieces of these functions and that it is possible that these functions represent a certain type of generalization for these structures, allowing scientists to better describe some existing structures with similar modular forms and even some that exist only in thought.

    2. Re:Real World Uses? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      English, motherfucker, do you speak it.

    3. Re:Real World Uses? by Bonker · · Score: 1

      Okay, I can kinda wrap my head around that. It's possible that an un-as-of-yet identified function in this group could describe a geodesic structure we haven't built or conceived yet?

      Hmm... I see how this could have some effects on nano-tech then, especially as carbon-nanotube and buckminsterfullerine research continue.

      Thanks, Arlo! Number theory may make my head hurt, but the implications are always fun to consider.

      --
      The next Slashdot story will be ready soon, but subscribers can beat the rush and slashdot the links early!
  12. Re:Outsource Math?? by PigIronBob · · Score: 1

    I did not know uou guys developed it in the first place? you live and learn

    --
    You never catch me alive
  13. Have you hugged a mathematician today? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "I just have to wonder what it was in nature that made him so more adapted to mathematics than the rest of us mere mortal humans. This guy was on a completely different level."

    Information may want to be free, but first someone has to think it up. Ideas may be universal but there aren't many Ramanujans out there to show us were they are.

  14. Ken Ono's seminar by alpha_foobar · · Score: 5, Informative

    It appears that Ken is holding a seminar at UW on March 29 2007 (http://math.uwyo.edu/DEPTCOLLOQ.asp#Mar%2029). We will probably have to wait until then for any details.

  15. Deathbed problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Surely his death-bed problem was that he was dying?

  16. Re:Outsource Math?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Whoa, assuming "we" refers to the United States, I sure hope that was a joke.

  17. Re:Outsource Math?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yeah. What comes around goes around. Now, if we could just find an American who knows where India is...

    Or, how about this:

    What do you mean, outsourcing? The Indians are right here. Although, I have to admit I have reservations about such a plan.

  18. Re:OK by SpaceLifeForm · · Score: 1

    Both PP and GPP should be modded Funny.

    Both PP and GPP being moderated Redundant
    is clearly an indication of a lack of caffeine.

    --
    You are being MICROattacked, from various angles, in a SOFT manner.
  19. some of the good drs' papers by Bananatree3 · · Score: 1

    Some of the papers being described can be found PDF on web page of Kathrin Bringmann (one of the two authors):http://www.math.wisc.edu/~bringman/. While it doesn't include the very latest, it includes some from last year on the topic.

    1. Re:some of the good drs' papers by tiny-e · · Score: 1

      Behold: The power of cheese.

      (do what you gotta' do... I couldn't resist.)

    2. Re:some of the good drs' papers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Stop cooking with cheese.

    3. Re:some of the good drs' papers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Cheese: The other white meat.

  20. Obligatory by Bananatree3 · · Score: 4, Funny
    1. Re:Obligatory by mihalis · · Score: 1

      Don't forget :

      I have a discovered a truly marvelous demonstration of this proposition beneath your current threshold

      The next truly marvelous demonstration will be ready soon, but subscribers can beat the rush and see it early!

  21. What a coincidence... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What a coincidence, I just figured out Fermat's last theorem, but this text box is too narrow to contain it.

    1. Re:What a coincidence... by SamSim · · Score: 1

      Slashdot text boxes are huge. You should have said you couldn't get all the symbols and numbers past the lameness filter ;)

  22. Clarification please by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    WTF are they talking about?

  23. Re:Wow, I sure Misread that Title... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    no.

  24. Say What.....? by IHC+Navistar · · Score: 1

    The only problem I've ever heard about people having on their deathbeds is that they are dying.

    --
    Knowing Google's lust for data collection, the Soviet Union is still alive and well inside the psyche of Sergey Brin....
    1. Re:Say What.....? by TheLink · · Score: 1

      But if you crack that problem then you'd be immortal.

      --
  25. the man who knew infinity by phreakv6 · · Score: 4, Informative

    not totally offtopic but i would like to recommend this amazing book (the man who knew infinity) to anyone interested in reading his biography. its one of the best biographies i've ever read.

    --
    fifteen jugglers, five believers
    1. Re:the man who knew infinity by The+Cydonian · · Score: 1

      Ramanujan is the only person I've ever considered as an idol. That book is the reason. I've been to countless places after I first read the book; I still carry my dog-ear-ed copy wherever I go.

      In fact, I think I'll re-re-read it again tonight; always good to look back on your heroes' stories and see where you are since you first read about them. (Not far away, I'm afraid, in my case).

