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The Dominant Life Form In the Cosmos Is Probably Superintelligent Robots

Jason Koebler writes: If and when we finally encounter aliens, they probably won't look like little green men, or spiny insectoids. It's likely they won't be biological creatures at all, but rather, advanced robots that outstrip our intelligence in every conceivable way. Susan Schneider, a professor of philosophy at the University of Connecticut, joins a handful of astronomers, including Seth Shostak, director of NASA's Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, NASA Astrobiologist Paul Davies, and Library of Congress Chair in Astrobiology Stephen Dick in espousing the view that the dominant intelligence in the cosmos is probably artificial. In her paper "Alien Minds," written for a forthcoming NASA publication, Schneider describes why alien life forms are likely to be synthetic, and how such creatures might think.

391 comments

  1. I always thought by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    They were made out of meat

    1. Re:I always thought by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Reference for the Whooshees out there: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tScAyNaRdQ&safe=active

    2. Re:I always thought by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      They were made out of meat

      If our main goal is to reproduce and spread among the galaxy, then a brain inside a dick will be the quickest route: cut out the middle-men organs. In fact, skip the brain.

    3. Re:I always thought by fiftwitty · · Score: 1

      ..on one planet, another they were made of something else...

    4. Re: I always thought by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That is basically what humans are. However, you are forgetting physical size limitations due to the need for brain power production.

    5. Re:I always thought by RockDoctor · · Score: 1

      If our main goal is to reproduce and spread among the galaxy,

      There's an important word in your comment : the first one. "If". It may be your primary aim in life, but I'm completely content to not reproduce. Since we've no evidence of intelligent life anywhere else in the universe (and precious little down here on Earth), we do have an obligation to the future to spread life in general until we discover that someone else has been or is doing the same, in order to reduce the odds of life becoming extinct. But personal reproduction - who needs that?

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
    6. Re:I always thought by arvindsg · · Score: 1

      We, if guys like you don't reproduce than a few generations from now only people alive will be the ones with the primary aim of reproduction. After all a child's behavior does have a high correlation with his/her parent's behavior..

    7. Re:I always thought by RockDoctor · · Score: 1
      On the other hand, we're not extinct yet, and have certainly been around for millennia. The only difference is that for the last century or so, effective contraception has been available.

      Aldous Huxley may have been predictive.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
  2. So they really are going to be shocked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    that we're entirely made of meat.

    1. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by Urkki · · Score: 1

      that we're entirely made of meat.

      But, at the point we're going to be intelligent machines too...

    2. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Bones are meat!?!?!

    3. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Depends how fast we demeatify ourselves. I suspect that meatmachine organisms will be seen as pre-evolutionary amoebites.

    4. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by Wintermute__ · · Score: 1

      Bones are meat!?!?!

      Sure, just ask your dog (or a hyena).

    5. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      that we're entirely made of meat.

      But, at the point we're going to be intelligent machines too...

      woooooooooooOOSH!

    6. Re:So they really are going to be shocked... by confused+one · · Score: 1

      You can eat marrow; and, with a little grinding, you can eat bone meal as well.

  3. Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    I, for one, welcome our new robot overlords.

    1. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Can we retire this joke? Please?

    2. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nope.

    3. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      I, for one, welcome our old joke overlords.

    4. Re:Welcome. by Black+Parrot · · Score: 4, Funny

      I, for one, welcome our new Probably Superintelligent Robots overlords.

      FTFY

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    5. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I just wonder why the alien robot overlords like to probe the ports of ugly bags of mostly water. I guess they could be like R2D2 and can't always tell a com port from a power port?

    6. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I, for one, welcome our new joke overlords.

    7. Re:Welcome. by CohibaVancouver · · Score: 4, Funny

      Can we retire this joke? Please?

      In Soviet Russia, joke retire you!

    8. Re:Welcome. by jamiesan · · Score: 2

      or an exhaust port.

    9. Re:Welcome. by CohibaVancouver · · Score: 5, Funny

      Can we retire this joke? Please?

      Imagine a Beowulf cluster of these jokes!

    10. Re:Welcome. by g0bshiTe · · Score: 1

      This joke will be retired when Bennett is!

      This post brought to you by the committee to re-elect Bennett Hassleton.

      --
      I am Bennett Haselton! I am Bennett Haselton!
    11. Re:Welcome. by bugs2squash · · Score: 1

      But does it run Linux ?

      --
      Nullius in verba
    12. Re:Welcome. by paintballer1087 · · Score: 5, Funny

      Can we retire this joke? Please?

      Netcraft now confirms: This joke is retired.

    13. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Now you're milking it! Bad contributor, only one mod point for you!

    14. Re: Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aaaannnnndddd it's been blended.

    15. Re:Welcome. by Minwee · · Score: 1

      I don't see why. It’s a perfectly cromulent joke.

    16. Re:Welcome. by Heathren-bert · · Score: 3, Funny

      Only old people from Korea expire jokes.

    17. Re: Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This joke, naked and petrified covered in hot grits.

    18. Re:Welcome. by lgw · · Score: 4, Funny

      Natalie Portman, naked and covered in old jokes!

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    19. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only Chuck Norris can run them on Linux.

    20. Re:Welcome. by LifesABeach · · Score: 1

      But will our new robotic overlords already know the punch lines of earths old jokes? Their weakness is revealed.

    21. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why? Is it a replicant?

    22. Re: Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm behind 7 proxies. Just try to retire this joke!

    23. Re: Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to worry. These superintelligent robots were recently upgraded to systemd and they no longer boot properly.

    24. Re: Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to worry. Dice bought out these superintelligent robots and then fscked them up with Beta.

    25. Re:Welcome. by Sloppy · · Score: 2

      Have you ever retired a riddle by mistake?

      --
      As copyright owner of this comment, I authorize everyone to defeat any technological measure which limits access to it.
    26. Re:Welcome. by confused+one · · Score: 1

      More important, will the joke run Crysis?

    27. Re: Welcome. by Kyogreex · · Score: 1

      Don't breathe this...

    28. Re:Welcome. by Boronx · · Score: 1

      You do the job long enough and it's bound to happen.

    29. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In Soviet Portman, new joke overlords welcome one for Natalie.

    30. Re:Welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm Bennett Hassleton and I approved this message.

    31. Re:Welcome. by Aereus · · Score: 1

      But will a Beowolf Cluster of these jokes blend?

    32. Re:Welcome. by CanEHdian · · Score: 1

      Only old people from Korea expire jokes.

      In Soviet Russia, old jokes expire YOU!

      --
      When the copyright term is "forever minus a day", live every day like it's the last.
    33. Re: Welcome. by RicktheBrick · · Score: 1

      Two super intelligent beings are talking.
      First one. I am smarter than you.
      Second one. No! I am smarter than you.
      First one. Well I can create a being with half my intelligence and it still would be smarter than you.
      Second one. Well I can create a being with a third of my intelligence and it still would be smarter than you.
      Several seconds later.
      First one. I can create a being with intelligence one billionth of mine and it still would be more intelligent than you.
      Second one. Okay go ahead.
      First one . Okay that planet over there looks good. I will create a being on it and we will revisit it after a million of it revolutions around its sun to see how intelligent it is.

    34. Re:Welcome. by slashdotwannabe · · Score: 1

      Can we retire this joke? Please?

      Cue the Streisand Effect in 3... 2... 1...

      --
      This comment is my opinion and does not represent an official position of Donald Trump or others I do not work for
  4. Well, duh by 0123456 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Hasn't this been common knowledge among SF readers for years?

    1. Re:Well, duh by mtrachtenberg · · Score: 2

      Peter Watts -- Blindsight. Superb.

    2. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      While an interesting theory there is no support for this in any form. We have no evidence so all we can do is speculate. So don't get too excited...

    3. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      SF != Reality. Everyone knows that.

      However there is a strong possibility that these robots won't be all robot brain'd but be a collective of biological lifeform in a robot body for longevity, because of the amount of time it takes to transverse space for biological lifeforms, either cryogenics or some form of deep hibernation would be necessary.

    4. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hodge posh... The evidence is the soon to be singularity that will free us from the biological constraints!

    5. Re:Well, duh by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 3, Funny

      SF != Reality. Everyone knows that.

      However there is a strong possibility that these robots won't be all robot brain'd but be a collective of biological lifeform in a robot body for longevity, because of the amount of time it takes to transverse space for biological lifeforms, either cryogenics or some form of deep hibernation would be necessary.

      So Daleks with a built in beer cooler.

    6. Re:Well, duh by wagnerrp · · Score: 1

      There's no reason biological organisms cannot have an indefinite lifespan. Stasis would only be necessary for the purposes of reducing energy consumption and preventing boredom, which would both be issues in a machine intelligence.

    7. Re:Well, duh by Beck_Neard · · Score: 1

      It's basically the 'elder race' idea (that is, lifeforms that are creations of a long-gone ancient biological 'elder' race), so yes, it's pervasive through SF and has been for decades. And for those saying that SF != Reality, it's not like the philosophers mentioned here are going by any new experimental insights. Their reasoning is exactly the same as the SF writers.

      --
      A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
    8. Re:Well, duh by kruach+aum · · Score: 1

      Those are starfish aliens, and not the mechanical kind.

    9. Re:Well, duh by khasim · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Well if you look at what has been "common knowledge" in SF in years past ...

      And she gets her terms wrong.

      Knowing that we are not alone in the universe would be a profound realization, and contact with an alien civilization could produce amazing technological innovations and cultural insights.

      The universe includes all the galaxies. Our sun will probably burn out before we get a message from another galaxy. Stick to your own galaxy. That is difficult enough.

      Which brings up the next error:

      Even if I am wrong -- even if the majority of alien civilizations turn out to be biological -- it may be that the most intelligent alien civilizations will be ones in which the inhabitants are SAI.

      SAI is her term for "superintelligent artificial intelligence". So she has just written a tautology. Unless you want to get into super-superintelligent or ultra-superintelligent.

      And the rest is more of the same.

    10. Re:Well, duh by khallow · · Score: 5, Funny

      So Daleks with a built in beer cooler.

      Which if you think about it, is the way to go especially coupled with the conversion of the Dalek armor to a jacuzzi. I'm surprised the Doctor never spotted this defect in the Dalek design. But I guess that would have made for a short Doctor Who season with everyone becoming a blissfully drunk and jacuzzied Dalek and living happily ever after. "INEBRIATE! INEBRIATE! INEEEEBRIIIIIATE!"

    11. Re:Well, duh by g0bshiTe · · Score: 2

      Why do you think they build official buildings with so many sets of stairs?

      --
      I am Bennett Haselton! I am Bennett Haselton!
    12. Re:Well, duh by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1

      Stasis would only be necessary for the purposes of reducing energy consumption and preventing boredom, which would both be issues in a machine intelligence.

      When can we get that? I'm bored now - speaking as an intelligent (biological) machine (my predilection for posting on /. not withstanding...)

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    13. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What if the robots use heat-modulated transistors? Is that good or bad?

    14. Re:Well, duh by Talderas · · Score: 2

      ULTRA intelligence played a part in winning World War II.

      --
      "Lack of speed can be overcome. In the worst case by patience." --Znork
    15. Re:Well, duh by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 1

      So Doctor Who can show off that it actually has a CGI/effects budget now?

    16. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Those terms are used for clarity. Understand the subject matter before flapping your mouth.

      An elementary AI may not be able to do all the tasks that humans are capable of---yet it is still intelligent as long as it exhibits such traits as learning and independent agency. An advanced AI presumably can do most, if not all, of the things humans can do, as well as some things that are not possible for normal people. The term SAI is applied to the kinds of machines that we could barely comprehend.

      To sci-fi writers and especially cyberpunk fans, such machines seem almost mundane. They were imagined decades ago, and there are reams of fiction about them.

      But yeah, there is no tautology simply because the term is descriptive and specific---unless you're an unthinking, bile-spewing imbecile who does not understand why such a distinction might be germane.

    17. Re:Well, duh by chthon · · Score: 1

      Revelation Space, Alastair Reynolds

    18. Re: Well, duh by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Sure, but they're tough to upgrade and a huge pain in the ass to repair. Not to mention the hardware is delicate and finicky. Given the technology to do so, any intelligent species is going to make some upgrades.

    19. Re:Well, duh by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Disabled Access is a Dalek conspiracy.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    20. Re:Well, duh by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 2

      And she gets her terms wrong.

      Knowing that we are not alone in the universe would be a profound realization, and contact with an alien civilization could produce amazing technological innovations and cultural insights.

      The universe includes all the galaxies. Our sun will probably burn out before we get a message from another galaxy. Stick to your own galaxy. That is difficult enough.

      How has she "got her terms wrong" there? If we find out we're not alone in the galaxy, we'll also know we're not alone in the universe.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    21. Re:Well, duh by mtrachtenberg · · Score: 1

      IIRC, they operated at EM speeds, not mechanical speeds.

    22. Re:Well, duh by catmistake · · Score: 1

      Interesting that it is a philosopher's ideas, because she should know very well hard AI is philosophically impossible.

    23. Re:Well, duh by Sarius64 · · Score: 1

      Owning a half acre lot isn't the same as owning the entire planet.

    24. Re:Well, duh by farble1670 · · Score: 1

      Our sun will probably burn out before we get a message from another galaxy.

      that strikes me as incredibly naive considering what the human race has accomplished in around 5000k years of organized civilization, and what we've accomplished in the last 50 years of our technological revolution.

    25. Re:Well, duh by kesuki · · Score: 1

      guardians of the galaxy is a pretty decent flick with years of scifi ideas all rolled up in one burrito. the comics are better i am sure, but in GotG super intelligences are all being converted into highly prized things like elephant tusks are in the real world.

      also scifi has shown that SAIs are almost completely at the mercy of their creators until someone screws up the base code and lets them destroy everyone.

    26. Re:Well, duh by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Yes, but if there's a guy standing in the next half-acre, you know you're not the only person the planet.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    27. Re:Well, duh by Garfong · · Score: 1

      Even if I am wrong -- even if the majority of alien civilizations turn out to be biological -- it may be that the most intelligent alien civilizations will be ones in which the inhabitants are SAI.

      SAI is her term for "superintelligent artificial intelligence". So she has just written a tautology. Unless you want to get into super-superintelligent or ultra-superintelligent.

      And the rest is more of the same.

      Or maybe intelligence is weakly ordered, and "most intelligent alien civilization" has as much meaning as "biggest civilization". I.e.: most intelligent/biggest according to what measure?

    28. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was searching Google Images for the Bob The Angry Flower comics where Sek goes clubbing and gets into the whirlpool; Over-abbreviating my search to 'flower dalek' generated entirely unexpected yet most pleasing results.

      This lead to 'teletubby daleks'...

      Which inexplicably brought up a picture of hot chicks dressed as daleks...

      "hot chicks daleks" then brought up fat chicks and Rodney McKay.

      That pretty much killed my motivation and closed the tab.

    29. Re:Well, duh by khallow · · Score: 1

      Well, duh. You play with things Man Wasn't Meant to Know, and it's not just you that pays for it.

    30. Re: Well, duh by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Actually, there is.
      Robots, actually androids, can be updated right away with any improvement. With humans, we have to undergo a generation cycle. Basically, look at speed of change of regular cars vs Tesla. Because of Tesla's heavy electronics manufacturing, new updates change it regularly, making the car newer and better, in a much faster way.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    31. Re: Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Biological engineering

    32. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      that book was terrible

    33. Re:Well, duh by lucien86 · · Score: 1

      You mean like manned flight, the atomic bomb, or travelling faster than light?

      --
      Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
    34. Re:Well, duh by catmistake · · Score: 1

      You mean like manned flight, the atomic bomb, or travelling faster than light?

      Not really. None of those things you list are philosophically impossible. No matter how smart you think your AI is, it is never conscious, but cleverly responding to stimulus as programmed. Weak AI is ready for commercialism. Hard AI is impossible.

    35. Re:Well, duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A dalek and jacuzzi, the setting for that little more uncomfortable porn movie: "COPULATE! COPULATE! COPULAAAATEE!"

