Slashdot Mirror
64-bit x86 Computing Reaches 10th Anniversary
illiteratehack writes "10 years ago AMD released its first Opteron processor, the first 64-bit x86 processor. The firm's 64-bit 'extensions' allowed the chip to run existing 32-bit x86 code in a bid to avoid the problems faced by Intel's Itanium processor. However AMD suffered from a lack of native 64-bit software support, with Microsoft's Windows XP 64-bit edition severely hampering its adoption in the workstation market."
But it worked out in the end.
A corrupt slashdot luser has pentrated the moderation system to downmod all my posts while impersonating me.
Nearly 230++ times that I know of @ this point for all of March/April 2013 so far, & others here have told you to stop - take the hint, lunatic (leave slashdot)...
Sorry folks - but whoever the nutjob is that's attempting to impersonate me, & upset the rest of you as well, has SERIOUS mental issues, no questions asked! I must've gotten the better of him + seriously "gotten his goat" in doing so in a technical debate & his "geek angst" @ losing to me has him doing the:
---
A.) $10,000 challenges, ala (where the imposter actually TRACKED + LISTED the # of times he's done this no less, & where I get the 230 or so times I noted above) -> http://it.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3585795&cid=43285307
&/or
B.) Reposting OLD + possibly altered models - (this I haven't checked on as to altering the veracity of the info. being changed) of posts of mine from the past here
---
(Albeit massively repeatedly thru all threads on /. this March/April 2013 nearly in its entirety thusfar).
* Personally, I'm surprised the moderation staff here hasn't just "blocked out" his network range yet honestly!
(They know it's NOT the same as my own as well, especially after THIS post of mine, which they CAN see the IP range I am coming out of to compare with the ac spamming troll doing the above...).
APK
P.S.=> Again/Stressing it: NO guys - it is NOT me doing it, as I wouldn't waste that much time on such trivial b.s. like a kid might...
Plus, I only post where hosts file usage is on topic or appropriate for a solution & certainly NOT IN EVERY POST ON SLASHDOT (like the nutcase trying to "impersonate me" is doing for nearly all of March/April now, & 230++ times that I know of @ least)... apk
P.S.=> here is CORRECT host file information just to piss off the insane lunatic troll:
--
21++ ADVANTAGES OF CUSTOM HOSTS FILES (how/what/when/where/why):
Over AdBlock & DNS Servers ALONE 4 Security, Speed, Reliability, & Anonymity (to an extent vs. DNSBL's + DNS request logs).
1.) HOSTS files are useable for all these purposes because they are present on all Operating Systems that have a BSD based IP stack (even ANDROID) and do adblocking for ANY webbrowser, email program, etc. (any webbound program). A truly "multi-platform" UNIVERSAL solution for added speed, security, reliability, & even anonymity to an extent (vs. DNS request logs + DNSBL's you feel are unjust hosts get you past/around).
2.) Adblock blocks ads? Well, not anymore & certainly not as well by default, apparently, lol - see below:
Adblock Plus To Offer 'Acceptable Ads' Option
http://news.slashdot.org/story/11/12/12/2213233/adblock-plus-to-offer-acceptable-ads-option )
AND, in only browsers & their subprogram families (ala email like Thunderbird for FireFox/Mozilla products (use same gecko & xulrunner engines)), but not all, or, all independent email clients, like Outlook, Outlook Express, OR Window "LIVE" mail (for example(s)) - there's many more like EUDORA & others I've used over time that AdBlock just DOES NOT COVER... period.
Disclaimer: Opera now also has an AdBlock addon (now that Opera has addons above widgets), but I am not certain the same people make it as they do for FF or Chrome etc..
3.) Adblock doesn't protect email programs external to FF (non-mozilla/gecko engine based) family based wares, So AdBlock doesn't protect email programs like Outlook, Outlook Express, Windows "LIVE" mail & others like them (EUDORA etc./et al), Hosts files do. THIS IS GOOD VS. SPAM M
Imagine the panacea we'd have with unlimited memory and unlimited IP addresses!