  26. Disappointing by grimdawg · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As a young mathematician-in-training (just finished my undergrad degree), it disappoints me to see the kind of coverage the maths community gets.

    It takes a near-century-old problem to be solved to pop a maths story on slashdot - and TFA holds no details. To get on any kind of mainstream news, the Poincare conjecture needs to be solved, and then we get "Perelman proved a rabbit was a sphere".

    Mathematics at universities worldwide is being dumbed down for the pursuit of the cashed-up Engineering student. Mathematicians get no kind of acclaim for their work - even compared to other 'unglamourous' pursuits. People these days don't seem to appreciate the debt they owe to mathematics.

    What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage? A sex scandal?

    --
    There are 10 kinds of people in this world: those who understand binary, and nine other kinds of people.
    1. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Nonsense! As a working pure mathematician I'm grateful everyday that I get paid to do this. I'm continously amazed that I receive funding to work on problems that are highly unlikely to have any useful application. Suckers!

    2. Re:Disappointing by Nicky+G · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sex scandal? Uh, yeah... don't hold your breath.

    3. Re:Disappointing by jd · · Score: 4, Funny

      It would have to be imaginary, or complex. But that's a bit of a tangent from the point. The TFA is obtuse, cos() it doesn't exp()lain anything much. It would seem that the Slashdot crowd are caught on it Hooke, line and sinker, though. Of course, any maths problem is as easy as Pi, if you use sufficiently advanced techniques. However, if the problem cannot be differentiated meaningfully, can it be integral?

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    4. Re:Disappointing by arktemplar · · Score: 1

      ermm.. dont mean to flamebait or anything but mathematics started out as nothing more than a tool using which you can understand the physical world better, of course over the years it has grown to be a subject in its own right but at the moment unfortunately it doesnt have any greater importance to the mainstream public than as a plot device in Numb3r's (I think some one already made a joke on that). Mathematics (the number theory kind) unfortunately is very abstract at levels and doesnt SEEM to produce any physical result for the public to find it all glamorous (unlike say --- ??? nuclear fusion research ? )

      --
      blog plug -> The Darker Side of Light
    5. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A rabbit is not a sphere as it has two holes that are connected. If anything, it's a donut.

    6. Re:Disappointing by ezzzD55J · · Score: 1

      Haha, I wish I hadn't just wasted my mod points rating other comments funny :)

    7. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny
      What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage? A sex scandal?


      Sure! Jake's Mom submitted this story. I bet she's hot. I say go for it!

    8. Re:Disappointing by wathiant · · Score: 1

      "Perelman proved a rabbit was a sphere" Technically, since the intestinal tract runs from mouth to ass in one go, a rabbit should be considered a torus. In most people what comes out of their mouths and out of their asses is much the same, which would lead to a Möbius strip. Yet most of these people try to make themselves more like a donut by using the ancient method of 'you are what you eat'.
    9. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It is too friggen technical for the mainstream. What would showing the mainstream something like the diffusion equation accomplish? Solving these problems, do not directly help out the mainstream population. If you came up with a closed form solution to the Navier-Stokes equations would Joe Blow give a shit? No... not directly at least. Now if your solutions started to change the shape of commerical airplanes, which in turn caused a reduction in the amount of fuel being used, which lowered ticket prices... then a lot of people would care. Do you see my point? Your elegant solution means nothing unless it is applied (to the general population).

      Don't act all high and mighty either, you know there is math that has to be dumbed down for you (Clifford Algebra perhaps?).

    10. Re:Disappointing by Kopretinka · · Score: 1

      What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage? A sex scandal?
      If you guys ever applied your results, and didn't leave that to the physicists, computer scientists, economists etc., you might get some recognition. Heck, give me a good usable logics framework, I'll apply it to the Semantic Web and I'll mention your name in every interview when I'm famous for making SemWeb work.
      --
      Yesterday was the time to do it right. Are we having a REVOLUTION yet?
    11. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      You see what kind of puns you guys make when you finally get some coverage? We're not letting you have a story again until 2008.

    12. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Haha, I wish I hadn't just wasted my mod points rating other comments funny

      Yes, because that "nerds have no sex" joke never gets old, even after a thousand tellings.

    13. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why do you want your subject to be on slashdot?
      it's not a math but a computer board.

    14. Re:Disappointing by The_mad_linguist · · Score: 1

      Cryptography is a subset of mathematics. There are a *lot* of articles on cryptography on /..

    15. Re:Disappointing by RAMMS+EIN · · Score: 1

      ``Mathematics at universities worldwide is being dumbed down for the pursuit of the cashed-up Engineering student.''