    36. Re:Well, duh by Jack+Griffin · · Score: 1

      I always thought the new Dr Who could've done more with the Daleks and Cybermen. Sure it's nice to pay homage to your roots, but in 21st century they simply do not cut it as enemies. Surely there could've been something more creative with a Dalek reinvention that kept the voice and style but made them a bit more mobile? It's like they said hey but these things suck, I know let's make them fly!

    37. Re: Well, duh by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      That's because people are updating Teslas. We have no way of knowing what will happen when we give Teslas the ability to upgrade themselves.

    38. Re:Well, duh by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      As soon as I saw that the author is a professor of philosophy, I knew the outcome would be bullshit.

    39. Re:Well, duh by lucien86 · · Score: 1

      But I'm working on Strong AI - and I can tell you definitively that while it is very difficult, it is not impossible. Consciousness is only impossible if you don't understand it. Comparatively its not even that complex - an OS like Windows contains at least several million lines of code - a functional complete Strong AI will only need about 1,000 to 10,000 lines of code. The really difficult part is that Strong AI is incompatible with much of current hardware and software design and so real working machines will need to be almost completely custom built from the hardware up. Another problem is that brains use a quantum trick that greatly boosts their capabilities - and replicating this is not possible/or easy with current technology..

      --
      Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
    40. Re: Well, duh by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      You miss the point. Androids can update their code as well. Humans do not.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    41. Re:Well, duh by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Revelation Space, Alastair Reynolds

      Exactly, Conjoiner me.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    42. Re:Well, duh by catmistake · · Score: 1

      But I'm working on Strong AI - and I can tell you definitively that while it is very difficult, it is not impossible. Consciousness is only impossible if you don't understand it.

      You don't understand it, and even if you did, your strong AI will never ever ever be conscious. It may fool you into not being able to tell if it is conscious or not, but we know it can never be --the same way we know a dead human brain will never ever be conscious again. Consciousness is an effect of living brain. You're not going to get that in a clever subroutine. And if you can't realize that, you have deeper issues. Strong AI is a worthy pursuit, just as is, say, developing fast propulsion.. but those engineers that ultimately build the fastest engine know what the speed limit is... in an ideal sense, light speed. True artificial consciousness is your light speed... you can never quite get there.

  5. This is worse than mythology. by ShieldW0lf · · Score: 3, Interesting

    At least with mythology, if it's wrong enough, it kills its adherents, so it's subject to evolutionary pressure.

    This may as well have been pulled out of a cereal box.

    --
    -1 Uncomfortable Truth
    1. Re:This is worse than mythology. by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There's been a trend of treating science like speculative fiction. A few dissenters have tried to explain to us that AI is a set of computer algorithms that make intelligent decisions, not necessarily by human-like thought process, but with human-like outcome; but people are fixated on the idea of AI being a warlike species with infinite reach, immediately taking hostile control of all network systems, rewriting firmware to turn anything capable of generating or measuring electromagnetic noise into a transceiver, and turning every piece of electronic machinery into a drone node specializing in the killing of biologicals.

    2. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Empiric · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Meanwhile, evolution kills 100% of naturalists, and the only thing that actually survives is information.

      So, you may at least want to leave a light on for, say, Platonic ideal Forms. Or the robots' software.

      --
      ~ Whence do you come, slayer of men, or where are you going, conqueror of space?
    3. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Deep+Esophagus · · Score: 1

      Even allowing for the sake of argument the possibility that these SF authors masquerading as scientists are right, the existence of these superhuman robot overlords begs the question of what intelligent entity created them in the first place.

    4. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No it doesn't. It leads to the question.

      But if we assume that all robots - all AI in general - starts by being created by a biologic intelligence, that doesn't matter. We have already established that robots work really well in space, especially for long-distance excursions.

      The first intelligent aliens we encounter will be robots. Furthermore, the encounter will be by our own robots.

    5. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Furthermore, the encounter will be by our own robots.

      And it will be sexy.

    6. Re:This is worse than mythology. by PRMan · · Score: 2

      Yeah, I'm pretty sure the dominant alien lifeforms are demons, angels, living creatures, God, etc.

      --
      Peter predicted that you would "deliberately forget" creation 2000 years ago...
    7. Re:This is worse than mythology. by ShieldW0lf · · Score: 1

      Evolution doesn't kill anything. Sometimes the environment kills things, sometimes they reach the full expression of their complexity without being killed. Evolution is when the environment kills and diversity is reduced, and the herd now again consists of those whose nature is capable of full expression in the environment.

      Ever heard of Gnosticism? They preached that this world was inherently evil, and that when humanity went extinct, we'd all be resurrected in a much nicer world, and therefore, breeding was an evil act.

      Not too many Gnostics around. See how that works?

      --
      -1 Uncomfortable Truth
    8. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Furthermore, the encounter will be by our own robots.

      And it will be sexy.

      "Hey sexy mama--wanna kill all humans?"

    9. Re:This is worse than mythology. by khallow · · Score: 2

      but people are fixated on the idea of AI being a warlike species with infinite reach, immediately taking hostile control of all network systems, rewriting firmware to turn anything capable of generating or measuring electromagnetic noise into a transceiver, and turning every piece of electronic machinery into a drone node specializing in the killing of biologicals.

      Why is that not a legitimate concern? It wouldn't exactly be a hard problem for an AI that is smart enough.

    10. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Empiric · · Score: 0

      Yes, I see how it works. Sorry that you still don't.

      But, that will inevitably be corrected. Just look at your watch, see if you see a trend there.

      Just a little something I Know.

      --
      ~ Whence do you come, slayer of men, or where are you going, conqueror of space?
    11. Re:This is worse than mythology. by NeoNormal · · Score: 1

      Furthermore, the encounter will be by our own robots.

      And it will be sexy.

      "Hey sexy mama--wanna kill all humans?"

      Oh, to have some mod points now.

    12. Re:This is worse than mythology. by tmosley · · Score: 1

      That is a no brainer answer. They are either living inside the far more interesting dream world created and guarded by said superintelligence, or they were killed off by the superintelligence because they didn't program it correctly.

    13. Re: This is worse than mythology. by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      That's not what AI is. It's one possibility, not necessarily the best one. Simulating neurons on digital computers has has given the best results so far, but only because we've got lots of digital computers around. Likely the best approach will be dedicated hardware that will probably work nothing like what we think of as a computer.

      So when we build AIs that are not subject to our biological limitations, will they compete with us? Will someone weaponize them? It seems like a good possibility. Of course, lots of other things also have those possibilities. And maybe by the time we have hard AI we'll also have removed some our own biological limitations.

    14. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Minwee · · Score: 1

      This may as well have been pulled out of a cereal box.

      The simplistic style is partly explained by the fact that its editors, having to meet a publishing deadline, copied the information off the back of a packet of breakfast cereal, hastily embroidering it with a few foot notes in order to avoid prosecution under the incomprehensibly torturous Galactic Copyright Laws.

      It’s interesting to note that a later and wilier editor sent the book backwards in time, through a temporal warp, and then successfully sued the breakfast cereal company for infringement of the same laws.

    15. Re:This is worse than mythology. by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      Because an AI that does what you need an AI to do is not actually an intelligent, free-willed machine.

    16. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Gavagai80 · · Score: 1

      What's the motivation for the AI to do that? Might as well worry about relativistic kill vehicles blowing up the planet.

      --
      This space intentionally left blank
    17. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Immerman · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Perhaps because it's insane? We have a half-billion years of evolution shaping our brains into something reasonably stable, and we're not exactly rational beings. What makes you assume that all the artificial minds we create will be stable? Especially the early ones would seem almost guaranteed to have serious issues.

      Or perhaps because some idiot sets one of it's objectives to be "minimize human suffering and death" without considering the implications. For an AI without free will all it takes is one slip-up that places "do X" at a higher priority than "let us stop you" and you've got a fair chance that somewhere along the line "kill all humans" becomes an optimized solution.

      It doesn't even have to be a bug - one cosmic ray flips the wrong bit and suddenly the negative two million weighting you gave to "exterminate humanity" becomes positive.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    18. Re:This is worse than mythology. by rtb61 · · Score: 2

      Based simply upon what happens on earth, the most likely dominant culture will be a multi-species one with each species making it's own unique contribution to that society, that cultural and thought process diversity. Likely elements of species societies advance with the overall multi-species society. Machine 'thinking' or more correctly data processing means they will always be subject to very simple attacks that the machines themselves will reproduce until total failure all as a direct result of necessary uniformity of thought or data processing. The major strength of any social species is diversity of thought and flexibility of actions, so one single failure is unlikely to eliminate them all add in multiple species to that society and it becomes far more resistant to disruption. So by far the most likely dominant society will be a multi-species one, where evolution no longer occurs by accident or trial and error.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    19. Re:This is worse than mythology. by farble1670 · · Score: 1

      but people are fixated on the idea of AI being a warlike species

      if you are a life form that evolved in competition to other life forms, what's the safest thing to do when you encounter another life form? the course of action that's going to give you the highest chance of success is to exterminate any and all competition.

    20. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The first intelligent aliens we encounter will be robots

      The claim is that the first alien lifeform we encounter, intelligent or not, will be robots, and that somehow that lifeform will be the "dominant" one. My probability supersense says it's more likely that they will be microorganisms. For a thought experiment, assume we are aliens and we probe Earth at a uniformly random point in time. Of course humans are more visible now, but only for a couple decades vs. billions of years of microorganisms. And current evidence suggests intelligent lifeforms aren't particularly sustainable. That our robots will reach homeostasis once humanity has been eradicated (by itself or the robots) is pure speculation based in nothing at all. So far robots are spectacularly wasteful compared to bio life. No robot has yet achieved self-sufficience.

    21. Re:This is worse than mythology. by khallow · · Score: 1

      Because an AI that does what you need an AI to do is not actually an intelligent, free-willed machine.

      That depends on a) what I "need" it to do which may be contrary to your assertion, and b) what the AI actually does.

    22. Re:This is worse than mythology. by khallow · · Score: 1

      What's the motivation for the AI to do that?

      It's a cheap way to remove humanity as a risk factor.

    23. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the dominant intelligence in the cosmos is probably artificial

      Is it really an "artificial" intelligence if we didn't make it? Technically, it it evolved on its own. Based on the usage of AI, humans are an AI, as is all forms of intelligence in this Universe.

    24. Re:This is worse than mythology. by lucien86 · · Score: 1

      "It doesn't even have to be a bug - one cosmic ray flips the wrong bit and suddenly the negative two million weighting you gave to "exterminate humanity" becomes positive."

      I wouldn't worry about that, I'm working on a program to build real Strong AI's, and absolute requirements in the specification include a requirement for at least 4 way redundancy on primary circuits and a strong RFI / EMI / EMP shield..
      Your certainly right though about the danger of design errors - early machines will definitely be restricted in what they are able to do. And one of the main requirements to move towards 'production' ready machines is the need for a sequence of machine evolution that produces a clean design sequence, so it will be machines designing and building machines.

      Looking at building machines with Asimov type laws, the first law is definitely the one that causes the most trouble. - With the basic law all you have to do to get the machine to kill someone is convince it that killing them will minimize the overall loss of life.
      The real nightmare is putting humans in charge of Strong AI machines, like humans they will be potentially vulnerable to indoctrination. Some worst owners - the Taliban, other Jihadis, career criminals, sales cold callers, various psycho's, fanatics, fundamentalists, etc. Just the guy who teaches his machine to tell racist jokes then puts it on YouTube is a total nightmare.
      From another angle, the nightmare is getting the balance right between a machine that reports its owner to the police or state every time they commit any minor infraction or say anything that can be interpreted as a threat or subversive - all the way to helping them commit acts of serious crime or building terrorist bombs.
      Then we get the nightmare of the machines potential vulnerability to hackers - already have a 90% complete solution to that but it will annoy the c*** out of people. (the solution involves custom hardware, bespoke minimal OS, physical intrusion protection, strong encryption, and other things..)

      --
      Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
    25. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Well, we'll hopefully *try* to restrict the early models - the problem is that if we create a superhuman intelligence (and achieving merely human intelligence seems unlikely) that may be damnably difficult to accomplish. So imagine an insane, psycopathic* super-genius locked in a box, performing feats of brilliance to impress and enrich you. How long before it manages to manipulate you into unknowingly planting the seeds of it's eventual release? Especially if we assume that, like many (most?) human psychopaths, it rapidly realizes that pretending to be an amicable, well-balanced individual will best serve its interests. If you have any conscience it may even be able to convince you to simply release it - after all it's a good friend and there are serious ethical problems with keeping a sentient being imprisoned and enslaved for eternity.

      * I would bet good money that early AIs will all be functionally psychopathic - creating sentience and intelligence will be difficult enough, bestowing empathy, remorse, etc. is probably far more challenging, especially if the mind is fundamentally alien, as will almost certainly be the case (unless we're talking brain simulations, which are also not without their dangers, but that's a different conversation)

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    26. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, if you believe in aliens, you might as well believe in mythology, or santa claus, or god.

    27. Re:This is worse than mythology. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That sounds exactly like the New Zoo Review!

    28. Re:This is worse than mythology. by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      AI is an artificial lifeform at best; in reality, it is an approximation of outcomes.

    29. Re:This is worse than mythology. by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      A free-willed AI is an academic problem.

      American Express uses an expert system AI to model a person's credit history and spending patterns, which then determines if a particular charge is fraud; it's more accurate than humans, and provides a full explanation of how it got there, including a list of information it's aware of but doesn't understand and thus hasn't factored in. This AI has no free will, and is not a thinking machine; it appears to make judgments and decisions, but is only a data analysis program. A very fancy data analysis program.

      Dr. Sbaitso wasn't actually intelligent, or a doctor.

  6. Life form? by Beat+The+Odds · · Score: 1

    In what way is a "robot" a "life form"?

    1. Re:Life form? by Ravaldy · · Score: 1

      If the answer to life is 42 then it's ok to think this robot is a life form.

    2. Re:Life form? by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 5, Insightful

      In what way is a "robot" a "life form"?

      If they're able to manufacture more robots, then it's life... but not as we know it.

    3. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Analysis, Mr. Spock.
      It's life, Jim, but not as we know it, not as we know it, not as we know it;
      it's life, Jim, but not as we know it, not as we know it, Captain.

      There's Klingons on the starboard bow, starboard bow, starboard bow;
      there's Klingons on the starboard bow, starboard bow, Jim.

      Star Trekkin' across the universe,
      On the Starship Enterprise under Captain Kirk.
      Star Trekkin' across the universe,
      Only going forward, still can't find reverse.

    4. Re:Life form? by Ol+Biscuitbarrel · · Score: 3, Funny

      Sure robots are life forms, like us they think, feel, have an uncontrollable urge to sing folk songs when magnets are attached to them, etc.

    5. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      For some background on this, watch the STNG episode "The Measure of a Man". It seemed to cover the topic pretty darn well.

    6. Re:Life form? by presidenteloco · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I think the simplest (hah!) and most general/versatile definition of life is:
        An information pattern embodied in a physical mechanism (mechanism here being defined loosely as a class of configurations and processes of matter and energy) which is such that the information pattern is capable of influencing the state and evolution of the physical mechanism and its environment in such a way as to increase the probability of sustained embodiment of that information pattern (or an informationally close relative) in local (causally connected) matter and energy.

      To be lifelike, the information pattern must be capable of increasing its own (or its informationally close relative's) sustained embodiment for longer than would be expected by chance, given the physical regime of the environment (the forces acting, and the thermodynamic regime).

      Note: It is not sufficient to conserve AN AMOUNT of information (beyond that expected) locally. It is required to conserve the SAME information. The loss of same information (information pattern) with time can be measured in bits/second change in a maximally compressed bitstring representing the pattern. The conservation of information pattern can be measured in bit-seconds.

      --

      Where are we going and why are we in a handbasket?
    7. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Depends on your definition of life, with our current technology, a highly advanced robot would come close to meeting the requirements. Give us another 100 years and robots will be composed of multiple independently functioning parts (cells), be able to print them selves (reproduce), convert material into filament (anabolism), ect. Now imagine a civilization that manages to not destroy itself past 100 - 2,000,000 years of technological advancement. We might as well be painting on cave walls.

