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'Star In a Jar' Fusion Reactor Works, Promises Infinite Energy (space.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Space.com: For several decades now, scientists from around the world have been pursuing a ridiculously ambitious goal: They hope to develop a nuclear fusion reactor that would generate energy in the same manner as the sun and other stars, but down here on Earth. Incorporated into terrestrial power plants, this "star in a jar" technology would essentially provide Earth with limitless clean energy, forever. And according to new reports out of Europe this week, we just took another big step toward making it happen. In a study published in the latest edition of the journal Nature Communications, researchers confirmed that Germany's Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) fusion energy device is on track and working as planned. The space-age system, known as a stellerator, generated its first batch of hydrogen plasma when it was first fired up earlier this year. The new tests basically give scientists the green light to proceed to the next stage of the process. It works like this: Unlike a traditional fission reactor, which splits atoms of heavy elements to generate energy, a fusion reactor works by fusing the nuclei of lighter atoms into heavier atoms. The process releases massive amounts of energy and produces no radioactive waste. The "fuel" used in a fusion reactor is simple hydrogen, which can be extracted from water. The W7-X device confines the plasma within magnetic fields generated by superconducting coils cooled down to near absolute zero. The plasma -- at temperatures upwards of 80 million degrees Celsius -- never comes into contact with the walls of the containment chamber. Neat trick, that. David Gates, principal research physicist for the advanced projects division of PPPL, leads the agency's collaborative efforts in regard to the W7-X project. In an email exchange from his offices at Princeton, Gates said the latest tests verify that the W7-X magnetic "cage" is working as planned. "This lays the groundwork for the exciting high-performance plasma operations expected in the near future," Gates said.

431 comments

  1. Reads Like An Ad by Koby77 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Is this an advertisement to invest in yet another unlimited free energy scam? Wake me up when some progress occurs.

    1. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Nah, reads like the usual drivel produced by pop-sci "journalism" for any remotely complex topic.

    2. Re:Reads Like An Ad by meerling · · Score: 5, Informative

      There are other articles on other science sites that read better. This particular fusion system is a stellerator, a type that is currently looking to be the best of our experimental fusion systems for several reasons, not the least of which is that it doesn't have the same leakage and containment vessel damage, a huge problem with tokamaks.
      Of course saying unlimited or infinite energy are just hyperbole, though it would have a lot of advantages over normal power generation methods.

    3. Re:Reads Like An Ad by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      This particular fusion system is a stellerator, a type that is currently looking to be the best of our experimental fusion systems for several reasons, not the least of which is that it doesn't have the same leakage and containment vessel damage, a huge problem with tokamaks.

      I'm in my 50s, and I've been hearing that practical fusion generators were only 10-15 years off since I was a little nerdling. Then in college we were hearing how tokamaks were likely to solve all the problems inherent with stellarator designs. Now we're back to the future, I guess.

      Fusion reactors would be great; but It sure doesn't seem like they've made much real progress at all over the past several decades.

      --
      #DeleteChrome
    4. Re:Reads Like An Ad by thegarbz · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Fusion reactors would be great; but It sure doesn't seem like they've made much real progress at all over the past several decades.

      Identifying ways things don't work is still progress when it comes to research. Saying that not much real progress has been made just means you're not actually paying attention to it in anything other than some occasional Slashdot post or the first paragraph of a newspaper article.

    5. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Any sufficiently tabloid journalism is indistinguishable from advertising

    6. Re:Reads Like An Ad by jimtheowl · · Score: 1

      Had we invested money in this type of research instead of war for oil, we could have done a lot more a lot faster. Yes it has taken a lot more time than some expected. The same goes with moon bases and flying cars.

      Fusion is still farther away than 10-15 years, probably further than 50.

      The point and what matters here is that we are seeing progress now (with concepts that date back to the 50s).

    7. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If wishes were horses everyone would ride.

      It's amazing how well things promise.

    8. Re:Reads Like An Ad by jimtheowl · · Score: 1

      Its not about listening to others promises and whine when they don't come true.

      Its about the ability to read, study and form your own opinions based on reason.

    9. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've been following fusion research for decades. While it's interesting, they have never been able to scale it up to generate any significant amount of electricity.

      It's because they can't and they never will - fusion is not useful energy for power generation unless it's the size of a star and you're collecting photons on a PV panel.

      Would be better to focus on other technology for terrestrial power generation. There are more practical means and achievable today.

    10. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      It sure doesn't seem like they've made much real progress at all over the past several decades.

      So .... basically you haven't been paying attention.

      --
      No sig today...
    11. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They haven't.

      They won't either. *insert solar/wind propaganda*

      Mainly the cost is never going to be affordable. That's the thing with certain kinds of electronics. What happens when "the star in a jar" falls over. Is it like Rick and Morty and you have to kickstart the tiny universe in the jar? Or is it more like a self-containing reaction that if you crack the jar you end up with a 15 meter crater when it's exposed to oxygen?

      It's like re-inventing the CRT tube. For 50 years the just improved until something better came along (LCD) and then what we are left with are LCD's that do not have the high-frequency, zero-latency experience that you need for CRT-based games like arcade machines and 8/16-bit console/computers like the NES/SNES/Amiga/SegaMasterSystem/MegaDrive and such. At some point you have to throw in the towel and go "it's too much of an edge case to reinvent the CRT, let's see if we can make LCD's less shitty instead"

      So let's quit pretending that cold-fusion is ever going to be a thing, maybe even give up on various hot-fusion projects (why haven't we gotten anywhere with those?) and just pave over useless parts of the planet with solar panels instead. That will solve global warming at the same time by absorbing that energy instead of letting the atmosphere soak it up, hell maybe every solar panel can be equipped with a a diamond carbon-compressor so that it leaves diamonds as a "waste" product.

    12. Re:Reads Like An Ad by thegarbz · · Score: 2, Informative

      Is this an advertisement to invest in yet another unlimited free energy scam? Wake me up when some progress occurs.

      Yes it is an advertisement, you can buy one of these off the shelf next week.
      And Yes it is a scam. because all prestigious research institutes do nothing but produce free energy scams.
      And Yes confirmation that the physical device matches theoretical modelling is not "progress" either.

      Maybe we should do an academic study on how using the word fusion makes people's brains devolve to a state of uneducated retardedness.

    13. Re:Reads Like An Ad by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I'm in my 50s, and I've been hearing that practical fusion generators were only 10-15 years off since I was a little nerdling

      There was an article a few years back that put these in perspective. They pointed out that N years in the future really means $M dollars more spending in the future and that these predictions have been quite consistent: if we'd kept funding at the anticipated rate in the '60s, we might have working fusion already.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    14. Re:Reads Like An Ad by coastwalker · · Score: 2, Interesting

      And does nothing to dispel the belief that fusion is fifty years in the future. And it has been fifty years in the future for the last fifty years. Given the recent success of renewables and advancing battery and storage technology, fusion is unlikely to ever see the light of day. The funding will soon be diverted into military spending for the coming global war between populist fascist states in any case. Who needs science and experts when there is a war against immigrants and foreigners to be fought.

      --
      Facts are history now plebs have politics for religion on social media.
    15. Re:Reads Like An Ad by geekmux · · Score: 1

      Is this an advertisement to invest in yet another unlimited free energy scam? Wake me up when some progress occurs.

      Unlimited energy sources imply that current sources of energy would be made irrelevant. While you're jumping up and down over the concept of this actually working, I'll still be asleep waiting for a greedy capitalistic society to accept it, for THAT is the real challenge we face with any technology like this.

      Greed has withstood the sands of time, along with all of the pain and suffering it has brought to humanity. That is a disease that is not easily cured.

    16. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Bongo · · Score: 1

      Indeed. Here's my prediction for the future: it won't work, until it does.

      And didn't Edison quip something about, I just discovered 10,000 ways not to invent the electric light bulb...

    17. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Bongo · · Score: 1

      I think you misunderstand the concept of "greed". First, it is a concept, not an ontological entity. Second, as a concept dreamt up by humans, it served some purpose in how we model the world around us and our relationship to others. Third, those models may have been useful 4000 years ago, and 2000, and maybe 200 years ago, but one day they will no longer be useful. Fourth, just consider that the average wealth and amenities available to you today, would only be available to kings in previous generations. Cotton, for example, used to be a luxury material. And as for electricity, we used to do that with slaves. So no, greed isn't the cause of human suffering. And some maintain, for example, your more Tibetan Buddhists, that all is perfect anyway, and it is our rejection of life that is the cause of suffering, not whether you are driving an SUV or having to walk 5 miles to fetch water. So here's a general idea: our continuing technical advancements, which are an expression of our human creativity, a creativity which emerged out of Nature's continuing evolution, is an endless process, an endless change and transformation, and when we as humans invent something new, that's Nature exploring (blindly) new possibilities. And that's fine. "Greed" as a concept was one such invented notion which served a purpose. But it ain't got much to do with the cause of suffering, as understood by the highest levels of Buddhist thought. And, caveat, greed and its renunciation are practices which some people do feel they want to engage in, and that's fine for them, that's known as the path of renunciation. But humanity as a whole need not imagine itself in such limiting models, because there is also, if we want to look at this in moral or ethical terms, there is also the path of transformation and the path of natural perfection which is no path at all. As it were. Anyway, most of our progress has led to a reduction in physical and emotional suffering (you don't have to be a slave, you don't have to die of some insect bite whilst hunting) and the "suffering" we experience today is of a more rarefied quality. It is more psychological. And "renunciation" and calling people greedy, actually can increase that psychological suffering, and that's not necessary. Quite simply, if birds have the capcity to build nests, and humans have the capacity to build cities powered by fusion, that's fine with nature, and the more time we have to sit around being ourselves, the more time we can relax and yeah, not feel the need to be "greedy". So it all works out eventually.

    18. Re:Reads Like An Ad by amiga3D · · Score: 1

      You can't really say it never will work as we don't know enough about it yet. In any case though it will most likely never work this century. Maybe in the 22nd.

    19. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Rei · · Score: 4, Informative

      Summary dumbed down to the level needed for a six year old to understand it.

      It's written as if people here have never heard of fusion before.

      --
      Sometimes I doubt your commitment to Sparkle Motion.
    20. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Everyone here who is old enough knows about Mr. Fusion. It powers Doc Brown's car and it works on beer and banana peels. Duh.

    21. Re:Reads Like An Ad by rbrander · · Score: 2

      Given what? "Renewables" do not provide base load.

      The "battery advances" are exciting for cars, but not for letting a 3 GW wind farm act like a 1 GW base-load power plant. That would take a million PowerWalls. literally.

    22. Re:Reads Like An Ad by skids · · Score: 1

      Yeah pretty much it'll be a long time yet through many failures and partial successes, and then once it's working, not as long a time before the working design gets refactored down to something facepalmingly less complicated.

      But for those of you who have not yet seen pictures of the stellarator design, they are worth viewing, if only as really interesting abstract art.

    23. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I believe we already have. QED.

    24. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Greed is like how you are hoarding your paragraph returns.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    25. Re:Reads Like An Ad by khelms · · Score: 5, Funny

      "fusion is unlikely to ever see the light of day."

      Was that a pun?

    26. Re:Reads Like An Ad by rasmusbr · · Score: 2

      Given what? "Renewables" do not provide base load.

      The "battery advances" are exciting for cars, but not for letting a 3 GW wind farm act like a 1 GW base-load power plant. That would take a million PowerWalls. literally.

      Yeah and that's not eve the big problem. The big problem is getting a solar farm on high (or low) latitudes to deliver power in late winter. Forget about batteries. We're going to need something like a huge underground lake filled with diesel. One of those for each solar farm.

      Intermittent power sources really call for a global electric grid with near-zero power loss. Anything short of that will probably never be good enough to completely replace fossil and nuclear power at high latitudes.

      It's 2016. Where is my affordable room temperature superconducting wire?

    27. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Gavagai80 · · Score: 1

      A global electric grid with 50% power loss would work fine given that the power is generated cheaply enough at the source. It's the global electric grid part that's the problem. We don't even really have a national electric grid in the USA.

      --
      This space intentionally left blank
    28. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Kjella · · Score: 1

      It's because they can't and they never will - fusion is not useful energy for power generation unless it's the size of a star and you're collecting photons on a PV panel.

      Why? Even a 130 kg warhead can create lots of surplus energy. The problem is rather the exact opposite that even the smallest fusion reaction is already too powerful to handle and rips everything apart. If you look at Hiroshima that looks pretty "unmanageable" too but we managed to go from a bomb to a controlled power positive nuclear reactor in ~6 years from 1945 to EBR-I in 1951. So far it's been 64 years and counting since Ivy Mike in 1952 and we still can't do controlled, sustained fusion of any form. That's the core problem, once you have a working fusion reaction it'd take almost nothing to make it net positive in power.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    29. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You don't need to do a study. The Hypothesis of Uneducated Retardedness (HOUR) was elevated to a theory by the election (TOUR). It's reproducability and utter lack of counterexample we've seen since early November puts it on par with gravity now.

    30. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Miamicanes · · Score: 3, Insightful

      We *already* have the tech to flawlessly replace CRTs with no compromises besides sacrificing flatness & light weight: bright OLED light engines projecting onto much larger screens. Think: DLP or LCoS-type RPTVs, but with a 10-20" OLED projection source instead of a 2" chip that either reflects or filters light from a bright halogen bulb.

      There's also FED, which literally EVERYONE circa 1995 expected to be the next core display technology (basically, take a sheet of r/g/b phosphor-coated glass, then put a solid-state electron emitter behind each subpixel (so that instead of having one powerful electron beam that sequentially refreshes row by row, column by column, you have a few MILLION weak (but individually-addressable & continuous) electron beams. FED's main drawback is energy use... it draws as much power as a comparable CRT, so it's unsuitable for portable devices.

      LCDs are truly a technology that *nobody* seriously expected to become dominant for anything besides laptop displays, precisely because they suck so badly at things that CRTs (and 3-laser DLP, and FED, and projected OLED) can all do well, at the trade-off of maybe a foot or two in depth, or a few hundred watts of power draw.

      Personally, I'm keeping my kick-ass 3-laser DLP TV until 120fps finally kills it (even if it can't do "4k", a suitable scaler allows 3840x2160 to be scaled down to high-bandwidth uncompressed 1920x1080 that will look 98% as good as 'true' 4k, because TODAY's "1080i" is now compresed to the point where it's achieving less than HALF its theoretical potential. Just compare the picture quality you get from a 20 year old CRT displaying 720p60 content through a scaler via s-video to the PQ that SAME TV used to have with broadcast TV. The difference? 20 years ago, it was displaying a video source with ~3-5MHz bandwidth. Now, it's scaling a video source with 45MHz bandwidth (720p60) down to maxed-out s-video's ~12MHz of bandwidth (~16MHz, if you hacked the tuner to take component video 480i60). Basically, compressed "4k" TV ends up having as much/little REAL detail & PQ as fully maxed-out balls-to-the-wall ~50mbps 1080i60 does (BROADCAST 1080i60 is limited to 20mbps, but HDMI 2.0 can deliver raw 4:4:4 RGB at more than twice that rate without breaking a sweat.

    31. Re:Reads Like An Ad by currently_awake · · Score: 2

      Battery options: 1-convert electricity to heat, store in molten salt, use steam engine connected to generator to extract. 2-Convert electricity to ethanol, run ethanol engine connected to generator to extract (possibly in your car). 3-Pump water into mountain reservoir, run hydro-electric generator to extract. Finding a way to store power is a solved engineering problem. Convincing politicians to ignore fossil fuel industry lobbyists is still unsolved.

    32. Re:Reads Like An Ad by amorsen · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Fusion bombs aren't really fusion bombs. They use fusion as a neutron generator, but the majority of the energy comes from fission, triggered by all those neutrons. Fusion as a neutron generator can be relatively easily done in a lab, for non-bomb purposes.

      Truly energy-producing fusion is not available even in bombs.

      --
      Finally! A year of moderation! Ready for 2019?
    33. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Go die in a fire, you textwalling faggot.

    34. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >I think you misunderstand the concept of "greed"
      >But it ain't got much to do with the cause of suffering, as understood by the highest levels of Buddhist thought.

      Greed is the cause of most, if not all, 'Tragedy of the Commons'. If you think pollution, over fishing to the point of extinction/starvation, or melamine in the milk, causes no suffering, then I would have to state.

      I think you misunderstand the concept of "suffering"

    35. Re:Reads Like An Ad by thegarbz · · Score: 2

      Would be better to focus on other technology for terrestrial power generation

      This electricity thing will never work. Would be better to focus on other technology to improve lanterns.

    36. Re:Reads Like An Ad by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Truly energy-producing fusion is not available even in bombs.

      Sure it is. The fusion components of boosted and multi-stage bombs produce lots of energy. In two or three stage devices that use inert tampers fusion produces the vast amount of energy.

      The earliest known incidence of a three-stage device being tested, with the third stage, called the tertiary, being ignited by the secondary, was May 27, 1956 in the Bassoon device. This device was tested in the Zuni shot of Operation Redwing. This shot used non fissionable tampers; an inert substitute material such as tungsten or lead was used. Its yield was 3.5 megatons, 85% fusion and only 15% fission.

      The public records for devices that produced the highest proportion of their yield via fusion-only reactions are the Peaceful nuclear explosions of the 1970s, with the 3 detonations that excavated part of Pechora–Kama Canal, being cited as 98% fusion each in the Taiga test's 15 kiloton explosive yield devices, that is, a total fission fraction of 0.3 kilotons in a 15 kt device.[35] The 50 megaton Tsar Bomba at 97% fusion,[36] the 9.3 megaton Hardtack Poplar test at 95.2%,[37] and the 4.5 megaton Redwing Navajo test at 95% fusion.[38]

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    37. Re:Reads Like An Ad by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      We're considerably ahead of where 60s and 70s era fusion projections put us, given the rate of funding. It's just that we've funded fusion research at considerably less than the worst case scenario back then.

    38. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Reminds me of Linux on the desktop.

    39. Re:Reads Like An Ad by cheesybagel · · Score: 2

      You got that backwards. Fusions bombs use a fission trigger which generates enough neutrons to ignite the D-T. Typically most of the energy in a fusion bomb, at least in a Teller-Ulam design, comes from fusion. Unless the design is flawed somehow.

      There are other ways to generate the neutrons to ignite the D-T. The ignition of the fuel has never feel the problem, the problem is how to contain the burning plasma at enough density in a steady state configuration.

    40. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Reading the summary I'm thinking .. what is this? Fusion 101? /. Readers know what fusion is, the basic idea behind it, and if science cracks the "fusion on earth" nut it might solve our carbon problem.

    41. Re:Reads Like An Ad by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      I don't know man. I suspect the materials aren't there and may not be for quite some time. Of course if we don't invest on projects which require the use of materials which sustain heavy neutron impacts, or better superconductors, the materials may never come to be.

    42. Re:Reads Like An Ad by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 2

      Indeed. Here's my prediction for the future: it won't work, until it does.

      And didn't Edison quip something about, I just discovered 10,000 ways not to invent the electric light bulb...