      That's the inevitable backlash from exaggerating the importance of math to other fields. Speaking for computer science, there is a lot of CS that can be done without good math knowledge. If you make math a required subject, you will either hamper (otherwise) good computer scientists in getting degrees, or you will have to dumb down the math curriculum. I claim that both of these are happening.

      --
      Please correct me if I got my facts wrong.
    16. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What, coverage in UserFriendly and XKCD's maths jokes aren't good enough for you?

    17. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude, you never go ass to mouth!

    18. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      To make math more popular you will have to be creative.

      How about Math-scar. You can have the math competitors all dress up in highly colored sponsor clothing and race each other in math problems. Bumping is allowed, but not encouraged. Looking over a competitor's shoulder is considered drafting and is an acceptable practice for gaining momentum to pass. All problems will be worked on paper, but a crew of assistants will be used to change paper sheets, sharpen and swap out pencils, and make the switch to graph paper if it is determined to be an advantage.

      Oh. And don't forget the pit babes.

    19. Re:Disappointing by Bill,+Shooter+of+Bul · · Score: 1

      If you are in math for fame and fortune, you should really switch over to the business college. Preferably, the marketing dept.

      --
      Well.. maybe. Or Maybe not. But Definitely not sort of.
    20. Re:Disappointing by CodeShark · · Score: 1
      How about we start with a young mathemetician explaining why in the heck some of these unsolved mathematical problems even matter. Another poster started to explain something about how certain functions had to do with "cusps" on geodesic structures, but his explanation made about as mud.


      I can just about guarantee that if you can explain why this solution matters, your post will go to +5 on the moderation scale.

      --
      ...Open Source isn't the only answer -- but it's almost always a better value than the alternatives...
    21. Re:Disappointing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They can get "Mainstream Coverage" by defining division by Zero.
      Then we will be impressed... now back to the closet!

    22. Re:Disappointing by mdielmann · · Score: 1

      To get on any kind of mainstream news, the Poincare conjecture needs to be solved, and then we get "Perelman proved a rabbit was a sphere". Even worse, it's totally untrue! Don't believe me? Feed a rabbit a string. After a while it will hang out of both ends. It's clearly a deformed torus, not a deformed sphere. This is the exact opposite of what Perelman proved!

      Take that, non-mathematical pundits and biologically unaware mathematicians!
      --
      Sure I'm paranoid, but am I paranoid enough?
    23. Re:Disappointing by TheSalamanizer · · Score: 1

      You'll have to start taking less than 100 years to solve a problem if you want to keep me interested.

    24. Re:Disappointing by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      Mathematicians have sex, too. There's fair evidence that the causes which led to Galois' death in a duel qualify as a sex scandal.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    25. Re:Disappointing by bean123456789 · · Score: 1

      What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage? A sex scandal?

      I can't help myself:

      1)Did you hear about the calculus teacher who integrated with his grad students
      2)How about that pair, I hear they got on top of each other to make one (division joke)

      3)... I guess those Sine curves were too good to resist.

      ok that's enough for now.

    26. Re:Disappointing by purify0583 · · Score: 0

      What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage? A sex scandal?

      Unfortunatly, yes. Because everyone knows about sex. Well, maybe that was a bit of an overstatement on this forum but still I bet most of us here at least paid attention in 7th grade health class cause we knew we were going to need all the help we could get :).

      All joking aside though, I think its safe to say there are quite a few more people in the world who know about sex than there are people in the world who know what a "mock theta function" is. Even as a senior in EE/compE with substantial math training I would be hard pressed to even be able to figure what it is. Judging from the responses on the forum not many people here know either, and /. isnt exactly filled with math illerates. The problem with math is that is has progressed so much that in order to even be able to understand the existing problems left to be solved you probably need to be an advanced grad student.

      So yeah, congrats to the people who solved this problem. Im sure you did a great job. What it is you solved I dont know, but hopefully someday, maybe even within your great grandchildrens' lifetimes, it will be relevant to some real world application. Now, if you will excuse me...back to DLing pr0n.

    27. Re:Disappointing by DerekLyons · · Score: 0

      What's it going to take for mathematicians to get some mainstream coverage?

      Mathematicians who produce work that is actually somehow related to the real world. So much of mathematics is mathematics for mathematics sake. Even the more arcane and esoteric branches of physics and cosmology tell us something about our physical world - their mathematic equivalents seem to largely serve as continued employment programs for mathematicians.
    28. Re:Disappointing by geekoid · · Score: 1

      As long as you keep saying 'maths ' it's not going to get any better.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  27. Ramanujan by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    as opposed to Ramanujav, the indian mathematician who was killed in each and every one of his reincarnated lives by one Arthrur Dent

  28. Re:Outsource Math?? by fcolari · · Score: 3, Funny

    Silly, it's between Illinois and Ohio.

