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The Computer Virus Turns 25 in July
bl8n8r writes "In July of 1982, an infected Apple II propogated the first computer virus onto a 5-1/4" floppy. The virus, which did little more than annoy the user, Elk Cloner, was authored in Pittsburgh by a 15-year-old high school student, Rich Skrenta. The virus replicated by monitoring floppy disk activity and writing itself to the floppy when it was accessed. Skrenta describes the virus as "It was a practical joke combined with a hack. A wonderful hack." Remember, he was a 9th grader when he did this."
...if he had patented the virus.
Is there any information on the average age of people who have written the major viruses of the last couple decades? Has this age gone down over time?
I was at Lehigh when this was released. One of the first self propagating viruses, with a time delay to allow for greater infection, that was actually destructive. It was sort of a non-event to the users there; imagine my surprise when I looked it up years later and it figures prominently in virus history.
"As God is my witness, I thought turkeys could fly." A. Carlson
I take a snapshot of my sister's desktop, then open it in photoshop and clone all sorts of icon and littering it all over like a mess, then save the file and use it as a desktop background. She comes over to me screaming that her desktop is a mess and she couldn't find anything, and she can't open an icon when she clicks on it, much less highlight it! AHAHAHAHAHA!!!
:D
Not a virus, just a prank but still
is that the viruses for it are traditionally written by 9th graders who use the B: drive...
Atheist: Buddhist in a Prius
Finally, you're old enough to rent a car.
Mac OS has never had a virus problem.
Every 50th booting you'd get this (Note "-" is represents a ). Elk Cloner: The program with a personality- It will get on all your disks - It will infiltrate your chips- Yes it's Cloner!- It will stick to you like glue- It will modify RAM too- Send in the Cloner!- Now if I had gotten that when I was a little kid on my little Apple 2, I'd cry.
It's a type of Parrot you dolt
Anyone remember that one? It was such a pain in the ass at the time, but it didn't go around and delete files, etc. And we got it from pirating program after program. Solution? Install a pirated version of the first anti-virus programs. I'm so old that I can't remember what exactly it was... It might actually have been Norton.
I'm not claiming mine was the oldest because I'm sure someone did something similar on the old heavy iron even earlier than my little "payload" as we called then it.
Probably was McAfee. Which was a fantastic scanner at the time. Oh how things have changed since then. Sad to see both McAfee and Norton/Symantec turn into useless piles of garbage considering what they once were...
That was the first virus I remember, but its just 19 years old. It paralyzed the internet when it was released. But then the Net just had a few thousand nodes, most of them in the university. The worm was supposed to count nodes by sending a copy of itself to every entry in the host table, but the author forget to account for duplicates and circularities. So it just replicated until it filled the process spaces and internet bandwidth.
-1 NoShitSherlock
1981 - Apple Viruses 1, 2, and 3 are some of the first viruses "in the wild," or in the public domain. Found on the Apple II operating system, the viruses spread through Texas A&M via pirated computer games.
Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
I had sex with a PDP-11 in 1973 and it gave me chlamydia. That predates this asshat by almost a decade. Where's my trophy?!
Of the "ten most destructive PC viruses of all time":
CIH, by Chen Ing Hau, who "attended a university" at the time of release ~1998.
Melissa virus, by David L. Smith, age 31 in 1999
ILOVEYOU, by university student for thesis, 2000
Code Red, author unknown?
SQL Slammer, 2003, by a 21-22 year old
Blaster, 2003, variant by an 18 year old
Sobig, possibly by 30 year old Ruslan Ibragimov?
Bagle, author unknown?
MyDoom, unknown
Sasser, by 17 year old
Not much to go on.
My understanding was that the first computer viruses were penned at Bell Labs in a series of experiments called the "Core Wars". The goal was to eliminate as many enemy tasks as possible while keeping your tasks running. Byte has an article on the subject in the 1980's. Of course, at the time, disk media were in limited supply. This made spreading away from the test mainframe next to impossible.
Wikipedia link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_War
A couple thousand years ago, I deliberately infected a wooden abacus with termites, and put it in the mud hut with all the other abaci.
Slashdot Burying Stories About Slashdot Media Owned
but I remember a very old Scientific American article (60's maybe?) about program wars in which two programs would simultaneously reside in memory and each would seek out the other to destroy it, usually by inflicting a fatal erasure of a vital part from the memory stack. The article described the programs' different strategies of seek-and-destroy while simultaneously moving itself around to avoid destruction. Pretty primitive, but great fun.
Ibid.
Mmm... seems by browser doesn't support it. Know a plugin for FF that can handle that?