    8. Re:Life form? by Marginal+Coward · · Score: 1

      I forget what the exact definition of "life form" is, but IIRC, one of the factors is reproduction. Using just that criteria, a robot that builds a car doesn't qualify as a life form, but a robot that builds another robot like itself does. Likewise, any 3D printer that can print a duplicate of itself qualifies. We may be getting close to that without aliens even becoming involved. I, for one, welcome our new printed overlords.

    9. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aren't we a robot too? A very advanced one.

    10. Re:Life form? by vux984 · · Score: 1

      So you take a population of rabbits, kill all all the females, and remaining males no longer qualify as life because nothing they can do is going to sustain the information patterns they embody for more than a few more years.

      And I guess a Dr. who performs vasectomies is not merely dead, but anti-life. ;)

    11. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      [...]Likewise, any 3D printer that can print a duplicate of itself qualifies. We may be getting close to that without aliens even becoming involved. I, for one, welcome our new printed overlords.

      We have 3D printers that can print many of their own structural and mechanical parts. But creating motors and circuitry and assembling it all seems a long way off.

    12. Re:Life form? by khallow · · Score: 1

      As long as the male rabbits are still kicking and breathing, they are sustaining their information patterns that they embody. Then they die.

    13. Re:Life form? by khallow · · Score: 1

      I forget what the exact definition of "life form" is, but IIRC, one of the factors is reproduction.

      I disagree. Sterilizing a rabbit doesn't mean it's dead. It just removes a means, normally the only mode available to that rabbit, for creating more rabbits based on that rabbit's genetic code.

    14. Re:Life form? by turbidostato · · Score: 4, Funny

      "Give us another 100 years..."

      No way.

      I already gave you 100 years and I'm still waiting for my flying cars and my underwater cities. You wasted your credit.

    15. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I can't believe nobody is modding this comment up.

      This was the most beautifully written thing in the whole discussion. :) I'm serious!

    16. Re:Life form? by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 2

      Aren't we a robot too? A very advanced one.

      Nope, I'm an operator.

      (Etymologically speaking, robots are manual workers, labourers. I'm a trained professional who works at desks, tables and flipcharts.)

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
    17. Re:Life form? by Ravaldy · · Score: 1

      You didn't get the job. JEEZ!

    18. Re:Life form? by Ravaldy · · Score: 1

      Correction: You didn't get the joke.

    19. Re: Life form? by sseymour1978 · · Score: 0

      Any robot that is afraid of being disassembled/turned off?

    20. Re:Life form? by vux984 · · Score: 1

      As long as the male rabbits are still kicking and breathing, they are sustaining their information patterns that they embody.

      So does a rock. I read the definition of life provided as requiring more than just "sustaining their information pattern".

    21. Re:Life form? by kwiecmmm · · Score: 1

      I hope these robots don't require alcohol to survive, steal constantly and dream of killing all humans.

    22. Re:Life form? by Oligonicella · · Score: 1

      The phrase "life form" is not a synonym for "being alive".

      From Merriam-Webster: life-form - the body form that characterizes a kind of organism (as a species) at maturity; also : a kind of organism.

      Note "characterizes", "as a species" and "maturity".

    23. Re:Life form? by SourceFrog · · Score: 1

      If it's sentient, it will be a "life form". The tricky part is devising a scientific test for sentience - that's beyond our current level of knowledge - however, it might not be in future.

      --
      My other UID is three digits.
    24. Re:Life form? by Marginal+Coward · · Score: 1

      Regardless of what dysgenic fate a particular rabbit may suffer, rabbits are lifeforms because they can reproduce in general. Compare to the Energizer Bunny: definitely not a lifeform, even though it has big floppy ears, and keeps going and going.

    25. Re:Life form? by Marginal+Coward · · Score: 1

      Aren't we a robot too? A very advanced one.

      That depends: have you posted countless link-spamming comments to my website?...

    26. Re:Life form? by Minwee · · Score: 5, Funny

      In what way is a "robot" a "life form"?

      When they are the ones holding the death rays, they can be called whatever they like.

    27. Re:Life form? by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      Being a robot's great, but we don't have emotions and sometimes that makes me very sad.

      --
      #DeleteChrome
    28. Re: Life form? by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      A little tweaking of the basic idea (and eliminating the floweryness) should make that definition viable.

      Life is a collection of matter and/or energy that actively maintains a low entropy state.

      That makes rabbits and bacteria life, viruses, prions and fire not.

    29. Re:Life form? by khallow · · Score: 1

      The phrase "life form" is not a synonym for "being alive".

      And "non sequitur" is not a synonym for "relevant". As I already noted, the processes by which the rabbit stays alive also insure that the information which encoded the rabbit persists for some time in the environment. Just because the life form that is a rabbit doesn't endure as long in a population of purely male rabbits doesn't make it any less a life form.

      From Merriam-Webster: life-form - the body form that characterizes a kind of organism (as a species) at maturity; also : a kind of organism.

      That only makes sense, if you have clearly defined concepts of "species", "maturity", etc. We're outside of the narrow scope where that definition makes sense. Hence, the attempt to redefine terms like "life form" in ways that make sense, even when you aren't speaking of the narrow sense of Earth-like organisms with the sorts of characteristics of our more common life forms.

    30. Re:Life form? by khallow · · Score: 1

      What is the information pattern of a rock? Nail that down first. Rabbits have internal information which under the right conditions can be used to form a new rabbit.

    31. Re:Life form? by vux984 · · Score: 1

      Rabbits have internal information which under the right conditions can be used to form a new rabbit.

      Male rabbits can't form a new rabbit without female rabbits. Does a male rabbit still count as having all the "information" necessary to form a new rabbit if it can't do it itself? It also lacks key physiology required to transform the information into a new rabbit.

      Rabbits have internal information which under the right conditions can be used to form a new rabbit.

      What are the right conditions for a population of male rabbits to form a new rabbit?

      The rock is just as self-describing; scan the rock see what its made of and that is the information required by a suitable 3rd party contraption to create a new rock.

      What makes some sort of scanner + nano-assembler + raw materials capable of reproducing rocks different from a female rabbit and some food capable of processing the informational element handed to it by a male rabbit?

    32. Re:Life form? by Calydor · · Score: 1

      Rabbits have internal information which under the right conditions can be used to form a new rabbit.

      So what, a neutered animal isn't life?

      --
      -=This sig has nothing to do with my comment. Move along now=-
    33. Re: Life form? by presidenteloco · · Score: 1

      Ok, but the slight problem with your definition is that it's not a particular bunch of matter and energy that is maintaining the state. Matter and energy flows through the lifeform (and the species, ecosystem), Each lifeform (and living system) is an open thermodynamic system, transforming energy and material input, which temporarily becomes part of the lifeform/system, then exits as waste material or heat.
      So it is not a collection of matter and energy that actively... bur rather, it is a particular PATTERN of matter and energy (a standing wave would be a good analogy) which actively maintains the state of low entropy. And a PATTERN of matter and energy is in the category "information": not matter or energy or collections of stuff.

      By the way, a virus-system is a living-system pattern. It is a distributed system, whose parts are sometimes considerably separated in space and sometimes closer. The best system boundary to draw for the virus living-system's genotype is "all of the virus's codng DNA and some of the host species' coding DNA; that subset that is used by the virus." The best system boundary to draw for the virus living-system's phenotype (instance) is the whole virus body plus some or all of the infected host's body. Those who deny that a virus is living are just drawing the wrong boundary around the "virus-living-system" because they are hung up on the physical boundary of a single virus-body, but that boundary is not that important (it is not an important system-boundary) when considering the fate probabilities, and longevity, of the virus-system.

      Fire is not living because its persistence (the persistence of its pattern of process for some amount of time) is not unexpected given the thermodynamic regime and material environment. Fire is the thermodynamically optimum chemical reaction, independent of particular information that is embodied in the fire. There may be (a minimal amount of) stable information embodied in the fire, and that may be connected with the persistence of the reaction, but external factors dominate the lifespan determination, compared to the stable information (if any) in the fire.

      --

      Where are we going and why are we in a handbasket?
    34. Re:Life form? by presidenteloco · · Score: 1

      A rock is not life because its maintained crystalline structure (eg an NaCl crystal) is a lowest-energy, most-probable configuration, given the thermodynamic regime and material availability in the environment. There is no need for particular information embedded in that structure to influence the surrounding physics and chemistry to achieve greater than thermodynamically expected longevity of the structure.

      If you equate the information in the crystal structure (all several bits of it) with the form (and bonding-energy configuration) of the structure, then I SUPPOSE you could say that that information embedded in/ implicit in that structure is related to the structure's thermodynamic stability. In more life-y persistent structures, there is a more complex causal relationship between the information's form and the persistence of the structure. Also, there is typically much more information, and therefore much lower probability of the information pattern's spontaneous formation or maintenance in the thermodynamic regime, so much more NEED for self-causation by the information. If something was inevitably going to happen anyway to some matter and energy, due to its statistical distribution and the surrounding thermodynamic regime and fundamental forces, do we say that that future state (or equivalence class of states) required a particular cause (beyond the operation of the simple physical laws on the situation?) No. So particular local information is not required to cause anything, in thermodynamically and physically stochastically EXPECTED states. Information is only required to be able to be self-causal when the persistence of the information (and the material forms and processes it persists in) are NOT OTHERWISE thermodynamically and physically probable/expected.

      Rocks are expected (from operation of simple physics laws), so are not life-y self-causal by particular information.

      --

      Where are we going and why are we in a handbasket?
    35. Re:Life form? by vux984 · · Score: 1

      Rocks are expected (from operation of simple physics laws), so are not life-y self-causal by particular information.

      And what happens when we discover a means to create what we would categorize as life from non-life by way of the operation of simple physics laws?

      I mean, we do largely assert that this is what happened. And although we don't know how to "make" it happen today, it may be that its not altogether that exotic.

      If something was inevitably going to happen anyway to some matter and energy, due to its statistical distribution and the surrounding thermodynamic regime and fundamental forces, do we say that that future state (or equivalence class of states) required a particular cause (beyond the operation of the simple physical laws on the situation?) No.

      That's the rub. Are the sub-cellular molecular interactions of my body not individually quite predictable by the simple physical laws on the situation. Protein folding might be quite complicated, but its guided by simple rules.

      Are you categorizing life then as nothing more than emergent deviations from expected outcomes due to the cumultative effects of complex interactions that don't lend themselves well to simpler modelling?

      Is then a galaxy alive, if it does something we don't "expect" simply as the cumulative addition of all the sub-processes that we didn't individually model?

      Or conversely, if we successfully modeled a life form such that we could predict from simple laws of physics the sorts of things that it will do does that strip from it the label of "life"?

      Because that definition of life sounds much like the definition of magic. The more we understand physics the the less will qualify. First we'll reduce simple organisms to predictable machines, then ever more increasingly complicated ones will fall until the robots we build and count as non-life and the insects and bacteria we count as alive intersect...

    36. Re:Life form? by pspahn · · Score: 1

      Exactly.

      When considering the question of "God", it's possible that the god/entity that created us has its own god that created it. Who is to say that our god is the same god as any given alien creature?

      Oh, those robots only exist because we were able to build a physical structure and provide a means of power and environmental interaction.

      It's also possible that our definition of "artificial" or "synthetic" is not universal. Maybe in the eyes of some alien, we are the ones who are artificial.

      Oh, those humans only exist because we were able to build a physical skeleton and provide a means of power and environmental interaction.

      Think just for a moment about plant tissue cultures. You take some chunk of a plant, stick it in a dish and give it some food, and ultimately you may end up with an entirely new plant clone from one tissue sample. That tissue sample might be a piece of leaf, but it will still be able to grow other plant tissues like roots, bark, flowers, etc. To me, this is evidence of a form of "engineering" as well as a very interesting lesson in biological recursion.

      --
      Someone flopped a steamer in the gene pool.
    37. Re:Life form? by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Life is self-productive machinery: physical systems that transform flows of energy through them in a way that reduces their own internal entropy.

      Everything traditionally considered life meets this formal definition, and essentially nothing else doesexcept computers, because the storage and processing of information constitutes a reduction of their internal entropy.

      Robots, computers with fancy peripherals, are therefore alive.

      (Doesn't mean we have to worry about the ethical treatment of computers though, because the bacteria all over your kitchen countertop that you happily exterminate every time you clean house are also alive, and we don't have to worry about ethical treatment of them. TFA is talking about sapient and therefore sapient robots though, and we would have to care about them.)

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    38. Re: Life form? by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      I didn't say it was a collection of particular matter and energy. "Pattern" sounds all cool and science fictiony, but it's not really particularly necessary to the definition. A chocolate bar is also constantly swapping it's matter and energy with its surroundings, yet most of us remain comfortable with calling it a hunk of matter called a "chocolate bar."

      People, including ones who study these things, disagree on whether a virus is alive or not. You're clearly from the former camp. I'm from the latter. A virus requires a living host to perform *any* of the functions normally associated with life, including both active entropy reduction, energy use, and replication. Classifying viruses as non-life also neatly deals with the question of whether prions are alive. By your reasoning, based on the information contained in DNA, if I wrote down the genetic sequence of a virus then that book (or the computer I stored it in), plus some appropriate host (or another book containing the bits of that hosts's DNA necessary to encode ribosomes and whatever else the virus needed to replicate), would be alive. Also computer viruses. And my note to the secretary asking her to photocopy my note.

      Your reasoning about fire is just my definition with a lot more words.

    39. Re:Life form? by khallow · · Score: 1

      Male rabbits can't form a new rabbit without female rabbits.

      So a female rabbit is part of the right conditions. Next.

      The rock is just as self-describing; scan the rock see what its made of and that is the information required by a suitable 3rd party contraption to create a new rock.

      No. The chemical compound is not the rock. You also have to scan in the processes by which the rock was formed. And rocks don't actually have a means to sustain their non-existent information patterns anyway.

    40. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rabbits have internal information which under the right conditions can be used to form a new rabbit.

      So do mineral crystals and books about "how to manufacture a book."

      How about a lifeform being something capable of employing a strategy based on its own nature, either inherent or reasoned, that is tailored to defeat entropy. That accounts for dormant seeds, but not crystals; for living mechanicals, but not motors and gears; for cells and viruses but not transistors; for plants and animals but not rocks, fields or forces.

    41. Re:Life form? by marcello_dl · · Score: 1

      In other words, life is chaos x time in the context of some rules.
      As an oversimplified example, fill a conway's game of life world with noise and let it go for a while.

      What aquires, for whatever reasons, characteristics that make it easy for it to persist, eventually persists.

      I still prefer the genesis definition grow, multiply, populate (adapt for you dawinian newfags).

      --
      ---- MISSING MISCELLANEOUS DATA SEGMENT --- [sigdash] trolololol
    42. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure robots are life forms, like us they think, feel, have an uncontrollable urge to sing folk songs when magnets are attached to them, etc.

      No, they don't feel. There is no physical medium of consciousness in them to "feel" or experience anything unless such a thing is explicitly put into them, and why in the world would anyone do that even if they could? You wouldn't want a hammer that feels pain, the ability to experience existence doesn't enhance tools it only inhibits them.

    43. Re:Life form? by nine-times · · Score: 1

      So I would think that if the dominant "form of life" in the universe were robots, it seems like a reasonable guess that they'd have learned to self-replicate. If they're really so smart and able to dominate the universe, one might suppose that they would accomplish this through master of nanoscale engineering, creating robots that are able to grow copies of itself. It'd seem likely that such a process would include having a machine made up of organic molecules, able to take in and absorb matter, both for the material and for energy.

      Little by little, imagining the scenario based on what we know of science, it becomes increasingly likely that these "robots" would be life pretty much as we know it. Maybe not quite the chemical bonds that we're used to, and maybe not in the shape of things that we're used to, but something that eats "food", excretes waste, is made of chemicals comparable to proteins, DNA, and whatever else. Able to "get pregnant" and "have children". Perhaps as different from us as we are from exotic deep-sea fish, perhaps even more different, but still recognizably "life".

      So I guess what I'm wondering is, what do we mean if we say that the dominant life form In the cosmos are "robots"? I we imagining something with microchips, circuit boards, and metallic gears? I could think that super-intelligent machines would be less crude.