    --
    "The first rule of intelligent tinkering is to save all the pieces." --Aldo Leopold (Paraphrased)
  29. Re: Ramanujian's Deathbed Problem Cracked by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ramanujian's Deathbed Problem Cracked
    Oh thank God, this means we can finally bury him now!

    The stench has just been unbearable all these years...
  30. Ease of understanding & teaching. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Ease of understanding & teaching.

    I really think the reason why a lot of people are bewildered with math (& thus ignore it) is that they were never really able to approach it properly. Mathematics has a tendency in university to not explain itself properly. Things that I found rather simple in the end were just never explained clearly, were incomplete explanations, assumed you knew & understood concepts from other, unrelated courses, or were given "pseudo-explinations" that kind-of explained something but not properly, giving potential incorrect understandings that could be disastrous later (think high school math).

    The entire cutter mentality that math classes can tend to be in university don't help much either (what is probably the #1 reason why people drop their hard science/engineering/comp sci courses?? Probably MATH!)

    Once I figured whatever a concept really meant in math, I realized reading the textbook after the fact (sometimes several courses later) they use terms and concepts that aren't explained at all or they use really obtuse english sentences while simply defined symbolic language could easily show the concept. Actually most of it I found rather simple & clear in the end once I got to understand it but found that the textbook just explained it, badly or with huge gaps in their explinations.

    1. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by muecksteiner · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You have a very good point about math generally not being taught as well as it could be.

      Not in the sense that the curricula should be dumbed down in any way - this would not work out well in the long run.

      But there definitely is a streak of the beloved "if it was hard to code, it should be hard to understand" mentality to be found in mathematics.

      Introductory math courses at universities usually do not have concepts of such bewildering complexity on the curriculum, that they should be considered to be as "hard" as they turn out to be for everyone.

      However, they still are the bane of undergrads everywhere, and sometimes I wonder if the obtuseness of these courses is not just an in-joke perpetrated by the mathematicians.

      If you are not smart enough to "get it" in the arcane way the stuff is being presented, you woul not hack it further down the road anyway - at least not in pure math, and they are not inclined to have pity on anyone who could not have gone down that road in the first place.

      Or so the reasoning might go, when mathematicians are amongst themselves... :-)

      Note that the remarks in this posting mostly apply to the teaching of the kind of "working math" that an engineer might use, which (to put it mildly) can still be pretty involved in terms of complexity, but always has a goal-oriented quality to it that pure math does not necessarily share. This residual "grounding in reality" usually makes the teaching of even advanced concepts much easier - a potential bonus that (at least in my opinion) is not used nearly as often as it could be.

      A.

    2. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Flyboy+Connor · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I can relate to that. I studied math at a famous university for a couple of years before I dropped out. Here are some of the things I remember:

      We started with over 100 students in the first year. By the third year, the number had dropped to less than 10 students. Half of those dropped out later. The professors were proud of this fact.

      Each lecture took three hours, with one fifteen minute break. You were only allowed to ask questions in the last 15 minutes of the lecture.

      Professors only took the trouble to learn students' names when they entered third-year courses.

      I once wrote a research paper for one of the professors for a first-year course. In the very last paragraph of the paper I wrote a little joke. The paper was marked "A", then the "A" was crossed out, "C-" written below it, with an arrow pointing to the joke.

      Math students had access to the faculty mainframe (this was in the early 1980s), but did not get instruction on how to use it, as opposed to physics students. The reasoning was that math students either should not need computers for their work, or should be smart enough to figure it all out by studying the manuals.

      Professors often supplied example excercises. Students were encouraged to make these excercises and supply their answers to the professor. However, these answers were NEVER corrected, so that after a while students simply did not bother anymore.

      Professors were notorious for not preparing lectures, and working out examples as they were going along, often failing to prove what they wanted to prove. One particularly telling incident was when a professor was working out a complex proof, starting at the top left of one of the two four-piece blackboards in the hall, and chalking down, very fast, formula after formula. I was trying to follow his proof, but, of course, was always several lines behind. But I thought I did understand it, and was approaching to where he was. When he was at the bottom-right of the second blackboard, he paused, and kept staring at the last line he had written, muttering to himself. While I was approaching this last line (making lots of notes, because OF COURSE these proofs weren't in the textbooks or anything), he started scanning back. After doing this for about five minutes, he suddenly walked over to the first board again, changed a plus into a minus in one of the first lines, then made lots of changes in the rest of what he had written, and finally wrote "Q.E.D." at the bottom-right. Then he closed the blackboards and sent us on our way.

