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A Snapshot of the Universe 3 Trillion Years From Now

ultracool wrote with a link to a Science Daily article that requires that you think long term. Really long term. Case Western Reserve University physicists are theorizing that trillions of years from now the universe will become 'static'. Essentially, the information that we use to gauge our Galaxy's position in the universe will have moved beyond the 'visible horizon. "What remains will be 'an island universe' made from the Milky Way and its nearby galactic Local Group neighbors in an overwhelmingly dark void ... The researchers followed up that discussion with one tracking early elements like helium and deuterium produced in the Big Bang. They predict systems that allow us to detect primordial deuterium will be dispersed throughout the universe to become undetectable, while helium in concentrations of approximately 25 percent at the Big Bang will become indiscernible as stars will produce far more helium in the course of their lives to cloud the origins of the early universe."

145 of 197 comments (clear)

  1. reality is absurd by crow5599 · · Score: 4, Informative

    For a better look at points along the future timeline of the universe, see here: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/origins/universe.html

  2. Why are we worrying about trillion years? by iamacat · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Science/philosophy went through stages of flat Earth, Earth at the center of the universe, everything made up of four elements... Granted, we progressed a bit in what we can measure and observe these days, but current structure and workings of the whole universe now, much less a trillion years later is not one of those things. We are most probably spinning fairy tales on what happens inside black holes, on other planets, in the center of our own planet or even with temperature changes on the surface. It might be amusing to plug big numbers into equations and end up with a wild picture of the world, but it's just an exercise in math and science fiction. Why don't we focus on getting more facts first? Better exploration of nearby planets and deep layers of the earth should be within our reach now.

    1. Re:Why are we worrying about trillion years? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Why don't we focus on getting more facts first? Better exploration of nearby planets and deep layers of the earth should be within our reach now.

      You sound like the people who say "why two desktop environments? we need to work together and focus on beating Microsoft". That doesn't make sense because the open source world is not a hive mind, and developers and projects are not interchangeable. People work on the projects that interest them, and they don't necessarily care about "beating Microsoft". If you try to force them to work on your thing, they'll get pissed off and work on nothing.

      The same is true for the scientific world. If these Case Western Reserve University physicists were not writing this paper, do you really think they would be probing deep layers of the Earth? Do you really think there's value in everyone in the scientific world fixating on a single goal?

    2. Re:Why are we worrying about trillion years? by Jugalator · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I'm not sure what happens on planets and the deep layers of Earth matter for the expansion of the universe, or to generalize, what geology have to do with cosmology, so I'm not sure what a better understanding of those things would help the understanding of this. It would be far less than the scale of how a golf ball affect the rotation of Earth. And as for this research, they're simply extrapolating from what's been seen to happen in the past. And when you think about it, there's not many end stations for the universe. It's either a big crunch, static universe, or a big rip. If there's enough black matter, perhaps we have yet to see the force of the big bang being overtaken by the gravity of all the mass though.

      --
      Beware: In C++, your friends can see your privates!
    3. Re:Why are we worrying about trillion years? by umbra_dweller · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yet somehow all that mucking about with four elements, geocentric models and alchemy led to what we now regard as science. Humans are constantly trying to expand their horizons, and it is a given that they will makes some mistakes along the way. You call this "an exercise in math and science fiction", but I think it is a necessary exercise. It's not like there is some magic point when we will have gathered "enough" information to make proper judgements, and if we don't try to apply our knowledge every step of the way, then how do we know if we are really getting anywhere? The trail of mistakes our scientists leave behind is just as important as the trail of their triumphs - they are signposts telling us what fallacies not to fall for.

    4. Re:Why are we worrying about trillion years? by iamacat · · Score: 1

      Sure, even science fiction authors provided inspiration for scientists and engineers, as well as students considering to join these fields. But - I don't want this work to be considered science until it's underlying assumptions are more solid. At least I would expect a disclaimer like "If we plug in these numbers in our equations, we get some 0s, infinities and other wild results. These equations are derived from observations from a single vantage point and could be wrong at extreme conditions contemplated and inaccurate at any parts of universe besides our corner of the solar system. But here is how the world would look if our theories were perfect"

    5. Re:Why are we worrying about trillion years? by Yahweh+Doesn't+Exist · · Score: 1

      >Science/philosophy went through stages of flat Earth

      here's a quick clue how (modern) science works: it's not about right or wrong but the consistency of models with observations, and about making the minimum number of approximations to adequately understand a system.

      science does not say the flat earth model is wrong, it just qualifies the situations in which it is a good approximation, for example if the characteristic distances involved in the process you are interested in are small in comparison with the radius of the earth. modelling the earh as a sphere is also not "correct", but as an approximation it is more general than the flat earth model. in this sense it is better, but as the cost of involving more complicated equations.

      the problem people made in the past was not modelling the earth as flat, but that they didn't realise they were implicitly making assumptions such as the one above about characteristic distances. they therefore weren't able to recognise when those assumptions broke down e.g. things happening "on the horizon" are very far away and the distances assumption is poor. it would also be poor science to *always* take into account the curvature of the earth because it shows you don't really understand what's important and what isn't.

      the great think about science is that is progressive. just because we don't know everything and because our models must, be defintion, be simplifications (and therefore "wrong" in some useless absolute sense of the word) doesn't mean we can't know anything and that we can't know more today than we did yesterday.

      Newton's laws are "wrong" in that it doesn't handle large velocities etc. correctly. didn't stop us landing on the moon.

  3. Re:uhh by someone1234 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Contrary to the weather predictions, no one will complain about it.

    --
    Patents Drive Free Software as Hurricanes Drive Construction Industry
  4. We Are Gods by ztransform · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Not content with the fact we will die in less than ten billionths of the time interval discussed in this story, some of us still obsess with thinking we know the answers to the universe.

    How will this affect your behaviour today? Will you re-think going to that club? Will you pick up an extra piece of litter? Will you go and buy up all the compressed helium you can find?

    Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?

    1. Re:We Are Gods by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?

      Because no one ever prayed up a better microchip. Pointless meditations on the true nature of atoms and light however.... Well, not so empty a pursuit as religion in retrospect. Your brand of incredulity is the wellspring of poverty.

    2. Re:We Are Gods by gaderael · · Score: 5, Funny

      Not content with the fact we will die in less than ten billionths of the time interval discussed in this story, some of us still obsess with thinking we know the answers to the universe. But why do they obsess? Everyone knows the answer to the universe is '42'.
      --
      Anyone got a light for my sig?
    3. Re:We Are Gods by Ant+P. · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?
      Because all religions that wield power abuse it.

    4. Re:We Are Gods by TheUglyAmerican · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Religions that have power are no longer religions - they are political ideologies. And politics are inherently corrupt and corrupting. Are atheist ideologies with power any less corrupt? Secular ideologies?

      Religion is not the problem though other ideologies would like for you to believe it is as they attempt to increase their own power. Politics and the "will to power" are the human problem whether at the level of individuals or nations.

      --
      "Written on the pages is the answer to the never ending story..."
    5. Re:We Are Gods by red314159 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Why can't I turn this around and say, "Some of us still obsess with thinking we know the meaning of life . . . Can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Sciences?" It's a different approach to trying to understand the universe. You're free to think that scientists are arrogant, but they're no less arrogant than you are in your comment.