      And I believe Tesla replied, "If Edison had thought more clearly, he wouldn't have had to work so hard."

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    43. Re:Reads Like An Ad by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      Doesn't E=MC^2 still?
      So even if we have 100% efficient conversion of Mass to Energy you will still need mass to convert to energy... That we don't have infinite of.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    44. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes Edison did.

      The unspoken byline was: Then, like usual, I stole the design from someone else...

    45. Re:Reads Like An Ad by plopez · · Score: 2

      pump water into reservoirs. energy stored. (half joking)

      --
      putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    46. Re:Reads Like An Ad by lgw · · Score: 2

      Energy storage is making progress, though. It doesn't really matter the form it takes: chemical, thermal, kinetic, hydrogen, whatever: as long as progress keeps being made in energy storage, "renewables" (i.e., easy ways to tap fusion power) will eventually be practical for base load. Eventually.

      Today, however, solar + natural gas is quite practical, efficient, and clean, but it's exactly the wrong politics, just like modern fission. You can tell people don't really care about global warming, as ideological purity wins over practicality.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    47. Re:Reads Like An Ad by jimtheowl · · Score: 1

      I can't comment on heavy neutron impact and what role it plays here (maybe you can educate me) but this experiment is about containing high energy plasma for a long enough time to make fusion feasible. Because the topology of this device makes fluctuations in the plasma self correcting, we may not need better superconductors.

    48. Re:Reads Like An Ad by SuricouRaven · · Score: 1

      No, but we have enough to last a fairly reasonable amount of time. Couple billion years or so, before the sun goes boom.

    49. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Sique · · Score: 1

      Fusion is still farther away than 10-15 years, probably further than 50.

      Prediction is hard, especially about the future. So far, the contained fusion is not just an engineering problem, where we could predict how long it takes to solve it. It is so many little and big problems intertwined, that it might be working five years from now, because we just discover the missing part, or it might in 50 years still be an unsolved problem.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    50. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thank you AC for the hilarious ACC misquote! Seriously made my day :-)

    51. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Renewables produce 'base load' just fine. Solar/wind/waves all have a predictable year-average production. Use any production above average' to make hydrogen from water - which is trivially storable. So when production drops below average (sunset, or low wind) you burn hydrogen to make up for the deficit until the wind picks up again.

      Over large countries the wind doesn't stop everywhere at the same time, and the sun may be up elsewhere even if it isn't where you are.

      The need for base load is less than what we think too. Price energy higher when production is low, and you'll see people turning off unnecessary energy use for profit. Lots of energy can be stored in home hot water systems; heat water close to boiling (90 C) when energy is cheap, let it drop to 50 C or so when energy is expensive. Charge electric cars only when energy price is low - unless a full battery is needed asap.

    52. Re:Reads Like An Ad by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      No, you're missing the point. This thing is not even intended to generate energy but merely to study confined plasmas. Not the "best" by any potential for energy generation as things are at the present. What idiot wrote this summary, our fusion plants, if we *ever* have them, won't run on ordinary hydrogen as the sun does, the fuel in the sun hardly reacts at all. A cubic meter of the sun's core only has the energy output of a candle (though the sun has many such cubic meters!)

    53. Re:Reads Like An Ad by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Actually, IIUC, this device *is* intended to eventually generate more power than it requires to run. Just not much more. As you note, it's main purpose is research.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    54. Re:Reads Like An Ad by geekmux · · Score: 1

      Quite simply, if birds have the capcity to build nests, and humans have the capacity to build cities powered by fusion, that's fine with nature, and the more time we have to sit around being ourselves, the more time we can relax and yeah, not feel the need to be "greedy". So it all works out eventually.

      You might have noticed that birds have the capability to build enough of a nest to survive, because of a natural instinct to not need more than that.

      Now feel free to dismiss how the wealthy billionaires who own the city somehow will settle being birds in this dystopian future of yours where "all works out eventually".

      In your version of the future, you don't even see that large chasm between the 1% and the 99%, which continues to grow every single day. Talk about being blind to the more obvious problem brought upon by sheer unadulterated greed. We haven't ended slavery. We've conveniently relabeled it as welfare, which will continue well into the future, thanks to the wealthy elite who will maintain control.

      Comparing us to animals is illogical for many reasons. Greed is one of the more obvious ones.

    55. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Phaid · · Score: 1

      This actually exists.

    56. Re:Reads Like An Ad by rasmusbr · · Score: 1

      pump water into reservoirs. energy stored. (half joking)

      It might actually make sense for sparsely populated regions that have sufficient energy storage capacity in their existing dams to last them through winter. It could be a niche solution for Scandinavia and some other regions.

    57. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just because everything on social media is an ad, doesnt mean this article is an ad.
      It is a summary for a Nature Comms article with, I promise you, strong psychotropic art...

      Of course most replies here are at a stereotypical six year old's level of investment of intellect.

      This is precision German engineering leading to interesting development in fusion research.

      When Wendelstein goes "over unity" ** I want the name changed to Wendelstern.
      (Wendelstein = helix stone. Wendelstern = helix star)

      **Dog whistle to the those nay sayers whose #1 citation is Dr H. Simplson "in this household we observe the laws of physiques"

    58. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Tesla was always good for a cheap shot.

    59. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We're gonna need a citation on the "trivially storeable" hydrogen

    60. Re:Reads Like An Ad by TapeCutter · · Score: 1

      Yes, the wind/solar farm needs to use the existing "batteries" that so-called "base load" plants currently use to match the supply curve to the demand curve - namely hydro dams and gas turbines. Don't fall for the coal industry FUD that "base load" plants have some sort of magical advantage over renewables just because they produce a flat supply curve. The "advantage" doesn't exist in the real world for the simple reason that no city on Earth has a flat demand curve. A coal/nuke plant needs "batteries" just as much as a wind farm, which is why most nations have a national grid and a well regulated wholesale electricity market. Out of all the commercial methods of generating electricity, solar probably has the strongest advantage when trying to match its output to the demand curve of a modern city, this is due to the fact that peak air-conditioner demand normally coincides with peak solar output.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    61. Re:Reads Like An Ad by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      no, it won't produce energy, not a design goal. confinement and temperature with duration are.

    62. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      20 years ago, it was displaying a video source with ~3-5MHz bandwidth. Now, it's scaling a video source with 45MHz bandwidth (720p60) down to maxed-out s-video's ~12MHz of bandwidth (~16MHz, if you hacked the tuner to take component video 480i60). Basically, compressed "4k" TV ends up having as much/little REAL detail & PQ as fully maxed-out balls-to-the-wall ~50mbps 1080i60 does (BROADCAST 1080i60 is limited to 20mbps, but HDMI 2.0 can deliver raw 4:4:4 RGB at more than twice that rate without breaking a sweat.

      And that's why you need gold-plated Monster cables.

    63. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Clickbait featuring cleavage is rightfully described as 'dickbait.'

    64. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep. Go watch "The Man In the White Suit" (1951) to see what happens to those with technology that threatens the established order.

    65. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, you don't have to invent, when you're stealing everyone else's IP and passing it off as your own.

    66. Re:Reads Like An Ad by mcswell · · Score: 1

      "Now we're back to the future, I guess." Nonsense. If we were back to the future, we'd have our Mr. Fusion.

    67. Re: Reads Like An Ad by dickens · · Score: 1

      Like NYC ? You can stand across the valley from this thing and listen to it spin up on a hot summer afternoon when all the air conditioners in the city kick on : https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenheim-Gilboa_Hydroelectric_Power_Station

    68. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 1

      > if we'd kept funding at the anticipated rate in the '60s, we might have working fusion already

      This canard gets passed around in every thread on the topic. It is wrong. Period.

      The prediction in question was made in the 1970s when everyone was *absolutely sure* that the latest generation of designs would reach break even. These included, among others, MFTR and TFTR. The prediction, then, was that by developing production versions of these designs one would have a commercial machine, and you could make reasonable predictions on how much those would cost to develop.

      Except when they turned on TFTR, it didn't work. Instead, it exposed another group of previously unexpected problems. Some of these also applied to MFTR, which was then shut down shortly after (physical) completion. At that point it was clear that neither was a pattern for a commercial machine, and no one had any idea how much it would cost to fix it, let alone develop a commercial model from those fixes.

      ITER represents those fixes. The answer, then, is that it costs about 25 times as much as TFTR to get a machine that produces the results TFTR was supposed to - and that's assuming ITER doesn't fail. Applying the same scaling factors to ITER that they applied to TFTR means the production machines will cost on the order of hundreds of billions to develop.

      Meanwhile, in the last few decades the PV researchers, working on perhaps 1/100th the amount of investment, decreased the cost of PV about 200 times. If installed in sunny locations, like Nevada, it produces power for about 4 cents, making it (inflation adjusted) one of the cheapest forms of power in history. When faced with this reality, fusion supporters have retreated to various arguments about why you can't possibly use these sources for X and Y, in spite of people already using them for X and Y all over the world.

    69. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an Alaskan, nuclear power seems like a pretty good idea for the extreme latitudes. No one is really going to care if you irradiate some tundra. But wind is probably an option nearly any time of the year. Your battery comparisons are also disingenuous; energy storage at that scale is most often done with pumped water storage or perhaps flywheels. Let's try that analysis again shall we?

    70. Re:Reads Like An Ad by lonecrow · · Score: 1

      ok....Wake up! Some progress has occurred! The Stellerator has prepared its first batch of plasma and they can now proceed to the next step in testing. This is not an ad for a scam this is a real and exciting project. This is a respected 50+ year old institute funded by the EU and and the German Government.

      Your knee jerk cynicism may have helped you signal to someone that your old and wise, but it may also have signaled that you don't know wtf your talking about.

    71. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This particular fusion system is a stellerator, a type that is currently looking to be the best of our experimental fusion systems for several reasons, not the least of which is that it doesn't have the same leakage and containment vessel damage, a huge problem with tokamaks.

      I'm in my 50s, and I've been hearing that practical fusion generators were only 10-15 years off since I was a little nerdling. Then in college we were hearing how tokamaks were likely to solve all the problems inherent with stellarator designs. Now we're back to the future, I guess.

      Fusion reactors would be great; but It sure doesn't seem like they've made much real progress at all over the past several decades.

      I'm seventy. I did a paper on this back in 1972. Got a B. One thing I did learn. In the early 50's they had Project Sherwood: as in it "sure would" be nice if this works out! Those funny guys, if they are alive, are still waiting.

    72. Re:Reads Like An Ad by pabloesgalhardo · · Score: 1

      No, Max Planck Institute.

    73. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The device runs on hydrogen, the article runs on methane.

    74. Re:Reads Like An Ad by vandamme · · Score: 1

      can I buy a small version to use as a flashlight?

    75. Re:Reads Like An Ad by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Well, perhaps I'm thinking of another one, but I understood that a later version of the experiment using the same device was intended to achieve actual hydrogen fusion and that they were hoping to get slightly more than they required to run it.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    76. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is this an advertisement to invest in yet another unlimited free energy scam? Wake me up when some progress occurs.

      Unlimited energy sources imply that current sources of energy would be made irrelevant. While you're jumping up and down over the concept of this actually working, I'll still be asleep waiting for a greedy capitalistic society to accept it, for THAT is the real challenge we face with any technology like this.

      Greed has withstood the sands of time, along with all of the pain and suffering it has brought to humanity. That is a disease that is not easily cured.

      Hear, Hear. I would give you some mod points if I had them.

    77. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, as someone with solar panels on his house, I still need grid power. I could use a powerwall and be my own grid, but the electric car might need to be charged at a public charger if it is too cloudy here.

      The thing is that solar and wind would help to stabilize the voltage on the grid at far away locations. Even if they can make these fusion power plants cheaply, I still don't see the US getting more than 25 of them. That will leave a lot of distance between cities and the generator.

      Renewable energy can also help offset the daytime load increases.

    78. Re:Reads Like An Ad by WheezyJoe · · Score: 1

      Well... AFAIK the neutrons are not as important as temperature and pressure. The TU device takes uses X-rays resulting the from the fission and travelling at just about c to turn some substrate into plasma very quickly, which then expands very quickly to crush the DT fuel against a core of yet more U-235, which then ignites. Positioned between these two expanding and very hot things, the DT reaches the temp and pressure to overcome its repulsion forces and fuse, which releases lots and lots and lots of fast neutrons.

      Here is where things get really sick. The energy from fusion is actually, IIRC, only 10% by mass the energy released from fission. So, what's the point? Your bomb casing has a lot of common U-238, stuff that, unlike rare U-235, doesn't normally do anything but bounce "slow" neutrons back into the bomb casing (aka, a "tamper"). But the fusion reaction releases "fast" highly-energetic neutrons. When exposed to "fast" neutrons, the "inert" U-238 suddenly becomes fissionable... more bomb fuel, more yield. A lot more.

      This is what makes H-bombs of the TU design so ludicrous. The yield is practically limitless. In building the largest bomb ever, the Soviets could have produced a device yielding 100 megatons, but upon realizing that this would have destroyed the plane that carried it (among other consequences), they swapped out the U-238 tamper with inert Pb, reducing the yield to "only" 50 megatons, still the largest man-made nuclear explosion in history.

      The largest-yield bomb tested by the U.S. was Castle Bravo at 15 megatons, and this was by accident. The researchers misunderstood what lithium-7 would do in the fusion fuel when bombarded by fast neutrons, believing it to be, for all intents and purposes, inert. They were way wrong. Under high neutron bombardment, lithium-7 decays almost instantly into an alpha particle, a tritium nucleus, and another neutron; i.e., more bomb fuel. So, instead of the 8 megatons they expected, they got 15, and an unfortunate change in wind direction sent the fallout onto the inhabited Rongelap and Rongerik atolls, which had to be evacuated, as well as a Japanese fishing boat (ironically named Lucky Dragon No.5). Not a proud day for nuclear research.

      --
      Take it easy, Charlie, I've got an Angle...
    79. Re:Reads Like An Ad by haruchai · · Score: 1

      "We're going to need something like a huge underground lake filled with diesel. One of those for each solar farm."
      Solar power generation is quite predictable. Just use other power source for when it can't produce electricity.

      --
      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    80. Re: Reads Like An Ad by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep, definitely a click bait headline.

    81. Re:Reads Like An Ad by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      AFAIK the typical problem of a stellarator is that because of the confinement geometry it's less useful as a confinement testing device. You basically have to rebuild the stellarator to change the confinement geometry to any significant degree unlike in a tokamak. It also requires a lot of customized parts. Designing one is a headache. Make a mistake, the power output is crap, then you need to break it down and rebuilt it. That's why research on stellarators was mostly abandoned in favor of tokamaks. AFAIK to increase the plasma density you still need some kind of electromagnet even with a stellarator geometry.

    82. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Bongo · · Score: 1

      If the chasm continues to grow, how come there are 350 million middle class Chinese? [1] Where did they come from? And where did all the wealth of the American middle class originally come from? I am simply taking a longer time range/perspective. 2000 years ago, nobody could fly. Today, maybe a quarter of the world can afford to fly once. And alongside that, some can even afford to pay for a space trip. Now I'm not claiming it is all trickle down. We are individuals and social systems and it has to work both ways, healthy for the individual and healthy for the society (and when Americans can find some new party which can do that, good for them).

      What creates wealth is invention and ingenuity, specifically, inventing stuff of real worth, not just paper made-up worth. And there, it is human brains and education and a human drive for knowledge which drives things. And a lot of that looks like greed, but it isn't.

      So I'm not really talking about a few bankers. Remember the earlier poster was alluding to greed in the broad context of the "sands of time" and "humanity" and "suffering". Well that's a long time before bankers appeared in 1400 and something. And I'm saying, if you're going to look at that big picture, there are other factors: human ingenuity, human drives, some of which look like greed, but are natural drives for "more" of everything. And "slavery" today is nothing like "slavery" of centuries ago.

      No human mind can wake up in the morning and say, "I am stopping, I am complete, I want nothing and need nothing." Well, a few end up in a cave, like Sri Ramana Maharshi. They have to be spoon fed. They're effectively dead to the world. Some think that's a good thing. But for the 7 to 10 billion others, that's not how the mind works. The mind keeps going, keeps developing, keeps imagining new possibilities. Like how everyone moans about "greed". I'm saying, that idea is outdated. Think of something new. People have been moaning about greed for thousands of years, yet the "problem" is supposedly worse than ever. Well, maybe it is a misunderstanding of human nature.

      [1] I don't recall the exact figure, but it was some amazingly huge number.

    83. Re:Reads Like An Ad by Maritz · · Score: 1

      Sustained fusion that produces more power than it sucks in will be done in the next decade or so. It should have been done back in the 80s or 90s but the funding has reduced hugely from what it originally was. That's why we have this "always X in the future" trope in the first place. The funding has dropped asymptotically.

      --
      I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
    84. Re:Reads Like An Ad by lucien86 · · Score: 1

      If fusion power had been treated as a priority we would already have it today. However as it stands commercially viable working power plants are still twenty to forty years away.. Most of that isn't about further research though, its simply the time they take to build these huge reactors like ITER or DEMO. When it comes down to it the real problem is a lack of scale at the high end of steel fabrication - what fusion really needs are new advanced, super large steel foundries..

      --
      Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
    85. Re:Reads Like An Ad by sribe · · Score: 1

      It's written as if people here have never heard of fusion before.

      Plus, not a single word about how this system is different from any other... (It reads as though no one had ever before thought of the idea of magnetic containment...)

    86. Re:Reads Like An Ad by sribe · · Score: 1

      Of course saying unlimited or infinite energy are just hyperbole...

      Not to mention that, the waste heat from "unlimited" fusion would cook the earth ;-)

    87. Re:Reads Like An Ad by cwsumner · · Score: 1

      Would be better to focus on other technology for terrestrial power generation

      This electricity thing will never work. Would be better to focus on other technology to improve lanterns.

      Actually, they did. They were called "Mantle Lanterns" and were the basis of the so-called "gaslight era"
      Unlil about 10 years ago, they were still used for camping lanterns. Just as bright as an electric light! 8-)

    88. Re:Reads Like An Ad by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      here's IEEE spectrum article, says after current use of hydrogen then deuterium used for confinement testing, but no tritium will be added later as the intent of this particular reactor is not to produce break-even but to test stellarators as alternative to tokamaks.

      http://spectrum.ieee.org/energ...

  2. Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by backslashdot · · Score: 5, Interesting

    1. Tokamak -- has never underperformed models
    2. Stellarator -- appears like it will work.
    3. MagLIF -- Experiments are following model predictions.

    The reason why magnetic fusion doesn't work yet is because of the budget needed to build a large enough reactor.

    The reason laser fusion hasn't worked is because the models have been failing. Basically using a neodymium laser works in computer modeling but in real life it sucks. In fact a laser beam itself is too coherent.

    Anyway, we still have a track to fusion it is X number of years away because ITER was supposed to be built in 1984 and now it's scheduled for 2035 because of budget reasons. Tokamak has always worked as predicted or better.

    MagLIF is probably the easiest and cheapest route to fusion. Lockheed seems to have a good approach too.