If it's such a success, why does 64-bit software generally only run marginally faster than its 32-bit build? 64-bit binaries are larger and might run 103% at the speed of 32-bit if you're lucky.
Sure, it helps with the 4GB memory space limit, but so can smart memory management and other approaches.
I could see it being useful for super-computing things, but in general, there still just doesn't seem to be a point.
For over tweenty years.
much of left-wing thought is a kind of playing with fire by people who don't even know that fire is hot - George Orwell
Does 64 bits really mean that every program is twice as big as it needs to be? Every time I hear about an innovation that requires things to be bigger, I question the necessity.
If you ignore Digital's Alpha AXP and the 64-bit MIPS CPUs that were released 20-plus years ago.
AMD may have helped create the x86-64 market, but now it's getting killed by it. soon Intel will be the only major player. ARM market is AMD's only hope.
We need 200 versions of Windows.
But it worked out in the end.
Yes, mostly due to the fact that we needed a way to get past the 4GB memory limitation, and not because we gave a damn about whether the processor was native x64 or not. AMD has had some great ideas, but they've almost always shorted themselves on the implimentation, leaving the field wide open for Intel to come in with a better offering and take the lion's share of the profit.
#fuckbeta #iamslashdot #dicemustdie
Dude you really NEED a new Lithium prescription! Really!
And counseling!
And ..Oh for Christs Sakes! You NEED to be institutionalized!
They got TV, Video games - ANY one you want! Really!
And ...
Goddamn it Sam!
Guys ...
The parent is with me at Bellevue.
His name is Daniel. He's a Time Lord - that's why you can't get to him and why he's always first post.
Yes, he took me back to 2021 and we Trolled President Hillary Clinton and vp Jeb Bush. We're on the run from the Secret Service for that. i wish he wouldn't do shit like this!!
No ...really BUUY GOLD and MORE Facebook!!!
FUCK - they're shooting at us.... go tot go!
*Hurrrrr ...huurrrr ....hurrrr....hurrr wahhhhhhh .... ping*
I can't wait for 128 bit !!!
Was Win XP x64 ever widely used? Nowhere I worked ever formally supported it. The driver support was poor, as Vista x64 was adopted more widely before the advent of 7.
In fact, I think we quickly migrated the 2 people (out of 20k+) we found using it.
I can't wait for the IPv6 version of this article in 2060.
XP x64, Microsofts ginger step-son of an OS. Ignored and dropped like a hot potato as soon as they could.
You couldn't get drivers for half the stuff, even MS didn't provide their own software and lots of 'free for home, pay for commercial' stuff would detect it as 2003 Server and refuse to run/install.
Somewhat of a shame really as it wasn't a bad OS.
So those 32 extra bits of memory addressing are nice. But don't forget about that 1 extra bit for identifying registers!
Those who fail to understand communication protocols, are doomed to repeat them over port 80.
with 32 bit on some system you get like 2.5-3.7gb useable ram. and yes video ram eats from the 4gb pool.
A 32-bit x86 app has access to 8 32-bit "general purpose" registers - they ain't really all general purpose because three of them are the stack pointer, frame pointer, and program counter.
A 64-bit x86 app has access to 16 64-bit "general purpose" registers. Optimize away the use of the frame pointer (if you can), and your app goes from 5 32-bit registers to 14 64-bit registers.
Of course, when you wrote your app you didn't do stupid brain-dead shit like "gee, size_t is really an unsigned int, so I'll use that to hold this pointer value", now did you?
And for those that want the best of both worlds, there is the x32 ABI, which uses all the good stuff from x86-64 (more registers, better floating-point performance, faster position-independent code shared libraries, function parameters passed via registers, faster syscall instruction... ) while using 32-bit pointers and thus avoiding the overhead of 64-bit pointers.
They're working on porting Linux to the new ABI...kernel and compiler support is there, not sure about all the userspace stuff.