    6. Re:We Are Gods by Lachlan+Hunt · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Not content with the fact we will die in less than ten billionths of the time interval discussed in this story, some of us still obsess with thinking we know the answers to the universe.

      No-one knows for certain the answers to the universe. Like most things in science, it's a theory. There's obviously some evidence to support it now, but it's always possible that new evidence will improve our understanding of the issue. It doesn't matter that we will all die long before this ever occurs, it helps to satisfy our curiosity.

      How will this affect your behaviour today? Will you re-think going to that club? Will you pick up an extra piece of litter? Will you go and buy up all the compressed helium you can find?

      It's not about that at all. It's about learning and improving our understanding of the universe, not providing immediate benefits to our everyday lives.

      Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?

      No, I'd rather get answers from people who actually study and look for the right answers, instead of leaving it up to blind faith.
      --
      By reading this signature, you hereby agree with the content of the above comment.
    7. Re:We Are Gods by Paulrothrock · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?

      I think that's a great idea. I think that my religion, which says that you're all going to hell is right. Why? Because god privately revealed it to me, that's why? Proof? What more proof do you need? It's about FAITH. If you don't believe then it's not my problem, cause you're the one who's going to hell.

      </sarcasm>

      Seriously, this has got to be one of the most asinine statements I've ever read on Slashdot. We don't leave Big Answers to the religions because THEY CAN JUST MAKE STUFF UP. Who's to say who is right or wrong in an arena where it's all about how somebody feels about things and you simply have to take things on faith? I trust math and science to come up with the correct answers, not someone who could very well be having psychotic delusions.

      --
      I'm in the hole of the broadband donut.
    8. Re:We Are Gods by khallow · · Score: 1

      Not content with the fact we will die in less than ten billionths of the time interval discussed in this story

      I think that pretty much sums it up. It's something like the human race having a single still frame out of all the movies in the world only a few orders of magnitude worse.
    9. Re:We Are Gods by roystgnr · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?

      We could try that, but since all the religions I've seen got lots of the Little Answers wrong, I'm reluctant to trust any of them on the Big ones.

      How will this affect your behaviour today?

      Ironically, in this very Slashdot story which you think shouldn't affect anyone's life, we find offhand references to objective evidence which contradicted the creation stories of most of those major religions. I know my day-to-day life would be much better if followers of those Religions realized that many of their scriptures are metaphors at best.

    10. Re:We Are Gods by renoX · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Except that there is a big difference between political ideologies based on religious belief ans secular ideologies: in the first case, the political power is based on a religious belief in the second case it is based usually on economical theories *not* on atheism!

      As a trivial example, I've never heard someone say, there is no god so you should eat such or such food for example.

      So those two types of ideologies are really different.

    11. Re:We Are Gods by ztransform · · Score: 1, Insightful

      OK you're plainly stupid; I get that.

      You also completely missed the sarcasm in my post. At least when Religion makes up theories we all know them to be bunk. When individuals come up with wild theories with no proof or even slight believability about them then it is important for one to retain a healthy scepticism.

      But I think rational discussion won't assist my purpose here. Too many individuals saw the word Religion and went nuts!

    12. Re:We Are Gods by sohare · · Score: 1

      Erm, most useful results come from a lot of hard, waking work. Occasionally your brain will process enough during sleep so that you can perceive an answer, but the workhorse is just sitting and thinking about an idea.

    13. Re:We Are Gods by fonik · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Us Yanks are particularly susceptible to religious trolling because we are CONSTANTLY surrounded by people who actually think that way. No amount of sarcasm could possibly match up to the religious fanaticism that actually exists here.

    14. Re:We Are Gods by Fweeky · · Score: 1

      "Not content with the fact we will die in less than ten billionths of the time interval discussed in this story"

      Not set in stone. There are plenty of people who have good reason to believe that we may achieve technological singularity or something like it and maybe make ourselves or our descendents effectively immortal at some point in the future, maybe even within the century.

      Either way they have better reasons to believe this than any religion has that their particular God/afterlife/creation story is anything other than occasionally-useful-to-some complete fiction.

      "some of us still obsess with thinking we know the answers to the universe."

      Some of us accept that they don't know, and so work to try to find out using methods proven to work effectively.

      Some of us think they merely know who made it all (often because a book and a few self-appointed authorities said so, possibly interacting with some of those "religious feelings" people get when our notoriously unstable temporal lobe goes all wobbly), and even feel they have a personal relationship with this entity.

      Hmm...

      "Seriously.. can't we just leave the Big Answers to the Religions?"

      Seriously.. you think we get better answers out of them? Relativity, quantum physics, genetic engineering.. these have given us some very important advances we increasingly encounter day-to-day, with no end in sight. What has "God made the world in 6 days so you'll rest on the 7th like him, or else" given us?

    15. Re:We Are Gods by naddington · · Score: 1

      What has "God made the world in 6 days so you'll rest on the 7th like him, or else" given us?
      The weekend?
    16. Re:We Are Gods by instagib · · Score: 1

      > How will this affect your behaviour today?

      Potentially, a lot. Science, even if only in theory, and especially astronomy, teaches a human that neither he nor his place are the center of anything, and that everything is temporary. This, if understood (!), induces humility, reduces egoism and intolerance, acceptance of ones own death as less tragic, and leads generally to the insight that learning and understanding, being happy, and maybe making others happy is a good way to live.

  5. What about now? by Derling+Whirvish · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Doesn't this mean that the universe may be much older than we can currently detect in that there may be a lot more of it out there beyond our current event horizon which drops off at about 13.7 billion years? Maybe it is 20 or 30 billion years old but we can only detect it to the 13.7 billion year line.

    1. Re:What about now? by Ohreally_factor · · Score: 1

      Soap bubbles. The froth of ocean waves.

      Still, I was hoping I could use this information to pick some stocks. I'm still not sure whether to short or go long on the universe.

      --
      It's not offtopic, dumbass. It's orthogonal.
    2. Re:What about now? by tigerhawkvok · · Score: 5, Informative

      Actually, no; we know this isn't the case because we can still observe the CMB, or Cosmic Microwave Background. When the universe was young it was very hot, and so normal matter was ionized and therefore opaque to EM radiation (ie, light). This cools off in a characteristic way until the temperature becomes cool enough that electrons re-bind to protons and the universe becomes (largely) transparent to light. Since we can see this edge, and we can furthermore measure the expansion rate of the universe (via white dwarfs, stellar clusters, etc), we in fact have pretty solid bounds on the age of the universe. This whole island universe thing (ironically what people first thought of galaxies) amounts to an excercise in seeing when expansion beats out light. Recessional speeds due to expansion can exceed someone's idea of "light speed" because space expands and essentially drags the coordinate system with it. The article basically says that the closest bodies will be outside our light cone in ~3e12 years, and the expanding coordinate system will red-shift it to nothingness to boot. Its nice to have it quantified, but its something that we've known for a long time. Hm, apparently the comments can't parse .

      --
      Blog
    3. Re:What about now? by notrandom · · Score: 1

      what if the detected redshifts are more intrinsic redshifts rather than doppler ?
      and the cmb could actually be there as it is now in a stationary eternal universe as well, right ?

    4. Re:What about now? by nih · · Score: 3, Funny

      God put the Cosmic Microwave Background there to test our faith!