      Through this experience I thought I simply was not good enough at math. But when I switched to computer science, where math courses were taught by computer scientists, I passed with flying colours, usually as the best of the class. Not because the courses were easier, but because they were taught better.

    3. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Once I figured whatever a concept really meant in math
      That was the same process I went to understand how to grep the JavaDocs....
    4. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by justthinkit · · Score: 1

      Professors were notorious for not preparing lectures, and working out examples as they were going along, often failing to prove what they wanted to prove.

      And combining that with the parent's point about using Math as a cutter subject, we arrive at what it was like when I took engineering at the U. of B.C. One first year engineering calculus course was specifically used to weed out students and took out one-third of the class each year. By the luck of the draw my class got an old fart on sabbatical from New Zealand -- this guy had no clue about the course, rambled on incessantly, trying to prove stuff and failing on a regular basis, etc.

      I got so pissed off I started dropping in on another prof's class. He was the polar opposite and everyone in that class was fine. But to take it one stage further I still went to the old fart's class and started correcting him (by shouting out from the back...one of the few wonderful university traditions) whenever he messed up.

      At final exam time, as I walked to the old armories to take the test, the university clock tower (pumping out CITR through its speakers) played The Who's "Don't Get Fooled Again".

      All in all an unforgettable period of my life that I am still worked up about 30 years later.

      --
      I come here for the love
    5. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What's so difficult? Mathematicians explain everything so clearly. For example, try this:

      Take the bimodal pulpuous assemphotical beta non-linear Arminquaph function when combined with a tri-matrix garbly-goup herf-nerder function.

        x = q^eTj(5 % $ 2) [ m1; m3 ] + some a bunch of other special characters my keyboard can't produce ...

      thus after 12,348 steps I cleverly omitted,

      w = pi.

      The meaning of x, q, e, T, j, S, %, $, 2, m1, semi-colon, m3, the brackets, etc., in fact the whole revelance of anything at all in this universe, is left as an exercise to the reader.

      Why explain anything? It's all abstract, right?

    6. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Lord+Ender · · Score: 1

      Actually most of it I found rather simple & clear in the end once I got to understand it but found that the textbook just explained it, badly or with huge gaps in their explinations.

      Who gave you the right to criticize communication skills, Mr. Random Comma Guy?
      --
      A slashdotter who didn't build his own computer is like a Jedi who didn't build his own lightsaber.
    7. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by langarto · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Looks like your university was crap, no matter how famous it was.

    8. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1
      There is a certain amount of truth to the claim that math is taught badly. Explanations are often not clear, and there is a lot of emphasis on proofs in preference to understanding. This is especially true of pure math as contrasted with applied math. However,

      • some things are just hard to learn and only seem easy in retrospect.
      • People learn differently. The words that bring clarity to me may be muddy to you, and vice versa.
      • The words of someone who knows the subject thoroughly will be very different from the words of a newbie.

      There's a type of antenna known as log-periodic. That name made no sense to me, but describing the sections as a geometric series did.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    9. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Ibag · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Teaching mathematics is difficult. Many people can only think about things in terms of concrete examples, but even when math is trying to generalize a real world concept, it generally does so by using abstract looking definitions (which are made using precise terms, often employing a symbolic language). People generally don't care about these abstract ideas, though. They either want to know what a concept "means" or exactly how to use it. Often times, there aren't any good examples that illustrate exactly what something is, and which people could soundly base their understand on. Moreover, before university, many teachers don't understand what they are actually teaching, so they can't impart any real insight.

      If you were told to explain a toolbox to a group of people, without being allowed to pull in outside material (like wood or nails), and the people were looking for some sort of deep appreciation for a screw driver, you would probably have difficulty even if you were a professional carpenter. No cries of "You will need to know this later!" will make people pay attention, and you will be hard pressed to find something that will actually help people understand.

      What needs to be done is that people need to learn to think at an early age, become comfortable with abstract ideas, and the people teaching children about math need to understand what they are saying (so that they don't then say something wrong which forever taints someone's thinking). That way, when people get to college, they won't have to drop engineering classes because they don't like math.

    10. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I guess you couldn't hack it with pure math, but teaching the student's on "how to teach themselves", a logic course, mathematics's culture and it's other arcane quirks would go a long way in increasing undergrad survivability (and math degree enrollments). You could say the same about some computer science (with all it's potential quirks and antisocial masochism), but at least there's this huge availability of secondary resources, culture and what not in the form of the internet (and IRC) that you can latch on to. With mathematics, it's harder to find.