    1. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So what's the energy cost of generating hydrogen to fuel the thing versus the output of the 'stellrator'. I'm betting about equal.

    2. Re: Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Other is breaking molecules and other is fusing atoms. Redo your math.

    3. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by ooloorie · · Score: 4, Informative

      Well, here is a quick calculation (I hope I'm not off too far). The tritium is bred from lithium, so essentially free. Deuterium is about $7/g and that yields about 100 MWh in fusion energy. To get the same amount of energy out of burning coal, you need about 50 tons, or about $2500 worth of coal.

    4. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The reason why magnetic fusion doesn't work yet is because of the budget needed to build a large enough reactor.

      The budget required is reducing with new reactor designs. MIT professor Dennis Whyte recently gave a talk on their plans for building a fusion reactor. See also a couple of other talks on MIT's ARC design and the smaller SPARC design.

    5. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Easy and cheap fusion" is a science fiction plot device, just like "atomic energy too cheap to meter" was when they started to peddle pressure cookers for boiling plutonium for nuclear bombs in the 50s. It hasn't happened, and it isn't happening.

    6. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're forgetting the cost of building the companion industries, the capital costs, the patent costs, the safety and non-proliferation costs, the cost to feed the ex-nuclear crooks that feed off the IAEA and the cleanup costs for the first few accidents. These will make the cost of 100 MWh just a little bit higher.

    7. Re: Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It's a good thing oil refineries don't require any capital investment.

    8. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Alain+Williams · · Score: 0

      The reason why magnetic fusion doesn't work yet is because of the budget needed to build a large enough reactor.

      Why should politicians invest in something that their friends who own arms factories or oil companies would not benefit? Anyway: you get a much quicker return on your money by invading a country like Iraq than you do investing in longer term clean energy.

    9. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by naasking · · Score: 1

      Focus fusion and Polywell are also promising, but underfunded.

    10. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by BlueStrat · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Anyway: you get a much quicker return on your money by invading a country like Iraq than you do investing in longer term clean energy.

      Yeah, I'm pissed off! Where's all the riches and oil we were supposed to get from Iraq after we invaded? The US got snookered on that deal. We went and invaded Iraq and everything, and all we got was a deficit increase!

      Or...maybe you're full of shit and spouting lies like a typical Leftist useful-idiot that is only capable of repeating the propaganda fed to you because you're too stupid or lazy to search out the truth yourself, or just so filled with hate and so caught up in your political/ideological pissing contest that truth doesn't matter, as long as you can *hurt* those you are told you're supposed to hate.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    11. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by KiloByte · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I'm pissed off! Where's all the riches and oil we were supposed to get from Iraq after we invaded? The US got snookered on that deal. We went and invaded Iraq and everything, and all we got was a deficit increase!

      If a company gets $1 when the taxpayers lose $1000, it's still pure profit.

      --
      The creatures outside looked from Alt-Right to Antifa; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
    12. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      While it's fine to quote prices, it's important to realize that the cost of it will go up once demand jumps.

    13. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by BlueStrat · · Score: 1

      If a company gets $1 when the taxpayers lose $1000, it's still pure profit.

      By that standard, every war by every nation that went to war would qualify. What makes the US the exception to be dumped on? What about Russia's invasions of Ukraine and Crimea?

      Such fickle and flexible 'standards'!

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    14. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by NotInHere · · Score: 1

      Saw the first talk, and its quite convincing.

      The idea is that new superconductors can have much higher field strengths and this in turn allows for smaller reactors, which are cheaper. I think they estimate ARC which should be able to generate net plus power to cost around $5 billion, and SPARC around a few hundred million.

    15. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Tokamak -- has never underperformed models

      Yes it has, continually. When the first results were released in the 1960s it was believed we would have working systems by the early 1980s using non-superconducting magnets. However, as the 3rd generation reactors arrived in the early 1980s it was clear they were dramatically underperforming predictions. Among the many problems were the banana instability and ballooning, various time-dependant resonant modes, a lack of mixing in the interior to reduce instabilities, diffusion rates across the fields that defied classical transport models, and many practical problems as well. Many of these were eventually addressed in the "advanced" models with non-circular plasma cross-sections, but this was at the cost of dramatically increasing the complexity and cost of the reactors. It is widely agreed that the tokamak is not a route to commercial power, ever.

      > Stellarator -- appears like it will work.

      If you defined "work" as "make plasma" then sure. If you define it as "net producer of power" the answer is "we have no idea". In spite of the continual releases of advertising like this one (and the other players, like Lockheed), X-7 is not even supposed to be such a device, it is purely experimental.

      3. MagLIF -- Experiments are following model predictions.

      MagLIF is a new approach with very little total research. The predictions aren't really worth much until they try to ramp.

      > 1 The reason why magnetic fusion doesn't work yet is because of the budget needed to build a large enough reactor

      Twaddle. You clearly have never read anything of the history of these devices. The entire history is filled with predictions that fusion would be easy, only to find there was some unforeseen problem that makes the concept much more difficult, or impossible. The "solution" you propose, more money, cannot overcome fundamental physical problems, and there have been hundreds of those discovered over the decades.

      All of this is an aside anyway, the probability that anyone will use fusion in the next 100 years is approximately zero. While discussions like this focus on the technical issue of whether it will work or not, that has almost nothing to do with whether it will be used commercially. *That* depends solely on its economics, and it is extremely clear that fusion will not ever be economically competitive with existing sources. Current predictions *by the nuclear industry* estimate that in the absolute best possible case, fusion power will cost twice as much as fission even after 50 years of in-commercial-use development (that is, at least 100 years from now).

      The problem is not so much fusion, or fission, it's that there are other forms of energy too. And while fusion reactor designs have increased in cost three or four orders of magnitude in the last 50 years, in that same period PV has decreased three orders of magnitude. Forget fusion and fission, a PV system is less expensive than *just the generation loop* in a Rankin cycle. Building a boiler, piping, turbine, generator and cooling system costs more than a PV system that generates the same amount of power. Even if your reactor is free, it's still more expensive. You can throw all the money in the world at that problem, it *will not be fixed*.

      https://matter2energy.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/why-fusion-will-never-happen/

    16. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > The tritium is bred from lithium, so essentially free

      The tritium is bred from Li7, not Li6. Li7 is about $180/kg. A design like DEMO needs 10,000 kg to startup. That alone is three times the cost of a wind farm with the same capacity.

    17. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      tu quoque

    18. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nope, wrong. Just a demand for equal standards and definitions.

      If one is guilty by that standard then all are guilty, therefor calling out only one is the definition of hypocrisy.

    19. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I'm pissed off! Where's all the riches and oil we were supposed to get from Iraq after we invaded?

      Not certain if you are poe-ing or not, since you seem to have an obsession with those left wingers you always rail about, but you have to forget the hearts and minds, and the WMD's, and the oil, and allowing some folks to believe that old Saddam was behind the twin tower attacks.

      That's all so many different things that it gets pretty complicated.

      Occam's razor cuts it down to the simplest and most credible reason. We were never going to get anything from the War in Iraq, or at least it didn't matter if we did. It was settling a Bush family score.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    20. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Focus fusion and Polywell are a complete dead end, and should receive zero funding outside of being a cheap neutron source.

      Fixed that for you.

      You polywell people are worse than space nutters.

    21. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by KiloByte · · Score: 1

      Russia attacks their own citizens and neighbour countries because this gives Putin and his cronies more power. The US does so because a campaign donor gets to profit. While both don't give a flying intercourse about cost-benefit for their populations (much less others), the motivation differs.

      --
      The creatures outside looked from Alt-Right to Antifa; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
    22. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      The problem is not so much fusion, or fission, it's that there are other forms of energy too. And while fusion reactor designs have increased in cost three or four orders of magnitude in the last 50 years, in that same period PV has decreased three orders of magnitude.

      So much this! And one interesting reason is that fusion/fission is relying on an old paradigm, that you have to generate a shitload of electricity at a centralized location, feed it through lossy lines and transformers, and it eventually arrives at your house. This involves a grid network of power generation and control, and all of the vulnerabilities thereof.

      My guess is that legacy power needs will start to flatten out and possibly even decrease, as the renewables allow more and more people to go off-grid. If you build a house in an area that isn't in a development already served by grid power, solar is already cheaper by a mile than paying for the Utility company to run a line of poles to your place.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    23. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Gavagai80 · · Score: 1

      Or...maybe you're full of shit and spouting lies like a typical Leftist useful-idiot that is only capable of repeating the propaganda fed to you because you're too stupid or lazy to search out the truth yourself, or just so filled with hate and so caught up in your political/ideological pissing contest that truth doesn't matter, as long as you can *hurt* those you are told you're supposed to hate.

      Googled it for you. Halliburton alone made $39.5 billion off the Iraq war. Does truth matter to you?

      --
      This space intentionally left blank
    24. Re: Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just a nit. We don't boil plutonium. We boil water using the heat from a plutonium "fire" and use the steam to turn a turbine to generate electricity.

      There are of course other types of "fire" and other ways to turn a turbine and even ways to generate electricity without a turbine but none involve boiling plutonium.

    25. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by BlueStrat · · Score: 1

      Googled it for you. Halliburton alone made $39.5 billion off the Iraq war. Does truth matter to you?

      How much have Russian companies who supply Russian military with goods and services profited from Russia's military aggressions? How much did British companies make from the Falklands conflict?

      Why is the US the only one ever called out?

      *THAT* is my point and what nobody will address.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    26. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by currently_awake · · Score: 1

      The Iraq war was not about oil, it was about protecting Saudi Arabia and ensuring they didn't get invaded by an expansionist Iraq looking to control the worlds oil supply.

    27. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      FF and Polywell are not also promising, they are promising. If either can be made to work, the concepts will lead to economical reactors; possibly even neutron free with direct electric conversion. The three examples provided however, may work, but will not ever be useful.

      There any number of approaches that are more promising than the ones listed. General Fusion should be right near the front, as it elegantly solves the first wall problem and offers a straightforward method for power conversion.

    28. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Focus fusion

      Aren't they two different models?

    29. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mostly true enough, except for your last point. PV could also be free, yet any system with sufficient energy storage would be also prohibitively expensive.

      Personally, I'm not as pessimistic on our prospects with fusion, but it is very clear we are not on the right track with any of the big projects.

    30. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1

      If a company gets $1 when the taxpayers lose $1000, it's still pure profit.

      Finally, a simple explanation for recent Trump/Pence and Carrier deal in Indiana.

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    31. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by dunkelfalke · · Score: 1

      Dude, you are just a guitarist who is full of shit himself.
      Here, at least Polacks were unusually honest about their goals, unlike your very own government (and judging from your comments you'd suck Dubya's dick at the first opportunity). Next time use your brain before accusing everyone you disagree with being useful idiots. And before some dumbass like you throws a hissy fit about USA not using any foreign oil and hence the war could not possibly have been about it: oil market is a global market. If oil prices rise, they generally rise even in oil producing countries. It doesn't matter where oil is produced because it can be sold everywhere for the market price. The only discount the citizens of oil producing countries normally see is the lower shipping cost, unless the government specifically subsidises oil for the citizens. You also are mistaken in your very peculiar notion that everything your beloved Dubya government did was for the citizens instead of his very own PNAC buddies and, obviously, their buddies. This is crony capitalism 101.

      --
      "It's such a fine line between stupid and clever" -- David St. Hubbins, Spinal Tap
    32. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by dunkelfalke · · Score: 1

      What are you rambling about? Russia is currently under sanctions for what they do. Call me when EU sanctions you merkins.

      --
      "It's such a fine line between stupid and clever" -- David St. Hubbins, Spinal Tap
    33. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      FF and Polywell are not promising. They can never work.

      Fixed that for you. They can never get more energy out of them than you put in. This is can well established decades ago.

    34. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by BlueStrat · · Score: 2

      Dude, you are just a guitarist who is full of shit himself.

      Playing guitar is a hobby. I have degrees in several fields and experience in many more. Everything from designing missile and torpedo navigation/targeting systems to working on avionics and telemetry systems in the Enterprise space shuttle that were later incorporated into the working space shuttles.

      As far as GWB, he's a Progressive and I despise much of what he did. You are correct he was a crony-capitalist just like every POTUS we've had for decades.

      The rest of your post is nonsense and/or irrelevant, as the accusations against the US and what I was refuting were that we were invading Iraq to steal their oil. Which was and is utter bullshit.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    35. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by SuricouRaven · · Score: 1

      As an added bonus, you can boast that your lab is home to what may be the greatest temperature gradient in the entire universe.

    36. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by SuricouRaven · · Score: 1

      That old paradigm is called 'economy of scale' and it works very well in most industries.

    37. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      AC asked how much "the hydrogen" was. I answered the question. Nowhere did I claim that this was the final cost of electricity.

      However, both Deuterium and Lithium are abundant enough that economies of scale kick in if demand increases.

      As for safety and non-proliferation, fusion reactors can't be turned into fusion bombs, either deliberately or spontaneously.

    38. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You can breed tritium from either Li-6 or Li-7. Which process you use depends on the fusion reaction. I suspect it may not be necessary to separate them, but if you do, both are quite abundant. Of course, you don't even need either lithium or tritium if you run D-D fusion.

      Your other calculation and comparison to wind farms is so naive and irrelevant that I won't even bother to pick it apart. AC asked how much the hydrogen fuel was, and I answered.

    39. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      It also took 20% of the world's oil production offline for nearly a decade, which profits other oil companies, especially with the guaranteed market for military fuel. And there was a _hope_, ill-founded, that a wave of strong anti-Muslim-leadership politics would sweep the region.

    40. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, it won't. There is no scarcity of either lithium or deuterium in the world, they are both abundant; the cost of obtaining them is that of the industrial processes, and they benefit from economies of scale.

    41. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by david_bonn · · Score: 1

      The tritium is bred from lithium, so essentially free.

      That has to be the biggest hand wave I have ever seen in my entire life.

      I'd just point out a couple of obvious things. First off, the lithium you breed tritium from is very much not free, and since there are different reactions for Lithium-6 and Lithium-7 (both produce Tritium, but the Lithium-7 reaction doesn't consume the neutron, which is probably very important) you probably need to enrich the Lithium somewhat -- which is again very much not free. For all of the hoopla about fusion it doesn't seem like many people are looking at the engineering problems required to build a practical Tritium breeding system.

      The other obvious thing is that getting all of the Tritium out of a hunk of Lithium is probably going to be at least a little bit challenging, given that both elements are wickedly reactive and there is the obvious engineering challenge of how much of your Lithium you let react before you extract the Tritium -- obviously you can't go for one hundred percent conversion because the Tritium would just float away, or more likely catch fire.

      So no, not "essentially free".

    42. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      I'd just point out a couple of obvious things.

      Why don't you save your breath and look at the question I actually answered, which is how much the hydrogen costs?

      First off, the lithium you breed tritium from is very much not free,

      Lithium costs a fraction of the deuterium, hence "essentially free". And D-D fusion reactors don't need either tritium or lithium.

      The other obvious thing is that getting all of the Tritium out of a hunk of Lithium is probably ...

      There is no need to guess: the process and the chemical engineering are well understood, since there have been several sodium cooled reactors in the past. There are several fairly straightforward technologies for separating out the LiT as well (I posted a link to a patent).

    43. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      That old paradigm is called 'economy of scale' and it works very well in most industries.

      And quite a strategic nightmare when applied to power generation in the modern age. Tell me, if say I was a country that you were fighting. Would you prefer that I had only a couple electric generating facilities, or thousands of them.

      For me, I would hope any country I was fighting would have exactly one big economy of scale power generation plant. I would utilize 1 each daisycutter or cruise missile, and my enemy is now my bitch. This is a strategic observation not shared by many, but it is not incorrect.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    44. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      It also took 20% of the world's oil production offline for nearly a decade, which profits other oil companies, especially with the guaranteed market for military fuel. And there was a _hope_, ill-founded, that a wave of strong anti-Muslim-leadership politics would sweep the region.

      Yeah, but that hope was not based in the History of the mideast and reality as it exists there. That was just another inconvenient bit of wishful thinking that was useful in settling that particular family feud. It's a place where one can go from esteemed ally to the "American Devil" overnight, depending on the convenience of the parties involved.

      So we were surprised that after we sort of installed a democracy, they all went back to what they were doing before, which is enjoying the hell out of killing each other.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    45. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 1

      > Focus fusion and Polywell are also promising

      No they aren't. All modern pathways look promising until they tried to scale them up. And both of these are subject to the non-equilibrium braking radiation problem, which appears insurmountable.

      > but underfunded

      The problems with fusion cannot be solved by throwing money at that, that makes the problem *worse*. The problem is not actually physics, its economics, and we already know fusion is not competitive.

    46. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by naasking · · Score: 1

      No they aren't. All modern pathways look promising until they tried to scale them up. And both of these are subject to the non-equilibrium braking radiation problem, which appears insurmountable.

      Citation needed. Polywell certainly has theoretical losses due to Bremsstrahlung radiation, but they also have a theoretical argument suggesting this should be surmountable, an argument that hasn't been definitively refuted, and requires experimental validation. The money poured into other approaches is orders of magnitude more than that required to validate Polywell.

      Focus fusion has no known theoretical limitation, and they're operating with even less money.

      The problem is not actually physics, its economics, and we already know fusion is not competitive.

      Well that's pure bull. The economics of fusion are purely driven by the physics of fusion. Of course it looks expensive when you still don't know how to do it efficiently. This is true of every technology until the first few breakthroughs.

    47. Re: Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Of course you don't boil plutonium, you just jerk off on slashdot.

    48. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you're the country I were fighting, and you were relying mostly on small-scale solar to power your armaments industry, I'd be one very, very happy enemy. Happy as a clam. Go on.

    49. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by david_bonn · · Score: 1

      Lithium costs a fraction of the deuterium, hence "essentially free". And D-D fusion reactors don't need either tritium or lithium.

      At current prices high-purity deuterium oxide costs about $1/gram, so for the deuterium part you have a floor of about 11 cents per gram. Lithium costs about 27 cents per gram. So yes, Lithium costs a fraction of Deuterium -- a fraction greater than 2. Source: Google.

      Oh, and we can't even do a D-T reactor at a sustainable level yet, much less the much higher temperatures and pressures required for a D-D reaction.

    50. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      At current prices high-purity deuterium oxide costs about $1/gram,

      Yes, and deuterium is about $7/gram. Oh the marvels of high school chemistry!

      Oh, and we can't even do a D-T reactor at a sustainable level yet, much less the much higher temperatures and pressures required for a D-D reaction.

      The question was assuming a working fusion reactor and asking how much the fuel costs, and the answer is: not much. That answer remains true even if your estimates were correct: deuterium and lithium are just dirt cheap compared to fossil fuels. The cost in a fusion power plant is the engineering and operation, not the fuel.

    51. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What "expansionist Iraq", Iraq was on her knees ever since the Gulf war. Yeah, the one in 1990, when you were still not even a strand of DNA in your pa's testicles. And that war happened because Iraq invaded Kuwait with a tacit permission from the administration of the other Bush, GH.