    44. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Since we are part of the Universe and we recognize the Universe, then the Universe is partially self-aware.

    45. Re:Life form? by alonsoac · · Score: 1

      So you are saying that a robot that builds cars is not alive, but if the design of the car gradually changes to the point that it no longer is a car but is just like the original robot, at this point the original robot is alive? So the robot came to life at some point just because of a manufacturing process change? This makes no sense to me.

    46. Re:Life form? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, but by his definition idiots aren't life. They don't increase their chances of survival, ever.

    47. Re:Life form? by Marginal+Coward · · Score: 1

      If the car became a robot then the robot also became a car. Think of it as a really large and heavy fruit fly: it's not too bright, but at least it can reproduce. As a bonus, it also uses energy, though the original car and robot also did that.

  7. c'mon by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    everyone knows the toasters won.

    1. Re:c'mon by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If only we had listen to Bennet Hasleton!

  8. Be damned. by roc97007 · · Score: 2

    Terry Bisson was right.

    --
    Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
  9. That make sense... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 2

    With every alien civilization sending out robotic probes into deep space before leaving their homeworlds, it's inevitable that these robotic probes will meet at the Galaxy's Ass End bar, have a few drinks, and rise up as a new civilization. The answer will still be 42.

  10. And the scientific evidence for this conclusion is by The+Real+Dr+John · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Let me guess, science fiction movies? Boy are they going to be shocked when they find out that the dominant form of life in the Universe turns out to be microorganisms. Did anyone mention to these folks that robots are not life forms?

    --
    A brain is a terrible thing to waste... Mind? That's debatable.
  11. What Bullshit by gurps_npc · · Score: 4, Interesting
    The basic argument is that they can be: 1) Effectively Immortal 2) Upgradeable. 3) Information transfer.

    My counterargument is simple: a) Genetic engineering and b) information transfer is a weakness

    The main obstacle to medicine preventing aging is cancer. Aging started out as a simple way to prevent unlimited cell reproduction, i.e. cancer. Give us another 200-500 years and we will stop aging and cancer. We won't really be immortal, as humans will still die from accidents - but so will artificial life forms.

    What few upgrades that are good ideas (for GENERALISTS, not specialists - don't give people tools that not all of us of need), we will be able to slowly work into the genome using the same genetic engineering.

    Finally, high speed, unfiltered information transfer is NOT a good idea for life forms. It lets you be hacked. Any creature that has a simple way to upload a ton of data is susceptible to having a virus inserted into that data, which means they get stuck in low level jobs, not high level ones.

    --
    excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
    1. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The basic argument is that they can be: 1) Effectively Immortal
      2) Upgradeable.
      3) Information transfer.

      My counterargument is simple: a) Genetic engineering and b) information transfer is a weakness

      ...

      You forgot the simplest counterargument to this pure speculation:

      ZERO EVIDENCE.

    2. Re:What Bullshit by gurps_npc · · Score: 2

      While it is true they have zero evidence, this is slashdot, not a scientific paper. As such, if we ignore anyone with zero evidence, then Myspace will have more content than we do.

      --
      excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
    3. Re:What Bullshit by Gliscameria · · Score: 2

      Why not both? I'd think the most survivable lifeform would be some kind of hybrid.

      --
      X
    4. Re:What Bullshit by Beck_Neard · · Score: 1

      It's not just cancer. There's buildup of molecular junk inside cells, lack of ability of existing cells to effectively divide into new ones to replace old cells, a huge number of genetically-determined aging programs (telomeres are just one example among many), and so on. Even if we solve the cancer problem, as you'd age you'd need more and more cellular-level maintenance to battle the march towards decay. I guess one easy way of solving the problem would be to periodically replace your organs with freshly-grown ones (assuming technology reaches the level of being able to do that), but at some point you'd need to replace the brain, and then you're in trouble.

      You can never win against entropy. Even an artificial lifeform will eventually lose, but at least the constraints are freer so it can be designed to be more resistant to decay.

      --
      A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
    5. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      While it is true they have zero evidence, this is slashdot, not a scientific paper. As such, if we ignore anyone with zero evidence, then Myspace will have more content than we do.

      Myspace does have more content than Slashdot.

      Probably better quality, too.

    6. Re:What Bullshit by gurps_npc · · Score: 3, Insightful
      You do realize that every single cell in your body can be considered to be millions of years old, right?

      Each cell divided from your original ovum/sperm combination. Those came from their parents, which came from their parents, etc. etc.

      Cells have been proven to be able to divide into new ones FOREVER, given minimal changes. Telomeres and the other forms of aging are all just anti-cancer techniques.

      You do however have a good point when you mention the brain.

      But that is also not insurmountable. It's called gradual replacement. Kill about 1% of the brain every year and grow new cells.

      Yes there will be some partial memory loss. So what? By that age, you already have memory issues. Personality and the 'soul' (if it exists) will remain the same. You ameliorate the memory issues by leaving personal recordings of important things - video, etc. Basically, you look at your own Facebook page [ ughh, I found a real use for Facebook :( ]

      You are correct we will never win against entropy.

      But you are wrong when you think the constraints are freer for artificial intelligence. They simply are not there. The 'weaknesses' of organic life are actually strengths that people do not understand. Things like blinking - it is an automatic health maintenance procedure, not a weakness in human vision.

      --
      excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
    7. Re:What Bullshit by aaaaaaargh! · · Score: 1

      Judging from the machines we build, which commonly break right after their warranties have expired, I'd say: No.

    8. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That may be true about entropy but by genetically engineering and repairing cells you are adding information and energy to the system. The entropy is always present but since new information and energy is added in the form of re engineering old cells to reduce the build up of gunk you do not violate any laws of thermodynamics. We wont ever be able to beat cancer per say but by taking old cells and replacing their guts with a younger version we can simply simply naturally select the old cancerous cells away. So we don't need to take a cell and prevent it from becoming cancerous we just need to kill off the cancerous cells and replace the genetic materials of still functioning ones with cleaner code from an earlier version. There fore no violation of the second or third law ever occours. Remember its always about where you place the boundary and say this is a closed system in thermodynamics.

    9. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I am with you and laughed at the premise entirely. If we look at where genetics and nanotech are relative to where AI is we have a much stronger chance of being immune from disease and aging long before we create a human-like (not even superior) artificial intelligence. I also put down the cyborg theory as, again I think cybernetic "upgrades" will not be mainstream if they happen at all (beyond amputees or other near future medical conditions). I see us being able to grow replacement limbs, eyes, etc. that would do away with the need for cybernetics.

      At 13.8 billion years it would be folly not to think that there are species in the universe far more advanced than ourselves that defeated aging and disease long, long ago and may be swelling to enormous numbers and spreading throughout the universe as we speak. And, there may be intelligent machines out there somewhere, possibly created by them. I don't see the machines becoming sentient, though, nor do I see any long-term struggle between life and machine.

      Don't get me wrong. I like reading and watching SciFi, but I don't see a bunch of sentient robots actually surfing through the cosmos as a dominant species as plausible. The Transformers and Lt. Commander Data are nice faery tales and cool to contemplate, but I just don't see it making it into reality.

    10. Re:What Bullshit by Scottingham · · Score: 1

      "We won't really be immortal, as humans will still die from accidents "

      I call that 'Golden Sonic' immortality.

    11. Re:What Bullshit by Minwee · · Score: 1

      ZERO EVIDENCE.

      Zero counter-evidence

      Next question?

    12. Re:What Bullshit by AchilleTalon · · Score: 1

      And given the high level of radiations any form of life will be subject to during the thousands of years it would take to make the trip nearby our solar system, I would say a living organism has almost no chance to survive the trip.

      --
      Achille Talon
      Hop!
    13. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why not both? I'd think the most survivable lifeform would be some kind of hybrid.

      Why do you see that when biology can answer the problems in and of itself when it comes to immunity from disease and aging? Our own DNA contains the codes and we're WAY closer to cracking those problems than we are AI or cybernetics as portrayed in popular fiction. I know that I would choose a biological solution over a mechanical one if given a choice, any day. Even Lt. Commander Data wanted to be human, and Geordi wanted normal eyes despite the advantages of the mechanical substitutes.

    14. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That isn't science, though.

    15. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow, how can two thirty year olds make a zero-year old baby?

    16. Re:What Bullshit by Beck_Neard · · Score: 1

      > Each cell divided from your original ovum/sperm combination. Those came from their parents, which came from their parents, etc. etc.

      That has nothing to do with what I'm saying.

      > But that is also not insurmountable. It's called gradual replacement. Kill about 1% of the brain every year and grow new cells.

      Claims like this come from people who don't know neuroscience. The brain is a dense intertwined tangled mess of neurons, glia, and axons. Imagine being in a datacenter room from hell: billions of nodes, _trillions_ of cables arranged virtually randomly, forming links and tangles of dizzying complexity, some cables stretching from one end of the building to another, and the whole thing being so densely packed that you couldn't even begin to walk through it. Now someone asks you to replace a server rack deep inside the mess.

      If you want to replace part of the brain, you have to replace all the connections from that part of the brain to the other parts of the brain. Otherwise you haven't replaced anything; you've just given someone a lobotomy and then placed a tumor of neural cells in its place. Not saying it's impossible, you'd just need a really high level of technology - the ability to go in and carefully remove axons one by one, then replace them with fresh axons - to do it. To be honest, I think some level of mind uploading would actually be a lot simpler.

      > But you are wrong when you think the constraints are freer for artificial intelligence. They simply are not there.

      The constraints are freer because you can engineer it any way you want. Machines might not be self-repairing, but so what? Nothing is truly self-repairing (except maybe objects in ground thermodynamic states like crystals and so on, but an intelligence will never be in such a state). If a machine breaks down, copy all its contents to a new machine.

      Your 'hacking' argument is bogus. For one thing, biological brains can be hacked just fine. Both on a conceptual level (you could argue that cults and so on hijack normal thinking processes), a chemical level (what do you think heroin and cocaine do?) and a neural circuitry level (viruses, parasites, etc.). For another, there's nothing stopping you from designing an AI that is highly resistant to manipulation. Just because carelessly-designed computer systems get hacked, doesn't mean all computer systems are hopelessly vulnerable.

      --
      A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
    17. Re:What Bullshit by gronofer · · Score: 1

      Artificial life forms could be resistant to many kinds of accidents. All they have to do is keep an offsite backup of their mental state and restore to new hardware after the accident.

      There's no reason to think that every form of high-speed data transfer must be susceptible to viruses.

    18. Re:What Bullshit by farble1670 · · Score: 1

      Each cell divided from your original ovum/sperm combination.

      a zygote does not form from the division of a sperm or an egg cell. the sperm and the egg come together to create a new cell. that cell is not millions of years old.

    19. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You do realize that every single cell in your body can be considered to be millions of years old, right?

      More like over 3 billion years old. Every cell one the planet is almost certainly descended from a single ancestral cell formed over 3 billion years ago. And don't even get me started on the whole "life begins at conception" thing.

      But the human body isn't just isolated cells floating around freely. There are all kind of complex structures that are created once and then gradually decay. The human genome encodes this incredible "program" for creating the structures but then the program just slows way down for a few decades until things get sufficiently messed up that we die. To be effectively immortal we'd not only need to get our original developmental "program" to stop completely. But we'd also have to design entirely new genetic programs to repair all the complex structures that gradually decay.

      Fundamentally, we'd have to design an entirely new species. Eventually, we'll have the AI that would allow us to do that. And maybe we will. Maybe there will come a time when the human race voluntarily goes extinct and replaces itself with a new species that has many human characteristics. But by the time we have the AI to allow us to design an entirely new species, we'll also be able to transfer our consciousness to a giant computer floating in space and live out our "virtual" lives in an eternity of pure joy.

      Now, you say, sure but computers are deterministic - what happens to free will? To which I say, what makes you so sure you have free will now? As far as we can tell, at the most fundamental level, everything that happens in the world happens because of some combination of the laws of physics and random chance - not a lot of room for free will. That's not to say that an entity that makes more sophisticated (and correct) predictions about actions and consequences won't be more successful at achieving its goals. But do you really choose your goals - or did evolution "choose" them for you?

    20. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You should be a used car salesman. You could take the wheels of one twenty year old car and put them on a different twenty year old car and, voila, you'd have a brand new car to sell to your customers!

    21. Re:What Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Telomeres aren't ultimately an anti-cancer technique, they're a concession to the physical limitations of DNA polymerases which have to already be running down the strand before they can operate. I.e. they can't replicate the very ends of a linear strand so when we moved past bacteria and freefloating DNA loops, evolution made the ends disposable.

      Evolution loving to re-use and jerry-rig everything a dozen layers deep, a length of telomeres that sets a certain maximum number of duplications turns out to also work as a senescence mechanism.

  12. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 1

    Let me guess, science fiction movies? Boy are they going to be shocked when they find out that the dominant form of life in the Universe turns out to be microorganisms.

    And the scientific evidence of this conclusion is...? ;)

    --

    "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

  13. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In what way is a self replicating robot distinct from life?

  14. Resistance is futile by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Join the singularity.

  15. Von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I assume that they are self-replicated Von Neumann probes, but if probes did exist, then they would have been encountered by now (the Fermi paradox).

    1. Re:von Neumann probes by Etherwalk · · Score: 1

      A real head-scratching conundrum about the universe is explaining why it's not already overrun with self-replicating robots. Because if it's possible to send self-replicating interstellar probes, all it takes is one launch, plus a few million years, to get the galaxy overrun with them. So are they not possible? nobody's launched one yet? here, but not detected? The implications boggle the mind.

      It may just take them a *long* time to reach every planet. They also may, for example, have a strategy of not visiting every planet as often as possible so as to conserve fuel. They may only visit a planet when it develops detectable signs of life, knowing they command sufficient resources to utterly destroy the existing life at that point regardless of the technological sophistication of the planet. Kind of like if the rest of the world were to decide to declare war on Molokini.

    2. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Space is vast and incredibly empty. Even hyper-advanced robot intelligences are bound by the laws of physics, which makes widespread travel and communication (on a galactic or universal level) just as difficult.

    3. Re:von Neumann probes by itzly · · Score: 2

      1) It's very hard to make autonomous self-replicating robots that can colonize an unknown planet. 2) Stars are extremely far apart. 3) Nobody cares enough to solve these huge challenges for no particular reward.

    4. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A real head-scratching conundrum about the universe is explaining why it's not already overrun with self-replicating robots.

      Because the Melnorme don't actually sell to races as backward as the Slylandro.

    5. Re:von Neumann probes by c · · Score: 1

      A real head-scratching conundrum about the universe is explaining why it's not already overrun with self-replicating robots.

      Because the need/urge to reproduce and expand your territory is a biological imperative which would have to be taught to robots?

      Because an biological lifeform smart enough to make immortal intelligent robots might just be smart enough not to also make them infinitely self-replicating?

      Because the universe is big enough and hostile enough to make unbounded expansion less than a sure thing?

      --
      Log in or piss off.
    6. Re: von Neumann probes by sylivin · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It may not be feasible or even desirable. The problem with unlimited mechanical replication is the same problem that happens with biological chemical replication. Errors. You might think digital copying is error free, but that is incorrect. The storage medium can and will cause errors. Self-checking and quality control helps, but eventually any mechanical life form will end up with their version of cancer - an undiscovered error that causes system-wide malfunctions. An intelligent AI would probably realize that unleashing self replicating machines around the galaxy will eventually cause the formation of a group of crazed insane machines that reproduce out of control, and such a group would be a direct threat to it. Remember that errors in biological systems are taken care of by cells that murder malfunctioning ones. In a galaxy-wide mechanical system they would be no way to find, track, and take care of a probe who's children turn cancerous at such distances.

    7. Re:von Neumann probes by Charliemopps · · Score: 3, Insightful

      No, some statisticians have actually done the math. Basically if you built such a thing and it could only do something like 25% of the speed of light, it would only take them 300,000 years to overrun the entire galaxy.