But didn't Bill Gates tell us that we don't need more then 640k?
with 32 bit on some system you get like 2.5-3.7gb useable ram. and yes video ram eats from the 4gb pool.
I'm not sure if you're agreeing with the parent or disagreeing. Per-process you get less than 2 GB, for the system as a whole you get somewhat less than 4GB (depending on how much the system has mapped to something else). PAE can hack around the 4GB system limit somewhat.
In our algorithms lab there were programs that would gain more than 2x when compiled for 64 bit.
A more "real-world" example is when I started in 2005 at my current company. The engineers had 6-month old P4s @ 3.2 or 3.4GHz, running 32bit linux. For a project they used VisualStudio on VMWare and it took over a minute to compile the project. The company allowed engineers to choose their hardware, so I built an Athlon 64 @ 2.2 or 2.4GHz and I had it run 64bit SuSE. I remember the shock and awe from the first time I tried to compile the project under VMWare - a little more than 10 secs - the engineer next to me had his jaw drop. Of course most of the engineers immediately requested to switch to 64bit machines. I am not sure why it made such a difference in that application - perhaps the 16 general purpose registers come in really handy in this scenario? Of course it didn't help that the P4 was slower in everything (funny how at the time very few reviews really clarified this), but not order of magnitude slower...
Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent. Polar Scope Align for iOS
That's why I switched to using 1 bit microprocessors. My programs are really small now. I just wrote a database which I can fit in my pocket.
If the OP compares each file with every file, that would be CPU bound. With a well chosen hash table it shouldn't be.
Is this still Slashdot? Nobody mentioned that Linux supported x86 64 in 2001, before it was even released, while Windows was stuck at 32 bit for another four years.
Maybe no one felt like sucking the Linux dick today.
No Linux fanboys on Slashdot today? That's hard to believe. That's about as likely as not having anyone who just can't admit, after all these years of fail, that their "team", Microsoft, sucks horribly. So bad that not Only is Apple spanking them in sales, but a bunch a greasy, toenail-fungus-eating hippies programming in their spare time kicked the crap out of Microsoft for servers, embedded systems, and just about anything that's not attchached to a 19" CRT.
and yet, I only a hand full of 64 bit programs on this windows.
http://vl3x.sextgem.com/
[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com] wap hay[/url],[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com/Hack+game/NSO] hack nso[/url],[url=http://vl3x.
http://vl3x.sextgem.com/ http://vl3x.sextgem.com/Hack+game/NSO http://vl3x.sextgem.com/truyen-sex/index.html http://vl3x.sextgem.com/sms/chuc%20thi
[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com] wap hay[/url],[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com/Hack+game/NSO] hack nso[/url],[url=http://vl3x.
http://vl3x.sextgem.com/ http://vl3x.sextgem.com/Hack+game/NSO http://vl3x.sextgem.com/truyen-sex/index.html http://vl3x.sextgem.com/sms/chuc%20thi
[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com] wap hay[/url],[url=http://vl3x.sextgem.com/Hack+game/NSO] hack nso[/url],[url=http://vl3x.
So good in that AMD got the contract. It is money, no question about it, and the console market is not small. Better (for them) they should have it than IBM or someone.
So how is it bad? Low, low margins.
Consoles are very cost driven devices. Often sold at a loss initially, and then little to no profit later. The reason is they want to pack as much hardware as they can in for as cheap as they can. Well the other side of that is they lean on suppliers, hard, to offer very low prices. They don't give their suppliers a lot of profit. They don't force them to take a loss or anything (the suppliers wouldn't agree) but it is just this side of it.
So selling 50 million units for consoles is way less profitable than selling 50 million units for laptops, desktops, servers, that kind of thing.
Hence while it is better than having no sales at all, it is not as good as taking a bigger slice of the computer market.
For anyone interested in learning more about x86-64, Coursera, in conjunction with UWashington, just started a "Hardware/Software Interface" course that focuses on 64-bit processors.
Don't forget the obvious benefit of a 64-bit time_t data type when 2038 comes along.