    52. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And you sound like the typical conservative useful-idiot that is only capable of repeating the propaganda fed to you because you're too stupid or lazy to search out the truth yourself, or just so filled with hate and so caught up in your political/ideological pissing contest that truth doesn't matter, as long as you can *hurt* those you are told you're supposed to hate.

      You don't get to keep the natural resources of a independent country. The plan was never to make Iraq a colony. And yes, the conservatives were the ones to push for war and increase the national debt. Which we have been letting the interest owed just roll over.

    53. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by micahraleigh · · Score: 1

      You think the money belongs to the politicians, huh?

    54. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by micahraleigh · · Score: 1

      Has anyone heard anything from Lockheed lately?

    55. Re:Top 3 promising fusion concepts: by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      Capital costs: normal expectation, it depends on the design, but this is an expected expense of any power generation method.
      Patent costs: what patents?
      Safety: normal for most power generation methods
      Non-proliferation costs: of what? Sources are Hydrogen and output is Helium. This isn't Uranium.
      Cleanup: of what? The reactor will be good for a pretty long life if it works, and in the end, the only waste is the reactor vessel itself, which is much smaller than the amount of waste from fission reactors.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
  3. Re: Not gonna happen by backslashdot · · Score: 1

    Uh, do you realize it takes years to build a stellarator? Besides, who do you think will own the stellarators if now the oil companies? They have the capital.

  4. modern journalism by sheramil · · Score: 5, Informative
    Headline says "Fusion Reactor works".

    Article says "Topology of magnetic field confirmed."

    they still haven't powered the thing up. they still don't know if it will work. headlines like this make me want to slap the writer across the face with a bowling ball in a string bag until they stop lying. and then a few more times just to make sure the lesson sticks.

    1. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or a 'wet trout'...

    2. Re:modern journalism by michael_rendier · · Score: 5, Informative

      this is old news...they have turned it on and it was able to sustain containment of the helium plasma for it's test run of one 10000th of a second. they have apparently also sustained containment of a hydrogen plasma too since then... http://www.iflscience.com/phys...

      --
      There are three kinds of people in the world. Those that can count, and those that can't.
    3. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What the headline really says is "Give Us More FUNDING!!!"

    4. Re:modern journalism by Tough+Love · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The headline is misleading crap and the summary is embarrassing puff piece for dummies, who apparently are not expected to know what nuclear fusion is. (Hmm, is there anybody reading this site who doesn't know that? If so, you need to go back to your fake Facebook news, Zuck is missing you.)

      The project is real enough and it's exciting, as in, it's a fusion design concept that has not yet hit the wall. As far as I can tell, the Wendelstein 7-X is not expected to achieve ignition, much less energy break-even or commercial viability, rather it is intended to demonstrate that a plasma can be sustained over a long period (30 minutes) above ignition temperature (somewhere around 100 million degrees). That's exciting. However, there is no particular new news about this. Wikipedia lists a timeline item of Hydrogen plasma at 80 million degrees for 0.25s. As far as I can tell, the device is currently all apart, being upgraded in advance of a new series of tests that should achieve that, following successful plasma confinement tests early this year. That's all we know. No new news... probably no new news until sometime in the new year. More or less on track, it would seem. Given the sad history of over promising and under delivering in the fusion sector, it is understandable and laudable that the we aren't seeing a lot of breathless predictions from the project. Assuming that Wendelstein 7-X proves something about practicality of the stellarator approach, I assume the next step would be funding for a fancier one. Eventually, the might prove that ITER should be a stellarator and not a tokamak. Who knows. It does not feel like free energy for everyone in the immediate future, but it does feel like progress.

      --
      When all you have is a hammer, every problem starts to look like a thumb.
    5. Re:modern journalism by excelsior_gr · · Score: 1

      OK, just tell them afterwards that you did it because you love them.

    6. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mod up. Also update /. post or re-post.

    7. Re: modern journalism by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

      And it's a government issue.

      --
      If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
    8. Re:modern journalism by Cyberax · · Score: 1

      ITER is not a prototype of a commercial fusion reactor. It's more of a plasma physics lab, specifically designed to support various experiments and advance engineering required to build a real reactor.

      Lots of ITER advances are as important for stellerators or other approaches as they are for tokamaks: neutral beam injectors (essential for open plasma trap systems), RF plasma heating (essential for stellerators), all the material science required to deal with tremendous heat flow with high neutron fluxes, remote robotic manipulators required to handle stuff within highly radioactive reactor, etc.

      A tokamak was chosen for ITER because we know that it scales, it's a nice conservative choice. Lots of the ITER's complexity is actually due to its conservatism. For example, low-temperature superconductors are used for pretty much everything with high-Tc superconductors reserved only for interconnections with non-superconductive power systems. It's pretty clear that commercial reactors will have to use high-Tc systems.

      /me follows all ITER news and press-releases.

    9. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Specifically: ITER is a "burning plasma" lab - a thing in which to do long fusion runs.

      DEMO, which will build of what is learned at ITER, EAST, WX-7 and the rest, will be the prototype commercial reactor.

    10. Re:modern journalism by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      The project is real enough and it's exciting, as in, it's a fusion design concept that has not yet hit the wall.

      Give it time. I'll save getting excited until when they actually generate some surplus power with fusion. Until then it is a pulling yourself up by your bootstraps device.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    11. Re:modern journalism by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      The headline is misleading crap and the summary is embarrassing puff piece for dummies

      Seriously, is @BeauHD only posting these to get all the ad views of people complaining about what a crap summary he put up?

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    12. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      headlines like this make me want to slap the writer across the face with a bowling ball in a string bag until they stop lying. and then a few more times just to make sure the lesson sticks.

      While I don't disagree with your sentiment, I strongly believe we should bring back torturing people to death for occasions like when some jackass writes an article like this one. A bowling ball to the face is simply too merciful of a death, if it kills them at all.

    13. Re:modern journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As far as I can tell, the device is currently all apart, being upgraded in advance of a new series of tests

      Sounds like my Bimmer: Always in the shop and costed a fortune.

  5. Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The key part is omitted, this is a new version (of an old idea) of a field arrangement that is believed to confine the plasma better:

    "The stellarator is different from the other toroidal magnetic surface concepts in that both the toroidal and the poloidal field components—which together create the magnetic surface topology—are created from currents in external coils. In the tokamak and the reversed-field pinch2, a strong toroidal current driven within the plasma is needed to generate the poloidal magnetic-field component. The stellarator’s lack of a strong current parallel to the magnetic field greatly reduces macroscopic plasma instabilities, and it eliminates the need for steady-state current drive. This makes it a more stable configuration, capable of steady-state operation. These are important advantages for a power plant....The stellarator was invented by Lyman Spitzer in the 1950s (ref. 3). So why did it fall behind? And why do some believe that it is about to have a comeback?"

    1. Re:stellerator by aix+tom · · Score: 1

      But is it going to be the original Wendelstein 7-X model or a cheap Chinese knock-off?

    2. Re:Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "So why did it fall behind?"

      The accurate modeling machining required has only been possible for the last few years.

    3. Re:Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Apparently, design of stellarator is too complicated for human mind. Proper positioning of magnetic coils has to be simulated on a supercomputer. Only the recent advancements in computer technology allowed to make stellarators more efficient than tokamaks.

      http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/10/bizarre-reactor-might-save-nuclear-fusion

    4. Re:Stellerator by darkain · · Score: 1

      Probably the EXACT same reason why the LFTR nuclear reactor fell behind... Because they cant be used to make bombs. Seriously. That's it.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    5. Re:Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't know what you just said.

    6. Re:Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The LFTR "fell behind" for the specific reason that multiple reports from industry partners demonstrated it was unlikely to ever be economically competitive with a light water reactor using a once-through fuel cycle. The same analysis demonstrates that fast breeders and fusion-fission hybrids are also economic dead-ends. And that's why today we mostly have light water reactors with a once-through fuel cycle, and the examples of designs that are not are no longer offered commercially (British gas-cooled, CANDU etc).

      Everyone supporting LFTR seems to forget that there are numerous ways to make bomb materials, and most of them are better than any power producing reactor. Keep in mind that we have bombs from fission before we had power from fission. The crossover is one-way, designing a commercial plant that also produces useful amounts of bomb materials is not easy, and makes for craptastic economics. Just as the Soviets. They also fail to note that there are a number of countries that make reactors that never had a bomb program, Canada and Germany being two obvious examples. Nevertheless, the supporters keep dredging up this dumb conspiracy theory because it's easier than having to admit there's an actual problem.

    7. Re:Stellerator by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The MSR programs were extremely well documented and successful, and the issues discovered were resolved--including one they used as an excuse while cancelling the program. Your "multiple reports from industry partners" sounds like typical anti-nuke lies fabricated on the spot; if not feel free to cite them. There were in fact multiple reports with cost estimates, and they were all very favorable.

      It wasn't so much weapons that prompted the U/Pu direction, but substantial experience with U/Pu during the weapons program played a large part. It was still a stupid choice made largely for political reasons.

    8. Re:Stellerator by Mysticalfruit · · Score: 1

      There were a couple of reasons, but the biggest issue was the modeling of and then the real time management of the magnetic fields. We simply didn't have the computing power we have now.

      --
      Yes Francis, the world has gone crazy.
  6. Slashvertisement by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yeah, I was expecting it to continue like Star In A JarJar Binks Meesa Thinks Itsa Good Ideaa! ...I wonder really though whether the new Slashdead Overlords are getting kickbacks in some manner.

    1. Re: Slashvertisement by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      hmm is not atar in a jar nuclear...

    2. Re:Slashvertisement by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      Windscale in a milk pail. Chernobble in a bottle.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    3. Re:Slashvertisement by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1

      Windscale in a milk pail. Chernobble in a bottle.

      "Star In a Jar" sounds like a David Blaine stunt until you realize that it wouldn't meet most definitions of either "star" or "jar".

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    4. Re: Slashvertisement by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

      hmm is not a star in a jar nuclear...

      That's not how this works. Although fusion is a nuclear process, it's just dandy with the SJW community so long as breakthroughs in theory are required to make it work. As soon as someone comes up with a practical way of doing it on Earth, they will find some rationale for opposing it. They always do.

      Example: you thought they at least supported fusion so long as it takes place on the sun, didn't you?
      http://www.wsj.com/articles/iv...

    5. Re:Slashvertisement by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      " Chernobble "

      You really are an illiterate twatclown.

    6. Re:Slashvertisement by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      Hey, it's the fat grannygrabber A.K Mark, with his J.D. in international law from DeVry.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    7. Re:Slashvertisement by arglebargle_xiv · · Score: 1

      Star in a bar? So it's about Robert Downey, Jr?

    8. Re:Slashvertisement by MercTech · · Score: 1

      There is a huge difference in a MagNOX gas cooled reactor design and a graphite moderated Pu production design. Using Windscale and Chernobyl in the same sentence is a comparison of pomegranate and durien. Not even close enough to say apples and oranges.

      I do agree with sentiments about "star in a jar" as that phrase should be reserved for the cheesy adverts for cheap LED lamps that flicker in time to music.

      --
      NRRPT/RCT
    9. Re:Slashvertisement by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I feel reassured now that you've pointed out how it couldn't possibly go wrong in any way at all.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  7. Re: Not gonna happen by lazy+genes · · Score: 0

    Hoping it will produce enough energy to clean up the waste from the last free energy source.

  8. So sick of the Fusion Scams by nateman1352 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I'm sick of these articles that sound like they are mansplaining the basics of tomahawk fusion that we have known since the 1970s and then claims its a new thing. Moreover, they supposedly have a working commercial reactor when we know that a commercial reactor would need to be ITER sized for positive energy generation. Can we keep this crap off slashdot?

    1. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by nateman1352 · · Score: 1

      Tokamak, sorry autocorrect

    2. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      No no no, i wanna hear more about this tomahawk fusion, sounds way cooler. 10/10 would pledge its Kickstart!

    3. Re: So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=c-3QNX3ZbG0

    4. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Pardon me but what the actual fuck is "mansplaining?"

    5. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Mitreya · · Score: 1

      Can we keep this crap off slashdot?

      Not until we all agree on 1) How Trump is going to use this invention and 2) How, if discovered earlier, it could have changed the outcome of this election.

    6. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      Pardon me but what the actual fuck is "mansplaining?"

      lmgtfy

    7. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by dbIII · · Score: 1

      It is a very new thing to many readers because so little investment has been put in that development has taken decades. We've heard of things ten years ago but they have not - it just hasn't made it into the press much lately.
      It sounds dumbed down because even here it is difficult to underestimate the technical background of the readers - when a space story comes up most seem to think in terms or orbits as fixed one dimensional circles and anything about electricity generation degenerates into a grade school sandpit fight over "one true energy".

    8. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous+Cow+Ward · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's a bullshit term.

      --
      Examine even your most deeply held beliefs. Nobody is always right.
    9. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm sick of these articles that sound like they are mansplaining the basics of tomahawk fusion that we have known since the 1970s

      Ten Thousand

    10. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      A misandric definition of being condescending recently created by the feminist community.

      And yes, if a woman does the same thing, it's still called mansplaining because of internalized misogyny due to toxic masculinity.

    11. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 1

      No no no, i wanna hear more about this tomahawk fusion, sounds way cooler.

      Actually, boomerang fusion is more fun and a hoot and a half for the whole family.

      Just remember to "Duck and Cover" after you toss it.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    12. Re: So sick of the Fusion Scams by NotAPK · · Score: 1

      I couldn't stop watching. I want those 4 minutes of my life back...

    13. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by RandomFactor · · Score: 1

      That's no longer the case. Increases in high-temperature high field superconductors have reduced the size necessary dramatically.

      Here's a (refreshingly not dumbed down) talk by the head of MIT's Nuclear Science & Engineering department that discusses this in some detail: https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      --
      --- Mercutio was right.
    14. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I know, right?

      My first thought was "did they actually just explain to slashdotters what a fusion reactor is??"

      Hint to editors: use the summary to tell us what's *different* about this reactor. We're not children. Mostly.

    15. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      It is a very new thing to many readers because so little investment has been put in that development has taken decades.

      Now let me get this straight. You are saying that Fusion generated power is a 100% certainty, and the only reason we aren't enjoying it right now in our homes is because not enough money has been put into it?

      Well, I'm no dummy in such matters, but I'm not convinced that the bootstrap scheme is going to ever work. Not cynicism, or pessimism, but just looking at the positive feedback aspect of trying to sustain and contain fusion, and have leftover energy available to generate power.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    16. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      I know, right?

      My first thought was "did they actually just explain to slashdotters what a fusion reactor is??"

      I don't know how it was in the bad old days, but I'm pretty certain that a lot of present day Slashdotters need much of this stuff explained to them. Just looking at the conversations about Samsung phone batteries shows a remarkable lack of knowledge by many.

      And really, that's okay. None of us were born knowing everything - even though I've been accused of being a "know-it-all". But if there is something I don't know, I have this excellent tool for learning that I'm typing on right now.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    17. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by dbIII · · Score: 1

      Talk about putting words in other people's mouths! Is your reading comprehension really that poor or are you deliberately doing it as some pathetic form of attack?
      Obviously not enough work has been put in to provide a solution YET, and whether it can ever happen is obviously unknown.

    18. Re:So sick of the Fusion Scams by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      Can we keep this crap off slashdot?

      Not until we all agree on 1) How Trump is going to use this invention and 2) How, if discovered earlier, it could have changed the outcome of this election.

      And 3) how Elon Musk's version is going to be cheaper, better and ready for the shops by next Xmas.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
  9. 2050 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "News just in we're running out of water"

  10. sorry, it's not that simple by ooloorie · · Score: 1

    Reliable fusion power would be great. But it's not actually that different from fission power: it still produces lots of radioactive waste.

    1. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Informative

      it still produces lots of radioactive waste.

      Fusion produces less waste than fission, and it is shorter lived. But it doesn't help with the political problems. The Greenies and NIMBYs are going to oppose fusion just like they oppose fission.

    2. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Sesostris+III · · Score: 1

      The Greenies and NIMBYs are going to oppose fusion just like they oppose fission.

      Not quite true. They don't all oppose fission out of hand. For a take on nuclear from one of the UK's more renowned green journalists, George Monbiot, see http://www.monbiot.com/category/nuclear/

      --
      You never know what is enough unless you know what is more than enough. - Blake
    3. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by AmiMoJo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Greenie here. We need fusion and should develop it. What I object to is it being used as an excuse to delay transitioning to clean energy. Eventually it will work and be great for special applications like spacecraft and some kind of role on the electrical grid, but realistically even if we had a working design today most of the world wouldn't be able to build and operate it, not to mention the yet to be determined cost.

      There are similar safety issues to fission, mostly to do with managing and storing waste, but they are lessened by the fact that you don't need a limitless supply of water and can thus build the plant in a safer location. Still needs massive regulation and oversight of course.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    4. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      > We need fusion and should develop it.

      And I need magical crystals to cure the kinks in my chakra. We should spend all our research money on *that*, first, because with my elevated potential I will inspire the nations of the world to create the post-human baby who will lead us to the Way of Mrs. Cosmopolite and solve all the world's gender-phobias, and *that* will solve the problem!!!!.

      Hint: fusion power doesn't scale. The Sun uses an entire star worth of pressure to fuse raw hydrogen into deuterium and tritium, which *then* fuse to make Helium. We're missing that first, critical step in all Terran fusion reactors, because it's *grossly* more difficult to do.

    5. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      > Fusion produces less waste than fission

      The only currently available large scale source of tritium for D-T fusion reactors is fission power plants, so there is a very large problem with using fusion energy to reduce the number of fission plants.

    6. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by cbraescu1 · · Score: 1

      Greenie here.

      Then what are you doing on an online forum for intelligent people who are passioned about technology?

      --
      Catalin Braescu
      Ofaly.com
    7. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by edxwelch · · Score: 1

      It produces a lot less waste, but no, it's not short lived.
      The real advantage of fusion over fision is that it's inherently safer insofar that the reaction can be switched of instantly.

    8. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Greenpeace has come out against ITER, and spoken against fusion in general:

      [Greenpeace] Spokesperson Bridget Woodman said: "Nuclear fusion has all the problems of nuclear power, including producing nuclear waste and the risks of a nuclear accident."

      They are one of the largest and most influential 'Green' organizations, so if Greenpeace is unambiguously opposed, it's a safe statement to say "The Greenies" are opposed.

    9. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      The Greenies and NIMBYs are going to oppose fusion just like they oppose fission.
      That is extremely unlikely.
      Unlike you most figure heads of the green movements have a clue and/or a PhD about/in science and know what they are talking about.
      There is a huge difference between some iodine or cesium remains after a fission reaction and agitated iron/steal after neutron bombardment (fusion reaction).

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    10. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      Fusion produces less waste than fission, and it is shorter lived.

      That's true only for the current, inefficient fission reactors, not for breeder reactors. That is, we know how to build efficient fission reactors, and they work pretty much as well as fusion reactors, we simply choose not to. (Well, actually, Russia is building a new generation of breeder reactors.)

    11. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Fusion plants are supposed to breed their own Tritium and not all fusion plants even need Tritium.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    12. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      it still produces lots of radioactive waste.