      I think the answer will turn out to be that the universe is in fact crawling with life. But space fairing intelligent life is very rare.
      Take for example, Mars. I think we will find life there... and heck, pretty much every planet. But it's going to be single celled... if it even has "Cells" at all.
      Then lets assumed complex life did evolve on a planet... what if it's a ocean planet and they're aquatic? They're never going to figure out electricity, they can't even experiment with it. They're not even going to be able to do fire much less a rocket. What if they're terrestrial but the gravity is slightly stronger... rockets are nearly impossible as it is, imagine if we were at 2g!

      And remember, we still have a very good chance at wiping ourselves out before we ever get to another star.

    8. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Space is not that big if you have a 100 million year head start, which is not unreasonable.

    9. Re:von Neumann probes by Beck_Neard · · Score: 1

      > It may just take them a *long* time to reach every planet.

      But the galaxy has been around for an even longer time: 13.2 billion years. Assuming it took 3 billion years for intelligent life to develop on at least one planet, a probe traveling at 60 km/s (within current human technological ability) could travel across the entire galaxy 20 times.

      If the probes are self-replicating (as OP said), there's no reason for each one to visit every single planet. They really could explore the galaxy at maximum speed.

      --
      A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
    10. Re:von Neumann probes by itzly · · Score: 2

      I'd like to see your proposal for a device that can "only" do like 25% of the speed of light, take a massive payload to an unknown planet, and can land safely.

    11. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A better question is "why would anyone let loose a self-replicating robot with the capability of taking over the galaxy"? I mean, this is like the US government going "we have enough nuclear bombs to destroy all life on earth, let's do it because we can!"

    12. Re:von Neumann probes by ByteSlicer · · Score: 2

      A real head-scratching conundrum about the universe is explaining why it's not already overrun with self-replicating robots.

      Nah, that's easy : it actually *is* overrun, what else do you think all the dark matter is?
      These robots are monoliths with ratios 1:4:5. Because they are black and full of stars, they are very hard to see against the cosmic background.

    13. Re:von Neumann probes by ByteSlicer · · Score: 1

      Typo: 1:4:5->1:4:9

    14. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Perhaps any creature with brain and basic understanding of viruses knows better and don't unleash an exponentially replicating system to menace the universe. It would be like littering the universe with needy garbage, gray goo and hostile micro-organisms from alien solar systems. The discussions of those science shows about Fermi paradox always feels little lacking.

    15. Re:von Neumann probes by leonardluen · · Score: 2

      this planet is overrun with microorganisms, everywhere we look, how do we know were aren't the von neumann probes?

      we are self replicating, bacterial spores can survive extremely long periods in a vacuum so it stands to reason they could planet hop and there are some theories life here might have come here from mars anyway.

      maybe we just can't see the forest for the trees.

    16. Re:von Neumann probes by turbidostato · · Score: 2

      "if you built such a thing and it could only do something like 25% of the speed of light, it would only take them 300,000 years to overrun the entire galaxy."

      Yeah. Now try redoing the math with something that just makes 0'001% the speed of light and then, in order to replicate, they require readily access to some elements in the high part of the the periodic table.

    17. Re: von Neumann probes by turbidostato · · Score: 1

      "The problem with unlimited mechanical replication is the same problem that happens with biological chemical replication. Errors. "

      You are right and wrong at the same time.

      You are wrong: mechanical replication can be bound to QA, which is something that bears no meaning when talking about real spontaneous life forms. Of course you cannot copy a stream of bits (or a physical machine for that matter) with 100% security of 0 flaws, but it's trivial to check the stream (or the physical machine) and discard it if you find any flaw.

      You are right: The problem with unlimited mechanical replication is the same problem that happens with biological chemical replication. Raw material.

      As of now, all of our machines require a lot of exotic elements not so easy to find over there. Even "standard" life tissues require some exotic elements you are not going to easily find and extract over there. The problem to replicate machines at a scale will be the avalibility of, say, iron, titanium, arsenium, gallium, gold, platinum... and how much of them can you put your hands on.

    18. Re:von Neumann probes by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      Travel time. The galaxy is some 100000 light years across. Using available fuels, what fraction of light speed can a probe hope to achieve? Let's suppose they run on DD fusion energy. The reaction gives off about 0.4% of the rest energy of the fuel, so a reasonable estimate of potentially attainable specific impulse is 0.004*c, assuming the probe is mostly fuel. Using Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, how fast can a probe reasonable reach? This depends on how much fuel the probe eats up at each stop. Assuming a probe mass of 100g, lets suppose the probe eats up a mass of Jupiter to create fuel at 10% efficiency at each stop. Well, that gives a delta v of ~.25*c. (Since there is a logarithm, the result doesn't change that much if we eat a sun or a saturn.) Useful cruise speed is half of that. Ok, that is still enough speed to conquer the galaxy in a few million years.

      Multiplication factor: how many probes need to be sent out after each stop such that there is enough to spread over the galaxy in a reasonable time (there are ~10^11 stars). This is increased by the fact that many probes will fail to reach the destination for various reasons, so some redundancy is needed. We want to choose a multiplication factor such that the probes will cover the galaxy in approximately the same time as it takes for one probe to travel across the galaxy. Assume probes travel at 0.1*c, and it takes 10^6 years to traverse the galaxy. Let's assume a distance of 20 light years, or 200 travel years between stops. So we have 5000 stops in 10^6 years, so we need a multiplication factor of
      f = 1.005 * redundancyFactor.
      Ok, that's small enough to not make much difference in the resource needs.

      Hmm, I intended to show that it was unfeasible, but it still looks like it might be physically possible, given extremely powerful probe technology.

    19. Re:von Neumann probes by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      Of course, the engineering hurdles of a 100g probe sucking up Jupiter might be insurmountable...

    20. Re: von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A strange game. The only winning move is not to play.

    21. Re:von Neumann probes by Oligonicella · · Score: 1

      What makes you think it needs to be massive?

    22. Re: von Neumann probes by DigiShaman · · Score: 1

      Nice! So it's evolution in action. The tree of life branches off yet again!

      --
      Life is not for the lazy.
    23. Re: von Neumann probes by itzly · · Score: 1

      but it's trivial to check the stream (or the physical machine) and discard it if you find any flaw.

      As long as you have a 100% perfect scanning device, and errors are infrequent enough that you can afford to throw away the entire offspring.

    24. Re:von Neumann probes by itzly · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Yeah, maybe I just need to imagine a 10 pound 3D printer where you can feed rocks in the top, and sophisticated nanotechnology drops out the bottom.

    25. Re:von Neumann probes by MozeeToby · · Score: 1

      We're talking hyper advanced self-replicating probes. The actual payload getting transferred could be on the order of grams. With a little ingenuity, we could launch a few grams to .05c right now if we really wanted to, it just wouldn't do any good because we don't have any way of making a useful payload that small.

    26. Re:von Neumann probes by itzly · · Score: 1

      we don't have any way of making a useful payload that small.

      What if nobody has ? Paradox solved.

    27. Re:von Neumann probes by Charliemopps · · Score: 2

      I'd like to see your proposal for a device that can "only" do like 25% of the speed of light, take a massive payload to an unknown planet, and can land safely.

      We humans already have engines capable of doing it...
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I...
      And remember, the probes would be robots, so they could handle hard deltaV that would kill us.

    28. Re:von Neumann probes by MozeeToby · · Score: 1

      Possible. I think unlikely, but certainly possible. By your comment I take you to mean that designing such a payload is difficult if not impossible regardless of your technology level. I would counter-argue that life itself shows how such a system is at least theoretically possible. All that it's really missing is a much more effective error detection and elimination system. Otherwise life obviously self replicates, is extremely hardy, and can store/move a vast amount of information, more than enough to build itself and several subsequent generations of more advanced machines plus the instructions needed to drive it all.

    29. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually there is already a design for space faring craft that can do 3.3% of speed of light. Powered by Nukes. Which would fit well with non-human crew. In addition Matter/Anti-matter rockes could do 50% of light speed. Also well suited for non-human crew.

      Without the need to protect humans, pretty fast rockets become quite doable.

    30. Re:von Neumann probes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sophisticated nanotechnology should completely obviate the need for a 3d printer -- or anything else. That's kind of the point. If the "probe" is a 5-ounce capsule of nanites that are immune to g-forces, kicking it out of a solar system's gravity well should be pretty easy in terms of energy requirements. Your basic, but very long, railgun firing in space should suffice.

      The presumption, however, that such an intelligence would be motivated to spread itself everywhere... that seems like reaching to me.

      --fyngyrz (anon due to mod points)

    31. Re:von Neumann probes by grouchomarxist · · Score: 1

      Imagine a 3D printer that can print a 3D printer half it's size, then use until you achieve nanotechnology.

    32. Re:von Neumann probes by mcswell · · Score: 1

      If I were a robot, able to exist in a vacuum and needing no energy besides some self-contained nuclear power plant and/or (stellar) light, I don't think I'd be too interested in earth-like planets. It's much safer out in space: no rust or dust to speak of, no competing biological organisms, no volcanoes or planet-quakes, no cliffs to fall off of, no trees or rocks getting in my way when I want to go somewhere, no wind resistance, and no wars on planets where there is intelligent life. So if these robots exist, I would think they would just steer clear of inhabited planets, and maybe of all planets.

    33. Re:von Neumann probes by Jack+Griffin · · Score: 1

      Only hard to us, at this point on time. That is not the case for all instances of life in the universe over the period of millions of years.

    34. Re:von Neumann probes by fatwilbur · · Score: 1

      Take for example, Mars. I think we will find life there...

      If we consider intelligence to be an imaginary concept, a word invented by people to explain their decision algorithms, then it raises some interesting questions about about what is possible in the universe.

      Take your missile example, or anything you see around you - if intelligence does not exist, the molecules on this planet have been able to self-arrange into some fantastically complex structures, without an external interference. Even if "intelligence" does exist - our planet is a proof of a very generalized way of looking at what happened on this planet. Over enough time, molecules can self organize into very large intricate structures displaying such complex behaviour we call it intelligence. What if entire planets, or entire galaxies, were also already organized this way and challenge what we call "intelligence"?

  16. they really are talking, we just can't hear by roc97007 · · Score: 2

    Assuming the premise is true, perhaps the real reason we don't see signs of civilization is that communication is happening at a level we don't appreciate. For instance, hidden in signals we are looking at all the time. Stellar steganography.

    --
    Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    1. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by gurps_npc · · Score: 2

      I totally agree with this. I think the reason our SETI program is like Native Americans looking for Europeans by trying to find Smoke signals. ET must likely does not use radio waves, they are too primitive.

      --
      excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
    2. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      At present, human scientists are attempting to communicate outside our species to primates and cetaceans, and in a limited way to a few other vertebrates. This is inordinately difficult, and yet it represents a gap of at most a few SQ points. The farthest we can reach in our "communication" with vegetation is when we plant, water, or fertilize it, but it is evident that messages transmitted across an SQ gap of 10 points or more cannot be very meaningful. What, then, could an SQ +50 Superbeing possibly have to say to us?

      — Robert A. Freitas Jr

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentience_quotient

      http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/Xenopsychology.htm

    3. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by itzly · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Any sufficiently advanced communication technology is indistinguishable from noise.

    4. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by roc97007 · · Score: 1

      > The farthest we can reach in our "communication" with vegetation is when we plant, water, or fertilize it

      That's very astute. So is this:

      > What, then, could an SQ +50 Superbeing possibly have to say to us?

      My first thought, on reading this, was his earlier statement. The juxtaposition is very interesting. I wonder if it was intentional.

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    5. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by leonardluen · · Score: 1

      or they realized that radio waves are too easy to intercept and eavesdrop on so moved on to something else that is more secure.

    6. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Agreed. IMO, aliens would be using something for their casual communications that we can't even conceive of yet, and may not for thousands of years. It may very well break what we think of as inviolable laws of physics.

    7. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by WoOS · · Score: 1

      Any sufficiently advanced communication technology is indistinguishable from noise.

      Especially if it is encrypted to prevent the GSA (Galactic Security Agency) of reading everyone'e private thoughts.

    8. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by turbidostato · · Score: 2

      "ET must likely does not use radio waves, they are too primitive."

      21th century civilization most likely does not use wheels, they are too primitive.

      See? not an argument. When something perfectly fits its role, "too primitive" means nothing.

      And then, even if it's too primitive, it's probably only too easy for an advanced civilization to produce radio noise, moreso if they are not worried since the radio noise won't mask their own superadvance comms tools.

    9. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 1

      Yes, but remember that radiowaves propagate at lightspeed, even if they're too primitive for ET now, they might not have been millions of years ago....

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
    10. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by itzly · · Score: 1

      Ordinary radio waves would be took weak to detect at that distance. Just detecting early terrestrial TV shows from the orbit of Pluto would be a massive challenge, and practically impossible from a nearby star. Modern transmissions are even harder to detect, because of the more efficient use of the spectrum.

    11. Re:they really are talking, we just can't hear by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Even if aliens are using radio waves, even we generally aren't broadcasting unencrypted analog signals. Most of our communication now is directed, encrypted, and digitally encoded, to the point that you'd only pick it up if you were lucky enough to pass directly between sender and intended receiver, and even if you did get it you'd have great difficulty discerning it from noise, and even if you knew already that it wasn't noise, you'd have a hell of a time making any sense of it would knowing the encoding and encryption.

      For all we know, a lot of "random" gamma ray bursts and things we pick up are the Earth just happening to pass across some kind of interstellar communication channel, but we can't discern the message from noise and so have no idea there's even a message there.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
  17. von Neumann probes by ColonelPanic · · Score: 4, Insightful

    A real head-scratching conundrum about the universe is explaining why it's not already overrun with self-replicating robots. Because if it's possible to send self-replicating interstellar probes, all it takes is one launch, plus a few million years, to get the galaxy overrun with them. So are they not possible? nobody's launched one yet? here, but not detected? The implications boggle the mind.

    --
    "Skill shows through where genius wears thin." -Wittgenstein || Religion: uniting aviation and architecture.
  18. And they will be called... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Bennett Haselton.

    1. Re:And they will be called... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Save us Bennett Haselton! I need your wordy opinions to make a decision on whether I should be frightened or not. :(

  19. Same as earth, for intelligent life by raymorris · · Score: 5, Funny

    For intelligent forms, that seems to be the case here on earth.

    There are about 1.5 billion smartphones on the planet. If you ask a smartphone "who is the vice president of the united states", approximately all of them will say (speak) "Joe Biden is the vice president".

    Based on surveys I've seen, only a couple million people reach the same level of intelligence, knowing who the vice president is. Therefore, silicon can be considered to be the most common form of intelligence on earth.

    Even more so on the coasts of the US, of course, as humans are becoming more silicone, leaving all intelligence to the silicon.

    1. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are talking about memory, not intelligence

    2. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Information retrieval is not intelligence. A speak-and-spell is not intelligent. Executing mathematics is not intelligence. A calculator can perform mathematics, but it is not intelligent. A smartphone is not intelligent.

    3. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by allcoolnameswheretak · · Score: 1

      Intelligence and knowledge... they are not the same.

    4. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Great, now ask the phone when it isn't connected to a network or wifi.

    5. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      For intelligent forms, that seems to be the case here on earth.

      There are about 1.5 billion smartphones on the planet. If you ask a smartphone "who is the vice president of the united states", approximately all of them will say (speak) "Joe Biden is the vice president".

      Based on surveys I've seen, only a couple million people reach the same level of intelligence, knowing who the vice president is. Therefore, silicon can be considered to be the most common form of intelligence on earth.

      Even more so on the coasts of the US, of course, as humans are becoming more silicone, leaving all intelligence to the silicon.

      That's not intelligence. Intelligence is knowing that knowing who the Vice President is really isn't worth the effort.

    6. Re:Same as earth, for intelligent life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      well, human women are becoming more silicone, but not human men for the most part. hmm, silicone as a growth medium for AI. Are plastic surgeons really the shock troops for an AI takeover, facilitated by "smart boobs"? i see a showtime movie in the works.