We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
Sadly, you represent a majority of the "CS Degree owners".
It's people like you that get jobs in major corporations and end up becoming security advisors.
Why, because I'm not interested in writing viruses? There are plenty of other CS topics one can study without learning how to write a virus.
But if they explain how they were well into programming before any formal education
I started programming long before I had any formal programming education. I've just always been more interested in game and audio programming, or at the very least, programs that help people, and not so much interested in programming malware...
ZuluPad, the wiki notepad on crack
"The virus, which did little more than annoy the user, Elk Cloner..." I knew Elk, and more than annoyed. Who new we'd all yearn for the day viruses were that benign?
As a CS degree holder who started programming at age 8 I see where you are coming from. But, I think you're missing out on many high quality programmers who started in other areas. Personally I find the most useful questions to separate talented from the useless are:
"What are your thoughts on the mythical man month?"
and
"Outside of work and school what are some interesting projects you have worked on?"
I know a lot great programmers without formal education, but I also know several excellent people who discovered programming in collage and actually know what they are doing.
So you're the frakker that fathered the Cylons!
Mod Karma -1: I sed bad wurds. If I cep my mouf shut, I wud be at riyses.
Late 90's/Early '00s. Had a friend working the computer lab when full shutdown occurred and EVERY screen crashes and goes blank (I THINK it was due to Melissa)...near finals, so everyone was working on their final projects and papers in the labs. 50+people saying "Oh, S---" at the same time. Most profs were nice and had some sympathy.
I had a friend back in the early 90s who one day found that his Amiga 500 wouldn't load some game. Then he proceeded to warm boot and test ALL his other floppy disks to see if they had the same problem. That virus destroyed 50 disks worth of pirated games in less than an hour.
OK, whether or not the old Mac OS sucked, which is simply a flamebate argument not worth getting into, what does that have to do with an *APPLE* virus?
-Daniel
"What are your thoughts on the mythical man month?"
I'm not a big fan of questions that require one to have read a particular book or to have knowledge of something that is not in their scope of expertise. The "Mythical Man Month" is a project management concept. Its not up to your programmers to decide, or understand how the project is managed, thats part of the standard division of labor (at least anyplace I have worked, perhaps you work in very different environments).
That said, I could discuss that question since I do have team lead experience and might want to do that in the future, but its pretty brutal to expect someone who is really a code jockey (and maybe really fantastic at doing just that) to answer questions on project management.
I liked your second question a bit more, but it assumes that ones life is wrapped up in coding. I have far too much else going on in my life to spend my free time writing code. If my job was rock climbing for a living, I probably wouldn't do very much of that in my off time either. Maybe I would write code instead.
"In America, first you get the sugar, then you get the power, then you get the women..." -H. Simpson
You know that "life" thing? That was me. I got cast down to my creation after infecting the Matrix.
Please, for the good of Humanity, vote Obama.
That was the first PC virus, created in 1986.
This is a sinful pleasure of mine, but honestly...
Worst Movie Evar!
Life takes interesting turns, but the most interest is when you're off the beaten path.
Yes.
Still funny as hell though.
You know, there is a difference between trolling and pointing out the flaws in your reasoning. Just saying.
Well some people admired of MacOS works and millions of hours multimedia, billions of mainstream newspapers, millions of scientific research done with it. The stuff you watch on your HDTV if produced back in 1990s is probably completely produced on that poor old OS which you claim to have sucked.
/ignore them at least for now.
;)
It could not cope with the modern times, it is true but it doesn't make it "suck". What sucks is the people switching to Mac OS X/Apple and trying to convert it to some nerd OS they were used to. Glad that Apple at least manages to
Some shareware applications on OS X are plain copying OS 9 way of things (UI behaviour) and they are hugely popular. I am not saying Apple shouldn't make a genius move as making NeXT "down to end user" and progressing it as new operating system. I am just saying MacOS is/was NOT Windows 3.1 or DOS. It really deserves some respect.
Also Mac OS X is not Unix Based, it is Mach+FreeBSD hybrid OS. It is the incarnation of NeXT. In fact, even at current level, a horribly broken FreeBSD layer OS X is still functional, got a badly cloned Mini upstairs, believe me I know.
The Dark Avenger Virus was the first to use a polymorphic encryption engine, in order to change it's "signature" at runtime.
It also pioneered the use of the "delta offset" - a clever assembly language trick that allowed for the body of the virus to be relocatable to any segment in memory, without hardcoding.
Perhaps most importantly, the commented source code for this virus was spread far and wide and inspired the creation of many virus groups such as Falcon/Skism and Nuke.