      --
      I'm a rabbit startled by the headlights of life :(
    5. Re:What about now? by (negative+video) · · Score: 3, Informative

      Doesn't this mean that the universe may be much older than we can currently detect in that there may be a lot more of it out there beyond our current event horizon which drops off at about 13.7 billion years? Maybe it is 20 or 30 billion years old but we can only detect it to the 13.7 billion year line.
      Since we can see this edge, and we can furthermore measure the expansion rate of the universe (via white dwarfs, stellar clusters, etc), we in fact have pretty solid bounds on the age of the universe.

      No! The CMB only tells us what was happening after photons decoupled from charged particles. Even if we had efficient neutrino spectrometers, we would only be able to trace expansion back to neutrinos decoupling from the quark plasma. What happened before that would still be wide open.

      And it might well have been exceedingly strange by modern standards. If you extrapolate expansion backwards from the quark plasma, general relativity says that the geometry of space becomes a foam. Does such a foam undergo sudden changes between many phases as it "cools"? Is the fantastic complexity of the space foam equivalent to a flatter space with a larger number of dimensions? Does the foam form meta-stable crystals that only rarely suffer a thermal dislocation, which expands to form a universe like ours at the site of the dislodged bubble, in the process cooling the surrounding foam so that subsequent universe births become less likely? Did the arrow of causality have more than two choices before our universe condensed?

      We don't even have the math to analyze lightly-whipped space, let alone a full fledged foam with 256-element tensors that vary sharply on the Planck scale. Making pronouncements about how that state evolved is unwarranted. Even using words like "evolved" is unwarranted when time may have been all loopy.

    6. Re:What about now? by foniksonik · · Score: 1

      Nice quasi-scientific rant!

      I'm definitely going to use the term "lightly-whipped space" to refer to a problem that is just beyond our current capability ;-p

      --
      A fool throws a stone into a well and a thousand sages can not remove it.
    7. Re:What about now? by khallow · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It is a beautiful term.

    8. Re:What about now? by Tacvek · · Score: 1

      ... excercise in seeing when expansion beats out light. Recessional speeds due to expansion can exceed someone's idea of "light speed" because space expands and essentially drags the coordinate system with it. The article basically says that the closest bodies will be outside our light cone in ~3e12 years, and the expanding coordinate system will red-shift it to nothingness to boot. That is disturbing. However, doesn't expansion also affect things below the macroscopic scale? Would it not be slowly spreading the particles of the hypothetical 'rod', just as it spreads the cosmic bodies apart? The spreading of the particles to me sounds similar to the length contraction concept of Relativity, except that it would be expansion, and occurring in all dimensions whereas length contraction occurs only along the dimension of movement. But this length expansion would change the rodlength/clockticks ratio of 'c',which i understand to be a constant, unless time expands also. How does that interact with the island universe concept?
      --
      Stylish sheet to fix many problems in Slashdot's D3: https://gist.github.com/801524
    9. Re:What about now? by tigerhawkvok · · Score: 1

      Fair enough --- but absolutely completely loopy physics at the beginning would need very large modifications to the Standard Model and to GR. The LHC will provide some nice support for this if it ends up detecting the Higgs particle (assuming its on the lower end of its mass limits).
      However, if 'normal' physics pretty much holds at all, we have limits on how strange things could have been. We know the size of anisotropies in the CMB and that it was causally connected at some point, which is rather large support for inflationary models, and these models give us the right quantities of various elements, as well as teh right temperatures. The phase changes in matter is, in fact, predicted -- it, among other things, predicts a neutrino decoupling time. Our model is pretty solid up to about 10^-34 seconds or so; we lack confirmations from neutrinos, but that will take a bit. To date, all the mathematics agrees with what we observe, though. There is no reason to assume a crazy physics when standard (well, "standard" ... at those temperatures nothing is!) physics will do.

      --
      Blog
    10. Re:What about now? by tqft · · Score: 1

      Couldn't have said it better myself.

      My issue with the quotes from the paper in the article is they say we live in a special time.

      Every time physics thinks that it has been proved wrong.

      --
      The Singularity is closer than you think
      Quant
    11. Re:What about now? by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 2, Informative

      The expansion of space is driven by some mysterious force known as the cosmic coefficient. It's weak. Really weak. You might have thought that gravity was weak, but it's the Hulk compared to this mysterious force.

      As a result, space is expanding *between* the galaxies where gravity can't overcome this mysterious force. Within galaxies (and our local group), gravity is quite enough to overwhelm it. Thus our little corner of the universe will remain bound by gravity, but the space between the large clusters will expand at an increasing rate.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    12. Re:What about now? by fyngyrz · · Score: 1
      You might have thought that gravity was weak

      No, I abandoned that line of thinking the first time I lost my balance on a ladder and gravity demonstrated its ability to accelerate me into a concrete floor about ten feet closer to the center of the planet. Well, after I woke up, that is.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    13. Re:What about now? by Phist · · Score: 1

      As a result, space is expanding *between* the galaxies where gravity can't overcome this mysterious force. Within galaxies (and our local group), gravity is quite enough to overwhelm it. Thus our little corner of the universe will remain bound by gravity, but the space between the large clusters will expand at an increasing rate.

      When our little corner of the universe which is bound by gravity in a space of emptiness does collapse, the next big bang will be smaller giving raise to a smaller universe where smaller people might evolve. And who knows? Perhaps the last big bang was preceded by a much larger one.

      I liked what you said about cosmic coefficient being a really weak force. That made alot of sense.

    14. Re:What about now? by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      You climbed up a ladder? Do you realized that you're legs were pushing you up the ladder, and the ENTIRE EARTH was trying to pull you down?

      In a tug of war between you and the entire mass of the Earth, you won. I'd say that gravity is therefore properly described as weak.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
  6. Ok that's it. by Ravear · · Score: 5, Funny

    First idiot to mention a certain game with a protracted development schedule gets shot.

    1. Re:Ok that's it. by edwardpickman · · Score: 1

      That's just silly. The sun will go Nova long before then. Unless they plan to move development off planet, Duk...... You don't suppose they're building spaceships just in case do you? Gotta wonder what the first people to play it will look like if it takes a trillion years? In a few billion years we went from bacteria to humans. They may have to search the Universe for another race that looks like us or face redoing all the artwork. On the brightside the computers then should be able to run it.

    2. Re:Ok that's it. by meringuoid · · Score: 1
      First idiot to mention a certain game with a protracted development schedule gets shot.

      Come off it. An intelligent entity evolved in my Spore game will have visited every star in the Elite 4 galaxy before that game ever gets completed.

      --
      Real Daleks don't climb stairs - they level the building.
    3. Re:Ok that's it. by Google85 · · Score: 1

      or a Kernel developed by GNU...

    4. Re:Ok that's it. by westyx · · Score: 1

      Ahh, you're talking about episode 3 of half life 2 there, no doubt? :)

    5. Re:Ok that's it. by nih · · Score: 1

      God put Duke Nukem Forever there to test our..no wait, ffs

      --
      I'm a rabbit startled by the headlights of life :(
    6. Re:Ok that's it. by maxwell+demon · · Score: 1

      Well, maybe the reason why that game hasn't been released yet is because it heavily depends on that kernel. Probably it also has some Perl 6 dependencies. :-)

      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
    7. Re:Ok that's it. by 19thNervousBreakdown · · Score: 1

      Don't forget some necessary programming techniques only available in TAoCP volume 4.