Actually, you get however much of that memory is split off to userspace. The default on Windows is a 2GB/2GB split. Linux defaults to a 3GB/1GB split, offering more available to the application. In both cases, that is a user-configurable option.
I'm confused. If the first chip supporting x86 64 didn't come out until ten years ago, how did Linux support it two years prior?
You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
This might be the 10th anniversary of 64 bit x86 chips, but it's been 22 years since MIPS released their R4000 chip, and 21 years since DEC released the first ALPHA chip. Either of which are superior architectures to that lowly AMD Athlon 64. But... neither of which ran the "standard" of x86 instructions.
Yet another example of mediocrity beating out a superior technology through better marketing. And the customers -- that would be us -- paid the price by waiting nearly 25 years for the inferior tech. to finally catch the frell up. And this, you want us to celebrate? Um.... no.
AMD wouldn't launch a chip they had never booted, so it couldn't really be publicly released BEFORE it had any OS support. So, you need an OS before you release.
In fact, they really wanted to test the instruction set and design before spending big bucks fabbing the chips. Linux had already been 64 bit for five years on Alpha, so 64 bit Linux was well proven. So they created an emulator for the new instruction set and Linux was ported, running on the emulator. Therefore, Linux supported x86_64 before the processor physically existed.
I think a good project would be to port OpenVMS to a still surviving RISC such as MIPS, POWER or even SPARC. Both MIPS & POWER have open consortiums, so making a 'VAX' platform based on either, and then porting OVMS to it would elongate its lifetime for those who must have it. Even better would be to re-implement the Alpha 21364 architecture - the netlists and whatever - to today's lithographies w/o changing a thing about frequencies, or anything else. You'll get a lot cooler CPU which runs the same OVMS software w/o any changes, and can then just extend the lives of existing Alphaservers indefinitely. Certainly better than nervously following HP and Itanium to goodness knows where.
How does 32-bit Linux handle video cards with a gig or more of VRAM? Honest curiosity; the last time I ran 32-bit Linux I think my video card had only 256MB. On Windows, I think it would just fail to load the video driver, although I haven't checked (been a long time since I ran 32-bit Windows on raw hardware too).
There's no place I could be, since I've found Serenity...
You're embarassing yourself Jeremiah Cornelius http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3581857&cid=43276741 since you posted that using your registered username by mistake (instead of your usual anonymous coward submissions by the 100's the past 2-3 months now on slashdot) giving away it's you spamming this forums almost constantly, just as you have in the post I just replied to.
"I decided to try with the DNS cache disabled. This isn't a good idea, as it forces uncached name resolution to be done for every single lookup" - by Anonymous Coward on Monday April 22, 2013 @09:41PM (#43521411)
#1 - It IS how you get past your stupid earlier mistakes (documented in my 'p.s.' below with links to them) of leaving the local faulty with big hosts files dns caching client service enabled in Windows - You can read more on it here http://hosts-file.net/?s=Download , to verify that much from MalwareBytes' HpHosts site (on the top left-hand side of that site's "hosts file installation" section there).
Take a read there - You might even LEARN something!
(Still - Nice to see you read my words in those 2 links I just posted in my 'p.s.' below though)
Linux has no such issue, & it is the 1 thing I will give it over Windows (that, & being able to use 0 as a valid blocking address too, VISTA onwards can't after 12/09/2008, since it's tinier it parses & loads + reads faster)!
---
#2 - The local diskcaching subsystem will cache the hosts file data into RAM, like any file can be (once you turn off the faulty with larger hosts files dns clientside cache service in Windows - saving the CPU cycles, RAM, & other forms of I/O it was using too: BONUS!), and , & keeps the hosts file, as is unaltered, that way in memory.
---
#3 - I architect my custom hosts file, thus:
20 hardcoded favorite sites I spend a good 95% or better of my time online at the TOP of my custom hosts file (so it is faster than DNS indexes up to past 2 million entries)
The rest are BLOCKED SITES (known bad sites/servers/hosts-domains that serve up exploits with data from 15++ reputable sites for it) - so WHO CARES HOW FAST THEY "RESOLVE" WHEN I NEVER INTENDED TO GET TO THEM?