    11. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Arkaaito · · Score: 1

      I think you're absolutely right about the ease of mathematics. If you're learning from someone who genuinely understand how and why it works, and wants to convey that understanding to his students, undergraduate subjects seem completely intuitive and you wonder how anyone could ever consider it hard. More rarely, if you have a really great textbook, you can experience the same thing.

      And there really do exist good teachers of mathematics - plenty of them, actually. I've had the privilege to learn from some at uni. But you pretty much have to pick a college with the quality of the teachers in mind, and resign yourself to everything else (like the administration that wants the students dead, for example).

      Of course, this just makes it more painful when you have the professors who don't know their subject or don't know how to teach it, because you're sitting there wishing you could jump up and say "THIS IS SUPPOSED TO MAKE SENSE, DAMMIT!"

    12. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by SamSim · · Score: 1

      I have experienced similar issues in my studies of mathematics, though not to nearly the extent you did.

      The conclusion I came to is not that the lecturers and supervisors didn't know what they were doing. They were all clearly exceptional mathematicians. The problem was that that simply wasn't enough. Just because you can do mathematics doesn't mean you have any kind of ability to teach it. The ability to teach is not something that comes as naturally as mathematical ability does, it is very much a learned skill, and I think many of them needed more training in this area.

    13. Re:Ease of understanding & teaching. by Flyboy+Connor · · Score: 1

      It is in the top-50 world-wide, but, yeah, I too think the math department was crap. At least as far as teaching math was concerned. They might have written some awesome papers, though.

    14. Re: Ease of understanding & teaching. by gidds · · Score: 1

      Just because you can do mathematics doesn't mean you have any kind of ability to teach it.

      Actually, I think it's worse than that: the sort of mathematical ability that gets you to professorships often makes you a WORSE teacher.

      To be a good teacher, you need to be able to empathise with your students a little. You need to be able to see what someone is struggling with, and why they can't grasp something, so that you can join the right dots for them. (Even if this doesn't apply on an individual level, you'll need to know how to explain things so that the majority of your students can follow it.)

      But if you've never struggled yourself, if you've never had trouble grasping certain concepts, or following certain logical arguments, then you'll find it harder to do that. And it's precisely the most gifted mathematicians who are likely to be in that position.

      One of our lecturers was like that. He was unable to answer our questions, or explain things more clearly, because it was blindingly obvious to him already, and he couldn't comprehend how it wasn't just as blindingly obvious to the rest of us. It got to the point where we had to ask one of the assistants to give us a couple of lectures to explain it all.

      Ah, happy days... My mistake was in having a couple of excellent sixth-form maths teachers, so that I did really well at A-level and decided to go on to do maths at uni. In hindsight, I should have switched to CS or similar... (Mind you, that hasn't stopped me having a good career in IT, so no harm done.)

      --

      Ceterum censeo subscriptionem esse delendam.

  31. you left math too early by ^Z · · Score: 4, Funny

    There are smooth operators that act on imaginary numbers right by the corner. Then it gets really kinky. Consider improper integrals, strip functions, etc.

    --

    Computers make very fast, very accurate mistakes

  32. Mock theta functions? by Nephrite · · Score: 1

    I'm terribly sorry to be ignorant of what those are, but could somebody please give some links and references? The article itself say nothing at all. Bad article.

    1. Re:Mock theta functions? by NOLFXceptMe · · Score: 1, Informative

      A search on wiki gave these results http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_theta_function http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_theta_functions Both r informative,worth the read and ob not exhaustive...some external links given too. And the place where I find most of my info...WolframMathWorld ,the http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MockThetaFunction.htm llink directs to a page with some more info...

  33. Credibility? by p3ns4 · · Score: 0

    Last time I checked, the PNAS was a non-referreed publication, which in turn questions the credibility of the results for me

    1. Re:Credibility? by widdowquinn · · Score: 2, Informative

      I have no idea when you checked, but PNAS offers a number of tracks for submission, all of which are refereed (though cynics might think that some are refereed more stringently than others). The information is displayed for all to see at their information for authors page.

  34. Mock functions... by sankyuu · · Score: 3, Funny

    Wisconsin-Madison have pieced together an explanatory framework that for the first time illustrates what mock theta functions are, and exactly how to derive them.

    I resent that mockery, you insensitive... oh, I thought you said deride.
    1. Re:Mock functions... by zCyl · · Score: 1

      I resent that mockery, you insensitive... oh, I thought you said deride.