      --
      <xml><I><am><so><damn>Web 2.0</damn></so></am></I></xml>
    8. Re:Ok that's it. by chenjeru · · Score: 1

      Are you talking about Spore or Duke Nukem Forever?
      Oh, and please make my shot tequila.

      --
      Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there. - Will Rogers
  7. who cares? by swell · · Score: 2, Funny


    Jackson: Of course our sun will expire long before then, in about 3 billion years.
    Mavis: [jumping from chair in panic] What's that you say?
    Jackson: [repeats]
    Mavis: [gradually relaxing] Oh, I thought you said 3 MILLION years, whew!

    --
    ...omphaloskepsis often...
  8. Re:reality is an inconvient absurdity by Nymz · · Score: 1

    The debate over what the universe will be like in 3 trillion years is over, please censor the scientific method, because this is a moral issue now, and I will lead you to the promised land. Sincerly, your Father-Figure-Prophet-Messiah

  9. big crunch? by bodrell · · Score: 2, Informative
    Isn't the universe supposed to collapse sooner than that? If scientists are currently saying that the universe is 10-20 billion years old, why the hell would anyone assume the "Big Crunch" won't happen by then?

    I'd be much more interesting if someone had a theory about what the universe looked like before the Big Bang, assuming that isn't a bunch of bullshit too.

    Right now, Hindu creation mythology is looking less silly than theoretical astrophysics. I'll be waiting for Kalki to come destroy the universe and start a new cycle before I'll believe any speculation about what will happen in the way, way future, 150X as long away as the speculated age of our universe. That's like making predictions about the 3000th birthday of a 20 year old person.

    --
    Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
    1. Re:big crunch? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Because current observations indicate the expansion of the universe is accelerating.

    2. Re:big crunch? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Interesting.. Except that Hinduism doesnt really exist. It was given a name by discoverers, but is really much more diverse than any other religion, because it isnt really a religion either. You can be a Christian and a "Hindu". Hinduism accepts that because you are actively pursuing the truth, alas other religions cannot accept that so easily.

      The creation myth comes from the Vedas, which is more scientific than myth and religion.

    3. Re:big crunch? by red314159 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      While a dense enough universe could collapse into a "Big Crunch", that is not the hypothesized ending of our universe. The density of our universe is not dominated by matter, but by energy, such that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. You're right that it's difficult to extrapolate to a time several orders of magnitude greater than the current age of the universe, as currently-unknown physics could end up dominating. (Someone observing the universe about 8 billion years ago would have been unable to measure the energy density of the universe, for instance.) But that does mean we shouldn't even try?

    4. Re:big crunch? by bodrell · · Score: 1

      While a dense enough universe could collapse into a "Big Crunch", that is not the hypothesized ending of our universe. The density of our universe is not dominated by matter, but by energy, such that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. You're right that it's difficult to extrapolate to a time several orders of magnitude greater than the current age of the universe, as currently-unknown physics could end up dominating. (Someone observing the universe about 8 billion years ago would have been unable to measure the energy density of the universe, for instance.) But that does mean we shouldn't even try?
      Where do supermassive black holes fit into the equation? Isn't it a bit incorrect to differentiate "matter" from "energy" when E=mc^2 and black holes can prevent massless photons from exiting? I guess a better question is: we know that fusion and fission can turn mass into energy, but how do you turn energy into mass? More specifically, how do you turn photons (and maybe neutrinos) into mass? Does that happen in a black hole? If so, maybe the universe is currently dominated by energy, until some of that energy gets converted back into mass, then the crunch begins.

      As far as whether people should be trying to extrapolate into the really distant future--it's their time to spend as they see fit. But I think it would be better spent addressing some of the above questions (existence or not of gravitons, how to convert energy into mass).

      Btw, I like the idea of currently unknown physics. Reminds me of Vonnegut's "Slapstick."

      --
      Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
    5. Re:big crunch? by maxume · · Score: 1

      Energy has mass.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    6. Re:big crunch? by bodrell · · Score: 1

      Energy has mass.
      Yeah, no shit. That's why I said "Isn't it a bit incorrect to differentiate "matter" from "energy" when E=mc^2?" I could weigh myself in terms of electron volts instead of pounds or kilograms if I were so inclined (and yes, I know the difference between mass and weight, but nobody talks about "massing" themselves, and I'm not going be be weighing myself on the moon). Did you read my whole comment? Got anything constructive to add?
      --
      Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
    7. Re:big crunch? by Anpheus · · Score: 1

      You're forgetting that the two are interchangeable, and that energy does indeed exert a gravitational pull, the concepts of velocity, mass, and energy are all interlinked in the famous equation "E=mc^2" and it's expanded momentum-including cousin.

    8. Re:big crunch? by renoX · · Score: 3, Insightful

      >Isn't the universe supposed to collapse sooner than that?

      1) No, that's what we used to think before, but now our current measurement indicates that the expansion of the universe is accelerating not slowing towards a big crunch.

      2) We don't even have an interesting theory (as in a theory which gives testable new predictions) which is compatible with both general relativity and quantum theory, so asking for a theory for what happened before the big-bang is .. greedy to say the least.

      3) What is silly is comparing myths with science.

    9. Re:big crunch? by sohare · · Score: 1

      Your entire last paragraph is a logical fallacy, mostly an argument from personal incredulity. It's amazing how often people make this.

    10. Re:big crunch? by maxume · · Score: 1

      I think photons get turned into mass when they collide with an atom. That's constructive right?

      Anywho, from what I'm able to understand, dark energy(which is one theory about why the universe appears to be expanding) is quite likely simply a property of space(or a volume...), and thus will never be converted into mass.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    11. Re:big crunch? by mshurpik · · Score: 1

      Does a "universe" require a container? A containing universe?

      Or is a universe an absolute fact, much like the God (Jesus) who created it?

      Hmmmmmmmmmm....

      Welcome to GUT my friend. Not as hard as they made it out to be, huh?

    12. Re:big crunch? by bodrell · · Score: 1

      I think photons get turned into mass when they collide with an atom. That's constructive right?

      Anywho, from what I'm able to understand, dark energy(which is one theory about why the universe appears to be expanding) is quite likely simply a property of space(or a volume...), and thus will never be converted into mass.
      Hmm. Interesting (and indeed constructive). I guess I need to learn more about dark energy. I believe dark matter is just non-radiative mass (i.e, cold stuff), but I really have no idea what dark energy is supposed to be.

      I think when photons collide with atoms they usually excite electrons, which then drop back to the ground state and release the energy as either lower-energy photons (photoluminescence) or as phonons (lattice vibrations), but I never really understood group theory and symmetry, so maybe sometimes photons do turn into mass upon collisions with atoms, under the right conditions.

      --
      Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
    13. Re:big crunch? by bodrell · · Score: 1

      At this point, there seem to be more followers of the Big Rip than a Big Crunch, since the days when scientists detected indication of dark energy and that the universe is not just expanding, but accelerating.
      Why did someone mod you down as troll? Am I missing something?
      --
      Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
    14. Re:big crunch? by renoX · · Score: 1

      >Today's science is tomorrow's myth.

      No, myth 'inventors' never used experiments to validate their 'facts'.

  10. Re:uhh by daniorerio · · Score: 1

    meh. It's about 2995 billion years after the sun has gone red dwarf, I guess we'll have moved by then...