      Fusion produces less waste than fission, and it is shorter lived. But it doesn't help with the political problems. The Greenies and NIMBYs are going to oppose fusion just like they oppose fission.

      As I've noted before, one doesn't need to be a Greenie, and one might understandably become a Nimby when they watch what happens to some of these completely safe reactors when things go wrong.

      In short, I don't have a problem with Nuclear energy power generation. We can do this.

      What I have a huge problem with is trusting that the humans in the loop are going to build something safe. The more dense the energy, the worse the problems when a human induced problem lets that genie out of the bottle.

      What did we save money on? What corners did we cut to save money or meet the schedule? Who might we have paid off in order to pass a safety inspection?

      I know people. I know energy. I know what happens when you put a shitload of energy in the hands of normal humans with their normal traits.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    13. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Greenie here.

      Then what are you doing on an online forum for intelligent people who are passioned about technology?

      If you ask that question, then you aren't nearly as intelligent as you would presume to be.

      "passioned", that sounds kinda dirty.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    14. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by khallow · · Score: 1
      Not surprising that Greenpeace says stupid shit. They're the ones who had the war on chlorine.

      Greenpeace, the international environmental advocacy group, launched the first salvo in 1991 with its call to phase out completely "the use, export, and import of all organochlorines, elemental chlorine, and chlorinated oxidizing agents (e.g. chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite)." As Greenpeace's Joe Thornton explains, "There are no uses of chlorine which we regard as safe."

      And when they get a wild idea, it often passes on to other environmentalist organizations.

      It makes good sense to prioritize environmental protection. Unfortunately, good sense is conspicuously absent in current efforts to ban the use of chlorine. Greenpeace calls for a "chlorine-free society." Support also comes from other environmental organizations. George Coling of the Sierra Club states ". . . the debate is no longer whether to phase out these chemicals, but how" and Tim Eder, of the National Wildlife Federation notes, "When it comes to (these chemicals) you don't make them, produce them, or dispose of them . . . you just get rid of them!" We should be wary of their claims, for they suggest political opportunism, not sound science.

    15. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Moonbat! Hopefully he's significantly better informed about practical solutions to green than he is about economics, because his assumptions and conclusions about economics are batshit stupid.

    16. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Greenie here as well. I already depend on a wonderful cheap (free) fusion reactor for all my power.
      Offgrid for 12 years. Solar PV, LiFePO4 batteries, No generator.

    17. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      There is _no_ current, vaguely working fusion technology that yields or breeds tritium. There's not enough energy in fusion related neutron radiation to even make deuterium effectively, much less tritium.

    18. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      There is, you use the neutron bombardment of the reaction on a lithium shell in the fusion chamber.
      It was covered often enough on /.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    19. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      Tritium produced in liquid lithium shielding is a destabilizing consequence of using it in shielding because it propagates an extremely volatile, difficult to contain radioactive material into the lithium. Recovery of tritium from it, even in theory, is for safety, not for refueling the reactor. It's nowhere near _enough_ tritium to replace the original tritium fuel, and it can't be recovered safely or efficiently enough to use it effectively to refuel the reactor.

    20. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by HuguesT · · Score: 1

      To be honest breeder reactors work, but there are safety issues. All fast breeders with reasonable ratio use liquid metal as coolant, typically Sodium. They are expensive and difficult to maintain, see here. A small leak could produce a Sodium fire with dire consequences. Also there are weapon proliferation risks since producing fissible Plutonium from a breeding reactor is very easy. This is basically how they work...

      Essentially breeders are a very dirty and dangerous business.

    21. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      To be honest breeder reactors work, but there are safety issues. All fast breeders with reasonable ratio use liquid metal as coolant, typically Sodium. They are expensive and difficult to maintain, see here [wikipedia.org]. A small leak could produce a Sodium fire with dire consequences.

      And D-T fusion reactors need liquid lithium for breeding tritium.

      Also there are weapon proliferation risks since producing fissible Plutonium from a breeding reactor is very easy.

      That argument is b.s., since anybody with the technology to build regular nuclear power plants can already build bombs.

      Essentially breeders are a very dirty and dangerous business.

      That is, essentially, wrong.

    22. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And when you wake up, you're still in your momma's basement, and your power comes from the nearby coal plant.

    23. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      most figure heads of the green movements have a clue and/or a PhD about/in science

      No, here is no PhD "about science". There is a (science) degree, or there is just crap. Most 'greeens' who have degrees, have worthless humanitarian degrees in some SJW field like political "science", feminism studies or lesbian jerkoff technology, i.e. crap. No green even knows the Green theorem.

      The greens are an outgrowth of the Soviet propaganda of the 80s, just like the "nationalists", aka "alt-right" are an outgrowth of the Russian anti-EU propaganda today.

    24. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're just stupid.

    25. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Then they are doing it all wrong?

      https://www.iter.org/sci/Fusio...

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    26. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Spacecraft is a key statement there...

      If you have a fusion reactor that hasn't been turned on, slapping it atop a rocket and shooting it into the sky is really no more dangerous that shooting anything else up there...

      Should it explode there is no radio active material spread across the globe...

      Once in space, spin up the fission drive, slap an EM drive on there, and point your ship the direction you want to go.

      Space based Fission will replace the use of RTG's once it's available... and provided and adequate quantity of fuel (or the ability to resupply) there won't be the gradual power loss that the voyager probes are now suffering.

    27. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      That's a very handwaving cover page. And yes, they are getting it wrong. "Deuterium can be distilled from all forms of water." Yes, it can, but it's energy consuming and quite expensive. The "breeding blanket" they refer to has never existed, has never been used, and _cannot_ possibly approach 100% effectiveness. It is theoretically using a "primed pump" of deuterium and tritum to recycle enough neutrons to replace the tritium. Unfortunately, even if the tritium in the lithium blanket was remotely efficient or safe to extract from the extremely toxic and dangerous lithium flouride typically used, not all of the neutrons emitted by the fusion reaction will be absorbed and generate renewed tritium.

      I'm afraid that webpage is ignoring pretty basic physics.

    28. Re:sorry, it's not that simple by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      The web page unfortunately is the official site of the ITER project.

      "Deuterium can be distilled from all forms of water." Yes, it can, but it's energy consuming and quite expensive.
      No one doubted that. But that was not the topic, or was it?

      Also who claimed that we achieve 100% "efficiency" in neutron reuse?

      Unfortunately, even if the tritium in the lithium blanket was remotely efficient or safe to extract from the extremely toxic and dangerous lithium
      We are talking about a gas very close to hydrogen, right? Embedded in a salty/metal matrix in a vacuum right? There is nothing to extract ...

      Here is another site explaining the various reactions: https://www.euronuclear.org/in...

      I only checked it as I was unsure how many neutrons are left over from a T+D reaction, unfortunately only one. So you are in so far right that most certainly extra tritium must be added to the reactor.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  11. Is that anything like... by ChunderDownunder · · Score: 1
  12. Re: Not gonna happen by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

    In Germany? The power companies.

    In other countries? Perhaps the state? Not every nation is paranoid about the state running something, I have heard some states even run navies and airforces etc.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  13. stellerator by siamesevodka · · Score: 1

    I'm going to put mine in the backyard next to the kids swingset!

  14. "No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    This is quite the euphemism. The principal fuel in its principal reaction does not produce waste. But this is as optimistic as feeding a baby with starch and thinking that this will save you the diapers.

    If you are meddling with plasma fusion, you'll get gamma radiation to die for. And that does something, somewhere.

    1. Re: "No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gamma radiation does not make things radioactive. It doesn't do "something somewhere"; it's just ionizing radiation, capable of knocking electrons out of their orbits and thereby breaking apart chemical bonds (bad for humans, shieldable by bulk materials).
      Neutron radiation is what makes things radioactive, and you will have this as well.

    2. Re: "No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gamma radiation does not make things radioactive. It doesn't do "something somewhere"; it's just ionizing radiation, capable of knocking electrons out of their orbits and thereby breaking apart chemical bonds.

      Fission plasma energy levels are good (or rather bad) for more than electron bonds.

    3. Re:"No radioactive waste" by eyenot · · Score: 1

      Yeah like irradiating giant magnets that are (a) hard to procure to begin with (b) inevitably very difficult to simply "get rid of".

      I thought that was kind of the reason fusion never got off the ground in the first place, because none of the scientists or engineers who are so avid about it can state how, exactly, they are going to deal with this giant, irradiated magnets issue.

      --
      "Stratigraphically the origin of agriculture and thermonuclear destruction will appear essentially simultaneous" -- Lee
    4. Re: "No radioactive waste" by _merlin · · Score: 1

      Neutron flux can and does make stuff radioactive, and deuterium-tritium fusion releases one neutron in addition to the helium nucleus.

    5. Re: "No radioactive waste" by NotAPK · · Score: 1

      "Gamma radiation does not make things radioactive"

      Sorry, yes it does.

    6. Re: "No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Gamma radiation does not make things radioactive"

      Sorry, yes it does.

      In traditionally fissile materials, according to your link. Magnets aren't made of traditionally fissile materials.

    7. Re:"No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah Mr Saud, let's find the hair in the soup of your competitor. and let's ignore the millions killed from oil wars and the religious extremism you fund. A large number of Whiteys is so fucking stupid-educated they will fall for your smoke and mirrors.
      Those Whiteys who are smart you will bribe by means of arms purchases or direct bribes.

    8. Re: "No radioactive waste" by NotAPK · · Score: 1

      Mate, this site really has gone to the dogs.

      Learn some physics.

    9. Re: "No radioactive waste" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only happens with transuranics, you pedantic moron! There are no transuranics in such fusion systems. Good job showing you are a wise ass idiot!

    10. Re: "No radioactive waste" by NotAPK · · Score: 1

      It depends on the energy of the gamma ray and the cross section of the nucleus.

      Gamma rays have enough energy to be absorbed by the atomic nucleus of any atom. It all depends on the cross section of the nucleus, which depends on its current excitation state, and of course the energy of the photon.

      The general point here is that gamma rays have enough energy to interact with the nucleus of material surrounding a gamma ray source, and due to the fundamental physics those gamma rays will make the surrounding material unstable, and thus by definition, radioactive. The devil is in the details, as always.

  15. W7-X is not a power source! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This article is wrong on so many places.

    The W7-X is not a fusion reactor in the sense that it generates more power than you put into.

    It is simply not designed for that task. It has been build "just" for plasma research, e.g. let scientists figure out how to control the plasma so they can maybe later, in a couple of years build a fusion reactor that works as an energy source.

    1. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by CustomSolvers2 · · Score: 1

      to control the plasma so they can maybe later, in a couple of years build a fusion reactor that works as an energy source

      A couple of years seems way too optimistic to do something which have been tried for quite long already and never accomplished. Logically, the exact meaning of control has to be understood within the power plant context; some seconds or even hours isn't a big deal (other than within a very slow step-by-step research), because this is expected to be run non-stop for very long periods (at least, a few months). It would also imply to account for eventual problems and have backup alternatives (security- and service-wise). By bearing all this in mind, I don't think that anyone will be able to "control the plasma" within the next quite few years (if possible at all under the intended conditions).

      Even after having adequately accounted for the aforementioned issue and even by forgetting about anything else (e.g., global security and reliability, potential problems of a new technology, costs and real gain with respect to other alternatives, etc.), the transition from a controlled plasma to an actual energy generation is also quite difficult. Imagine that you have a flowing mass as hot as the surface of the sun, forget about all the security or operational issues and just answer this question: how is it supposed to generate electricity (= become an actual power plant)? What the current fission plants do isn't applicable here because the temperature ranges are completely different. The residual heat from the fission reactions is hot (and cold) enough to be almost directly applied to a tank of water (which is converted into steam, which moves a turbine, which is coupled with a generator, which generates electricity). Now you are dealing with the hottest thing on earth, what can you do with it? Potentially, lots of electricity might be extracted from it, but how could it be done? There are some theories accounting for this part too; but again they haven't ever been adequately tested mainly because the prerequisite (extremely-hot plasma standing there for long enough) hasn't still happened.

      --
      Custom Solvers 2.0 = Alvaro Carballo Garcia = varocarbas.
    2. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by SumDog · · Score: 1

      Yea; a lot wrong about this.

      There is a lot of really interesting research in this field. The real headline I hope to read one day, hopefully not too far into the distant future, is one that states scientists have found a way to hold the plasma for over an hour.

    3. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by swilver · · Score: 1

      Wouldn't it be as simple as the containing vessel heating up, and you pump water along it? I mean, the plasma inside can be millions of degrees, and that would probably radiate to heat up the vessel as well when it starts producing energy.

      A cubic millimeter of superhot plasma is not gonna heat up the entire containment vessel to melting point, but it might heat it up to say a nice comfortable 500 degrees orso...

    4. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by CustomSolvers2 · · Score: 1

      Wouldn't it be as simple as the containing vessel heating up

      As simple as containing the plasma for very long (but never done), as simple as going to Mars and coming back (never done), etc. Assuming that something you don't fully (not even partially; you and anyone else, because this situation has never happened) understand is easy doesn't seem as a sensible approach. Additionally, when we are talking about crazily demanding conditions beyond anything which has ever been tried, that word sounds even more inadequate (to say it very softly).

      Note that the reason for using magnetic fields (a virtually experimental methodology, very expensive and with unclear reliability) to confine the plasma (the vessel surrounds the magnetic field, but never touches the plasma) is that it is too hot for anything else (I mean any material ever). All what they are doing now is trying to keep the plasma for as long as possible, what means making sure that the temperature outside the magnetic field is low enough.

      Their theory seems (corresponding section of the ITER webpage, the most ambitious fusion project) to agree with your suggestion: the small proportion of plasma heat getting outside the field is used to increase the temperature of the surrounding water (what, as per my knowledge, hasn't ever been tested). Even by assuming that all this works and by forgetting about all the problems which such a setup might provoke, how could you know/affect in any way the temperature variation? The generation of steam isn't precisely a random process happening under random conditions. The exact temperatures of the water and of the generated steam have to be perfectly controlled. A process like fission is highly stable, predictable and controllable; to not mention that the default temperatures are already quite close to the target (the reactor is precisely designed to make sure that this is the case). I don't know, perhaps something like a range of 90-110 Celsius degree at the water tank under extreme conditions. But what can you do when dealing with millions of degrees? How can you come up with a way to tune up these values to meet orders of magnitude smaller targets? Getting the 0.000000231% of the plasma's heat and, eventually, moving it to 0.000000232% to account for whatever issue? Could you put an example of a methodology allowing to convert 10^6 values into 100 with a precision below 1? Can such a methodology deal with a temperature-variation scenario?

      500 degrees

      Even my assuming that this would be possible, how do you expect to modify this temperature to reach the 100 target? Whatever you do would imply an additional expense of energy which would have to be brought into consideration while determining the total gain/loss.

      --
      Custom Solvers 2.0 = Alvaro Carballo Garcia = varocarbas.
    5. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by CustomSolvers2 · · Score: 1

      as simple as going to Mars and coming back

      I meant a ship with (living) humans on it.

      --
      Custom Solvers 2.0 = Alvaro Carballo Garcia = varocarbas.
    6. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by SuricouRaven · · Score: 1

      You underestimate how hot that plasma is. It's past just being regular plasma like I can make in my microwave, and into exotic physics territory. You don't even model heat exchange using the standard laws of thermodynamics, because each individual particle impact is a high-energy collision. Even with the best cooling systems physically possible, your containment vessel is going to melt, and then become plasma itsself. Plus even if you could keep it cool enough, you'd be creating a temperature gradient in the reactor that is going to make it impossible to sustain the temperature required for fusion.

    7. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just because you are in computers does not mean you have a clue about physics. The energy transfer to coolants is the easy part. Radiation is quite easy to calculate. A large water volume can absorb plenty of heat.

      The hard part is the shaping and control of the plasma by magnetic means. If the plasma "breaks out" it will simply heat the walls and nothing dangerous happens. But the plasma will be poisoned by atoms from the containment, which will make it hard for re-use of the gas. Thats costly.

    8. Re:W7-X is not a power source! by CustomSolvers2 · · Score: 1

      Just because you are in computers does not mean you have a clue about physics.

      FYI, I have a BEng in Mechanical Engineering and studied for my MEng in Industrial Engineering, precisely specialising in energy (i.e., power plants, nuclear power, etc.). I have also a relevant working experience in engineering/physics. I currently work as a programmer, but this fact doesn't remove all my knowledge about this matter. But why are you criticising me in a so arbitrary way? Are my arguments flawed? Could you please argue against them rather than against me? And also try to base your critics upon actual facts and/or logic, rather than on inventing random ideas like saying that I have no clue about physics.

      The energy transfer to coolants is the easy part.

      Radiation is quite easy to calculate.

      A large water volume can absorb plenty of heat.

      I find these references pretty descriptive of your actual engineering/power-plant knowledge. Are you mixing up the water in the cooling system with the one used to generate electricity (the main tank whose temperature is kept around 100 to generate steam, to move the turbine + generator)? You are a big-picture guy, aren't you? (-> this is for saying that I have no clue about physics :)).

      The hard part is the shaping and control of the plasma by magnetic means.

      I didn't say that this was easy (the only person here using this word to describe what is unimaginably complex is you). Actually, this is complex enough to, IMO, stop considering this option right away. But even in case of having this in place, managing the temperature to be transferred to the water would be extremely difficult too.

      If the plasma "breaks out" it will simply heat the walls and nothing dangerous happens

      Why would happen anything dangerous? You are plainly dealing with the hottest reality ever with which no material can deal. You would also be dealing with self-sustained chain reactions which might be stopped at will, right? Are you completely sure about that? Aren't these the kind of things about which nobody knows anything because they have never been done? Like all the fission problems about which the nuclear power pioneers didn't even dream that could occur?

      --
      Custom Solvers 2.0 = Alvaro Carballo Garcia = varocarbas.
  16. Star Trek Warp Reactors here we come by passionplay · · Score: 1

    This is just the first step in a long road. Art imitates life. Life imitates art.

    1. Re: Star Trek Warp Reactors here we come by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How does stable plasma lead to ftl travel?

    2. Re: Star Trek Warp Reactors here we come by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It doesn't. Warp power is generated by antimatter annihilation, not plasma fusion. Plasma fusion powers the impulse engines which are sublight only.

    3. Re: Star Trek Warp Reactors here we come by passionplay · · Score: 1

      Exactly, but magnetic containment is a requirement. Plasma drives for impulse engines paves the way for the next stage. The space warp requires enormous energy that can be contained and focused. Granted, this is the first step. And the road is very long.

    4. Re: Star Trek Warp Reactors here we come by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is no "space warp". It is fucking fiction for the dirty masses. Go pick a physics book instead of drooling in front of the TV, you may actually learn something. Here's a good start: https://archive.org/details/AtomicPhysics8th.ed. Make sure you copy the dot at the end, it is a part of the url.

  17. Just a clue by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

    Heat is waste.

    And there's a limited amount the earth can radiate out to space.

    Energy always becomes heat.