Sorry, but Creeper beat that Apple II virus by about 10 years.
c hapter=153310937
c hapter=153310910 states that such ideas and programs already started in the 40s and 50s.
http://www.viruslist.com/en/viruses/encyclopedia?
Furthermore http://www.viruslist.com/en/viruses/encyclopedia?
Jeroen Ruigrok/Asmodai
Seriously, how did this make the headlines ?
All it does is encourage people to flame it.
Pretty much for as long as computers have been useful there have been other people interested in stopping them from being useful. It's not really something to celebrate.
The nice thing about standards is that there are so many of them to choose from. -- Andrew S. Tanenbaum
The idea of computer viruses are much older then even 1979. Two stories come to mine "The Adolescence of P1" - 1977, "The ShockWave Rider" 1975, both which describe the concept of malicious, unwanted computer programs that infect other systems. While these books describe concepts, they were more then likely based on then current discussions in the computer world.
Wow, the Virus could be Blogging's father. That is if he's not reading slashdot - in this case older brother is the best he can be (not old enough to be even Vlogging's dad).
Xerox PARC had personal computers connected with Ethernet in the laboratory in 1976. Yes, these were not commercially available, but the technology was pretty much the same as seen later when commercial products were introduced (by others). About then (maybe 1977), a researcher installed some software on one PC to do an experiment in load sharing among PCs. The software replicated across the entire lab and generated a storm of traffic that shut everything down. The first PC virus was an denial of service attack.
My first questions in an interview to hire someone is, "Are you a programmer?" The second question is,"Did you goto school for this?" If they answer "yes" then they don't get the job.
CS Graduates don't goto school. They instantiate a CSStudent (using a StudentFactory class). CSStudent implemnents a functor Notify callback as part of the abstract Student interface. Using the Observer pattern, they call the Attach method of the ConcreteSchool class which implements the School Interface. Then the ConcreteSchool class calls Notify and passes a Notification object containing a ConcreteClass object which the Student stores in a Dictionary class, Knowledge. In the examination Use Case, the Notify is called with a ExamNotification object containing a List of ExamQuestion objects. CSStudent intantiates an Iterator which iterates though the list and uses the Dictionary object's Lookup method to answer each question, calling before calling ExamNotification's Answer method.
After reception of a Graduation, ExamFailure or DrugsBust notification, the CSStudent destructor is called. This in turn calls the Knowledge destructor and the Knowledge Dictionary is deleted.
echo -e 'global _start\n _start:\n mov eax, 2\n int 80h\n jmp _start' > a.asm; nasm a.asm -f elf; ld a.o -o a;
Not enough time right now to go into depth, but I sorting through a collection of 5.25" Apple images, I saw this message popup on one of the emulators "bootup". Had no idea what it was and didn't bother looking too far in depth into it. This was back in 2006, when I was organizing my collection of stuff I had written as a kid, random public domain disks I had copies, of, random things I had made copies of as a kid from my gradeschool computer lab, etc...in the process, plenty of "catalog" commands ran (this is how it spreads, he has the 6502 source http://www.skrenta.com/cloner/clone-src.txt on his website and a few more items about it there), plenty of disks "swapped" out of virtual floppy drives, so I'm sure the infection is well spread.
:)
Maybe I'll keep it around as a living pet in my emulator
Imagine his wealth...if he had patented the virus.
His patent would have been challenged due to prior art. (One I know about is John Walker's "Pervading Animal" in 1975, although there are claims of earlier stuff.)
Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
Try SGI or Amiga. Macs were likely used in simple things, but I doubt in any serious capacity.
FreeBSD and Mach are Unix based. So is OSX.
Well some people admired of MacOS works and millions of hours multimedia, billions of mainstream newspapers, millions of scientific research done with it. The stuff you watch on your HDTV if produced back in 1990s is probably completely produced on that poor old OS which you claim to have sucked.
I would also like to point out that IRIX was a wonderful multimedia OS. Especially if you needed to render something in OpenGL (they made OpenGL after all...)
I'm starting to think GNU is the problem with "GNU/Linux" these days.
I'd beat that kid up after school.
Then go to my house and stop me from burning that wash rag in the kitchen sink!
Perhaps DMA is turned off or one of your drives is fried. I'd run a HD diagnostic test as it seems the system is freezing while it's waiting for read/write attempts to error out.
According to other reporting this is not actually the first virus. The first virus really should be the Creeper virus that infected DARPANET systems back in the early 70's. According to Viruslist, the virus was written for the Tenex operating system and was capable of independently gaining access through a modem and copying itself to a remote system. Once infected, the system would display the following message: "I'M THE CREEPER: CATCH ME IF YOU CAN."