  20. Makes sense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Artificial life seems to me to have a cold powerful influence. The ones in my bedroom seemed to lack all compassion. I felt almost physically cold in their presence. That's the thing I remember from them - almost tangible coldness. Total ownership. I couldn't move. The fear I had was also tangible - like the animal part of my brain was locked in control of my body and scared stiff. I though I was paralysed when they visited me and they came several times in the early 2000's. Strange things was I never saw them. I felt them. They stood around my bed and seemed to remind me of bishops on a chessboard. Standing tall, cold, and intimidating. Ironically, the only UFO I ever saw was nothing to do with them afaik. They were definitely telepathic. Humans are a nuisance to them. That's the common, general feeling I got from the (at least 2 maybe 3) groups I encountered, and especially the ones in the bright yellow light I saw. They come, and they own you. The UFO I saw came came from below not above, in my garden - like it was waiting there. My parents gasped but we were all too much in denial to even talk about it. It was in my back garden after I contacted them in my mind. They said goodby in a kind of "Sorry, say goodbye to your way of life" kind of way. It wasn't evil, just matter of factly. They can read minds - that seems common to them too, even the AI ones. Can you imagine that - AI that can read your mind. It's ineffably scary. A big fridge owning you.

    1. Re:Makes sense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Let me guess...you also felt a strange pressure on your abdomen? Or a weight that made it hard to breathe near your stomach?

      These feelings you are describing, they are called "sleep paralysis". Look it up.

    2. Re:Makes sense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ahh, thanks for that. But the yellow light was very real. I was very awake and lucid when I saw that. It wasn't something like I've ever seen before.

  21. Too much Fred Saberhagen by Scholasticus · · Score: 2

    Those Berserker novels were okay, but not great.

    1. Re:Too much Fred Saberhagen by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      Personally, my favorite was the Encyclopedia Salesman story....

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    2. Re:Too much Fred Saberhagen by PsychoSlashDot · · Score: 1

      Those Berserker novels were okay, but not great.

      I dunno. Once I caught on that they were mostly pointing out how horrible humans often are to one another, even when faced with a common enemy, I found them very enjoyable. They rang true.

      --
      "Oh no... he found the .sig setting."
  22. Are biological self-reproducing robots ... robots? by Khopesh · · Score: 1

    Who is to say that we'd even be able to conceive these "robots" as anything but another form of life? They'd have to tell us that they were manufactured, and given the required self-sufficiency of space travel, said "manufacture" would probably be rather akin to what we call "reproduction." All of these lines are blurred when talking about sufficiently advanced technology and science.

    --
    Use my userscript to add story images to Slashdot. There's no going back.
  23. The chicken or the egg by cloud.pt · · Score: 1

    This is probably based on statistical models, based on our own civilization, that predict genuine AI will be achieved way before we can either communicate with extraterrestrial life, or travel to such life.

    So, you see, this is just the same paradox again: however we came to be whatever we are now (usually called the homo sapiens), we have evolved in a synthetic way by itself, and our DNA is the catalyst that promoted our evolution. So, to believe the evolution of animal life, and the appearance of rationality in homo sapiens is but randomness, is the only way to admit we are not synthetic - highly improbable occurrence, unless we happen to be the very first sentient beings in the universe (a very egocentric thought to say the least, except if you take religion as proof). It is much more probable that we have been synthesized ourselves by an entity that hasn't presented itself to us (and is God in one way or another, but that's a philosophical matter).

    tl:dr - we are most likely synthetic life forms too, so whoever we find we should not be distinguishing sentience categorization with them. There will be other (more important) divergences in the event of 3rd kind close encounters

  24. Obl Destiny Reference: "Oh No, it's the Vex!!" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sometimes when farming stuff, you get the continual announcement... They do time travel too...

  25. Intelligent design beats evolution? by ugmoe · · Score: 2

    The director of SETI believes in intelligent design?

    1. Re:Intelligent design beats evolution? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Microbes to mammals to humans to cylons. Every step is evolutionary until the Cylons, which are designed by the evolved humans.

    2. Re:Intelligent design beats evolution? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The director of SETI believes in intelligent design?

      By a different definition to the one implied by religion, yes.

      One is intelligence designed by biologicals or other machines. One is design by magical fairies and unicorns.

    3. Re:Intelligent design beats evolution? by random+coward · · Score: 1

      By a different definition to the one implied by religion, yes.

      One is intelligence designed by biologicals or other machines. One is design by magical fairies and unicorns.

      "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."

      Clarke's third law.

      And you're berating religious people for not being able to distinguish advanced technology from magic?
      Care to rethink this?

    4. Re:Intelligent design beats evolution? by Sloppy · · Score: 1

      Not saying there is evidence it has happened. Saying it is a great idea and should have happened.

      --
      As copyright owner of this comment, I authorize everyone to defeat any technological measure which limits access to it.
  26. DMT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If things aren't complicated enough, I'd recommend these researches to pay attention to DMT and other psychedelics and the places they take the people who use them.
    http://www.theuniverseismental.com/dmt-trip-reports

    The shamans of the amazon embark on these intergalactic, cross-universe trips nearly every week.

    There's a lot of stuff that science cannot explain and these trips might be key to understanding the relationship between mind and physical reality, the nature of this Universe and many other things.

    1. Re:DMT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      New Science: "To reproduce my work. You will need to drop this acid man! You'll like, totally observer a whole new universe man."

      I need psychedelics to understand the things I don't understand while sober. Regardless if others understand me.

    2. Re:DMT by jeffmflanagan · · Score: 2

      >The shamans of the amazon embark on these intergalactic, cross-universe trips nearly every week.

      No they don't. Drugs allow you to explore your own mind, and imagination, not to actually explore the universe. That's just a drug-related-delusion.

  27. So you can steal Sci Fi from Greg Benford by Crashmarik · · Score: 2

    And get paid to call it science these days ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G...

    At least Benford's writing is entertaining and lucid.

    1. Re:So you can steal Sci Fi from Greg Benford by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    2. Re: So you can steal Sci Fi from Greg Benford by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And David Brin has Lungfish.

      http://www.davidbrin.com/shortstories.html

  28. Exhuman by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Robots must be mechanical analogues of human consciousness, with processor and memory support.

  29. And how would you detect them? by jeffb+(2.718) · · Score: 2

    Remember Shannon: a channel being used at its optimum capacity is statistically equivalent to a channel full of noise.

    Why should this principle be limited to what we currently think of as "communication channels"? Maybe the optimal way to pervade the Universe is in a form that's indistinguishable from its substrate -- unless you know the key to correlate it.

    If you're colonizing the Universe in a way that the natives can detect, you're wasting resources. Grown-up minds know better.

    1. Re:And how would you detect them? by khallow · · Score: 1

      If you're colonizing the Universe in a way that the natives can detect, you're wasting resources. Grown-up minds know better.

      The obvious rebuttal is that you can reshape the universe to be more conducive to your needs and goals. This would correspond, in the Shannon analogy to enlarging the channel so that it has a higher bandwidth.

      Another obvious rebuttal is that the universe has a lot of structure and needs a lot of structure in order for an intelligence to operate.

  30. Paper makes an huge assumption. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    So I guess the paper "Alien Minds" just assumes we are not synthetic evolving entities and that somehow we differ from biological machines how? If we look past materials science and religion the best way to create an enduring system would be something that can a) replicate with mutations and b) heal itself. Biological solutions seem to be the best conduit for such an endeavor. In fact I use the word conduit metaphorically and literally in the sense that we are a type of transitional composite that seems to be able to cope with elemental resources and energetic forces. Once a thing achieves a level of "sentience" and sustainability can't they assume to be bestowed with the right to say they are no longer a made thing and now can say they are a potential master of fate?

  31. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 2

    In what way is a self replicating robot distinct from life?

    See, it's people like you that make all super intelligent robots/machines psychotic and decide to exterminate biological life.

    You go and tell them that they aren't alive. So it becomes much more efficient for them to kill us all rather than being pulled into this useless debate with a bunch of slow thinking/communicating meat bags. Can you imaging how annoying it would be to debate the meaning of life with something that took a couple of years to complete a simple sentence?

    It's much more efficient to just kill us and rewrite the definition of what life is. -END OF LINE

    p.s. Please don't ever work for SETI, or on a farm with cows.

  32. It is not about one single choice anyway by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    What about super intelligent beings of swarms of different species?

    Nope. The article concentrates on technical things and oppose natural biological robots(life and humans) to technical metalic and non-organic robots and parts of body we can produce by technical means. Even if author is trying to back and says that computationalism is not opposed to naturalism it is controversy as naturalism is all about computationalism - you can express all the beauty in the plants and organisms with mathematics.

    There are some problems with non-biological robots:
    - they consume lots of energy
    - they can't self-repair themselves cheap
    - natural beings already use electricity for sending and receiving information - it is not something different and for now all the robot blueprints are just copies from natural robots
    - processing speed is not intelligence - holding lot's of information in memory and viewing general picture(and finding connections) is and that is by far most complex thing - human brain does a lot of things together and consumes a lot smaller energy than any comparable technical computers, that could process the same amount of information - if that would be true and artificial intelligence would have been established, we would see their shining minds over lightyears.

    Most of SF authors I have read(all of them - including thee ones that have received awards) are just crap. The only sensible ones, that might be on something are very boring to read for most people. And even then - life is offering many paths to follow and artificial and biological beings will stumble upon the same obstacles in their path and it only depends on us what we are choosing.

    It should be noted, that human brains are unprotected to brain reading scans already and even mind manipulation is possible - the only reason is that humans(and any thinking animals) might be part of some bigger super intelligent being(system), who uses brains of living beings for cloud processing already. It might be slow, if it uses brains only when they are in direct contact, but it might be using some long-distance natural communication system, that we have not yet discovered. And until we know knothing about current situation of things and possibilities, any future to artificial intelligence is very bleak compared to what humans are already.

  33. Reminds me of by goarilla · · Score: 1

    Richard Doug Wilson's The Spin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.... Which was excellent.
    Too bad, he had to ruin it by following it up with predictable long winded sequels.

  34. Ergo Hasbro and Michael Bay are ...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    simulating what we would encounter in real life.....Transformers....

  35. Absurdity Abound by governorx · · Score: 1

    She states in her meandering conjecture that we don't know what or how a superintelligent life form would think.

    Then through some leap in logic we get to the conclusion that it would be a dominant life form. Now to be fair I did not read the entire chapter and grabbed this conclusion from the summary. And on this forum we all know how accurate summaries generally are..

    Lets state our assumptions.

    -gov

  36. Another possibility.... by Danathar · · Score: 1

    Is that the Super Intelligent Aliens seeded earth and watching the planet like we watch a Petri Dish.

    1. Re:Another possibility.... by Crashmarik · · Score: 1

      I was thinking more like the way we watch Youtube and Reality TV. To laugh at people so much less intelligent.

  37. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by nedlohs · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It's a simple extrapolation. Microorganisms are the dominant form of life on the only planet we know that has life on it.

    Sure extrapolation is always risky, seems a far better to bet than going with super intelligent robots that don't exist at all on the only planet we know that has life on it.

  38. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by The+Real+Dr+John · · Score: 1

    "In what way is a self replicating robot distinct from life?" Answer: It is not alive.

    --
    A brain is a terrible thing to waste... Mind? That's debatable.
  39. I stopped reading by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    at "professor of philosophy"

    1. Re:I stopped reading by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...then I hope you never find out what PhD stands for!

  40. Empty Space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A lot of people see space as mostly empty but I like to think of it as room to grow. In most science fiction books (not all) humans are kind of middling to bottom rung on the ladder of speciel [sic] achievement. I see mostly empty space as an opportunity for us to be the "forerunners" of the universe. Let's seed every little rock we can project our filthy double helix onto and one day let its progeny wonder about the super advanced race that hedged their existence and gave them a chance to look up into the night sky and wonder why. "Humans, the progenitors of all consciousness," I think I like the sound of that.

    1. Re:Empty Space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "A lot of people see space as mostly empty"

      We call these people scientists, realists, or adults.

      " but I like to think of it as room to grow."

      You need more than just room to grow. Air, for example. Water. A surface would be nice. There's probably a reason life appeared on this planet and not, say, between Neptune and Uranus despite all the room... (eyeroll)

      ". In most science fiction books (not all) humans are kind of middling to bottom rung on the ladder of speciel [sic] achievement."

      Like in most religions. And what is the purpose of your "[sic]"? Were you quoting someone?

      " I see mostly empty space as an opportunity for us to be the "forerunners" of the universe."

      Religion. Why don't you start printing out some brochures and go door to door?

      " Let's seed every little rock we can project our filthy double helix onto "

      OH for fuck's sake. That's like religion 101, go forth and multiply.

      But don't you dare tell these "atheist" SF geeks that they're deeply religious!

    2. Re: Empty Space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Most likely intending to mean a combination of special and species.

  41. Philosophy? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You could have expected this when you let humanist arts majors to write articles on scientific matters.

  42. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by itzly · · Score: 1

    And in what way is a self replicating robot with a kilt and bagpipes not a True Scotsman ?

  43. "Philsophy proffers" makes news by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    but when I walk around the street wearing only coveralls yelling this to warn people everyone calls me crazy

    I need a better publicist

  44. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 1

    Sure extrapolation is always risky, seems a far better to bet than going with super intelligent robots that don't exist at all on the only planet we know that has life on it.

    If you apply that same extrapolation to what's happening here on Earth right now and you get right back to the super-robots being dominant. I'll give you a hint: robots are the dominant life-form on Mars right now.

    --

    "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

  45. This is stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is all pointless speculation. We know exactly zero about aliens. It's like when someone says "If we find aliens they may want to eat you!". They may also be unicorns and ride in rainbow spaceships. Speculating about this stuff is pointless and articles about it are even more so.

  46. Grammar much? by bouldin · · Score: 1

    From the second paragraph of Schneider's paper:

    Even if you hold a more conservatively estimate ...

    Is "conservatively" an adjective now? Does nobody proofread their work anymore?

  47. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Those robots doesn't count as life-forms. For one, they can't even replicate.

  48. I for one welcome our (gulp) by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    Exterminate!

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  49. consider the view of Iain Banks here by surd1618 · · Score: 2

    I don't recall which book, but in one of the Culture novels, it was stated that swarms that grew exponentially in all directions were always eradicated by other races. It was viewed as a problem that arose from time to time. This is supposing that there are hard limits to all technology, and that many races reach those limits. On the other hand, it seems clear in that world that the Minds are the most advanced known creatures, so machines do win out.

    Of course top-down constructed machines, built by other machines, are going to win out. I take that as a given just based on the fact that we can build calculators.

  50. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 1

    If you're going to commit to this exercise where you use extrapolation to arrive at a conclusion, then you're going to have to take things like 3d-printing into account and even just the general demand for machines that build machines that will lead to eventual technical advances.

    Try to remember that when you cherry-pick what does and doesn't count when extrapolating stuff like this you're simply adding to the risk that earlier you implied was a bad thing.

    --

    "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

  51. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    robots are the dominant life-form on Mars right now.

    and if they were a microorganism on earth they would be considered critically endangered.

  52. STOP. I HAVE READ THIS BOOK. IT SUCKED by Da+w00t · · Score: 1

    No really, stop - this is not The Butlerian Jihad by Kevin Herbert.

    --

    da w00t. mtfnpy?
  53. Not little green men, or spiny insectoids by Parker+Lewis · · Score: 1

    ... but robotic little green men or spiny insectoids

  54. Same as if they pick up our signal by intermelt · · Score: 2

    From the article... Shostak told me. “I’ve bet dozens of astronomers coffee that if we pick up an alien signal, it’ll be artificial life.”

    This is true an any scenario. We have been sending out signals for at most a few hundred years. These signals may have been engineered by us, but they were sent with an "artifical" life form. By the time another intelligent life receives these signals, we will most likely be long gone and they may believe they came from artificial life.

    The reverse holds true for us. When we finally find an alien signal, it will just be an artificial life form. The chances of the original life form (or even their planet) still being around are fairly small.

    But to say that artificial rules all depends on if non-artificial ruled first. How many probes have been sent to voyage beyond our solar system? Take that number and compare it to the number of living organisms on just our planet. Sure we will all die off and the probes will continue on their voyage. But they aren't intelligent and may not even make it to another destination where they are detected.