      Thet a good joke...
    2. Re:Mock functions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thet a good joke...
      That one, not so much though.
  35. /movie? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0787524/

    hmmm
    here's hoping they don't screw it up

  36. How to popularize math by dino213b · · Score: 2, Funny

    It's easy - just have a good writer release a few Bible Code books.

    - Bible code for children
    - Bible code for dummies
    - Bible code howto

  37. Indian mathematicians by d0n+quix0te · · Score: 5, Informative

    India has had a long standing history in mathematics much of which predates that in the Islamo-christian tradition.

    Formal mathematical schooling among Brahmins was particularly important among people in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, two of the sea-faring communities in India. Ramanujan belonged to the Iyengar tradition of mathematics (although many people related Iyengars to Yoga...) from Tamil Nadu.

    Among other contributions of Indian mathematics include

    Pre-ACE

    The decimal system and the number zero
    Inductive reasoning and the inductive method
    Fractions
    Equations
    Mathematical tables
    Binomial theorem
    Pythogorean theorem
    Area calculations
    Conic sections
    Irrational numbers
    Boolean Logic
    Null Sets
    Transformations and recursions
    Number theory
    Trignometry
    Formal language and grammar theory

    Post ACE (pre renaissance)

    Cubic and Quartic Equations
    Pi as an infinite series
    Geometric and Harmonic series
    Series theory
    Permutations and combinations
    Cardinal numbers
    Transfinite numbers
    Set theory
    Fibonnacci series
    Derivative
    Rolles theorem
    Differentiation
    Limits
    Differential and integral calculus (predating Leibnitz and Newton by 200 years) ......
    For a laundry list see

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_mathematics

    Some of these brahmanic schools were far more advanced than European schools. Ramanujan had good schooling from a tradition steeped in mathematics. He was Europe's first direct exposure (as opposed to published books that were translated) to Indian mathematics hence the cult status.

    Imagine a Narayana Pandit or a Chitrabhanu from the Kerala schools in Europe in 1500 AD spouting Calculus and Reimann's theorem (two well known theorems in India at that time)... they too would have been declared as geniuses.

    -S

    1. Re:Indian mathematicians by torokun · · Score: 1

      What in the world does ACE mean?

    2. Re:Indian mathematicians by ideonode · · Score: 1

      A recent In Our Time radio broadcast covered the impact of Indians on the history of mathematics. Rather interesting listening, as are all In Our Times.

    3. Re:Indian mathematicians by d0n+quix0te · · Score: 1

      ACE = After Christian Era
      BCE = Before Christian Era

      Basically a politically correct way of saying A.D (Anno Dominus = Year of the Lord) since not everyone believes in the christian "Lord"

      -S

    4. Re:Indian mathematicians by kestasjk · · Score: 1

      What are we supposed to get out of this? Who cares what nationality this guy was?

      Isn't it insulting to say "I know what you're thinking, but Indians aren't stupid! They're as smart as we are! Look at all this stuff they've done!" ?
      Or maybe it's "Look at all these great Indians! I'm an Indian just like them, therefore I'm one of them!" Except being a good mathematician has nothing to do with your race, there's just not that big of a difference between races.

      If this guy had a beard would you post all the famous accomplishments of bearded mathematicians? It's just as arbitrary.

      Why are posts like these rising to the surface? Where is the post giving me an idea of what these theta functions are or what they do? At least something that isn't completely irrelevant?

      --
      // MD_Update(&m,buf,j);
    5. Re:Indian mathematicians by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Brahmins are not sea-faring people (they are the priest class and had long schooling in vedas, maths, sanskrit etc.)

      I don't know how much of your other points are wrong, but the basic point that India had advanced mathematicians is correct.

    6. Re:Indian mathematicians by The+One+and+Only · · Score: 1

      That's supposed to be "BCE" and "CE", you idiot. The "Christian Era" (also known as the Common Era) isn't a point in time, it's an era.

      --
      In Repressive Burma, it's not just your connection that dies. slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=314547&cid=20819199
    7. Re:Indian mathematicians by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Some nationalities (and more importantly, some cultures) have a history of making contributions to various aspects of civilization out of proportion to their numbers. It is both interesting to find these correlations and important to find cause-and-effect relations if they exist. Getting annoyed because people point them out, and flaming them, is not a contribution.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    8. Re:Indian mathematicians by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Some of these brahmanic schools were far more advanced than European schools. Ramanujan had good schooling from a tradition steeped in mathematics. He was Europe's first direct exposure (as opposed to published books that were translated) to Indian mathematics hence the cult status.