    As far back as the late 1990s, people were projecting that if the energy increase per human being continued at the rate it had been increasing since the 1600s, the surface temperature of earth would pass the boiling point of water within 500 years.

    --
    She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    1. Re:Just a clue by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Since energy consumption has only been increasing, it looks like they were completely wrong.

    2. Re:Just a clue by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

      Somebody even did the math. Even without the heat problem. we still have less than 2500 years to consume all the energy in the galaxy... requires present growth rates though, kinda doubtful that will be maintained...

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    3. Re:Just a clue by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Awesome! So awesome I've bookmarked it.

      If humans are denied a share of societies productivity resulting from automation, then we could see a rapid decline in the total number of humans like horses saw from 1890 to 1920. About 52 million to about 3 million. That would only buy us an extra 100 years.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
  18. WAIT let me guess by cfalcon · · Score: 1, Funny

    Lemme guess- this fusion reactor is just 20 years from opening, right?

    1. Re:WAIT let me guess by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 5, Funny

      Lemme guess- this fusion reactor is just 20 years from opening, right?

      No, that was 20 years ago. Now it's just 20 years from opening.

      --
      Slashdot, fix the reply notifications... You won't get away with it...
    2. Re:WAIT let me guess by swb · · Score: 1

      50 years?

      Let's assume they have the science-scale reactor actually working and can run the thing for a few hours at a time at a net-positive power output. They've reached the stage where it seems well understood and demonstrate the technology actually works and they're ready to build a demonstration plant capable of feeding the grid with 100 megawatts.

      Figure, what, 10 years for funding, design, construction and then another 5-10 years of operation and the inevitable debugging of minor issues associated with scaling output up to higher amounts.

      Now we've really shown it can be done as an actual utility. I would expect at this point they would have the attention and interest of governments and commercial utilities interested in building a plant at true utility scale, say 5 GW.

      The still-present risks and inevitable red tape would probably mean that only one plant would be built and probably would take from start to plant operation maybe 10 years. I'll be generous in assuming scaling up involved minor but relatively easily recoverable glitches.

      So now we're at 30 years and we have a single utility scale plant. Maybe after 5 years of continuous and successful operation it would really seem to live up to its promises and we'd get a gung-ho, all-in attitude towards it and start parallel construction of more plants.

      So it'd be 50 years before we really saw a major amount of power being generated.

    3. Re:WAIT let me guess by gatzke · · Score: 5, Informative
    4. Re:WAIT let me guess by transami · · Score: 1

      this

      --
      :T:R:A:N:S:
  19. Missleading healine by Sla$hPot · · Score: 1

    Ok, the magnets work.
    But it takes a lot more than that to claim that reactor works as headline does.

  20. headline by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

    'Star In a Jar' Fusion Reactor Works, Promises Infinite Energy

    I thought the story was going to be that a company named Infinite Energy was pushing a snake-oil product called Star in a Jar.

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  21. Magnetic bullet? by BlueCoder · · Score: 1

    How big is the containment vessel? How much energy are we talking about in that space? What would happen if you fired a magnetic bullet at it? What would happen in a catastrophic failure?

    1. Re:Magnetic bullet? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How big is the containment vessel? How much energy are we talking about in that space? What would happen if you fired a magnetic bullet at it? What would happen in a catastrophic failure?

      Catastrophe?

    2. Re:Magnetic bullet? by gatzke · · Score: 4, Informative

      The small amount of plasma is confined using magnetic forces.

      If they lose containment, the pressure and temperature on the plasma reduce significantly and the reaction no longer takes place. There is no runaway scenario AFAIK.

      I have been down the hall from a tokamak when it is firing. I have also walked next to a tokamak when it is off. I have crawled through stellarator rings. These things are not scary, they are impressive.

    3. Re:Magnetic bullet? by NotAPK · · Score: 1

      What is a "magnetic bullet"?

    4. Re:Magnetic bullet? by PPH · · Score: 2

      What would happen if you fired a magnetic bullet at it?

      Plant security would return fire, killing you instantly.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    5. Re:Magnetic bullet? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've seen things you people wouldn't believe. Attack ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion. I watched C-beams glitter in the dark near the Tannhäuser Gate.

  22. Re: Not gonna happen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It would be challenging but not chaos. In fact for many nations It would be liberating. It would be bad for Americans though, I think since Iraq II reiterated it, they're still the fiat dollar underpinning oil trade. If they lose their position in the middle East giving them massive credit, their incredible debt becomes an issue. Although cons won't want to directly challenge their biggest debtor & market, or it would end badly.

  23. To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    Normally tritium is horribly expansive because very rare ($30000 per grams...). That would be a killer cost for fusion reactor. So a blanket of Lithium is added to the vessel, and the neutron hitting it, produce tritium and helium. That is where the "tritium is bred from lithium, so essentially free" from parent post come from.

    1. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      So a blanket of Lithium is added to the vessel, and the neutron hitting it, produce tritium and helium. That is where the "tritium is bred from lithium, so essentially free" from parent post come from.

      I had no idea that lithium was free.

      I guess that since you add yeast to a sugary concoction, and it pisses out alcohol, that ethanol is free too. Who knew?

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    2. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 1

      By my calculation, the ~1g of lithium in a common phone, if converted to tritium, could generate enough electricity to power a typical household for several years. So the cost of the lithium itself is negligible.

      The costs involved with gathering and handling the tritium would be a different story.

    3. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      By my calculation, the ~1g of lithium in a common phone, if converted to tritium, could generate enough electricity to power a typical household for several years. So the cost of the lithium itself is negligible.

      The costs involved with gathering and handling the tritium would be a different story.

      What percentage efficiency of conversion are you using?

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    4. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 1

      Do you mean thermal efficiency? I pegged it at somewhat less than 50%, like most power plants:

      $ units
      You have: 1g / (7 g/mol / avogadro ) * 17.5 MeV
      You want: kWh
              * 67003.703

      Since a typical household electricity use is about 9000 kWh/year, at 35% efficiency, that would be several years worth.

      If you mean transmutation efficiency, it doesn't matter. You keep recycling the lithium until it converts. As I pointed out, the overall cost of that process could be high, but the cost of the raw lithium is insignificant.

    5. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      I had no idea that lithium was free.

      I said "essentially free", meaning that its cost is negligible compared to deuterium. A gram of lithium costs about a quarter if you must know. The tritium is a by-product of the neutrons from the fusion reaction reacting with the lithium, usually when molten lithium surrounds the fusion reactor. Removal of the tritium from the molten metal seems pretty straightforward and cheap (the patent explains the entire breeding process).

      Did that answer your question, or do you require a more detailed explanation?

    6. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by bugs2squash · · Score: 1

      So... sell the tritium and buy coal

      --
      Nullius in verba
    7. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Do you mean thermal efficiency? I pegged it at somewhat less than 50%, like most power plants:

      $ units You have: 1g / (7 g/mol / avogadro ) * 17.5 MeV You want: kWh * 67003.703

      Since a typical household electricity use is about 9000 kWh/year, at 35% efficiency, that would be several years worth.

      If you mean transmutation efficiency, it doesn't matter. You keep recycling the lithium until it converts. As I pointed out, the overall cost of that process could be high, but the cost of the raw lithium is insignificant.

      But not 0. My entire thrust was that people were saying Lithium is "essentially free". Tell me exactly how much Li is going to be used in the first commercial fusion power generation plant, and tell me that it is "essentially free". Looking forward to your precise figures.

      This "essentially" attitude is why a lot of people don't trust nuc power. Remember, nuclear electricity generation is "too cheap to meter", as told to us by Lewis Strauss, no less an authority than the Chairman of the US AEC. Sorry muchacho, there is no particular part of the process that is insignificant, not the cost, not the composition, not the housing, not anything. Well maybe the flowers planted around the power plant. Then again, we might want to specify some hyper accumulators for phytoremidiation if there was an accident, so as to get a head start on the cleanup.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    8. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Did that answer your question, or do you require a more detailed explanation?

      You answered my question, but you didn't give me the answer you thought you did. Do you know the exact amount of Lithium that is going to be used in the first commercial fusion power generating station? Have you worked with Lithium?

      You need to understand that when using words like "essentially free", you are saying that it is a trivial matter. You won't understand that however. You are going to say that you were not talking about the handling and containment, just the purchase price, which you have predetermined to be "essentially free"... There is no part of generating power with these genies in a bottle that is trivial, and just between us chachalacas, pronouncing a vital component as essentially free before the first watt of commercial power has been generated is hubris on a grand level.

      I wouldn't hire you as part of the process, I can tell you that. If you came in looking for a job in this matter, and told me that a critical part of the whole endeavor was essentially free, I'd determine you weren't suitable for the task. And I'd be right.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    9. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 1

      Where did anybody in this thread say that the entire fusion generation infrastructure was free, cheap or even moderately priced?

      All anybody said was the cost of the frigging LITHIUM was insignificant. Then you come in and ask for people to back that up with numbers, because after all, it can't actually cost zero. Well, it's been spelled out for you: A year's worth of a typical household's electricity involves a few cents of lithium.

      Now you change the subject and point out that whole fusion generation infrastructure could still be expensive, just like overpriced fission plants. Well, no shit.

      But don't sit there with smug superiority, because that's not the silly question you asked in the first place. You asked *specifically* about the cost of the input material.

    10. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 1

      > By my calculation, the ~1g of lithium in a common phone

      Li6. Not useful.

    11. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      All anybody said was the cost of the frigging LITHIUM was insignificant. Then you come in and ask for people to back that up with numbers, because after all, it can't actually cost zero.

      No, the anybody said it was "essentially free". If the anybody said "insignificant", the discussion would have gone a little differently.

      The reason I asked the as yet unanswerable question regarding amounts is because we don't know how much there might be needed. We don't know how it is to be contained - it is an alkaline metal after all. And alkaline metals and atomics has an interesting and not terribly positive history.

      Which is all to say that while yes, the cost of using Lithium might be relatively insignificant, even if we aren't sure yet.

      But statements like "essentially free" are irresponsible hubris. You might disagree. That's okay Hubris is not all that rare, especially in a field like fusion power, where the going has been slow indeed. But I personally have "essentially no" patience for it.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    12. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      Have you worked with Lithium?

      Yes.

      You need to understand that when using words like "essentially free", you are saying that it is a trivial matter.

      AC was asking about the cost of the fuel, not the cost of construction or engineering. And, yes, the cost and amount of lithium consumed as fuel is a trivial matter compared to the cost of the deuterium, which itself isn't very expensive in the amounts used by a fusion plant.

      I wouldn't hire you as part of the process,

      Well, luckily, I'm not applying for work designing nuclear power plants, and even more luckily, it is unlikely that you are in charge of hiring people for critical positions.

    13. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      The reason I asked the as yet unanswerable question regarding amounts is because we don't know how much there might be needed.

      You need a little over 1 mol of lithium to produce 1 mol of tritium.

      But statements like "essentially free" are irresponsible hubris. You might disagree.

      I certainly do disagree. My back of the envelope calculation suggests that the cost of fuel (deuterium, lithium) for fusion power plants is a tiny fraction of that for fossil fuel power plants. That's true even if the calculation is off by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, there is no scarcity of either lithium or deuterium.

      That doesn't mean that fusion power is cheap (as you naively believe I implied), it means that the cost of fusion power is in the engineering and operation. Long term, that means we can decrease the cost of fusion power through better engineering and design, instead of being limited by the vagaries of nature and scarce resources.

    14. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Have you worked with Lithium?

      Yes.

      Rule number one is not to be cavalier about an alkali metal.

      And the cost of Lithium is not merely in the purchase price of the metal.

      Regardless, I think we've taken this about as far as we can, so You can continue to believe that it is "Essentially free" as you like.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    15. Re:To be clear for those not familiar with concept by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rule number one is not to be cavalier about an alkali metal.

      I guess you violated that and the resulting explosion caused some serious brain damage.

      Regardless, I think we've taken this about as far as we can, so You can continue to believe that it is "Essentially free" as you like.

      Well, and I'll be sure not to apply for any jobs at the nuclear power plant you believe you are running in your mom's basement.

  24. Sun in a jar, never by darkob · · Score: 1

    Yeah, right. Stop dreaming about "Sun in a jar" as phisics and numbers for anything viable simply don't add up. Sun produces about 300 Watts of power per cubic meter of matter inside it's core. I do admire the zeal, and many good discoveries will probably come out of the research, but if the goal is to have sustained fusion inside a container, that would produce much more energy then it requires, it's just never, and I mean, never, gonna happend.

    1. Re:Sun in a jar, never by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Sun produces about 300 Watts of power per cubic meter of matter inside it's core."

      Sun does not like extra apostrophe. Sun says it's means it is.

    2. Re:Sun in a jar, never by Jerry · · Score: 1

      Calculate: Energy of Sun output divided by volume of Sun: (8.4 * 10 ^ 48 Joules) / (1.4 * 10 ^ 18 cubic meters) =6*10^30
      That's 6X10^30 joules/m^3. If I were to use just the volume of the core it would be significantly larger.

      --

      Running with Linux for over 20 years!

    3. Re:Sun in a jar, never by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where did you get that number? did you just divide the output by the total volume of the sun? Hit: fusion does not occur in the entire mass of the sun...

    4. Re:Sun in a jar, never by HuguesT · · Score: 1

      By models:

      At the center of the Sun, fusion power is estimated by models to be about 276.5 watts/m3.[1] Despite its intense temperature, the peak power generating density of the core overall is similar to an active compost heap, and is lower than the power density produced by the metabolism of an adult human. The Sun is much hotter than a compost heap due to the Sun's enormous volume.[2]

      Ref [1] here.
      Ref [2] this page, which is not very good; and a simple model here.

  25. with fusion we can control the environment by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    With nearly unlimited energy we can control the environment. To much Co2 we can remove it, ect. This is a class 1 civilization... something we should try for, before its to late.

    We seem to spending most of our budget on wars though.... Although highly entertaining, wars dont seem to do very much except to cause strife... this is what we need to change... the technology is easy... getting our shit together seams to be the problem. :(

    Common folks... lets just spend enough on weapons to keep our nuclear arms operational, and the rest on getting our shit together... just a thought. :)

  26. Old news by Hognoxious · · Score: 1, Insightful

    The technology has been workable since the 1960s, but big oil ,.&*(
    no carrier

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    1. Re:Old news by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      Oil powers cars, not so much power plants. You should be blaming 'big coal.'

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    2. Re:Old news by AnotherBlackHat · · Score: 1

      You should be blaming 'big coal.'

      That should be "King Coal".

    3. Re:Old news by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      A cheap energy source would facilitate:
        a) the synthesis of POL - like WW2 Germany did,
        b) replacements for oil (hydrogen, fuel cells).

      Neither of those is what oil companies want.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    4. Re:Old news by SuricouRaven · · Score: 1

      Coal and gas.

  27. Re: To be clear for those not familiar with concep by Z00L00K · · Score: 2

    I'm not sure about how expansive it is - it should be similar to ordinary hydrogen gas. But it's expensive to produce tritium and that's a different matter.

    But all we talk about is matter.

    --
    If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  28. Whiskey in a jar, always by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

    Why so negative? All those negative vibes is killing our mood.

    --
    If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  29. I will hazard a guess by Dunbal · · Score: 1

    This technology is expected to be fully developed and commercially implemented in.... 20 years. I've been hearing that one for the past 40 years.

    --
    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
  30. Decouverte (french but very interesting) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://ici.radio-canada.ca/tele/decouverte/2016-2017/episodes/368648

    1. Re:Decouverte (french but very interesting) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, now I know that "404" in French is "404".

  31. Re: Not gonna happen by TheRaven64 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    His point is that there aren't really any oil companies left anymore. Most of the 'big oil' companies are now fairly diversified energy companies. Fusion would be great for them, because it has very large capital costs, but huge return on investment, meaning that only companies with experience in power systems and a lot of spare capital will be in a good place to be first movers. They wouldn't want to kill this, they'd want to own it and be the first to provide electricity in the kinds of quantities promised by fusion.

    --
    I am TheRaven on Soylent News
  32. Should have a Deep Impact.... by duckintheface · · Score: 5, Interesting

    given that among the authors of the Nature paper are R. C. Wolf and C. Biedermann. This Wolf-Biedermann project will of course produce high energy neutrons which must leave magnetic confinement in order to provide useful energy. When these neurtons strike metallic shielding material in the walls of the "stellerator" they generate radioactive elements via the process called neutron activation. And these radioactive elements release gamma rays, alpha and beta particles, x-rays and other components collectively referred to as radioactive waste. So when this ad from the 1950s claims there will be no radioactive waste, it is not telling the truth.

    --
    "He took a duck in the face at 250 knots." -- William Gibson, Pattern Recognition
    1. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Does that mean VW should think twice before using this to replace their diesels?

    2. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by duckintheface · · Score: 1

      I think you are correct. Especially since this is more like a warehouse than a jar.

      --
      "He took a duck in the face at 250 knots." -- William Gibson, Pattern Recognition
    3. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by tchdab1 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Anything generating large amounts of high-energy neutrons is going to be a pain in the ass to keep clean and non-toxic. And, while research is always its own reward, any energy source that's also a neutron source should be put on the shelf until/if we max out renewables.

    4. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1

      ... given that among the authors of the Nature paper are R. C. Wolf and C. Biedermann.

      Didn't those guys die in a car accident while frantically racing to report a comet that wouldn't impact for well over a year?

      [ Truly, one of the dumbest moments in a movie full of dumb things. Though, I did enjoy: (a) Morgan Freeman's line, as the President, "Now, it may seem like we have each other over the same barrel, Ms Lerner, but it just seems that way." and (b) Téa Leoni's reaction when she figures out what E.L.E. means. ]

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    5. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by HiThere · · Score: 2

      That's an overbroad statement, but it's true that this is being well oversold as a "clean energy source". But if it can be made to work properly there are several environments where it would be the best choice. The questions are things like "How much maintenance would it require?", "How self-contained can it be made?", "How small/light/cheap can it be made?" Etc.

      This should produce a lot less waste than a fission reactor (though there are interesting claims being made about the molten salt reactors) and after full development might be the superior choice of power in places like Antarctica, the moon, Mars, interstellar ships, etc. The problem is getting from this early development model to a final model.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    6. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Using the H-H reaction requires four hydrogen atoms, two to become neutrons... and since absorption of those neutrons is not 100% you have to have more available...

      Using the D-D reactions only requires two deuterium atoms... and little to no leakage. It also only produces half the energy.

      And the Deuterium is much harder to get as it is much much more rare than hydrogen.

    7. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by russotto · · Score: 1

      I've found that by surrounding it with a jacket of depleted uranium, the so-called "nuclear waste" can be instead be a byproduct with very high market value, especially in certain middle-eastern countries.

    8. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      And, while research is always its own reward,

      Let's research the effects of eating metallic sodium.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    9. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I drive a Volt that gets 250 mpg. I am literally better than you.

    10. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by Pharago · · Score: 1

      Helium-3, lets mine the moon

    11. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes. None of the articles about this mention neutron flux causing serious radiation and deterioration of materials. As I understand it the major source of energy coming off of the reactor is neutrons and they have to be absorbed to get useful energy. All the charged particles are contained. So the absorbed neutrons half to heat something and that something will transmute into lithium->tritium, water->tritium, etc.