  11. Re:uhh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I don't know. It might be that the Hubble constant and short term climate processes have nothing to do with each other and that trying to make some inference between them is just asinine.

  12. If it didn't happen by then... by Statecraftsman · · Score: 2, Funny

    All this stuff about microwaves and dark matter is cool but what I want to know is, will Linux have taken over the desktop?

    1. Re:If it didn't happen by then... by Glowing+Fish · · Score: 1

      No, but it will soon, right after the SCO case is finally settled.

      --
      Hopefully I didn't put any [] around my words.
  13. Static Universe? by ChemE · · Score: 5, Informative

    I believe the summary is misleading. The researchers are not saying it will be a static universe, but that it will appear to be static.

    The universe will keep expanding, but we will not be able to tell.

    1. Re:Static Universe? by Jeff+DeMaagd · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I'm not sure it will matter. That is a hypothetical observation assuming that human-descendants, whatever they are, or other form of life will be around that long. Political turmoil with respect to life right how makes it hard to plan for a hundred years from now. Then there is the potential ecological turmoil if the scientists are right about greenhouse gases and humanity doesn't curtail its ecologically destructive habits. For the moment, there is no alternative habitat. Even if Mars is terraformed, which is difficult and unlikely, there's no way to move billions there, and there's not enough gravity and other factors to keep a stable atmosphere there anyway.

    2. Re:Static Universe? by SpinyNorman · · Score: 1

      We'll all be toast anyway when our Sun goes supernova. Game o-vah.

    3. Re:Static Universe? by anarchyboy · · Score: 1

      There is plenty of gravity to keep a stable atmosphere on mars, there is in fact a 'stable' atmosphere on mars right now. A lack of active volcanoes is whats really made mars inhospitable.

    4. Re:Static Universe? by Goodgerster · · Score: 1

      Sol will never go supernova, according to current observations: stars of its mass rarely do anything other than becoming red giants and then white dwarfs. Admittedly, the inner Solar system will be engulfed, but there won't be any huge explosion...

    5. Re:Static Universe? by modmans2ndcoming · · Score: 1

      relativistically ... it will be static to the observer.

  14. 3 trillion years? Ummm, no. by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 1
    As far as I know, the universe is expanding and the rate of expansion is increasing. IIRC, this will result in a situation with a shrinking event horizon, where the universe basically ceases to exist as space-time tears itself apart, and once the event horzon Big Rip.

    So, from what I can gather, any speculation beyond 20 billion years is a waste of time.

    RS

    --
    Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
    1. Re:3 trillion years? Ummm, no. by VON-MAN · · Score: 1

      First 3 trillion.
      And now you tell us 20 billion!
      What's next? You're scaring me, man.

    2. Re:3 trillion years? Ummm, no. by DamnStupidElf · · Score: 1

      You will probably die within ONE HUNDRED YEARS!

  15. Engage! by Todamont · · Score: 1, Funny

    What remains will be 'an island universe' made from the Milky Way and its nearby galactic Local Group neighbors in an overwhelmingly dark void...

    yes, because crossing intergalactic space is so easy nowadays...

    --
    Kharma is like a boomerang. Mine is broken.
  16. Re:3 trillion years? Ummm, no. (SECOND TRY) by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 3, Informative
    Ooops -I forgot about the html limitations here on slashdot. Sorry...

    I repeat in greater detail...

    As far as I know, the universe is expanding and the rate of expansion is increasing. IIRC, this will result in a situation with a shrinking event horizon, where the universe basically ceases to exist as space-time tears itself apart, and once the event horzon is less than the Planck Length, the universe itself ceases to exist. According to one study which, IIRC, has not been refuted, this will happen in some 20 billion years time. It's called the Big Rip.

    So, from what I can gather, any speculation beyond 20 billion years is a waste of time.

    RS

    --
    Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
  17. This just had to happen. by VON-MAN · · Score: 1

    So, in this expanding universe, 3.000.000.000.000 years from now, we will seem to be in a dark void. Sorry, that's no suprise to me.

    1. Re:This just had to happen. by Stanislav_J · · Score: 1

      So, in this expanding universe, 3.000.000.000.000 years from now, we will seem to be in a dark void.

      And that differs from now.....how? (I've been in a dark void ever since the 2000 elections...)

      --
      "Every great cause begins as a movement, becomes a business, and eventually degenerates into a racket." -- Eric Hoffer
    2. Re:This just had to happen. by Belacgod · · Score: 1

      A dark void...like our parents' basements?

  18. Redshift Increasing? by Karganeth · · Score: 2

    That radiation will 'red shift" to longer and longer frequencies, eventually becoming undetectable within our galaxy. Krauss said, "We literally will have no way to detect this radiation." How will the redshift increase? How far a wave travels doesn't affect how long its wavelength is. An increase in how redshifted galaxies are would require the galaxies to accelerate away from each other, but how could they? There is no force which allows them to accelerate. There is only gravity which slows them down.
    1. Re:Redshift Increasing? by vertigoCiel · · Score: 3, Informative

      The radiation in question is the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, or CMBR. The CMBR is (analogously speaking) an "echo" of the Big Bang, in the form of electromagnetic radiation. As space expanded, the radiation's wavelength expanded with it, slowly lengthening from the Gamma and X-ray spectrums, through visible light, to the microwave spectrum (where it is now). As space continues to expand, so will the wavelength of the Cosmic Background Radiation.

      As an interesting side note, since analog TV operates in the same part of the radio and microwave spectrum that the CMBR is observed, if you tune an analog TV to a blank channel (static), about one percent of that static is the CMBR. Turn the TV on, and watch the Big Bang!

    2. Re:Redshift Increasing? by ColaMan · · Score: 4, Informative

      From what I understand of it:

      Draw a sinewave on the surface a balloon. It has a set wavelength, right?
      Now inflate the balloon to double it's previous size. The wavelength's longer now.

      Same thing with the universe, except it's in 3D and in a trillion-year timeframe.

      --

      You are in a twisty maze of processor lines, all alike.
      There is a lot of hype here.
    3. Re:Redshift Increasing? by tenco · · Score: 1

      How will the redshift increase? AFAWKT the universe is expanding with an increasing rate, aka the expansion's accelerating.
  19. This makes me wonder... by zukinux · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Just some point's I've thought of
    Can we actually change something in the universe's future? I mean, if we were on earth or not, would it have any impact on the universe's future? or we're just an ant in at a very big forest?
    If we can change something in the Macro level of the universe's acts, can we change the universe so it will fit our needs for a long term (billions of years)?

    1. Re:This makes me wonder... by mac1235 · · Score: 1

      No.

    2. Re:This makes me wonder... by maxume · · Score: 1

      You ant in a forest doesn't quite get the scale right. We are more of a planet in a universe.

      Trying to do something like turning back the tide with just your two little hands would at least paint a picture of how completely meaningless any action we take is to the universe at large.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  20. The Elegant Universe by Einstein by singhparul · · Score: 2, Informative

    This is a related video. From Google Video website

    http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4258041398 583592305

    "Einstein's Dream," introduces string theory and shows how modern physics--being composed of two theories that are ferociously ... all incompatible--reached its schizophrenic impasse: one theory, known as general relativity, is fantastically successful in describing big things like stars and galaxies, and another, called quantum mechanics, is equally successful in describing small things like atoms and subatomic particles. Albert Einstein, the inventor of general relativity, dreamed of finding a single theory that would embrace all of nature's laws. But in this quest for the so-called unified theory, Einstein came up empty-handed, and the conflict between general relativity and quantum mechanics has stymied all who've followed. That is, until the discovery of string theory."