      That would be a fair assessment if Ramanujan was merely stating things that other Brahmins knew, or if he had not rediscovered much of higher mathematics by himself. Since he was stating theorems (he did not often provide proofs for his own work) that nobody else in the world would know were true until decades after his death, it's not unfair to call him a genius. To give you some idea of his insight, he wrote down about 3,000 theorems in his lifetime - one of my undergraduate professors (David Bressoud) did his PhD thesis on the proof of one of the unsolved theorems from Ramanujan's notebooks.

    9. Re:Indian mathematicians by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, fucking retard!

    10. Re:Indian mathematicians by sanman2 · · Score: 1

      No, I think it was referring to Tamils having been a sea-going people, rather than their Brahmins specifically. Tamils are a coastal community, and had settled Sri Lanka as well, across the sea. Tamils are also credited with having invented the Base 10 numbering system and the Zero, which were passed on to Western civilization by contact with the Arabs.

      I'd once read that MRI studies were done on Chinese Mandarin speakers, and it was found that speaking Mandarin stimulates the same areas of the brain that are used in mathematics. I wonder if anyone has thought to study Tamil speakers to see if it does anything similar. It's a very rapidly-spoken language. Sometimes I wonder if certain linguistic characteristics haven't given some cultures an edge in certain mental skills. You never know, it could be possible.

    11. Re:Indian mathematicians by torokun · · Score: 1

      In any case, let's drop the PC crap. B.C. and A.D. are proper and standard, regardless of whether you're Christian or not.

  38. Non-Torroidial Rabbits by camperdave · · Score: 2, Informative

    Technically, since the intestinal tract runs from mouth to ass in one go, a rabbit should be considered a torus.

    You're leaving out the nasal cavity and nostrils. These also lead to the throat and the rest of the intestinal tract. Thus a rabbit is identical to a pretzel.

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  39. More informative article by Bramantip · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here is a link to a more informative article: http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050411/asp/knowhow/ story_4560152.asp

    1. Re:More informative article by MacrosTheBlack · · Score: 1

      I think the article above is about a different but similar puzzle. It talks about Karl Mahlburg & Ken Ono, doesn't even mention "mock theta functions".

  40. That would undoubtely help. by jotaeleemeese · · Score: 1

    So get creative.

    --
    IANAL but write like a drunk one.
  41. Language effects on the brain may affect thought by spineboy · · Score: 1

    I've often thought that the grammatical structures of the various languages, profoundly affects the way people think. There has always seemed to be an unusually high number of Indian mathematicians, German/Scotts engineers, Irish poets, etc. IS this just playing into stereotypes, or does the way that words are strung together affect the thought patterns, making it easier to do, or create certain things. Clearly there are some economic issues - to create math, all one needs is a paper and pencil, but I think there is more to that. Moreover, if everyone starts to speak the same language, or if some languages die out, will we lose a group of people who may be talented in a useful area?

    --
    ..........FULL STOP.
  42. Re:"Mock" Theta functions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ritz Crackers, with the "mock apple pie" recipe on the box?? Get it?

    So this is "offtopic," but scientology isn't?

    Fuck you moderators, if you're too stupid to get the joke. You're all on crack, and you have ruined Slashdot.

  43. Mmmmmmm.... by JoshDM · · Score: 1

    Mock Theta Soup.... *gargle*

  44. Don't forget about HBT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  45. So, what is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's damn funny, and frustrating that the article doesn't even to attempt to say it is, or what the problem is. Yes, I understand it's a hard problem to solve, but what is the problem in the 1st place? This guy shouldn't write this article. He should have asked someone better at math to write this. It's insulting to the readers and to the math community to write that (and journalism too).

  46. Re:Language effects on the brain may affect though by jahudabudy · · Score: 1

    There have been studies that support your theory.

    --
    ...sometimes, in order to hurt someone very badly, you have to tell that person terrible lies. - PA
  47. Has to be said... by Aqua_boy17 · · Score: 1

    Alcohol and mock theta functions don't mix. You should never drink and derive.

    --
    What if the Hokey Pokey really is what it's all about?
  48. Google Ads relevant to "deathbed" by GPS+Pilot · · Score: 1

    Did you notice the Google ads on this page? "Sympathy gifts," "Living wills," "Estate planning." I looked aroung the page to figure out why Google picked these ads. It must be because of the word "deathbed" in the article!

    --
    That that is is that that that that is not is not.
  49. Leading to more unbreakable cryptography? by Randym · · Score: 1
    A quick search shows that mock theta functions are a special case of Jacobi theta functions which are a form of Jacobi Elliptic Functions which are a type of elliptic function.

    This might lead to even better cryptographic encoding functions. See the relationship between elliptic functions and cryptography here.

    --
    DNA is a Turing machine. You, however, being dynamic and emergent, are not.