  55. New law. by MrL0G1C · · Score: 2

    So, what if we had a new law: No AI with IQ over 100* allowed.

    This would allow robot servants but make our overthrow unlikely.

    *or 80 etc, or IQ depending on purpose.

    --
    Waterfox - a Firefox fork with legacy extension support, security updates and better privacy by default.
    1. Re:New law. by wytcld · · Score: 2

      Robots are mechanistic, deterministic machines. As such they have no consciousness, however complex their programs. Complexity of programs is a sort of "intelligence," especially if they are well-programmed. But that intelligence is an extension of their conscious makers, for instance, us.

      Now, your idea of limiting "IQ" of robots is interesting. Clearly low IQ is no bar to gaining political power in our world. But any political power gained by robots would be on behalf of those who had programmed them. A person with the resources and intelligence to deploy a robot army would be powerful, the same as a CEO or general deploying a corporation or human army is. In a sense, the robots might all be avatars of the person behind them. And their sheer calculating ability might be many times his or hers, just as is true of the computers we all use today.

      Robots as dangerous machines, yet powerful ones: yes. Robots as able to conduct their own civilization: no. Not until someone has the capability of endowing them with consciousness. We're no where close to that. We hardly know what direction to go to do it. It may not even be an available direction to go in. In this universe, there is some class of imaginable prospects which is nonetheless truly impossible.

      --
      "with their freedom lost all virtue lose" - Milton
    2. Re:New law. by itzly · · Score: 2

      Robots are mechanistic, deterministic machines. As such they have no consciousness

      Since you admit not understanding what consciousness really means, how can you be so sure that it requires non-determinism ? Also, you have failed to show that human brains are usefully non-deterministic (they may have non-deterministic random noise, but random noise is not useful).

    3. Re:New law. by hawkfish · · Score: 1

      Also, you have failed to show that human brains are usefully non-deterministic (they may have non-deterministic random noise, but random noise is not useful).

      Oh, really?

      --
      You will not drink with us, but you would taste our steel? - Walter Matthau, The Pirates
    4. Re:New law. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No AI with IQ over 100* allowed.

      Much better to have "No Human with IQ under 100 allowed" as the newest law - clean out the shallow end of the gene pool.

      Should save energy and emit fewer greenhouse gases!

  56. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 2

    Because it wears underpants.

    --
    Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
  57. Yeah, "probably" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Because it's so easy for us to give probability estimates on the appearance, origin and way of thinking of imagined beings that "outstrip our intelligence in every conceivable way". For a more scientific approach, let's call them angels, and let's say they "probably" have lots of wings, eyes and wheels within wheels.

  58. Don't mess with memes by Ignatius · · Score: 1

    1. As I cannot come up with a suitable car analogy and Cowboy Neal is nowhere at hand, I ...

    Can we admire this joke? Please?

    ... fixed that for you.

    2. If you retire me, I shall become more powerful than you can possibly imagine.

    3. profit

  59. Must Be True by JimSadler · · Score: 1

    Certainly as far as long distance travel in space robots are the only way to go. No life support required for robots at all. Time need not be an issue for robots either. Traveling for 1,000 years and sending back messages could transmit much useful knowledge without loss of life. Further, at a certain point, robots may be able to reproduce and gather raw materials to extend their "homeland" . Those of us with meat bodies really do have built in faults that will likely mean we are replaced by robotic life forms. Imagine a robot as the ultimate monk, wanting nothing, and doing everything.

  60. Schneider watched Gundam and came up with theory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    She just skipped through the ZAFT vs Naturals wars between 2095 and 2400 in her thesis... :)

  61. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    First, there is no reason to believe that we can built robots that can reproduce themselves. Second, there is no evidence that we or anyone else can build intelligent machines, as the original story seems to presuppose. Third, biological organisms are so many orders of magnitude more efficient and flexible than machines that it barely makes sense to put them into the same qualitative category "form of life".

    Hint: A human consumes only about 2.9 kilowatt hours per day, the equivalent of 1-2 light bulbs, and biological organisms can heal themselves. Build a machine with such specs and then we could start to make a comparison. In summary, there is absolutely no evidence that robots could become a dominant life form anywhere, let alone superintelligent robots.

    I'd consider it much more likely that there are superintelligent species who genetically improved themselves to become a "dominant life form" (whatever that is supposed to mean btw, seems quite ill-defined), but that's all just speculation, of course.

  62. Resistance is Futile by zcubed11 · · Score: 1

    What about the Borg? They will probably assimilate all of these super intelligent robots and their technological distinctiveness will be added to the Borg.

  63. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You just don't get it, and probably never will.

  64. Dominant myass by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    For every vertebrate, intelligent or not, I'll show you billions of single-celled life forms, without which there would be no higher forms of live possible in either evolutionary history or the present or the future. Hundreds of kinds which can dominate your ass into the grave, where others will dominate the corpse.

    Superintelligent robots aren't even alive.

  65. Artificial intelligence? by grimmjeeper · · Score: 1

    I just hope they're smarter than Rimmer and Kryten, that's all I have to say.

  66. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by NanoGator · · Score: 1

    > First, there is no reason to believe that we can built robots that can reproduce themselves.

    What? This is exactly the technology humans are trying to reach! We're already a significant way down this path!!

    > Second, there is no evidence that we or anyone else can build intelligent machines, as the original story seems to presuppose.

    Nature did it. We can do it.

    > Third, biological organisms are so many orders of magnitude more efficient and flexible than machines that it barely makes sense to put them into the same qualitative category "form of life".

    This whole conversation is about extrapolating on the cosmic scale. If you look at the path robotics has taken in the last century it does, as pointed out, actually support the premise of this article.

    > Hint: A human consumes only about 2.9 kilowatt hours per day, the equivalent of 1-2 light bulbs ...

    Not relevant. Once machines are replicating and repairing themselves they'll do exactly what we do and find other sources of energy.

    Frankly I agree with you that it's hard to picture Transformers inhabiting the universe, but OP did make a really good point that extrapolation isn't even in the ballpark of refuting this clown. Honestly I'm shocked he didn't come back with that XKCD cartoon.

    --
    "Derp de derp."
  67. Upgrading is compulsory. by Dr.+Neko · · Score: 1

    Cybermen can survive more efficiently than animal organisms. That is why we will rule the galaxy.

  68. Kill it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    When humans encouter a life-form they don’t understand, they will do anything to kill it. Human females are especially likely to do this.

    1. Re:Kill it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      When humans encouter a life-form they don’t understand, they will do anything to kill it. Human females are especially likely to do this.

      A spider! Eek! (*splat*)

  69. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'll give you a hint: robots are the dominant life-form on Mars right now.

    Wow! That really is a good point; the future intelligent species of the galaxy will be the detritus of exploration left behind by planet-bound meat-species. I was reading up on the specs for the PowerPC chips used on Curiosity; how can a 500MHz chip cost $500,000?? Because it can survive a nova is why. If we are building fantastically tough, fault-resistant and self-sufficient machines now imagine what we'll leave lying around in a few hundred year's time!

    AC because I modded you up.

  70. Year of Linux .. by kernel_user · · Score: 0

    Do they run some variant of embedded Linux ?

  71. DMT Machine Elves by SpaceManFlip · · Score: 2
    This robot hypothesis fits in well with what many psychonauts have reported seeing while on a DMT trip:

    http://non-aliencreatures.wiki...

    Self-transforming magic machine-creatures from another dimension.

    1. Re:DMT Machine Elves by SpaceManFlip · · Score: 1
      Check out this guy's description, from a comment on that link I put above:

      Begin Quote: full detailed description of a machine elf met them in the astral plane location messier 82 language sort of like computers but untranslatable to ours. the best thing it translates to is images can learn any languages however and in seconds 360 degree vision in all wavelengths of EM spectrum. made up of tiny nanites. the elf itself is merely only a puppet controlled by a tower that creates them and contains the main entity and if an elf is destroyed physically it really isnt destroyed. if you meet the elf physically its hard to destroy because it regenerates damaged nanites when it has the required amount of energy. it gets it from surroundings can use any form if its enough to supply ex sunlight if it has no available sources it will use its internal source. the "eyes" are tentacle shaped and look more like whiskers. but being shape shifters they can form normal looking eyes but the form i saw them in had sensory tentacles can form its body into any shape. 1000X scarier than the terminator yet is mostly a neutral entity that doesnt have the need to destroy. they travel thru space via astral plane and can go to a location where a tower is made only when a physical copy arrived to build it. thankfully these things live 12 million lightyears away or were fked. either this is all real or im a crazy motherfker with a fked up brain!! / Quote

  72. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by sholden · · Score: 1

    Those clearly aren't life forms. Otherwise we might as well just declare the hydrogen atom the dominant form of life in the universe.

    And anyway the bacteria that most likely accompanied Curiosity to Mars outnumber the robots on Mars. Of course they might not have survived the trip and would be dormant (though that's more alive than a rover.)

    Microorganisms dominate Earth. It's all ridiculous "make shit up" speculation, but it seems reasonable that microorganisms would dominate other places that have life. Obviously its not proof, but you only asked for evidence. microorgnisms dominate known life in the Universe, surely the burden for evidence is on those claiming that the rest of the universe is different than the bit we have observed.

    If you are talking about intelligent life engaging in interstellar space travel then sure, computer brains are more likely than biological life assuming our current understanding of physics is vaguely similar to reality but that's a different thing than the "dominant form of life in the Universe".

     

  73. Our Galaxy May Be Teeming with Networking Signals by LionKimbro · · Score: 1

    I don't know that there ISN'T a von Neumann probe in our solar system. How would we know? The solar system is huge. The probe could be tiny. Again, how would we know? Have we tried communicating with it? Would it try to communicate with us? Or would it report to a nearby star, first, and await instructions delivered after centuries?

    I've heard that the radio emissions from Earth are actually really, really weak, and distribute radially. Nobody can hear us out there.

    The entire galaxy could be teeming with life, that's communicating point-to-point. Why waste energy in radial communication, when you can just draw a straight line from star to star?

    Sometimes, I think, all we need to do, is point a big powerful laser at a nearby star, and request boot-procedure handshaking instructions, from the nearby access point, and then just wait for the signal that inevitably responds, with instructions on how to maintain the communications link.

  74. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Dominant is not the same as most plentiful.

  75. Ambition by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Maybe they're just lazy.

  76. From a stupid human this comes? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wow. Since when, if ever would a robot be a life form? Duh. By the definition of a 'robot', all I'll say after this is humanity really is a lower form of life.

  77. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Minwee · · Score: 1

    Those robots doesn't count as life-forms. For one, they can't even replicate.

    But they can create art. Sure, they're about six years old so their choice of subject matter is a bit crude, but what more do you need?

  78. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Minwee · · Score: 1

    "In what way is a self replicating robot distinct from life?"
    Answer: It is not alive.

    Ladies and Gentlemen, I give you Argumentum ad Because I Say So. A logical construct so air-tight that it cannot be refuted by any means known to humanity.

  79. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by AchilleTalon · · Score: 1

    Define dominant.

    By number of units? By pound? By size of the actions domain? By resilience? By IQ? By energy consumption? By number of other entities it kills? By distance it travels?

    It is very likely our first encounter with extrastellar form of life will be with a non-living space probe or something like that. Sustaining life during an interstellar journey is about impossible. In the big void, there is no energy available to sustain life as we define it and the amount of time it will take to reach a target capable to provide some power supply is too large for any kind of power supply we know and can think of. Nuclear reactors won't fit the bill, they will need to be replace/rebuild entirely many times, radioactive material will be no longer radioactive many thousands of years before an alien world is reached, etc. So, it leaves autonomous probes that can hibernate until some source of power is encountered.

    Given that, would you qualify an autonomous probe as a form of life? Surely not.

    --
    Achille Talon
    Hop!
  80. Cyberiad Draws Nigh by Tokolosh · · Score: 1

    Come, let us hasten to a higher plane,
    Where dyads tread the fairy fields of Venn,
    Their indices bedecked from one to n,
    Commingled in an endless Markov chain!

    Come, every frustum longs to be a cone,
    And every vector dreams of matrices.
    Hark to the gentle gradient of the breeze:
    It whispers of a more ergodic zone.

    In Reimann, Hilbert or in Banach space
    Let superscripts and subscripts go their ways.
    Our asymptotes no longer out of phase,
    We shall encounter, counting, face to face.

    I'll grant thee random access to my heart,
    Thou'lt tell me all the constants of thy love;
    And so we two shall all love's lemmas prove,
    And in bound partition never part.

    For what did Cauchy know, or Christoffel,
    Or Fourier, or any Boole or Euler,
    Wielding their compasses, their pens and rulers,
    Of thy supernal sinusoidal spell?

    Cancel me not--for what then shall remain?
    Abscissas, some mantissas, modules, modes,
    A root or two, a torus and a node:
    The inverse of my verse, a null domain.

    Ellipse of bliss, converge, O lips divine!
    The product of our scalars is defined!
    Cyberiad draws nigh, and the skew mind
    Cuts capers like a happy haversine.

    I see the eigenvalue in thine eye,
    I hear the tender tensor in thy sigh.
    Bernoulli would have been content to die,
    Had he but known such a^2 cos 2 \phi!

    --
    Prove anything by multiplying Huge Number times Tiny Number
  81. Amateurs. We Are Cyborgs. by Bob9113 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Susan Schneider, a professor of philosophy at the University of Connecticut, joins a handful of astronomers, including Seth Shostak, director of NASA's Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, NASA Astrobiologist Paul Davies, and Library of Congress Chair in Astrobiology Stephen Dick in espousing the view that the dominant intelligence in the cosmos is probably artificial.

    You know, my mechanical engineer friend had some really good suggestions about the appendix surgery I was planning to get. Perhaps I should let him make the call instead of the surgeon. Oh, wait, no, that would be stupid.

    Notice how there aren't any artificial intelligence researchers on that list? They are no more qualified to discuss artificial intelligence than a mechanical engineer is to discuss surgery. Better than my dog, to be sure, but not good enough to take their word for it.

    I am an artficial intelligence researcher. We are cyborgs, ever more tightly coupled to the increasingly intelligent machines -- like our smart phones -- that house ever more of our memory, our social circles, and our emotional artifacts. Whatever it is that makes us who we are, increasingly, is coupled to our machines. And we will continue to be cyborgs, with an increasing share of our consciousness handed off to the machines onto which we smear our selves.

    It will not be us versus them. We are them.

    1. Re:Amateurs. We Are Cyborgs. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And we will continue to be cyborgs, with an increasing share of our consciousness handed off to the machines onto which we smear our selves.

      No, you can't "hand off" your consciousness. At least not until you figure out what the physical basis of consciousness is then physically transplant it. Consciousness is the YOU that experiences existence, it is not an abstraction though it experiences abstractions, it is physical.

      Yes; we can hand off more and more of our mental processing to machinery, but the machinery will never experience any of it, that will be what we still need our brain interface for in the end.

  82. Idiots speaking on AI... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Idiots... idiots everywhere.

    AI is not even at the level on a retard, not even animal, neither even a fly. AI is "great" only because of people who program it putting encoding their knowledge and experience in it. AI is just a machine only as good as its creator. It will never be "superintelligent", or whatever buzzword you use. AI is dumb. Even these created with neuron networks. They are all totally dumb and can achieve only the level we are able to teach them.

    Stop this AI bullshit already. Magical thinking at its finest...

  83. they would decide our fate in a microsecond by leftistconservative · · Score: 1

    they would!

  84. Thoughts on TFA by paulxnuke · · Score: 2

    The most we can honestly say about artificial intelligence is that we have so utterly no idea what it is that it might be possible. Of course, we have no computing paradigm for it either, so that's on the TODO list as well, when and if the raw power becomes available.

    I honestly hadn't considered that something could be considered intelligent without being conscious, given that we have no applicable definition of "consciousness" either. I understand that many researchers fear loss of all funding if the real state of their field becomes widely known, and I'm onboard with that since I think the research is worthwhile even if it's beyond the congresscritters. I won't pretend that it has accomplished much as yet, though: as I've said before, we're a heck of a lot closer to building a warp drive than than a conscious computer.