  21. Try getting the weather correct first! by mutende · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Case Western Reserve University physicists are theorizing that trillions of years from now the universe will become 'static'.
    Give us a break. Scientists can hardly predict tomorrow's weather, and now you want us to believe that you can predict what the universe will look like trillions of years from now? C'mon...
    --
    Unselfish actions pay back better
    1. Re:Try getting the weather correct first! by sohare · · Score: 1

      Next those faithless scientists will be telling us a dog gave birth to kittens!

    2. Re:Try getting the weather correct first! by maxwell+demon · · Score: 1

      Case Western Reserve University physicists are theorizing that trillions of years from now the universe will become 'static'.


      Give us a break. Scientists can hardly predict tomorrow's weather, and now you want us to believe that you can predict what the universe will look like trillions of years from now? C'mon... I can hardly predict what you'll do in five minutes, but I still can predict with almost certainty that 150 years from now you'll already be dead.
      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
  22. What trillion? by Teun · · Score: 1

    Luckily there is a magnitude of difference between a US Trillion (10e12) and a European one (10e18)...

    This being a mainly US site I assume the prediction is based on the easy one :)

    --
    "The likes of Facebook and WhatsApp are free to those whose privacy is of zero value."
    1. Re:What trillion? by kclittle · · Score: 1

      Well, actually, there are 6 (orders of) magnitude between the US and European 'trillion'...

      --
      Generally, bash is superior to python in those environments where python is not installed.
  23. Putting recent articles into perspective by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny
    And now, a quick recap of four recent articles on Slashdot:

    1. Movies: Celebrate 25 years of TRON!
    2. Games: Players of EVE Online cry foul over preferential treatment by admins towards some players.
    3. TV: Fans of the TV show "Jericho" mail over nine tons of nuts to CBS in a desperate attempt to keep the show on the air.
    4. Science: In three billion years, the universe will just stop, everything you know and love will be no more, and here's a glimpse of the nothing it'll be.


    Hooray perspective! Now let's go out there and have some fun!
  24. Oh well... by rizole · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...Just enough time for another bath then...

    1. Re:Oh well... by popra · · Score: 1

      working towards getting layed ?

  25. Right Now, Dammit! by pipingguy · · Score: 2, Funny

    At what point do we stop worrying and just accept that eventually everyone and everything that lives, dies?

    At Slashdot, individuals that probably are new to having their own pubes are seen agonizing about whether the human existence will be around in 500 years. These usually are the types who demand this sort of thing:

    1) stop global climate change right fucking now, or else (no matter what it takes) before we all die
    2) let's get off this crappy rock and populate new planets before we all die

    Both are absurd notions, but apparently crying wolf again and again works when manipulating hungry-for-hype mass media.

    It *is* important to be forward-looking and responsible about the future but those who make environmentalism into a sort of religious crusade are not doing themselves nor their descendants (assuming they ever bother to have any, given the catastrophe now! mentality) any favours.

    1. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by pipingguy · · Score: 1

      So, if you haven't got a clue when something is going to happen, and that thing could destroy mankind, it's only prudent to make it a priority.

      You seem to be implying that anything, at anytime could wipe out the human race. You may be right. The absurdity is in being made to fear that which humans have no control over anyway.

      I, like you, have no idea when my story ends (when me snuffeth) but there's no way in hell that I'll spend whatever time I have left hand-wringing, worried and encouraging my kids to be worried and fearful of the future. I suspect that the chronic worriers/doomers/enviro-radicals never have kids; that's why they feel the need to infect others with their disease. Isn't it all about legacy after all?

    2. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by iknownuttin · · Score: 1
      2) let's get off this crappy rock and populate new planets before we all die

      Psst, duuuuuuuuuude! The dolphins are taking off now! And they're looking for humans for domestic work. C'mon!

      --
      I prefer Flambe as apposed flamebait.
    3. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by pipingguy · · Score: 1

      42. I are older than that now, so I'll pre-emptively tell you to get off my lawn.

      Actually, I consider myself to be a geek, just not a hard core computer one. I bought HHGG on DVD a few months ago and have to admit that I "didn't get" most of it. Maybe I should watch it again. Maybe that'd up my kewl street cred with the happenin' dudes and Fonzarelli-like hepcats here at Slash Dot Dot Org.

      Paul

      PS Nice user ID ya got there...it'd be a shame if someone were to come along and, like maybe, say, add a one to it...I'm just sayin...

    4. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by Belacgod · · Score: 1

      "So, if you haven't got a clue when something is going to happen, and that thing could destroy mankind, it's only prudent to make it a priority. What's absurd about that?" The precautionary principle, for one. The fact that there's a lot of bad stuff we could be dealing with that will happen 100%. The fact that we care less about the eventual death of the species than about having fun now. What's with the rash of slashdot comments castigating us for having the wrong priorities?

    5. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by iknownuttin · · Score: 1
      PS Nice user ID ya got there...it'd be a shame if someone were to come along and, like maybe, say, add a one to it...I'm just sayin...

      I almost got another email address to do just that when I first got the account. :-)

      --
      I prefer Flambe as apposed flamebait.
    6. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by smallpaul · · Score: 1

      At what point do we stop worrying and just accept that eventually everyone and everything that lives, dies?

      ...

      It *is* important to be forward-looking and responsible about the future...

      Those two sentences cannot be reconciled. Either one is wrong or irrelevant or the other is. Personally, I think that its the first one that's wrong or irrelevant. It implies that we should only attach value to things that are eternal, which implies that neither your life nor mine has any value.

      ...but those who make environmentalism into a sort of religious crusade are not doing themselves nor their descendants (assuming they ever bother to have any, given the catastrophe now! mentality) any favours.

      That's simple ad hominem. You haven't given any criteria for what is "forward-looking and responsible" versus a "religious crusade". You just figure that where you've drawn that arbitrary line must be correct. But modern environmental standards would be consider "extreme" by our ancestors and may be considered mild and negligent by our descendants. I would ask you "what gives you the right to decide what's reasonable" versus a "religous crusade" but your post is not even content-bearing enough to define YOUR OPINION of that boundary, much less give a justification for the opinion.

      Frankly, I can't think of any position more chilling than: "stop worrying and just accept that eventually everyone and everything that lives, dies". Sounds like a good argument for ignoring Darfur, global climate change, the Iraq war, the ozone layer, the religious right and really everything else outside of American Idol, Branjelina and the iGasm.

    7. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by pipingguy · · Score: 1

      When one side of a discussion is yelling that the debate is over and appeals to emotion that's a good indicator of intent. When that same side refuses to listen to opposing views, shouts down "deniers" and smugly announces that "they have won" that's another indicator. "Global Warming"...oops, "Climate Change" is something that absolutely MUST be corrected RIGHT NOW! And if there's any dissent, well, we'll march in the streets as if it was some kind of civil rights issue and be indignant. Help, help, I'm being repressed!

      When the demands include sentiments like "we must do it now or you will all die" that smacks of extremism and coercion.

      But keep going, you have as much right as I do to promote your views (or maybe people that think like me should have less rights because we are stupid and lack vision/compassion - would a 4:1 ratio be acceptable to you?)