The Reaper was written to replicate and find Creeper and delete it. Then came Rabbit in 1974 which caused systems to crash because it screwed system performance due to replicating so fast (wonder why it was called Rabbit.....)
News Reporters Make Tasty Polar Bear Treats!
Normally it wouldn't except that there would be an extra charge on them if they get caught. Patent Infringement. Now that may not stop to many (maybe one or two where that one extra law will make them think twice) But it would keep them in jail longer though.
If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
The NES used a modified version of the 6502.
In addition, the Commodore PET and VIC-20 used the 6502, and the 64 and 128 used the 6510 (a modified 6502.)
Also, the Atari 2600, 5200, 400, and 800 used either a modified 6502 (for the 2600) or a 6502 (for the others.)
The Apple II ProDos in 1982 had about as much in common with Mac OS X in 2007 as LINUX in 1989 has with Linux today. (That is, it didn't exist. ;))
We would be talking about Apple DOS 3.3 here, which had been around for two years, and had already gotten a bugfix. (Then again, finding out what version you actually had was difficult, as they weren't versioned differently, and they dropped in place of one another - one could actually put the bugfixed 3.3 on a non-bugfixed System Master, and the HELLO code wouldn't be changed, with the date being the old date... vice versa also worked...)
Ah, the joy of being young and destructive. Reminds me of something I did when I was younger...
I was in my middle school computer lab, bored and I guess pissed off about something. Anyway, the lab machines were these Mac SE/30's, old even for the time. On the hard drive there were eight folders. So in a bid to freak out the next person to use the computer, I placed all of these into one folder. Then I made eight new folders, and renamed them with the names of the eight original folders. Then I placed these into a folder, and copied that folder eight times. I renamed the copies with the names of the eight originals. Then I placed these into a folder, and repeated the process. So now when someone opened one of the folders, they would find the same folders. When they oppened one of those, they would find the same folders again. The actual files I put in some random bottom level folder. (if I had been really trying to be an ass, I would have made them invisible)
Amazingly enough, the instructor did not see the humor in what I had done. For my part I was shocked that she hadn't thought of a better way to find the originals, other than manually searching through all the folders.
While the two brothers did have a hardware store, they were NOT selling pirated software. They had had written a medical software and they wanted to discourage people from pirating their software.
:)
I know because I my house is just just a few blocks away from their shop. I have met Basit (Don't know if he is the elder one or the younger one) and he is quite an easy-going, nice person. The brothers are still in business and are running an ISP these days.
When I was growing up in Pakistan, I knew US as the land of GI Joe and Spider Man. But we had the brothers that wrote the first PC virus and rocked the world!! What can I say, a teenager needs his heros
Yes, but it's a concept from a book that was written specifically about software development projects.
What's more, even a "code jockey" is going to be expected to give reasonable estimates of how much time it will take his team to complete a particular task. That's kind of what the MMM is all about.
So, thanks for playing, but if you can't be bothered to read one of the oldest and most respected books about your chosen career then I think it's fair for the recruiter to note that, at the very least, you don't read much.
Breakfast served all day!
http://www.kottke.org/98/11/my-mac-sucks
Doesn't this sound an awful lot like the OP to you? It gets posted (usually in a modified form) as a rather amusing troll in most Mac-related discussions here nowadays. The "SWITCHEUR" troll is pretty funny too.
I may make you feel, but I can't make you think.
...and Tron had it's 25th anniversary just a few weeks before....Coincidence?
*insert ominous music*
CyberKender
Apparently Appointed Lord Mayor of There
You're a moron, and I think you know it. Otherwise you wouldn't have posted as an AC. I hope you're not working on anything important. For your employer's sake.
Try SGI or Amiga. Macs were likely used in simple things, but I doubt in any serious capacity.
Avid video suites? All Mac based until a few years ago, and many of the original installations are still operational in production facilities around the world.
Blank until
You can download the Bluescreen screensaver directly from Microsoft themselves! It's better than your method, because bumping the mouse doesn't do anything like it would normally; you have to hit a key. And, it "restarts" itself manually, even reading NTOSKRNL to find the bootscreen, so that if it's a modified boot screen, or a different version of Windows, it still works. My favorite download all time on microsoft.com. Perfect for April 1.
*Well, sysinternals made it, but Microsoft bought them out, so now they distribute it.
Don't even mention that thing. I thought it would be cool, downloaded and ran it a few times but the fucking thing always bluescreened when I activated it.