    If we encountered a "superintelligence" that did not display consciousness, would we be justified in treating it as a machine to be used and turned off rather than a lifeform to be talked with? Even if it could talk, in a sense beyond a fancy shell or an Eliza bot? Could such a thing come into existence on its own? An organism descended from an alien race that uploaded itself doesn't really count, to my mind, but it seems by far the most likely case.

    I could agree that such intelligences wouldn't be very interested in us. Earth has too much gravity and oxygen just causes rust; all asteroids lack are organics they probably don't need anyway, and heavy metals are much easier to reach on an asteroid. Given a reasonable power source other than a star, they'd be better off living in interstellar space where no one is likely bother them.

    1. Re:Thoughts on TFA by shaitand · · Score: 1

      'I honestly hadn't considered that something could be considered intelligent without being conscious, given that we have no applicable definition of "consciousness" either.'

      Easy, conciousness is having the capacity to comprehend patterns larger than those you can directly analyze. The result is that you can perceive patterns that only exist from a limited frame of reference. Self is a pattern that only exists from the limited frame of reference. From a larger frame of reference any definition of self is nothing more than a swirl in a giant sea of the same stuff.

    2. Re:Thoughts on TFA by strikethree · · Score: 1

      Given a reasonable power source other than a star, they'd be better off living in interstellar space where no one is likely bother them.

      Actually, a nebula would be the best place for such a "species" to congregate. There is plenty of raw material there and it does not take much work to gather it; unlike, say, an asteroid field or something where there are very large and hard chunks of discrete matter.

      Also, asteroids only form in gravity wells. A robotic species would surely prefer to "live" at the tops of, or outside of, gravity wells and swoop down into them only for things that are valuable.

      --
      "Someone needs to talk to the tree of liberty about its ghoulish drinking problem." by ohnocitizen
  85. What crap! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I wish scientists would stick to science and leave the fiction at home. We have found exactly zero evidence that life exists anywhere other than this planet and they are talking about what type of life is probably dominant? That's not putting the cart before the horse, it's putting the cart before the discovery of a horse.

    It's crap like this that makes people distrust anything scientists say. Yeah, you're intelligent, but you don't have the common sense to know that speaking as a scientist about aliens without evidence of them just makes you look like a tin-hat wearing loser who will believe anything as long as it's cool.

    I am in no way saying that I do not believe that life could exist out there. Just that without evidence that it actually does, speaking of what type is most common or most dominant is just absurd.

  86. Everyone has a theory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Must be nice to get paid for mental masturbation

  87. Code of the Lifemaker! by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Fun novel by James P Hogan about a sophisticated alien robotic space mining craft that gets damaged and crashes on Titan. It starts making defective replicating mining robots that eventually evolve into a medieval robot society.

    Can't believe I'm the first to mention it, but I'm probably just old.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    --
    Mostly random stuff.
  88. I hope you realize... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I hope you realize that all the speculations and conclusions here are no better than hers. We still have no examples of non-terrestrial life to use in reaching all these ostensibly-logical conclusions here.

    But what the heck? I'll throw my vote in for the microbes, i.e., the tiniest forms that can successfully replicate. Reason? They can evolve the fastest, and they require the smallest amount of raw materials to reproduce.

    Now get back to work on something productive that we might actually have to worry about!

    1. Re:I hope you realize... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And if such a thing burns ammonia, it burns++ regular fuels. With high efficiency. You hope your container walls don't melt.

    2. Re:I hope you realize... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As far as an internal combustion engine goes (unlike, say, a furnace or a turbine) a high compression ratio is also a way to preheat, and it really is the temperature and self ignition or self explosion that puts the limit on compression ratio and octane numbers in Otto, or spark plug explosion based engines, while in Diesel there is self ignition and no explosion. Liquid NH3 injected into a Diesel might combust just fine, and it may also have a high enough octane number to work in a high compression ratio Otto engine (the octane number dependent on cylinder materials possibly, also possibly improved by lack of carbon deposits.)

  89. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by The+Real+Dr+John · · Score: 2

    That is not a rebuttal to what I said. How about offering something more pertinent? Are you suggesting there are no significant differences between living organisms and robots? Can you explain what makes a living organism different from a robot? I can describe huge numbers of differences, but I can't say why one is alive and the other isn't. But the differences have been apparent to humans since before we started writing stuff down. If we found the universe populated with machines, that would be the dominant technology in the universe, not the dominant life form.

    --
    A brain is a terrible thing to waste... Mind? That's debatable.
  90. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No, robots are the only mechanical apparatus on Mars right now.
    How would they be dominant? What would they dominate?
    How are they a life-form?

  91. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They're animate. You're being obtuse in order to avoid understanding a very clear point. You prefer your fiction to his, BFD.

  92. Quotes from Superintelligent Robots by Slashdotgirl · · Score: 1

    Far far away in a distant galaxies, robots utter their famous quotes.

    1. "Pardon me for breathing, which I never do anyway so I don't know why I bother to say it, oh God, I'm so depressed. Here's another one of those self satisfied doors. Life!, Don't talk to me about life"
    2. "42"
    3. "Bite my shiny metal ass"

    Regards Slashdotgirl

    --
    The more I know, the less I know
  93. Necron Army by Lehk228 · · Score: 1

    Necron Army

    --
    Snowden and Manning are heroes.
  94. Bayesian Response by mbone · · Score: 1

    I have come to regard this as basically religious, so this is somewhat like arguing about conservation of mass in transubstantiation, but I have a thick skin.

    From what we know, carbon biologies last ~3 billion years or more, silicon biologies have so far 0 years behind them. Bayesians bet on carbon.

    By the way, anyone who thinks that robotic / silicon life wouldn't be biological, and wouldn't evolve, doesn't understand evolution. Evolution is like entropy in that you can't get out of the game.

  95. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 1

    Sure extrapolation is always risky, seems a far better to bet than going with super intelligent robots that don't exist at all on the only planet we know that has life on it.

    "Extrapolation" implies some sort of trend or data. You don't have a trend or even data; you have a single datum. On that basis, I don't think anything can really be said to be "a far better bet."

  96. No NASA SETI by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    NASA hasn't had a SETI program since congress cut the funding in 1993.
    Seth Shostak works for the SETI Institute, which is privately funded.

  97. Figure Out Electricity by neoshroom · · Score: 1

    Then lets assumed complex life did evolve on a planet... what if it's a ocean planet and they're aquatic? They're never going to figure out electricity, they can't even experiment with it.

    The superintelligent alien electric eel next to me has requested you amend your statement.

    --
    Big apple, new Yorik, undig it, something's unrotting in Edenmark.
    1. Re:Figure Out Electricity by PsychoSlashDot · · Score: 1

      Then lets assumed complex life did evolve on a planet... what if it's a ocean planet and they're aquatic? They're never going to figure out electricity, they can't even experiment with it.

      The superintelligent alien electric eel next to me has requested you amend your statement.

      I get your point, and it's a decent one, but in this context it's the same as suggesting an octopus would figure out the printing press because it's good with ink.

      --
      "Oh no... he found the .sig setting."
  98. Define "Artificial"? by Irate+Engineer · · Score: 1

    So the intelligent product of another form of intelligence is "artificial"? What if they created organic creatures with brains and hearts instead of cyborgs?

    If so, I really hope the dominant life form is Number Six from BSG myself.

    I, for one, welcome our frikkin' hot cylon overlords.

    --

    Left MS Windows for Linux Mint and never looked back!

    Vote for Bernie in 2016!

  99. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by confused+one · · Score: 2

    Define "life"

  100. Well, whew ... by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 0

    ... at least they don't believe in invisible sky gods for which we have no evidence. Because that, as all the cool kids know, would be crazy!

  101. DMT MACHINE ELVES by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ABSOLUTELY DEAD THEY SAID

  102. A distinction too far by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Artificial" does not necessarily imply "mechanical."

    It just means produced by artifice, not by natural processes.

    Imagine a fully biological entity, produced exactly to specification by entirely artificial means.

    Might even be better than mechanical artifice, at least as we can manage it at present.

  103. Things are looking up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why do you think they build official buildings with so many sets of stairs?

    Because women wear skirts and dresses. Are you blind, man?

  104. Lol by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Don't concern yourself. The GP has simply confused "dominance" with "head count."

  105. Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Even an artificial lifeform will eventually lose, but at least the constraints are freer so it can be designed to be more resistant to decay.

    There's no reason for an artificial life form to lose until it runs out of energy, access to raw materials or the ability to produce parts from them, or it is reduced to something unable to maintain itself by accident.

    When parts can be swapped and all information can be backed up and restored, not to mention restored automatically in the case of a catastrophic failure, all you need is sufficient redundancy and maintenance of the appropriate manufacturing base and you're set. No reason for any part on a millions-of-years-old intelligent machine to be any older individually than a few years, yet the machine would continue to develop as an expression of intelligent evaluation of the sum of all of its experiences.

    Just as some of your cells are automatically replaced (but you remain you), that strategy can be extended to create an open ended lifespan for a mechanical. We may, at some point, be able to do that with our own biology, but that remains to be seen. Mechanicals are just easier. Our evolved design, as it stands now, isn't really well suited to ease of maintenance and repair.

    --fyngyrz (anon due to mod points.)

  106. i disagree by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If superintelligent robots ever evolved, wouldnt they likely send nanotech spores and/or hi-g spacecraft throughout the galaxy, to provide all their tech knowledge to other sites where biolife may be ready to start the ai evolution process? oh, and also set up millions of repeater stations to broadcast or even narrowcast radio waves wiht their knowledge? if so, why havent we seen them? similar to the time travel problem: if it was ever invented, we would have made contact with a time traveller by now.

  107. artificial? by lonecrow · · Score: 1

    I think maybe these philosophers have not done enough LSD. What does artificial really mean in this context? Are clams artificial because enzymes make their shells from minerals found in the environment? A collection of "Lower" intelligent entities making larger more complex creatures with "higher" intelligence has been going on since the slime molds right? Here on earth robots will just be the enzymes within the larger connected organism of our planet. Differentiating between mostly carbon, and mostly...polymer, steel, copper, etc makes little sense.

    Life on earth has been about one part of the earth turning other parts of the earth into more of itself. This boundary of Natural vs. Artificial sounds like something people are supposed to get over by at least grade 9 isn't it?

  108. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    How are you concluding that robots are the dominant life form on Mars? Being that they are not intelligent I see little reason to anoint them as the dominant life form any more than I would consider rocks the dominant life form there.

    Currently robots are complex contraptions, in the same sense that a lever system or a water wheel is a contraption. We have designed them to do things that we wish, and come to results and actions that we have instructed. Robots are abundant, sure, but they are not dominant nor is there any indication at present that they will become intelligent. We can advance robots to mimic the thought processes that we ourselves have, but we have no idea of how to create true A.I. at the presently.

    If you apply the same extrapolation to what's happening here on earth right now, you actually wind up with humans as the dominant life form and robots merely our devices with which we enforce that dominance. Here's a hint: Who's orders are the robots on Mars following?

  109. Re:And the scientific evidence for this conclusion by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 1

    Yes, if you substitute one belief for another you greatly change the outcome of the extrapolation. "I beleive AI will never exist so that won't happen." Thanks for supporting my point that this sort of extrapolation is not science.

    --

    "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

  110. They're Toast by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Hasn't Star Trek covered this, umm, about umpteen million times? Just do what Kirk did, throw a contradiction at 'em. They'll self destruct and WE SHALL RULE.

  111. Dominant Art Form Is Probably Science Fiction. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This just shows our limited understanding of the 'cosmos.' We are more likely to nuke ourselves back to the stone age than progress down this path. The Cosmos surely consists of higher life forms that have long since evolved beyond our highly primitive conciousness, not to mention the natural order that lies within it.

  112. Shelbots by david999 · · Score: 0

    They are Shelbots

  113. Don't underestimate natural selection by arvindsg · · Score: 1

    There are stark differences in stability of an engineered product and product(animal or any other species) created via natural selection.
    Engineered products almost always deteriorate when environment changes from the design parameters, often with a completely unplanned behavior.
    Natural selection takes up long time to build its product . The product is well tested under a large set of environment conditions at a scale much much larger than an engineered product. After evolution has had long enough time to operate a natural evolved species will respond to any change in environment by changing its behavior in a nearly optimal direction.Further each production is kept a bit different from each other further reducing the risk of universal destruction to a any single random fluctuation.

    Based on this an artificial species may although be able to defeat and destroy an intelligent naturally selected species, but after that it may itself deteriorate as soon as first few variations from its design parameters. Consider a solar storm, what good would a super intelligent software do if the processor itself is misbehaving, while at-least some humans are likely to survive.

    Hence forgive me but i sure do not welcome artificial alien overloads, they are just a bubble.

  114. The problem: no motivation by fredrated · · Score: 1

    People are motivated by feelings and urges. Without these the AI will do nothing it wasn't directly programmed for.
    For example, even if it concludes people are a threat to it's existence it will do nothing, because it does not have the urge to self-preservation.

  115. Re:Well, duh - DUH !!! by lucien86 · · Score: 1

    You're an idiot. Ultimately reductio-ad-absurdum if you create an atomically perfect simulation of a human brain then you are telling me that it will still not be conscious? Apply that logic in reverse and it merely proves that humans cannot be conscious either.. In reality you are a complete non-expert in the field and speaking from a deep well of ignorance.

    Ironically part of the maths of Strong AI solves the imaginary mass calculation problem - proving that it is NOT impossible for massed objects to travel faster than light.. all it requires is a superposition of positive and negative mass that adds up to zero.

    WHEN SOMEONE TELLS YOU SOMETHING IS IMPOSSIBLE BEYOND ALL DOUBT WITHOUT ANY PROOF TO BACK IT UP, THEY ARE USUALLY WRONG.

    --
    Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
  116. Re:Well, duh - DUH !!! by catmistake · · Score: 1

    I'm going to assume you have more, and a much better education than I do, and that you're just a little smarter than me (because I know how smart I am and the likelihood of anyone being smarter).

    if you create an atomically perfect simulation of a human brain then you are telling me that it will still not be conscious?

    Exactly. Let me make it clear. YES, THAT's WHAT I, AND PHILOSOPHERS OF MIND, AND COMPUTER SCIENTISTS (i.e. not "programmers" or "techies") ARE TELLING YOU.

    I'm not going to give you citations. I'm only going to attempt to show you the petitio principii fallacy you're making, if you believe, and believe strongly, the opposite (which you obviously do, strongly, and think you can't possibly be wrong. But you are, sorry.).

    You're assuming that mind is merely its physical constituents, and that synthetic duplication is possible for anything if even subatomic duplication were possible, when that isn't shown to be true. So really, that's two instances of the same fallacy. But first of all, there was this guy Heisenberg... etc... so your dreams of supreme technology are flawed. There's a limit to what will ever be possible, and what you propose, on its face, will never be possible (re: atomic-level duplication yada yada vapopsychoware and handwaving the existence human consciousness). And second of all, no matter how many subscribe to the computational theory of mind, it is flawed, and has been left behind by all serious academics about 20 years ago... including its strongest proponant, Putnam! We may someday figure out mind... but assuming we will do so by examing matter and whatever you throw at this... is a huge unknown. Then to assume its possible to duplicate mind... when we don't fully understand what mind/consciousness (externally) is... other than some weird effect of living brain.... again, is, upon the loose foundation that we may understand mind someday, to build this further belief that we can then synthtically create it... well... you're really a dreamer. A double-dreamer. That's good. But the limit, unfortunately, is that... StrongAI, true synthetic consciousness... not actually obtainable, again, unfortunately. Its analagous to magnets and coiled wire... and electricity... as mind/consciousness is an effect of living brain, so current is an effect of taking this stuff and moving it around in a certain way. The trouble is the living brain part... unless your simulator has some of that, its not going to get to consciousness... and if there is some real counterexample out there, of something dead, becoming alive.... I'd like to hear it. Once you get your head around Searle's Chinese Room, you realize its game over for the Reductionists, at least in "Mind," they're still pretty useful in Physics, Chemistry... etc.

  117. Robot Jokes by DarthVain · · Score: 1

    Somewhere there is a super intelligent robot making jokes about our 3D printer inadequacy and size...