    12. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Here's how to combine a fission and fusion reactor to deal with neutrons. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion-fission_hybrid

    13. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Idiot

    14. Re: Should have a Deep Impact.... by LinuxLuver · · Score: 1

      They just won't turn their Geiger counters on and everything will be fine.

      --
      Only boring people are ever bored.
    15. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by MercTech · · Score: 1

      As fusion inherently creates less High-Z byproducts; yes, a fusion reactor would generate less radioactive waste from the fuel cycle. But, activation products would be similar to a fission reactor.

                What the article completely ignores is that the Wendelstein project is a proof of concept prototype and not intended to be an operational power generation plant. The concept to be proven is that a laboratory grade design of a fusion reactor that creates a few percent more power than it takes to operate can be scaled up to an industrial size facility that could actually generate usable levels of power. Think like EBR-1 or Vermont Yankee back int eh 50s as proof of concept for industrial size fission plants. The facility is the better part of a decade into construction and has several more years to go before the first low power testing can be accomplished.

                If the concept proofs well; there will still be several more engineering iterations before you can expect a turn key design that will function efficiently. Heck, it took 30 years of shaking things out before we go the BWR-6 BWR design or the AP-1000 PWR design turn key nuclear power plants.

      --
      NRRPT/RCT
    16. Re:Should have a Deep Impact.... by MercTech · · Score: 1

      You do realize that any nuclear process for generating power requires neutrons to function?
      Activation products are controlled by choice of structural materials, corrosion controls, and control of waste and byproducts.
      And you have the nuclides that are intentionally created by neutron bombardment such as medical radionuclides.
      Check the facts and leave the FUD for the scary yellow journalism that misinforms the masses.
      (FUD => Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt. Commonly used to separate the gullible from the contents of their wallets.)

      --
      NRRPT/RCT
  33. No it doesn't by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

    If the makers really were promising infinite energy, I think the rest of their math woudl need to be looked at again.

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    1. Re:No it doesn't by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isaac Asimov's short story "The Last Question" immediately came to mind - "Twenty billion years isn't forever", and "everything's got to run down someday."

    2. Re:No it doesn't by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They just haven't applied the initial conditions yet.

  34. Re: Not gonna happen by prefec2 · · Score: 1

    Big Oil is not investing in solar power, wind turbines or storage technology which will be the choice of alternative energy for now. Why should they invest in fusion?

  35. Fake news by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fake news. There is a finite amount of energy in the known universe. OK mainstream media, time to delist and blacklist this site. Advertisers, turn off the money taps.

  36. 10 Years by the_mushroom_king · · Score: 0

    Sustainable fusion is only 10 or so years away now. Progress has been steady, it was 10 years away about 10 years ago as well ...

  37. Re: Not gonna happen by coastwalker · · Score: 1

    Why should a capitalist corporation bother investing in developing fusion when governments are doing the spending for them? Since they have the politicians in their back pockets they will have no difficulty getting access to the technology for free if it ever succeeds. Big Oil is just investment capital looking for an investment, research is what the public pay for with their taxes.

    --
    Facts are history now plebs have politics for religion on social media.
  38. It works* by CanadianMacFan · · Score: 1

    * - For some definition of works.

    All they've done is create the plasma. All that's left is the fusion part. Just the easy bit left I'm sure they're saying. /s

    1. Re:It works* by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The plasma is actually the hard bit, fusion itself is not. Tho they haven't done that yet either in any fusion reactory prototype in the way it will be needed. Just that the plan they laid out about getting there is so far holding up well. Afaik Wendelstein 7-X is so far farthest along in that challenge.

      The plasma ist the important bit since that is what prevents fusion working in practice: the plasma botches up the containment vessel every time so far in a very short time frame with every type of fusion reactor.. This pretty much means you have to build a new reactor before the old one ever produces energy. So you need to create a plasma that doesn't kill the containment before you can actually fuse nuclei.

      Another hard challenge ist to actually extract the energy from the fusion, but first steps first.

  39. Re:Not gonna happen by jonwil · · Score: 1

    The oil companies and oil producing nations dont care about things like this because it doesn't hurt them. This project (or any other project that changes how electricity is generated) has a near-zero impact on the demand for oil for use as a fuel.

  40. Take My Money by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I want my Star Jar now.

  41. Unforseen consequences by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I hope there are none, since Dr Freeman seems to be on an indefinite hiatus.

  42. Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I'm afraid that this design, like nearly all modern fusion designs, relies on deuterium-tritium fusion. Both are awkward, expensive, and even dangerous to produce and refine. Tritium, in particular has a quite short half-life and is best refined from nuclear waste at fission plants. If you are already producing enough tritium to run fusion reactors, you already have more than enough fission plants to provide far more and far more reliable energy. There are numerous old papers laying out the difficulties, such as http://fire.pppl.gov/fesac_dp_.... Note that it's theoretically possible to generate more tritium than is currently generated by switcing to "breeder" fission reactors, but those have proven extremely dangerous to manage due to their use in creating plutonium, which is quite useful for nuclear weapon building. It's a very dangerous technology, and the generation of tritium on a commercial scale would be tied to creating _far_ more plutonium than is currently created.

    The only currently feasible, safer, and scalable source of deuterium and tritium for fusion reactors is solar sails, capturing the more refinable percentage of such particles in solar wind. Since a solar sail is already capturing approximately 20 KW/square meter of sail from electromagnetic solar radiation, that is a vastly safer and easier to handle power source than collecting and shipping the isotopes of hydrogen to the necessary fusion reactor. Much like building a vast array of breeder reactors to generate tritium for fusion reactors, there is _no point_ to trying to run a fusion plant when the collection and refinement plant itself generates far more directly usable energy than can even theoretically be produced by D-T fusion.

    I'll simplify by using the metaphor a colleague gave me recently. The refinement of deuterium and tritium for fusion power is like heating homes by burning the signs and posters put up to protest nuclear power plants. It can be done in theory, but it is not efficient and does not scale well.

    1. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by edxwelch · · Score: 1

      ah no, deuterium is produced from heavy water and the tritium is produced in the fusion reactor itself from litium. No need for breeder reactors at all.

    2. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Breeder fission reactors have not proven to be "extremely dangerous to manage".

    3. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by dbreeze · · Score: 1

      "Since a solar sail is already capturing approximately 20 KW/square meter of sail from electromagnetic solar radiation," How close to the sun is your sail or are you meaning over a 24 hour period?

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
      " Average annual solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1366 W/m2.[6][7] The radiation is distributed across the electromagnetic spectrum. About half is infrared light.[8] The Sun's rays are attenuated as they pass through the atmosphere, leaving maximum normal surface irradiance at approximately 1000 W /m2 at sea level on a clear day. When 1367 W/m2 is arriving above the atmosphere (as when the earth is one astronomical unit from the sun), direct sun is about 1050 W/m2, and global radiation on a horizontal surface at ground level is about 1120 W/m2.[9] The latter figure includes radiation scattered or reemitted by atmosphere and surroundings. The actual figure varies with the Sun's angle and atmospheric circumstances. Ignoring clouds, the daily average insolation for the Earth is approximately 6 kWh/m2 = 21.6 MJ/m2."

      --
      When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law he tore his robes.2Kings22:11
    4. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      Thank you for the reference. My ballpark memory is from old solar power experiments yielding roughly 2 Watt/cm^2.

    5. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 1

      > The only currently feasible ... is solar sails

      I think you need to look up the definition of feasible. It does not include "that thing that we have never successfully deployed even at the scale of a pocket square", nor "spend billions of dollars to get something we can scoop up off a dry lake in Bolivia".

      > colleague gave me recently

      You work in the comic book industry?

    6. Re:Deiterium-Tritisum Fusion no good for power by HuguesT · · Score: 1

      Sodium fire propagating to the core? Would make Tchernobyl look like a walk in the park.

  43. By any other name by sacrilicious · · Score: 1

    If there's a difference between "Star in a jar" and "Cold Fusion", then I cannot for the life of me tell what it would be. The summary very strangely doesn't clarify at all, instead simply to contrast SIAJ to Fission. If they're hoping we won't notice that this sounds exactly like cold fusion, they're going to be disappointed. The whole approach makes me think this is marketing-heavy rather than science-heavy, which bodes very poorly for their actual progress.

    --
    - First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then ???, then profit.
    1. Re:By any other name by JustNiz · · Score: 1

      The biggest difference is heat. A LOT of it.

    2. Re:By any other name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They're as different as gay and straight sex.

    3. Re:By any other name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So, not very different then.

    4. Re:By any other name by sacrilicious · · Score: 1

      [Cold Fusion and Star-in-a-jar] are as different as gay and straight sex.

      Your answer makes me feel like I'm watching Star Trek and they just got to the part where they offer an overly-simple metaphor that "clarifies" something highly complicated or nuanced. As illustrated by this Futurama episode that spotlights StarTrek:

      Fry: Usually on the show, they came up with a complicated plan, then explained it with a simple analogy.
      Leela: Hmmm... If we can re-route engine power through the primary weapons and configure them to Melllvar's frequency, that should overload his electro-quantum structure.
      Bender: Like putting too much air in a balloon!
      Fry: Of course! It's all so simple!
      ...
      Leela: It's not working! He's gaining strength from our weapons!
      Fry: Like a balloon, when... something bad happens!

      --
      - First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then ???, then profit.
  44. Not Infinite but Still Useful by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 4, Interesting

    it has been fifty years in the future for the last fifty years. Given the recent success of renewables and advancing battery and storage technology, fusion is unlikely to ever see the light of day.

    Actually it has been 50 years in the future for more like the past 70 years. However while fusion power is nowhere close to infinite and, given the complexity of the reactor unlikely to be cheap, it would still be very worthwhile to have. Renewable energy sources have limited capacities and require a lot of area which means they have a limited ability to fill our energy needs so while their capacity can certainly be increased going all renewable is unlikely any time soon.

    This may not be much of an issue in North America but in places like Europe finding enough area for all the solar, wind and wave power needed is unlikely to happen because people do not want to live next to a wind turbine or even in sight of one. Building wave power schemes has similar issues as people complain about the environmental impact. Battery technology is also a very long way from being able to cope with the massive storage requirements to counter the variability which would then require enormous numbers of pumped storage schemes. So having a pollution free alternative to coal and gas will still be extremely useful.

    1. Re:Not Infinite but Still Useful by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Not all renewable resources require large area. Solar Space Power Satellites, e.g., don't require a lot of area, and have a potential smooth path of development (via powering other vehicles in space, e.g. allowing ion rockets to go beyond Jupiter without using on board fission power).

      OTOH, SPSS aren't all that flexible, and if you use tightly focusable E.M. to deliver the power they have the potential to be dangerous. (Delivery to Earth by microwave looks pretty good, but it would louse up a part of the radio spectrum that can easily get through rain. And power transmission via laser is going to either be very low power or very dangerous.)

      IOW, every single form of energy generation/delivery has it's drawbacks. Solar and wind can't be started up whenever you need them, e.g., necessitating lots of network ballast and storage.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    2. Re:Not Infinite but Still Useful by catprog · · Score: 1

      SPSS are also extremely expensive. (on this scale everything else is cheap )

      --
      My Transformation Website
      Kindle Books http://www.catprog.org/rev
      Interactive CYOA http://www.catprog.org/st
    3. Re:Not Infinite but Still Useful by HiThere · · Score: 1

      That's not correct. A SPSS designed to power other vehicles in space would not necessarily, or even probably, be a lot more expensive than other ways of powering them. It might also be useful for lunar bases, but that's a lot less likely.

      One sized to transmit power down to earth would, indeed, probably be excessively expensive. Certainly with current technologies. The problem with powering "vehicles" in space is directionality, and, to a lesser extent, beam spreading. But the needed power levels are sufficiently low that directionality would dominate...unless you start thinking of this as a way to power a vasimir or an interstellar probe. Even so, it would likely be cheap compared to the alternatives (though for an interstellar probe a moon based site might be preferable, if you could live with only being powered for two weeks out of every four).

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    4. Re:Not Infinite but Still Useful by RockDoctor · · Score: 1

      Delivery to Earth by microwave looks pretty good, but it would louse up a part of the radio spectrum that can easily get through rain.

      Do you want to use a delivery band which can be dispersed by atmospheric water (vapour, or as discrete liquid drops or solid grains)?

      No, I didn't think so - the prospect of the energy beam being significantly defocussed and dropping energy where it shouldn't ... is not good (see footnote).

      So, since the typical planned lifetime for energy infrastructure is on the order of a half-century, but the replacement time for on-surface radio communication systems is closer to a decade than to a half-century, you choose a waveband for your power systems to operate on in (say) 10 years and start building that system (it'll take years to build), while advertising that in 4 years licensing of new radio communications equipment designs in that waveband will stop, and manufacture of existing designs will stop a couple of years beyond that (to allow planned change-overs in a reasonable ground equipment cycle). Changes of equipment generations are pains in the bum, but can be done.

      [Footnote] I'm less than 100% convinced that defocussing would be a real problem. If you're using ground antennae covering dimensions on the order of an atmosphere-thickness (~10km for ~50% of the atmosphere), quite how is that defocussing going to work? It'd be like - did you ever do a "contact sheet" in the darkroom, where you lay your negatives directly on the printing paper to produce a sheet of comparably-exposed positive images? Well, could you get the image of the negative out of focus in that system? Even if you put a sheet of frosted film between the negatives and the emulsion, you'd still get adequate focus. Hell, I've put the bloody paper into the holder upside down - so the paper base is between the negative and the emulsion - and got a usable contact sheet out of the developer (after a bit of over-developing, it is true). So I'm not sure that an atmospheric absorbed band would even be that much of a problem. If you were talking about having a power reception dish on every house or office roof ... no, that would just be inefficient for collecting power - no better than solar. Or you''d literally have to be bathing the whole surface of the Earth in radiation of an intensity greater than that of the Sun, in which case, again, you might as well use solar. The housing and business density of your cities would be limited by the intensity of soar radiation, which would also mean that non-tropical cities would have a lower density than tropical ones, adding to their thermal problems.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
    5. Re:Not Infinite but Still Useful by Keith+Henson · · Score: 1

      I worked this out a few years ago for David MacKay (RIP). It took about 4% of the area of the UK to bring down enough power.

      On the other hand, the rectennas can be put over farmland (20%) or pasture (40%).

      Re expensive, they are to get started, order of $100 B, but constructed for $2400/kW ($12 B for 5 GW) they make power for 3 cents a kWh, and could go down to 2 cents. The trick here is to get the cost to lift the parts out to GEO down under $200/kg and the mass down to 6.5 kg/kW. Both look to be doable. Reaction Engines in the UK is working on Skylon and its engine. At the flight rate needed, their estimate is around $100/kg to LEO. From there up, it's arcjets using power beaming at 25 GHz to get the rectenna size down. Couple of videos are linked off www.htyp.org/DTC (for design to cost).

      --
      End MGM. Get prospective parents of boys to Google: Men do complain
  45. Re: Not gonna happen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    LFTRs burn up that waste and turn it into ~100X the energy those crappy LWRs ever made.

  46. Re: To be clear for those not familiar with concep by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A college buddy of mine made a homemade expulsive in the lab.

    It blew him right out of school!

  47. Re: Not gonna happen by prefec2 · · Score: 1

    You are right depending the fusion development, but in case of renewables, the oil companies could invest a lot and be the next big thing. But they don't, which indicates that they are not able to survive in future.

  48. Re:Not gonna happen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you have enough energy available, you can make hydrocarbon chemical fuel from water and CO2. It's an enormously inefficient process, but if energy costs are low enough then it can still be cheaper than drilling + pumping + refining oil. (Not to mention, it's carbon neutral.)

    It'll be a long time (if ever) before wind or solar prices get low enough to make that an option. LFTRs or an ADS or other liquid-fuel, thorium-based reactor might be sufficient if the operational costs of the reactor can be made low enough. It seems likely that a working fusion reactor would be cheap enough.

  49. Physics Violation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Unlike a traditional fission reactor, which splits atoms of heavy elements to generate energy, a fusion reactor works by fusing the nuclei of lighter atoms into heavier atoms. The process releases massive amounts of energy and produces no radioactive waste.

    So we can get energy by splitting or fusing atoms? As someone completely ignorant on the subjects of fission and fusion (and with a fading memory of middle school science), I do not understand how this does not violate some fundamental law of nature.

    1. Re:Physics Violation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Iron is the most stable atom. Smaller atoms (e.g hydrogen) can be fused. Larger atoms (e.g. uranium) can be split.

    2. Re:Physics Violation? by PPH · · Score: 1

      And when we have converted everything to iron, we're finished.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
  50. Abundant fuel, energy is not unlimited by burtosis · · Score: 1

    There are about 10^15 tons of deturium in seawater, making each gallon of it as energetic as roughly 300 gallons of gasoline. Big questions are how efficient can we make this process, and at what price as well as if we can breed enough tritium from li6 from slow neutrons or 7 from fast ones if it's not a pure deturium reaction.

  51. Mr. Fusion for my house? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Mr. Fusion for my house? Want something I buy every 20-40 yrs to power the house and cars.

  52. w00t! by jpellino · · Score: 1

    Now fusion power is only 29 years away!

    --
    "Win treats sysadmins better than users. Mac treats users better than sysadmins. Linux treats everyone like sysadmins."
  53. Reminds me of "magnetic universe" &... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject & this link about "Primer Fields" https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Primer+Fields/ & it makes sense as you can SEE his results right there (very, VERY interesting - all this crap about 'dark matter' falls apart as this model functions from our "frame of relativistic reality" down to the subatomic level as well).

    * IF this article's right (magnetic fusion sounds much like electro-static fusion imo)? Then, it only makes the link above all the more sound too!

    (Suns/Stars then work on this principle basically... & not only that, but Mr. LaPoint in the video is working on a power source that sounds much like this one (magnetic bottles containing a plasma core reaction that shows 'magnetic stress patterns' around it using metal filings in cones that encase the magnetic field & everything in this universe has a magnetic field - again, see what's in that link above, as I don't describe it well...)

    APK

    P.S.=> I'm no scientist in this area but I know what my eyes have seen in the link above so take a peek & decide for yourselves if they both make sense together as well... apk

  54. At least $50 billion invested by oil companies by raymorris · · Score: 3, Informative

    The large oil companies have at least $50 billion invested in renewable energy. Google it.

    You mentioned storage technology and wind. Here's example news from just one week last year. Total SA, the French oil supermajor, spent $1.1 billion to buy the battery maker Saft Groupe SA, complementing its 2011 purchase of a majority stake in the solar-panel maker SunPower Corp on a Monday. The next day, Canadian pipeline company Enbridge Inc. it would pay $218 million for stakes in offshore wind farms as it attempts to double its low-carbon generating capacity.

  55. Good luck, Europe (and China) by ThatsNotPudding · · Score: 0

    Because not one near-worthless American dime will be spent on alternative energy research in now Big Oil America. I also fully expect any and all solar / wind subsidies to be eliminated (hell, they'll probably be levied a Big Oil Butt-Hurt tax to compensate for the Oil Patch's hard times).