It took me a few reboots to think "wait a minute, the BSOD screensaver BSODs? Goddamnit"...
Send email from the afterlife! Write your e-will at Dead Man's Switch.
Inspired from
http://www.elkcloner.com/
I feel like death on a soda cracker.
For the younger set: the virus used to take over the screen with the text "I'm the cookie monster - I want a cookie". Then "Cookie Cookie Cookie". You had to type in "COOKIE" to stop it.
"The greatest lesson in life is to know that even fools are right sometimes" - Winston Churchill
/*
*you forgot to include:
*class Concete throws alcohol, drugs, sex
*The following is an example of how you would use these in the CSStudent Class:
/*<snip>*/
CSStudent stud = new CSStudent("University");
/*<snip>*/
try {
stud.grad("New CS Degree");
}
catch (BeerException b) {
stud.delayGrad(b.amount);
System.err.println("Graduation slowed by " + b.amount + " years");
}
catch (DrugException lsd) {
stud.delayGrad(lsd.brainOverload);
System.err.println("Overdose");
exit 1;
}
catch(PregnancyException p) {
Girlfriend g = new GirlFriend("any");
Infant i = new Infant();
System.err.println(p.value + " was an accident! I swear it's not mine!");
g.i(
ChildSupportClass court = new ChildSupport() {
court.setPayments();
court.messyBreakupWithGirlfriend(g);
}
);
Canada c = new Canada();
this.goto(c);
}
///list other exceptions here......
}
//And that's only if their main programming language is Java!!
Happy birthday to you,
Happy birthday to you,
Happy birthday to viruses,
Hap...
Fatal Error: HappyBirthday.exe has been corrupted. Please contact your system administrator.
[OK]
"A deadlock has been reached. One task must die. We must now choose between murder and suicide."
I sincerely hope you didn't actually think those were real BSODs. I hope you're just joking...
If it did real BSODs, that would be a problem, but I doubt that it would actually do that.
In 1974 at McGill in Montreal my friend and I decided to write a self-propagating program on the 360 model 75 in use at the time. It would spawn itself via the HASP internal reader and print out huge banners with uncomplimentary remarks regarding the head of the data center on the dozen or so printers around town. It took the data center by surprise and it took them most of a day to figure out how to purge it. We were caught and fined. Justice was done but we may have had the honors of creating one of the first viruses. Needless to say personal computers were years away. While I would kick the crap out of anyone I caught writing virus software today I will never forget the thrill of that experience.
Amiga is still used in titling and there is no reason it should be abandoned for SD (non HD).
SGI were serious rendering farms and 3d design workhorses.
At the end, all went to AVID million dollar monster which was entirely built on Macintosh platform. In fact lots of AVIDs must still be running MacOS since you don't run and update OS on such systems.
AVID didn't even have non Mac product until they had some fight with Apple.
OS X is NeXT with inventions added from MacOS, having a layer of FreeBSD or having same scheme of doing things as original Unix doesn't matter.
I can tell you one thing, the newspaper you read back in 1990s is done on Mac, the TV show you watched is done on Mac. Apple didn't move to OS X because MacOS was sucked, it just didn't fit to future without complete rewrite from beginning. They had NeXT in hand, why bother?
The only OS which sucked to speak with disgust is Windows. Windows 3.1 until Windows 2000. That crap kept computer industry 10 years back for ages.
That would mean that Microsoft innovated SOMETHING in the modern era. Not possible. But, it may be the SECOND virus....
Pavlov wouldn't be so famous if he'd used a can opener instead of a bell.
I was replying to the comment my post was in reply to, not the main article. Geez, mod it off-topic if you have to, but save some for the GP.
We've secretly replaced Slashdot with new Folgers Crystals - let's see if it notices.
Oh yea and if you look at the very first sentence in this wikipedia article they call it a book on software project management, which is, you know, what it is.
So lets say you have a guy who knows C++ inside and out (and that is what you are developing in) he is an excellent architect who comes up with fantastic solutions to problems every day. He is a fantastic software engineer but he really doesn't want to manage projects so this book didn't really interest him at all and he never wasted his time reading it. Do you skip him over for some over glorified tech lead who has some management experience but cant code his way out of a paper bag?
Depends on the position you are hiring for I guess, but your question is not targeted at people who write code.
"In America, first you get the sugar, then you get the power, then you get the women..." -H. Simpson
I was kind of absent-minded, just running a new screensaver and seeing a BSOD. Only later did I realize what the screensaver was supposed to do :P
Send email from the afterlife! Write your e-will at Dead Man's Switch.