That's roughly 1,968,340 on blocked known bad entries currently by the way (the majority of my custom hosts file here - all sorted alphabetically in THAT structure noted above, in blocks)...
---
#4 - By running from Ring 0/RPL 0/kernelmode, as the host file does for the IP stack itself (fastest mode of operations there is by the way), as well as being in-memory cached? You, fail.
---
#5 - Also - Don't you realize that making LOCAL in-memory cached requests on hosts files (with your favorite sites hardcoded into the TOP of it, which beats indexing up to 2++ million entries) is FAR FASTER than calling out to remote DNS servers? It is, by far...
---
#6 - Lastly, by blocking out adbanners (around 40% of the mass of every site's pages) you see TREMENDOUS speed-gains, as well as less threats.
---
Bottom-Line: You are LYING LIKE HELL, and you know it (on email, also noted & QUOTED below along with your earlier HUGE mistakes, lol!).
APK
P.S.=> You messed up on this 4x by now, like here http://tech.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3673511&cid=43516405 and also a 2nd time, here http://hardware.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3671613&cid=43514927
It's a widely known problem in Windows' known faulty DNS clientside local cache service with larger hosts files (you err in that mistake with the blatantly faulty dns caching client in Windows when using large hosts files).
So, turn off your local dns clientside cache service in Windows to solve your problem (also saving its cpu cycles, ram, and other forms of I/O it uses as apk also pointed out since it fails with bigger hosts files).
---
"This is the email I sent him to refute his garbage. No response. Imagine that." - by Anonymous Coward on Monday April 22, 2013 @09:41PM (#43521411)
I received no email fr
THIS is why he's doing it & proof of it, here -> http://interviews.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3585927&cid=43295193 when others pointed out Jeremiah Cornelius forgot to submit one of the "first post spams" masquerading as myself as AC, & mistakenly submitted one of the impersonations of myself as his registered 'luser' name here on /. forums.
Pretty pitiful actually, but like every up to no good idiot does? He screwed up & submitted it under his registered 'luser' name here.
* Jeremiah Cornelius: DO YOURSELF, and the rest of us, A GIANT FAVOR MAN: Seek professional psychiatric help!
(Since Jeremiah Cornelius obviously can't get over the fact he made a spelling error on what it is HE ALLEGEDLY DID FOR A LIVING? That's not MY fault... it's HIS!)
APK
P.S.=> I seriously must have dusted JC (in his mind @ least) for his BAD spelling error & it "got his goat"...
I.E.-> Catching what he claimed to do as a job, for YEARS he left "PENETRATION" (correct) spelled as "PENTRATION" (incorrect) on his resume on LinkedIn & I pointed it out as he & his friends trolled me as usual (webmistressrachel, gmhowell, & crew (probably ALL JC no doubt using alterate emails or TOR to do it as a possible - I've caught "them & theirs" doing it before, ala Barbara, not Barbie = TomHudson (same person))).
So THAT is what has gotten his goat in a technical debate & his "geek angst" could only come up with *trying* to "impersonate me" in every news thread on /. for the month of March 2013 so far!
(Just to attempt to 'discredit me' as a spammer here obviously)
Doing so, by posting that "$10,000 challenge" &/or reposts of my old posts on hosts file value to end users into EVERY SINGLE NEWS ARTICLE POSTED on /. ...
It's all I can think of that *might* cause such a mentally troubled 'reaction' like the Jeremiah Cornelius is doing & there's NO QUESTION he's the one doing this spamming of nearly every posted article masquerading as myself...!
... apk
You're embarassing yourself Jeremiah Cornelius http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=3581857&cid=43276741 since you posted that using your registered username by mistake (instead of your usual anonymous coward submissions by the 100's the past 2-3 months now on slashdot) giving away it's you spamming this forums almost constantly, just as you have in the post I just replied to.
You fail it, Paul. Your skill is not enough.