    On the plus side, you will actually be able to see the air that will kill you visibly descend.

    1. Re:Good luck, Europe (and China) by Jerry · · Score: 1

      "Because not one near-worthless American dime will be spent on alternative energy research in now Big Oil America. I also fully expect any and all solar / wind subsidies to be eliminated (hell, they'll probably be levied a Big Oil Butt-Hurt tax to compensate for the Oil Patch's hard times)."
      Taking Hillary's loss rather hard, aren't you?

      Have you bothered to check out how many GW of solar power generating stations have been and are being built? Check out Wikipedia, it has a nice article about the topic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
      Notice that the graphs projecting future trends for Solar power in the US have a hockey stick shape. You know what that means ... it's gone exponential, and the data behind those graphs have not been tampered with, fudged or cherry-picked. Also, note that the countries with the dirtiest air are those controlled by tyrants a/o Marxists. Why should Americans have to pay a Carbon Tax so China can continue to massively pollute the skies of our Planet with impunity?

      --

      Running with Linux for over 20 years!

    2. Re:Good luck, Europe (and China) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are a retard, and have a very distorted view on reality. No wonder you apparently are an asstrumpet.

      Being angry nothing is going to be spent on getting off oil in the coming years is not the same as being bitter that just Hillary didn't win. Fuck, basically anyone but Mr Asstrumpet himself would have been less bad. But hey, basic facts and logic have no place in your world I guess. The question is rather "what are you doing here?", but I suppose the answer to that is "to drag slashdot down even further in the mud", just like with everything else.

      FTR, China is probably the country in the world which is suffering the most from pollution, and they certainly doing things about it, but again, I suppose facts have no place in your little world.

      Please just head for the nearest tree and hang yourself. It would make both your country and the world in general a better place, thanks.

    3. Re:Good luck, Europe (and China) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So salty ;)

  56. Re: To be clear for those not familiar with concep by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Even if tritium were "free" it isn't so cheap to contain/store. Anything with atoms that small and in a gas or plasma state has a pretty high potential to be highly corrosive as well. At least inside magnetic containment inside the reactor you limit the issue but outside in the breeding area greatly complicates the design.

  57. Re: Not gonna happen by Miamicanes · · Score: 1

    Not really. If oil were replaced by a true "global power grid", US dollars would simply become the currency of choice for buying & selling it.

    The value of a US dollar is mainly its liquidity... you could walk into a bar or open-air market in the most backwards country on Earth and buy almost anything with US dollars. Even in Europe, if you walked into a random McDonalds, you could probably find someone in line who'll HAPPILY sell you a 10-Euro note for US$20 by the time it was your turn to order.

    Currency exchange is expensive, so companies try to trade in US dollars AND KEEP THEM STORED as US dollars whenever possible. When an American buys something for 200 Euros on his Citibank Visa card, and a European buys something for $200 with HIS Citibank Visa card (or some national bank that's owned by Citibank anyway), Citi doesn't buy $200 worth of Euros at market rates and 200 Euros worth of Dollars at market rates... it CHARGES both cardholders as if it did, but REALLY just keeps the Dollars as Dollars, and Euros as Euros, unless it literally runs out of one or the other & can't borrow the shortfalling currency for less than the exchange rate. At worst, our hypothetical 200 Euro & Dollar transactions MIGHT result in ~$40 actually being exchanged.

    THAT's why the US Dollar is dominant... you can buy goods and services with it almost anywhere AND often pay less than if you'd uses that country's official currency.

  58. Catastrophe waiting to happen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The W7-X device confines the plasma within magnetic fields generated by superconducting coils cooled down to near absolute zero. The plasma -- at temperatures upwards of 80 million degrees Celsius -- never comes into contact with the walls of the containment chamber.

    So what happens when the magnetic fields generated by superconducting coils fail? What happens when the 80 million degrees Celsius plasma escapes?

    1. Re:Catastrophe waiting to happen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It falls to the floor and cools down? Mass is critical, if it's a gas presumably it turns back into helium or whatever. It's not like a molten mass of uranium falling to the floor anyhow.

  59. So...uh, what happens when... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So...I'm not a scientist, and I don't even play one on TV or anything, but....

    What happens to the eleventy gazillion degree plasma ball when the power goes out?

    I mean, with exactly one exception (which is I believe a single incandescent bulb in a suburban Boston firehouse basement) humankind has never managed continuous, 100% uptime power to a single source.

    How long does it take for the chewy plasma center to cool down when you need to power off the candy magnetic shell? What happens when the external power goes out? How much offline fuel, etc?

  60. Not even fake news by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is just dumb

  61. It's complicated, but let's just say... by jpellino · · Score: 1

    you should buy stock in the StayPuft marshmallow company.

    --
    "Win treats sysadmins better than users. Mac treats users better than sysadmins. Linux treats everyone like sysadmins."
  62. Clickbait free journalism, unlimited information! by istartedi · · Score: 1

    An amazing new breakthrough at the website reddit.com now provides clickbait-free journalism and unlimited information. It's based on a radical new concept known as the "circle jerk", which confines opinions into narrow areas known as "comfort zones". Initial results were not promising until scientists injected marijuana into the circle. Via a process known as "hot boxing", they squared the circle and provided unlimited information by slowing down the perception of time. Since perception is reality (P=mR squared), this provides infinite information.

    --
    For all intensive purposes, "whom" is no longer a word. That begs the question, "who cares"?
  63. You're welcome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You're welcome.

  64. Pie in the sky promises ... by Jerry · · Score: 1

    Ive been seeing propaganda like this for both fission and fusion reactors for the last 60 years, and I'm 75. It started with "Nuclear energy will be so cheap it won't be metered". No mention of the radioactive waste storage problem, which was passed along to future generations and now is a HUGE problem. Then came the fusion reactor promises: "Within 25 years .... ". They were trotted out every five years, along about funding time. This one is no different, except its lies are about its promise to be free of nuclear waste. High temperature plasma can produce high energy Neutrons which make metal brittle, leading to failures. They also strike other atoms, knocking out other Neutrons and Protons, creating radioactive elements. Some of the high energy Neutrons are slowed down, becoming Thermal Neutrons, which allow them to be captured by some atoms, making the atoms radioactive. Of course, the projected per KW costs for consumer electricity never include the processing and storage of radioactive waste products. IF they were honest about that consumers would not opt for nuclear power because it would be too expensive.

    --

    Running with Linux for over 20 years!

  65. FALSE by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What you do here is to whitewash the Banksters and their ideology of "creative destruction". People can sustain only so much destruction of their lifes. Eventually they will decide to go after the Banksters and smoke them out.

    So we better take this seriously.

    1. Re:FALSE by catprog · · Score: 1

      Except for when they find a problem and have to shut down a lot of their nuclear stations.

      --
      My Transformation Website
      Kindle Books http://www.catprog.org/rev
      Interactive CYOA http://www.catprog.org/st
  66. So, Murrican by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ....why do you not leave Iraq RIGHT NOW ? Because you bunch of criminals are actually exploting this nation or you plan to do it.

    You nation is built on criminal action and you prove it time and again. 1 Million killed in Iraq for NOTHING. I hope Karma will come for your nation and exact revenge.

    1. Re:So, Murrican by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ....why do you not leave Iraq RIGHT NOW ?

      Because we want to boil some ISIS-ass in pork-fat. You know the US has been including at least a gallon of pork fat into every napalm bomb, right?

    2. Re:So, Murrican by BlueStrat · · Score: 1

      ....why do you not leave Iraq RIGHT NOW ?

      Because we want to boil some ISIS-ass in pork-fat. You know the US has been including at least a gallon of pork fat into every napalm bomb, right?

      LOL!

      "I love the smell of napalm in the morning. It smells like...Texas pork BBQ!"

      Too funny!

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
  67. This Is The Trial by surd1618 · · Score: 1

    Every race that populates the universe enters this period. 99% of them blow themselves up with fission bombs or poison their worlds before they come up with practical fusion. 99% of the survivors who came up with fusion blow themselves up before they realize that technology is fucked and we should just chill and grow vegetables.

  68. MAST at Culham set to be Brexit casualty by Martin+S. · · Score: 1

    There is a bit of a race going on at the moment to be first. MAST at Culham in the UK is one of the world leaders in this field and is due to be fired up in 2017. However this project is EU funded and will get canned because of BREXIT.

    http://www.ccfe.ac.uk/mast_upg...

  69. New York Brainfuck by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's what you are spouting here. New York International and their relatives and business partners Timoshenko, Nuland, Levy, Merkel et al staged a coup d'etat in Kiev. Timoshenko harbored phantasies of "castrasting" the people of Donezk, because they consider themselves Russians.

    You can have lots of phantasies of killing Russians, but you should also not be afraid of the AK-47, the T34, The SU-34, the Iskander and the Topol-M, then. Fuck with us Vikings and see what happens.

    You might also talk to Clinton, she wanted to destroy us Vikings, too.

    1. Re:New York Brainfuck by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rurik_dynasty
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varangians

  70. Plus by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Kiev burned 50 Russians alive in a building. Do you seriously think the death of Vikings will go not avenged ?

    The holy fury of a Germanic man is unparalleled. Our god Thor can come down on our enemies whenever we call him hard enough.

    Btw. I am not a Russian, but I know our common history and I can look through all the NATO Bullshit at my age now.

    1. Re:Plus by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Vikings? You mean slaves.

      Tough guys against small villages of women and children, but rolled over like pansies whenever even a slightly organized force of mongols or romans wanted to have their way with them. Where do you think the term "slav" comes from?

      Slaves.

  71. Yeah Sure by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And it had nothing to do with taking out a military nuisance for Israel.

    1. Re:Yeah Sure by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      And it had nothing to do with taking out a military nuisance for Israel.

      Different groups had different ways to benefit off of a war in Iraq. The far right social conservatives are always hopeful that a mideast war can grease the skids for armagheddon. Halliburton made wonderful profits from supplying war related activities. Wars also serve as a conservative economic stimulus package.

      But yeah, in order to settle an old family fight, we were going to go into Iraq to settle that score. Everything else was just gravy to some folks.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
  72. No Radioactive Waste my Butt! by mycroft16 · · Score: 1

    Of course fusion produces radioactive waste! It's a nuclear process. It just doesn't produce the same kind of waste that fission produces. Very very high energy neutrons are released by fusion reactions, and whatever those things hit, and are ultimately absorbed by, will become radioactive over time, and will need to be disposed of. Right now they are just trying to get these dang things to turn on. But when they do, if they don't have some method to absorb the neutrons, then the infrastructure of the reactor itself is going to become radioactive over time and need to be disposed of, and a new reactor built.

    1. Re:No Radioactive Waste my Butt! by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      There is fusion without neutrons but the temperature requirements even higher

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

  73. it does not matter really by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    All that lithium that blanket the reactor vessel, it won't disappear. Even if the conversion is low, because the cross section neutron capture is low, if it is enough to sustain the reaction, it will produce enough. And you don't need much. To compare price : lithium is 20$ a Kg, 3H is about 30 million dollar the Kg. And we are speaking of needs in grams so very little of your lithium will disappear/be converted , as a cost. Cents.

  74. Infinite and forever. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You are only hurting yourself by claiming that it will provide energy infinitely or forever, which is a lie

  75. Re: So ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Do you feed yourself or does someone help you?

  76. FALSE by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You bet the oil nations are behind the anti nuclear idiots. France heats with nuclear and basically all nations could do that. It would create lots of highly skilled jobs in the consumer nations. But it would deprive some sand nazis of their Rolls Royces and A380 private airliners. And their ability to fund religious wars from China to Boston.

  77. unintentional puns by q4Fry · · Score: 1

    I see what you dud right there.

  78. Star in a Jar Jar by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Hook it to the EM Drive, and we finally get to meet 3-breasted green chicks!

  79. Lowest possible bar for "working" fusion reactor by WaffleMonster · · Score: 1

    I don't want to hear "it works" until you have something that makes more useful energy than it consumes.

    It can run for a few milliseconds before requiring days or months of repair/refuel before the next run. It can be so far from cost competitive with existing energy generation methods nobody would dare ever build one commercially or even military use.

    It can drain the worlds oceans and or destroy gravity for all I care... Before you say "it works" you must have demonstrated extracting more useful energy than you put in.

  80. Re: To be clear for those not familiar with concep by ooloorie · · Score: 1

    Even if tritium were "free" it isn't so cheap to contain/store

    It's no harder to store than the deuterium or hydrogen. Of course, given its half-life, you can't store it for long anyway.

    Common storage mechanisms are: compression, liquefication, or as metal hydrides (including just leaving it as LiT).

  81. ignorant and stupid summary by iggymanz · · Score: 1

    this is merely a plasma confinement testing machine, it will consume immense amount of energy and produce nothing.

    no fusion plant on earth will use ordinary hydrogen as a fuel as the sun does, that produces far far too little energy for a given volume of fuel

    fusion is no closer because of 7-x than it was before it was built

    what marketing droid wrote the moronic summary?

  82. Uh, Lockheed anyone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why are so few people in here (at current count 2) not mentioning Lockheed?

    They announced publicly plans to demo a milspec prototype compact fusion reactor (energy positive, people!) in 2014:

    http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/press-releases/2014/october/141015ae_lockheed-martin-pursuing-compact-nuclear-fusion.html

    The civvy reactor is supposed to be ready in 2024.

    Also fusion can and will produce unwanted by-products, which is why straight-hydrogen fusion is probably not the way to go. These guys have been pushing their concept on Indiegogo for awhile:

    https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/focus-fusion-empowertheworld--3#/

    Have to wonder if they're working with or against the Lockheed team.

    1. Re:Uh, Lockheed anyone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Er why are so few people in here mentioning Lockheed, not "not mentioning Lockheed". Grr sorry about that.

  83. The real secret energy source... by dbreeze · · Score: 1

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?... This is the tech that's being silenced because....well...$.

    --
    When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law he tore his robes.2Kings22:11
  84. and what could possibly go wrong by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    in order to increase energy yield, engineers feeding it until it became as dense as your average american. It then promptly collapsed into a point black hole and devoured the earth.

  85. economic disruption by countach · · Score: 1

    I wonder if all the investors in wind turbines or for that matter conventional power plants have thought about that they are instantly out of business if they actually get this working.

    1. Re:economic disruption by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      not a chance of this machine "working" in that sense. this 7-x machine is only for research on confining plasma for a long period of time (many minutes). It is not an energy producing fusion reactor, nor is there any known way to make one though this machine might be a stepping stone to that goal. go ahead and buy those windmills or solar panels if you're in an area where they are useful and cost/benefit is good.

  86. Humanity must work the atom to become spacefaring by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Be it fission or fusion, renewables aka solar power (aka fusion at 93 million miles) aren't going to haul anyone's backside to any of the nearby stars, nor is it likely to make for a good permanent habitat on Mars, and probably not even for the moon (there's that whole half-a-month-of-darkness power storage problem).

    If you want to leave Earth, embrace the nukes.

  87. Must work for a telecom (Unlimited!!!) by fox171171 · · Score: 1

    "'Star In a Jar' Fusion Reactor Works, Promises Infinite Energy"

    Really? Infinite energy? That sounds like more energy than there is in the entire universe, let alone on Earth.

    The "fuel" used in a fusion reactor is simple hydrogen, which can be extracted from water.

    And eventually we would have no water left, so still definitely not infinite.

    No pesky neutrons to worry about, if the fuel is "simple hydrogen".

  88. "Star in a jar" technology by Kim_Essentials · · Score: 1

    This "'star in a jar' technology would essentially provide Earth with limitless clean energy, forever." Wow, this an amazing project. This would certainly rejuvenate the life of our atmosphere. I salute the scientists for their hard work and dedication!

  89. Re: Humanity must work the atom to become spacefar by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Half a moon in darkness, just like earth. The half in darkness isn't constant, which you can tell because we have months.

  90. Re: Not gonna happen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    How many of these magical "LFTR"-s are there at present? Where?

  91. Re: Humanity must work the atom to become spacefa by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You mean days...

  92. I read this in 1965 science book for children by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I remember all of this from the Horizon Book of Science. I read it in 1965. They even mentioned the stellarator.

  93. The actual article says: long time yet by boutell · · Score: 1

    "To reach the other goals of the device, and provide an answer to the question ‘is the stellarator the right concept for fusion energy?’, years of plasma physics research is needed. That task has just started."

    This is a long, long way from "star in a jar works."

    --
    Check out the Apostrophe open-source CMS: http://www.apostrophenow.com/
  94. So, it's real close now? by eric_harris_76 · · Score: 1

    We're only about 20 or 25 years away from practical fusion power. Still. Again. Always.

    --
    There's no time like the present. Well, the past used to be.
  95. Translation.... by hackus · · Score: 1

    Funding has run out, so fake the results to get more money.

    Not saying it is a pipe drem...mind you...but the huge technical challenges would probably require trillions of Euro's to solve before you could build a plant for public use.

    That is probably 100-200 YEARS away.

    --
    Got Geometrodynamics? Awe, too hard to figure out? Too bad.
  96. Time Travel by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I did not really expect my time machine to work but no, I've already traveled to April 1st.

  97. Pump water into reservoirs by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Its already being done.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumped-storage_hydroelectricity

  98. We have been using fusion for years by denbesten · · Score: 1

    Coal, Oil, Gas, Wind, Solar all get their energy from fusion. Some of them are even pretty effective long-term storage mechanisms for fusion energy.

    1. Re:We have been using fusion for years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Very clever. This is one of those superficially 'deep' observations that's so insightful yet manages to add nothing to the discussion.

      Hey, like this one!

  99. Re: Not gonna happen by cyberchondriac · · Score: 1

    They're starting to take it seriously, getting their toes wet, at least.
    https://www.bloomberg.com/news...

    --

    Look back up at my post, now look back down, you're on the Internet. Now look back up. I'm a signature.
  100. Re: Not gonna happen by Coren22 · · Score: 1

    Big Oil is not investing in solar power, wind turbines or storage technology which will be the choice of alternative energy for now. Why should they invest in fusion?

    Are you sure about that?

    According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... Big Oil is; The supermajors are considered to be BP plc, Chevron Corporation, ExxonMobil Corporation, Royal Dutch Shell plc, Total SA and Eni SpA, with ConocoPhillips Company also sometimes described in the past as forming part of the group.

    http://www.bp.com/en/global/co...
    https://www.chevron.com/corpor...
    https://lubes.exxonmobil.com/L...
    http://www.shell.com/energy-an...

    Perhaps you should get with the times, "Big Oil" has been investing heavily in renewables for years. But I guess that doesn't fit in your world view, so it is much more convinient to rage about how horrible big oil wouldn't invest in renewable energy. As for fusion, that is a harder question to answer, you would have to actually look into the investors behind each fusion energy project. My guess is that those nasty big oil companies are heavily investing into fusion, as that is what energy companies to.

    As ray also points out, you are so far off base it is actually laughable. All those links above took me 30 seconds to find.

    --
    APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?