    8. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by smallpaul · · Score: 1

      You accuse environmentalists of being extreme, but from my position, here is how this thread has proceeded. It started with an interesting article about astrophysics that had nothing whatsoever to do with global climate change. Then you jump in with first, a chilling statement of apathy: "Everything ends so there is no need to worry about anything" and then a series of ad hominem attacks on environmentalists. So your logic is: "The UNIVERSE will end three trillion years ago and so people who worry about the PLANET our grandchildren live in are silly." You accused the environmentalists of being juvenile but frankly that strikes me as the kind of logic that a fourteen year old would present "Entropy increases inexorably. Therefore action is futile. Pass me the bong!"

    9. Re:Right Now, Dammit! by fimbulvetr · · Score: 1

      Unless you have the IQ of my sister in law and just laugh at the dumb jokes on the movie, or you've read the book, the movie is pretty lame.

      I highly, highly, recommend reading the book, then watching the movie.

  26. The universe: a device for turning H into He by TrueJim · · Score: 1

    The universe: a device for turning hydrogen into helium

    --
    I hope that after I die the one word people use to describe me is "resurrected."
    1. Re:The universe: a device for turning H into He by SpaceLifeForm · · Score: 1

      Space makes H.

      If the Universe keeps filling the void by
      creating new Hydrogen, then things will
      change but not look that much different.

      --
      You are being MICROattacked, from various angles, in a SOFT manner.
  27. Re:uhh by dwarfsoft · · Score: 1

    I thought that Red Dwarf was only 3 Million Years into the Future? Actually, in about 2995 billion years they might have finished the movie...

    --
    Cheers, Chris
  28. Horizon Chasers by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 2, Insightful

    There's no way for them to know what will be "undiscernable" to instruments and intelligence in 3 trillion years. Scientists a century and a half ago would have limited our universe to detection by optical telescopes. In just a decade from now, "dark matter detectors" (for example) could push that "horizon" beyond today's wildest imaginings. "Only" a trillion years from now, if we could possibly keep a consistent identity with whatever intelligence descends from us to then, "we" will likely have intelligence of even subtler, more distant phenomena.

    Or we'll have returned to optical telescopes, or much more likely, won't exist to know anything at all. At which point the "discernable" universe will be more or less infinitessimal, or zero.

    --

    --
    make install -not war

    1. Re:Horizon Chasers by dimeglio · · Score: 1

      I'll go even further...

      In that time, I'm ready to bed, we - of course, if we're still around to observe anything; will have mastered the laws of nature to the point where we will be able to shape the universe in any form we like. So any prediction that doesn't take this into account is flawed. The same way we're influencing climate on Earth, we will influence the "climate" of the universe.

      Now who wants to bed?

      --
      Views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the author.
    2. Re:Horizon Chasers by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      You're right about the interaction between "humans" and the universe, even fundamentally for both, in that timeframe.

      But it it takes you 3Ty to get to bed, I'll have to see if I change enough in that time to bed with you. But I guess that's the way to bet, in such a timescale.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    3. Re:Horizon Chasers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'm sorry, c and the Planck length say "no." In fact they say "not no, but HELL NO." Improving optical telescopes and using neat tricks to infer dark matter's presence from visible effects are both examples of doing something that's fairly hard, which is quite different from doing something that's impossible.

      As the cosmic expansion accelerates, the light cone that defines our universe will shrink. Anything that was beyond it will no longer be part of our universe. You're not talking about seeing stuff that's really far away anymore -- it's not far away, it's gone forever!

    4. Re:Horizon Chasers by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      As far as you know. If you were an expert from 3Ty in the future, you'd be lying.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    5. Re:Horizon Chasers by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      Anonymous conceited Coward, you're the one who looks foolish when you're certain that today's physical limits will absolutely constrain us for the next 3 trillion years. Like I said, only a hundred years ago, you'd have been certain that our universe was limited by whatever appeared in your optical telescope.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    6. Re:Horizon Chasers by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      These scenarios are nonsensical because we don't understand them. The Universe, though, is not nonsensical. So it's most probable that we don't understand the universe.

      Yet. What you have not come to grips with is the idea that this science that limits humans, limits the Universe, is wrong. Or, less flame-filled, incomplete. Which is what science is about: continuing to test drive the real Universe to update our roadmap, until they correspond precisely and accurately.

      We've already got a few hundred years perspective on science to know that the "state of the art" is both freedom from past ignorance, and today's chains. And we're talking about 3 trillion years in which to improve it.

      Now, if you've got science which proves that c will always be the limit on how fast we can get between points in space, I'd like to see it. But I'm pretty sure it doesn't exist. Even that informed belief, I suppose, could be wrong. But there you've got to prove it to get me to believe it is true. While all I'm saying is that FTL etc could be true in the future.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

  29. And String Theory Will... by littlewink · · Score: 1

    still be a jobs program employing thousands of physicists.

    1. Re:And String Theory Will... by Jugalator · · Score: 1

      And your point is...?

      If it's -- we're all gonna die anyway, well then that could be applied to any job. ;-)

      --
      Beware: In C++, your friends can see your privates!
  30. Re:uhh by hey! · · Score: 3, Insightful

    True. But we can predict that light bulb driven by a fixed battery will go dark within a predictable number of hours.

    --
    Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  31. Google by somegeekynick · · Score: 1

    Three trillion years...I suppose that's when that Google-beating start-up will rise.

  32. Hinduism by bodrell · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Interesting.. Except that Hinduism doesnt really exist. It was given a name by discoverers, but is really much more diverse than any other religion, because it isnt really a religion either. You can be a Christian and a "Hindu". Hinduism accepts that because you are actively pursuing the truth, alas other religions cannot accept that so easily.

    The creation myth comes from the Vedas, which is more scientific than myth and religion.
    I certainly didn't mean to disparage Hinduism--er, the philosophy of the people who read the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita--and I wasn't even sure if I should use the word "mythology" to describe the creation story. I'm aware of the fact that a person can be "Hindu" and still be a Christian, or Muslim, or Jew, or whatever. That's why the Muslims had such a frustrating time converting "Hindus" to Islam back in the Delhi Sultanate days. As long as you're following your dharma, you're being a good Hindu. Even if your dharma is to be a good Muslim.

    On the subject of misunderstandings about Hinduism, it bugs me that some people consider it to be a polytheistic philosophy. Not anymore so than most varieties of Christianity, with their Patris-Fílii-Spíritus Sancti trinity.

    --
    Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
  33. Mod parent THE FUCK DOWN by Bowling+Moses · · Score: 2, Insightful

    A score -1 Ignorant would be entirely appropriate. All the parent post is saying is that oooh, nasty little scientists got it wrong 500 years ago, therefore they're equally full of crap about things I don't understand. We got a pretty fucking good idea about the inner workings of our planet. We got a damn good understanding of meteorology and climatology, and we're progressing nicely in cosmology despite ignorance peddlers like you. Your post isn't even logically consistent--poor dumbass scientists got it wrong with a flat earth, got it wrong with the four elements (it's called alchemy...what eventually turned into the science of chemistry once all the religious/mystical woo woo was ripped out), can't predict with 100% accuracy the weather, the fuckers can't grab their asses with both hands. But they can build a rocket...

    <br>
    So, since scientists are a bunch of idiots, how about you, and your expertise in, uh, something or other come up with a brand new rocket fuel. Might I suggest penguins? Worked fine on whaling ships near Antarctica. *Houston, we need more speed* *Roger that, Epimetheus. Toss another penguin in the burner*

    1. Re:Mod parent THE FUCK DOWN by sohare · · Score: 3, Insightful

      While the parent was a bit harsh, he really does characterize a certain sect of woo wooers out there who have never studied anything more than high school physics but somehow think that every working scientist is wrong and missing some crucial insight that they, of all people, are privy to.

  34. Mouse by innot · · Score: 2, Funny

    Well, at last the Mouse will finally become public domain at about that time.
    I'm looking forward to get my free copy of Steamboat Willie..........

    --
    X IMPRIMITE "SALVE TERRA!"
    XX ITE AD X
  35. Historical sensory deprivation? by Assassin+bug · · Score: 1

    cloud the origins of the early universe


    Isn't the origin of the universe a little cloudy at the moment? TA indicates that there will be no information about how the universe expanded a long time from now. We don't know exactly how the universe is expanding now. If we did, we would know exactly how it formed, right? If this is an attempt to enhance funding for the study of the physics of space, they had better round off a couple zeros.
  36. Re:uhh by CorSci81 · · Score: 4, Informative

    The term you're looking for is red giant. Red dwarfs are just regular stars even smaller than our own, and the name comes from their reddish spectra.

  37. Re:uhh by zymano · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I agree.

    Another theory is that the particles will decay.

    What happens then?

    Something cool. New universe?

  38. -1 troll by peterpi · · Score: 1

    3,000,000,002,007: the year of the linux desktop!

  39. Re:Meahwhile.. by maxwell+demon · · Score: 1

    trillions of years from now the universe will become 'static' Back on earth, we can't even predict, with any real certainty, whether next Friday will be rainy, sunny, cloudy, etc. That's because the weather is incredibly more complex than the large-scale universe.
    --
    The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
  40. But how can the universe NOT collapse after time? by schweini · · Score: 1

    Just a little question i've been asking myself for ages: Why do current theories postulate the the universe will NOT contract back to a singularity after a (long) while? I thought i kind of understood the Big Bang/Big Crunch theory that used to popular, since gravity works at infinite distances, and should thus, ever so slowly, decelerate the expansion of the universe, or at least the fact that galaxies are traveling away from each other. AFAIU (understand), the constant acceleration of things in the universe (in part by the expansion of the universe) away from each other is powered by left-over energy from the Big Bang, which should be a finite amount of energy.
    So why does the ever-so-soft tugging of inter-galaxy gravity, over an infinite amount of time, NOT lead to a Big Crunch? Any Astrophysicist car to enlighten me? I really want to understand this...

  41. You know what I say by Master+of+Transhuman · · Score: 1


    "Email me when this happens."

    --
    Richard Steven Hack - This sig is TOO GODDAMN SHORT TO DO ANYTHING USEFUL WITH! MORONS!
  42. our new galaxy by blaine61 · · Score: 1

    does this we will no longer be considered urban,but perhaps suburban or rural?

  43. Re:But how can the universe NOT collapse after tim by grikdog · · Score: 1

    Because the universe IS a singularity, and the so-called "expanding universe" is simply a differential crunch toward pointspace. The edge of the universe is our own outer limits -- and event horizon. Credit Carl Sagan for this one :)

    --
    ``Tension, apprehension & dissension have begun!'' - Duffy Wyg&, in Alfred Bester's _The Demolished Man_
  44. Re:But how can the universe NOT collapse after tim by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 1
    because from recent calculations, not only is the universe expanding, its rate of expansion is increasing.

    I posted earlier about the Big Rip. From what I have been able to gather, it has not been refuted, and the evidence is still the same. The conclusion is that the universal expansion rate will go vertical in about 20 billion years. At that point the light cone will be smaller than the Planck distance - the universe then simply disappears. It will hit the universe everywhere at the same time. No big crunch. No "coming back". No "eternal return". Just this, now. Forever.

    RS

    --
    Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
  45. Duhh by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1, Informative
    Duhh... because weather is chaotic, whereas the universe expands and cools linearly?

    Go read your bible some more. Actual science is probably a little too scary for you.

  46. Re:uhh by Bonobo_Unknown · · Score: 1

    weren't they talking about the television series from the UK? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf

    --
    We don't believe in radical loony monotheistic religions from the middle east -- we're Christians.
  47. check yer logic, Aristotle by bodrell · · Score: 1

    Your entire last paragraph is a logical fallacy, mostly an argument from personal incredulity. It's amazing how often people make this.
    Ever taken a math class? Ever fit data to a mathematical model? Ever interpolated a value between two data points? The first thing they tell you is that extrapolation, unlike interpolation, is a dangerous and unreliable thing. The further you extrapolate from the existing data, the less likely it is that your extrapolation will be accurate. For a trivial example, take the Taylor series for the sine function. Unless you're really close to the origin, the Taylor series (centered at the origin) is a polynomial that goes to plus or minus infinity rather than being bounded by -1 to 1.

    So back to my point--my personal incredulity has nothing illogical about it. Three trillion years from now is so far away that it is asinine to make predictions about what will happen then. But nature is full of waves and cycles, from the microscale to the macroscale. So it makes way more sense, from a scientific, rational, empirical viewpoint that the universe would behave in some cyclical fashion than an infinite expansion--an idea, as I cited, which is mirrored in Hindu mythology / philosophy / whatever.

    I have a hunch you said I was making a logical fallacy because of your personal beliefs about religion (confirmed by reading some of your other comments). I am a very non-religious person myself, and I consider most religious beliefs to be fallacious. But for every question with a single correct answer there are an infinite number of incorrect answers. If I were to assume no correct answer existed simply because the vast preponderance of answers are incorrect, that would be a logical fallacy. In other words, if you assume an idea is wrong simply because it appears in a religious text, you're just as closed-minded as someone who believes an idea is right simply because it appears in that text. Scriptures are never going to take the place of science for providing definitive answers, but they might provide inspiration and insight for some good research.

    --
    Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a soportar Si la vida me da palo, yo la voy a espabilar
  48. Bacause that is how science progresses. by jotaeleemeese · · Score: 1

    Let the scientists play. They will bring us joys and worries.

    Many very interesting and useful advancements have come from what at the time looked like idle thinking.

    In our materialistic society nowadays many people forget that vacinnation, molecular biology and space travel started with people looking at bugs or at the stars for the sheer pleasure of doing so.

    --
    IANAL but write like a drunk one.
    1. Re:Bacause that is how science progresses. by iamacat · · Score: 1

      One thing for sure - now, as then, the society/governments do not seem to be interested in vaccination and space travel. A shame really, given that AIDS vaccine or a manned trip to Mars are within reach of our current technology, especially we accept a slight risk to a few informed volunteers inherent in such endeavors.

  49. There aren't no go areas for science by jotaeleemeese · · Score: 1

    We probe these questions because it is interesting and because we can.

    And very often knowledge for knowledge sake generates science that is useful in ways we did not imagine.

    What you are advocating is oscurantism of the worst kind and I, for one, will not surrender to such facile and defeatist attitude.

    --
    IANAL but write like a drunk one.
  50. Your post failed to be sarcastic by jotaeleemeese · · Score: 1

    It you are crap at being sarcastic don't blame others for not getting your brilliance.

    --
    IANAL but write like a drunk one.